2022-2023学年广西来宾市高二上学期期末考试英语试题含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年广西来宾市高二上学期期末考试英语试题含答案，共13页。试卷主要包含了 本卷主要考查内容等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022年秋季学期来宾市高二年级期末教学质量检测
英语
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
4. 本卷主要考查内容：选择性必修第一册〜选择性必修第二册。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the woman get to the airport?
A. By taxi. B. On foot. C. By underground.
2. What will the man do next?
A. Cut the grass. B. Cook dinner. C. Do the washing-up.
3. What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Mother and son. B. Neighbours. C. Husband and wife.
4. Where would the woman like to go for a walk?
A. On the beach. B. By the river. C. In the park.
5. What does the woman mean?
A. The woodwork course is boring.
B. There is no photography course this year.
C. A computer course is more helpful for her job.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What can we infer from this dialogue?
A. This man is an Internet policeman.
B. The woman knows cyber bullying well.
C. Lots of teenagers participate in cyber bullying.
7. What does the man think of cyber bullying?
A. Improper. B. Funny. C. Frightening.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the man say about the job of a supermarket cashier?
A. The pay of it is not too high.
B. People needn’t work in the evening.
C. People have to wake up early.
9. What does the woman decide to do finally?
A. Work as a supermarket clerk.
B Deliver newspaper by bike.
C. Work in a coffee shop.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the woman mainly care about?
A. The history of the moving company.
B. The good service of the moving company.
C. The discount given by the moving company.
11. What will the woman do on December 15th?
A. Have a meeting. B. Organize the new place. C. Watch a fashion show.
12. On which day do the speakers decide to move?
A. On Monday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What’s the attitude of the woman towards the tests last week?
A. Worried. B. Optimistic. C. Critical.
14. How many tests did the man take last week?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
15. What does the man prefer among the tests?
A. The three-hour essay paper.
B. The role-play acting as doctors.
C. His multiple choice test.
16. What is the woman confident about?
A. The ability of solving problems.
B. The ability of reading others’ minds.
C. The ability of taking responsibility for others.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why did the speaker buy a boat to sail?
A. Because of an important computer business.
B. Because of the desire of experiencing sailing.
C. Because of too much pressure of competition.
18. How long has the speaker been sailing?
A. For five years. B. For six years. C. For seven years.
19. What is the destination of the speaker’s next adventure?
A. Texas. B. California. C. Mexico.
20. What does the speaker want to do?
A. Hunt for an experienced sailor to become a partner.
B. Employ an applicant with swimming experiences.
C. Find a musician or a cook to entertain the sailors.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Top ‘Traditional Chinese Medicine Museums in China
Hu Qing Yu Pharmacy(药房)( Hu Qing Yu ‘Tang) in Hangzhou
It was initially founded by Hu Xueyan who was a successful businessman and a high-ranking official in the Qing imperial court. Starting business in 1874 during the rule of Emperor Guangxu, Hu Qing Yu Tang is still open today, and known as “King of Medicine”inSouth China. Rather than a pharmacy, it is more like a museum of traditional Chinesemedicine.
Address : Qinghefang Street, Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province Opening hours: 9:00—17:00，every day
Bian Que Memorial Hall in Xi’an
Bian Que was born in the Spring and Autumn Period. Bian Que travelled through the several vassal states, practised medicine and saved many lives. The museum got the namebecause it was transformed from the site of Bian Que’s tomb in 1996. It has several halls, to introduce the development of traditional Chinese medicine and Bian Que stories.
Address :Lintong District, Xi’an City
Opening hours:8:00—18:00, closed on Mon.
Shanghai Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
lt is made up of TCM History Museum, the Chinese Medicine Specimen(标本), Museum and the Institute ( Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)History Museum. Shanghai Museum of TCM is an educational base in Shanghai and an ideal place for sciencetour in Shanghai. Built in 1938, the TCM History Museum is the first of its kind in China.
Opening hours:Tuesday—Sunday，9:00—16;00，closed on Mon.
Address:100 Cailun Lu, Pudong New Zone, near Jinke Lu, (inside Shanghai University of TCM)
Guangdong Museum of ‘Traditional Chinese Medicine
The museum was initially established in 1996, and reopened to the public in 2006 as partof Guangzhou University of TCM. It is made up of the University history museum, TCM history museum with over 5,000 TCM relics, Chinese medical specimen museum, and a55,000-square-metre herbal medicine plantation.
Address : University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou
Opening Hours:9:00—17:30, Tuesday—Saturday (reserved group activity on Sunday)
