四川省自贡市第一中学2022-2023学年高一英语下学期6月月考试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份四川省自贡市第一中学2022-2023学年高一英语下学期6月月考试题（Word版附解析），共38页。
自贡一中高一年级下学期6月月考英语试卷
(试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟)
注意事项:
1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦于净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers?
A. In a TV studio. B. In a travel agency. C. In a hotel.
2. What does the man think of the woman’s dress?
A. Cheap. B. Beautiful. C. Unique.
3. Which subject did Tom do best in?
A. Chinese. B. Math. C. English.
4. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Read the school magazine.
B. Help him with an article.
C. Join the school band.
5. When does the woman usually do the cleaning?
A. On Saturday mornings.
B. On Saturday evenings.
C. On Sundays.
第二节(共15小题: 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟: 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话, 回答第6和第7小题。
6. What is the woman doing?
A. Complaining about the delay.
B. Doing a survey on airports.
C. Asking for information.
7. Which of the following places opens at 10: 00?
A. The restaurant.
B. The duty-free shop.
C. The currency exchange office.
听下面一段对话, 回答第8 和第9小题。
8. What is playing on the radio station now?
A. Commercials. B. A talk show. C. A music program.
9. What do we know about the man?
A. He hates to spend much time on news.
B. He prefers detailed news stories.
C. He often listens to news broadcasts.
听下面一段对话, 回答第10 至第12小题。
10. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Family life. B. A weekend plan. C. Their new hobbies.
11. What do the children like to do now?
A. Play with their friends.
B. Stay at home with parents.
C. Spend more time on movies.
12. Where does the woman suggest having fun next weekend?
A. In the park. B. In the cinema. C. At her home.
听下面一段对话, 回答第13至第16小题。
13. What is greatly valued in the company?
A. Employees’ qualities.
B. Employees’ appearances.
C. Employees’ physical conditions.
14. What does the man need to do before work?
A. Study the policies and practices.
B. Listen to customers’ concerns.
C. Have a medical examination.
15. What is unnecessary for the man?
A. Buying an insurance.
B. Being on time for work.
C. Working on weekends.
16. What will the man do?
A. Go on his questions.
B. Expect the woman’s reply.
C. Write down personal information.
听下面一段独白, 回答第17至第20小题。
17. When will It’s My Opinion be broadcast?
A. At 8:30. B. At 10:30. C. At 11:30.
18. What songs will be broadcast on Radio 3?
A. American songs. B. Brazilian songs. C. Italian songs.
19. What’s the program about on Radio 2?
A. Music. B. Sports. C. News.
20. Where can the audience enjoy the London Pop Spectacular?
A. On Radio 4. B. On Radio 3. C. On Radio 1.
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
In this post, we’ll introduce some top robotics competitions open to high schoolers. Keep reading to learn more.
Botball Educational Robotics Program
Level: Regional and national competitions available
Grades: 9th, 10th. 11th, 12th
Over a period of about seven weeks, students learn to code(编程) and develop complex strategies to use artificial intelligence. This allows them to create an autonomous robot together that competes in an annual game challenging against other teams in competitions at various levels across the country.
FIRST: Robotics Competition
Level: Local, regional and national competitions available
Grades: 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th
Teams work together with professional teachers to design, assemble(装配), and test an industrial-sized robot .The robot then competes in a head-to-head field game against other teams.
Robo Games
Level: International
Grades: All ages and backgrounds
This self-claimed “Olympics of robots” and current largest open robot competition challenges participants in a wide variety of events to display various skills. Amateurs, professionals, young and old alike are invited to participate with the goal of winning prizes, expanding educational service, and recognizing robot-builders in the public eye.
Zero Robotics High School Tournament
Level: International, including the U.S. and member countries of the European Space Agency
Grades: 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th
This fascinating competition begins with robots called SPHERES inside the International Space Station. The first phase of the competition is entirely online, in which competitors code the SPHERES to meet a yearly challenge. Finalists compete in person, onboard the International Space Station, conducted live in microgravity by a real astronaut!
