2024年高考英语一轮复习考点精讲精练（全国通用）第36讲完形填空夹叙夹议文（Word版附解析）

这是一份2024年高考英语一轮复习考点精讲精练（全国通用）第36讲完形填空夹叙夹议文（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了 命题规律及备考策略， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第36讲 完形填空夹叙夹议文（核心考点精讲精练）


1. 三年真题形填空夹叙夹议文考点细目表

试卷
年份
体裁
主题
考查类型
语境
内容
(短语)
动词
名词
(短语)
形容词
(短语)
副词
介词
(短语)
全国乙卷
2023
记叙文
人与自我
完善自我
12
3
5
1
0
全国甲卷
2023
记叙文
人与社会
人际交往
8
4
7
0
1
新高考Ⅰ卷
2023
记叙文
人与社会
人际关系
6
7
2
0
0
新高考Ⅱ卷
2023
记叙文
人与社会
人际关系
7
3
4
1
0
全国卷Ⅰ/
全国乙卷
2022
说明文
人与社会
人际关系
7
7
4
2
0
2021
夹叙夹议
人与社会
人际交往
10
7
1
2
0
2020
夹叙夹议
人与自我
完善自我
6
8
3
2
1
2019
记叙文
人与自然
环境保护
8
7
4
1
0
全国卷Ⅱ/
全国甲卷
2022
记叙文
人与社会
人际交往
8
7
1
3
1
2021
记叙文
人与自我
完善自我
10
5
4
1
0
2020
记叙文
人与社会
文化遗产
11
4
3
2
0
2019
记叙文
人与社会
人际关系
9
5
3
2
1
全国卷Ⅲ
2020
记叙文
人与社会
社会关系
8
3
6
1
2
2019
夹叙夹议
人与自然
人与环境
9
4
5
2
0

2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
近三年设题方式大致可分为语篇层次、句间层次及句内层次三种题型。在难易程度上，句内层次题和句间层次题较容易，考生只需要结合语境理解空格所在句或相邻的几句就可以确定答案，且句内层次、句间层次题考查最多，能保障考生取得基本分数。但高考是选拔性的考试，每篇完形填空总会有那么几个比较难的语篇层次题成为考生取得高分的拦路虎。
语篇层次题：是指空格的答案由整篇文章的内涵决定。
句间层次题：是指空格的答案由与空格相距不远的一组句子决定。
句内层次题：是指空格的答案由空格所在句子决定。
【备考策略】
针对高考夹叙夹议性的完形填空题，备考策略如下：
1． 分析结构，抓住作者观点。
在做题时要借助文章结构，认真体会记叙和议论的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构，从而明白作者的思路。
2． 重视首句，把握文章主题。
首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作目的，为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。
3． 叙议兼顾，理解议论内涵。
夹叙夹议中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基础，而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时，掌握议论部分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合人物心理和行为的描述，全面把握文章才能正确解题。
4． 抓住转换，理清逻辑关系。
抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。
【命题预测】
预计2024年高考完形填空对词汇的考查仍将以实词为主，且突出语境化的特点。在备考过程中，考生应注意夯实基础词汇知识，增加词汇储备量，尤其要注意课标词汇中的多义词、派生词等，同时提高语言运用能力。



题型总览（语篇层次题）
夹叙夹议文：该类文体在高考完形中的占比较高。在阅读该类文体时，无论议论部分在叙述之前、之后或边叙边议，务必要把二者结合起来，要顾及事件与论点的关系，要能从平淡的论述中读出其中深刻的收获或哲理。如2019年高考全国卷Ⅰ讲述了乞力马扎罗山环境的变化。
过去
lots of waste；damage the beauty；glaciers disappear
现在
a clean mountain；environmental challenges are still significant；efforts pay off
旨在呼吁人们去保护这一自然奇观


考点一 一、依情感，识褒贬

在高考完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度或感情色彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。

【2023年全国甲卷】Nowadays supermarket tomatoes ___54 look___ perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a ___55___ memory of those.
55 A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague
解析：根据前文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 　　　34　　　 perfect but taste of water.”可知，超市的西红柿，看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此没有将会有快乐的记忆。故选A项。
答案：A

【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】As for Bailey, she is more ____51____ about why her act is considered a big ____52 deal____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t ____53_leave___ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
解析：根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
答案：C

【2023·天一大联考广东省高三模拟考试（三）】
After a dolphin was found swimming alone in a creek in Florida, marine biologists formed a human chain to save it.
Dolphins typically travel in 41 called a “school” , although solitary(独自的) dolphins are becoming more common. This can be a cause for concern because dolphins are naturally sociable creatures, so if they are 42 , they may turn their attention to human interaction. This in turn can be 43 , both for dolphins and humans.
Dolphins can become 44 rather than feed on their own. 45 , dolphins that are used to human contact spend more time in shallow waters, which can 46 boat crashes. Meanwhile, humans who get too close to dolphins can find themselves 47 .
After 48 that the dolphin had been alone in the creek for a few days, and was near a residential area with 49 for human disturbance, NOAA Fisheries Service decided to 50 . Twenty-eight biologists from the Clearwater Marine Aquarium, NOAA and FWC came together to form a human chain, creating a barrier that could 51 the dolphin out of the creek.
Rescue biologist Brittany Baldrica said,“ The 52 was to just be a barrier that was novel to the animal. We wanted to create a physical barrier as well as a barrier of hearing, so we had somebody behind us that was 53 a boat, revving(使快速运转) its engine and then we were splashing(泼) water and moving forward towards the animal, so we were giving the animal the 54 to swim through the bridge on its own.”
The 55 was successful, with the dolphin making its way out of the creek.273
41．A．series B．lines C．groups D．sessions
42．A．separated B．discovered C．defended D．distinguished
43．A．rewarding B．dangerous C．attractive D．annoying
44．A．sensitive B．hesitant C．dependent D．exceptional
45．A．Strangely B．Initially C．Fortunately D．Additionally
46．A．turn on B．lead to C．take in D．knock at
47．A．injured B．addicted C．refreshed D．dismissed
41．C海豚通常是成群结队的，被称为“豚群”，但孤独的海豚正变得越来越普遍。A. series系列；B. lines线条；C. groups群组；D. sessions会议。根据后文“called a “school” ”可知，海豚通常是成群出现的。故选C。
42．A这可能是引起人们担忧的一个原因，因为海豚天生是社交动物，所以如果它们被分开，它们可能会把注意力转向与人类的互动。A. separated分开；B. discovered发现；C. defended捍卫；D. distinguished区别。根据前文“dolphins are naturally sociable creatures”和“solitary dolphins”可知，海豚天生是群居动物，如果被分开的话，可能会把注意力转向与人类的互动。故选A。
43．B这反过来对海豚和人类都是危险的。A. rewarding有益的；B. dangerous危险的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. annoying令人恼火的。根据后文“which can ______ boat crashes”及“humans who get too close to dolphins can find themselves ______”可知，海豚接近人类对双方都是危险的。故选B。
44．C海豚会变得依赖他人，而不是自己觅食。A. sensitive敏感的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. dependent依赖的；D. exceptional杰出的。根据后文“rather than feed on their own”可知，海豚会变得有依赖性。故选C。
45．D此外，习惯与人类接触的海豚在浅水区待的时间更多，这可能导致船只碰撞。A. Strangely奇怪地；B. Initially最初；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Additionally另外。根据前文“Dolphins can become _____”及后文“which can ______ boat crashes”可知，前后是并列递进关系，进一步描述海豚在浅水区的危害。故选D。
46．B此外，习惯与人类接触的海豚在浅水区待的时间更多，这可能导致船只碰撞。A. turn on打开；B. lead to导致；C. take in吸收；D. knock at敲门。根据后文“boat crashes”可知，海豚在浅水区待的时间更多，这可能导致船只碰撞。故选B。
47．A与此同时，离海豚太近的人可能会受伤。A. injured受伤的；B. addicted上瘾的；C. refreshed恢复精神的；D. dismissed解散的。根据前文“This in turn can be ______, both for dolphins and humans”可知，离海豚太近会有危险。故选A。

考点二 划范畴，前后连

完形填空对词汇的考查与上下文的语境息息相关。明确上下句之间话题的范围有助于确定答案。
　
1.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____44____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____45____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____46____. She couldn’t.
44. A. race B. school C. town D. training
解析：根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
答案：A
45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
解析：根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
答案：C
46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
解析：根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
答案：B
2.　(2023年1月·浙江卷·节选)
The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to witness a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the treetops. Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____43____ .
43．A．urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B. dangerous危险的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. pointless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ________ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。【提醒】此处and是并列关系，空处和difficult的并列关系。


【江苏省淮州中学高三年级最后一卷（2）】Slowly it began to emerge and take shape. The end piece was far from a ___34___ example of carving skills, but it taught me a most valuable lesson—not to give up and to keep my self-doubt in control.
34．A．bad B．disappointing C．perfect D．puzzling
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后这件作品远非雕刻技艺的完美典范，但它教会了我最宝贵的一课——不要放弃，控制住自己的自我怀疑。A. bad 坏的；B. disappointing 令人失望的；C. perfect 完美的；D. puzzling令人困惑的。根据下文“but it taught me a most valuable lesson”可知，本句与下文形成转折，自己的成品不是雕刻技艺完美的体现，但是给自己上了一课。故选C。

考点三 析意群，定答案
在句间层次题中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文的语境暗示来解题，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。

1. (2023·全国甲卷) It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re ___58 on sale___, and as close as possible to where they were ___59_ grown__. What Mario had ___60___ us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
40. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told
解析：。根据前文“It was 　　　43　　　 called Mario, coming to 　　　44　　　 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，应该是马里奥送给作者一家这些美味。故选B项。
答案：A
2. 【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】 Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____46 aid____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____47____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was ____49 assessed____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees.
27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
解析：根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
答案：D
28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
解析：根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
答案：A


【2023·山东省实验中学高三二模】
As usual, Lily bought expensive gifts for her children Alice and Peter before Christmas. Her job kept her busy, and she 41 got to see her children during weekdays. Being a mother, she always wanted to be 42 her children, but she placed her 43 first, thinking earning money was more important.
Lily 44 the gifts in secret and decided to give them a day before Christmas since she had to attend a business meeting the next day. 45 , a day later, the meeting got canceled. Lily was 46 she could spend Christmas with her family. Therefore, she decided to 47 a party. Lily sent 48 to all her friends and her father-in-law, Michael. Lily was worried her friends would not feel 49 in the presence of aged people. Later that day, her children noticed the gifts she had bought. Unexpectedly, neither of them seemed 50 to open the gifts.
41．A．usually B．rarely C．always D．never
42．A．around B．beyond C．without D．for
43．A．family B．heart C．body D．job
44．A．watched B．laid C．hid D．made
45．A．Fortunately B．Eventually C．Suddenly D．Amusingly
46．A．shocked B．touched C．happy D．free
47．A．attend B．throw C．delay D．rule
48．A．blesses B．regards C．letters D．invitations
49．A．confident B．warm C．relaxed D．cool
50．A．shy B．worried C．easy D．eager
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了莉莉工作很忙，很少陪孩子，圣诞节来临时，她给孩子们准备了礼物，但是孩子们对莉莉的礼物并不渴望，而是对爷爷带来的礼物非常感兴趣，这样莉莉意识到孩子们需要的是父母的时间和关注，而不是给他们买了什么礼物。
41．B A. usually通常；B. rarely很少；C. always总是；D. never从不。根据上文“Her job kept her busy”可知，她的工作很忙，所以很少在工作日见到她的孩子，故选B。
42．A A. around围绕；B. beyond超过；C. without没有；D. for为了。根据上文“Being a mother”和常识可知，作为妈妈，都想和自己的孩子在一起，故选A。
43．D A. family家庭；B. heart心；C. body身体；D. job工作。根据下文“thinking earning money was more important”可知，此处是把工作放在第一位，故选D。
44．C A. watched观看；B. laid放置；C. hid隐藏；D. made制造。根据下文“the gifts in secret and decided to give them a day before Christmas”可知，此处是把礼物藏起来，故选C。
45．A A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Eventually最终；C. Suddenly突然；D. Amusingly有趣地。根据下文“the meeting got canceled”可知，会议取消了，她可以和孩子一起过圣诞节，所以是幸运地，故选A。
46．C A. shocked震惊的；B. touched感动的；C. happy高兴的；D. free自由的。根据下文“she could spend Christmas with her family”可知，能和家人一起过圣诞节，应该是高兴的，故选C。
47．B A. attend参加；B. throw举办；C. delay耽搁；D. rule控制。根据下文“a party”可知，她可以和家人一起过圣诞节，因此是决定举办一个聚会，故选B。
48．D A. blesses祝福；B. regards问候；C. letters信件；D. invitations请柬。根据上文可知，她决定举办一个聚会，应该是邀请亲戚朋友，故选D。
49．C A. confident有信心的；B. warm温暖的；C. relaxed自在的；D. cool冷静的。根据本句“Lily was worried her friends would not feel 　　　　 in the presence of aged people.”的语境可知，应该是担心朋友们在老年人面前不自在，故选C。
50．D A. shy害羞的；B. worried担心的；C. easy容易的；D. eager急切的。根据上文“Later that day, her children noticed the gifts she had bought.”可知，出乎意料的，孩子们并未着急开礼物，故选D。