1. Which can be visited on Mondays?
A. Bian Que Memorial Hall in Xi’an.
B. Shanghai Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
C. Guang dong Museum of Traditional Chin ese Medicine.
D. Hu Qing Yu Pharmacy (Hu Qing Yu Tang) in Hangzhou.
2. How did Bian Que Memorial Hall get the name?
A. It was originally built by Bian Que.
B. It was named by the local government.
C. lt was changed from the site of Bian Que’s tomb.
D. It has many halls introducing Bian Que’s life stories.
3. What do Shanghai and Guangdong Museum of TCM have in common?
A. Long history.
B. Opening hours.
C. Huge herbal medicine plantation.
D. Close relationship with university.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个传统中药博物馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个博物馆Hu Qing Yu Pharmacy(药房)( Hu Qing Yu ‘Tang) in Hangzhou中的“Opening hours：9：00-17：00, every day”（开放时间：每天9:00-17:00）可知，Hu Qing Yu Pharmacy(Hu Qing Yu Tang)周一也是开放的，而其他 3 个博物馆则周一休息。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二个博物馆Bian Que Memorial Hall in Xi’an的第三句话“The museum got the name because it was transformed from the site of Bian Que’s tomb in 1996.”（这个博物馆之所以得名，是因为它是1996年由扁鹊墓遗址改建而成的。）可知扁鹊纪念馆的名字，是从扁鹊墓的遗址改过来的。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三个博物馆Shanghai Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
的第一句话“It is made up of TCM History Museum，the Chinese Medicine Specimen, Museum and the Institute(Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)History Museum.”（它由中医药历史博物馆、中药标本馆、博物馆和上海中医药大学研究院历史博物馆组成。）和第四个博物馆Guangdong Museum of ‘Traditional Chinese Medicine
的第一句话“The museum was initially established in 1996, and reopened to the public in 2006 as part of Guangzhou University of TCM.”（博物馆始建于1996年，并于2006年作为广州中医药大学的一部分重新向公众开放。）可知，这两个博物馆都和大学有着紧密的关联。故选D项。
B
Veteran Oksana Chusovitina ended her legendary (传奇的) career on Sunday night after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games. After failing to secure a spot in Sunday’s vault (跳马) final, the 46-year-old, representing Uzbekistan, waved to the small crowd inside Tokyo’s Ariake Gymnastics Center, made a heart shape with her hands and briefly cried.
Born in Uzbek capital Tashkent in 1976, Chusovitina took up gymnastics at age 7, following her older brother into the sport. “My mother did not want me to do gymnastics, she was worried about me all the time. I wanted to prove to her that I was not doing it in vain, and I think I eventually succeeded in that,” Chusovitina once said of her childhood.
She made her Olympic debut (首次亮相) at the 1992 Barcelona Games as part of the gold medal-winning Unified team, comprised of (由……组成) athletes from former Soviet states. She then represented Uzbekistan, before being granted German citizenship in 2006. She took home a vault silver medal at the 2008 Beijing Games for Germany, but switched back to competing for Uzbekistan in 2013. Chusovitina is one of just two female gymnasts to represent three different nations at the Olympic Games.
When Chusovitina’s 3-year-old son was diagnosed with leukemia in 2002, she sold her possessions and used any prize money she earned to pay for his medical treatment. Her switch to German citizenship was motivated by the promise of a higher income and better medical care.
After her son’s recovery, Chusovitina continued to compete, but this time it was her love of gymnastics that kept her going. “There is no secret. I just love gymnastics and no one ever forced me to compete. I do so with pleasure,” she said.
With COVID-19 rules keeping fans out of the venue, Chusovitina admitted the atmosphere wasn’t what she had hoped. “I would have loved to have spectators,” she said. “Of course in terms of performance, it’s better when it’s just you and the apparatus (器具). But every athlete needs this attention and applause.”
“Maybe I’ll skip Paris (2024 Games), and go to Los Angeles (2028 Games) for the applause,” she joked. At last, she told reporters. “My son is 22 years old and I want to spend time with him. I want to be a mom.”
4. What is implied about Chusovitina?
A. She started gymnastics to meet her mother’s expectations.
B. She took home a gold medal in her own right in 2008.
C. She will probably not compete in the 2028 Olympic Games.
D. She preferred no audience when performing during the pandemic.
5. Why did Chusovitina choose to compete for German?
A. Because it would guarantee her a lot of prize money and medals.
B. Because she could secure a spot more easily in the Olympics.
C. Because she was granted German citizenship.
D. Because it meant better medical treatment for her son.
6. Which word can best describe Chusovitina as an athlete?
A. Curious. B. Determined. C. Sensitive. D. Careful.
7. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Chusovitina is both a legend athlete and a great mother.