1. What do the first and second robotics competitions have in common?
A. Teamwork is a must in competitions.
B. They have the same goals and rules.
C. The robot is tested before competitions.
D. They are completely of the same level.
2. Which of the competitions has no age limitation?
A. Bot ball Educational Robotics Program. B. FIRST: Robotics Competition.
C. Robo Games. D. Zero Robotics High School Tournament.
3. What can we learn about Zero Robotics High School Tournament?
A. It is held by the European Space Agency.
B. It is a local robotics competition.
C. The whole competition is conducted online.
D. The final competition is held at the International Space Station.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个对高中生开放的顶级机器人比赛。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Botball Educational Robotics Program部分中的“This allows them to create an autonomous robot together that competes in an annual game challenging against other teams in competitions at various levels across the country.”（这使他们能够共同创造一个自动机器人，参加一年一度的比赛，在全国不同级别的比赛中与其他团队竞争。）和FIRST: Robotics Competition部分中的“Teams work together with professional teachers to design, assemble(装配), and test an industrial-sized robot The robot then competes in a head-to-head field game against other teams.”（团队与专业教师一起设计、组装和测试工业大小的机器人，然后与其他团队进行面对面的比赛。）可知，这两个机器人比赛都是必须由团队成员一起合作来完成的。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Robo Games部分中的“Grades: All ages and backgrounds”（年级:所有年龄和背景）可知，Robo Games是没有年龄限制的。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Finalists compete in person, onboard the International Space Station, conducted live in microgravity by a real astronaut!”（决赛选手将在国际空间站上亲自参加比赛，由一名真正的宇航员在微重力环境下现场指导！）可知，在Zero Robotics高中锦标赛中，决赛是在国际空间站举行。故选D。
B
An embroidered (刺绣的) butterfly made by Liang Zhongmei is so lifelike that it could easily be mistaken for the real thing. It looks as if it could flap its colorful wings and fly free from its white cloth background.
This 55-year-old embroiderer from Guizhou Province was born in a closed and underdeveloped village deep in the mountains, where most residents live by farming or as migrant workers. Losing her left arm at a very young age meant she could not feed herself, but she refused to become downhearted, and learned embroidery from her mother diligently and determinedly.
After producing several works featuring butterflies and goldfish, she won many national professional skills awards in 2011 among people with disabilities. In 2012, she opened her workshop, with embroiderers putting their designs on the shelves to sell to locals, but business was poor.
However, Liang’s career prospered after an online commercial order. Now, clothes, ties, paintings and handicrafts produced by the workshop are sold to consumers worldwide via e-commerce platforms, with profit reaching from 300,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan annually.
As the number of orders rose, Liang employed more workers, offering jobs to more than 100 female embroiderers in the neighborhood. She has also organized training courses for jobless women. “Thanks to the online buyers, our products sell well, which has changed our lives and brought us income and dignity,” Liang said.
Wang Danqing, an online seller, has worked with Liang’s team since 2015. She said, “Many young consumers prefer products with cultural elements and personal appeal. Only by combining embroidered designs with modern life can cultural heritage be seen, loved, protected and passed down.”
4. What do we know about Liang Zhongmei?
A. She made a fortune when her business began.
B. She became world-famous after winning awards.
C. She was strong-willed while learning embroidery.
D. She was brought up in a well-off environment.
5. Which of the following can replace the underlined word in paragraph 4?
A. took off. B. went wrong.
C. held steady. D. broke down.
6. What can we learn from Wang Danqing’s words?
A. New designs need to be integrated into the products.
B. Expanding the range of product sales online is crucial.
C. It is Liang’s duty to pass on the embroidered technique.
D. Products with personal elements are favored by the youth.
7. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Online shopping gains popularity in China.
B. Young people take a great interest in embroidery.
C. Liang became an expert in embroidery despite her disability.
D. Disabled Liang achieved success by trading embroidery online.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述手臂残疾的梁忠美从小坚定不移地学习刺绣，并通过在网上交易刺绣获得了成功。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Losing her left arm at a very young age meant she could not feed herself, but she refused to become downhearted, and learned embroidery from her mother diligently and determinedly. (很小的时候就失去了左臂，这意味着她不能养活自己，但她不灰心，她勤奋而坚定地向母亲学习刺绣)”可知，梁忠美学习刺绣时意志非常坚定。故选C。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段的“Now, clothes, ties, paintings and handicrafts produced by the workshop are sold to consumers worldwide via e-commerce platforms, with profit reaching from 300,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan annually. (现在，车间生产的衣服、领带、绘画和手工艺品通过电子商务平台销售给全球消费者，年利润达到30万至50万元不等)”可知，开始接受网上订单后，梁忠美的事业开始蓬勃发展。因此猜测，划线词prospered意为“蓬勃发展”，与take off同义。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的““Many young consumers prefer products with cultural elements and personal appeal. Only by combining embroidered designs with modern life can cultural heritage be seen, loved, protected and passed down. (许多年轻消费者更喜欢具有文化元素和个人吸引力的产品。只有将刺绣设计与现代生活结合起来，才能让文化遗产被人看到、被人喜爱、被人保护、被人传承)”可知，Wang Danqing认为带有个人特色的产品受到年轻人的喜欢。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文并结合第二段的“Losing her left arm at a very young age meant she could not feed herself, but she refused to become downhearted, and learned embroidery from her mother diligently and determinedly. (很小的时候就失去了左臂，这意味着她不能养活自己，但她不灰心，她勤奋而坚定地向母亲学习刺绣)”以及第四段的“Now, clothes, ties, paintings and handicrafts produced by the workshop are sold to consumers worldwide via e-commerce platforms, with profit reaching from 300,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan annually. (现在，车间生产的衣服、领带、绘画和手工艺品通过电子商务平台销售给全球消费者，年利润达到30万至50万元不等)”可知，文章主要讲述手臂残疾的梁忠美从小坚定不移地学习刺绣，并通过在网上交易刺绣获得了成功。故选D。
C
Harvesting fruit is a very precise operation. The fruit must be picked when it is perfectly ripe. But with pickers in short supply in recent years. growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their crops. Tevel Aerobotics Technologies came to the farmers’ rescue with the Flying Autonomous Robots (FARs) that can help pick fruit.
