2023-2024学年湖北省荆州市公安县第三中学高三上学期入学考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2023-2024学年湖北省荆州市公安县第三中学高三上学期入学考试英语试题含解析，共1页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，阅读理解，七选五，用单词的适当形式完成短文，推荐信，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


第I卷（选择题）
一、完形填空
This first day f schl can be stressful fr bth parents and children．But fr Cnnr Crites, an 8-year-ld Kansas by living with autism（自闭症）, it was 1 terrible, until anther child 2 in．Cnnr Crites was beginning his secnd grade at Minneha Elementary Schl in Wichita, Kansas．But instead f mixing with ther children and explring the playgrund, Cnnr 3 himself frm thers and std in a crner 4 ．
Nw, unfamiliar scial 5 can be challenging fr autistic children t 6 ．But luckily fr Cnnr, the 8-year-ld Bb, wh was als starting secnd grade, nticed him 7 and weeping by himself．Withut 8 , Bb walked ver t Cnnr and tk his hand．Still 9 upset, Cnnr held n t Bb's hand as they walked tgether int schl．
Bb's mther, Curtney Mre, witnessed the 10 and tk a quick pht f the bys．She said, "He grabs his hand and walks him t the frnt dr．We waited until the bell rang and he walked him inside f the schl．The past is histry．They have a firm bnd．" Mre 11 the pht n Facebk and wrte: This lessn is a beautiful example f hw friendship can cme at the mst 12 mments．When Cnnr's mther, Crites, saw the pht, she was 13 t tears．
" 14 saved my sn．It desn't matter the disability, and it desn't matter anything, just be kind, and pen yur heart．It's what we need in this cld wrld, which 15 us," Crites said．
1．A．alsB．evenC．hardlyD．yet
2．A．steppedB．calledC．cutD．gave
3．A．dividedB．preventedC．separatedD．learned
4．A．hwlingB．sighingC．sbbingD．cnsidering
5．A．chancesB．adventuresC．prejudicesD．situatins
6．A．btainB．handleC．adptD．cnfirm
7．A．wanderingB．cmplainingC．reflectingD．struggling
8．A．principleB．guidanceC．hesitatinD．methd
9．A．visiblyB．surprisinglyC．regularlyD．deliberately
10．A．emtinB．sceneC．aspectD．atmsphere
11．A．wnedB．checkedC．tkD．psted
12．A．unexpectedB．unfrgettableC．unnecessaryD．unacceptable
13．A．terrifiedB．mvedC．frustratedD．embarrassed
14．A．LuckB．FaithC．CmpaninshipD．Curage
15．A．inspiresB．challengesC．enhancesD．warms
第II卷（非选择题）
二、阅读理解
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The Wdside Mtel is the place t stay while visiting ur city. After a day f sightseeing, relax in the cmfrt f yur luxury rm. All ur rms have king-sized beds, free mvies, and mini-bars. Our utdr playgrund and indr recreatin rm (娱乐室) mean the little nes will never be bred. Babysitting service available. Enjy yur next family vacatin at the Wdside Mtel.
The Clumbus Htel is clse t the city’s finest restaurants and clubs. Enjy the wnderful view f the city skyline frm the Clumbus Rftp Restaurant. Hst yur next cnference r banquet (宴会) with us. We have a selectin f receptin rms and banquet rms suitable fr cnferences and parties. Call 245-555-0982 t speak t ur banquet crdinatr (协调员), 245-555-0987 fr dinner reservatins at the Rftp Restaurant, and 245-555-0862 t reserve a rm.
Next time yu’re in twn, stay at the City View Htel. Whether yu’re here t shp, play, r wrk, City View’s lcatin can’t be beaten. We’re clse t all majr bus lines and right next t the city’s business district. All rms include kitchens. Call 492-555-5932 fr reservatins. Dn’t frget t ask abut ur special weekly and mnthly prices.
The Sunflwer Mtel ffers reasnable prices and cable TV in every rm. Pets are welcme (extra charge applies). Special weekend prices. Call 488-555-0821 fr reservatins.
16．Which htel is mst suitable fr a cuple with a six-mnth-ld baby?
A．The Rsewd Htel.B．The Sunflwer Mtel.
C．The Clumbus Htel.D．The Wdside Mtel.
17．What number may yu call if yu are lking fr a place t hld a big birthday party?
A．245-555-0982. B．245-555-0862. C．492-555-5932. D．488-555-0821.
18．Where des this text prbably cme frm?
A．A travel jurnal. B．A research paper. C．A turist guidebk. D．A business reprt.
David is a retired teacher. In Octber 2020, when the Huse f Cmmns vted against extending free schl meals int the hlidays, David started strategising with the schl headteacher: “I said: ‘What are we ging t d abut this?’” At the last minute, the lcal cuncil stepped in t fund free hliday meals but a seed had been planted, leaving David pndering (沉思) the wider issue f lcal fd pverty. “It was evident there was a need fr fd supprt within the area,” says David.