B. The secret of Chusovitina’s success.
C. How to become a good athlete like Chusovitina.
D. Chusovitina is a record breaker in the Olympics.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了体操运动员丘索维金娜的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Veteran Oksana Chusovitina ended her legendary (传奇的) career on Sunday night after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games.(老将奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜在参加了创纪录的第八届奥运会后，于周日晚结束了她的传奇职业生涯)”和最后一段中的““Maybe I’ll skip Paris (2024 Games), and go to Los Angeles (2028 Games) for the applause,” she joked. At last, she told reporters, “My son is 22 years old and I want to spend time with him. I want to be a mom.”(“也许我会跳过巴黎(2024年奥运会)，去洛杉矶(2028年奥运会)获得掌声，”她开玩笑说。最后，她告诉记者：“我儿子22岁了，我想和他在一起。我想当个妈妈。”)”可知，丘索维金娜在周日晚结束了她的传奇职业生涯，说跳过巴黎去洛杉矶的话是开玩笑的，她想好好陪儿子。由此可推知，她可能不会参加2028年洛杉矶奥运会。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“When Chusovitina’s 3-year-old son was diagnosed with leukemia in 2002, she sold her possessions and used any prize money she earned to pay for his medical treatment. Her switch to German citizenship was motivated by the promise of a higher income and better medical care.(2002年，当丘索维金娜3岁的儿子被诊断出患有白血病时，她卖掉了自己的财产，用她赚来的所有奖金支付儿子的医疗费用。她成为德国公民的动机是希望获得更高的收入和更好的医疗服务。)”可知，丘索维金娜加入德国，为德国比赛，是因为希望获得更高的收入和更好的医疗服务，为儿子治病。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Veteran Oksana Chusovitina ended her legendary (传奇的) career on Sunday night after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games.(老将奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜在创纪录的第八次参加奥运会后，于周日晚上结束了她传奇的职业生涯。)”、第四段“When Chusovitina’s 3-year-old son was diagnosed with leukemia in 2002, she sold her possessions and used any prize money she earned to pay for his medical treatment. Her switch to German citizenship was motivated by the promise of a higher income and better medical care.(2002年，当丘索维金娜3岁的儿子被诊断出患有白血病时，她卖掉了自己的财产，用她赚来的所有奖金支付儿子的医疗费用。她成为德国公民的动机是希望获得更高的收入和更好的医疗服务。)”和第五段“After her son’s recovery, Chusovitina continued to compete, but this time it was her love of gymnastics that kept her going.(儿子康复后，丘索维金娜继续参加比赛，但这一次是她对体操的热爱让她坚持了下来。)”可知，丘索维金娜参加了八届奥运会，在儿子被诊断出患了白血病后，卖掉自己的财产，用赚来的所有奖金为儿子治病。儿子病好了之后，出于对体操的热爱，她继续参加比赛。由此可知，丘索维金娜是一个意志力很强的人。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读文章内容，尤其是文章第一段“Veteran Oksana Chusovitina ended her legendary (传奇的) career on Sunday night after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games.(老将奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜在创纪录的第八次参加奥运会后，于周日晚上结束了她传奇的职业生涯。)”、第四段“When Chusovitina’s 3-year-old son was diagnosed with leukemia in 2002, she sold her possessions and used any prize money she earned to pay for his medical treatment. Her switch to German citizenship was motivated by the promise of a higher income and better medical care.(2002年，当丘索维金娜3岁的儿子被诊断出患有白血病时，她卖掉了自己的财产，用她赚来的所有奖金支付儿子的医疗费用。她成为德国公民的动机是希望获得更高的收入和更好的医疗服务。)”和最后一段“At last, she told reporters, “My son is 22 years old and I want to spend time with him. I want to be a mom.”(最后，她告诉记者：“我儿子22岁了，我想和他在一起。我想当妈妈。”)”可知，本文主要介绍了体操运动员丘索维金娜的故事。她以46岁的高龄出现在东京奥运会的赛场上，八次参加奥运会，是一个传奇的运动员，也是一个好妈妈，A项“丘索维金娜既是一位传奇运动员，也是一位伟大的母亲”符合文意。故选A项。
C
Sharing a bed with a pet at night is a common feature of nighttime routines in the United States. According to a 2021 —2022 survey, 43 percent of pet dogs in the United States and 49 percent of pet cats sleep on their owner’s bed. When it comes to the perks of sharing your bed with your favourite furry friend, however, experts are divided.
First, it’s worth noting that the majority of research on the topic of co-sleeping with pets has focused on dogs rather than cats. Mark Fierstein, an internal medicine specialist at NYULangone Health in New York City, suggests this is because cats may want to play or even purposely wake up their owner. Rabbits or hamsters are also out of the question.
A benefit of sleeping with pets is that the practice may prevent loneliness, Fierstein says. “Often, people who co-sleep with pets report an increased sense of security, companionship, and relaxation,” he notes. “For some people, the dog’s warmth, steady heartbeat, and protective nature can make sleeping with them feel safe and cozy.” This may be especially true of people who are managing trauma (创伤) or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). LeslieSinn, a psychologist, says according to a survey, 60% of PTSD suffers feel calm down if they wake up to see the presence of the dog.
Some research suggests co-sleeping with pets may increase mid-night awakenings for people. “If the owner is a light sleeper, he or she may not do well with a dog or cat in the bedroom,”notes Fierstein. For example, he points out that a dog who snores (打呼噜) loudly is not an ideal sleeping mate.
Dogs may also show aggressive (好斗的) behaviour — such as biting. Allowing pets in the bedroom can also expose owners to potential allergens (过敏源), like pet hair, as well as viruses that cause disease.
8. What does the underlined word “perks” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Feelings. B. Dangers. C. Plans. D. Advantages.
9. Which might be a suitable pet to share a bed with?
A. A cat. B. A dog. C. A rabbit. D. A hamster.
10. What is a benefit of sleeping with pets?
A. Protecting pets. B. Avoiding loneliness.
C. Saving money. D. Keeping busy.
11. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Who Can Sleep with a Pet? B. Is It Beneficial to Keep a Pet?
