2022-2023年湖南永州高一英语下学期期末试卷及答案

这是一份2022-2023年湖南永州高一英语下学期期末试卷及答案，共5页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What des the man want t d this afternn?
A. G skating. B. Watch a match. C. Play ftball.
2.Why is the man late?
A. He helped a persn. B. His car brke dwn. C. He gt up late.
3. What des the wman think f cking?
A. It’s easy. B. It’s difficult. C. It’s bring.
4.Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a classrm. B. In a cncert. C. At hme.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Jack’s wedding. B. Jack’s sfa C. Jack’s living rm.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What will the speakers prbably d next?
A. Hurry t the next class. B. G t a club. C. Meet sme friends.
7.What time is the man’s next class?
A. At 10:30. B. At 11:00. C. At 11:30.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Wh is the wman mst prbably talking t?
A. A salesman. B. A repairman. C. A classmate.
9. What happened t the wman’s cmputer?
A. Its sftware didn’t wrk. B. Its screen turned black. C. Its screen turned blue.
10.What des the man d t the wman’s cmputer?
A. Replace its screen. B. Scan fr viruses. C. Restart it.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Hw des the wman feel at first?
A. Tired. B. Wrried. C. Hungry.
12Where are the speakers ging?
A. T a restaurant. B. T a train statin. C. T a stre.
13.What is the man likely t d at last?
A. Drive slwly. B. Have a meal. C. Take a rest.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14.What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. C-wrkers. B. Schlmates. C. Interviewer and interviewee.
15.What d we knw abut the wman?
A. She is ut f wrk nw.
B. She lives near her cmpany.
C. She wrks fr HH Cmpany.
16. Hw des the man g t wrk these days?
A. By mtrbike. B. By subway. C. By car.
17.Why will the man g t the city library?
A. T return sme bks. B. T wrk there. C. T have an interview.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. When is the United Natins Chinese Language Day?
A. On April 27th. B. On April 25th. C. On April 20th.
19. Hw did the UN Office celebrate the ev
B
Yuan Lngping, knwn as the “father f hybrid rice (杂交水稻之父)”, is ne f China’s mst famus scientists. Yet, he cnsidered himself as a farmer because he cntinually wrked the land in his research. Indeed, his slim but strng bdy was just like that f millins f Chinese farmers, t whm he devted his life.
Yuan was brn in 1930 in Beijing. His parents wanted him t pursue a career in science r medicine. Hwever, what cncerned him mst was that farmers ften had pr harvests and smetimes even had a serius shrtage f fd t eat. T tackle this crisis, he chse t study agriculture and received an educatin at Suthwest Agricultural Cllege in Chngqing.
After graduating frm Suthwest Agricultural Cllege in 1953, he wrked as a researcher. Yuan realized that larger fields were nt the slutin. Instead, farmers needed t bst yields (产量) in the fields they had. Hw this culd be dne was a challenging questin at the time. Yuan was cnvinced that the answer culd be fund in the creatin f hybrid rice. A hybrid is a crss between tw r mre varieties f species. One characteristic f hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than cnventinal crps. Thrugh intense effrt, Yuan vercame enrmus technical difficulties t develp the first hybrid rice that culd be used fr farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers t expand their utput greatly.
Witnessing the develpment f hybrid rice, Yuan nce said “I saw my super hybrid rice plant grwing as high as srghum (高粱). The panicle (head f rice) was as large as a brm, and the grains as big as peanuts. I was very happy t rest under them with my assistant.”
Tday, it is estimated (估计) that abut 60 percent f dmestic (国内的) rice cnsumptin in China is made up f crps prduced frm Yuan’s hybrid species and his species have allwed China’s farmers t prduce arund 200 millin tns f rice per year.
4. Why did Yuan Lngping cnsider himself a farmer?
A. Having a figure like farmers.B. Researching the land cnstantly.
C. Leading a life in the cuntryside.D. Graduating frm an agricultural cllege.
5. What des the underlined wrd “tackle” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Sharpen.B. Unearth.C. Get rid f.D. Give rise t.
6. What is the main advantage f hybrid rice?
A. Its higher yield.B. Its creatin prcess.
C. Its pr harvests.D. Its varieties f species.
7. What is Yuan’s attitude t the develpment f the hybrid rice?
A. Satisfied.B. Unbearable.C. Unspeakable.D. Cautius.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A
C
One f the wrld’s mst significant eclgical and envirnmental prblems is desertificatin. Desertificatin is a type f land degradatin in which a relatively dry land regin becmes increasingly arid (干旱的), typically lsing its bdies f water as well as vegetatin and wildlife. It’s happening all ver the wrld and it’s happening very quickly.