David cntacted a grup f lcal residents wh had expressed an interest, plus tw friends wh had wrked with the UK fd bank charity the Trussell Trust—inviting them t jin him n a Zm call t discuss fd pverty during the Cvid crisis and beynd. “We decided, everybdy tgether, that we culd d smething,” David says.
The grup recruited (招募) vlunteers and the prject tk shape. They chse the name “The Sharehuse”, rather than “fd bank”, t reflect the fact that the prject wuld meet nt nly the need fr lcal fd supprt, but als the pressing desire many expressed t d smething meaningful at a time f crisis. “It’s like an exchange, rather than a bank,” says David.
The nnprfit pened just six weeks after that first call in December 2020. “We had seven peple,” says David, but by the fllwing week, they had 40 clients, and it built steadily. Nw they supprt 100-plus families three times a week, and have gne frm having 12 vlunteers t abut 40. It has als wrked with lcal services t ffer supprt n everything frm addictin t debt and benefits advice.
Welcming a client fr the first time is ften ne f the hardest mments. “Having t sit with smebdy new and let it unfld—it’s very raw.” The Sharehuse has regulars, but ther peple fall ff the radar, leaving David t wnder what has happened. “I wnder where they are nw; what they’re ding. It can be emtinal.”
The Sharehuse serves as a reminder f hw effective cllective actin and cmmunity can be. Fr anyne wanting t vlunteer, David’s advice is: “Be led by what inspires yu, dn’t be frightened and dn’t verthink it.”
19．Why did David fund the Sharehuse?
A．Sme f his neighburs are ging hungry
B．The authrities denied lcal fd pverty
C．He wanted t cmpete with the fd bank charity
D．Lcal residents are unwilling t fund free hliday meals.
20．What d we knw abut the Sharehuse?
A．It has made a huge prfit.B．It has expanded its ambitins.
C．It presses lcal peple t dnate.D．It exchanges fd with the fd bank.
21．What des the underlined part in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Cmplain.B．Struggle.C．Disappear.D．Prceed.
22．What is David’s advice t ptential vlunteers?
A．Fllw yur heart.B．Think befre yu act.
C．Prvide fr a rainy day.D．D as the Rmans d.
Last year, 138,000 San Francisc residents used Airbnb, a ppular app designed t cnnect hme renters and travelers. It’s a striking number fr a city with a ppulatin f abut 850,000, and it was enugh fr Airbnb t win a majr victry in lcal electins, as San Francisc vters struck dwn a debatable rule that wuld have placed time restrictins and ther regulatins n shrt-term rental services.
The cmpany fiercely ppsed the measure, Prpsitin F, with a nearly $10 millin advertising campaign. It als cntacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them t vte against Prpsitin F.
Mst peple think f Airbnb as a kind f cuch-surfing app. The service wrks fr ne-night stays n rad trips and lnger stays in cities, and it ften has mre cmpetitive pricing than htels. It’s a textbk example f the “sharing ecnmy”, but nt everyne is a fan.
The app has had unintended cnsequences in San Francisc. As the San Francisc Chrnicle reprted last year, a significant amunt f renting n Airbnb is nt in line with the cmpany’s image: middle-class families putting up a spare rm t help make ends meet. Sme users have taken advantage f the service, using it t turn their multiple prperties int vacatin rentals r even full-time rentals. Backers f Prpsitin F argued that this trend takes spaces ff the cnventinal, better-regulated husing market and cntributes t rising csts.
“The fact is, widespread abuse f shrt-term rentals is taking much needed husing ff the market and harming ur neighbrhds,” said ShareBetter SF, a grup that supprted Prpsitin F. Htel unins have prtested the cmpany’s practices in San Francisc and ther cities, saying that it creates an illegal htel system.
San Francisc is in the middle f a lng-term, deeply rted husing crisis that has seen the cst f living explde. Actually, explde is a generus term. The average mnthly rent fr an apartment is arund $4, 000. Lcated n a narrw utcrpping f land verlking the bay, San Francisc simply desn’t have enugh space t accmmdate the massive inflw f yung, high-salaried tech emplyees flcking t Silicn Valley.
As the Ls Angeles Times reprted, sme San Francisc residents supprted the measure simply because it seemed like a way t check a big crpratin. Oppnents f Prpsitin F cuntered that the husing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule wuld have discuraged a ppular service while ding little t slve the city’s existing prblems.
23．The intentin f Prpsitin F is t ________.
A．place time limits in lcal electin.B．set limits n shrt-term rental.
C．strike dwn a cntrversial rule.D．urge users t vte against Airbnb.
24．What is the negative cnsequence f Airbnb n San Francisc?
A．It shrinks the living space f middle-class families.
B．Users are taken advantage f by the service financially.
C．It makes the huse market mre cmpetitive.
D．It indirectly leads t high huse rental price.
25．The husing crisis in San Francisc results frm ________.
A．explsin f the living cstB．its gegraphic characteristics
C．genersity f lcal enterprisesD．inflw f migrant ppulatin
26．The authr’s attitude tward Prpsitin F is ________.