C. Is Sleeping with a Pet a Good Idea? D. What Kind of Pet Can we Co-Sleep with?
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了让自己的宠物和自己一起睡在床上的好处以及由此可能带来的风险。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“A benefit of sleeping with pets is that the practice may prevent loneliness, Fierstein says.(菲尔斯坦说，和宠物一起睡觉的一个好处是，这种做法可以防止孤独感)”以及“For some people, the dog’s warmth, steady heartbeat, and protective nature can make sleeping with them feel safe and cozy.(通常情况下，与宠物共眠的人会有更强的安全感、陪伴感和放松感)”可知，文章前半部分主要谈论的都是与自己宠物分享床铺的好处。故画线词的意思是“好处”。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“First, it’s worth noting that the majority of research on the topic of co-sleeping with petshas focused on dogs rather than cats. Mark Fierstein, an internal medicine specialist at NYULangone Health in New York City, suggests this is because cats may want to play or even purposely wake up their owner. Rabbits or hamsters are also out of the question.(首先，值得注意的是，大多数关于与宠物共眠的研究都集中在狗身上，而不是猫。纽约市纽朗格尼健康中心的内科专家马克·菲尔斯坦认为，这是因为猫可能想要玩耍，甚至故意吵醒它们的主人。兔子或仓鼠也不在考虑之列)”推知，狗是最合适的分享床铺的宠物。故选B。
10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“A benefit of sleeping with pets is that the practice may prevent loneliness, Fierstein says.(菲尔斯坦说，和宠物一起睡觉的一个好处是，这种做法可以防止孤独感)”可知，让宠物陪伴睡眠，可以防止孤独寂寞。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sharing a bed with a pet at night is a common feature of nighttime routines in the United States. According to a 2021 — 2022 survey, 43 percent of pet dogs in the United States and 49 percent of pet cats sleep on their owner’s bed. When it comes to the perks of sharing your bed with your favourite furry friend, however, experts are divided.(在美国，晚上和宠物同睡一张床是一种常见的夜间习惯。根据2021 - 2022年的一项调查，美国43%的宠物狗和49%的宠物猫睡在主人的床上。然而，当谈到与你最喜欢的毛茸茸的朋友同床共枕的好处时，专家们意见不一)”以及这篇文章主要讨论的是让自己的宠物和自己一起睡在床上的好处以及由此可能带来的风险, 故C选项“和宠物一起睡觉是个好主意吗？”最合适文章标题。故选C。
D
Nearly 40 percent of Americans over the age of 65 take five or more different drugs, and doctors often simply have to monitor patients to see if any of those drugs combine to createnegative side effects. When a doctor prescribes(给……开药)a patient more than one drug atthe same time, they currently have no way to predict whether that combination of these drugswill have a negative side effect. A new system from a team of computer scientists at Stanford University presents a novel solution—an AI-driven computer system that can predict theconsequences of combining two drugs.
Drug combinations are a remarkably unstudied area, but as Marinka Zitnik explains, “It’spractically impossible to test a new drug in combination with all other drugs, because just forone drug that would be five thousand new experiments.” Besides, to maintain accuracy alsoneeds strict research procedures.
So Zitnik and her Stanford colleagues set out to find a solution to the problem. They created a massive deep learning system trained on data encompassing(包含)over l9,00 oproteins and how different drugs interact with those proteins. The system is called Decagon, and it can effectively predict the consequences of combining any two different drugs.
To test out Decagon’s predictive abilities the team examined 10 of the systems predicted drug pair interactions that didn’t have clearly known unfavourable interactions. The researchers found new supporting case study evidence backing up 8 of those 10 predictions. For example, one prediction from Decagon suggested muscle inflammation(炎症) would be caused by combining a certain cholesterol(胆固醇) drug with a blood pressure medication. This negative side effect of combining those two drugs was only recently confirmed by a casestudy published in 2017.
The next stage in the project is to try to turn Decagon into a more user-friendly tool thatdoctors can easily navigate(导航) for information when prescribing combinations of drugs, benefiting more people. At this stage, the system only evaluates(评估) drug pairs but there searchers hope to expand that into more complex combinations of drugs in the future.
