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2022-2023学年江苏省扬州市仪征市八年级（下）期末英语试卷（含答案解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省扬州市仪征市八年级（下）期末英语试卷（含答案解析），文件包含第1课时初步认识比热容pptx、加热水和煤油mp4、比较水沙石的比热容mp4、比较金属的比热熔冰mp4、水和煤油的吸热能力对比mp4、水和煤油的吸热能力对比swf等6份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共23页， 欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年江苏省扬州市仪征市八年级（下）期末英语试卷
1.There was interview with Mr.Lu yesterday.But it was a pity that I missed beginning.（ ）
A. an；a B. a；the C. an；the D. the；a
2.Don't stand __________ the window.It's too dangerous.（ ）
A. against B. with C. along D. in
3.---Why do you click on this icon？
--- ________the pictures out.（ ）
A. Print B. Printing C. To print D. Printed
4.I'm feeling much better now，Mum.So you ____________ take me to hospital.（ ）
A. couldn't B. can't C. mustn't D. don't have to
5.I once volunteered for a travel magazine for half a year and the ________ helped me get a job as a reporter.（ ）
A. education B. condition C. situation D. experience
6.—I'm sorry，Mum.I can't help you with the housework now.
—Never mind. ，thank you very much.（ ）
A. Besides B. Otherwise C. Moreover D. Anyway
7.— How would you like to celebrate your 14th birthday？
— I want to work as a volunteer at community centres.It's ________.（ ）
A. meaningful B. careful C. hopeful D. harmful
8.Wait politely，please.Don't ________ on others.（ ）
A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut off
9.—How brave he is!He saved all of us!
—Exactly!He is my hero _________.（ ）
A. in my way B. in this way C. on my way D. in some ways
10.We need education because it helps us know how to ___________ our life.（ ）
A. improve B. realize C. refuse D. lift
11.—Sir，it seems hard for me to finish the task alone.
—Don't worry.A lot of support____________soon.（ ）
A. was offered B. is offered C. will be offered D. were offered
12.—Do you think I can catch the train to Yancheng？
—I'm afraid you can't.It ________ for two minutes.（ ）
A. left B. was leaving C. has left D. has been away
13."It's important for us to protect our environment wisely."
Can you tell the mistake in the sentence above？（ ）
A. Missing word. B. Grammatical mistake.
C. Spelling mistake. D. Word usage mistake.
14.—Madam, you are fined for over-speeding. Please sign here.
—Fined? Over-speeding? ______
A. No worries. B. Never mind.
C. Are you serious? D. Are you all right?
15.—Mr.Wu,is it too late for me to begin working hard now？
—Never!Haven't you heard that ？（ ）
A. the early bird catches the worm B. every dog has its day
C. better late than never D. practice makes perfect
Bethany Hamilton is from Hawaii.When she was just 13 years old，she and her friend were surfing in the ocean.While they were（1） ______ ，a shark attacked（袭击） Hamilton and she lost her left arm after that.
Hamilton was sent to the hospital （2） ______ .When she arrived，she had already lost more than half of her blood and（3） ______ died.But doctors saved her life.Hamilton loved surfing，and she didn't want to stop.Of course，it was much harder for her now（4） ______ she only had one arm.First，she got a（5） ______ surfboard（冲浪板）.This board was thicker and it was easier to control （控制）.Then，she started to exercise her（6） ______ .She needed stronger legs because she had to kick more to push the board through the water.Finally，she learned（7） ______ to surf with only one arm.
Less than one month after the accident，she was surfing again.
Today，Hamilton is an excellent professional（职业的） surfer.She surfs in all competitions around the（8） ______ .She has been in competitions in the USA，Brazil，and Australia.In total，she has won four important （9） ______ .She no longer needs a special surfboard.She uses the same kind of surfboard that （10） ______ else uses.
Hamilton uses her experiences to（11） ______ people never to give up.She wrote a book about the（12） ______ attack and her difficulties.She also goes on TV shows.In 2011，her experiences were even（13） ______ into a movie.She has also won several awards for her courage（勇气）.
Hamilton says that helping people has been a wonderful experience for（14） ______ .She says that she has learned a lot about life，love，and being（15） ______ .However，although so many things have happened to her，she says she is still just a surfer.
16.A. surfing B. sailing C. skating D. swimming
17.A. at last B. at first C. at once D. at times
18.A. badly B. closely C. nearly D. exactly
19.A. but B. because C. if D. so
20.A. simple B. special C. smooth D. soft
21.A. eyes B. ears C. legs D. feet
22.A. how B. who C. where D. when
23.A. country B. world C. city D. town
24.A. chances B. changes C. conversations D. competitions
25.A. nobody B. anybody C. somebody D. everybody
26.A. teach B. expect C. warn D. allow
27.A. eagle B. lion C. tiger D. shark
28.A. made B. separated C. looked D. translated
29.A. me B. him C. her D. you
30.A. honest B. strong C. serious D. wise
Q
When we talk about the UK，what will you think of？The Lake District，Downing Street and Tower Bridge are always our hot topics.But there are many other facts about the UK.Come and see!
The most popular museum is the British Museum in London.Over six million people visit it every year.It is open from 10：00 a.m.to 5：00 p.m.But on Friday，the closing time is 8：30 p.m.
Big Ben is not the name of a man.It is the name of a big clock in London.This clock has four faces.So，no matter where you stand，you can read the time on the face of Big Ben.Each face is the size of a bus.The hands are about four meters long.It is about the size of two people standing on top of each other.You will probably hear it and see it.The big clock makes such a loud noise.
Hungry？Beef and chicken are tasty，fruit and vegetables are healthy，and sandwiches are simple.Short of money？The cheapest food is fish and chips.And it's delicious.
31.When can we visit the British Museum？ ______
A. At 9：00 a.m.Monday. B. At 9：30 a.m.Tuesday.
C. At 5：00 p.m.Wednesday. D. At 5：30 p.m.Friday.
32.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ ______
A. You can't read the time on the face of Big Ben from four sides.
B. Fish and chips is not only delicious but also the cheapest food.
C. The hands of Big Ben are about the same size of at all man.
D. Beef and chicken are delicious but unpopular in the UK.
33.Where does the passage probably come from？ ______
A. A storybook. B. A film poster.
C. A travel guide. D. A science magazine.
R
I gave the young man I had rescued（救）bread and water.He was tired out and fell quickly asleep.I guessed his age at around twenty-six.He was tall and strong and looked kind，especially when he smiled.He slept only about a half.Again he made gestures（手势） to show that he was grateful to me.
We communicated by gestures at first.Soon he showed himself much better at learning my language than I was at learning his.I told him I'm Robinson.I called him Friday，for it was on a Friday that I rescued him.He quickly learned "yes" and "no" and the names of many things.
At first，I didn't completely trust Friday and he was separated from me in another room.But soon I found it unnecessary.Nobody would be more loyal than Friday.He seemed almost to consider me like a father.Friday was also willing to help in any way.
For the next three years，I taught Friday to use all my tools.I took him to see everything I had made.Friday was quick to help with the work on the island.One day，I showed Friday the ruin of the wreck（沉船）.I explained that I had come upon the island the same way.That was when Friday told me the most amazing thing.He saw such a wreck before，not far from his home.
"My guys and I rescue the white men from drown." he said.
I asked him how many men they had rescued，and he showed me on his fingers—seventeen.I was surprised at the idea of a group of Europeans so close.I took Friday to the highest point of the island where other lands could be seen.He began jumping and dancing.
—Adapted from Robinson Crusoe
34.When did I rescue the young man？ ______
A. When he was in his forties. B. When he looked unkind.
C. When it was a Friday night. D. When he was tired out.
35.What might be the correct order of what happened in the story？ ______
a.I taught Friday to use all of my tools.
b.Friday saw a wreck not far from his home.
c.Friday was willing to help me in any way.
d.I rescued a young man who I called Friday.
e.I took Friday to the highest point of the island.
A. d-e-c-a-b B. d-c-a-b-e C. b-d-c-a-e D. b-c-a-d-e
36.Who does the underlined word " they" in the last Paragraph refer to？ ______
A. Friday and his guys. B. The white men.
C. Seventeen Europeans. D. Friday's guys.
37.Which words can best describe Friday？ ______
A. Clever and funny. B. Loyal but rude.
C. Loyal and clever. D. Clever but careless.
"Do you want to grow your own vegetables？" Mom asked "Yes!" My eyes got wide.Mom smiled at my excitement.She gave me a book on gardening，and I carefully planted some seeds（种子） in the backyard.
After supper，I rushed to see how much they might grow.Nothing!My mouth dropped "Someone stole my seeds!" Mom laughed from ear to ear.She said "Johnny，go and check the book." I hung my head down.I read the book and I knew something needed to be done.
Early the next morning，I ran to the backyard.Everything looked the same but I wasn't that disappointed（失望）.As the book said，I lightly watered my seeds and stuck my finger in the soil to make sure it wasn't too dry.That evening，I couldn't help going to check my garden again.No sign of anything green.Just dirt.
The next morning I rushed to the garden again.No changes. "Why is it taking so long for the seeds to grow？" I asked. "Grow up!" I shouted. "Please，just grow，" I almost cried.Mom was too busy with housework to help. "Read the book，and wait patiently." So I read it again.I cleaned up the grass from the soil and watered the seeds.
Then one morning，I walked out to my garden.I wasn't expecting to see anything yet.To my surprise，a little bit of green came into my eyes.I got down on my knees for a closer look.
"They grew!" I shouted.I could see little green leaves growing everywhere!I was so excited "They finally grew!The book is right." It took several days for the seeds to be in the soil before coming out.
38.From the passage，we know Johnny felt ______ to grow his own vegetables at first.
A. bored B. excited C. worried D. nervous
39.Johnny stuck his finger in the soil to ______ .
A. make sure it wasn't too dry B. look for the seeds
C. make sure it wasn't too wet D. find something green
40.From the book，something needed to be done except ______ while growing vegetables.
A. watering the seeds
B. digging up the seeds from time to time
C. cleaning up the grass
D. waiting for the seeds to grow patiently
41.What can we learn from this passage？ ______
A. Rome was not built in one day. B. Many hands make light work.
C. Actions speak louder than words. D. The early bird catches the worm.
T
A report shows that each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste in China.Where does the waste go？People usually burn or bury （埋） it.We also receive waste from some developed countries.We get useful materials from it.What about the useless part？Still burned or buried.But is it a proper way？
Waste pollutes the environment，harms people's health and causes animals to die.It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development.We can't make money at the cost of the environment.We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations （代，辈）.
China is getting really serious about waste now.
We are taking less waste from developed countries.From January 2018，China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country.And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made.Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
China also tries to put waste into good use.One example is the waste electricity（电） factories.They burn waste to make electricity in a green way.No harmful gases or water will get into the environment.