过关检测

（2023·云南保山·统考二模）A few years ago, I was serving customers hamburgers and fries at McDonald’s after graduating from high school in Rogers, but I wanted to do something else.
After the COVID-19 pandemic started, when I saw job 1 for COVID-19 screeners, I decided to leave McDonald’s and start 2 as a COVID-19 screener at Willow Creek Women’s Hospital in Johnson. 3 something more for my life, I went to the University of Arkansas 4 and put “health care” into the search bar. That led me to a phlebotomy (静脉切开术) technician course 5 by the University of Arkansas Global Campus. From there, I saw that I might 6 for federal funding to take the phlebotomy course for free through the Reimagine Arkansas Workforce Project.
By the time I found the Reimagine website, I was working two health-related jobs, which made me a little 7 at first about taking an online course at the same time. But 8 , instead of giving up, I applied and got the funding.
Trying to 9 work and the class was difficult but I was so glad that I 10   it and it’s changed my life. I also finished the externship (校外实习期) 11 with the course. The Highlands Oncology office in Springdale offered me the job of phlebotomist in August before I 12 the externship.
My job as a phlebotomist includes performing venipunctures (静脉穿刺) on patients, and a venipuncture can be very scary, especially with our cancer patients who have 13 such a hard time already. Therefore, we’ve got to be very 14 .
I would really like to encourage you to apply for what you might start as a(n) 15 . It’s super important that we do what we love at work because we’re going to be doing it for the rest of our lives.
1．A．interviews B．applications C．advertisements D．appointments
2．A．learning B．working C．teaching D．travelling
3．A．Seeking B．Appreciating C．Analyzing D．Switching
4．A．newspaper B．website C．office D．library
5．A．stressed B．reflected C．offered D．admitted
6．A．hope B．exchange C．stand D．qualify
7．A．worried B．excited C．embarrassed D．relaxed
8．A．immediately B．unexpectedly C．eventually D．definitely
9．A．combine B．balance C．compare D．benefit
10．A．got B．mentioned C．recognized D．made
11．A．compared B．impressed C．provided D．associated
12．A．competed B．comprised C．completed D．committed
13．A．gone away B．gone through C．broken through D．broken away
14．A．confident B．nervous C．desperate D．careful
15．A．career B．religion C．interest D．enthusiasm

【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．A

【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述自己换工作的经历鼓励人们申请可能已经开始的职业，因为我们在工作中做自己喜欢的事情是非常重要的。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：新冠肺炎大流行开始后，当我看到新冠肺炎筛查员的招聘广告时，我决定离开麦当劳，开始在约翰逊的Willow Creek女子医院担任新冠肺炎筛查员。A. interviews采访；B. applications申请；C. advertisements广告；D. appointments约定。根据下文“as a COVID-19 screener at Willow Creek Women’s Hospital in Johnson”可知，作者换了工作，所以应该是看到了招聘广告。故选C。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第1题详解。A. learning学习；B. working工作；C. teaching教；D. travelling旅行。根据下文“as a COVID-19 screener at Willow Creek Women’s Hospital in Johnson”可知，这是作者的新工作。故选B。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了给我的生活寻找更多的东西，我去了阿肯色大学的网站，并在搜索栏中输入了“医疗保健”。A. Seeking寻找；B. Appreciating欣赏；C. Analyzing分析；D. Switching转换。根据下文“put “health care” into the search bar.”可知，作者是要上网找东西。故选A。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第3题详解。A. newspaper报纸；B. website网站；C. office办公室；D. library图书馆。根据下文“put “health care” into the search bar.”可知，作者是在网站是查找信息。故选B。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我参加了阿肯色大学全球校区提供的静脉切开技术课程。A. stressed强调；B. reflected反思；C. offered提供；D. admitted承认。根据下文“by the University of Arkansas Global Campus.”可知，静脉切开技术课程是由阿肯色大学全球校区提供的。故选C。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那里，我看到我可能有资格通过重塑阿肯色州劳动力项目获得联邦资助，免费参加静脉切开术课程。A. hope希望；B. exchange交换；C. stand站立；D. qualify有资格。根据下文“for federal funding to take the phlebotomy course for free through the Reimagine Arkansas Workforce Project”可知，作者查到他有资格参加静脉切开术课程。故选D。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我找到Reimagine网站时，我正在做两份与健康相关的工作，这让我一开始有点担心同时参加在线课程。A. worried担心的；B. excited兴奋的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. relaxed放松的。根据下文“about taking an online course at the same time”可知，作者担心不能同时做好两份与健康相关的工作。故选A。
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但最终，我没有放弃，而是申请并获得了资助。A. immediately立刻；B. unexpectedly意料之外；C. eventually最后；D. definitely准确地。根据下文“instead of giving up, I applied and got the funding”可知，作者最后成功获得了资助。故选C。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：努力平衡工作和课堂是很困难的，但我很高兴我做到了，这改变了我的生活。A. combine结合；B. balance平衡；C. compare比较；D. benefit有益于。根据上文“By the time I found the Reimagine website, I was working two health-related jobs, which made me a little　　7　　 at first about taking an online course at the same time.”可知，作者刚开始是担心不能平衡好工作和课堂。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第9题详解。A. got得到；B. mentioned提到；C. recognized认出；D. made制作。根据下文“it’s changed my life”可知，作者成功做到了平衡好工作和课堂。故选D。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还完成了与该课程相关的实习。A. compared比较；B. impressed留下印象；C. provided提供；D. associated联系。根据上文“externship”可知，这里应该是指和该课程相关的实习。故选D。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：斯普林代尔的高地肿瘤办公室在我完成实习之前，于8月向我提供了一份抽血医生的工作。A. competed竞争；B. comprised包括；C. completed完成；D. committed承诺。根据上文“The Highlands Oncology office in Springdale offered me the job of phlebotomist in August”可知，作者被提供了一份工作应该是在完成实习之前。故选C。
13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一名静脉切开师，我的工作包括对患者进行静脉穿刺，静脉穿刺可能非常可怕，尤其是对我们的癌症患者来说，他们已经经历了如此艰难的时期。A. gone away走开；B. gone through经历；C. broken through打破；D. broken away脱离。根据上文“especially with our cancer patients”可知，对癌症患者来说，应该是已经经历了非常艰难的时期。故选B。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们必须非常小心。A. confident自信的；B. nervous紧张的；C. desperate绝望的；D. careful认真的，小心的。根据上文“My job as a phlebotomist includes performing venipunctures (静脉穿刺) on patients, and a venipuncture can be very scary, especially with our cancer patients who have 　　13　　 such a hard time already.”可知，对癌症患者来说，应该是已经经历了非常艰难的时期。所以作者不想让他们经历更多的疼痛，所以在对患者进行静脉穿刺的时候，应该是非常小心的。故选D。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的很想鼓励你申请你可能开始的职业。A. career职业；B. religion宗教；C. interest兴趣；D. enthusiasm热情。根据上文“apply for”可知，作者鼓励人们去申请某个职业。故选A。
（2023·重庆·重庆市育才中学校考三模）Once a year, around the time when Christians celebrate Easter, Muslims celebrate Ramadan and Jews celebrate Passover, I often invite my 24-person team to a joyful and special dinner at my place. To 16 the needs of all my team members, I usually 17 different kinds of typical food from different religions.
I think this 18 reflects the wider philosophy(哲学) of my science lab: we aim to be a 19 yet united group of people working in a global scientific network. My lab 20 people with different 21 . One of the most obvious 22 is our religions.
Yet when people 23 my lab, they gather together, first through their common 24 for science, and then as they get to know one another and enjoy spare time activities, we become a cohesive(有凝聚力的) team. I am 25 this cohesion and the new friendships in my lab, and do my best to encourage them.
I’m also really 26 , while looking for new members. I interview many people before I 27 the right ones for my lab. They must be 28 capable(有能力的)of course, but it’s just as important that they’re friendly, interesting and interested in others. They should be prepared to 29 various points of view and cultures.
As the person in charge of the lab, I see preserving a variety of cultural backgrounds as an important part of my job. Such an accessible, varied and supportive 30 promotes new ideas and scientific breakthroughs.
16．A．accommodate B．avoid C．change D．control
17．A．enjoy B．throw C．prepare D．taste
18．A．dream B．tradition C．promise D．debate
19．A．strange B．conservative C．poor D．diverse
20．A．gives up B．turns down C．consists of D．leaves out
21．A．breakthroughs B．backgrounds C．ambitions D．hobbies
22．A．differences B．recipes C．requirements D．standards
23．A．visit B．praise C．join D．aid
24．A．regret B．charge C．sympathy D．love
25．A．surprised at B．proud of C．interested in D．worried about
26．A．curious B．casual C．careful D．relaxed
27．A．thank B．defeat C．compare D．choose
28．A．scientifically B．physically C．mentally D．financially
29．A．respect B．protect C．stand D．doubt
30．A．chance B．position C．lecture D．environment

【答案】
16．A 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．C 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．A 30．D

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者是如何使自己的科研团队成为一个包含不同性别、学术背景和宗教信仰的、有凝聚力的团队。作者认为只有这样的团队才能激发创新并在科学方面取得突破。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了顾及到所有团队成员的需要，我通常会准备不同宗教的典型食物。A. accommodate顾及；B. avoid避免；C. change改变；D. control控制。 根据下文“the needs of all my team members”以及“different kinds of typical food from different religions.”可推知，作者准备了丰富多样的晚餐，以顾及所有学生的需求。故选A项。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了顾及到所有团队成员的需要，我通常会准备不同宗教的典型食物。A. enjoy享受；B. throw扔；C. prepare准备；D. taste品尝。根据下文“different kinds of typical food from different religions.”可知，此处表示作者准备的食物。故选C项。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为这一传统反映了我的科学实验室更广泛的理念：我们的目标是成为一个在全球科学网络中工作的多元化但团结的团队。A. dream梦想；B. tradition传统；C. promise承诺；D. debate争论。根据上下文语境以及该句中的“reflects the wider philosophy(哲学) of my science lab”可推知，作者认为这种传统体现在自己基因学实验室的更广泛的哲学中。故选B项。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为这一传统反映了我的科学实验室更广泛的理念：我们的目标是成为一个在全球科学网络中工作的多元化但团结的团队。A. strange奇怪的；B. conservative保守的；C. poor穷的；D. diverse多元化的。根据下文“yet united group of people working in a global scientific network.”可知，此处表示“我们”的目标是成为一个不同但团结的团体。故选D项。
20．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的实验室由不同背景的人组成。A. gives up放弃；B. turns down拒绝；C. consists of由……组成；D. leaves out遗漏。根据句意以及该句中的“people with different ____6____”可推知，作者的实验室团队由不同背景的人组成。故选C项。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的实验室由不同背景的人组成。A. breakthroughs突破；B. backgrounds背景；C. ambitions雄心；D. hobbies爱好。根据下文“One of the most obvious ____7____ is our religions.”可推知，此处为表示作者实验室的人具有不同的背景。故选B项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最明显的差异之一是我们的宗教信仰。A. differences差异；B. recipes食谱；C. requirements要求；D. standards标准。根据上文内容以及该句中的“is our religions.”可知，但学生们最大的不同之一是他们的宗教信仰。故选A项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当人们加入我的实验室时，他们聚集在一起，首先是因为他们对科学的共同热爱，然后随着他们彼此了解并享受业余活动，我们成为了一个有凝聚力的团队。A. visit拜访；B. praise表扬；C. join加入；D. aid帮助。根据下文“they gather together”可知，此处为表示人们加入了作者的实验室，他们聚集在一起。故选C项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当人们加入我的实验室时，他们聚集在一起，首先是因为他们对科学的共同热爱，然后随着他们彼此了解并享受业余活动，我们成为了一个有凝聚力的团队。A. regret    后悔；B. charge要价，负责；C. sympathy同情；D. love热爱。   根据句意以及下文“and then as they get to know one another and enjoy spare time activities, we become a cohesive(有凝聚力的) team.”可知，此处为人们加入了作者的实验室，他们聚集在一起，首先是凭借着对科学的共同热爱。故选D项。
25．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我为这种凝聚力和实验室里的新朋友感到自豪，并尽我所能鼓励他们。A. surprised at惊讶；B. proud of对……感到自豪；C. interested in对……感兴趣；D. worried about担心。根据上文“we become a cohesive(有凝聚力的) team.”以及下文中“the new friendships in my lab”可知，此处为表示作者为这种凝聚力和实验室里的新朋友感到自豪。故选B项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在寻找新成员的时候，我也非常小心。A. curious好奇的；B. casual随意的；C. careful小心的；仔细的D. relaxed放松的。根据下文“I interview many people before I ____12____ the right ones for my lab.”以及语境可推知，此处为表示作者在为实验室选择合适的人选之前会对学生们进行面试。由此可知，作者对于招生工作是很小心仔细的。故选C项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在为我的实验室选择合适的人之前，我面试了很多人。A. thank感谢；B. defeat战胜；C. compare比较；D. choose选择。根据下文“the right ones for my lab.”可知，此处为表示作者通过面试为自己的实验室挑选合适的人选。故选D项。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当然，他们必须有科学能力，但同样重要的是，他们友好、有趣、对他人感兴趣。A. scientifically科学上的；B. physically身体上的；C. mentally心智的；D. financially财务上的。根据上文中“for my lab”以及下文中的“capable(有能力的)of course”结合语境可知，此处为招收的学生他们必须有科学能力。故选A项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们应该准备好尊重不同的观点和文化。A. respect尊重；B. protect保护；C. stand站立；D. doubt怀疑。根据语境以及该句中的“various points of view and cultures.”可知，此处为表示学生们应该准备好尊重不同的观点和文化。故选A项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种无障碍、多样化和支持性的环境促进了新思想和科学突破。A. chance机会；B. position位置；C. lecture讲座；D. environment环境。根据下文“promotes new ideas and scientific breakthroughs.”以及语境，可推知，此处为只有这种无障碍、多样化和支持性的环境才能促进新思想和科学突破。故选D项。
（2021·广东广州·统考二模）Wildflowers in a mountain meadow(草地) are a gift of nature. But what about those wildflowers blooming along busy 31 ? Well, nature had a 32 .
Claudia Alta “Lady Bird” Johnson, the wife of our thirty-sixth President, Lyndon B．Johnson wanted 33 to be a national priority.
As a little girl growing up in “deep east Texas,” wildflowers helped her get through 34 times. Her mother had died when she was five, and her father 35 most of his time at the general store he owned. Her older brothers were away at school, so Lady Bird turned to nature for 36 . “Nature was my friend and my teacher,” she says, “It was a joy to me, and it’s never 37 me.”
After high school, Lady Bird left home for the University of Texas in Austin. 38 she found joy in nature--in the vast quantities of Texas bluebonnets. It was there that Lady Bird met and fell in love with Lyndon B．Johnson at first sight. He proposed (求婚) to her on their first 39 .
When she became aware of the 40 disappearance of “America the Beautiful” due to land development and pollution, Lady Bird 41 the President to put forward a Highway Beautification Act that allocated (划拨) money to 42 roadsides. The act was passed in 1965.
Lady Bird 43 that many wildflowers, like people, were immigrants. “They crossed nation on the wheels of covered wagons (货车), perhaps 44 in the pockets of children.”
Lady Bird is certainly our First Lady of wildflowers. She has made us see that highways can be beautiful. She is the reason why wildflowers now 45 our travels through almost every state.
31．A．streets B．paths C．highways D．roads
32．A．discoverer B．helper C．creators D．protector
33．A．fortune B．traffic C．beauty D．justice
34．A．frightened B．excited C．disappointed D．lonely
35．A．spent B．wasted C．found D．killed
36．A．company B．mystery C．rescue D．delight
37．A．scared B．ignored C．failed D．attacked
38．A．Often B．Again C．Absolutely D．Naturally
39．A．arrival B．date C．sight D．meeting
40．A．sudden B．complete C．final D．gradual
41．A．convinced B．warned C．reminded D．ordered
42．A．lengthen B．widen C．landscape D．monitor
43．A．let out B．found out C．figured out D．pointed out
44．A．even B．then C．yet D．still
45．A．decide B．guide C．shorten D．brighten