“Not finding enough fruit pickers is every farmer’s biggest concern,” Yaniv Maor, Tevel’s founder and CEO said. Ask any farmer, anywhere in the world and they’ll tell you they don’t have the people. Food consumption is increasing, but labor availability(劳动力可用性) is decreasing. If pickers are not available. fruit will go bad on the trees. The flying robots will work day and night in almost any weather, without taking a break, to pick as much ripe fruit as possible.
Maor set up Tevel in 2017 and developed the technology after seeing young Israelis pick fruit and get tired after a few hours. He realized that there had to be a better way, so he began developing the software and artificial intelligence (AI) that are needed for the smart robot pickers. “We have to teach the robots about the structure of each fruit how to access the fruit and how to rotate(转动) it and disconnect it from the tree,” Maor said.
The flying robots circle round trees and pick only the ripe ones with a twist(扭动) of their integrated grasper arms. The robots are fitted with cameras that USC AI to assess the size and color of the fruit so that only the ripe ones are picked. The cameras also ensure that the robots’ paths are not blocked.
The robots arc currently picking Asian pears in Israel. In 2022, the FARs were used in pilot programs in Italy to pick peaches and other fruits, as well as in the US. They are not a replacement for labor, instead, they are a solution for the inadequate human pickers. In the future fewer people will work in picking and more will work in managing the robots, analyzing the data and making decisions.
8. Why are the FARs developed?
A. To meet the shortage of pickers to pick fruit.
B. To improve the software and AI for smart robots.
C. To help farmers keep the fruit in perfect condition.
D. To relieve farmers from the tiredness of picking fruit.
9. What can we infer from paragraphs 2 and 3?
A. Maor developed the FARs out of curiosity.
B. The FARs can produce more fruit for food consumption.
C. Labor shortage is an urgent problem in every country.
D. The FARs can work without stop in almost any weather.
10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A. How the robots work. B. What the robots consist of.
C Why the robots are useful. D. Where the robots are used.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards the FARs?
A. Doubtful. B. Positive.
C. Worried. D. Unclear.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们利用飞行机器人采摘水果来解决劳动力短缺问题。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But with pickers in short supply in recent years. growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their crops. Tevel Aerobotics Technologies came to the farmers’ rescue with the Flying Autonomous Robots (FARs) that can help pick fruit.”（但近年来采摘机供不应求。种植者需要迅速找到另一种收割作物的方法。Tevel Aerobotics Technologies公司推出了自动飞行机器人(FARs)，可以帮助农民采摘水果。）可知，开发飞行机器人是为了满足采摘人员采摘水果的短缺。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The flying robots will work day and night in almost any weather, without taking a break, to pick as much ripe fruit as possible.”（这些飞行机器人将在几乎任何天气下不分昼夜地工作，不间断地采摘尽可能多的成熟水果。）可推知，飞行机器人几乎可以在任何天气下不间断地工作。故选D项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The flying robots circle round trees and pick only the ripe ones with a twist(扭动) of their integrated grasper arms. The robots are fitted with cameras that USC AI to assess the size and color of the fruit so that only the ripe ones are picked. The cameras also ensure that the robots’ paths are not blocked.”（飞行机器人绕着树转，用集成的抓取臂旋转，只采摘成熟的树。这些机器人配备了南加州大学人工智能(USC AI)的摄像头，可以评估水果的大小和颜色，以便只采摘成熟的水果。摄像头还可以确保机器人的路径不被阻塞。）可知，第四段主要讲了机器人是如何工作的。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They are not a replacement for labor, instead, they are a solution for the inadequate human pickers. In the future fewer people will work in picking and more will work in managing the robots, analyzing the data and making decisions.”（它们不是劳动力的替代品，相反，它们是人类采摘能力不足的解决方案。在未来，更少的人将从事采摘工作，更多的人将从事管理机器人、分析数据和做出决策的工作。）可推知，作者对飞行机器人的态度是肯定积极的。故选B项。
D
Tourists visiting La Gomera and EI Hierro in the Canary-Islands can often hear locals communicating over long distances by whistling-not a tune, but the Spanish language. The locals are communicating in Silbo, a whistled Spanish language.
Whistled languages are almost developed in rough, mountainous regions or in thick forest. That’s because whistled speech carries much farther than ordinary speech or shouting. As a result, whistled speech can be understood up to 10 times as far away as ordinary shouting. That lets people communicate even when they cannot easily approach close enough to shout. On La Gomera, for example, a few traditional shepherds (牧羊人) still whistle to one another across mountain valleys that could take hours to cross.