The Chinese government is encouraging people to separate waste into different groups.Cities like Shanghai，Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting（分类） systems.More will join them soon.More and more people are developing the habit of separating their waste.
42.The writer starts the passage by ______ .
A. telling stories B. providing numbers
C. raising questions D. giving suggestions
43.The underlined word "sustainable" in Paragraph 2 means " ______ " in Chinese.
A. 可享受的 B. 可持续的 C. 可借鉴的 D. 可复活的
44.From the last three paragraphs，we can learn that ______ .
A. China has stopped 24 kinds of waste entering our country for years
B. all the people are forming the habit of separating waste in China
C. no harmful gases or water will be able to get into the environment
D. China is paying more and more attention to the waste at present
45.The structure of the passage may be ______ .
A. B.
C. D.
46.There are too many cars in the city，so air ______ （pollute） is a serious problem.
47.He didn't want to risk ______ （lose ) everything all at one time.
48.People don't feel well when the temperature is in the ______ .（thirty）
49.I think this is the ______ moment of my life.(proud)
50.It is important for us to protect rich resources ______ on the earth. （wise）
51.The novels we are reading are one of the ______ . （加拿大人）
52.We can see different kinds of birds in these ______ （岛屿） countries.
53.Rubbish must be ______ （分开、分隔） into different groups and then recycled.
54.35% of the ______ （年老的） feel lonely from time to time since their children don't live with them.
55.The overnight train runs every night of the week ______ （除……之外） Saturdays.
56.I was careful to behave as well as possible，to persuade the King to give me my freedom.Lilliputians soon began to lose their fear of me.They called me the Man-Mountain.Sometimes I lay down and let them dance on my hand，and from time to time children came to play games in my hair.By now I was able to speak their language well.
One day the King invited me to watch the regular entertainments，which are greatly enjoyed by him，his family，and his lords and ladies.I was most interested in the rope-dancing.A very thin rope is fixed thirty centimeters above the ground.People who want to become the King's most important officials jump and dance on this rope，and whoever jumps highest without falling gets the best job.Sometimes the King orders his lords to dance on the rope，to show that they can still do it.This sport is，of course，rather dangerous，and there are occasional （偶尔的） deaths as a result.It seems a strange way of choosing officials.
There was another interesting entertainment.The King holds a stick in front of him，and sometimes moves it up and down.One by one，people come up to him and jump over the stick or crawl under it.They go on jumping and crawling as the King moves the stick.The winner is the one who jumps and crawls for the longest time，and he receives a blue ribbon （缎带） to wear round his waist.The second best receives a red ribbon，and the third best gets a green one.Many of the Lilliput lords wear their ribbons proudly at all times.I had certainly never seen entertainment like this in any of the countries I had visited before.
—Adapted from Gulliver's Travels
根据短文内容回答问题（每小题答案不超过10个单词）。
(1) What did Lilliputians call the writer？ ______
(2) How high is the thin rope fixed above the ground？ ______
(3) Why do people dance on the rope？ ______
(4) Did people jump over the stick one by one or together ？ ______
(5) How did Lilliput lords feel when wearing their ribbons？ ______
China is an old country with a rich culture.When travelling to China，understanding Chinese c （1） ______ and customs（习俗） is important for you to behave in a good way.
It's becoming popular for foreigners to be i（2） ______ into Chinese homes.Being invited to a Chinese family's home can be a wonderful and warm e （3） ______ .Chinese people are known to be very welcoming（好客）.When you're invited to a Chinese family's home，make sure that you arrive on time.Don't forget to say good words about s（4） ______ special you like in the house.Gifts are usually given when visiting someone's home or being invited for dinner.Chinese people like to r（5） ______ fruit or tea in a nice box or basket.
After some small talks，c（6） ______ the dinner.A Chinese dinner table is a happy place，full of delicious food and conversation.When invited over for dinner，make sure to notice what everybody e （7） ______ is doing and try to do the same.You'd better eat plenty of food to show you're enjoying it.Don't finish off the w（8） ______ dish，but leave a small amount of food on the plates.It shows that the host has prepared enough food.
For foreigners，Chinese people may be very curious（好奇的）.Chinese people aren't afraid to ask personal questions，even if you've met for the f （9） ______ time.So，don't be surprised to be asked things like your age，your education or your work.You do not have to answer these questions.If you don't want to talk about your own life，just explain to them.
Enjoy y（10） ______ in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese.As a guest in China，you will get special treatment.And your hosts make sure you will have a good time.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.澳大利亚的季节和我们的相反。 ______
68.他每周怎么和他父母保持联系？ ______
69.直到他昨天被告知，他才意识到自己的错误。 ______
70.Simon太激动了而没有能清晰的表达自己。 ______
71.最重要的事情不是赢得金牌或银牌，而是参与。 ______
72.每位同学都希望成为学校中受欢迎的人。你校近期将以"Being a Popular Student"为题，举办一次演讲比赛，请以李华的名义，写一篇英文演讲稿。
兴趣爱好
旅游、阅读（给出喜欢的理由）
行为习惯
1.注重礼仪（举例说明）；2.自拟一点
绿色生活
1.节约用水（举例说明）；2.自拟一点
公益活动
……（至少两点）
注意：
（1）词数：100 词左右，已给出的文字不计入总词数；
（2）短文必须包括表格中所有的信息，并作适当的发挥；
（3）短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名等相关信息。
Being a Popular Student
Hello，everyone.My name is Li Hua.I want to be a popular student with my classmates and teachers.I'm glad to make a speech here.________
Thank you for listening!
答案和解析
1.【答案】C
【解析】a，an 是不定冠词，表泛指，译为"一个"，a用在辅音音素开头的单词前面；an用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the是定冠词，表特指。第一空因为有一个采访，是泛指，用不定冠词，又因interview是以元音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词an；beginning"开始"，the beginning固定用法，开始。
故选：C。
昨晚有一个对陆先生的采访，但遗憾的是我错过了开始．
掌握冠词的具体用法，分析选项，结合语境选择正确答案。
2.【答案】A
【解析】against倚，靠；with有，一起；along沿着；in在里面；根据Don't stand __________ the window（不要____窗户站着） ，可知此处用against，表示"靠"。
故选：A。
不要靠窗站着。这很危险。
注意介词用法，结合语境，选择正确答案。
3.【答案】C
【解析】根据句意：-你为什么点击这个图标？-为了将图片打印出来。此处是不定式表目的。
故选：C。
-你为什么点击这个图标？
-为了将图片打印出来。
熟悉不定式的用法，结合题意，给出答案。
4.【答案】D
【解析】couldn't不能；can't不能；mustn't禁止；don't have to不需要；根据句意，I'm feeling much better now（我现在好多了），可知不需要带我去医院。
故选：D。
我现在感觉好多了，妈妈。所以你不需要带我去医院。
掌握情态动词的含义及区别，结合语境，得出正确答案。
5.【答案】D
【解析】education教育；condition条件；situation情况；experience经历。根据"I once volunteered for a travel magazine for half a year"可知，"在旅游杂志做半年的志愿者"是一段经历，应用experience。
故选：D。
我曾经为一家旅游杂志做过半年的志愿者，这段经历帮助我找到了一份记者的工作。
熟悉名词词义及用法，结合题意，给出答案。
6.【答案】D
【解析】besides"除......之外"；otherwise"否则"；moreover"此外"；anyway"无论如何"。根据" Never mind."可知没关系。无论如何，非常感谢你。
故选：D。
---对不起，妈妈。我现在帮不了你做家务。
---没关系。无论如何，非常感谢你。
首先要判断各个选项的汉语意思和用法，然后结合句意选择恰当的一项。
7.【答案】A
【解析】meaningful有意义的；careful仔细的；hopeful有希望的；harmful有害的。根据上一句"I want to work as a volunteer at community centres. "可知在社区中心做志愿者是有意义的，meaningful符合题意。
故选：A。
—你想怎么庆祝你的14岁生日？
—我想在社区中心做一名志愿者。这很有意义。
熟练掌握形容词的意思及用法，分析选项，结合具体句意选择正确答案。
8.【答案】A
【解析】cut in打断；cut down砍倒；cut out切去；cut off中断。根据"Wait politely，please."可知，是让礼貌些。因此是不要打断他人。
故选：A。
请礼貌地等待，不要打断别人。
熟练掌握常用动词短语的意思及用法，结合具体句意，选择正确答案。
9.【答案】D
【解析】in my way挡路；in this way用这种方式；on my way在路上；in some ways在某种程度上。根据"He saved all of us"以及"He is my hero"可知他救了我们，所以在某种程度上他是英雄。
故选：D。
—他真勇敢！他救了我们所有人。
—确实。在某种程度上他是我的英雄。