A．bjectiveB．supprtive
C．negativeD．indifferent
“While animals can’t pick ut precise numbers, they can understand that mre is mre. Interestingly, we knw nw that numerical cmpetence is present n almst every branch f the animal tree f life,” says Andreas Nieder, a neurbilgist frm the University f Tuebingen. “Different grups f animals bviusly develped this cmpetence independently frm thers and that strngly indicates that it has t be f adaptive value.”
Hneybees, fr instance, can remember the number f landmarks they pass when searching fr fd in rder t find their way back t the hive. The last cmmn ancestr between hneybees and primates lived abut 600 millin years ag. But still, they evlved numerical cmpetence that, in many respects, is cmparable t vertebrate numerical cmpetence. Als, fr example, male frgs sing “advertisement” calls t attract females. The females, listening fr the cmplexity f their calls, chse the male that sings the mst calls.
Wlves are mre likely t hunt successfully if they have the right number f wlves in their pack fr the size f their prey: With prey like deer, nly arund six t eight wlves are needed, while hunting wild x requires a pack f nine t thirteen. Their prey als uses this cncept t prtect themselves frm predatrs — deer tend t live in large herds t reduce the chance f any individual becming prey. S bviusly they are assessing the number f individuals in their grups fr their everyday life situatins.
Despite these many examples f numerical cmpetence in animals, this subject has nt gtten many first-hand studies. “Many f these behaviral findings in the wild have usually been cllected as by-prducts r accidental findings f ther research questins,” says Nieder. He argues that mre research needs t be dne t fully understand the numerical cmpetence.
27．The phenmenn f animals having their wn numerical cmpetence shws that ________.
A．all grups f animals can knw the exact numbers
B．numerical cmpetence must have a survival benefit
C．animals’ intelligence varies with different envirnments
D．animals’ numerical cmpetence is determined by their independence
28．What rle des numerical cmpetence play in wlves’ hunting?
A．It helps them frm prper hunting grups.B．It gives them mre ptins t hunt.
C．It makes them discver mre prey.D．It ffers them new skills t hunt.
29．Hw des the authr mainly develp this text?
A．By listing figures.B．By asking questins.
C．By giving examples.D．By making cmparisns.
30．Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A．A bilgy textbk.B．A health magazine.
C．A travel brchure.D．A science reprt.
三、七选五
N ne knws when we began using clr, but we think that ancient cultures may have used clrs t represent specific things. 31 In ther wrds, peple chse what the clrs represented—blue in ne culture culd mean the ppsite in anther.
32 Studies in histry suggest that new clrs quickly became ppular, prbably because they were different. T take a mre recent example, the first mass-prduced cars were all black. When different clred paint was develped, peple chse thse clrs because they were new. The same thing happened when clr was intrduced t ther materials, such as plastic. The first clr televisins didn't have very realistic clrs, but almst everyne preferred them t black and white.
Clrs als affect us n a deeper level. Experiments have shwn that clrs can have a physical effect n us. Fr example, red is said t make ur breathing and heartbeat faster. 33 And green can have a similar relaxing effect.
34 Research suggests that ver the years, we have learned t recgnize varius clrs as a warning. If a primitive man cut his hand and saw his bld, the red clr truly represented danger. Similarly, he wuld nt eat meat if it was blue r green— smething tells us that green r blue meat is bad. 35 Try serving a meal t yur friends with the ptates r rice clred blue. Yu knw that the fd is harmless, but yur guests will prbably nt eat it. And when they refuse the fd, they are using a universal ability that humans have develped ver thusands f years.
A．Black is the clr f authrity and pwer.
B．Peple ften chse clrs that are new t them.
C．There are many reasns fr the ppularity f new clrs.
D．Blue can make ur bdies release chemicals that calm us dwn.
E．This is an experiment yu can try fr yurself with fd clring.
F．Perhaps there is an imprtant reasn fr ur reactin t clr, hwever.
G．Research shws us that each culture had a different system fr clr use.
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。
Acting was, is and always will be the first lve f the Natinal Peking Opera Cmpany’s new vice-president, Tian Lei, Chen Nan reprts.
Hugusi Street was ne f Beijing’s 36 (busy) cmmercial rads in the lden days. It als 37 (huse) the residence f Peking Opera master Mei Lanfang (1894-1961). Nt far frm Mei’s address, the first theater fr Peking Opera 38 (perfrm) was created in 1954, five years after the funding f the Peple’s Republic f China.
The neighbrhd 39 (change) ver the decades, but the theater still stands tall and is 40 (current) managed by the Natinal Peking Opera Cmpany. Tian Lei treasures the hurs he spends there, training and rehearsing (排练). Wearing a cstume and 41 (arm) with a prp spear (道具长矛), the 42-year -ld walks cnfidently acrss the stage, 42 (practise) a variety f martial art mvements, befre ending the drill with a liangxiang (striking a pse n the stage).
