2024东莞四中高三上学期10月月考试题英语含解析

这是一份2024东莞四中高三上学期10月月考试题英语含解析，共43页。试卷主要包含了 选择题的作答， 考试结束后，请将答题卡上交等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡的非答题区域均无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bks are excellent gifts. Here are fur f the year’s mst talked-abut titles.
Ordinary Mnsters | By J. M. Mir
Mir has temprarily abandned literary fictin in favur f a new series f histrical fantasy nvels. Ordinary Mnsters is abut a grup f children with magical gifts wh cme tgether and pl their pwers t escape the bad shape-shifting man that’s ging after them.
Sn f Elsewhere: A Memir in Pieces | By Elamin Abdelmahmud
The sundtrack t The O. C., a drama series, and the strange beauty f Highway 401 were imprtant factrs in develping selfhd f Abdelmahmud. This bk describes his wn experience f mving frm Khartum, Sudan, t Kingstn, Canada, in the early 2000s at age 12.
A Magic Steeped in Pisn | By Judy I. Lin
Harry Ptter has his magic stick. And Ning, the herine f Lin’s first nvel, has tea, which in her wrld carries magical prperties. Lin has created a pleasing Yung Adult fantasy rich in Chinese mythlgy (神话). In this bk, Ning enters a cmpetitin t find the mst gifted tea master, Shennng.
A Ballet f Lepers | By Lenard Chen
Unlike many ther psthumus (死后出版的) wrks, yu can cunt n Chen’s t be wrth yur wait. Befre his death, he said that the nvel cntained in the bk, which was never published, was likely better than The Favurite Game, a nvel he published during his lifetime. This bk als includes a radi play script (剧本) and a handful f shrt stries.
1. Which bk is a mirrr f the authr’s life stry?
A. Ordinary Mnsters.B. Sn f Elsewhere: A Memir in Pieces.
C. A Magic Steeped in Pisn.D. A Ballet f Lepers.
2. What d the first and third bks have in cmmn?
A. They are abut teamwrk.
B. They are based n an imaginary wrld.
C. They bth invlve Chinese characters.
D. They draw inspiratin frm ther nvels.
3. What can be inferred abut A Ballet f Lepers?
A. It is a cllectin.B. It is Chen’s best nvel.
C. It is a fantasy nvel.D. It is adapted frm a play.
B
A sng called Lnely Warrir (《孤勇者》) is always ringing in my ears. Six years ag, after hsting an annual ceremny fr my schl, I fund that my left leg was a little swllen, and very sn I culd barely walk. In fact, the swllen part became a fist-sized meatball that was s painful that I culd barely sleep. Of curse, I went t a lcal hspital, where I was given very bleak (不乐观的) news-stesarcma, which means bne cancer.
I underwent chemtherapy (化疗) fr the next tw years, and it was the wrst time f my life. Physically, I felt that the side effects f chemtherapy were killing me. I lst all f the hair n my bdy and I became ttally bald. I culd barely eat anything, even if felt hungry. I n lnger needed an alarm clck t wake up in the mrning. Instead, what wke me was my bdy telling me that I needed t vmit (呕吐).
I had n idea where all this treatment wuld leave me, and the dreams I had nce nursed abut the future were entirely wiped ut. I wanted t feel the wrld and experience mre, s I stuck t the curse f treatment. As time went by, hwever, I became weaker and weaker. The side effects nw were far wrse than they had been earlier.
I eventually suggested that the leg be chpped ff, and the dctr said that might be the best thing t d, as lng as I culd cpe with the psychlgical and scial pressures afterward. I made my decisin very calmly, because I knew things culd nt be wrse than they were at that mment, and I was determined that this was just ne mre battle I wuld win.
Nw, six years later, I have weathered all these difficulties. I have been s lucky t be able t find the strength t deal with all f this, and what I have t tell anyne still struggling with difficulties is this: have faith in yurself, and d nt let bad mments drag yu dwn. Just hang n and yu will cme thrugh.4. What can we learn abut the side effects f chemtherapy?