【答案】
31．C 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．A 36．A 37．C 38．B 39．B 40．D 41．A 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．D

【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍在克劳迪娅·阿尔塔·伯德夫人·约翰逊（Claudia Alta“Lady Bird”Johnson）的努力下，高速公路上种满了野花，使得高速公路变得更加美丽。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是那些在繁忙的高速公路上盛开的野花呢？A. streets街道；B. paths小路；C. highways高速公路；D. roads路。根据下文“She has made us see that highways can be beautiful.”可知，这里指美丽的高速公路。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大自然有个帮手。A. discoverer发现者；B. helper助手；C. creators创造者；D. protector保护者。根据下文“When she became aware of the 　　10　　 disappearance of “America the Beautiful” due to land development and pollution, Lady Bird 　　11　　 the President to put forward a Highway Beautification Act that allocated (划拨) money to 　　12　　 roadsides. The act was passed in 1965.”可知，伯德夫人成为了把大自然变美丽的帮手。故选B。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：克劳迪娅·阿尔塔·伯德夫人·约翰逊是我们第三十六任总统林登·贝恩斯·约翰逊的妻子，她希望美丽成为国家的优先事项。A. fortune运气；B. traffic交通；C. beauty美丽；D. justice公平。根据下文“She has made us see that highways can be beautiful.”可知，她想要国家变得更加美丽。故选C。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个在“得克萨斯州东部腹地”长大的小女孩，野花帮助她度过了孤独的时光。A. frightened害怕的；B. excited兴奋的；C. disappointed失望的；D. lonely孤独的。根据下文“Her mother had died when she was five, and her father 　　5　　 most of his time at the general store he owned. Her older brothers were away at school,”可知，伯德夫人小时候是一个人度过的。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的母亲在她五岁时去世，她的父亲大部分时间都在他拥有的杂货店度过。A. spent花费；B. wasted浪费；C. found发现；D. killed杀害。根据下文“most of his time at the general store he owned”可知，这里指父亲花费大部分时间在杂货店里。故选A。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的哥哥们不在学校，所以伯德夫人求助于大自然。A. company陪伴；B. mystery神秘；C. rescue挽救；D. delight高兴。根据下文“Nature was my friend and my teacher”可知，伯德夫人从大自然那里获得了陪伴。故选A。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“大自然是我的朋友和老师，”她说，“这对我来说是一种快乐，从来没有辜负过我。”A. scared吓唬；B. ignored忽视；C. failed失败；D. attacked攻击。根据上文““Nature was my friend and my teacher,” she says, “It was a joy to me”可知，伯德夫人认为大自然是她的好朋友，所以从不会让她失望。故选C。
38．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她又一次在大自然中找到了快乐——在得克萨斯州大量的蓝帽花中。A. Often经常；B. Again再次；C. Absolutely绝对地；D. Naturally自然地。根据下文“It was there that Lady Bird met and fell in love with Lyndon B. Johnson at first sight. He proposed (求婚) to her on their first 　　9　　.”可知，相对于大自然对她的陪伴来说，在大自然中遇到自己的丈夫是又一次从中获得的快乐。故选B。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们第一次约会时，他就向她求婚了。A. arrival到达；B. date约会；C. sight风景；D. meeting遇见。根据上文“He proposed (求婚) to her on their first”可知，这里应该是指他们的第一次约会。故选B。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她意识到由于土地开发和污染，“美丽的美国”逐渐消失时，伯德夫人说服总统提出了一项《公路美化法案》，分配资金美化路边的景观。A. sudden突然的；B. complete完全的；C. final最后的；D. gradual渐渐的。根据下文“due to land development and pollution”可知，因为土地的发展和污染，所以美丽的美国环境应该是渐渐的消失的。故选D。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第10题详解。A. convinced说服；B. warned警告；C. reminded提醒；D. ordered命令。根据下文“the President to put forward a Highway Beautification Act”可知，这应该是伯德夫人说服了丈夫做的事情。故选A。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第10题详解。A. lengthen加长；B. widen加宽；C. landscape美化…的环境；D. monitor管理。根据下文“She has made us see that highways can be beautiful.”可知，伯德夫人是要让高速公路变得更美丽。故选C。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：伯德女士指出，许多野花和人一样，都是移民。A. let out放出；B. found out查明；C. figured out弄清楚；D. pointed out指出。根据下文“that many wildflowers, like people, were immigrants.”可知，这是伯德夫人说的话。故选D。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们坐着有篷马车的轮子穿越这个国家，甚至可能是在孩子们的口袋里。A. even甚至；B. then然后；C. yet然而；D. still仍然。根据上下文意思可知，上下文是递进关系。故选A。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她就是为什么野花现在照亮了我们在几乎每个州的原因。A. decide决定；B. guide引导；C. shorten缩短；D. brighten照亮。根据上文“Lady Bird is certainly our First Lady of wildflowers. She has made us see that highways can be beautiful.”可知，在伯德夫人的努力下，高速公路上种满了野花，所以是野花照亮了几乎每个州。故选D。
（2023·湖南邵阳·统考一模）I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on society. I’ve tried to 46 this goal by choosing a career in public service. As a physician 47 the challenge of infectious diseases, I consider my job a gift, which allows me to help ease the suffering of humankind. I have three principles to 48 my life, which I always think about.
Firstly, I have a strong thirst for 49 . I think I will never know as much as I 50 . This is what keeps the 51 of knowledge hot. And it is why I would do my job every day even if I cannot get high income.
Secondly, I believe in fighting for 52 . I sweat over all the stuff, without feeling 53 for it. One of the byproducts of being a perfectionist is anxiety. But this anxiety creates a 54 tension that drives me to fulfill my limited potential.
Thirdly, I believe that my goal to be a physician is to 55 humankind. I have spent my 56 on public service. Most of it involved research, the care of 57 and the public health policy on AIDS.
I think, to control this terrible disease 58 , I must be guided by these principles: continually thirsting for knowledge, accepting nothing 59 of excellence and knowing that the 60 of society is more important than my gains.
46．A．find B．ignore C．change D．accomplish
47．A．combining with B．comparing with C．agreeing with D．dealing with
48．A．form B．check C．guide D．prove
49．A．power B．knowledge C．adventure D．evidence
50．A．want B．promise C．admit D．refuse
51．A．pursuit B．excuse C．recovery D．necessity
52．A．agreement B．balance C．excellence D．fairness
53．A．embarrassed B．curious C．amused D．regretful
54．A．common B．healthy C．serious D．harmful
55．A．employ B．introduce C．unite D．serve
56．A．reputation B．career C．doubt D．luck
57．A．children B．elders C．patients D．students
58．A．randomly B．occasionally C．successfully D．immediately
59．A．full B．short C．worthy D．typical
60．A．good B．standard C．variety D．arrival

【答案】
46．D 47．D 48．C 49．B 50．A 51．A 52．C 53．D 54．B 55．D 56．B 57．C 58．C 59．B 60．A

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了身为流行病医生的作者为了对社会产生积极影响，一直践行着三条指导生活的原则。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我通过选择公共服务的职业努力达到这个目标。A. find发现；B. ignore忽视；C. change改变；D. accomplish达成。根据上文“I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on society.”可推知，作者想要对社会做出积极的影响，因此选择公共卫生服务方面的职业来达成这个目标。故选D。
47．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：作为一名应对传染病挑战的医生，我认为我的工作是一份礼物，它使我能够帮助减轻人类的痛苦。A. combining with结合；B. comparing with比较；C. agreeing with同意，与……一致；D. dealing with处理，应对。根据下文“which allows me to help ease the suffering of humankind”可知，作者的职业能够减轻人类的痛苦，因此是应对传染病挑战的医生。故选D。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有三个原则来指导我的生活，我总是考虑着它们。A. form形成；B. cheek检查；C. guide指导；D. prove证明。根据下文“I must be guided by these principles”可推知，作者用三个原则来指导自己的生活。故选C。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，我有强烈的求知欲。A. power权力；B. knowledge知识；C. adventure冒险；D. evidence证据。根据下文“This is what keeps the ____6____ of knowledge hot.”可推知，作者总是有很强的求知欲。故选B。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想我永远不会知道我想要的那么多。A. want想要；B. promise许诺；C. admit承认；D. refuse拒绝。根据下文“This is what keeps the ____6____ of knowledge hot.”可知，作者对知识的追求始终热切，因此是认为自己绝没有知道想要的那么多的知识。故选A。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是保持对知识追求的原因。A. pursuit追求；B. excuse借口；C. recovery恢复；D. necessity必需品。根据下文“And it is why I would do my job every day even if I cannot get high income.”可知，作者每天都在做工作，因此是保持对知识的追求。故选A。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：其次，我相信追求卓越。A. agreement协议；B. balance平衡；C. excellence卓越；D. fairness公平。根据下文“One of the byproducts of being a perfectionist is anxiety.”可推知，作者力求做到完美，追求卓越。故选C。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为所有的事情流汗，但并不为此感到后悔。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. curious好奇的；C. amused觉得好笑的；D. regretful后悔的。根据下文“One of the byproducts of being a perfectionist is anxiety.”可知，作者追求完美，因此不会因为为所有的事情流汗出力而感到后悔。故选D。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这种焦虑产生了一种健康的紧张感，驱使我发挥自己有限的潜能。A. common通常的；B. healthy健康的；C. serious严肃的；D. harmful有害的。根据下文“that drives me to fulfill my limited potential”可推知，这种紧张感是健康的。故选B。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三，我认为我成为一名医生的目标是为人类服务。A. employ雇佣；B. introduce介绍；C. unite团结；D. serve服务。根据上文“I consider my job a gift, which allows me to help ease the suffering of humankind”可知，作者认为自己的工作能为人类减轻痛苦，因此是为人类服务。故选D。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的职业生涯都在为公众服务。A. reputation名誉；B. career职业生涯；C. doubt怀疑；D. luck运气。根据上文“by choosing a career in public service”可知，作者将职业生涯投入到为公众服务上。故选B。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中大部分涉及研究，病人的护理和艾滋病公共卫生政策。A. children孩子；B. elders老人；C. patients病人；D. students学生。根据上文“my goal to be a physician”可知，作者是医生，因此是病人的护理。故选C。
58．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我认为要成功地控制这种可怕的疾病，我必须以这些原则为指导：不断渴求知识，不接受任何不卓越的东西，并知道社会的利益比我的收获更重要。A. randomly随机地；B. occasionally偶然；C. successfully成功地；D. immediately立即。根据上文“to control this terrible disease”和下文“continually thirsting for knowledge”可推知，successfully“成功地”符合语境，表示不断地渴求知识，最终成功控制这种可怕的疾病。故选C。
59．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为要成功地控制这种可怕的疾病，我必须以这些原则为指导：不断渴求知识，不接受任何不卓越的东西，并知道社会的利益比我的收获更重要。A. full满的；B. short短暂的；C. worthy值得的；D. typical典型的。根据上文“One of the byproducts of being a perfectionist is anxiety.”可知，作者追求完美，因此不接受任何不卓越的东西，nothing short of为固定短语，意为“简直就是，无异于……”。故选B。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为要成功地控制这种可怕的疾病，我必须以这些原则为指导：不断渴求知识，不接受任何不卓越的东西，并知道社会的利益比我的收获更重要。A. good利益；B. standard标准；C. variety多样性；D. arrival到达。根据上文“I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on society.”可知，作者觉得自己有责任对社会产生积极的影响，因此是知道社会的利益比个人的收获更重要。故选A。
（2023·湖南长沙·长郡中学校考模拟预测）When I was in sixth grade, I joined the band program to learn to play the clarinet (单簧管). The beginning of the year had gone 61 . But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind. One day, when my teacher told us to play in front of the other students. I was filled with fear. I knew I would 62 . When I began to play, my rhythms (节奏) were good, but my tone was another 63 . “Did you practice your lesson?” the teacher barked at me. I felt so ashamed and my world came 64 down in an instant.
From then on, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting 65 . With the day of the new performance approaching, I grew increasingly upset. In a moment of 66 , I asked for sick leave. It was so relieving and such a(n) easy way out.
The avoidance of my lessons continued until my mum asked me about it. “I want to quit.” My tears started 67 . “If you really want to quit, why are you crying?” asked Mum. She 68 and I realized I wanted to stay in band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to 69 out of. I made a resolution not to hide from my fears and to stand up to even the worst of them, so a 70 could be achieved.
The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem and couldn’t 71 why. She asked me gently to play for her. I tried, but only an unpleasant sound came out. She didn’t shout at me and handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. To my great 72 I could play well. My problem was solved and my fear was 73 a lot that year.
Looking back, I’m glad that I overcame my fear. Fear can 74 everything in a person’s life. Hiding from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay 75 inside. After facing up to a fear, one may find life easier and much more enjoyable.
61．A．badly B．endlessly C．randomly D．smoothly
62．A．mess up B．move on C．set out D．take off
63．A．impression B．essay C．story D．factor
64．A．crashing B．moving C．selling D．bending
65．A．stricter B．worse C．happier D．smarter
66．A．joy B．panic C．doubt D．sympathy
67．A．drying B．disappearing C．flowing D．separating
68．A．had a point B．made a change C．reached a level D．took a break
69．A．send B．bring C．pick D．climb
70．A．balance B．degree C．position D．solution
71．A．figure out B．give away C．think over D．make up
72．A．anger B．sorrow C．disappointment D．surprise
73．A．felt B．shown C．removed D．voiced
74．A．consume B．examine C．reflect D．rescue
75．A．unknown B．unpunished C．interested D．trapped