12. What problem faces doctors when prescribing several drugs together?
A. They can’t prevent side effects of drugs.
B. They don’t know the bad influences of the combination.
C. They have to monitor whether patients will take drugs.
D. They must predict the effects of drugs with an Al system.
13. Why is the area of drug combinations almost unstudied?
A. They require numerous experiments.
B. They are not that important to people.
C. It’s rather expensive to do the research.
D. It’s impossible to keep results accurate.
14. What can we know about Decagon?
A. It can predict influences of combining three drugs.
B. It wouldn’t contribute to people’s deep learning.
C. It can tell the results of combining two drugs.
D. It analyses how proteins interact with each other.
15. Which aspect will researchers work on in the future?
A. Making the system availa ble to more people.
B. Improving some critical functions of the system.
C. Enhancing people’s recognition on its accuracy.
D. Adopting a more friendly attitude toward patients.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个医疗方面的系统Decagon，该系统可以帮助医生评估同时开出两种药有可能对病人产生的副作用，从而帮助医生开出正确的处方。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话“they currently have no way to predict whether that combination of these drugs will have a negative side effect(他们目前还没有办法预测这些药物的组合是否会产生负面的副作用。)”可知，医生开多种药物的处方时会遇到的问题是，他们不知道这种组合会产生什么样的负面影响。故选B。

2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“It’s practically impossible to test a new drug in combination with all other drugs，because just for one drug that would be five thousand new experiments.(几乎不可能将一种新药与所有其他药物结合起来进行测试，因为仅仅一种药物就需要进行5000次新的实验)”可知，要想知道一种药物与其他一种药物的反应，需要5000次的实验，那如果要想知道这种药物和其他所有药物的反应，可想而知要经过大量的实验，所以说药物组合的领域几乎没有被研究过是因为它们需要大量的实验。故选A。
3. 推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句话“The system is called Decagon, and it can effectively predict the consequences of combining any two different drugs.(这个系统被称为Decagon，它可以有效地预测任何两种不同药物结合的后果。)”可知，Decagon这个系统可以预测两种药物结合的后果。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“The next stage in the project is to try to turn Decagon into a more user-friendly tool thatdoctors can easily navigate(导航) for information when prescribing combinations of drugs, benefiting more people.At this stage, the system only evaluates(评估) drug pairs but there searchers hope to expand that into more complex combinations of drugs in the future.(该项目的下一步是试图将Decagon变成一个更加用户友好的工具，医生可以方便地在处方药物组合时导航获取信息，从而使更多的人受益。在这个阶段，该系统只评估药物对，但研究人员希望在未来将其扩展到更复杂的药物组合中。)”可知，下一个阶段，这个项目是想把这个系统变得对使用者更为友好，更方便于定位到要找的信息，研究人员希望未来可以将这个系统延伸到更多复杂药物的混合中去。比较四个选项，只有B选项“Improving some critical functions of the system(改进系统的一些关键功能。)”可以概括以上这些要点。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Read and Speak Like a TV News Reporter
TV news reporters seem to project confidence and authority when they speak. As is thecase with many skills, practice makes perfect when it comes to reporting. ____16____ Take notes and write down any characteristics you want to copy. Then, print out some news stories andpractise reading them on your own. After you’ve gained a little bit of confidence in your reading, start paying attention to your body language, facial expressions, and gestures(手势).
Watch the news to listen to how reporters sound.
Close your eves to focus on the reporter’s voice. Using their tone, the reporter tells youwhat is important, what is sad, what is exciting, and what you don’t want to miss. ____17____
Record yourseIf reading a report to spot your weaknesses.
Break out the video camera or smart phone and either record video or audio of yourself. Play it back and listen closely. Watch the news and compare your voice to the reporter’s. ____18____You are comparing yourself to professional newscasters while you are just gettingstarted. Simply compare to sec how you can improve.
____19____
Type up and print a news story that you want to practise reading. Use a font(字体) thatis 1. 5 “to 2”tall. This will most accurately reflect the teleprompter(提词器) type-style. Place the papers on a table across from you and try to read them while moving your eyes as little aspossible.
Be prepared to go off-script from time to time.
This is called ad-libbing(即兴演说), and you might see examples of it between twostories or at the end of a story on the news. ____20____ Come up with a few phrases you can usefor a variety of situations so that they sound natural.
A. You practise this way, too.
B. Look at the reporter’s body language.
C. Try not to criticize yourself too harshly.
D. It’s not so much what they’re saying, but how they are saying it.
E. Practise keeping your eyes still while reading from a distance.
F. The first step in learning to report the news is to watch the professionals.
G. A reporter might give a brief opinion or make a comment about the story.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述如何像电视新闻记者一样阅读和说话。
【详解】1. 根据下文“Then, print out some news stories and practise reading them on your own.(然后，打印出一些新闻故事，自己练习阅读。)”中的“Then”可知，F项的“The first step”是关键；根据下文“Take notes and write down any characteristics you want to copy.(记下并写下你想模仿的任何特征)”可知，记下并写下你想模仿的任何特征，这需要先观察，F项“学习报道新闻的第一步是观察专业人士”符合题意。故选F。

2. 根据本段标题“Watch the news to listen to how reporters sound.(看新闻，听记者的声音。)”可知本段主要建议“观看新闻，听听记者的声音”，注意他们的语气和语调，故D项“看的不是他们说的什么内容而是他们是如何说的”符合，对上文“Close your eves to focus on the reporter’s voice. Using their tone, the reporter tells youwhat is important, what is sad, what is exciting, and what you don’t want to miss(闭上眼睛，集中注意力听记者的声音。记者用他们的语气告诉你什么是重要的，什么是悲伤的，什么是令人兴奋的，什么是你不想错过的)”的总结。故选D。
3. 上文建议“Watch the news and compare your voice to the reporter’s.(观看新闻并将你的声音与记者的声音进行比较)”，下文“You are comparing yourself to professional newscasters while you are just getting started.(当你刚刚开始时，你正在将自己与专业新闻播音员进行比较。)”指出刚开始时，将自己与专业的新闻播音员进行比较，所以不要过于严厉要求自己，C项“尽量不要过于严厉地批评自己”与上下文意思吻合。故选C。
4. 根据本段最后一句“Place the papers on a table across from you and try to read them while moving your eyes as little as possible.(把文件放在你对面的桌子上，阅读的时候尽量不动眼睛)”可知，本段主要在讲练习在远距离阅读时保持眼睛静止，E 项“练习在远距离阅读时保持眼睛静止”作为小标题符合题意。故选E。
5. 根据本段小标题“Be prepared to go off-script from time to time.(做好时不时脱稿的准备。)”和上句“This is called ad-libbing, and you might see examples of it between two stories or at the end of a story on the news.(这被称为即兴表演，你可能会在两个故事之间或在新闻的结尾看到相关的例子。)”可知，要做好脱稿的准备，即对故事或新闻发表自己的意见，G项中的 the story是再现词，G项“记者可能会对这个故事发表简短的看法或评论。”符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Louis Tewanima seemed born to run. Like other Hopi people in the late 19th century, Louis ran for his mental and ____21____ well-being.