Whistled languages work because many of the key elements of speech can be produced in a whistle, says Meyer. We distinguish(区分) one speech sound from another by small differences in their sound frequency patterns. A long e, for example, is formed higher in the mouth than along o, giving it a higher sound.
To language scientists, such languages are more than just a curiosity. By studying whistled languages, they hope to learn more about how our brains get meaning from the complex sound patterns of speech. Whistling may even provide a chance to know one of the most dramatic jump forward in human evolution(进化): the origin of language itself.
Despite their interest to both language experts and casual observers, whistled languages are disappearing rapidly all over the world, and some, such as the whistled form of the Tepehua language in Mexico, have already disappeared. “...now you still find whistled speech only in places that are very, very remote, that have had less contact with modernity and less access to roads,” Meyer says.
Fortunately, there is still hope. UNESCO, the UN cultural organization, has listed two whistled languages, Silbo, and a whistled Turkish, as the world’s cultural heritage. Such attention can lead to conservation efforts.
12. What led to the development of whistled languages?
A. Geographic inaccessibility. B. Rapid increase in tourism.
C. Greater information capacity. D. Interest of language experts.
13. Why are a long “e” and a long “o” mentioned in paragraph 3?
A. To show what key elements speech has.
B. To explain the differences between speech sound frequency patterns.
C. To prove the popularity of whistled language in the world.
D. To compare whistled languages and ordinary languages.
14. What might be a reason for the disappearance of whistled languages according to Meyer?
A. Construction of cities. B. Lack of attention.
C. Expansion of other cultures. D. Modernization.
15. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. Why People Used Whistled Languages B. When Whistles Languages Disappeared
C. How Whistled Languages Developed D. Why Whistled Languages Matter
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍口哨语言的优势，特征，形成的原因和现状。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Whistled languages are almost developed in rough, mountainous regions or in thick forest. That’s because whistled speech carries much farther than ordinary speech or shouting. As a result, whistled speech can be understood up to 10 times as far away as ordinary shouting. That lets people communicate even when they cannot easily approach close enough to shout. (口哨几乎是在粗糙的山区或茂密的森林中发展起来的。这是因为吹口哨的讲话比普通的讲话或叫喊要远得多。因此，吹口哨讲话的理解力是普通叫喊的10倍。这让人们即使在无法轻易靠近大喊大叫的情况下也能进行交流。)”可知，人们在沟通时，地理位置的不便促进了口哨语言的发展。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“We distinguish(区分) one speech sound from another by small differences in their sound frequency patterns. A long e, for example, is formed higher in the mouth than along o, giving it a higher sound. (我们通过声音频率模式的微小差异来区分一种语音和另一种语音。例如，长e在口腔中形成的位置比沿着o的位置高，从而发出更高的声音。)”可知，文中提到长e和o是为了证明声音频率模式的不同。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““...now you still find whistled speech only in places that are very, very remote, that have had less contact with modernity and less access to roads,” Meyer says. (迈耶说：“……现在，你仍然只能在非常、非常偏远的地方发现吹口哨的情况，这些地方与现代性的接触较少，道路也较少。”)”可知，在迈耶看来，现代化是口哨语言消失的原因。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Whistled languages are almost developed in rough, mountainous regions or in thick forest. That’s because whistled speech carries much farther than ordinary speech or shouting. (口哨几乎是在粗糙的山区或茂密的森林中发展起来的。这是因为吹口哨的讲话比普通的讲话或叫喊要远得多。)”和第五段““...now you still find whistled speech only in places that are very, very remote, that have had less contact with modernity and less access to roads,” Meyer says. (迈耶说：“……现在，你仍然只能在非常、非常偏远的地方发现吹口哨的情况，这些地方与现代性的接触较少，道路也较少。”)”可知，这篇文章讲述了口哨语言从发展起来到如今衰落，由此可知，文章主要介绍口哨语言的发展。故选C。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is often a complex and tiring task to live a healthy life, but that isn’t always the case. ___16___ It’s time to change the classroom environment for the health of the children.
___17___ It’s not surprising that sitting for long as a child is associated with health problems as an adult. Fortunately, there’s a simple, overlooked solution to these problems — standing classrooms.
Over the last few years, a number of studies have shown that the benefits of the increased range of movement students experience when using standing desks are surprisingly broad. ___18___ Besides, standing desks encourage higher levels of teamwork and participation among students. Standing desks also help to reduce the risk of some diseases. They can help to prevent fatness, heart disease and low spirits. Sedentary (久坐的) lifestyles are a major reason why teenagers suffer from poor mental health, while higher activity levels reduce the chances of a child experiencing such an illness.
The benefits of bringing standing desks into classrooms are obvious. ___19___ Otherwise they will likely hurt their muscles when standing for a long time. Standing desks usually offer a full range of motion, which includes the option to sit or lean (倾斜身体) without losing eye-level of the rest of the class, and that full range of motion is important.