【答案】
61．D 62．A 63．C 64．A 65．B 66．B 67．C 68．A 69．D 70．D 71．A 72．D 73．C 74．A 75．D

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过克服了演奏单簧管的恐惧领悟到了恐惧会消耗人的生活，逃避它，只会创造一个无法爬出来的洞，面对它，人生会变得更加轻松和愉快。
61．考查副词短语辨析。句意：年初过得很顺利。A. badly糟糕地；B. endlessly无止境地；C. randomly随机地；D. smoothly顺利地。根据下句“But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind.(但随着大多数学生的进步，我似乎落后了)”可知，But前后表示转折，But后说慢慢地自己落后了，所以这里应是说这一年刚开始的时候很顺利。故选D。
62．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我知道我会搞砸的。A. mess up搞砸，弄糟；B. move on继续前进；C. set out出发；D. take off起飞。根据前句“I was filled with fear.(我充满了恐惧。)”可知，作者内心恐惧，感觉自己会演奏不好，把事情搞砸。故选A。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始演奏时，我的节奏很好，但我的音调是另一回事。A. impression印象；B. essay文章；C. story故事，描述；D. factor。but前后表示转折，前面“my rhythms(节奏) were good”讲作者的节奏好，所以这里是说自己的音调不好。another story意为“另一回事，不同情况(通常指不好的一面)”。故选C。
64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩溃了。A. crashing崩溃，坍塌；B. moving移动；C. selling出售；D. bending弯曲。根据句中的“I felt so ashamed”可知，受到老师的指责后，作者很羞愧，世界崩溃了。故选A。
65．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：从那时起，我讨厌吹单簧管，而且我越来越糟。A. stricter更严厉的；B. worse更糟的；C. happier更开心的；D. smarter更聪明的。根据句中的“hated playing the clarinet”可知，因为讨厌弹簧管，作者的表现变得越来越糟糕。故选B。
66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一阵恐慌中，我请了病假。A. joy高兴；B. panic恐慌；C. doubt怀疑；D. sympathy同情。根据下文中的“my fears”可知，这里是fear的同义词复现，表示作者很恐慌。故选B。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的眼泪开始流下来。A. drying（使）变干；B. disappearing消失；C. flowing流；D. separating（使）分开。根据下文中的“why are you crying”可知，作者哭了。故选C。
68．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她说得有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，而且因为我没有面对自己的恐惧，我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. had a point说得有道理；B. made a change做出改变；C. reached a level达到一个水平；D. took a break休息。根据空后的“and I realized...”可知，妈妈的话让作者意识到了自己的问题，所以妈妈的话很有道理。故选A。
69．考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. send发送；B. bring带来；C. pick捡起；D. climb爬。根据前面的“a black hole”可知，这个黑洞难以爬出来。故选D。
70．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心不逃避自己的恐惧，即使是最糟糕的恐惧也要勇敢面对，这样才能找到解决方案。A. balance平衡；B. degree程度；C. position位置；D. solution结局方案。根据下文中的“My problem was solved”可知，作者要找到解决方案解决自己的问题。故选D。
71．考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，我见了我的乐队老师，告诉她我遇到了一个问题，不知道为什么这样。A. figure out弄清楚；B. give away泄露；C. think over仔细考虑；D. make up编造，化妆。根据空后的“why”可知，作者不知道为什么会出现这个问题。故选A。
72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我能演奏得很好。A. anger气愤；B. sorrow悲伤；C. disappointment失望；D. surprise惊讶。根据空后的“I could play well”可知，换了新的簧片之后，作者惊讶地发现自己能演奏好了。故选D。
73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一年，我的问题得到了解决，我的恐惧也消除了很多。A. felt感觉；B. shown显示；C. removed消除；D. voiced表达。根据下文中的“I overcame my fear”可知，作者那年的恐惧消除了许多。故选C。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：恐惧会吞噬一个人生活中的一切。A. consume消耗，毁灭；B. examine检查；C. reflect反映；D. rescue拯救。根据下句“Hiding from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay 　　15　　inside.(躲避这些恐惧只会产生一个洞，让人被困在里面。)”可知，逃避会让人一直困在恐惧当中，这会消耗人生活当中的一切。故选A。
75．考查形容词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. unknown未知的；B. unpunished未受惩罚的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. trapped受困的。这里与上文中的“created a black hole that would be difficult to 　　9　　out of”相照应，说明这个洞会让人一直困在里面，难以爬出来。故选D。
（2023·安徽合肥·合肥一六八中学校考三模）I’m not a barber but I cut my 5-year-old son’s hair. Normally, it would be 76 to get him to sit down for a mere 5 minutes, let alone 20.
Anyway, I began a haircut 77 the other day with a firm speech, “Ethan, I need you to sit 78 and behave yourself.” Strangely enough, he 79 to do it for the first 7 minutes. Then he started to swing his legs and arms and 80 . My speech now sounded more like 81 , “Please Ethan, don’t move. When it’s done, it’ll make a 82 and you shall get some candy.”
I tried my best to calm him down and it was somewhat 83 . This was only because I took some time to explain the 84 and how he’d look different after that. When he understood the purpose, he was 85 to sit through the discomfort to obtain the 86 at the end. I had just taught my son how to be 87 .
All things come to those who 88 , as life experiences are just like getting a haircut. If we learn to not 89 and give the barber a chance to finish our haircut, we can 90 looking better than we ever had our entire life.
76．A．urgent B．challenging C．meaningless D．reachable
77．A．outline B．account C．timetable D．adventure
78．A．indoors B．close C．still D．alone
79．A．continued B．managed C．failed D．attempted
80．A．renew B．stop C．complain D．laugh
81．A．appealing B．attractive C．demanding D．decisive
82．A．wish B．career C．fortune D．difference
83．A．disturbing B．risky C．successful D．flexible
84．A．phenomenon B．reason C．concept D．association
85．A．willing B．afraid C．free D．unable
86．A．degree B．brand C．prize D．knowledge
87．A．ambitious B．hardworking C．independent D．patient
88．A．share B．wait C．pursue D．care
89．A．interrupt B．offend C．worry D．rush
90．A．come out B．pull over C．put off D．stand by

【答案】
76．B 77．D 78．C 79．B 80．C 81．A 82．D 83．C 84．B 85．A 86．C 87．D 88．B 89．D 90．A

【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述作者带儿子去理发的过程告诉我们，耐心等待之后的结果就是成功。
76．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，让他只坐5分钟是很有挑战性的，更不用说20分钟了。A. urgent急迫的；B. challenging有挑战的；C. meaningless无意义的；D. reachable可到达的。根据下文“let alone 20”可知，让儿子坐5分钟是很有挑战性的。故选B。
77．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管怎样，前几天我开始了一次理发冒险，发表了一篇坚定的演讲，“伊森，我需要你坐着不动，规规矩矩。”A. outline概述；B. account账户；C. timetable时间表；D. adventure冒险。根据下文“Ethan, I need you to sit 　　3　　 and behave yourself.”可知，这样做是很冒险的事情，作者不确定能不能做好。故选D。
78．考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第2题详解。A. indoors在室内；B. close近；C. still一动不动地；D. alone一个人。根据下文“behave yourself”可知，作者想让儿子坐在一动不动。故选C。
79．考查动词词义辨析。句意：奇怪的是，他在头7分钟就做到了。A. continued继续；B. managed努力；C. failed失败；D. attempted试图。根据上文“Strangely enough”可知，伊森的表现很让作者吃惊和满意，所以他应该是在头7分钟成功做到了一动不动。故选B。
80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他开始摆动腿和胳膊，并且抱怨。A. renew更新；B. stop停止；C. complain抱怨；D. laugh笑。根据上文“Then he started to swing his legs and arms”可知，伊森这个时候不能坚持坐在一动不动了，所以应该是开始抱怨了。故选C。
81．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的演讲现在听起来更像是在恳求，“请伊森，不要动。当它完成后，它会有所不同，你会得到一些糖果。”A. appealing恳求的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. demanding要求高的；D. decisive果断的。根据下文“Please Ethan, don’t move.”可知，作者是在恳求儿子。故选A。
82．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A. wish希望；B. career职业；C. fortune运气；D. difference不同。根据上文“When it’s done,”可知，作者跟儿子说，如果完成了，结果将会不一样。故选D。
83．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我尽力使他平静下来，结果多少有些成功。A. disturbing打扰的；B. risky冒险的；C. successful成功的；D. flexible灵活的。根据上文“When he understood the purpose, he was 　　10　　 to sit through the discomfort to obtain the 　　11　　 at the end.”可知，作者最后成功让儿子安静下来了。故选C。
84．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这只是因为我花了一些时间来解释原因，以及在那之后他会有什么不同。A. phenomenon现象；B. reason原因；C. concept概念；D. association关系。根据下文“he understood the purpose”可知，作者给儿子解释了让他安静下来的原因。故选B。
85．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他明白了目的后，他愿意坐在那里度过不适，最终获得奖品。A. willing愿意的；B. afraid害怕的；C. free自由的；D. unable不能的。根据上文“When he understood the purpose”可知，儿子理解了目的，所以愿意安静下来。故选A。
86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第10题详解。A. degree水平；B. brand品牌；C. prize奖品；D. knowledge知识。根据下文“at the end”可知，最后应该是赢得了奖品。故选C。
87．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我刚刚教儿子如何保持耐心。A. ambitious有抱负的；B. hardworking工作努力的；C. independent独立的；D. patient有耐心的。根据上文“I tried my best to calm him down and it was somewhat 　　8　　.”可知，作者教会儿子的应该是要有耐心。故选D。
88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一切都会降临到那些等待的人身上，因为生活经历就像理发一样。A. share分享；B. wait等待；C. pursue追求；D. care关心。根据上文“he was 　　10　　 to sit through the discomfort to obtain the 　　11　　 at the end.”可知，最后的成功是需要等待的。故选B。
89．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们学会不着急，给理发师一个完成理发的机会，我们就会看起来比我们一生中任何时候都好看。A. interrupt打扰；B. offend得罪；C. worry担心；D. rush冲，急促。根据下文“give the barber a chance to finish our haircut”可知，要想理发师完成理发，就不能着急。故选D。
90．考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第14题详解。A. come out出来；B. pull over靠边停车；C. put off推迟；D. stand by袖手旁观。根据下文“looking better than we ever had our entire life”可知，这是耐心等待之后最后的结果。故选A。
（2023·浙江·校联考模拟预测）It was a dream born in fire. Andrea Peterson was 5 when she and her mother were trapped in a burning building.
“Throw the kid down!” said the firemen 91 . Little Andrea jumped into lifesaving arms and also a lifelong 92 : She wanted to fight fires like her rescuers did.
She told that to the firemen but they just 93 good-naturally like grown-ups often do when kids talk about their big 94 . You know, it was back in a time when girls weren’t even allowed to 95 such grand goals.
“You’ll be a good mommy,” the firemen told her. “You’ll be a good teacher, maybe you’ll be a nurse, but you can never be a(an) 96 .”
As it often happened, reality 97 her dream. She was sent to a flight school, 98 she met her husband, Dennis, who was later diagnosed with cancer. Peterson spent 31 years 99 him. In 2007, when Dennis was coming to the end of his struggle, he was at peace 100 worried for Peterson: “But what are you going to do?”
“I’ll be fine,” she told him.
At 61, Peterson went on an ambulance ride-along. She felt that long-ago childhood 101 . She earned her emergency medical technician 102 and responded to fire calls with the ambulance. Her years of tending to Dennis had 103 her for dealing with various hurts and ills.
After a year, she told her boss she wanted to be a firefighter.
In the firefighter training unit, everyone else was between 18 and 21, but it didn’t 104 Peterson. She passed the written test, cleared the physical and, 105 , that little girl’s dream came true.
91．A．above B．beside C．around D．below
92．A．expectation B．ambition C．destination D．inspiration
93．A．laughed B．supported C．criticized D．neglected
94．A．attempts B．purposes C．dreams D．arrangements
95．A．figure B．anticipate C．guess D．imagine
96．A．rescuer B．astronaut C．fireman D．sportsman
97．A．failed B．achieved C．followed D．realized
98．A．what B．where C．when D．why
99．A．coping with B．relying on C．caring for D．facing to
100．A．therefore B．still C．otherwise D．yet
101．A．feeling B．saying C．meaning D．calling
102．A．passport B．allowance C．license D．reputation
103．A．prepared B．supplied C．excused D．applauded
104．A．disappoint B．discourage C．discriminate D．dismiss
105．A．definitely B．gradually C．eventually D．constantly