A. They made the authr suffer a lt.
B. They destryed the authr’s faith.
C. They were relieved after treatment.
D. They were mre bvius in the daytime
5. What was the authr’s decisin t deal with his cnditin?
A. Chpping ff his leg.
B. Turning dwn the dctr’s advice.
C. Giving in t the cancer.
D. Seeking psychlgical assistance.
6. What des the underlined wrd“weathered”in the last paragraph mean?
A. resistedB. survivedC. escapedD. prduced
7. What des the authr want t cnvey in the text?
A. A light heart lives lng.
B. A gd medicine tastes bitter.
C. Time wrks wnders.
D. One with faith braves any hardship.
C
Recently, mre than 1,000 researchers and executives signed an pen letter calling fr a pause in research n artificial intelligence. The letter warns that AI may threaten jbs, spread prpaganda (宣传), and even lead t the “lss f cntrl f ur civilizatin”.
Many f the signatries (签署者) are thughtful and experienced AI practitiners. Their cncerns shuld be taken seriusly. On balance, thugh, their apprach is likely t evlve int an ppsitin t prgress.
Cnsider the brader wrldview expressed in this dcument. It said, “Pwerful AI systems shuld be develped nly nce we are cnfident that their effects will be psitive and risks manageable. ” This is a frmula fr cmplete stp, as n ne can ever be s cnfident. The histry f innvatin is ne f trial and errr, risk and reward. One reasn why the US leads the wrld in digital technlgy is that it did nt cnstrain the industry with well-meaning but dubtful regulatin. Slwing AI prgress, mrever, carries risks all its wn. Dn’t frget that this technlgy is likely t make the wrld richer, healthier, smarter and mre prductive fr decades t cme. By 2030, it might be cntributing mre than $15 trillin t the glbal ecnmy. Advances in medicine, bilgy, climate science, educatin, manufacturing, transprtatin and much mre are n the hrizn. Any new rules must be balanced against the vast ptential f these effrts.
Nr is AI research advancing int a vid (空白领域). The industry already perates within legal parameters (范畴) in respnse t ptential harms. Cmpanies have ensured their prducts are safe. Trade assciatins are develping cdes f cnduct and ethical framewrks. Far frm the “ut-f-cntrl race”, the AI business is cnstrained by law and plitics and cnsumer sentiment.
It’s natural t wrry abut new technlgies. But the wealth and abundance f American sciety is due in n small part t risks taken in the past, in a spirit f penness and ptimism. The AI revlutin deserves n less.
8. Why did the researchers and executives sign the pen letter?
A. Because the research n AI had been paused.
B. Because AI had uncntrllably destryed human civilizatin.
C. Because they were wrried abut the ptential risks f AI.
D. Because they were mre experienced than thers in AI field.
9. Why is the US mentined in paragraph 3?
A. T supprt that innvatin cmes frm taking risks.
B. T stress that the US is very imprtant in the digital field.
C. T draw attentin t the benefits f well-meaning regulatins.
D. T reveal thse peple’s real purpse f signing the letter.
10. What can we infer frm this passage?
A. AI technlgy cnsumes mre mney than it can earn.
B. Sciety will hugely benefit frm AI technlgy in the future.
C. The AI industry is nw develping withut any restrictins.
D. The develpment f AI technlgy is just a sl effrt.
11. What’s the writer’s attitude twards AI revlutin?
A. Dubtful.B. Supprtive.C. Neutral.D. Indifferent.
D
Pisn frgs acrss Central and Suth America display sme f the brightest clrs in the animal kingdm. The way such creatures evlved t be just clrful enugh t signal their txic (有毒的) defense-but nt s clrful that they becme vulnerable t predatrs (捕食者) — has lng been a grey area fr scientists. Initially, predatrs wuld nt have knwn that bright clrs signal txicity, and therefre wuld have eaten, and then becme ill-these easily-sptted few members f a species with the clrful mutatin (突变). In thery, this shuld make it virtually impssible fr the apsematic (防护色的) pineers t pass n their genes t their ffspring, allwing fr the mutatin t take hld in the ppulatin.
T get t the bttm f this dilemma, Karl Leffler Henry, a researcher at Carletn University launched the new study. Leffler Henry’s team pred ver data frm the family trees f 1,100 species f frgs, newts and salamanders, and categrized them int ne f five grups. On ne end f range are the creatures with bright blues, yellws and reds. On the ther are species that blend in perfectly with their surrundings. Between these ples, the scientists place species with camuflaged (伪装的) tps and clrful bttms in varius degrees. These tend t display their dramatic halves nly when trying t defend themselves frm predatrs.