Sitting isn’t horrible. It isn’t a thing we should never do. The problem is that we do it too much, and so do our children, which makes children less likely to succeed and keep healthy. ___20___
A It is time for us to stand up to stay healthy.
B. But it is important for children to use them gradually.
C. Children spend most of their school day sitting at desks.
D. Thus it’s necessary to break up the sitting with standing desks.
E. Something as cheap as a desk could be making a major difference.
F. Right now there is something we can do easily to keep our children healthy.
G. For example, they help students keep fit and avoid putting on too much weight.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. G 19. B 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了久坐带来的健康隐患和采用站立式课桌对学生的健康的好处。
【16题详解】
上文“It is often a complex and tiring task to live a healthy life, but that isn’t always the case.(过健康的生活通常是一项复杂而累人的任务，但事实并非总是如此)”以及下文“It’s time to change the classroom environment for the health of the children.(为了孩子们的健康，是时候改变课堂环境了)”说明为了孩子们的健康，需要改变课堂环境，而且这并不一定是复杂且累人的，F项“现在，我们可以很容易地做一些事情来保持孩子的健康。”承上启下，符合题意。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据下文“It’s not surprising that sitting for long as a child is associated with health problems as an adult.(孩子久坐与成年时的健康问题有关，这并不奇怪)”可知，孩子成年时有健康问题并不奇怪。由此推知，空处陈述这种问题不奇怪的原因。C项“孩子们一天中的大部分时间都坐在书桌前。”引出下文，符合题意，sitting at desks是关键词故选C。
18题详解】
上文“Over the last few years, a number of studies have shown that the benefits of the increased range of movement students experience when using standing desks are surprisingly broad.(在过去的几年里，许多研究表明，学生在使用站立式课桌时，活动范围的增加所带来的好处惊人的多)”说明学生使用站立式课桌有好处，G项“例如，他们帮助学生保持健康，避免体重过大”举例说明使用站立式课桌的好处，承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
【19题详解】
上文“The benefits of bringing standing desks into classrooms are obvious.(将站立式课桌引入教室的好处是显而易见的)”以及下文“Otherwise they will likely hurt their muscles when standing for a long time.(否则，当他们长时间站立时，很可能会损伤他们的肌肉)”说明站立式课桌有好处，但长时间站立可能损伤孩子们的肌肉，B项“但对孩子们来说，逐渐使用它们是很重要的。”承上启下，说明要让孩子们逐渐使用站立式课桌，符合题意。故选B。
【20题详解】
上文“Sitting isn’t horrible. It isn’t a thing we should never do. The problem is that we do it too much, and so do our children, which makes children less likely to succeed and keep healthy.(坐着并不可怕。这不是一件我们永远不应该做的事情。问题是我们坐得太多了，我们的孩子也是，这会降低孩子成功和保持健康的可能性)”说明久坐的坏处，D项“因此有必要用站立式课桌把坐分散开来。”说明解决方法，承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Todd and Donna woke up early one day to take pictures of the sunrise. While walking along the shoreline and enjoying the sights, Todd suddenly ____21____ down. Donna thought her husband was ____22____ . However, she quickly realized this was no laughing matter. Todd’s heart stopped beating and he turned ____23____ . Immediately she screamed for help.
Tyler Volpe, a ____24____ , was in the water when Todd came down. Volpe is also a physician assistant. He heard Donna’s cries for help. “I knew it wasn’t a ____25____ scream,” he said. “I came flying out of the water.”
Volpe started chest compression (按压) while Roy, another surfer, breathed into Todd’s mouth. Then, they switched ____26____ with each other. “I really thought he was ____27____ ,” Donna said. As Roy and Volpe continued CPR, Todd breathed ____28____ a few times.
The tide was starting to come in. Other surfers used their boards to form a ____29____ between the rescue effort and the water. “They kept him ____30____ until the ambulance got there,” Donna said. “It could have been two minutes or 10 days. I was watching my life ____31____ with his.”
Doctors used a defibrillator (除颤器) to shock his heart and ____32____ his heartbeat. On the second shock, he regained his feel.
Todd and Donna planned to drive back home to New Jersey that morning, but decided to first take a walk on the beach. “It is lucky we didn’t ____33____ because it would have happened while we were driving home,” Donna said.
Donna ____34____ a message asking if anyone knew the surfers who helped her husband — they wanted to ____35____ them.