【答案】
91．D 92．B 93．A 94．C 95．D 96．C 97．A 98．B 99．C 100．D 101．D 102．C 103．A 104．B 105．C

【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述安德里亚﹒彼得森小时候经历了一次大火之后就励志要做一名消防员，但是在她那个年代，女孩子甚至都不允许想象如此宏伟的目标。但是，在她62岁的时候仍然努力完成了这个梦想。
91．考查介词词义辨析。句意：下面的消防员说：“把孩子扔下来！”A. above在上方；B. beside在旁边；C. around在周围；D. below在下面。根据上文“Throw the kid down!”可知，消防员在他们下面。故选D。
92．考查名词词义辨析。句意：小安德里亚投入了拯救生命的怀抱，也是她毕生的抱负：她想像她的救援人员一样灭火。A. expectation期待；B. ambition抱负；C. destination目的地；D. inspiration鼓舞。根据下文“She wanted to fight fires like her rescuers did.”可知，这是小安德里亚的抱负。故选B。
93．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把这件事告诉了消防员，但他们只是善意地笑着，就像成年人在孩子们谈论他们的远大梦想时经常做的那样。A. laughed笑；B. supported支持；C. criticized评论；D. neglected忽视。根据下文“like grown-ups often do when kids talk about their big 　　4　　. You know, it was back in a time when girls weren’t even allowed to 　　5　　 such grand goals.”可知，消防员听到她的想法之后只是善意地笑笑，没有认真。故选A。
94．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第3题详解。A. attempts试图；B. purposes目的；C. dreams梦想；D. arrangements安排。根据上文“kids talk about their big”可知，这里指孩子们讨论的伟大梦想。故选C。
95．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你知道，那是在一个女孩甚至不被允许想象如此宏伟目标的时代。A. figure计算；B. anticipate参与；C. guess猜测；D. imagine想象。根据下文“such grand goals”可知，在当时，对于宏伟的目标，女孩子们连想像一下都不可以。故选D。
96．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你会成为一个好妈妈的，”消防员告诉她。“你会是一名好老师，也许你会成为一名护士，但你永远不可能成为一名消防员。”A. rescuer实救者；B. astronaut宇航员；C. fireman消防员；D. sportsman运动员。根据上文“Little Andrea jumped into lifesaving arms and also a lifelong 　　2　　: She wanted to fight fires like her rescuers did.”和“You know, it was back in a time when girls weren’t even allowed to 　　5　　 such grand goals.”可知，那些消防员们认为她不可能会成为消防员。故选C。
97．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如经常发生的那样，现实辜负了她的梦想。A. failed失败；B. achieved完成；C. followed跟随；D. realized意识到。根据下文“She was sent to a flight school, 　　8　　 she met her husband, Dennis, who was later diagnosed with cancer. Peterson spent 31 years 　　9　　 him. In 2007, when Dennis was coming to the end of his struggle, he was at peace 　　10　　 worried for Peterson: “But what are you going to do?”
”可知，现实辜负了她的梦想。故选A。
98．考查连词词义辨析。句意：她被送往一所飞行学校，在那里她遇到了丈夫丹尼斯，后者后来被诊断出患有癌症。A. what什么；B. where哪里；C. when何时；D. why为何。根据上文“a flight school”可知，这里指在这所学校，她遇到了丈夫丹尼斯。　　8　　 she met her husband是定语从句，先行词a flight school在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故选B。
99．考查动词短语辨析。句意：彼得森花了31年时间照顾他。A. coping with应付；B. relying on依赖；C. caring for照顾；D. facing to面对。根据上文“Dennis, who was later diagnosed with cancer.”可知，丈夫得了癌症，所以她应该是照顾他。故选C。
100．考查副词词义辨析。句意：2007年，当丹尼斯的斗争即将结束时，他平静下来，但又为彼得森担心：“但你打算怎么办？”A. therefore因此；B. still仍然；C. otherwise否则；D. yet然而。根据上下文意思可知，上下文是转折关系。故选D。
101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她感觉到很久以前童年的呼唤。A. feeling感觉；B. saying说；C. meaning打算；D. calling喊。根据上文“She felt that long-ago childhood”可知，这里指她童年的梦想在呼唤她。故选D。
102．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她获得了急救技师执照，并用救护车对火警做出反应。A. passport护照；B. allowance允许；C. license执照；D. reputation名声。根据上文“emergency medical technician”可知，她得到的是专业执照证书。故选C。
103．考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，她对丹尼斯的照顾为她应对各种伤害和疾病做好了准备。A. prepared准备；B. supplied提供；C. excused借口；D. applauded鼓掌。根据上文“Her years of tending to Dennis”可知，这里指她对丈夫丹尼斯的照顾为她应对各种伤害和疾病做好了准备。故选A。
104．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在消防员培训单位，其他人的年龄都在18岁到21岁之间，但这并没有让彼得森气馁。A. disappoint失望；B. discourage泄气；C. discriminate歧视；D. dismiss解雇。根据上文“everyone else was between 18 and 21”可知，这里指其他人都是年轻人，只有她自己是62岁的老年人，但是她仍然没有放弃。故选B。
105．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她通过了笔试，通过了体检，最终，那个小女孩的梦想实现了。A. definitely准确地；B. gradually渐渐地；C. eventually最终；D. constantly不断地。根据下文“that little girl’s dream came true.”可知，这是她最终努力的结果。故选C。
（2023·江苏镇江·统考模拟预测）Recently an old friend reached out to me to ask about the success I’ve had in my life and how I achieved it. He has similar goals as me: get in shape, get into 106 more seriously, and be fluent in Japanese.
107 I haven’t entirely achieved my long term goals yet in any of these 3 categories, he’s seen that I’ve made some 108 on my journey to achieving these goals and wanted my 109 .
We had a nice hour and a half 110 on the phone about this and it seemed that he was pretty 111 in the end. A week went by and he told me that he signed up for a personal fitness trainer, is studying music theory, and 112 me video clips (片段) of him studying Japanese. He’s posting 113 on social media about all of the progress he’s making. He’s doing great!
I’ll have to let him know that progress isn’t linear (直线的) and that he’ll eventually hit some bumps (凸块) in the 114 , but I will help him out when that bump 115 .
I’m grateful for him giving me the 116 to give him advice, and I’m glad to see that he’s investing the time and money to 117 his life. He even posted about how thrilled he is with all the recent 118 in his life.
Even if you’re still not where you want to be, there are a lot of people out there who want what you have and who are impressed with how far you’ve come. It’s good to 119 how far you’ve come, be proud of yourself, and recognize how much you can help others 120 the same.
106．A．trouble B．labor C．music D．science
107．A．Though B．If C．Since D．Unless
108．A．sense B．money C．prediction D．progress
109．A．policy B．advice C．warning D．congratulation
110．A．negotiation B．debate C．chat D．argument
111．A．annoyed B．offended C．shocked D．motivated
112．A．left B．owed C．fetched D．sent
113．A．permanently B．temporarily C．regularly D．suddenly
114．A．road B．game C．mirror D．campaign
115．A．flies B．comes C．ends D．stops
116．A．opportunity B．right C．freedom D．ability
117．A．share B．improve C．affect D．protect
118．A．risks B．purposes C．examples D．changes
119．A．describe B．suggest C．realize D．decide
120．A．record B．achieve C．explain D．announce

【答案】
106．C 107．A 108．D 109．B 110．C 111．D 112．D 113．C 114．A 115．B 116．A 117．B 118．D 119．C 120．B

【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过和朋友分享自己的成功经验表达了帮助别人进步所产生的快乐。
106．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他和我有相似的目标：保持身材，更认真地接触音乐，流利地说日语。A. trouble麻烦；B. labor劳动；C. music音乐；D. science科学。根据后文“studying music theory”可知，他们都想接触音乐。故选C项。
107．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我还没有完全实现这三个方面的长期目标，但他看到我在实现这些目标的过程中取得了一些进步，并想要我的建议。A. Though虽然；B. If如果；C. Since自从；D. Unless除非。后文“he’s seen that I’ve made some 　　3　　 on my journey to achieving these goals and wanted my 　　4　　.”和“I haven’t entirely achieved my long term goals yet in any of these 3 categories,”之间是转折关系。故选A项。
108．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我还没有完全实现这三个方面的长期目标，但他看到我在实现这些目标的过程中取得了一些进步，并想要我的建议。A. sense感觉；B. money钱；C. prediction预测；D. progress进步。根据语境和后文“to achieving these goals”可知，虽然作者没有完全达到目标，但取得了进步。故选D项。
109．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我还没有完全实现这三个方面的长期目标，但他看到我在实现这些目标的过程中取得了一些进步，并想要我的建议。A. policy政策；B. advice建议；C. warning警告；D. congratulation祝贺。根据前文“he’s seen that I’ve made some 　　3　　 on my journey to achieving these goals ”可知，他想要作者的建议。故选B项。
110．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在电话里聊了一个半小时，最后他似乎很有积极。A. negotiation谈判；B. debate辩论；C. chat聊天；D. argument争论。根据前文“ he’s seen that I’ve made some 　　3　　 on my journey to achieving these goals and wanted my 　　4　　.”和“on the phone”可知，我们电话聊天。故选C项。
111．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们在电话里聊了一个半小时，最后他似乎很有积极性。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. offended冒犯的；C. shocked震惊的；D. motivated积极的。根据后文“A week went by and he told me that he signed up for a personal fitness trainer, is studying music theory”可知，朋友很有积极性。故选D项。
112．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个星期过去了，他告诉我他请了一个私人健身教练，正在学习音乐理论，还给我发了他学习日语的视频片段。A. left离开；B. owed拥有；C. fetched取；D. sent寄，发。根据语境和后文“me video clips (片段) of him studying Japanese”可知，他给作者发了视频。故选D项。
113．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他定期在社交媒体上发布他取得的所有进展。A. permanently永久地；B. temporarily暂时地；C. regularly规律地；D. suddenly突然地。根据语境和后文“on social media about all of the progress he’s making”并结合选项可知，他定期在网上发布取得的进展。故选C项。
114．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我必须让他知道进步不是直线的，前进的道路上他最终会遇到一些困难，但当困难来临时我会帮助他。A. road道路；B. game游戏；C. mirror镜子；D. campaign运动。根据前文“he’ll eventually hit some bumps (凸块)”可知，前进的道路是曲折的。故选A项。
115．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须让他知道进步不是直线的，前进的道路上他最终会遇到一些困难，但当困难来临时我会帮助他。A. flies飞；B. comes来；C. ends结束；D. stops停止。根据前文“I will help him out”可知，当困难来临时，我会帮助他。故选B项。
116．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很感激他给我机会给他建议，我很高兴看到他投入时间和金钱来改善他的生活。A. opportunity机会；B. right权利；C. freedom自由；D. ability能力。根据前文“I’m grateful for him giving me”和后文“to give him advice”可知，他给了作者给他建议的机会。故选A项。
117．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很感激他给我机会给他建议，我很高兴看到他投入时间和金钱来改善他的生活。A. share分享；B. improve提高；C. affect影响；D. protect保护。根据前文“he’s investing the time and money”和后文“his life”可知，他将改善生活。故选B项。
118．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他甚至在帖子中表示，他对最近生活中的变化感到非常兴奋。A. risks风险；B. purposes目的；C. examples例子；D. changes变化。根据前文“how thrilled he is”可知，他最近生活发生好的变化。故选D项。
119．考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道你已经走了多远，为自己感到骄傲，并意识到你可以帮助别人取得同样的成就，这是件好事。A. describe描写；B. suggest建议；C. realize意识到；D. decide决定。根据后文“be proud of yourself”可知，认识到到自己的进步而感到自豪。故选C项。
120．考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道你已经走了多远，为自己感到骄傲，并意识到你可以帮助别人取得同样的成就，这是件好事。A. record记录；B. achieve实现，达到；C. explain解释；D. announce宣布。基于前文分析可知，作者帮助朋友取得了进步，所以说，你可以帮助别人实现同样的成就。故选B项。
真题演练
2021年完形填空夹叙夹议文(20空)