In 1907, Louis ____22____himself riding on one of the locomotives(火车头)that had amazed him as a boy. With no knowledge of the English language, he ____23____ east to the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Pennsylvania.
The ____24____ in Pennsylvania was much colder than what Louis was used to. He missed his family and his way of life. He turned to something ____25____, running. He’d seen the school’s track team practice, so he ____26____ the coach, Glenn S. “Pop” Warner, and asked if he could run for him.
After watching Louis run, Warner ____27____ realized Louis had talent. Warner coached him on ____28____ his stamina(耐力)and strength to track and field. It wasn’t long before medals, and ____29____ filled Louis’s room at the Carlisle school, and he became a _____30_____ in distance running in America. Even when he was _____31_____ difficulties, Louis prevailed(战胜). He once missed his train to a _____32_____ in Harrisburg. Instead of calling it a loss, he ran 18 miles to the event, arriving on time. He _____33_____ to compete in the two-mile race, and he _____34_____ first!
In 1908, Louis entered his first Olympic, and placed ninth in the marathon. Four years later, he _____35_____ in the 1912 Summer Olympic in Stockholm, Sweden. This time, he ran the 10,000-metre race and finished in second place.
21. A. financial B. spiritual C. physical D. overall
22. A. found B. caught C. employed D. occupied
23. A. walked B. headed C. drove D. rode
24 A. water B. school C. house D. weather
25. A. practical B. domestic C. fundamental D. familiar
26. A. investigated B. criticized C. approached D. sponsored
27. A. rarely B. immediately C. eventually D. seriously
28. A. applying B. directing C. delivering D. switching
29. A. cream B. prizes C. steak D. weapons
30. A. reminder B. celebrity C. hero D. loser
31. A. faced with B. paid for C. broken into D. filled with
32. A. station B. race C. meeting D. castle
33. A. demanded B. refused C. attempted D. proceeded
34. A. applauded B. finished C. ran D. explained
35. A. competed B. volunteered C. stood D. continued
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了1912年夏季奥运会万米赛的银牌获得者Louis Tewanima的励志故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像19世纪末的其他霍皮人一样，路易斯为了自己的身心健康而跑步。A. financial财政的；B. spiritual精神上的；C. physical身体上的；D. overall总的、全面的。由上文“Louis ran for his mental and”和下文“well-being”可知，此指精神和身体上的健康，physical与前面的mental为习惯搭配，表示“身心”。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：1907年，路易斯发现自己坐上了一辆小时候让他惊叹不已的火车头。A. found发现；B. caught捉住；C. employed雇佣；D. occupied占用。由下文“himself riding on one of the locomotives”可知，他发现自己坐在一辆一直让自己惊叹不已的火车上，find sb. doing sth意为“发现某人在做某事”。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于不懂英语，他向东去了宾夕法尼亚州的卡莱尔印第安工业学校。A. walked走路；B. headed前往；C. drove开车；D. rode骑行。由下文“east to the Carlislelndian Industrial School in Pennsylvania”可知，他向东去了宾夕法尼亚州的卡莱尔印第安工业学校，head east意为“向东走”。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：宾夕法尼亚州的天气比路易习惯的天气要冷得多。A. water水；B. school学校；C. house房子；D. weather天气。由下文“in Pennsylvania was much colder than what Louis was used to”可知，此处指天气冷。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他转向一个熟悉的东西——跑步。A. practical实用的；B. domestic国内的、家庭的；C. fundamental根本的、基本的、必需的；D. familiar熟悉的。由本文第一段第一句“Louis Tewanima seemed born to run”可知，路易斯似乎天生就是跑步的料，所以他对跑步很熟悉，something familiar意为“熟悉的事情”。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看过学校的田径队训练，所以他与教练接洽。A. investigated调查；B. criticized批评；C. approached接近、接洽、与……交谈；D. sponsored赞助。由下文“asked if he could run for him.”可知，路易斯找到教练，与他交谈，故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：看到路易斯跑步后，华纳立刻意识到路易斯很有天赋。A. rarely稀有地；B. immediately立即；C. eventually最后；D. seriously认真地。由上文“After watching Louis run”和下文“realized Louis had talent可知，华纳立即意识到路易斯是有天赋的。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：华纳教他如何在田径运动中运用自己的耐力和体力。A. applying应用；B. directing指导；C. delivering运送；D. switching转换。由下文“his stamina and strength to track and feld”可知，此处指把他的耐力和力量运用到田径上，apply...to...固定搭配，意为“把……应用于……”。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，奖牌和奖品已经堆满了路易斯在卡莱尔学校的房间里，他成为了美国长跑界的名人。A. cream奶油；B. prizes奖品；C. steak牛排；D. weapons武器。由上文的“medals, and”可知，应该是奖牌和奖品。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，奖牌和奖品已经堆满了路易斯在卡莱尔学校的房间里，他成为了美国长跑界的名人。A. reminder提醒、通知单；B. celebrity名人；C. hero英雄；D. loser失败者。由上文的“It wasn’t long before medals, and ____9____ filled Louis’s room at the Carlisle school”和下文“in distance running in America”可知，路易斯的奖牌和奖品堆满了房间，说明他出名了，成为了美国长跑项目的名人。