21. A. fell B. sat C. took D. broke
22. A. sleeping B. lying C. joking D. thinking
23. A. red B. blue C. green D. orange
24. A. worker B. doctor C. reporter D. surfer
25. A. loud B. normal C. sudden D. lasting
26. A. positions B. cloths C. boards D. apartments
27. A. cold B. dead C. safe D. lucky
28. A. quietly B. easily C. deeply D. evenly
29. A. sight B. bridge C. link D. barrier
30. A. warm B. alive C. positive D. brave
31. A. start B. develop C. end D. continue
32. A. record B. review C. repeat D. restore
33. A. pay B. speed C. pause D. leave
34. A. answered B. learned C. posted D. heard
35. A. thank B. meet C. accept D. miss
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Todd和Donna去拍摄日出照片，在散步的时候Todd发生了意外，在冲浪者和很多好心人的帮助下，拯救了Todd的命，Donna发帖子想找到冲浪者并表示感谢。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：沿着海岸线散步欣赏风景时，Todd突然摔倒了。A. fell落下，摔倒；B. sat坐下；C. took带走；D. broke打破。根据下文中的“Todd’s heart stopped beating”可知，Todd心脏骤停，所以此处应为Todd突然“摔倒”。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Donna以为她丈夫在开玩笑。A. sleeping睡觉；B. lying撒谎；C. joking开玩笑；D. thinking认为。根据下文中的“However, she quickly realized this was no laughing matter.”可知，Donna意识到，这不是开玩笑的事情，由此可知，此处指的是“开玩笑”符合语境。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Todd的心停止了跳动，脸色发青。A. red红色，危险的；B. blue蓝色的，发青的；C. green绿色的，生的；D. orange橙色的。根据常识和上文中的“Todd’s heart stopped beating”可知，Todd心跳骤停，脸色“发青的”符合语境。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Tyler Volpe是一名冲浪者，Todd摔倒时他正在水中。A. worker工人；B. doctor医生；C. reporter记者；D. surfer冲浪者。根据下文中的“Volpe started chest compression (按压) while Roy, another surfer, breathed into Todd’s mouth.”可知，另一位冲浪者做人工呼吸，由此可知，Volpe应该也是“冲浪者”。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我知道那不是正常的尖叫，”他说。A. loud大声的；B. normal正常的；C. sudden突然的；D. lasting持续的。根据上文中的“Immediately she screamed for help.”可知，Donna发现Todd心脏骤停，她发出的求救声应该不是“正常的”尖叫。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他们互相交换位置。A. positions位置；B. cloths衣物；C. boards甲板；D. apartments公寓。根据上文中的“Volpe started chest compression (按压) while Roy, another surfer, breathed into Todd’s mouth.”以及switched和常识可知，在进行心肺复苏，两个人应该是轮流着进行，所以此处应为交换“位置”进行。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我真的以为他死了，”Donna说。A. cold冷的；B. dead死的；C. safe安全的；D. lucky幸运的。根据语境和上文中的“Todd’s heart stopped beating”可知，Todd心脏停止跳动，所以Donna认为他真的“死了”。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Roy和Volpe继续做心肺复苏术时，Todd深呼吸了几次。A. quietly安静地；B. easily容易地；C. deeply深深地；D. evenly平均地。根据上文“Todd breathed”可知，在心肺复苏的作用下，Todd深呼吸了几次。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他冲浪者用他们的冲浪板在救援人员和水之间形成一道屏障。A. sight视力；B. bridge桥梁；C. link联系；D. barrier屏障，障碍。根据语境和上文中的“The tide was starting to come in. Other surfers used their boards to form”可知，涨潮的时候，很多人用冲浪板建立了一个“屏障”帮助救援。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他们一直让他活着，直到救护车赶到，”Donna说。A. warm温暖的；B. alive活跃的，活着的；C. positive积极的；D. brave勇敢的。根据语境和下文中的“until the ambulance got there”可知，此处指的是这些救援者让Todd一直处于“活着的”状态，直到救护车的到来。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着我的生命和他的生命一起结束。A. start开始；B. develop开发；C. end结束；D. continue继续。根据上文中的“It could have been two minutes or 10 days.”可知，丈夫处于危急时刻，性命攸关，Donna是非常焦急和绝望的，所以，Donna觉得自己的生命要和Todd的生命一起“结束”了。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生用除颤器电击他的心脏，使他的心跳恢复。A. record记录；B. review回顾，复习；C. repeat重复；D. restore恢复，使复原。根据常识和上文中的“Doctors used a defibrillator (除颤器) to shock his heart”可知，使用除颤仪是为了使Todd的心脏“恢复”跳动。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Donna说：“幸运的是我们没有离开，因为这可能是在我们开车回家的时候发生的。”A. pay支付；B. speed加速；C. pause暂停；D. leave离开。根据下文中的“because it would have happened while we were driving home”可知，这件事有可能会发生在回家的途中，所以此处指的是没有“离开”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Donna发了一条信息，询问是否有人认识帮助她丈夫的冲浪者——他们想感谢他们。A. answered回答；B. learned学习；C. posted发帖子；D. heard听到。根据下文中的“a message asking if anyone knew the surfers who helped her husband”可知，此处指的是Donna在网上“发帖子”寻找帮助Todd的冲浪者。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Donna发了一条信息，询问是否有人认识帮助她丈夫的冲浪者——他们想感谢他们。A. thank感谢；B. meet遇见；C. accept接受；D. miss错过，思念。根据上文中的“anyone knew the surfers who helped her husband”和常识可知，对于帮助过她丈夫的人，应该是表示“感谢”符合语境。故选A。
第二节(共 10 小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A book club can be an enriching, satisfying way _____36_____(develop) new friendships and an appreciation for reading. Or it can be a big, fat failure. The direction it takes really depends on how it _____37_____(plan) and managed. Right out of the gate, talk with potential members about what they want from a book club. If their interest is purely social, think about forming a group to do social _____38_____(activity) together, instead.