The team used nine different cmputer mdels t test the ptential evlutinary rutes the species in the bright apsematic grup might have taken t evlve this way. In the end, the researchers realized that they all kind f fllwed a similar pattern, evlving frm species in the middle f that range, thse whse clrs are hidden unless in danger.
There have als been ther theries prpsed, but this new thery presents a mechanism that is likely t play a rle in the evlutin f anti-predatr defense in varius prey grups and a wide range f different predatrs. Pssibly, it might inspire the explratin f evlutin f warning clratin in ther animal grups as well.
12. What remained unclear t scientists in the past?
A. Hw the prper shades f the clrs are evlved.
B. Hw these creatures signal their txic defence.
C. Which clrs are better at scaring predatrs away.
D. Which creatures are at higher risk f being eaten.
13. What d the underlined wrds “this dilemma” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. The predatrs clearly knew abut the txicity but still feed n them.
B. The first clrful members have bright clrs but can avid predatrs.
C. The first clrful members were eaten but the mutatin was passed n.
D. The predatrs became seriusly ill but their ppulatin cntinued t bm.
14. What d we knw abut the new study?
A. The clrs f all thse species were either bright r grey.
B The apsematic grup evlved by fllwing nine rutes.
C The researchers bserved these different species in the wild.
D. The rigin f the evlutin turned ut t be the hidden clrs.
15. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?A. Other theries f the evlutin.B. Other animals’ evlutin rutes.
C. The drawbacks f the study.D. The significance f the study.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Enhance Yur Wellbeing in Nature
Nature reduces ur anger, fear, and depressin and increases ur psitive md and psychlgical wellbeing. Time in nature als brings us ut f urselves and ur narrw cncerns and cnnects us t a larger wrld where we find beauty and interest. ___16___
It is clear that it is imprtant t get utside! ___17___ But even if yu live in an urban area, spend time in yur yard r find a park r a green space with trees and bushes. G utside during yur lunch hur if yu can t get a “breath f fresh air” and give yur mind a break. ___18___
We all knw the lng list f physical mental, and emtinal benefits f exercise. Exercise imprves attentin in the yung and cgnitive functining in the ld. It reduces stress and acts as an antidepressant. ___19___ But much as we knw all these benefits, we can’t always mtivate urselves t exercise regularly. This is where nature can help. An appealing place t walk r bike can get us ff ur seats and mving. And nce we start, the beauty f natural surrundings keeps us mtivated t cntinue.
___20___ A series f studies shwed that walking in frests, as ppsed t urban envirnments, lwered bld pressure and stress hrmnes well beynd the time f the walk. S find smewhere with trees, bushes, wild grasses r flwers, water, and ther such natural elements and g fr a walk r run r bike. Gardening is anther wnderful way t be active utside.
A. If yu can get t the cuntry, r a lake, that’s wnderful.
B. Exercise is als the key if we want t avid gaining weight.
C. S find smewhere with trees r bushes t g fr a walk.
D. The beauty f natural surrundings can keep us mtivated.
E. Thus the envirnment is cnnected t ur verall wellbeing.
F. Yu shuld find mre energy fr yur afternn mental tasks.
G. Mrever, exercising utdrs reduces stress even mre than exercise indrs.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We live in a wrld increasingly dminated by science. Since elementary schl, I have always ___21___subjects like science and math. T me, these subjects, full f discveries and ___22___, seem t play mre significant rle in human prgress than humanities. And I always ___23___thught f these subjects as mre slid and serius than classes like English. If there was n right ___24___I thught, why bther? But recently I had an ___25___that taught me my academic interests are mre flexible than I had thught: I tk my first philsphy class.
Befre I entered the classrm, I was ___26___. I waited utside with the ther students and wndered what exactly philsphy wuld invlve. I imagined getting int pretty lng and bring cnversatins ___27___intended t reflect n the meaning f life. But what I gt was smething quite ___28___.
A yung man in jeans, Mr. Jnes — “but yu can call me Rb” — was far frm the white- haired, buttned-up ld man I had ___29___. Rather than pulling us int dull arguments abut difficult-t-understand philsphical pints, Rb ___30___us n ur level. T talk free will, we lked at ur wn bstacles. T talk mrals, we lked at ___31___we had faced urselves. By the end f class, I’d discvered that questins with n right answer can turn ut t be the mst ___32___nes.