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：即使遇到困难，路易斯还是战胜了它们。A. faced with面对；B. paid for支付；C. broken into闯入；D. filled with填满。由下文“difficulties”可知，此处指面临困难，be faced with意为“面临；面对”。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他有一次错过了去哈里斯堡参加比赛的火车。A. station车站；B. race比赛；C. meeting会议；D. castle城堡。由下文“He ____13____ to compete in the two-mile race”可知，他是去参加比赛，race是同词复现。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他继续参加两英里赛跑，并获得了第一名！A. demanded要求、需要；B. refused拒绝；C. attempted企图、试图；D. proceeded继续。由上文“Instead of calling it a loss, he ran 18 miles to the event, arriving on time.”可知，他跑了18公里准时到达比赛现场来参加比赛，说明他“继续”参加了比赛，proceeded符合语境。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他继续参加两英里赛跑，并获得了第一名！A. applauded鼓掌、称赞；B. finished结束；C. ran跑步；D. explained解释。由下文“first”可知，他第一个完成比赛，获得冠军，“he finished first”意为“他第一个冲到终点”。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：四年后，他参加了1912年在瑞典斯德哥尔摩举行的夏季奥运会。A. competed竞争；B. volunteered志愿；C. stood站立；D. continued继续。由下文“in the 1912 Summer Olympic in Stockholm, Sweden”可知，他参加了这次夏季奥运会，在比赛中竞争。故选A项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new study found that nearly half of bald eagles____36____(test) across the United States show signs of repeated lead (铅) exposure. Researchers examined the blood, bones, feathers and liver tissue (肝脏组织) of l,210 eagles between 2010 and 20l8.
Lead is a poisonous substance ____37____ affects the nervous system and interferes (妨碍) with the normal function of nerve cells. Even in low amounts, lead can reduce bald eagles’ ability ____38____ (fly), hunt and reproduce. In high amounts, lead causes ____39____(breathe) difficulty and death.
Bald eagles are one of America’s most celebrated conservation success stories. The birds ____40____(remove) from the U. S. Endangered Species List in 2007. But scientists say that high lead levels are still ____41____ concern. Lead exposure also reduces their ability to face future difficulties, such as climate change or infectious diseases.
“Lead is available to these birds more than we ____42____( previous) thought,” said VinceSlabe, a research wildlife biologist at the nonprofit group Conservation Science Global.
The blood samples from live eagles in the new study were taken from birds trapped andstudied ____43____other reasons. The bone, feather and liver samples came from eagles killed by vehicles, power lines or other causes.
The researchers also found higher levels of lead exposure in fall ____44____winter. During these months, eagles eat animal remains left by hunters. These remains often contain many______45______(piece) of lead ammunition (弹药).
【答案】36. tested
37. that##which
38. to fly 39. breathing
40. were removed
41. a 42. previously
43. for 44. and##or
45. pieces
【解析】
【导语】文章属于新闻类说明文。一项新的研究发现，在美国各地进行的测试中，近一半的秃鹰显示出反复接触铅的迹象。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一项新的研究发现，在美国接受测试的秃鹰中，近一半的秃鹰显示出反复接触铅的迹象。bald eagles与test之间为被动关系，应用过去分词短语，作后置定语。故填tested。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：铅是一种有毒物质，会影响神经系统，干扰神经细胞的正常功能。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词为a poisonous substance，指物，关系词在中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：即使铅含量很低，也会降低秃鹰飞行、捕猎和繁殖的能力。名词ability后面用动词不定式，作后置定语。故填to fly。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：大量的铅会导致呼吸困难和死亡。此处为动名词作定语，意为“呼吸困难”。故填breathing。
【40题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：2007年，这种鸟被从美国濒危物种名单中除名。根据in 2007可知，应用一般过去时态。根据句意The birds与remove之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且句子主语是复数The birds。故填were removed。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：但科学家表示，高铅含量仍然是一个问题。此处为泛指，表示“一个问题，一个担忧”，且concern是以辅音音素开头的词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：“铅对这些鸟类的影响比我们之前想象的要大，”非营利组织“全球保护科学”的野生动物生物学家文斯·拉贝说。此处修饰动词thought，应用副词previously，作状语。故填previously。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：在这项新研究中，活鹰的血液样本取自捕获的鸟类，并出于其他原因进行了研究。固定短语for other reasons“因为其他原因”，此处for表示原因。故填for。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：研究人员发现，在秋天和（或）冬天有着更高程度的“铅暴露”。此处用并列连词and或or把两个季节连在一起。故填and或or。
【45题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：这些遗骸通常含有许多铅弹碎片。根据空前many可知，此处应该用名词的复数形式。故填pieces。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你班的澳大利亚交流生Catherine在你市举办的“外国人写汉字”书法大赛中荣获一等奖，请你给她写一封邮件。内容包括：

1. 祝贺她获奖；
2. 请她分享经验；

3. 希望她明年也参加。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】【参考范文】
Dear Catherine,
I’ve learned with delight that you have won the first prize in the handwriting competition. I’m writing to offer my congratulations from the bottom of my heart.