Davina Morgan-Witts, a book club expert at Book Browse, conducted _____39_____survey in 2019 of thousands of book club members. In that survey, Book Browse found that the longer a group spends talking about a book, the _____40_____(happy) they are in the club. In fact, 81 percent of those in book clubs that _____41_____(general) discussed a book for 75 minutes or longer marked _____42_____(they) as “very happy”, compared to just 55 percent in groups that discussed for 20 minutes or less!
“It’s not that they say social time is unimportant but it’s secondary,” Morgan-Witts explains. “It’s because of the open discussion and the sharing of opinions _____43_____ the friendship forms.” If you want to discuss books without all of the small talk, she suggests _____44_____(turn) to a public library group. Those groups tend to be much more focused ______45______book discussion, rather than the social elements he says.
【答案】36. to develop
37. is planned
38. activities
39. a 40. happier
41. generally
42. themselves
43. that 44. turning
45. on
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了读书俱乐部的重要性。
【36题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：读书俱乐部可以是一种丰富、令人满意的发展新的友谊和对阅读的欣赏的方式。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配a way to do sth.，意为“做某事的方法”。故填to develop。
【37题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：它的走向实际上取决于它的计划和管理方式。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是一般性事实，谓语用一般现在时，动词plan和主语it是动宾关系，用被动语态结构，be动词用is。故填is planned。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：如果他们的兴趣纯粹是社交，可以考虑组建一个小组，一起进行社交活动。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要可数名词activity的复数形式，表示泛指，作宾语。故填activities。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：图书浏览的图书俱乐部专家戴维娜·摩根·维特斯在2019年对数千名图书俱乐部成员进行了调查。分析句子结构和意思可知，survey是可数名词单数形式，前面用不定冠词形式，表示泛指，“一个”的意思，survey的发音是以辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：在那项调查中，图书浏览发现，一组人谈论一本书的时间越长，他们在俱乐部就越开心。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定句型the+比较级…，the+比较级…。意为“越……越……”，所以应用形容词比较级作表语。故填happier。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：事实上，在读书俱乐部中，通常讨论一本书75分钟或更长时间的人中，81%的人认为他们自己“非常高兴”，而在讨论20分钟或更短时间的小组中，这一比例仅为55%！分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查副词，作状语，修饰动词discussed，意为“通常”。故填generally。
【42题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：见第6题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查反身代词themselves，作宾语，意为“他们自己”。故填themselves。
【43题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：正是因为公开的讨论和意见的分享，才形成了友谊。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查强调句型结构：It’s+被强调部分+that/who+句子，当强调内容为物，应用that，当强调内容为人，应用that/who。这里被强调部分是because of the open discussion and the sharing of opinions，指物，用that。故填that。
【44题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：如果你想在没有闲聊的情况下讨论书籍，她建议转向公共图书馆小组。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定短语suggest doing sth.，意为“建议做某事”。故填turning。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他说，这些群体往往更专注于书籍讨论，而不是社会因素。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定短语focus on，意为“专注于”。故填on。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，明日你班英语课课前3分钟自由表达的主题是“如何高效学习”。请你以“How to Study Effectively”为题，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你对高效学习的看法。内容包括：
1. 你对高效学习的理解；
2. 你的建议。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How to Study Effectively
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
How to Study Effectively
“Efficient learning” means using the shortest time to understand what you do not know and fulfill what you cannot do, constantly improving yourself. There are some suggestions we can use for maximum efficiency.
First, a good attitude is an indispensable factor. However smart you are, as long as you have a bad attitude, there is surely no good result. What we need to do next is to set a specific goal. Just as importantly, we should identify everyday work and make a sensible plan.
All in all, only when we have a clear plan and stick to the well-made plan, can we see our hard work pay off.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是李华，明日你班英语课课前3分钟自由表达的主题是“如何高效学习”。请你以“How to Study Effectively”为题，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你对高效学习的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestion→advice
目标：goal→target
合理的：sensible→reasonable
总之：all in all→in short
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Just as importantly, we should identify everyday work and make a sensible plan.
拓展句：Just as importantly, not only should we identify everyday work, but also we should make a sensible plan.