正确辨析几个选项的汉语意思，然后结合题干句意分析作答。
10.【答案】A
【解析】A.提高，改善，B.意识到，C.拒绝，D.举起，结合句意，我们需要教育因为它帮助我们知道如何____我们的生活。判断空格处词义为"改善"。
故选：A。
我们需要教育因为它帮助我们知道如何改善我们的生活。
掌握动词的含义，结合句意作答。
11.【答案】C
【解析】根据上文意思"先生，我一个人完成任务似乎很难。"和答语"很快"，可知答语第二句时态为一般将来时态；主语A lot of support和动词offer是被动关系，故句子的语态为一般将来时态的被动语态，其结构是：will be +过去分词。
故选：C。
—先生，我一个人完成任务似乎很难。
—别担心。很快就会提供很多支持。
根据时间状语和语境判断时态，根据主语和动词之间的主被动关系判断语态。
12.【答案】D
【解析】根据"for two minutes"可知句子应用现在完成时，并且谓语动词得是延续性动词，动词leave为非延续性动词，因此应用be away来表示"离开"。A一般过去时；B过去进行时；C现在完成时；D现在完成时。
故选：D。
—你觉得我能赶上去盐城的火车吗？
—恐怕你不能。它已经离开两分钟了。
正确判断句子时态，结合题意，给出答案。
13.【答案】C
【解析】上句中environment拼音是错误的，正确的拼音应该是environment.所以此处是拼音错误。Spelling mistake就是拼写错误的意思。
故选：C。
"对我们来说，明智地保护环境是很重要的。"
你能指出文中的错误吗？
仔细阅读题目，发现其中的错误是解决此题的关键。
14.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——女士，对于超速行车你被罚款，请在这里签字。——罚款？超速？你是说真的？A.不用担心；B.不要紧；C.你是说真的；D.你还好吗。根据题意，故选C。
15.【答案】C
【解析】the early bird catches the worm早起的鸟儿有虫吃；every dog has its day凡人皆有得意日；better late than never迟做总比不做好；practice makes perfect熟能生巧。根据is it too late for me to begin working hard now？Never！"我现在开始努力工作是不是太迟了？绝不！"可知，"迟做总比不做好"。
故选：C。
--吴先生，我现在开始努力工作是不是太迟了？
--绝不！你没听说迟做总比不做好吗？
首先要理解句意，然后根据语境，选择相应的谚语，还要理解谚语的寓意，选择恰当答案。
16~30.【答案】A、C、C、B、B、C、A、B、D、D、A、D、A、C、B
【解析】（1）考查现在分词。句意：当他们冲浪时，一条鲨鱼袭击了汉密尔顿，之后她失去了左臂。surfing冲浪；sailing航行；skating滑冰；swimming游泳。根据she and her friend were surfing in the ocean.（她和她的朋友在海里冲浪。）可知，此处应该表示当他们冲浪的时候。故选A。
（2）考查副词短语。句意：汉密尔顿立即被送到医院。at last最后；at first起初；at once立即；at times有时候。根据语境，此处应该表示当意外发生后，她立即被送到医院。故选C。
（3）考查副词。句意：当她到达时，她已经失血过半，差点死亡。badly严重地；closely密切地；nearly几乎；exactly准确地。根据When she arrived，she had already lost more than half of her blood（当她到达时，她已经失血过半）可知，此处应该表示她差点死亡。故选C。
（4）考查连词。句意：当然，现在对她来说要困难得多，因为她只有一只胳膊。but但是；because因为；if如果；so所以。根据句意，此处表示原因。故选B。
（5）考查形容词。首先，她有一个特殊的冲浪板。simple简单的；special特殊的；smooth平滑的；soft柔软的。根据第四段She no longer needs a special surfboard.（她不再需要一个特殊的冲浪板。）可知，此处为同词复现。故选B。
（6）考查名词。句意：然后，她开始锻炼她的腿。eyes眼睛；ears耳朵；legs腿；feet脚。根据下文She needed stronger legs（她需要更强壮的双腿。）可知，此处应该表示她开始锻炼她的腿。故选C。
（7）考查副词。句意：最后，她学会了只用一只手臂冲浪。how如何；who谁；where哪里；when什么时候。根据本句谓语动词learned（学习）可知，此处应该表示学习如何冲浪。故选A。
（8）考查名词。句意：她参加了世界各地的冲浪比赛。country国家；world世界；city城市；town城镇。根据下句She has been in competitions in the USA，Brazil，and Australia.（她参加过美国、巴西和澳大利亚的比赛。）可知，此处应该表示她参加了世界各地的比赛。故选B。
（9）考查名词。句意：她总共赢得了四项重要比赛。chances机会；changes变化；conversations对话；competitions比赛。根据上文She has been in competitions in the USA，Brazil，and Australia.（她参加过美国、巴西和澳大利亚的比赛。）可知，此处应该表示她赢得了四项重要的比赛。故选D。
（10）考查代词。句意：她用的冲浪板和其他每个人用的一样。nobody没有人；anybody任何人，用于疑问句或否定句；somebody一些人；everybody每个人。根据She uses the same kind of surfboard （她使用一样的冲浪板）可知，此处应该表示她使用的冲浪板和其他每个人的是一样的。故选D。
（11）考查动词。句意：汉密尔顿用她的经历教导别人永不放弃。teach教；expect期望；warn警告；allow允许。根据Hamilton uses her experiences to（汉密尔顿用她的经历）可知，此处应该表示汉密尔顿用她的经历教导别人永不放弃。故选A。
（12）考查名词。句意：她写了一本关于鲨鱼袭击和她的困难的书。eagle鹰；lion狮子；tiger老虎；shark鲨鱼。根据第一段a shark attacked（袭击） Hamilton（一条鲨鱼袭击了汉密尔顿）可知，此处应该表示她写了一本关于鲨鱼袭击和她的困难的书。故选D。
（13）考查动词。句意：在2011年，她的经历甚至被拍成电影。made制作；separated使分离；looked看；translated翻译。根据上文She wrote a book about the shark attack and her difficulties.（她写了一本关于鲨鱼袭击和她的困难的书。）和本句中的even（甚至）可知，此处应该表示她的经历甚至被拍成电影。故选A。
（14）考查代词。句意：汉密尔顿说帮助他人是一次美妙的经历。me我；him他；her她；you你。根据句意可知，此处应该表示对于汉密尔顿来说帮助他人是一次美妙的经历。故选C。
（15）考查形容词。句意：她说她从中学到了很多关于生活、爱和坚强的东西。honest诚实的；strong坚强的；serious严肃的；wise明智的。根据全文可知，汉密尔顿的经历使她变得坚强，所以此处应该表示她学会了变得坚强。故选B。
短文主要写了贝丝尼•汉密尔顿的故事。她在13岁时与朋友一起冲浪时被鲨鱼袭击，失去了左臂。她被送往医院，她已经失去了超过一半的血液并且几乎死亡，但医生挽救了她的生命。尽管只有一只手臂，但她仍然热爱冲浪，并且通过使用特制冲浪板和锻炼腿部力量学会了只用一只手臂冲浪。不到一个月后，她又开始冲浪。现在，汉密尔顿是一位出色的职业冲浪选手，参加了美国、巴西和澳大利亚的比赛，并赢得了四个重要的冠军。她利用自己的经历鼓励人们永不放弃，并写了一本关于鲨鱼袭击和困难的书。她还上电视节目，并将她的经历拍成了一部电影。她说帮助他人是一次美妙的经历，她从中学到了很多关于生活、爱和坚强的东西。然而，尽管发生了这么多事情，她仍然认为自己只是一个冲浪者。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
31~33.【答案】D、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一个表格中It is open from 10：00 a.m.to 5：00 p.m.But on Friday，the closing time is 8：30 p.m.（营业时间从上午10点到下午5点。但周五的关门时间是晚上8点半。）可知我们可以在周五下午五点半去参观英国博物馆，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据最后一个表格中The cheapest food is fish and chips.And it's delicious.（最便宜的食物是鱼和薯条。而且很好吃。）可知炸鱼薯条不仅美味，而且是最便宜的食物，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第一段When we talk about the UK，what will you think of？The Lake District，Downing Street and Tower Bridge are always our hot topics.But there are many other facts about the UK.Come and see!（当我们谈到英国时，你会想到什么？湖区、唐宁街和塔桥一直是我们的热门话题。但是关于英国还有很多其他的事实。快来看!）结合下文，可知本文主要介绍了英国著名的建筑和美事，可推知文章可能出自旅行向导这本书，故选C。
本文主要介绍了英国著名的建筑和美食。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
34~37.【答案】D、C、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段I gave the young man I had rescued（救）bread and water.He was tired out and fell quickly asleep.（我给我救的那个年轻人面包和水。他累极了，很快就睡着了。）可知主人公在年轻人精疲力尽的时候救了他。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段He saw such a wreck before，not far from his home.（他以前在离家不远的地方见过这样的沉船。）可知这发生在以前，因此排在第一个，根据第二段I called him Friday，for it was on a Friday that I rescued him.（我叫他星期五，因为我正是在星期五救了他。）可知先救了他，后叫他星期五，根据第三段Friday was also willing to help in any way.（星期五也愿意以任何方式提供帮助。）根据第四段For the next three years，I taught Friday to use all my tools.（在接下来的三年里，我教星期五使用我所有的工具。）根据最后一段I took Friday to the highest point of the island where other lands could be seen.（我把星期五带到岛上的最高点，在那里可以看到其他的陆地。）可知正确的顺序是：b-d-c-a-e。故选C。
（3）代词指代题。根据第五段"My guys and I rescue the white men from drown." he said.（他说："我和我的人把白人从溺水中解救出来。"）可知they代指星期五和他的人。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据第三段Friday was also willing to help in any way.（星期五也愿意以任何方式提供帮助。）和第四段Friday was quick to help with the work on the island.（星期五很快就帮助岛上的工作。）推断星期五忠诚又聪明。故选C。
短文主要描述了主人公救助了一个年轻男子，并给他提供了食物和水。男子表现出感激之情，两人通过手势进行沟通。男子很快学会了主人公的语言，并被称为"星期五"。主人公逐渐开始信任星期五，星期五也表现出对主人公的忠诚和愿意帮助的态度。在接下来的三年里，主人公教会了星期五使用工具，并展示了自己在岛上所做的一切。星期五告诉主人公他曾经见过一艘与主人公遇难相似的船，救出了17名白人。主人公带星期五到岛上的最高点，星期五非常兴奋。
阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
38~41.【答案】B、A、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Mom smiled at my excitement.（看到我的兴奋，妈妈笑了。）可知，强尼一开始对自己种菜感到很兴奋。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段As the book said，I lightly watered my seeds and stuck my finger in the soil to make sure it wasn't too dry.（就像书上说的，我轻轻地浇了浇种子，然后把手指伸进土里，确保它不会太干。）可知，强尼把手指伸进泥土里，是为了确保泥土不会太干。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段"Read the book，and wait patiently." So I read it again.I cleaned up the grass from the soil and watered the seeds.（"读这本书，耐心等待。"所以我又读了一遍。我把泥土里的草清理干净，给种子浇水。）可知，在种植蔬菜时要给种子浇水，清理杂草和耐心等待种子生长。文中未提及"不时地挖种子"。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据最后一段It took several days for the seeds to be in the soil before coming out.（种子在土里埋了好几天才出来。）以及通读全文可知，我们能从这篇文章中学到罗马不是一天建成的。故选A。
本文主要讲述了一个孩子种植蔬菜的经历。孩子非常兴奋地接受了妈妈的提议，开始在后院种植种子。起初，孩子以为种子被偷了，但妈妈告诉他去看书。孩子读了书后，知道需要耐心等待和正确的护理。经过几天的努力，最终种子发芽了，孩子非常兴奋。这个故事告诉我们种植蔬菜需要耐心和正确的方法。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
42~45.【答案】C、B、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段A report shows that each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste in China.Where does the waste go？（一份报告显示，中国每年产生大约1.5亿吨城市垃圾。废物去了哪里？）可推知作者以提出问题开始这篇文章，故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development.We can't make money at the cost of the environment.（这也阻碍了绿色和......。我们不能以牺牲环境为代价来赚钱。）可推知此处是指可持续发展，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段We are taking less waste from developed countries.（我们从发达国家拿走的垃圾越来越少。）以及第四段China also tries to put waste into good use.（中国也在努力物尽其用。）以及第五段The Chinese government is encouraging people to separate waste into different groups.（中国政府鼓励人们将垃圾分类。）可推知目前，中国越来越重视垃圾问题，故选D。