There are several causes f desertificatin. The immediate cause is the remval f mst vegetatin. This is driven by a number f factrs, such as drught, tillage (耕种) fr agriculture, vergrazing (过度放牧) and defrestatin fr fuel r cnstructin materials. Sme farmers farm their land t much, withut giving the sil a chance t recver. Others allw their animals t eat up large areas f grass far t quickly — at a rate that makes it impssible fr the grass t grw back. Cutting dwn trees is anther majr cause f desertificatin. Trees help prtect the sil. Withut trees, the sil easily blws away in the wind r washes away in flds. Besides, wildlife plays an imprtant rle in the preservatin f vegetatin and sil. S remval f animals is als ne f the main drivers f increasing desertificatin. Mrever, sme parts f the Earth are htter tday than they used t be. This change in climate has dried ut a lt f land.
The cnsequences f desertificatin can be disastrus. S we need t take steps t prevent desertificatin. We shuld pay attentin t hw much energy we use in ur daily lives. That way, we can reduce the amunt f carbn dixide released. We can walk r cycle shrt distances, and use less water. We can als prtect ur frests by reusing paper and nt using dispsable chpsticks. What’s mre, we shuld try t make peple arund us aware f the prblem and encurage them t change their daily habits in the same way. As lng as we create a harmnius envirnment, life n this planet will live in peace and abundance, and stp the pace f desertificatin tgether.
8. What can we learn abut desertificatin frm paragraph 1?
A. It is happening slwly thrughut the wrld.
B. It is an eclgical and envirnmental slutin.
C. It is the prcess during which farmland turns int desert.
D. It is the prcess during which a relatively dry land becmes rich.
9. Why des desertificatin ccur?
A. Wildlife des harm t the vegetatin and sil.
B. The change in climate cntributes t dried land.
C. Animals eat the grass at a slwer rate than grass grws.
D. Trees are blwn away in the wind r washed away in flds.
10. What steps can we take t prevent desertificatin?
A. Changing ur gd daily habits.
B. Raising peple’s envirnmental awareness.
C. Using mre paper and less dispsable chpsticks.
D. Using mre energy and releasing less carbn dixide.
11. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Desertificatin — the majr cause f climate change.
B. Desertificatin — everyne’s respnsibility fr its treatment.
C. Desertificatin — the disastrus cnsequences f defrestatin.
D. Desertificatin — the mst significant eclgical and envirnmental prblem.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. D
D
As many as 3.9 per cent f peple have aphantasia (心盲症), the inability t picture images in their heads. But frmally diagnsing (诊断) the cnditin is difficult. A simple physilgical test invlving a webcam culd ne day ffer a slutin.
Rebecca Kegh at Macquarie University in Australia and her clleagues have studied the effectiveness f a test they have develped fr aphantasia by recruiting 56 peple withut the cnditin and 18 peple wh said they have it.
The test is based n changes t pupil (瞳孔) size. Lking at a bright bject causes a persn’s pupils t cnstrict while dim bjects cause the pupils t dilate (扩大). The researchers guessed that a similar effect culd be bserved if peple were tld t imagine a bright r dark bject.
In their tests, the researchers tracked each persn’s pupil size using an infrared (红外的) camera. They shwed a participant a bright image f an bject n a screen fr 5 secnds, and tld him/her t memrize it. After the image disappeared, the participant’s pupils returned t their riginal size. He/She was asked t imagine the bject in his/her head. This task was repeated until he/she had lked at 16 bright images and 16 dark images. The pupils f all participants changed in respnse t seeing bright and dark images n the screen. Abut 90 per cent f thse withut aphantasia als shwed pupil size changes when tld t imagine thse images. Hwever, the same was true f just 39 per cent f peple wh said they had aphantasia.
Thmas Andrilln at the Paris Brain Institute suggests the test culd ne day be used t check if smene has aphantasia. But Kegh says the test still needs t be refined befre it can be used widely. “We cannt run this study withut access t infrared glasses that can measure pupil size,” she says. This is because the pupil size changes seen in thse withut aphantasia are still very small—a change in diameter (直径) f abut 0.2 t 0.4 millimetres. The team wants t gather mre data with larger sample sizes and hpes t develp a test that can be dne at hme via a laptp webcam.