It ___33___me that if I let g f my ___34___, I can actually get a lt ut f the subjects I nce thught little f. The class taught me — in mre ways than ne — t lk at things with a(n) ___35___mind.
21. A. chsenB. evaluatedC. favredD. avided
22. A. frmulasB. puzzlesC. challengesD. innvatins
23. A. autmaticallyB. cnsciuslyC. accuratelyD. impatiently
24. A. reasnB. answerC. methdD. directin
25. A. surpriseB. experienceC. incidentD. adventure
26. A. hpefulB. cnfidentC. dubtfulD. nervus
27. A. jkinglyB. mistakenlyC. previuslyD. naturally
28 A. uniqueB. cmmnC. differentD. strange
29. A. mentinedB. expectedC. encunteredD. missed
30. A. engagedB. testedC. persuadedD. invited
31. A. chicesB. abilitiesC. dilemmasD. dubts
32. A. bjectiveB. effectiveC. encuragingD. appealing
33. A. cnfusedB. struckC. warnedD. cnvinced34. A. prideB. cncernC. assessmentD. prejudice
35. A. penB. strngC. sharpD. ready
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The guqin, China’s ldest stringed instrument, has existed fr ver 3,000 years. The earliest piece, ___36___ (unearth) in Hubei prvince in 2016, dates back t the Zhu Dynasty.
The bdy f a guqin is made f wd and seven strings f silk, but unlike its seemingly simple appearance, it takes ver a hundred wrking prcedures ___37___ (make) the instrument, including material selectin, painting and tuning. It is ___38___ extremely demanding jb.
The guqin, alng with the game f G, calligraphy and painting, ___39___ (expect) t be mastered by nblemen and schlars in ancient China. The mst distinguished guqin ___40___ (music) was Yu Bya in the Spring and Autumn & Warring States Perids. As he played the guqin in the muntains, a wdcutter named Zhng Ziqi heard it and understd exactly ___41___ was expressed in the music. This deep understanding frmed a strng bnd ___42___ them, and they became clse friends. This is the famus tale behind the guqin masterpiece, High Muntains, Flwing Water, ___43___ has been passed dwn thrugh generatins and is cnsidered ne f the greatest cmpsitins in Chinese guqin music.
Nwadays, there are fewer than ne thusand well-trained guqin players and perhaps n mre than fifty ___44___ (survive) masters. The riginal several thusand cmpsitins have _____45_____ (significant) declined t a mere hundred wrks that are regularly perfrmed tday.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Alex已被香港大学录取。请你写邮件祝贺Alex，并请教如何申请入读香港大学。
注意：
1.写作词数应为100左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Alex,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As the late afternn sun beat dwn n his farm in Missuri last May, Brandn finished feeding his cws and decided t g hme. As they ften did, his tw sns, Luie, 7, and Everett, 5, fllwed clsely.
As they headed fr the huse, the tw bys ran ahead f their father, wh stpped t clse the gate. Luie paused at a bard cvering an ld well. The bard had, ver time, becme easily brken. When Luie stepped n it, it caved in and he fell int the well. Brandn had just clse the dr when he heard a cry fr help. He turned arund and fund his yunger sn Everett standing alne beside the well, pinting t it and screaming.
Brandn quickly realized what had happened. “N, Luie can barely swim,” he panicked, his mind almst ging blank. Hwever, he knew he shuld calm dwn. He ran t the well and heard Luie hitting the water. Withut thinking, he jumped in. Smehw, Brandn managed t grab n t a pipe that ran dwn the side f the well. He hit the cld water at the bttm f the well and lifted Luie up as he stuck his wn legs and back against the narrw walls fr supprt. “All right, Dad, we can climb ut nw,” Luie said.
If nly it were that easy!
The pipe that he’d grabbed during his fall was t slippery t be f any use. There was nly ne way ut. Lking up t see Everett lking dwn at them, Brandn shuted, “Everett, yu’re ging t have t be a big by and save us. Run t the rad and stand by the mailbx until smene stps. Tell them we need help. And Everett, stay ff the rad.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Everett did as he was tld
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The cuple hurried t the well with Everett.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________