（4）篇章结构题。根据第一段A report shows that each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste in China.Where does the waste go？People usually burn or bury （埋） it.We also receive waste from some developed countries.（一份报告显示，中国每年产生大约1.5亿吨城市垃圾。废物去了哪里？人们通常把它烧了或埋了。我们也接收来自一些发达国家的垃圾。）可知第一段引出文章主题。根据第二段Waste pollutes the environment，harms people's health and causes animals to die.It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development.（垃圾污染环境，危害人类健康，导致动物死亡。这也阻碍了绿色和可持续发展。）可知第二段继续说明环境的现状。而第三段China is getting really serious about waste now.（中国现在开始认真对待垃圾问题了。）可知第三段介绍了处理垃圾问题。第四段到第六段分别介绍了垃圾处理的具体措施，结合选项，只有选项A的结构符合题意，故选A。
这篇短文主要写了中国每年产生的城市垃圾数量以及处理方式，包括燃烧和埋藏。垃圾污染环境、危害人们健康、导致动物死亡，阻碍绿色可持续发展。中国正在采取措施解决垃圾问题，限制从发达国家进口垃圾，制定更多处理垃圾的法律和规定，并鼓励人们将垃圾分类。此外，中国还尝试将垃圾利用起来，例如通过垃圾发电厂将垃圾燃烧产生电力。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
46.【答案】pollution
【解析】空格处缺少主语，所以用pollute的名词pollution，pollution是不可数名词。
故答案是pollution
城市里有太多的汽车，所以空气污染是一个严重的问题。
题目要求用所给词的适当形式填空，考查学生对语法知识的掌握及对词性转换能力。做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式，然后对所给单词进行适当的变形，从而得出正确答案。
47.【答案】losing
【解析】句意：他不想冒险一次失去一切。risk doing sth冒险做某事，固定搭配，填lose的动名词。故填losing。
48.【答案】thirties
【解析】thirty三十；复数是thirties。in the thirties在本题的意思是"在三十多度"，空格处填thirties。
故答案为：thirties。
气温在三十多度时，人们感觉不舒服。
本题主要考查数词的用法。
49.【答案】proudest
【解析】句意：我想这是我一生中最自豪的时刻。proud自豪的，形容词。根据of my life（我的一生中）可知用proud的最高级proudest，最自豪的。
50.【答案】wisely
【解析】wise明智的，形容词。这里修饰动词protect，用副词wisely"明智地"。
故答案为：wisely。
明智地保护地球上丰富的资源对我们来说很重要。
单词填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据单词提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
51.【答案】Canadians'
【解析】根据提示"加拿大人"可知，是可数名词Canadian。这里one of后跟名词复数Canadians。小说应该是"加拿大人的"，填名词所有格Canadians'。
故答案为：Canadians'。
我们正在读的小说是其中一名加拿大人的。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
52.【答案】island
【解析】岛屿，英语表达是：island。此处是名词用作形容词，用单数形式。
故答案为island。
在这些岛国我们可以看到不同种类的鸟。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
53.【答案】separated
【解析】考查翻译填空．根据汉语提示及其英语句子，可知要翻译的部分为：分开、分隔．英语表达是：separate．动词．由must be可知是被动语态must be+过去分词．句意：垃圾必须被分成不同的组，然后回收．
故答案为separated．
垃圾必须被分成不同的组，然后回收．
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化．
54.【答案】elderly
【解析】句意：35%的老人自从孩子不和他们住在一起而时常感到孤独。结合提示词可知，此处应是elderly“年老的，年长的”，形容词，the+形容词表示一类人，the elderly老人，老年人。
55.【答案】except
【解析】根据提示"除……之外"可知，表示从整体中除去一部分，填介词except。
故答案为：except。
除周六外，通宵列车每周晚上运行。
翻译填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据中文提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
56.【答案】【小题1】The Man-Mountain.
【小题2】It is thirty centimeters.
【小题3】Because they wanted to become the King's most important officials.
【小题4】They jumped one by one.
【小题5】They felt proud.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Lilliputians soon began to lose their fear of me.They called me the Man-Mountain.（利力浦特人很快就不再害怕我了。他们叫我人山。）可知利力浦特人把作者叫做人山。故答案为The Man-Mountain.
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段A very thin rope is fixed thirty centimeters above the ground.（一根很细的绳子固定在离地面30厘米的地方。）可知很细的绳子长三十厘米。故答案为It is thirty centimeters.
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段People who want to become the King's most important officials jump and dance on this rope，and whoever jumps highest without falling gets the best job.（想成为国王最重要的官员的人在这条绳子上跳来跳去，谁跳得最高而不掉下来，谁就能得到最好的工作。）可知人们在绳子上跳因为他们想成为国王最重要的官员。故答案为Because they wanted to become the King's most important officials.
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段One by one，people come up to him and jump over the stick or crawl under it.（人们一个接一个地向他走来，跳过树枝或从下面爬过去。）可知人们一个接一个地跳。故答案为They jumped one by one.
（5）细节理解题。根据第三段Many of the Lilliput lords wear their ribbons proudly at all times.（许多利力浦特的贵族总是骄傲地戴着他们的绶带。）可知戴着绶带的贵族感到骄傲。故答案为They felt proud.
本文主要讲了巨人格列佛，受国王邀请参加常规娱乐的故事。
阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，根据问题写出正确的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
57~66.【答案】ulture、nvited、xperience、omething、eceive、omes、lse、hole、irst、ourself
【解析】（1）考查名词。句意：在中国旅行时，了解中国的文化和习俗对你的行为举止很重要。根据前句China is an old country with a rich culture.（中国是一个有着丰富文化的古老国家。）可知，了解中国的文化很重要。故填culture。
（2）考查动词。句意：邀请外国人到中国人家里做客正变得越来越流行。根据后句Being invited to a Chinese family's home（被邀请到一个中国家庭做客）可知，此处是指外国人被邀请到中国人家里做客。用被动语态，其结构为be done，invite的过去分词是invited。故填invited。
（3）考查名词。句意：被邀请到中国家庭做客是一种美妙而温暖的经历。根据Being invited to a Chinese family's home can be a wonderful and warm...（被邀请到中国家庭做客是一种美妙而温暖的......）结合单词首字母提示可知，被邀请到中国人家里做客是一次美妙的经历。空前有a，用单数。故填experience。
（4）考查不定代词。句意：别忘了对家里你特别喜欢的东西说几句好话。根据say good words about...special you like in the house.（对家里你特别喜欢的......说几句好话。）结合单词首字母提示可知，是指特别喜欢的某个东西。用不定代词something，something special特别的东西。故填something。
（5）考查动词。句意：中国人喜欢收到装在漂亮盒子或篮子里的水果或茶。根据后句fruit or tea in a nice box or basket（装在漂亮盒子或篮子里的水果或茶）可知，在介绍中国人喜欢收到的礼物。like to do sth.喜欢做某事，该空用动词原形。故填receive。
（6）考查动词。句意：闲聊后，饭来了。根据After some small talks（闲聊后）结合常识可知，闲聊过后就是吃饭了。此处是一个倒装句，表示"饭来了"，主语the dinner是单数，时态为一般现在时，主谓一致。故填comes。
（7）考查形容词。句意：当被邀请过来吃饭时，一定要注意到其他人每一个人在做什么，并试着做同样的事情。根据try to do the same（试着做同样的事情）可知，要去观察其他人在做什么。everybody else其他每一个人。故填else。
（8）考查形容词。句意：不要把整盘全吃完，在盘子里留一点食物。根据后半句but leave a small amount of food on the plates.（在盘子里留一点食物。）可知，不要整盘全吃完。whole全部的，整个的，符合语境。故填whole。
（9）考查数词。句意：中国人不怕问私人问题，即使你是第一次见面。for the first time第一次，是固定搭配。故填first。
（10）考查反身代词。句意：在当地人热情好客的世界里尽情享受吧。enjoy oneself尽情享受，是固定搭配。该句主语是第二人称you，所以反身代词用yourself。故填yourself。
本文主要介绍了中国的文化和习俗，以及作为外国人在中国旅行时需要注意的事项。
题目考查学生对语法知识的掌握及对语篇的理解能力。做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词意及词性，然后考虑是否要对单词进行变形，从而得出正确答案。
67.【答案】Australian seasons are the opposite of ours.
【解析】根据句意提示"澳大利亚的季节和我们的相反"，可知本题为肯定句，且为一般现在时态。考虑用Australian seasons作主语，系动词动词用are，名词短语the opposite of ours作表语。
故填：Australian seasons are the opposite of ours.
澳大利亚的季节和我们的相反。
根据汉语提示填空，先要想出要填的句型，再恰当地运用词汇，方能正确解答。
68.【答案】How does he keep in touch with his parents every week？
【解析】根据题干，可知how引导一般疑问句。keep in touch with与……保持联系；由every week可知时态是一般现在时，主语he用助动词does+动词原形。
故答案为：How does he keep in touch with his parents every week？
他每周怎么和他父母保持联系？
How does he keep in touch with his parents every week？
69.【答案】He didn't realize his mistake（s） until he was told yesterday.
【解析】根据句意中"直到"和"才"可知，本句应用固定句型not ...until表示"直到……才……"。"昨天"译为yesterday，表明句子用一般过去式，"被告知"用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为he，因此是was told。realize意为"意识到，察觉"，mistake意为"错误"，根据句子时态和本句句型，谓语动词realize前面应加助动词didn't。
故答案为：He didn't realize his mistake（s） until he was told yesterday.
直到他昨天被告知，他才意识到自己的错误。
本题考查not ...until句型，需根据句意判断句型，熟练掌握时间状语从句的句型搭配和时态变化。
70.【答案】Simon was too excited to express himself clearly.
【解析】too…to…太……而不能……；express himself 表达自己；excited激动的；clearly清晰地，本句为一般过去时态。
故答案为：Simon was too excited to express himself clearly.
Simon太激动了而没有能清晰的表达自己。
此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案。
71.【答案】The most important thing is not to win gold or silver，but to take part.
【解析】根据题干，可知考查：not…but…不是…而是…；the most important thing最重要的事情，此处是不定式作表语，由句意可知时态是一般现在时。
故答案为：The most important thing is not to win gold or silver，but to take part．
最重要的事情不是赢得金牌或银牌，而是参与。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化．
72.【答案】Being a Popular Student Hello，everyone.My name is Li Hua.I want to be a popular student with my classmates and teachers.I'm glad to make a speech here.
In my free time，I like travelling and reading.（兴趣爱好）I think they can lead me into a whole new world.【高分句型一】I have good manners.I always obey traffic rules and never litter everywhere.I never speak loudly in public places.I always live a green life.（行为习惯）I can save water by taking a shorter shower，save energy by turning off the lights when necessary，and reduce pollution by recycling waste.（绿色生活）
What's more，I am willing to help others.I can save my pocket money to help those who are in need.【高分句型二】I take an active part in voluntary activities.I work as a volunteer in my community.（公益活动）
Thank you for listening!