Close 1
【2021年全国乙卷】Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___42___ of gratitude(感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___45___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___46___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was ___49___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge we shared in her _____50_____ at her recovery. As she was _____51_____ she was eager to say _____52_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____53_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____54_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____55_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____56_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____57_____ I had. I take that as a _____58_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people,_____59_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _____60_____ and should be rewarded.
41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
55 A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B
51. D 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. D
【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人为例，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist化学家，药剂师；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。根据下文的“as she was 11 she was eager to say 12 to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，当时作者是一名护士。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语，那会容易得多。A. grades分数，级别，程度；B. meanings意思；C. needs需求；D. expectations期待。根据上文的“simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations”可知，作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词，那么感谢就容易得多了。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的想法很快就进行了测验。A. brushed aside撇开；B. put to the test经受考验，接受……的考验；C. brought under discussion在讨论中；D. taken into account考虑。结合下文讲述女病人对护士们的所为，可知作者的想法立即接受了测验。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复。A. departing出发，离开；B. escaping逃跑；C. retiring退休；D. recovering恢复。结合下文提到手术和病人从床上摔下来可知，病人正在恢复中。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. attempting试图，尝试；B. choosing选择；C. pausing暂停；D. promising承诺。结合上文提到这是个膝盖有伤的病人，可推知她尝试着自己上床。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. eventually最后；B. fortunately幸运地；C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘密地。结合上文病人是因为膝盖置换手术而住院，由此可知，此处是指最终发现摔倒是因为心脏病。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A. assessing评估；B. requiring需要；C. forming形成；D. proving证明。根据“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要想把病人治好需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然很慢，但她恢复了，四周后就可以出院了。A. slightly轻微地；B. accidently意外地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. happily幸福地。根据上文的“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要从灾难性的病痛中恢复一定很慢。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的；D. fearful恐惧的。结合下文女病人离开前和大家一一道别，推知她对大家的付出表示感激。故选A。
50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A. surprise惊喜；B. delight喜悦；C. curiosity好奇心；D. disappointment失望。根据下文的“her recovery”可知，此处是指分享她康复的喜悦。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. operating手术；B. thinking思考；C. hesitating犹豫；D. leaving离开。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，所以此处是指当她即将离开医院时。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. sorry抱歉；B. hello你好；C. goodbye再见；D. yes同意。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，由此推知她对护理团队的人告别，say goodbye to sb.“和某人告别”符合语境。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走到一个护士身边时，她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在她手里。A. reached到达；B. consulted咨询；C. introduced介绍；D. persuaded说服。结合上文提到女病人出院时要和护士们一一道别可知，此处是指她走到一个护士的身边，用“reach”符合语境。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. wished希望；B. pretended假装；C. failed失败；D. refused拒绝。结合常识和下文的“we were all just 13 our job”可知，作者的同事拒绝收下女士给的钱。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. enjoying享受；B. doing做；C. securing获得，保护；D. starting开始。根据上文提到作者的同事拒绝收下钱可推知，她认为照顾病人只是做了自己应该做的事情而已。故选B。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. repeated重复；B. recited背诵；C. replied回答，回应；D. reported报道。结合上文作者同事说照顾女士是自己的工作，不应该得到额外的礼物可知，此处是女病人对同事说的话的回应。故选C。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. courage勇气；B. patience耐心；C. duty职责；D. care照顾。根据下文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知，女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的五英镑。故选D。
【58题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. goal目标；B. given该给的东西；C. push推力；D. greeting招呼。根据上文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”推知，女病人认为她得到的照顾是护士们应该给她的（东西）。故选B。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但发型是额外的，应该得到奖励。A. risking冒险；B. changing改变；C. saving拯救，挽救；D. building建设。根据上文内容可知，医生和护理团队拯救了女病人的生命可知，此处指很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。故选C。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额外的事情，应该得到奖励。A. honour荣誉；B. ability能力；C. opening开口处；D. extra额外的东西。根据下文的“To many people， 19 lives is part of the job”和“but”可知，此处指做发型是本职工作以外的事情，即额外做的事情，应该得到奖励。故选D。
Close 2
【2021年浙江卷1月】 Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to 16 on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA．Three months later I 17 myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was 18 at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of 19 , my worries had gone. Everyone was so 20 and like-minded that it was very 21 to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 22 . We had to 23 everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 24 way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to 25 a stairway out of rock. This 26 climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never 27 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The 28 of knowing that my 29 will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were 30 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to 31 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 32 part of my tent.
33 , I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 34 . I think I am much 35 for having taken part in the project.
16．A．calculate B．negotiate C．advertise D．research
17．A．imagined B．introduced C．enjoyed D．found
18．A．annoyed B．surprised C．scared D．excited
19．A．arriving B．sleeping C．thinking D．walking
20．A．confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious
21．A．funny B．good C．lucky D．easy
22．A．tour B．project C．campaign D．course
23．A．drop B．make C．carry D．buy
24．A．nice B．safe C．long D．quick
25．A．build B．test C．clean D．guard
26．A．helped B．ended C．allowed D．meant
27．A．hunted B．trained C．seen D．fed
28．A．satisfaction B．ambition C．expectation D．intention
29．A．work B．memory C．record D．story
30．A．left B．caught C．attacked D．separated
31．A．boiling B．average C．normal D．freezing
32．A．tidy B．dry C．new D．soft
33．A．By the way B．Regardless of that C．Needless to say D．In either case
34．A．survived B．resisted C．escaped D．recovered
35．A．smarter B．stronger C．happier D．busier
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会，虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。
16．D考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始在网上查询并且发现“美国志愿者”。A. calculate计算；B. negotiate协商；C. advertise登广告；D. research研究。根据前文的“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”可知，作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D项。
17．D考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A. imagined想象；B. introduced介绍；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. found发现。根据前文的“I began to_1_on the Internet…”可知，作者之前还在网上查阅，三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。
18．C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月，我很害怕。A. annoyed烦恼的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. scared害怕的；D. excited兴奋的。根据后面的“my worries had gone.”可知，我一开始很担忧。故选C项。
19．A考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A. arriving到达；B. sleeping睡觉；C. thinking思考；D. walking行走。根据“feel at home”得知到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A项。
20．B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. confident自信的；B. friendly友好的；C. energetic活力的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“and like-minded”可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。
21．D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. funny搞笑的；B. good好的；C. lucky幸运的；D. easy容易的。根据 “that like-minded”和“feel at home”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D项。
22．B考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A. tour游览；B. project项目；C. campaign活动；D. course课程。根据下文“for having taken part in the project”可知，这是在说当志愿者的项目，原词复现。故选B项。
23．C考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drop掉下；B. make制作；C. carry携带；D. buy购买。根据下文“with a heavy pack”可知，作者他们要背负着必需品走。故选C项。
24．C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可能看起来不远，但是在35度高温下，背着沉重的物品，我的腿像是着了火。A. nice好的；B. safe安全的；C. long长的；D. quick快的。根据前文“walk three miles”可知，作者他们走的路程不远。故选C项。
25．A考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build建造；B. test测试；C. clean清洁；D. guard保卫。根据下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain.”可知，作者在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。
26．D考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下。A. helped帮助；B. ended结束；C. allowed允许；D. meant意味。根据“climbing up and down”可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D项。
27．C考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我应该说他们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过。A. hunted捕猎；B. trained训练；C. seen看到；D. fed喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知，作者以前没有见过。故选C项。
28．A考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. satisfaction满意；B. ambition雄心；C. expectation期待；D. intention意图。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，我修的台阶成型了，我很满意。故选A项。
29．A考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. work工作，作品；B. memory回忆；C. record记录；D. story故事。根据上文的“My job was to”“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，修台阶是我的工作。故选A项。
30．B考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在最后一晚，我们被困在雷雨中。A. left离开；B. caught捉住；C. attacked袭击；D. separated分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B项。
31．D考查形容词短语辨析。句意：温度接近零度。A. boiling煮沸的的；B. average平均的；C. normal正常的；D. freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”得知温度很低。故选D项。
32．B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A. tidy干净的；B. dry干的；C. new新的；D. soft软的。根据上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“part of my tent”可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。
33．C考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way顺便问一下；B. Regardless of that尽管这样；C. Needless to say 不用说；D. In either case在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知，作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。
34．A考查动词辨析。句意：但是我知道不论人生中面对什么，我都在这，我都活了下来。A. survived生存；B. resisted反抗；C. escaped逃离，抓牢；D. recovered恢复。根据上文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。故选A项。
35．B考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A. smarter更聪明的；B. stronger更强壮的；C. happier更快乐的；D. busier更忙碌的。根据前文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.可知作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B项。
2020年完形填空夹叙夹议文(20空)

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【2020年新课标Ⅰ】 Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 .
I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51 that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical(比喻) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity(机会) of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, ＂What if it isn’t a door?＂ That is, ＂What if it isn’t a 57 opportunity?＂
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 59 repeatedly having to say, ＂No. We can’t go outside now.＂ Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won’t 60 to open them and walk through.
41. A. relief B. target C. reason D. case
42. A. admit B. believe C. mean D. realize
43. A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually
44. A. result B. danger C. method D. truth
45. A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly
46. A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting
47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out
48. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact
49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers
50. A. restrictions B. explanations C. differences D. consequences
51. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt
52. A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral
53. A. traditional B. important C. double D. original
54. A. life B. time C. reply D. history
55. A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless of D. instead of
56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of
57. A. real B. typical C. similar D. limited
58. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line D. top secret
59. A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept
60. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D
51. B 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. D 56. B 57. A 58. C 59. D 60. C
【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者以现实中的门，引申出生活中的“门”，从而探讨了一种教育理念。作者认为家长们不要害怕告诉孩子们真相，这样，孩子们才可以在生活的道路上，不再被各种“进退两难”所困扰，从而抓住机遇，勇往直前。
41. C考查名词词义辨析。句意：原因是明显的。A. relief安慰； B. target目标；C. reason原因；D. case情况。根据下文If we 42 it is a door, they'll want to go outside_43.可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以这里意思是“原因是明显的”。故选C。
42. A考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. admit 承认；B. believe相信；C. mean意味着；D. realize意识到。下文they'll want to go outside_43.说他们就会经常想出去，那必然是作者承认了它是一扇门。故选A。
43. B考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. gradually逐步地；B. constantly不断地；C temporarily临时地；D casually随便地。根据下文I should just_59 repeatedly having to say, "No. We can't go outside now. "可推测出，孩子们会不断地想出去。故选B。
44. D考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们显然知道这个真相。A. result结果；B. danger危险；C. method方法；D. truth真相。下文But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.说阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试，和下文的I hate lying to the kids.可知孩子们是知道真相的。故选D。
45. A考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只不过是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A. merely只不过；B. slightly轻微地；C. hardly几乎不；D. partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子们，所以轻描淡写地说，它不过是一扇窗户而已。故选A。
46. D考查动名词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A. reviewing回顾；B. approving赞成；C. receiving收到；D. attempting尝试。根据millions of requests to open the door可知孩子们是想尝试打开门。故选D。
47. C考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. win out最后获得成功；B. give up放弃；C. wake up开始了解真相；D. stand out站出来。根据and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a 48.可知有一天，孩子们会开始了解真相。故选C。
48. B考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. dream梦想；B. lie谎言；C. fantasy幻想；D. fact事实。根据I hate lying to the kids.以及结合前文作者把门说成窗户，可知这里意思是他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。故选B。
49. A考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. parents父母；B. twins双胞胎；C. colleagues同事；D. teachers老师。根据下文to our children，可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相。故选A。
50. D考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. restrictions限制；B. explanations解释；C. differences差异；D. consequences结果。根据they'll want to go outside_43.可知一旦我说出真相，孩子们就总想着打开门出去，这是一种说出真相的“后果”。故选D。
51. B考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. demand要求；B. fear害怕；C. desire欲望；D. doubt怀疑。根据that the lie we're telling is doing 52 damage to our children.和Maybe it's an unreasonable fear.可知这是让我强烈害怕的事情。故选B。
52. C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. physical身体的；B biological生物的；C. spiritual心灵的；D. behavioral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行为会让孩子们面对机会时，犹豫不前。由此可知，这是对孩子们心灵上造成了伤害。故选C。
53. B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：窗户和门有重要的比喻意义。A. traditional传统的； B. important重要的；C. double双重的；D. original原来的。下文说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。由此可知，窗户和门的比喻意义是非常重要的。故选B。
54. A考查名词词义辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. life生活；B. time时间；C. reply回答；D. history历史。根据Then when
they come to other doors in life可知这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的门。故选A。
55. D考查短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。 A. by comparison with与……相比；B. in addition to除……之外；C. regardless of不管；D. instead of而不是。对孩子们撒谎，今后，孩子们面对生活中的“门”时，会观望，而不是打开“门”。故选D。
56. B考查动词短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. get hold of抓住；B. stare at凝视；C. knock on敲击（门、窗）；D. make use of利用。孩子们遇到机会，不是马上抓住它，而是在考虑很多问题。由此可知，孩子们在凝视着“机会”。故选B。
57. A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，假如它不是一个真的机会，将会怎么样？A. real真的；B. typical典型的；C. similar相似的；D. limited有限的。孩子们面对机会，犹豫不前，是在质疑机会的真实性。故选A。
58. C考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：但是，底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。A safety rule安全守则；B. comfort zone舒适带; C. bottom line底线；D. top secret绝密的。根据I shouldn't lie to my kids.可知这是我的底线。故选C。
59. D考查动词词义辨析。句意：我应该只是接受重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”A. delay推迟；B. regret后悔；C. enjoy享受；D. accept接受。当我告知孩子们真相时，我也不得不重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”这是一个现实，我只能接受。故选D。
60. C考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当他们遇到生活中的其他“门”时，或真实或比喻，他们将毫不犹豫的打开它们，然后走过去。A. hurry匆忙；B. decide决定；C. hesitate犹豫；D. intend打算。根据and walk through.可知当告知孩子们真相时，孩子们将不再犹豫，大踏步向前走。故选C。
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【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 41 can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, 42 their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll 43 that they left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then 44 it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the 45 in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a 46 colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep 47 .
I remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was 49 absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a “regular”. After a while, she 51 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 52 , and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对), she’d taken it out on 53 people.
That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the market. Don’t take it 56 . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not 57 .” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get 58 . If you do, you won’t be able to 59 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyone’s day.
41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists
42. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying
43. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
44. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
45. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
46. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
47. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
48. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult
49. A. curious about B. displeased with C. patient with D. uncertain about
50. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
51. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized
52. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
53. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely
54. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
55. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel
56. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually
57. A. ready B. away C. up D. well
58. A. out of sight B. in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law
59. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame
60. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人，遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客，而有一个难缠的顾客，一开始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者，是因为自己和丈夫分居了，于是把气撒到其他人身上，这让作者学到了宝贵的一课，那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾，不然当事情发展成不愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了每个人的一天。
41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers店主；B. customers顾客；C. salespersons售货员； D. receptionist接待员。根据上文I care deeply about my customers可知作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选B。
42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会冲进来，说手提包被偷了。A. saying说；B. pretending假装；C. guessing猜测；D. replying回答。结合后文their handbag’s been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。故选A。
43. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. agree同意；B. promise承诺；C. imagine想象；D. swear发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦旦地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选D。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. forget忘记；B. decide决定；C. discover发现；D. assume假设。结合后文it had been in their car all the time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。
45. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. foods食物；B. catalogues目录；C. belongings所有物；D. goods商品。结合后文in the shops可知此处指的是商店里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。
46. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. particular特别的；B. different不同的；C. matching相配的；D. natural自然的。结合上文the only style you don't have left in a可知顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色（particular）没有存货的款式。其它选项带入不符合语境。故选A。
47. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A. fighting打架；B. smiling微笑；C. waiting等待；D. changing改变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这种情况，虽然店员会很沮丧，“但是”一词边是转折，与“沮丧”一词情感色彩相反，结合选项，B项“微笑”符合句意。故选B。
48. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous慷慨的；B. polite礼貌的；C. careless粗心的；D. difficult难缠的，困难的。结合后文nothing was right可知这位顾客对一切都不满，很难缠。故选D。
49. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. curious about好奇；B. displeased with对……不满意；C. patient with对……有耐心；D. uncertain about对……不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。
50. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. relaxed放松的；B. delighted高兴的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下文可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选C。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A. searched搜索；B. argued争论；C. prayed祈祷；D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。apologize for“为某事道歉”。故选D。
52. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然；B. by herself她独自地；C. on purpose故意地；D. on duty值班。结合上文She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了，因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。
53. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的；B. such这样的；C. other其他的；D. lonely寂寞的。结合上文since she'd found it too much to cope with, she'd taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力，于是决定把气撒在其他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选C。
54. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson课程，教训；B. trick诡计；C. skill技能；D. trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟，可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。故选A。
55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. work工作；B. shop购物；C. meet会面；D. quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。
56. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：别太在意。A. kindly亲切地；B. secretly秘密地；C. personally亲自地；D. casually随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。短语take it personally“在意，把这些放在心上”。故选C。
57. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready迅速地；B. away离开；C. up向上；D. well好地。根据上文Maybe she’s had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选D。
58. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：一定要淡化它，不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight看不见；B. in the way妨碍，挡道；C. behind the scene幕后；D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客，要淡化这种不好的情绪，不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。
59. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. stress强调；B. expect期待；C. handle处理；D. blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。
60. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. ruins毁灭；B. makes制作；C. starts开始；D. saves拯救。结合上文the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。故选A。
Close3
【2020年江苏卷】Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 36 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 37 in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no 38 of knowing that his life was to change 39 . The class experiment that day was to 40 how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. 41 , the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat 42 held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container 43 , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents 44 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 45 their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as 46 . He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 47 public speaker.
Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from 48 for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to 49 his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue 50 it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 51 Wilson made to preventing the 52 .
Wilson received several international 53 for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a 54 . He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 55 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.
36. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects
37. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps
38. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure
39. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. completely
40. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare
41. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus
42. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily
43. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed
44. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed
45. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to
46. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic
47. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent
48. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness
49. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept
50. A. until B. when C. unless D. before
51. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations
52. A. preventable B. potential C. spreadable D. influential
53. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses
54. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision
55. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B 41. C 42. A 43. B 44. B 45. D
46. D 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. B
【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外，威尔逊失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
36. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. depends依靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映。结合空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on：取决于。故选A。
37. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas进退两难的处境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps脚步，步骤。结合文章最后一句“He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 55 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。故选C。
38. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way方法，方式；B. hope希望；C. plan计划；D. measure措施。John Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。故选A。
39. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. continually不断地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. gracefully优雅地；D. completely完全地。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这“完全”改变了他的生活。故选D。
40. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A. direct指导，引导；B. show展示；C. advocate提倡，倡导；D. declare宣布。那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
41. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；D. Thus因此。不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。
42. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. mistakenly错误地；B. casually随意地；C. amazingly令人惊奇地；D. clumsily笨拙地。老师“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。
43. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A. erupted爆发，喷出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. deserved值得，应得，应受；B. attempted视图，尝试；C. cared关心，在乎； D. agreed同意。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。故选B。
45. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to提交，服从……；B. catered for迎合；C. impressed on给……留下印象；D. happened to发生。这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。
46. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic极好的；B. extraordinary不同寻常的；C. impressive给人深刻印象的；D. catastrophic灾难性的，毁灭性的。根据上文his parents 44 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 45 their lives.以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性的”。故选D。
47. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A. accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific特定的，具体的；D. innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合该句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选项中只有A选项表达此意。故选A。
48. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A. deafness聋，听力不佳；B. depression沮丧；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 51 Wilson made to preventing the 52 ”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。故选C。
49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide决定；B. abandon抛弃；C. control控制；D. accept接受。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as 46 . He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 47 public speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。故选D。
50. 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until直到；B. when在……情况下，当……时候；C. unless如果不；D. before在……之前。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在……情况下”。故选B。
51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition反对；B. adjustments调整，调节；C. commitment奉献，投入；D. limitations限制。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。该空和53空后的great contributions呼应。故选C。
52. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都能够恢复视力了。A. preventable可预防的，可阻止的；B. potential潜在的，有潜力的；C. spreadable(黄油等)容易被涂开的；D. influential有影响力的。结合空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防“可以预防的”情况。故选A。
53. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships奖学金；B. rewards奖励，回报；C. awards奖，奖品；D. bonuses红利，津贴。因为他的巨大贡献，威尔逊获得了几个国际“大奖”。故选C。
54. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他失明了，但找到了视野。A. fortune运气，财富；B. recipe食谱，秘诀；C. dream梦，梦想；D. vision视野。根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。
55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes区分，辨别；B. determines决定；C. claims宣称；D. limits限制。结合第一段中的“Success 36 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 37 in our lives”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。故选B。
2019年完形填空夹叙夹议文(20空)