Tian has been wrking with the pera cmpany fr 10 years. Its premises (处所) are 43 10 -minute drive frm the theater and his clleagues train there. He, hwever, prefers the histric stage. “I cme t the theater almst every day because I enjy the peace and emptiness this building ffers. Rehearsing here helps me feel clser 44 the Peking Opera masters 45 nce graced the stage,” he says.
五、推荐信
46．假定你是李华，你的外教Peter对中国饮食文化非常感兴趣，他想请你推荐一款中国传统餐饮，请你写一封e-mail。
内容包括:1.餐饮名称；2.简要描述；3.推荐理由。
注意:1.词数80字左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A freezing dwnpur washed the street in frnt f the small-twn bar. I sat gazing int the watery darkness, alne as usual. I had been in that ld bar fr half an hur, quietly drinking, when my thughtful eyes finally fcused n a medium-sized lump (一团) in a puddle (水洼) a hundred feet away. Fr anther ten minutes, I lked ut thrugh the windw trying t decide if the lump was an animal r just smething.
The night befre, a German dg named Shep had cme int the bar begging fr ptat chips. He was starving and just the size f the lump in the puddle. Why shuld a dg lie in a cld puddle in the freezing rain? I asked myself. The answer was simple: Either it wasn’t a dg, r it was, he was t weak t get up.
The wund in my right shulder ached all the way dwn my fingers. I didn’t want t g ut in the strm. Hey, it wasn’t my dg. It was just a stray n a cld rainy night, a lnely drifter (流浪者). S was I, I thught, as I tssed (扔) dwn what was left f my drink and headed ut the dr.
He was lying in the three inches f water. When I tuched him, he didn’t mve. I thught he was dead. I put my hands arund his chest and raised him t his feet. He std unsteadily, and his head hung like a weight at the end f his neck. His flppy ears were just hairless pieces f flesh dtted with pen sres (伤口).
“Cme n, Shep,” I said, leading him t a crner next t the bar, where he lay n the cld cement and clsed his eyes. A blck away I culd see the lights f a late-night cnvenience stre. It was still pen. I bught three cans f dg fd and fed him. He culdn’t swallw but prly lk at me. He was dying!
注意：1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The lcal vet (兽医) was still at his ffice, s I laded the pr creature int a taxi and headed there.
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Three days later, when I pened the dr f the vet’s, Shep welcmed me with wild enthusiasm.
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参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了康纳·克里茨是一个自闭症儿童，性格孤僻，不愿与其他孩子一起玩，只是在角落里独自哭泣，8岁的鲍勃注意到这一点后，主动接近他并与他成为朋友，两个孩子甚至还一起手牵手去上学，他们之间的友谊让人感到温暖。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：开学的第一天对父母和孩子来说都是有压力的。但对于康纳·克里茨,堪萨斯州一个8岁的自闭症男孩，这甚至是可怕的，直到另一个孩子走进他的生活。A. als也；B. even甚至；C. hardly几乎不；D. yet还。根据空前一句可知，开学第一天对正常家庭的父母和孩子来说都是有压力的，对于自闭症男孩康纳·克里茨情况更糟，这甚至是可怕的，此处表示一种递进，故选B。
2．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. stepped in步入；B. called in着急；C. cut in插嘴；D. gave in屈服。根据下文讲的同上二年级的鲍勃注意到康纳一个人在挣扎和哭泣后主动接近他并与他成为朋友可知，鲍勃走进了他的生活，故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：康纳·克里茨在堪萨斯州威奇托市的明尼哈小学上二年级，但他不和其他孩子一起在操场上玩，而是把自己和其他人分开，独自站在角落里哭泣。A. divided分成、分配；B. prevented阻止；C. separated分离；D. learned学习。根据语境和常识，康纳·克里茨患有自闭症，性格孤僻，不和别的孩子一起玩，separate neself frm sb，把自己与某人分开、不与某人一起……，故选C。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hwling嚎叫；B. sighing叹气；C. sbbing啜泣；D. cnsidering考虑。根据语境和常识，患有自闭症的孩子，性格孤僻，别的孩子在一起玩的时候，他应该是独自站在角落里哭泣（难过），下文中的“weeping by himself”也是提示，故选C。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，对于自闭症儿童来说，处理陌生的社交环境是一个挑战。A. chances机会；B. adventures历险；C. prejudices偏见；D. situatins状况、局面。根据上文语境和常识，对自闭症儿童来说，学校是一个陌生的社交环境，因为那里有很多新同学，故选D。