【解析】【高分句型一】
I think they can lead me into a whole new world.我认为它们可以引领我进入一个全新的世界。I think+宾语从句。
【高分句型二】
I can save my pocket money to help those who are in need.我可以省下我的零花钱来帮助那些需要帮助的人。who引导的定语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
2022-2023学年江苏省扬州市仪征市八年级（下）期末英语试卷
1.There was interview with Mr.Lu yesterday.But it was a pity that I missed beginning.（ ）
A. an；a B. a；the C. an；the D. the；a
2.Don't stand __________ the window.It's too dangerous.（ ）
A. against B. with C. along D. in
3.---Why do you click on this icon？
--- ________the pictures out.（ ）
A. Print B. Printing C. To print D. Printed
4.I'm feeling much better now，Mum.So you ____________ take me to hospital.（ ）
A. couldn't B. can't C. mustn't D. don't have to
5.I once volunteered for a travel magazine for half a year and the ________ helped me get a job as a reporter.（ ）
A. education B. condition C. situation D. experience
6.—I'm sorry，Mum.I can't help you with the housework now.
—Never mind. ，thank you very much.（ ）
A. Besides B. Otherwise C. Moreover D. Anyway
7.— How would you like to celebrate your 14th birthday？
— I want to work as a volunteer at community centres.It's ________.（ ）
A. meaningful B. careful C. hopeful D. harmful
8.Wait politely，please.Don't ________ on others.（ ）
A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut off
9.—How brave he is!He saved all of us!
—Exactly!He is my hero _________.（ ）
A. in my way B. in this way C. on my way D. in some ways
10.We need education because it helps us know how to ___________ our life.（ ）
A. improve B. realize C. refuse D. lift
11.—Sir，it seems hard for me to finish the task alone.
—Don't worry.A lot of support____________soon.（ ）
A. was offered B. is offered C. will be offered D. were offered
12.—Do you think I can catch the train to Yancheng？
—I'm afraid you can't.It ________ for two minutes.（ ）
A. left B. was leaving C. has left D. has been away
13."It's important for us to protect our environment wisely."
Can you tell the mistake in the sentence above？（ ）
A. Missing word. B. Grammatical mistake.
C. Spelling mistake. D. Word usage mistake.
14.—Madam, you are fined for over-speeding. Please sign here.
—Fined? Over-speeding? ______
A. No worries. B. Never mind.
C. Are you serious? D. Are you all right?
15.—Mr.Wu,is it too late for me to begin working hard now？
—Never!Haven't you heard that ？（ ）
A. the early bird catches the worm B. every dog has its day
C. better late than never D. practice makes perfect
Bethany Hamilton is from Hawaii.When she was just 13 years old，she and her friend were surfing in the ocean.While they were（1） ______ ，a shark attacked（袭击） Hamilton and she lost her left arm after that.
Hamilton was sent to the hospital （2） ______ .When she arrived，she had already lost more than half of her blood and（3） ______ died.But doctors saved her life.Hamilton loved surfing，and she didn't want to stop.Of course，it was much harder for her now（4） ______ she only had one arm.First，she got a（5） ______ surfboard（冲浪板）.This board was thicker and it was easier to control （控制）.Then，she started to exercise her（6） ______ .She needed stronger legs because she had to kick more to push the board through the water.Finally，she learned（7） ______ to surf with only one arm.
Less than one month after the accident，she was surfing again.
Today，Hamilton is an excellent professional（职业的） surfer.She surfs in all competitions around the（8） ______ .She has been in competitions in the USA，Brazil，and Australia.In total，she has won four important （9） ______ .She no longer needs a special surfboard.She uses the same kind of surfboard that （10） ______ else uses.
Hamilton uses her experiences to（11） ______ people never to give up.She wrote a book about the（12） ______ attack and her difficulties.She also goes on TV shows.In 2011，her experiences were even（13） ______ into a movie.She has also won several awards for her courage（勇气）.
Hamilton says that helping people has been a wonderful experience for（14） ______ .She says that she has learned a lot about life，love，and being（15） ______ .However，although so many things have happened to her，she says she is still just a surfer.
16.A. surfing B. sailing C. skating D. swimming
17.A. at last B. at first C. at once D. at times
18.A. badly B. closely C. nearly D. exactly
19.A. but B. because C. if D. so
20.A. simple B. special C. smooth D. soft
21.A. eyes B. ears C. legs D. feet
22.A. how B. who C. where D. when
23.A. country B. world C. city D. town
24.A. chances B. changes C. conversations D. competitions
25.A. nobody B. anybody C. somebody D. everybody
26.A. teach B. expect C. warn D. allow
27.A. eagle B. lion C. tiger D. shark
28.A. made B. separated C. looked D. translated
29.A. me B. him C. her D. you
30.A. honest B. strong C. serious D. wise
Q
When we talk about the UK，what will you think of？The Lake District，Downing Street and Tower Bridge are always our hot topics.But there are many other facts about the UK.Come and see!
The most popular museum is the British Museum in London.Over six million people visit it every year.It is open from 10：00 a.m.to 5：00 p.m.But on Friday，the closing time is 8：30 p.m.
Big Ben is not the name of a man.It is the name of a big clock in London.This clock has four faces.So，no matter where you stand，you can read the time on the face of Big Ben.Each face is the size of a bus.The hands are about four meters long.It is about the size of two people standing on top of each other.You will probably hear it and see it.The big clock makes such a loud noise.
Hungry？Beef and chicken are tasty，fruit and vegetables are healthy，and sandwiches are simple.Short of money？The cheapest food is fish and chips.And it's delicious.
31.When can we visit the British Museum？ ______
A. At 9：00 a.m.Monday. B. At 9：30 a.m.Tuesday.
C. At 5：00 p.m.Wednesday. D. At 5：30 p.m.Friday.
32.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ ______
A. You can't read the time on the face of Big Ben from four sides.
B. Fish and chips is not only delicious but also the cheapest food.
C. The hands of Big Ben are about the same size of at all man.
D. Beef and chicken are delicious but unpopular in the UK.
33.Where does the passage probably come from？ ______
A. A storybook. B. A film poster.
C. A travel guide. D. A science magazine.
R
I gave the young man I had rescued（救）bread and water.He was tired out and fell quickly asleep.I guessed his age at around twenty-six.He was tall and strong and looked kind，especially when he smiled.He slept only about a half.Again he made gestures（手势） to show that he was grateful to me.
We communicated by gestures at first.Soon he showed himself much better at learning my language than I was at learning his.I told him I'm Robinson.I called him Friday，for it was on a Friday that I rescued him.He quickly learned "yes" and "no" and the names of many things.
At first，I didn't completely trust Friday and he was separated from me in another room.But soon I found it unnecessary.Nobody would be more loyal than Friday.He seemed almost to consider me like a father.Friday was also willing to help in any way.
For the next three years，I taught Friday to use all my tools.I took him to see everything I had made.Friday was quick to help with the work on the island.One day，I showed Friday the ruin of the wreck（沉船）.I explained that I had come upon the island the same way.That was when Friday told me the most amazing thing.He saw such a wreck before，not far from his home.
"My guys and I rescue the white men from drown." he said.
I asked him how many men they had rescued，and he showed me on his fingers—seventeen.I was surprised at the idea of a group of Europeans so close.I took Friday to the highest point of the island where other lands could be seen.He began jumping and dancing.
—Adapted from Robinson Crusoe
34.When did I rescue the young man？ ______
A. When he was in his forties. B. When he looked unkind.
C. When it was a Friday night. D. When he was tired out.
35.What might be the correct order of what happened in the story？ ______
a.I taught Friday to use all of my tools.
b.Friday saw a wreck not far from his home.
c.Friday was willing to help me in any way.
d.I rescued a young man who I called Friday.
e.I took Friday to the highest point of the island.
A. d-e-c-a-b B. d-c-a-b-e C. b-d-c-a-e D. b-c-a-d-e
36.Who does the underlined word " they" in the last Paragraph refer to？ ______
A. Friday and his guys. B. The white men.
C. Seventeen Europeans. D. Friday's guys.
37.Which words can best describe Friday？ ______
A. Clever and funny. B. Loyal but rude.
C. Loyal and clever. D. Clever but careless.
"Do you want to grow your own vegetables？" Mom asked "Yes!" My eyes got wide.Mom smiled at my excitement.She gave me a book on gardening，and I carefully planted some seeds（种子） in the backyard.
After supper，I rushed to see how much they might grow.Nothing!My mouth dropped "Someone stole my seeds!" Mom laughed from ear to ear.She said "Johnny，go and check the book." I hung my head down.I read the book and I knew something needed to be done.
Early the next morning，I ran to the backyard.Everything looked the same but I wasn't that disappointed（失望）.As the book said，I lightly watered my seeds and stuck my finger in the soil to make sure it wasn't too dry.That evening，I couldn't help going to check my garden again.No sign of anything green.Just dirt.
The next morning I rushed to the garden again.No changes. "Why is it taking so long for the seeds to grow？" I asked. "Grow up!" I shouted. "Please，just grow，" I almost cried.Mom was too busy with housework to help. "Read the book，and wait patiently." So I read it again.I cleaned up the grass from the soil and watered the seeds.
Then one morning，I walked out to my garden.I wasn't expecting to see anything yet.To my surprise，a little bit of green came into my eyes.I got down on my knees for a closer look.
"They grew!" I shouted.I could see little green leaves growing everywhere!I was so excited "They finally grew!The book is right." It took several days for the seeds to be in the soil before coming out.
38.From the passage，we know Johnny felt ______ to grow his own vegetables at first.
A. bored B. excited C. worried D. nervous
39.Johnny stuck his finger in the soil to ______ .
A. make sure it wasn't too dry B. look for the seeds
C. make sure it wasn't too wet D. find something green
40.From the book，something needed to be done except ______ while growing vegetables.
A. watering the seeds
B. digging up the seeds from time to time
C. cleaning up the grass
D. waiting for the seeds to grow patiently
41.What can we learn from this passage？ ______
A. Rome was not built in one day. B. Many hands make light work.
C. Actions speak louder than words. D. The early bird catches the worm.
T
A report shows that each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste in China.Where does the waste go？People usually burn or bury （埋） it.We also receive waste from some developed countries.We get useful materials from it.What about the useless part？Still burned or buried.But is it a proper way？
Waste pollutes the environment，harms people's health and causes animals to die.It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development.We can't make money at the cost of the environment.We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations （代，辈）.
China is getting really serious about waste now.
We are taking less waste from developed countries.From January 2018，China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country.And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made.Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
China also tries to put waste into good use.One example is the waste electricity（电） factories.They burn waste to make electricity in a green way.No harmful gases or water will get into the environment.
The Chinese government is encouraging people to separate waste into different groups.Cities like Shanghai，Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting（分类） systems.More will join them soon.More and more people are developing the habit of separating their waste.