12. What can we d t diagnse aphantasia?
A. Changing the pupil size.B. Imagining images in the head.
C. Tracking a similar effect via a laptp.D. Ding a physilgical test with a webcam.
13. Hw was the test carried ut?
A. By analyzing data.B. By classifying facts.
C. By making cmparisns.D. By giving detailed examples.
14. What can be inferred frm paragraph 4?
A. The infrared camera interrupts participants’ behavirs.
B. Images n the screen changed in respnse t pupil mvements.
C. All participants’ pupils change accrding t imagined images.
D. An infrared camera can detect aphantasia by tracking pupil changes.
15. What is the main idea f the last paragraph?
A. Diagnsing aphantasia still has a lng way t g.
B. Access t infrared glasses is nt a necessity in the test.
C. A laptp webcam can be widely used t cure aphantasia.
D. Data with sample sizes are quite enugh t cnfirm the result.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Befre yu g n yur next tw wheeled adventure, make sure yu’re familiar with the ins and uts f bicycle safety. ____16____.—ne pwered by an electric mtr in additin t yur pedaling (踏板).
Many f the safety recmmendatins are the same fr bth types f bikes. Wear a helmet. Ride with the flw f traffic rather than against it. Make sure yu’re visible t mtrists (sme e-bikes nw cme with lights). ____17____. (left: extend yur left arm ut t the side; right: extend yur right arm r bend yur left arm up at a right angle). Dn’t talk n the phne, text, r listen t music. And if yu’re an e-bike rider, heed these tips t:
Check yur bike’s cnditin. That starts with checking that the tires are inflated (充气了的) and the brakes are wrking prperly. ____18____, take it fr a tune-up (调整) befre yu take it fr a ride. Fr an e-bike, als make sure yur battery is charged. And befre and after every ride, inspect yur bicycle fr damage.
____19____. This is imprtant fr e-bike riders. With the ability t g faster cmes the respnsibility t knw when yu shuld slw dwn.
Knw the rules f the rad. When yu’re riding in the street, even in a prtected bike lane, read the signals, pay attentin t the lane markings, and check the signage t see where e-bikes are allwed. ____20____.
A. Be aware f yur speed
B. Keep up the high speed f e-bike
C. Knw hw t use yur arm t signal turns
D. If the bicycle hasn’t been used fr a while
E. When yu finish the wrk f checking yur bike
F. This hlds true whether yu’re riding a traditinal bike r an e-bike
G. Signs may specify which types f bikes are allwed n which rads and paths
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. G
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I nticed a dad and his sn at the park. His sn wasn’t able t ____21____, but he seemed cntent sitting in the sand. The dad ____22____ t me that having been in speech therapy (言语治疗) fr years, his sn culd nly make sme sunds and was able t ____23____ eye cntact fr a few secnds. He tld me hw delighted he was t witness the ____24____ and what a pleasure it was t see all f the years f hard wrk ____25____. The father and sn ____26____ and thse few secnds f eye cntact meant the wrld t that dad!
The dad als shared with me that his ____27____ fr his by was t smeday be able t g fr ice cream tgether. Suddenly the sn ____28____ putting his fingers in the sand, lked at his father and said “hi”. Secnds later, the by went back int his wn ____29____. The dad wanted t say smething, but the ____30____ wuld nt cme. Yet what did cme were tears, which cnveyed hw ____31____ he was f his sn.
Althugh they were strangers t me, this event ____32____ me deeply and made me cnsider my ____33____ with my wn father. I hpe that as they cmmunicate further, mre and mre memries will be ____34____ fr them t share. I am cnvinced the feelings held by all ____35____ fathers — their hard wrk, their lve, their pride and their tears f lve — are all the same.
21. A. understandB. cmmunicateC. breatheD. survive
22. A. aplgizedB. prmisedC. explainedD. suggested
23. A. maintainB. awakenC. trackD. remve
24. A. requirementB. entertainmentC. appintmentD. achievement
25. A. put ffB. break ffC. pay ffD. set ff
26. A. extendedB. marchedC. reflectedD. cnnected
27. A. galB. cncernC. decisinD. slutin
28. A. beganB. stppedC. regrettedD. cntinued
29. A. apartmentB. familyC. jurneyD. wrld
30. A. frtunesB. effrtsC. wrdsD. chices
31. A. prudB. ashamedC. tiredD. dubtful
32. A. defeatedB. prmtedC. tuchedD. frightened
33. A. partnershipB. relatinshipC. membershipD. friendship
34. A. hnredB. rescuedC. imaginedD. created
35. A. amazingB. eye-catchingC. wide-rangingD. annying
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
听力答案：1-5. BAACB 6-10. CBCBC 11-15. CBCBA 16-20. AACBA