【点睛】[高分句型1] “Efficient learning” means using the shortest time to understand what you do not know and fulfill what you cannot do, constantly improving yourself. (运用了what引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] All in all, only when we have a clear plan and stick to the well-made plan, can we see our hard work pay off. (运用了部分倒装)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Howie! You can’t go in! Mom told us to avoid Mrs. Carrigan’s house at all costs! We can’t go in there” Howie’s big brother, Archie, yelled at the boy who had entered the older woman’s yard upon seeing her Halloween decorations.
The little kid turned and looked at his two big brothers angrily. “But she put up decorations. She wants us to come in,” Howie said, pointing at the pumpkins in the yard and the trick-or-treat sign on her doorway.
“Come out, Howie! Let’s go! I think Mom thinks she’s a ... a witch,” his other big brother, Bobby, whispered the last part. “What? Are you afraid of her?” Howie laughed, knowing that his brothers would not like that. He saw their frowns, but his words were true. They were afraid. No one in the neighborhood went into Mrs. Carrigan’s house or even stayed close.
The old woman was strange. She only dressed in black and never brushed her hair. She couldn’t walk straight and never smiled at anyone, so people avoided her the few times she was seen outside. But Howie was not afraid. He was going to knock. The worst that could happen was being ignored or told to go away. Despite his big brothers’ words, he went up the tiny steps and rang the doorbell.
“Howie! Howie! No!” his big brothers whisper-yelled at him from the sidewalk, and Howie turned and put his finger to his mouth, signaling for them to shut up. But he saw their eyes widen and their faces pale even beneath the Halloween makeup they were all wearing. Howie felt something behind him and turned slowly, not knowing what to expect. He felt the cold air; he felt like ringing the bell was not a good idea.
The old woman was there, staring at him surprisedly. He saw her black clothes, and he knew precisely why everyone thought she was a witch. She looked like the ones in cartoons. But Howie squared his shoulders, raised his plastic pumpkin bucket, and said, “Trick or Treat!”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mrs. Carrigan stared at him for a few seconds.
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“Guys! Come here! There are lots of candies!” Howie shouted at the top of his lungs, waving his hands.
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【答案】

Mrs. Carrigan stared at him for a few seconds. He saw her eyes widen a bit with surprise. After a brief silence came her brisk voice, “Come in! My first trick-or-treater!” She reached beside her, taking out a big bag of candy. “Here you go! Pick whatever you like! By the way, I like your costume,” she said, giving Howie a cute wink and it was not scary as he had expected. Howie’s eyes sparkled with joy as he picked his favorites. She looked behind him and saw his big brothers. “Don’t they want any candies?” she asked.
“Guys! Come here! There are lots of candies!” Howie shouted at the top of his lungs, waving his hands. His big brothers exchanged a confused look, but still, they dashed to the door way, grabbing whatever Mrs. Carrigan was offering. Thrilled and overjoyed, they shared everyone their experience in the neighborhood. Soon, the porch of Mrs. Carrigan’s house was packed solid with kids ringing her doorbell for candies. Having taken a handful of candy, each kid left with a bright smile broadening from ear to ear. The rumors about Mrs. Carrigan disappeared that Halloween night and people realized she was just a friendly neighbor like everyone else.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Howie经常被妈妈告知不要接触Carrigan女士，因为她总是穿黑色的衣服，周围的人都认为她好像女巫。恰逢万圣节，Howie和哥哥们走到了Carrigan女士的门口，Howie鼓起勇气，挺起胸膛，走进了Carrigan女士的屋内，意料之外Carrigan女士是一个非常友好的人，赠与孩子们各种糖果，并与他们一起度过了愉快的万圣节。此后关于Carrigan女士的谣言消失，人们对她有了新的认识。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Carrigan太太盯着他看了几秒钟。”可知，第一段可描写Carrigan太太见到孩子们给孩子们糖果，这种反应让Howie感到非常惊讶。
②由第二段首句内容“‘伙计们！来这里！这里有很多糖果！’Howie挥舞着双手，扯着嗓子大声喊道。”可知，第二段可描写孩子们收到了Carrigan太太的糖果礼物，由此关于Carrigan太太的谣言不断消失，人们对她有了新的认识。
2.续写线索：走进Carrigan房子——心情忐忑紧张——Carrigan太太馈赠糖果——孩子们出乎意料——接受礼物——谣言消失
3.词汇激活
行为类
①看到：see/catch a glimpse of
②冲出去：dash to/rush to
③明白：realize/understand
情绪类
①眼睛放光：eyes sparkled with joy/eyes shined with great bling
②灿烂的微笑：a bright smile /a brilliant smile
【点睛】[高分句型1] “Here you go! Pick whatever you like! By the way, I like your costume,” she said, giving Howie a cute wink and it was not scary as he had expected. （由现在分词作伴随状语）
[高分句型2]Soon, the porch of Mrs. Carrigan’s house was packed solid with kids ringing her doorbell for candies.（句中使用一般过去时被动语态以及with的复合结构）