42.The writer starts the passage by ______ .
A. telling stories B. providing numbers
C. raising questions D. giving suggestions
43.The underlined word "sustainable" in Paragraph 2 means " ______ " in Chinese.
A. 可享受的 B. 可持续的 C. 可借鉴的 D. 可复活的
44.From the last three paragraphs，we can learn that ______ .
A. China has stopped 24 kinds of waste entering our country for years
B. all the people are forming the habit of separating waste in China
C. no harmful gases or water will be able to get into the environment
D. China is paying more and more attention to the waste at present
45.The structure of the passage may be ______ .
A. B.
C. D.
46.There are too many cars in the city，so air ______ （pollute） is a serious problem.
47.He didn't want to risk ______ （lose ) everything all at one time.
48.People don't feel well when the temperature is in the ______ .（thirty）
49.I think this is the ______ moment of my life.(proud)
50.It is important for us to protect rich resources ______ on the earth. （wise）
51.The novels we are reading are one of the ______ . （加拿大人）
52.We can see different kinds of birds in these ______ （岛屿） countries.
53.Rubbish must be ______ （分开、分隔） into different groups and then recycled.
54.35% of the ______ （年老的） feel lonely from time to time since their children don't live with them.
55.The overnight train runs every night of the week ______ （除……之外） Saturdays.
56.I was careful to behave as well as possible，to persuade the King to give me my freedom.Lilliputians soon began to lose their fear of me.They called me the Man-Mountain.Sometimes I lay down and let them dance on my hand，and from time to time children came to play games in my hair.By now I was able to speak their language well.
One day the King invited me to watch the regular entertainments，which are greatly enjoyed by him，his family，and his lords and ladies.I was most interested in the rope-dancing.A very thin rope is fixed thirty centimeters above the ground.People who want to become the King's most important officials jump and dance on this rope，and whoever jumps highest without falling gets the best job.Sometimes the King orders his lords to dance on the rope，to show that they can still do it.This sport is，of course，rather dangerous，and there are occasional （偶尔的） deaths as a result.It seems a strange way of choosing officials.
There was another interesting entertainment.The King holds a stick in front of him，and sometimes moves it up and down.One by one，people come up to him and jump over the stick or crawl under it.They go on jumping and crawling as the King moves the stick.The winner is the one who jumps and crawls for the longest time，and he receives a blue ribbon （缎带） to wear round his waist.The second best receives a red ribbon，and the third best gets a green one.Many of the Lilliput lords wear their ribbons proudly at all times.I had certainly never seen entertainment like this in any of the countries I had visited before.
—Adapted from Gulliver's Travels
根据短文内容回答问题（每小题答案不超过10个单词）。
(1) What did Lilliputians call the writer？ ______
(2) How high is the thin rope fixed above the ground？ ______
(3) Why do people dance on the rope？ ______
(4) Did people jump over the stick one by one or together ？ ______
(5) How did Lilliput lords feel when wearing their ribbons？ ______
China is an old country with a rich culture.When travelling to China，understanding Chinese c （1） ______ and customs（习俗） is important for you to behave in a good way.
It's becoming popular for foreigners to be i（2） ______ into Chinese homes.Being invited to a Chinese family's home can be a wonderful and warm e （3） ______ .Chinese people are known to be very welcoming（好客）.When you're invited to a Chinese family's home，make sure that you arrive on time.Don't forget to say good words about s（4） ______ special you like in the house.Gifts are usually given when visiting someone's home or being invited for dinner.Chinese people like to r（5） ______ fruit or tea in a nice box or basket.
After some small talks，c（6） ______ the dinner.A Chinese dinner table is a happy place，full of delicious food and conversation.When invited over for dinner，make sure to notice what everybody e （7） ______ is doing and try to do the same.You'd better eat plenty of food to show you're enjoying it.Don't finish off the w（8） ______ dish，but leave a small amount of food on the plates.It shows that the host has prepared enough food.
For foreigners，Chinese people may be very curious（好奇的）.Chinese people aren't afraid to ask personal questions，even if you've met for the f （9） ______ time.So，don't be surprised to be asked things like your age，your education or your work.You do not have to answer these questions.If you don't want to talk about your own life，just explain to them.
Enjoy y（10） ______ in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese.As a guest in China，you will get special treatment.And your hosts make sure you will have a good time.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.澳大利亚的季节和我们的相反。 ______
68.他每周怎么和他父母保持联系？ ______
69.直到他昨天被告知，他才意识到自己的错误。 ______
70.Simon太激动了而没有能清晰的表达自己。 ______
71.最重要的事情不是赢得金牌或银牌，而是参与。 ______
72.每位同学都希望成为学校中受欢迎的人。你校近期将以"Being a Popular Student"为题，举办一次演讲比赛，请以李华的名义，写一篇英文演讲稿。
兴趣爱好
旅游、阅读（给出喜欢的理由）
行为习惯
1.注重礼仪（举例说明）；2.自拟一点
绿色生活
1.节约用水（举例说明）；2.自拟一点
公益活动
……（至少两点）
注意：
（1）词数：100 词左右，已给出的文字不计入总词数；
（2）短文必须包括表格中所有的信息，并作适当的发挥；
（3）短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名等相关信息。
Being a Popular Student
Hello，everyone.My name is Li Hua.I want to be a popular student with my classmates and teachers.I'm glad to make a speech here.________
Thank you for listening!
答案和解析
1.【答案】C
【解析】a，an 是不定冠词，表泛指，译为"一个"，a用在辅音音素开头的单词前面；an用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the是定冠词，表特指。第一空因为有一个采访，是泛指，用不定冠词，又因interview是以元音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词an；beginning"开始"，the beginning固定用法，开始。
故选：C。
昨晚有一个对陆先生的采访，但遗憾的是我错过了开始．
掌握冠词的具体用法，分析选项，结合语境选择正确答案。
2.【答案】A
【解析】against倚，靠；with有，一起；along沿着；in在里面；根据Don't stand __________ the window（不要____窗户站着） ，可知此处用against，表示"靠"。
故选：A。
不要靠窗站着。这很危险。
注意介词用法，结合语境，选择正确答案。
3.【答案】C
【解析】根据句意：-你为什么点击这个图标？-为了将图片打印出来。此处是不定式表目的。
故选：C。
-你为什么点击这个图标？
-为了将图片打印出来。
熟悉不定式的用法，结合题意，给出答案。
4.【答案】D
【解析】couldn't不能；can't不能；mustn't禁止；don't have to不需要；根据句意，I'm feeling much better now（我现在好多了），可知不需要带我去医院。
故选：D。
我现在感觉好多了，妈妈。所以你不需要带我去医院。
掌握情态动词的含义及区别，结合语境，得出正确答案。
5.【答案】D
【解析】education教育；condition条件；situation情况；experience经历。根据"I once volunteered for a travel magazine for half a year"可知，"在旅游杂志做半年的志愿者"是一段经历，应用experience。
故选：D。
我曾经为一家旅游杂志做过半年的志愿者，这段经历帮助我找到了一份记者的工作。
熟悉名词词义及用法，结合题意，给出答案。
6.【答案】D
【解析】besides"除......之外"；otherwise"否则"；moreover"此外"；anyway"无论如何"。根据" Never mind."可知没关系。无论如何，非常感谢你。
故选：D。
---对不起，妈妈。我现在帮不了你做家务。
---没关系。无论如何，非常感谢你。
首先要判断各个选项的汉语意思和用法，然后结合句意选择恰当的一项。
7.【答案】A
【解析】meaningful有意义的；careful仔细的；hopeful有希望的；harmful有害的。根据上一句"I want to work as a volunteer at community centres. "可知在社区中心做志愿者是有意义的，meaningful符合题意。
故选：A。
—你想怎么庆祝你的14岁生日？
—我想在社区中心做一名志愿者。这很有意义。
熟练掌握形容词的意思及用法，分析选项，结合具体句意选择正确答案。
8.【答案】A
【解析】cut in打断；cut down砍倒；cut out切去；cut off中断。根据"Wait politely，please."可知，是让礼貌些。因此是不要打断他人。
故选：A。
请礼貌地等待，不要打断别人。
熟练掌握常用动词短语的意思及用法，结合具体句意，选择正确答案。
9.【答案】D
【解析】in my way挡路；in this way用这种方式；on my way在路上；in some ways在某种程度上。根据"He saved all of us"以及"He is my hero"可知他救了我们，所以在某种程度上他是英雄。
故选：D。
—他真勇敢！他救了我们所有人。
—确实。在某种程度上他是我的英雄。
正确辨析几个选项的汉语意思，然后结合题干句意分析作答。
10.【答案】A
【解析】A.提高，改善，B.意识到，C.拒绝，D.举起，结合句意，我们需要教育因为它帮助我们知道如何____我们的生活。判断空格处词义为"改善"。
故选：A。
我们需要教育因为它帮助我们知道如何改善我们的生活。
掌握动词的含义，结合句意作答。
11.【答案】C
【解析】根据上文意思"先生，我一个人完成任务似乎很难。"和答语"很快"，可知答语第二句时态为一般将来时态；主语A lot of support和动词offer是被动关系，故句子的语态为一般将来时态的被动语态，其结构是：will be +过去分词。