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. btain获得；B. handle处理；C. adpt采取；D. cnfirm确认。根据语境和常识，学校里有很多新同学，对自闭症儿童来说，这是一个陌生的社交环境，是他们难以处理的，故选B。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但对康纳来说幸运的是，8岁的鲍勃也上了二年级，他注意到康纳一个人在挣扎和哭泣。A. wandering漫步；B. cmplaining抱怨；C. reflecting反映；D. struggling挣扎。根据上文康纳不与其他同学一起玩，只是站在角落里独自哭泣的情节可知，他在学校里很挣扎，故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃毫不犹豫地走到康纳跟前，握住他的手。A. principle原则；B. guidance指导；C. hesitatin犹豫；D. methd方法。根据上文语境，鲍勃注意到康纳一个人在挣扎和哭泣后丝毫没有犹豫，直接走到康纳跟前，握住他的手，故选C。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他们一起走进学校时，康纳仍然明显地感到不安，紧紧抓住鲍勃的手。A. visibly显然；B. surprisingly惊讶地；C. regularly有规律地；D. deliberately故意地。康纳患有自闭症，因此他刚与人近距离接触时的不安是显而易见的，故选A。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍勃的母亲考特尼·摩尔目睹了这一幕，并给两个孩子拍了一张照片。A. emtin情感；B. scene情景、场面；C. aspect方面；D. atmsphere氛围。根据上文语境，此处指鲍勃和康纳手牵手走进学校这一情景，故选B。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：摩尔在脸书上发布了这张照片，并写道：这充分证明了友谊是如何在最意想不到的时刻到来的。A. wned拥有；B. checked检查；C. tk带走；D. psted发布。根据空后的“the pht n Facebk”可知，鲍勃的母亲考特尼·摩尔把鲍勃和康纳手牵手走进学校的照片发布在了脸书上，故选D。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. unexpected意想不到的；B. unfrgettable难忘的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. unacceptable不可接受的。康纳是一个自闭症儿童，竟然和鲍勃手牵手一起走进学校，这是令人意想不到的，故选A。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当康纳的母亲克里茨看到这张照片时，她感动得流下了眼泪。A. terrified惊恐的；B. mved感动的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。作为自闭症儿童的母亲，看到别的孩子愿意和自己的儿子交朋友，自然是十分感动，故选B。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“友谊拯救了我的儿子。残疾不要紧，什么都不要紧，只要心地善良，敞开心扉。这是我们在这个寒冷的世界所需要的，温暖着我们”，康纳的母亲克里茨说。A. Luck运气；B. Faith信念；C. Cmpaninship陪伴、友谊；D. Curage勇气。根据上文的讲述可知，鲍勃主动和自闭症儿童康纳交朋友，上文中的“friendship”也是提示，故选C。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. inspires鼓舞；B. challenges挑战；C. enhances加强；D. warms使温暖。根据语境，此处与空前的cld形成对比，指“在这个寒冷的世界里让我们感到温暖”，故选D。
16．D 17．A 18．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是对五家酒店的信息介绍。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段“Our utdr playgrund and indr recreatin rm (娱乐室) mean the little nes will never be bred. Babysitting service available. (我们的室外操场和室内娱乐室意味着孩子们永远不会感到无聊。提供保姆服务)”可知，Rsewd旅馆提供保姆服务，最适合带六个月大的婴儿同行的夫妇。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段“We have a selectin f receptin rms and banquet rms suitable fr cnferences and parties. Call 245-555-0982 t speak t ur banquet crdinatr (协调员), 245-555-0987 fr dinner reservatins at the Rftp Restaurant, and 245-555-0862 t reserve a rm. (我们有适合举行会议和聚会的各种接待室和宴会厅。拨打245-555-0982与我们的宴会协调员交谈，245-555-0987预订屋顶餐厅的晚餐，245-555-0862预订房间)”可知，要想找一个可以举办大型生日宴会的地方，游客可以联系电话245-555-0982与该酒店宴会协调员交谈。故选A。
18．推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要针对旅游者提供了五处酒店信息。由此推知，本文最可能选自一本旅行指南。故选C。
19．B 20．B 21．C 22．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了为解决食物短缺问题，退休教师David建立了“Sharehuse”的故事。
19．推理判断题。根据第一段中“In Octber 2020, when the Huse f Cmmns vted against extending free schl meals int the hlidays, David started strategising with the schl headteacher: “I said: ‘What are we ging t d abut this?’” At the last minute, the lcal cuncil stepped in t fund free hliday meals but a seed had been planted, leaving David pndering (沉思) the wider issue f lcal fd pverty. “It was evident there was a need fr fd supprt within the area,” says David.”（2020年10月，当下议院投票反对将免费校餐延长到假期时，大卫开始与学校校长制定战略:“我说：‘我们该怎么办?’”在最后一刻，当地议会介入，为免费假日餐提供资金，但这一计划已经播下了种子，这让大卫开始思考当地食品贫困的更广泛问题。“很明显，该地区需要食物支持，”大卫说。）和第三段中“The grup recruited (招募) vlunteers and the prject lk shape. They chse the name “The Sharehuse””（该小组招募了志愿者，项目看起来很有条理。他们选择了“共享屋”这个名字。）可知，当局反对将免费校餐延长到假期，而David发现该地区需要食物支持，可推知，正是由于当局否认当地粮食短缺，使得David决定要建立Sharehuse，来解决粮食短缺的问题。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据第三段中“They chse the name “The Sharehuse”, rather than “fd bank”, t reflect the fact that the prject wuld meet nt nly the need fr lcal fd supprt, but als the pressing desire many expressed t d smething meaningful at a time f crisis. ”（他们选择了“共享屋”这个名字，而不是“食物银行”，这反映了这个项目不仅要满足当地对食物支持的需求，而且要满足许多人在危机时期做一些有意义的事情的迫切愿望）可知。这个项目实施的目的不仅仅是解决人们的食物需求，而且满足许多人在危机时期做一些有意义的事情的迫切愿望，即它已经扩大了其设定时候的目标。故选B。