For months, not only have you read many books about Chinese calligraphy, but you’ve kept on practicing it every day. Now your efforts have paid off. In the meantime, I really wish to improve my handwriting, so could you please share your experience and unique ideas on handwriting?
I do hope you’ll also participate in next year’s competition. I’m certain that you’ll make greater achievements.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，要求考生给班上澳大利亚交流生Catherine写一封邮件，祝贺她在“外国人写汉字”书法大赛中荣获一等奖，并请她分享经验，邀请她明年继续参加比赛。

【详解】1.词汇积累
了解：learn→ know
高兴：delight→ pleasure
努力：effort→ hard-working
提升：improve→ promote
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to offer my congratulations from the bottom of my heart.
拓展句：I’m writing to offer my congratulations, which are from the bottom of my heart.

【点睛】【高分句型1】I’ve learned with delight that you have won the first prize in the handwriting competition. (运用that引导宾语从句)
【高分句型2】For months, not only have you read many books about Chinese calligraphy, but you’ve kept on practicing it every day. (运用not only …but also…和倒装结构)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料﹐根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段﹐使之构成一篇完整的短文。
School volunteers don’t get paid money，but sometimes we receive special gifts. One morning，just before Christmas vacation，I was selling tickets to our grade school’s lastevening performance of The Nutcracker.
One of my customers that day was a parent. “I think it’s awful that I have to pay to see my own child perform,”she announced，yanking(猛扯)a wallet from her purse.
“The school asks for a voluntary donation to help pay for scenery and costumes,”I explained，“but no one has to pay. You’re welcome to all the tickets you need. ”
“Oh，I’ll pay,”she said unhappily. “Two adults and a child. ”She plunked down(猛地放下) a ten-dollar bill. I gave her the change and her tickets. She stepped aside，holding her purse. That’s when the boy waiting behind her emptied a pocketful of change onto the table.
“How many tickets?”I asked.
“I don’t need tickets,”he said. “I’m paying. ”He pushed the coins across the table. “But you’ll need tickets to see the show tonight. ”
He shook his head. “I’ve already seen the show. ”
I pushed the pile of nickels，dimes，and quarters back. “You don’t have to pay to sce theshow with your class,”l told him. “That’s free. ”
“No,”the boy insisted. “I saw it last night. My brother and I arrived late. We couldn’t find anyone to buy tickets from，so we just walked in. ”
Lots of people in that crowd had probably “just walked in” The few volunteers present couldn’t check everyone for a ticket. Anyway，it ‘s OK. As I’d told the parent ahead of this boy ，the donation was voluntary.
He pushed his money back to me. “I’m paying now，for last night,”he said， I knew this boy and his brother must have squeezed into the back of that crowd. And being late to the hall，they couldn’t possibly have seen the whole show. I hated to take his money. A pile of coins in a kid’s hand is usually carefully saved allowance money.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右﹔
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
So I decided to make some efforts to persuade him to give up paying.
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Our conversation somewhat affected the woman who had complained about buying tickets.
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【答案】One possible version:
So I decided to make some efforts to persuade him to give up paying. “If the ticket table was closed when you got there, you couldn’t pay,” I reasoned. “Nobody knows the difference,” I assured him. “Don’t worry about it” “Thinking the matter was settled, I started to push the coins back. He put his hand on mine.” I know the difference. For a moment our hands bridged the money. Then I spoke, “Two tickets cost two dollars. The pile of coins added up to the correct amount. Thank you,” I said. The boy smiled, turned away and was gone.
Our conversation somewhat affected the woman who had complained about buying tickets. “Excuse me,” I looked up, surprised to see the woman who had bought her own tickets moments earlier. She was still there, purse open, change and tickets in hand. “Why don’t you keep this change,” she said quietly. “The scenery is beautiful, and those costumes couldn’t have been cheap.” She handed me a few dollar bills, and left. Little did that boy know that he had given us both our first gift of the Christmas season.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了身为校园志愿者的作者在圣诞前夕的义演募捐活动中先后遇到的两个人：一位学生家长不太情愿付钱买票但还是出钱了；一个小男孩则带着一堆零钱表示已经看过演出执意要补票。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“所以我决定付出一些努力来劝他放弃付钱。”可知，第一段可描写作者试图劝小男孩放弃付钱，但在他的执意要求下接受了他的善意。
②由第二段首句内容“我们的对话有些影响到之前抱怨买票的女士。”可知，第二段可描写那位家长转变了态度，理解了募捐活动的好意并作出了实际行动。
2.续写线索：劝说男孩——男孩执意付钱——理解并接受——女士受影响——捐出零钱——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①解释：explain/reason/commentary
②.转过身去：turn around/turn away
③.给：give/offer
情绪类
①.惊讶：surprised/amazed/astonished
②.担心：worry about/be worried about/feel anxious
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Thinking the matter was settled, I started to push the coins back.（运用了非谓语动词用法中的现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. I looked up, surprised to see the woman who had bought her own tickets moments earlier.（运用了关系代词who引导的定语从句）
[高分句型3]. Little did that boy know that he had given us both our first gift of the Christmas season.（运用了little在句首引导的部分倒装）