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【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They ___41___ with them lots of waste. The ___42___ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the ___43___ of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories, I’m ___44___ about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.
However, I soon ___45___ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of ___46___ among tons of rubbish. I find a ___47___ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are ___48___ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be ___49___.
The best of a Kilimanjaro ___50___, in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are ___51___ as spiritual places by many cultures. This ___52___ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ___53___ go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, ___54___ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather ___55___ — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I ___56___ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland ___57___: gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. ___58___ you climb into an arctic-like zone with ___59___ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro ___60___ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.
41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
43. A. position B. age C. face D. name
44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate
46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean
48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary
49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away
50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose
53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits
56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B
51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。每年有4万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山，他们带来了垃圾，破坏了这里的环境。再加上冰川的消失，改变着它的地貌。对此作者对这个地方很是怀疑，想一探究竟。当他来到这里，他发现当地环保措施很到位，同时作者发现乞力马扎罗山有多种生态系统。作者认为乞力马扎罗山不应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。
41.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. connect联系；D. bring带来。句意：他们带来了很多的垃圾。由“lots of waste”可知，登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故D选项切题。
42.C 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。句意：人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。由“40,000”可知，这是一个庞大的群体。故C选项切题。
43. C【解析】考查名词辨析。A.position位置；B.age年龄；C. face外貌；D. name名字。句意：冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。故C选项切题。
44. B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. silent 沉默的；B. skepetical怀疑的；C. serious严肃的；D. crazy疯狂的。句意：听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑——其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故be skepetical about“对……怀疑”符合句意。故B选项切题。
45. A【解析】考查动词辨析。A. discover发现；B. argue争论；C. decide决定；D. advocate提倡。句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由“much has changed ”可知，作者发现了很大的变化。故A选项切题。
46. C【解析】考查名词辨析。A.equipment装备 ；B. grass 草C. camps 营地；D. stone石头。句意：我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由下文“at camps ”可知，本句属于原词再现。故C选项切题。
47. D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. remote遥远的；B. quiet安静的C. tall高的; D. clean干净的。句意：我发现了一座干净的山，营地里和路边都有厕所。由“with tolilet at camps and along the paths”可知，营地里和路边都有厕所。所以这是一座干净的山。故D选项切题。
48. C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. new新的；B. special特殊的；C. significant相当大的；D. necessary必要的。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。根据前文可知，很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失。这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。故C选项切题。
49.A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A. paying off还清，报偿；B.spreading out伸展；C. blowing up爆炸；D. fading away；逐渐消退。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。由“but”可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。故A选项切题。
50.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. atmosphere氛围；B. experience经历；C. experiment实验；D.sight视力。句意：在我看来，来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达顶峰。登山就是人生的一种经历。故B选项切题。
51.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. studied学习；B. observed观察；C. explored探索；D. regarded认为。句意：山被许多文化视为精神场所。由“spiritual space ”,可知，山被许多文化视为精神场所。be regarded as“被视为......”符合句意。故D选项切题。
52. A【解析】考查名词辨析。A. view景色 ；B.quality质量 ；C. reason原因；D. purpose目的 句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。有五个生态系统，所以景色也是明显的不同。故A选项切题。
53.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. scientists科学家；B. climbers 登山者；C. locals当地人； D. officials官员。句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色尤为明显。故A选项切题。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故B选项切题。
54.D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A.holding on to抓住；B. going back to回到（原来的话题）；C. living up to履行；D. giving way to向......让步。句意：热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，让位于大片的低矮植物。这里指热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。 giving way to“向......让步”符合句意。故D选项切题。
55.A 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. changes改变；B. clears放晴；C. improves提高； D.permits允许。句意：再往上走，天气变了--低云笼罩着被厚厚的草覆盖的山腰。由“low clouds ”可知，生态系统不同，天气也是不同的，是变化的。故A选项切题。
56. C【解析】考查动词辨析。A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. count数；D.add增加。句意：我从站的地方数出了十二种绿色。由“twelve shades of green”可知，作者数出了十二种绿色。故C选项切题。
57.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. village村庄； B. desert 沙漠，荒地;C. road马路；D.lake湖 。句意：海拔4000米以上是高山寒漠:砾石、石头和岩石。由“grave,stones and rocks”可知，拔4000米以上是高山寒漠。故B选项切题。
58. D【解析】考查副词辨析。A.Obviously明显地;B.Easily容易地;C.Consequently结果；D.Finally最后地。句意：海拔4000米以上是高地沙漠:砾石、石头和岩石。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是冰川地区。故D选项切题。
59. A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. permanent.永久的；B.little小的；C.fresh新鲜的；D.artifical人造的。句意：很明显，你爬进了一个类似北极的地带，那里有着永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由“arctic -like zone”可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。故A选项切题。
60.B 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. enjoy享受；B.deserve值得；C. save挽救;D. acquire获得。句意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，挤满了成群的游客，破坏了宁静的气氛，它值得这样的名声吗？。这里作者在疑问乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。故B选项切题。
Close 2
【2019年浙江卷6月】There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the ___36___ the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And that’s precisely why one ___37___ Frenchman has caught our attention.
Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe，surviving ___38___ on discarded(丢弃)food. The three-month, 1 900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet’s ___39___ of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world.
As you can ___40___, the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants ___41___ tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of ___42___ garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. Only about one in ten places ___43___ him food that would otherwise be discarded.
For legal ___44___, most restaurants have a policy against ___45___ food waste. "Some people have even ___46___ their jobs by giving me food," Dubanchet said.
What's ___47___ interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause. Berlin has been the ___48___ while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There, he had to ___49___ at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food. The 50 is all the more serious when you consider the ___51___ exercise required to bike from France to Poland.
"I have to get food ___52___ because after all the biking I am tired and I need the ___53___,"
Dubanchet explained. "Is my ___54___ full or empty? That is the most important thing, not what I am eating."
He aims to ___55___ his journey by mid-July. With any luck, he’ll turn a few more heads in the process.
36. A. cleverer B. older C. stranger D. simpler
37. A. garbage-eating B. sports-loving C. food-wasting D. law-breaking
38. A. secretly B. finally C. entirely D. probably
39. A. purpose B. way C. opinion D. dream
40. A. observe B. imagine C. suggest D. remember
41. A. store B. cook C. shop for D. throw away
42. A. locked B. damaged C. connected D. abandoned
43. A. bought B. offered C. ordered D. sold
44. A. reasons B. rights C. fees D. aids
45. A. begging for B. giving away C. hiding D. causing
46. A. did B. kept C. accepted D. risked
47. A. hardly B. usually C. particularly D. merely
48. A. easiest B. nearest C. biggest D. richest
49. A. work B. shout C. ask D. jump
50. A. competition B. conversation C. conflict D. challenge
51. A. adequate B. rewarding C. demanding D. suitable
52. A. again B. alone C. later D. fast
53. A. spirit B. energy C. time D. effort
54. A. stomach B. hand C. pocket D. basket
55. A. arrange B. restart C. report D. finish
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. B 41. D 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. B
46. D 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意，Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。
36. C【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据Usually, the 36 the idea is, the more it gets noticed.可知这里意思是通常，这个观点越奇怪，它就会越受到关注。A. cleverer更聪明的；B. older更老的；C. stranger更奇怪；D. simpler更简单的，故选C。
37. A【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving 38 on discarded(丢弃) food.可知这里意思是那就是为什么一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意。A. garbage-eating吃垃圾的；B. sports-loving爱好体育的；C. food-wasting浪费食物的； D. law-breaking破坏法律的，故选A。
38. C【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。A.secretly 秘密地；B. finally 最后；C. entirely完全地；D. probably很可能，故选C。
39. B【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：从巴黎到华沙历时三个月、1900英里的旅程，是Dubanchet引起欧洲和全世界对食物残羹注意的道路。A.purpose目的；B.way道路；C.opinion意见；D. dream梦想，故选B。
40. B【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：你可以想象，这次旅行不是小菜一碟。A. observe观察；B. imagine想象；C. suggest建议；D. remember记得，故选B。
41. D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然餐馆每年扔掉大量的食物，但由于垃圾容器上锁、卫生规定或商业政策，很多食物仍然难以接近。A . store存储；B.cook做饭；C. shop for购买某物；D. throw away扔掉，故选D。
42.A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据it remains inaccessible可知这里意思是垃圾容器上锁。A.locked上锁的；B . damaged被损坏的；C.connected连接的；D. abandoned被抛弃的，故选A。
43. B【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：只有大约十分之一的地方给他提供了食物，否则就会被丢弃。A.bought买；B. offered提供；C . ordered命令；D. sold销售，故选B。
44. A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止浪费食物的政策。A.reasons原因；B. rights权利；C.fees费用；D. aids援助，故选A。
45.B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。A. begging for乞求； B. giving away分发；C . hiding隐藏；D. causing造成，故选B。
46. D【解析】考查动词辨析。上文说由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。可知这里意思是有些人甚至冒着失业的危险给我食物。A.did做；B. kept保持；C.accepted接受；
D. risked冒…的危险，故选D。
47. C【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：特别有趣的是各个城市对Dubanchet事件的态度。A.hardly几乎不；
B. usually 通常；C . particularly特别是；D . merely仅仅，故选C。
48. A【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.可知这里意思是柏林是最容易的。A.easiest最容易的；B . nearest最近的；C . biggest最大的；D. richest最富有的，故选A。
49. C【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：在那里，他必须在大约50家不同的商店或餐馆询问，才能找到食物。A.work工作；B. shout 呼喊；C.ask询问；D. jump跳跃，故选C。
50. D【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻了。A. competition竞赛；B. conversation会话；C. conflict冲突；D. challenge挑战，故选D。
51. C【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻了。A. adequate充足的；B. rewarding有益的；C. demanding要求高的；D. suitable适当的，故选C。
52.D 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：我必须快点吃东西，因为骑了那么多自行车，我累了，我需要能量。A.again再一次；B. alone独自地；C . later后来；D. fast迅速地，故选D。
53. B【解析】考查名词辨析。根据because after all the biking I am tired可知我需要能量。A.spirit精神；
B . energy能量；C.time时间；D. effort努力，故选B。
54.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据That is the most important thing, not what I am eating.可知这里意思是我的胃是满的还是空的。A. stomach胃；B. hand手；C. pocket口袋；D. basket篮子，故选A。
55. D【解析】考查动词辨析。根据With any luck, he'll tum a few more heads in the process.可知这里意思是他计划在七月中旬结束他的旅行。A.arrange安排；B . restart重新开始；C. report报告；
D. finish结束，故选D。