21．词句猜测题。根据划线句前半句“The Sharehuse has regulars”（“共享屋”有常客）后半句“leaving David t wnder what has happened. “I wnder where they are nw; what they’re ding. ”（让大卫纳闷到底发生了什么事。“我不知道他们现在在哪里；他们在做什么。）可知，除了常客之外，其他人都不知道去哪了，可推知，划线部分此处指“消失”含义，故选C。
22．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Fr anyne wanting t vlunteer, David’s advice is: “Be led by what inspires yu, dn’t be frightened and dn’t verthink it.””（对于任何想做志愿者的人，大卫的建议是：“被激励你的东西所引导，不要害怕，也不要想太多。”）可知，在David看来，做志愿就要跟随自己的内心，故选A。
23．B 24．D 25．D 26．A
【分析】这是一篇议论文。旧金山提出了一项F提案限制房子短期租赁，这使得短期租赁软件Airbnb的很多用户反应激烈。文章介绍了Airbnb软件的影响和F提案支持者和反对者的看法。
23．细节理解题。根据第一段中“…as San Francisc vters struck dwn a debatable rule that wuld have placed time restrictins and ther regulatins n shrt-term rental services. (……因为旧金山选民推翻了一项有争议的规定，该规定将对短期租赁服务设置时间限制和其他规定。)”可知，F提案的目的是限制短期租赁。故选B项。
24．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Backers f Prpsitin F argued that this trend takes spaces ff the cnventinal, better-regulated husing market and cntributes t rising csts. (F提案的支持者认为，这种趋势使传统的、监管更好的住房市场失去了空间，并导致成本上升。)”可知，Airbnb对旧金山的负面影响是它间接导致了房屋租金高。故选D项。
25．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Lcated n a narrw utcrpping f land verlking the bay, San Francisc simply desn’t have enugh space t accmmdate the massive inflw f yung, high-salaried tech emplyees flcking t Silicn Valley. (旧金山坐落在一块可以俯瞰海湾的狭长裸露土地上，没有足够的空间容纳大量涌入硅谷的年轻高薪技术员工。)”可知，旧金山的住房危机是流动人口流入造成的。故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The cmpany fiercely ppsed the measure, Prpsitin F, with a nearly $10 millin advertising campaign. (该公司用近1000万美元的广告活动强烈反对F提案。)”和最后一段中“Oppnents f Prpsitin F cuntered that the husing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule wuld have discuraged a ppular service while ding little t slve the city’s existing prblems. (反对F提案的人反驳说，住房危机要严重得多，通过这项规定只会阻碍一项受欢迎的服务，而对解决城市现有的问题几乎没有帮助。)” 可知，作者呈现了F提案反对者的观点；第四段中“Backers f Prpsitin F argued that this trend takes spaces ff the cnventinal, better-regulated husing market and cntributes t rising csts. (F提案的支持者认为，这种趋势使传统的、监管更好的住房市场失去了空间，并导致成本上升。)”可知，作者呈现了F提案支持者的观点，因此在本文中，作者呈现了F提案反对者和支持者的相关观点，但是作者自己没有明确表示自己的立场，因此作者对F提案的态度是客观的。故选A项。
27．B 28．A 29．C 30．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述最近一项研究，动物不仅具有理解数字的能力，而且这一能力还对它们的日常生活有着巨大的影响。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Different grups f animals bviusly develped this trait independently frm thers and that strngly indicates that it has t be f adaptive value.(显然，不同的动物群体独立地发展了这种特性，这强烈表明它必须具有适应价值)”以及第二段列举的例子可知，不同的动物群体明显地独立于其他动物发展出这种特殊的数字能力，这强烈地表明它必须具有适应性价值。可推知，动物具有的数字能力是为了生存需要。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Wlves are mre likely t hunt successfully if they have the right number f wlves in their pack fr the size f their prey: With prey like deer, nly arund six t eight wlves are needed, while hunting wild x requires a pack f nine t thirteen.(如果狼群中狼群的数量与猎物的大小相符，狼更有可能成功捕食：像鹿这样的猎物，只需要大约6到8只狼，而捕猎野牛则需要9到13只狼)”可知，数字能力在狼的狩猎中能帮助它们形成狩猎群体。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hneybees, fr instance, can remember the number f landmarks they pass when searching fr fd in rder t find their way back t the hive.