故选：C。
—先生，我一个人完成任务似乎很难。
—别担心。很快就会提供很多支持。
根据时间状语和语境判断时态，根据主语和动词之间的主被动关系判断语态。
12.【答案】D
【解析】根据"for two minutes"可知句子应用现在完成时，并且谓语动词得是延续性动词，动词leave为非延续性动词，因此应用be away来表示"离开"。A一般过去时；B过去进行时；C现在完成时；D现在完成时。
故选：D。
—你觉得我能赶上去盐城的火车吗？
—恐怕你不能。它已经离开两分钟了。
正确判断句子时态，结合题意，给出答案。
13.【答案】C
【解析】上句中environment拼音是错误的，正确的拼音应该是environment.所以此处是拼音错误。Spelling mistake就是拼写错误的意思。
故选：C。
"对我们来说，明智地保护环境是很重要的。"
你能指出文中的错误吗？
仔细阅读题目，发现其中的错误是解决此题的关键。
14.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——女士，对于超速行车你被罚款，请在这里签字。——罚款？超速？你是说真的？A.不用担心；B.不要紧；C.你是说真的；D.你还好吗。根据题意，故选C。
15.【答案】C
【解析】the early bird catches the worm早起的鸟儿有虫吃；every dog has its day凡人皆有得意日；better late than never迟做总比不做好；practice makes perfect熟能生巧。根据is it too late for me to begin working hard now？Never！"我现在开始努力工作是不是太迟了？绝不！"可知，"迟做总比不做好"。
故选：C。
--吴先生，我现在开始努力工作是不是太迟了？
--绝不！你没听说迟做总比不做好吗？
首先要理解句意，然后根据语境，选择相应的谚语，还要理解谚语的寓意，选择恰当答案。
16~30.【答案】A、C、C、B、B、C、A、B、D、D、A、D、A、C、B
【解析】（1）考查现在分词。句意：当他们冲浪时，一条鲨鱼袭击了汉密尔顿，之后她失去了左臂。surfing冲浪；sailing航行；skating滑冰；swimming游泳。根据she and her friend were surfing in the ocean.（她和她的朋友在海里冲浪。）可知，此处应该表示当他们冲浪的时候。故选A。
（2）考查副词短语。句意：汉密尔顿立即被送到医院。at last最后；at first起初；at once立即；at times有时候。根据语境，此处应该表示当意外发生后，她立即被送到医院。故选C。
（3）考查副词。句意：当她到达时，她已经失血过半，差点死亡。badly严重地；closely密切地；nearly几乎；exactly准确地。根据When she arrived，she had already lost more than half of her blood（当她到达时，她已经失血过半）可知，此处应该表示她差点死亡。故选C。
（4）考查连词。句意：当然，现在对她来说要困难得多，因为她只有一只胳膊。but但是；because因为；if如果；so所以。根据句意，此处表示原因。故选B。
（5）考查形容词。首先，她有一个特殊的冲浪板。simple简单的；special特殊的；smooth平滑的；soft柔软的。根据第四段She no longer needs a special surfboard.（她不再需要一个特殊的冲浪板。）可知，此处为同词复现。故选B。
（6）考查名词。句意：然后，她开始锻炼她的腿。eyes眼睛；ears耳朵；legs腿；feet脚。根据下文She needed stronger legs（她需要更强壮的双腿。）可知，此处应该表示她开始锻炼她的腿。故选C。
（7）考查副词。句意：最后，她学会了只用一只手臂冲浪。how如何；who谁；where哪里；when什么时候。根据本句谓语动词learned（学习）可知，此处应该表示学习如何冲浪。故选A。
（8）考查名词。句意：她参加了世界各地的冲浪比赛。country国家；world世界；city城市；town城镇。根据下句She has been in competitions in the USA，Brazil，and Australia.（她参加过美国、巴西和澳大利亚的比赛。）可知，此处应该表示她参加了世界各地的比赛。故选B。
（9）考查名词。句意：她总共赢得了四项重要比赛。chances机会；changes变化；conversations对话；competitions比赛。根据上文She has been in competitions in the USA，Brazil，and Australia.（她参加过美国、巴西和澳大利亚的比赛。）可知，此处应该表示她赢得了四项重要的比赛。故选D。
（10）考查代词。句意：她用的冲浪板和其他每个人用的一样。nobody没有人；anybody任何人，用于疑问句或否定句；somebody一些人；everybody每个人。根据She uses the same kind of surfboard （她使用一样的冲浪板）可知，此处应该表示她使用的冲浪板和其他每个人的是一样的。故选D。
（11）考查动词。句意：汉密尔顿用她的经历教导别人永不放弃。teach教；expect期望；warn警告；allow允许。根据Hamilton uses her experiences to（汉密尔顿用她的经历）可知，此处应该表示汉密尔顿用她的经历教导别人永不放弃。故选A。
（12）考查名词。句意：她写了一本关于鲨鱼袭击和她的困难的书。eagle鹰；lion狮子；tiger老虎；shark鲨鱼。根据第一段a shark attacked（袭击） Hamilton（一条鲨鱼袭击了汉密尔顿）可知，此处应该表示她写了一本关于鲨鱼袭击和她的困难的书。故选D。
（13）考查动词。句意：在2011年，她的经历甚至被拍成电影。made制作；separated使分离；looked看；translated翻译。根据上文She wrote a book about the shark attack and her difficulties.（她写了一本关于鲨鱼袭击和她的困难的书。）和本句中的even（甚至）可知，此处应该表示她的经历甚至被拍成电影。故选A。
（14）考查代词。句意：汉密尔顿说帮助他人是一次美妙的经历。me我；him他；her她；you你。根据句意可知，此处应该表示对于汉密尔顿来说帮助他人是一次美妙的经历。故选C。
（15）考查形容词。句意：她说她从中学到了很多关于生活、爱和坚强的东西。honest诚实的；strong坚强的；serious严肃的；wise明智的。根据全文可知，汉密尔顿的经历使她变得坚强，所以此处应该表示她学会了变得坚强。故选B。
短文主要写了贝丝尼•汉密尔顿的故事。她在13岁时与朋友一起冲浪时被鲨鱼袭击，失去了左臂。她被送往医院，她已经失去了超过一半的血液并且几乎死亡，但医生挽救了她的生命。尽管只有一只手臂，但她仍然热爱冲浪，并且通过使用特制冲浪板和锻炼腿部力量学会了只用一只手臂冲浪。不到一个月后，她又开始冲浪。现在，汉密尔顿是一位出色的职业冲浪选手，参加了美国、巴西和澳大利亚的比赛，并赢得了四个重要的冠军。她利用自己的经历鼓励人们永不放弃，并写了一本关于鲨鱼袭击和困难的书。她还上电视节目，并将她的经历拍成了一部电影。她说帮助他人是一次美妙的经历，她从中学到了很多关于生活、爱和坚强的东西。然而，尽管发生了这么多事情，她仍然认为自己只是一个冲浪者。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
31~33.【答案】D、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一个表格中It is open from 10：00 a.m.to 5：00 p.m.But on Friday，the closing time is 8：30 p.m.（营业时间从上午10点到下午5点。但周五的关门时间是晚上8点半。）可知我们可以在周五下午五点半去参观英国博物馆，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据最后一个表格中The cheapest food is fish and chips.And it's delicious.（最便宜的食物是鱼和薯条。而且很好吃。）可知炸鱼薯条不仅美味，而且是最便宜的食物，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第一段When we talk about the UK，what will you think of？The Lake District，Downing Street and Tower Bridge are always our hot topics.But there are many other facts about the UK.Come and see!（当我们谈到英国时，你会想到什么？湖区、唐宁街和塔桥一直是我们的热门话题。但是关于英国还有很多其他的事实。快来看!）结合下文，可知本文主要介绍了英国著名的建筑和美事，可推知文章可能出自旅行向导这本书，故选C。
本文主要介绍了英国著名的建筑和美食。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
34~37.【答案】D、C、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段I gave the young man I had rescued（救）bread and water.He was tired out and fell quickly asleep.（我给我救的那个年轻人面包和水。他累极了，很快就睡着了。）可知主人公在年轻人精疲力尽的时候救了他。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段He saw such a wreck before，not far from his home.（他以前在离家不远的地方见过这样的沉船。）可知这发生在以前，因此排在第一个，根据第二段I called him Friday，for it was on a Friday that I rescued him.（我叫他星期五，因为我正是在星期五救了他。）可知先救了他，后叫他星期五，根据第三段Friday was also willing to help in any way.（星期五也愿意以任何方式提供帮助。）根据第四段For the next three years，I taught Friday to use all my tools.（在接下来的三年里，我教星期五使用我所有的工具。）根据最后一段I took Friday to the highest point of the island where other lands could be seen.（我把星期五带到岛上的最高点，在那里可以看到其他的陆地。）可知正确的顺序是：b-d-c-a-e。故选C。
（3）代词指代题。根据第五段"My guys and I rescue the white men from drown." he said.（他说："我和我的人把白人从溺水中解救出来。"）可知they代指星期五和他的人。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据第三段Friday was also willing to help in any way.（星期五也愿意以任何方式提供帮助。）和第四段Friday was quick to help with the work on the island.（星期五很快就帮助岛上的工作。）推断星期五忠诚又聪明。故选C。
短文主要描述了主人公救助了一个年轻男子，并给他提供了食物和水。男子表现出感激之情，两人通过手势进行沟通。男子很快学会了主人公的语言，并被称为"星期五"。主人公逐渐开始信任星期五，星期五也表现出对主人公的忠诚和愿意帮助的态度。在接下来的三年里，主人公教会了星期五使用工具，并展示了自己在岛上所做的一切。星期五告诉主人公他曾经见过一艘与主人公遇难相似的船，救出了17名白人。主人公带星期五到岛上的最高点，星期五非常兴奋。
阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
38~41.【答案】B、A、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Mom smiled at my excitement.（看到我的兴奋，妈妈笑了。）可知，强尼一开始对自己种菜感到很兴奋。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段As the book said，I lightly watered my seeds and stuck my finger in the soil to make sure it wasn't too dry.（就像书上说的，我轻轻地浇了浇种子，然后把手指伸进土里，确保它不会太干。）可知，强尼把手指伸进泥土里，是为了确保泥土不会太干。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段"Read the book，and wait patiently." So I read it again.I cleaned up the grass from the soil and watered the seeds.（"读这本书，耐心等待。"所以我又读了一遍。我把泥土里的草清理干净，给种子浇水。）可知，在种植蔬菜时要给种子浇水，清理杂草和耐心等待种子生长。文中未提及"不时地挖种子"。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据最后一段It took several days for the seeds to be in the soil before coming out.（种子在土里埋了好几天才出来。）以及通读全文可知，我们能从这篇文章中学到罗马不是一天建成的。故选A。
本文主要讲述了一个孩子种植蔬菜的经历。孩子非常兴奋地接受了妈妈的提议，开始在后院种植种子。起初，孩子以为种子被偷了，但妈妈告诉他去看书。孩子读了书后，知道需要耐心等待和正确的护理。经过几天的努力，最终种子发芽了，孩子非常兴奋。这个故事告诉我们种植蔬菜需要耐心和正确的方法。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
42~45.【答案】C、B、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段A report shows that each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste in China.Where does the waste go？（一份报告显示，中国每年产生大约1.5亿吨城市垃圾。废物去了哪里？）可推知作者以提出问题开始这篇文章，故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development.We can't make money at the cost of the environment.（这也阻碍了绿色和......。我们不能以牺牲环境为代价来赚钱。）可推知此处是指可持续发展，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段We are taking less waste from developed countries.（我们从发达国家拿走的垃圾越来越少。）以及第四段China also tries to put waste into good use.（中国也在努力物尽其用。）以及第五段The Chinese government is encouraging people to separate waste into different groups.（中国政府鼓励人们将垃圾分类。）可推知目前，中国越来越重视垃圾问题，故选D。
（4）篇章结构题。根据第一段A report shows that each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste in China.Where does the waste go？People usually burn or bury （埋） it.We also receive waste from some developed countries.（一份报告显示，中国每年产生大约1.5亿吨城市垃圾。废物去了哪里？人们通常把它烧了或埋了。我们也接收来自一些发达国家的垃圾。）可知第一段引出文章主题。根据第二段Waste pollutes the environment，harms people's health and causes animals to die.It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development.（垃圾污染环境，危害人类健康，导致动物死亡。这也阻碍了绿色和可持续发展。）可知第二段继续说明环境的现状。而第三段China is getting really serious about waste now.（中国现在开始认真对待垃圾问题了。）可知第三段介绍了处理垃圾问题。第四段到第六段分别介绍了垃圾处理的具体措施，结合选项，只有选项A的结构符合题意，故选A。