Close 3
【2019年江苏卷】Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modem age. There are species(物种)that are ___36___ every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to ___37___ the species from going out of existence.
Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their ___38___. Emma, a female crane, has been in their ___39___ since she arrived in 2004.
Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was ___40___ by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected ___41___, though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had ___42___ taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She ___43___ to live with male cranes, and even had a ___44___ for killing some of them, which made it ___45___ for her to become a mother.
___46___, the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction(灭绝)of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a ___47___ of artificial breeding(人工繁殖)and natural reproduction. This ___48___ Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.
The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be ___49___, more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the ___50___, and many other species appear headed toward extinction. ___51___, not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.
How can we ___52___ the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the ___53___: human beings took it for granted that their ___54___ held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better ___55___.
36. A. growing B. migrating C. competing D. disappearing
37. A. ban B. save C. split D. remove
38. A. abortion B. recreation C. reproduction D. administration
39. A. care B. eye C. mind D. story
40. A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized
41. A. bonus B. consequence C. victory D. sacrifice
42. A. never B. always C. unluckily D. cheerfully
43. A. liked B. refused C. decided D. hesitated
44. A. gift B. skill C. concern D. reputation
45. A. illegal B. inspiring C. important D. impossible
46. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Instead
47. A. combination B. collection C. strategy D. system
48. A. forced B. forbade C. taught D. enabled
49. A. defeated B. grateful C. assured D. tolerant
50. A. it B. rise C. agenda D. decline
51. A. In contrast B. After all C. By the way D. On the contrary
52. A. leave B. bridge C. open D. identify
53. A. course B. excuse C. answer D. reward
54. A. brains B. behaviors C. services D. projects
55. A. guide B. treat C. example D. companion
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. C 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. D
46. C 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. D 51. B 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. A
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。在现代，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝。白鹤就是其中之一。但是，有很多人正在竭尽全力保护这些物种免于灭绝。Chris和Tim通过努力，帮助一只名叫Emma的雌鹤繁殖了五只幼鹤。
36.D 根据第一句“Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age”和最后一句提到的“…the species from going out of existence”可以推知，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝，即：“消失”。D选项正确。
37.B 前文提到每天都有物种消失，那么该句应指科学家们正在竭尽全力保护这些物种，使它们免于灭绝。故B选项正确。
38.C 上文最后一句提到科学家们竭尽全力保护濒临灭绝的物种，由此推知，该处应指Chris和Tim帮助濒危物种繁殖，增加它们的数量，这样它们才不至于灭绝。故该空应指“繁殖”，C选项正确。
39.A 自从2004年，Emma一直由Chris和Tim照顾。该空和下一句中的“human caretaker”呼应。故选A。
40.C 根据空后的“human caretakers”可知，caretaker当然是照看Emma的。故该句应指：出生在一个国际鹤基地，Emma由人类抚养照看。故选C。
41.B 根据空后的though（尽管）可知，though前后的两个句子之间是转折关系。后面提到，她过得很开心。根据转折关系，那么前文应该表示“但是这导致了出乎意料的结果”。B选项正确。
42A 根据下文中的“become deeply attached to humans…even …killing some of them”等内容可知，因为Emma一直由人类照看，所以它没有将自己看作是一只鹤，而是深深的依恋上了人类。故选A。
43.B 根据上文，Emma不把自己当作鹤，所以它“拒绝”和雄鹤生活在一起。B选项正确。
44.D 根据even（甚至）这个递进关系可知，Emma不仅拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起，而且因为弄死了几只雄鹤而“臭名昭著”。故D选项正确。
45.D Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，这当然使得她“不可能”生育小鹤，成为妈妈。D选项正确。
46.C 上文提到Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，使得她不可能生育小鹤。下文提到两位动物园管理员不想看到这一物种的灭绝。由此推知，上下文之间是转折关系。C选项正确。
47.A 经过努力，Chris和Tim成功的将“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”结合在一起。A选项正确。
48.D Chris和Tim成功的将“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”结合在一起，这使得Emma诞育了五只幼鹤。enable sb. to do sth.意为“使……能够做某事”，D选项正确。
49.C 根据后文more efforts must be made可以推知，尽管两个人为自己的成就感到骄傲，但是他们还需要付出更多努力，因为野生鹤的数量在减少。所以他们还不能完全放心（白鹤不会灭绝）。故选C。assured意为“确定的，有把握的，自信的”。
50.D 根据because可知，前后句之间是因果关系，根据more efforts must be made可以推知，野生白鹤数量在减少，所以，还要付出更多的努力（来挽救白鹤灭绝）。故D选项正确。
51.B 前文提到：野生白鹤数量正在减少，很多其他物种似乎也在逐渐灭绝。该句提到，并不是所有的人都意识到野生动物有思想，感情，以及平等生存的权利。很明显，该句是对前文出现野生动物濒临灭绝原因的一种解释。故B选项正确。after all：毕竟（用于解释和说明理由）。
52.B 针对上文提到的很多物种灭绝这种现象，作者提出一个问题：我们如何来消除将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？B选项正确。
53.C 前文提出一个问题：我们如何来消除将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？Chris和Tim的做法给我们提供了一个答案。C选项正确。
54.A 根据下文中的“hold all the solutions”可以推断出，人类认为自己的“大脑”掌握着所有的解决办法。即：人类认为自己的大脑可以想出所有的解决办法。A选项正确。
55.A 根据转折词but可以推知，人类想当然的认为自己的“大脑”掌握着所有的解决办法。但或许他们可以用“心”更好地“引领”他们去保护这些濒危的动物。故A选项正确。
Close 4
【2019年天津卷】 I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night，when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have left it on the G9 bus，which was now speeding in the dark to some______16______station.
The____17____moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the_____18_____of that little wallet？The credit cards，the driver's license，the cash，all lost to the bus.
Two hours later，back at my house，I heard a knock on the door. My husband _____19_____it while I was on the phone in the dining room. "Does Jennifer live here？" I heard a lady say. In my husband's hand was my wallet，with not a penny_____20_____. She left before I could ____21____ make it to the door to offer my thanks.
After sharing the story online，I heard from someone，who ____22____ the lady as Erin Smith. Without ___23___ ，I called to thank her. She said she ____24____ my wallet on a bus seat. She_____25_____that going to a stranger's house was a ____26____ move，but she decided to take the chance. "If I were in that ____27____ I would want someone to try to find me，" she said.
This one stranger responded beautifully to my small ____28____ ，but she actually wasn't the only one. Right after Erin ____29____ my wallet on the bus，she posted a picture of my driver's license to an online forum（论坛），trying to see ____30____ anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my son's nursery and who recognized my face. I've never ____31____ words with those moms beyond small tall，but they wanted to help. I read that people are more divided than ever，but that's not how the people I_____32_____tend to act.
___33___,I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone ____34____what almost anyone would have done，finding my house on a bitterly cold night，and for that I was extremely ____35____ .
16. A. accessible B. hidden C. unknown D. convenient
17. A. face-saving B. brain-washing C. eye-catching D. heart-stopping
18. A. parts B. contents C. details D. ingredients
19. A. ignored B. answered C. examined D. interrupted
20. A. missing B. returned C. remaining D. abandoned
21. A. still B. ever C. yet D. even
22. A. selected B. appointed C. identified D. defined
23. A. delay B. alarm C. regret D. invitation
24. A. moved B. placed C. opened D. spotted
25. A. disagreed B. complained C. calculated D. recommended
26. A. selfless B. risky C. slow D. personal
27. A. site B. direction C. situation D. atmosphere
28. A. crisis B. danger C. threat D. failure
29. A. got rid of B. made use of C. had control of D. took possession of
30. A. if B. where C. how D. when
31. A. recalled B. exchanged C. repeated D. whispered
32. A. encounter B. follow C. consult D. accompany
33. A. Going away B. Turning around C. Looking back？ D. Coming along
34. A. into B. against C. over D. beyond
35. A. longing B. enthusiastic C. concerned D. grateful
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C
26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，Erin捡到了作者的钱包，在寒冷的黑夜亲自登门归还钱包。作者深受感动。文章叙述了事情的来龙去脉和作者的感受。
16.C 根据前文的“fear seized me. My wallet was gone.”可以推知，作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，而汽车正在开往某个作者未知的地方，这使得找回钱包的希望渺茫，因此作者心生“恐惧”。故C选项(unknown)切题。
17. D根据上一段中的“fear seized me”可以推知，作者在发现丢了钱包之后的第一感觉是“害怕”。之后，作者开始在内心计算找回钱包里的那些东西所需要的时间和钱数。故该空应和fear表达的意思相近，D选项（heart-stopping）切题：令人心跳停止的，惊心动魄的。
18. B该空指下文中提到的“the credit cards， the driver’s license, the cash”，这些都是钱包里装的东西。故选B(content)：所含之物，所容纳之物。
19.B 两小时后有人敲门，丈夫去应门。B选项（answer）切题：应（门）；接（电话）；应答。
20. A结合下文的陈述可知，那位女士捡到了作者的钱包，她拾金不昧，将钱包完璧归赵。由此可以推知，该处指“钱包里的钱一分也没有丢失”。故A选项（missing）切题：不见的，丢失的。
21. D作者甚至还没有来得及到门口感谢那位女士，她就离开了。该空表示“甚至”，故选D选项（even）：甚至。
22. C在网上分享了这个故事之后，作者收到了某个人的来信，这个人确认了那位女士是Erin Smith。C选项(identify)切题：确认，认出，识别。
23. A找到了那位拾金不昧的女士，作者当然要“马上，毫不耽搁地”打电话去感谢对方。A选项（delay）切题：耽搁，延迟。
24. D作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，Erin是在一个座位上发现了它。该空表示“发现”，故选D选项(spot)：发现，认出。
25. C根据文章最后一段中的“a bitterly cold night”可知，这件事发生在一个寒冷的晚上。同时，Erin又不认识作者。由此推知，该句应指：Erin估计去一个陌生人的家是一个冒险的举动。C选项（calculate）正确：估算，估计，预料。
26. B根据下文中的转折词but可知，该句和she decided to take the chance（她决定冒险）是转折关系。那么该句应指去一个陌生人家是一个冒险的举动。故B选项（risky）正确：冒险的。
27. C该句叙述的是Erin当时的想法：“如果我处在那种情况下（指丢了钱包这种情形），我希望有个人努力地找到我”。该空表示“情况，情形”，故选C选项（situation）：情况，情形。
28. A作者丢了钱包，对于作者来说，这是一个“危机，危难时刻”。故选A选项（crisis）：危机，危难时刻。
29. DErin捡到了作者的钱包，在归还作者之前，钱包在Erin的手里，Erin暂时“拥有，占有”作者的钱包。故D选项正确。take possession of意为“拥有，占有”。
30. AErin把作者的驾照图片发到一个论坛里，想看看是否有人认识作者。该空表示“是否”，故选A选项（if）：是否。
31.B 根据后面的转折词but可知，该句和后面一句（她们想帮忙）转折关系，由此推知，该句指：除了闲聊，作者和那两位妈妈从来没有说过话，即：从未和她们“交换过词语”。B选项（exchange）正确：交换，互换。
32.A 作者曾经读到这样的说法：人们比以往更加四分五裂，即：人们不像以前那样团结，不像以前那样互相帮助了。但是，作者遇到的这些人的行为方式不是那样的。上文中提到的Erin，two moms都是作者遇到的人。故A选项（encounter）正确：偶遇，遇到，邂逅。
33.C
回顾发生的这件事，作者感到很幸运：有人想帮助一个陌生人。C选项（look back）正确：回顾，追忆。
34. D根据倒数第二段中提到的“people are more divided”可以推知，一般人在捡到别人的钱包后，都不会像Erin那样亲自归还失主。因此该句指：Erin的所作所为远远超越了其他人的行为。该空表示“超过，超越”，故选D选项（beyond）：超过，超越。
35. D Erin在寒冷的黑夜亲自登门归还作者的钱包，作者对此非常感激。D选项（grateful）正确：感激的。