(例如，蜜蜂可以记住它们在寻找食物时经过的地标的数量，以便找到回到蜂巢的路)”；“Als, fr example, male frgs sing “advertisement” calls t attract females.(比如，雄性青蛙会用“广告”的声音来吸引雌性)”以及第三段中“Wlves are mre likely t hunt successfully if they have the right number f wlves in their pack fr the size f their prey: With prey like deer, nly arund six t eight wlves are needed, while hunting wild x requires a pack f nine t thirteen. Their prey als uses this cncept t prtect themselves frm predatrs — deer tend t live in large herds t reduce the chance f any individual becming prey.(如果狼群的数量与猎物的大小相匹配，狼更有可能成功捕猎：对于鹿这样的猎物，只需要6到8只狼，而猎杀野牛则需要9到13只。它们的猎物也用这个概念来保护自己免受捕食者的伤害——鹿倾向于大群生活，以减少任何个体成为猎物的机会)”可推知，文章中作者是通过举例子来说明的。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Despite these many examples f numerical cmpetence in animals, this subject has nt gtten many first-hand studies.(尽管有很多动物数学能力的例子，但这个课题还没有得到很多第一手的研究)”结合本文讲述最近一项研究，动物不仅具有理解数字的能力，而且这一能力还对它们的日常生活有着巨大的影响，所以本文应该选自一篇科学报告。故选D。
31．G 32．B 33．D 34．F 35．E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了颜色对人类的影响。
31．由空后的“In ther wrds，peple chse what the clrs represented—blue in ne culture culd mean the ppsite in anther.（换句话说，人们选择了这些颜色所代表的意义——在一种文化中，蓝色可能在另一种文化中代表相反的意义。）”是对设空处所填内容的解释说明，G项内容“研究表明，每种文化都有不同的色彩使用体系。”与后文意义一致，故选G项。
32．根据第二段中“Studies in histry suggest that new clrs quickly became ppular, prbably because they were different. ”可知，历史研究表明，新颜色很快流行起来，可能是因为它们不同。该段主要描述“人们喜欢选择新颜色”这一现象，设空处作为全段中心句概括全段内容，故选B项。
33．根据空后 “And green can have a similar relaxing effect.（绿色也有类似的放松效果。）”可知，设空处也需要提到能使人放松的颜色，D选项“蓝色能使我们的身体释放化学物质使我们平静下来。”切题。故选D项。
34．根据后文“Research suggests that ver the years, we have learned t recgnize varius clrs as a warning.（研究表明，多年来，我们已经学会识别各种颜色作为一种警告。）”是F选项中关键词“an imprtant reasn（一个重要的原因）”的具体内容，即：我们之所以会对颜色做出相应是因为我们已经学会将颜色作为一种警告。故F选项“然而，也许我们对颜色的反应有一个重要的原因。”切题。故选F项。
35．空格后一句“Try serving a meal t yur friends with the ptates r rice clred blue.（试着用蓝色的土豆或米饭招待你的朋友。）”与选项E中的关键词“an experiment（一个实验）”相对应；该句中的“the ptates r rice clred blue（被染成蓝色的土豆或大米）”与E项中的“fd clring（食物着色）”相对应，故选E项。
36．busiest 37．hused 38．perfrmances 39．has changed 40．currently 41．armed 42．practising 43．a 44．t 45．wh/that
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了京剧的发展和国家京剧公司新任副总裁田磊从事京剧演艺的经历。
36．考查形容词的最高级。句意：古时候，护国寺街是北京最繁忙的商业道路之一。分析句意再根据“ne f+形容词最高级+复数名词”可知，此处应该用形容词的最高级形式。故填busiest。
37．考查动词的时态。句意：它也是京剧大师梅兰芳(1894-1961)的住所。分析句式结构可知，空格处是谓语动词，根据上文中的was可知，本句的时态为一般过去时。故填hused。
38．考查名词。句意：在离梅家不远的地方，1954年，也就是中华人民共和国成立五年后，第一家京剧表演剧院成立了。分析句式结构可知，此处用名词作介词的宾语，此处perfrmance“表演”是可数名词，且前面没有冠词，所以用复数形式表泛指。故填perfrmances。
39．考查动词的时态。句意：几十年来，这个社区已经发生了变化，但剧院仍然屹立不倒，目前由国家京剧团管理。根据本句的时间状语ver the decades可知，本句的时态应该用现在完成时，主语The neighbrhd是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has changed。
40．考查副词。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，修饰动词managed应该用副词。故填currently。
41．考查固定短语。句意：42岁的他穿着戏服，手持道具矛，自信地走在舞台上，练习各种武术动作，最后以一个“亮相”(在舞台上摆出一个姿势)结束练习。分析句意再根据提示词可知，此处用固定短语be armed with表示“装备有、配备有”，再分析句式结构，此处应省去be，用过去作状语。故填armed。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作状语，又因为practise和逻辑主语the 42-year -ld之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语表主动关系。故填practising。
43．考查冠词。句意：田先生已经在剧团工作了10年。那里距离剧院有10分钟车程，他的同事们也在那里训练。分析句意可知，此处drive是名词，且10-minute以辅音因素开头，所以用冠词a泛指一个“10分钟车程”。故填a。
44．考查介词。句意：“在这里排演让我感觉更接近曾经登上舞台的京剧大师，”他说。分析句意再根据空格前的clser可知，此处用介词t构成固定搭配clser t表示“更接近”符合语境。故填t。
45．考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词Peking Opera masters指人，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词wh/that来引导。故填wh/that。
46．Dear Peter,
I knw yu have a preference fr Chinese fd and drink, s I’m writing t recmmend a ppular drink fr breakfast — the sybean milk.