这篇短文主要写了中国每年产生的城市垃圾数量以及处理方式，包括燃烧和埋藏。垃圾污染环境、危害人们健康、导致动物死亡，阻碍绿色可持续发展。中国正在采取措施解决垃圾问题，限制从发达国家进口垃圾，制定更多处理垃圾的法律和规定，并鼓励人们将垃圾分类。此外，中国还尝试将垃圾利用起来，例如通过垃圾发电厂将垃圾燃烧产生电力。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
46.【答案】pollution
【解析】空格处缺少主语，所以用pollute的名词pollution，pollution是不可数名词。
故答案是pollution
城市里有太多的汽车，所以空气污染是一个严重的问题。
题目要求用所给词的适当形式填空，考查学生对语法知识的掌握及对词性转换能力。做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式，然后对所给单词进行适当的变形，从而得出正确答案。
47.【答案】losing
【解析】句意：他不想冒险一次失去一切。risk doing sth冒险做某事，固定搭配，填lose的动名词。故填losing。
48.【答案】thirties
【解析】thirty三十；复数是thirties。in the thirties在本题的意思是"在三十多度"，空格处填thirties。
故答案为：thirties。
气温在三十多度时，人们感觉不舒服。
本题主要考查数词的用法。
49.【答案】proudest
【解析】句意：我想这是我一生中最自豪的时刻。proud自豪的，形容词。根据of my life（我的一生中）可知用proud的最高级proudest，最自豪的。
50.【答案】wisely
【解析】wise明智的，形容词。这里修饰动词protect，用副词wisely"明智地"。
故答案为：wisely。
明智地保护地球上丰富的资源对我们来说很重要。
单词填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据单词提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
51.【答案】Canadians'
【解析】根据提示"加拿大人"可知，是可数名词Canadian。这里one of后跟名词复数Canadians。小说应该是"加拿大人的"，填名词所有格Canadians'。
故答案为：Canadians'。
我们正在读的小说是其中一名加拿大人的。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
52.【答案】island
【解析】岛屿，英语表达是：island。此处是名词用作形容词，用单数形式。
故答案为island。
在这些岛国我们可以看到不同种类的鸟。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
53.【答案】separated
【解析】考查翻译填空．根据汉语提示及其英语句子，可知要翻译的部分为：分开、分隔．英语表达是：separate．动词．由must be可知是被动语态must be+过去分词．句意：垃圾必须被分成不同的组，然后回收．
故答案为separated．
垃圾必须被分成不同的组，然后回收．
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化．
54.【答案】elderly
【解析】句意：35%的老人自从孩子不和他们住在一起而时常感到孤独。结合提示词可知，此处应是elderly“年老的，年长的”，形容词，the+形容词表示一类人，the elderly老人，老年人。
55.【答案】except
【解析】根据提示"除……之外"可知，表示从整体中除去一部分，填介词except。
故答案为：except。
除周六外，通宵列车每周晚上运行。
翻译填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据中文提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
56.【答案】【小题1】The Man-Mountain.
【小题2】It is thirty centimeters.
【小题3】Because they wanted to become the King's most important officials.
【小题4】They jumped one by one.
【小题5】They felt proud.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Lilliputians soon began to lose their fear of me.They called me the Man-Mountain.（利力浦特人很快就不再害怕我了。他们叫我人山。）可知利力浦特人把作者叫做人山。故答案为The Man-Mountain.
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段A very thin rope is fixed thirty centimeters above the ground.（一根很细的绳子固定在离地面30厘米的地方。）可知很细的绳子长三十厘米。故答案为It is thirty centimeters.
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段People who want to become the King's most important officials jump and dance on this rope，and whoever jumps highest without falling gets the best job.（想成为国王最重要的官员的人在这条绳子上跳来跳去，谁跳得最高而不掉下来，谁就能得到最好的工作。）可知人们在绳子上跳因为他们想成为国王最重要的官员。故答案为Because they wanted to become the King's most important officials.
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段One by one，people come up to him and jump over the stick or crawl under it.（人们一个接一个地向他走来，跳过树枝或从下面爬过去。）可知人们一个接一个地跳。故答案为They jumped one by one.
（5）细节理解题。根据第三段Many of the Lilliput lords wear their ribbons proudly at all times.（许多利力浦特的贵族总是骄傲地戴着他们的绶带。）可知戴着绶带的贵族感到骄傲。故答案为They felt proud.
本文主要讲了巨人格列佛，受国王邀请参加常规娱乐的故事。
阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，根据问题写出正确的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
57~66.【答案】ulture、nvited、xperience、omething、eceive、omes、lse、hole、irst、ourself
【解析】（1）考查名词。句意：在中国旅行时，了解中国的文化和习俗对你的行为举止很重要。根据前句China is an old country with a rich culture.（中国是一个有着丰富文化的古老国家。）可知，了解中国的文化很重要。故填culture。
（2）考查动词。句意：邀请外国人到中国人家里做客正变得越来越流行。根据后句Being invited to a Chinese family's home（被邀请到一个中国家庭做客）可知，此处是指外国人被邀请到中国人家里做客。用被动语态，其结构为be done，invite的过去分词是invited。故填invited。
（3）考查名词。句意：被邀请到中国家庭做客是一种美妙而温暖的经历。根据Being invited to a Chinese family's home can be a wonderful and warm...（被邀请到中国家庭做客是一种美妙而温暖的......）结合单词首字母提示可知，被邀请到中国人家里做客是一次美妙的经历。空前有a，用单数。故填experience。
（4）考查不定代词。句意：别忘了对家里你特别喜欢的东西说几句好话。根据say good words about...special you like in the house.（对家里你特别喜欢的......说几句好话。）结合单词首字母提示可知，是指特别喜欢的某个东西。用不定代词something，something special特别的东西。故填something。
（5）考查动词。句意：中国人喜欢收到装在漂亮盒子或篮子里的水果或茶。根据后句fruit or tea in a nice box or basket（装在漂亮盒子或篮子里的水果或茶）可知，在介绍中国人喜欢收到的礼物。like to do sth.喜欢做某事，该空用动词原形。故填receive。
（6）考查动词。句意：闲聊后，饭来了。根据After some small talks（闲聊后）结合常识可知，闲聊过后就是吃饭了。此处是一个倒装句，表示"饭来了"，主语the dinner是单数，时态为一般现在时，主谓一致。故填comes。
（7）考查形容词。句意：当被邀请过来吃饭时，一定要注意到其他人每一个人在做什么，并试着做同样的事情。根据try to do the same（试着做同样的事情）可知，要去观察其他人在做什么。everybody else其他每一个人。故填else。
（8）考查形容词。句意：不要把整盘全吃完，在盘子里留一点食物。根据后半句but leave a small amount of food on the plates.（在盘子里留一点食物。）可知，不要整盘全吃完。whole全部的，整个的，符合语境。故填whole。
（9）考查数词。句意：中国人不怕问私人问题，即使你是第一次见面。for the first time第一次，是固定搭配。故填first。
（10）考查反身代词。句意：在当地人热情好客的世界里尽情享受吧。enjoy oneself尽情享受，是固定搭配。该句主语是第二人称you，所以反身代词用yourself。故填yourself。
本文主要介绍了中国的文化和习俗，以及作为外国人在中国旅行时需要注意的事项。
题目考查学生对语法知识的掌握及对语篇的理解能力。做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词意及词性，然后考虑是否要对单词进行变形，从而得出正确答案。
67.【答案】Australian seasons are the opposite of ours.
【解析】根据句意提示"澳大利亚的季节和我们的相反"，可知本题为肯定句，且为一般现在时态。考虑用Australian seasons作主语，系动词动词用are，名词短语the opposite of ours作表语。
故填：Australian seasons are the opposite of ours.
澳大利亚的季节和我们的相反。
根据汉语提示填空，先要想出要填的句型，再恰当地运用词汇，方能正确解答。
68.【答案】How does he keep in touch with his parents every week？
【解析】根据题干，可知how引导一般疑问句。keep in touch with与……保持联系；由every week可知时态是一般现在时，主语he用助动词does+动词原形。
故答案为：How does he keep in touch with his parents every week？
他每周怎么和他父母保持联系？
How does he keep in touch with his parents every week？
69.【答案】He didn't realize his mistake（s） until he was told yesterday.
【解析】根据句意中"直到"和"才"可知，本句应用固定句型not ...until表示"直到……才……"。"昨天"译为yesterday，表明句子用一般过去式，"被告知"用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为he，因此是was told。realize意为"意识到，察觉"，mistake意为"错误"，根据句子时态和本句句型，谓语动词realize前面应加助动词didn't。
故答案为：He didn't realize his mistake（s） until he was told yesterday.
直到他昨天被告知，他才意识到自己的错误。
本题考查not ...until句型，需根据句意判断句型，熟练掌握时间状语从句的句型搭配和时态变化。
70.【答案】Simon was too excited to express himself clearly.
【解析】too…to…太……而不能……；express himself 表达自己；excited激动的；clearly清晰地，本句为一般过去时态。
故答案为：Simon was too excited to express himself clearly.
Simon太激动了而没有能清晰的表达自己。
此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案。
71.【答案】The most important thing is not to win gold or silver，but to take part.
【解析】根据题干，可知考查：not…but…不是…而是…；the most important thing最重要的事情，此处是不定式作表语，由句意可知时态是一般现在时。
故答案为：The most important thing is not to win gold or silver，but to take part．
最重要的事情不是赢得金牌或银牌，而是参与。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化．
72.【答案】Being a Popular Student Hello，everyone.My name is Li Hua.I want to be a popular student with my classmates and teachers.I'm glad to make a speech here.
In my free time，I like travelling and reading.（兴趣爱好）I think they can lead me into a whole new world.【高分句型一】I have good manners.I always obey traffic rules and never litter everywhere.I never speak loudly in public places.I always live a green life.（行为习惯）I can save water by taking a shorter shower，save energy by turning off the lights when necessary，and reduce pollution by recycling waste.（绿色生活）
What's more，I am willing to help others.I can save my pocket money to help those who are in need.【高分句型二】I take an active part in voluntary activities.I work as a volunteer in my community.（公益活动）
Thank you for listening!
【解析】【高分句型一】
I think they can lead me into a whole new world.我认为它们可以引领我进入一个全新的世界。I think+宾语从句。
【高分句型二】
I can save my pocket money to help those who are in need.我可以省下我的零花钱来帮助那些需要帮助的人。who引导的定语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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