Just like tfu, sybean milk can als date back t Han dynasty. Its white clr makes it lk like a cup f milk, but it is actually made frm beans. When heated, it gives ff a refreshing smell. Additinally, it is delicius as well as nutritius since it’s rich in plant prtein. As the research shws, sybean milk can help cntrl bld pressure and keep the skin yung.
If yu are interested, why nt have a try? I’m sure yu’ll fall in lve with it.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封电子邮件给对中国饮食文化非常感兴趣的外教Peter，向他推荐一款中国传统餐饮。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1. 餐饮名称；
2. 简要描述此中国传统餐饮；
3. 推荐理由。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
have a preference fr；the sybean milk；date back t；be made frm；as well as；bld pressure；fall in lve with
第三步：连词成句
1. I knw yu have a preference fr Chinese fd and drink, s I’m writing t recmmend a ppular drink fr breakfast — the sybean milk.
2. sybean milk can als date back t Han dynasty.
3. but it is actually made frm beans.
4. it is delicius as well as nutritius since it’s rich in plant prtein.
5. I’m sure yu’ll fall in lve with it.
(根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。）
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First f all, Firstly/First, Secndly/Secnd… And then, Finally, In the end, At last, Last but nt least
2.表并列补充关系：What is mre, Besides, Mrever, Furthermre, In additin, As well as, nt nly…but (als), including, als
3.表转折对比关系：Hwever, On the cntrary, but, Althugh + clause(从句), In spite f + n/ding, On the ne hand…,On the ther hand… Sme…,while thers…,as fr, s…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, S, Thus, Therefre, As a result
5表换一种方式表达：In ther wrds, that is t say,
6.表进行举例说明：Fr example; Fr instance; such as + n/ding
7.表陈述事实：In fact, frankly speaking
8.表选择：either…r…，r
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
47．Pssible versin:
The lcal vet was still at his ffice, s I laded the pr creature int a taxi and headed there. After a quick check n the pr dg, the vet shk his head with regret. He prmised me he wuld try his utmst but Shep was unlikely t get thrugh it unless there is a miracle. While the vet treated the sres carefully, I tried t drp water in his muth and fed him with fd bit by bit. I never gave up hpe f getting him saved. Many times I wuld caress his neck, whispering int his ears t encurage him t hld n. He was s weak that he had t stay in the vet’s.
Three days later, when I pened the dr f the vet’s, Shep welcmed me with wild enthusiasm. He wagged his tail frm left t right as if t say “Thank yu”. He was gaining strength and imprving fr the better. Tears filling my eyes, I knew all ur effrts were wrthwhile. Sn, the dg recvered frm severe sres and I adpted him and tk him hme. Once in a while, I wuld g t that bar with Shep, a drink fr myself and a serve f ptat chips fr him. What wuld have happened if I hadn’t stepped ut n that strmy night? Care and kindness really made a difference, t bth f us.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者独自坐在小镇的老酒吧凝视着一百英尺外的水坑，水坑里有一团中等大小的东西，而外面在下着冰冷的大雨。经过长时间的思考，最终作者前去查看，发现水坑里确实是那只叫Shep的流浪狗，他已经奄奄一息。作者带Shep去看兽医，和兽医一起努力救助他。三天后作者再去诊所时Shep已经恢复体力，作者收养了他。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①.由第一段首句内容“当地的兽医还在他的办公室里，所以我把这可怜的动物装上一辆出租车直奔那里。”可知，第一段可描写作者带Shep去看兽医，和兽医一起努力救助他。
②.由第二段首句内容“三天后，当我打开兽医诊所的门时，Shep热情地欢迎我。”可知，第二段可描写三天后作者再去诊所时Shep已经恢复体力，此后作者收养了他。
2.续写线索：带Shep看兽医——情况不乐观——一起救助Shep ——Shep得救了——收养了Shep——作者的感慨
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.尽力：try ne’ utmst/ try ne’s best
②.低声说： whisper/ mutter/ speak in a lw vice
情绪类
①.小心地：carefully/ with care
②.严重的：severe/ serius/ extremely bad
【点睛】[高分句型1]. He prmised me he wuld try his utmst but Shep was unlikely t get thrugh it unless there is a miracle.（运用了由unless引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]. While the vet treated the sres carefully, I tried t drp water in his muth and fed him with fd bit by bit.（运用了由while引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]. He was s weak that he had t stay in the vet’s.（运用了由s…that引导的结果状语从句）