高中人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Space Exploration教学演示课件ppt

这是一份高中人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Space Exploration教学演示课件ppt，共36页。PPT课件主要包含了单元语法精析 ，知识概览，①②④⑧　③⑤⑥⑦　，to do　，To work　，To learn　，to visit　，to find　，to taste　，to eat　等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Sectin Ⅱ　Discvering Useful Structures
Grammar——动词不定式作定语和状语
探究发现①… peple have always wanted t learn mre abut space，and scientists wrk hard t find answers.②They make vehicles t carry brave peple int space t find ut the secrets f the universe.③Hwever，sme scientists were determined t help humans realise their dream t explre space.④Fr example，America’s NASA space agency launched Vyager 1 n 5 September 1977 t study deep space…
⑤These disasters made everyne sad and disappinted，but the desire t explre the universe never died.⑥China became the third cuntry in the wrld t independently send humans int space in 2003…⑦This signalled ne step further in China’s plan t establish a space statin in the future.⑧Mre recently，China has sent Chang’e 4 t explre the surface f the far side f the mn t make measurements and bservatins.
[我的发现](1)句___________为动词不定式作状语。(2)句___________为动词不定式作定语。
一、动词不定式作定语1．动词不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，表示尚未发生的动作。Let us give the pr by smething t eat.让我们给这个可怜的孩子一些吃的东西。We have much hmewrk t d tnight.今晚我们有很多作业要做。
2．名词前有first，last，next，nly等词以及最高级修饰时，其后要用动词不定式。She was the first wman t win the gld medal in the Olympic Games.她是第一个在奥运会中赢得金牌的女性。3．抽象名词attempt，ability，chance，desire，determinatin，decisin，plan，way或不定代词smething，nthing等后面常用不定式作后置定语。But Janis Adkins has the ability and desire t d useful wrk.但是詹尼斯·阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。
4．当名词与定语之间存在动宾关系时。I usually have a lt f meetings t attend.我通常有很多会议要参加。She is a nice persn t wrk with in the cmpany.在公司，她是一个很好的合作伙伴。
5．当名词与定语之间存在主谓关系时。We must find a persn t d the jb.我们必须找到一个人来做这项工作。We need smene t g and get a dctr.我们需要有人去请医生。6．当名词与定语有同位关系时。We gt the rder t leave the city yesterday evening.我们昨晚接到了离开这座城市的命令。
1单句语法填空①The airprt ________________ (cmplete) next year will help prmte turism in this area.②D yu have anything _______ (d) tnight?③The best way ____________ (imprve) yur English is t jin an English club.
t be cmpleted　
二、动词不定式作状语动词不定式在句中作状语，主要用来修饰动词和形容词，也可用来修饰副词。在句中，不定式可作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语、条件状语等，可表示目的、原因及结果等。1．目的状语，置于句首或句末，置于句首时常表示强调。为加强语气，常与in rder或s as组成短语。A grup f yung peple gt tgether t discuss this questin.一群年轻人聚在一起讨论这个问题。In rder t help him，we wuld d everything we can.为了帮助他，我们将尽我们所能。
动词不定式作目的状语(1)动词不定式作目的状语时，其动作通常迟于谓语动词的动作。She went t the hspital t see her grandfather yesterday.昨天她去医院看望了她爷爷。
(2)置于句首时只用t d/in rder t d。如用于表示否定，in rder或s as不能省略，用in rder nt t d或s as nt t d形式。She asked me t drive her t the airprt in rder/s as t catch the 5：00 plane.为了赶上5点的飞机，她让我开车把她送到机场。
(3)动词不定式作目的状语可转换为s that/in rder that或s… that… 引导的目的状语从句。He wrked very hard t pass the exam. →He wrked s hard that he culd pass the exam. →He wrked hard s that/in rder that he culd pass the exam.他非常努力以便能通过考试。
2．原因状语，多见于“sb. ＋be＋adj. ＋t d… ”结构中。I’m disappinted t hear yu lack the patience.听说你缺乏耐心我很失望。3．结果状语，多见于“t… t… ”；“enugh t… ”；nly t d(表示意料之外的结果的发生)；s/such… as t… (意为“如此……以至于……”)结构中。
The Califrnian ship arrived t late t save mre peple.加利福尼亚号来得太晚，没能挽救更多的人。The by is ld enugh t take care f himself.这个孩子够大了，能照顾他自己了。He hurried t the agency nly t find the manager had left.他匆忙赶到代理处，却发现经理已经离开了。She is(s) prud as t lk dwn upn thers.她太骄傲了，看不起别人。
4．独立动词不定式多用作插入语，表示说话人的心理状态或对事情的看法。I’d like t stay healthy，but t be hnest，I nly eat fd that tastes gd.我想保持健康，但说实话，我只吃味道好的食物。
现在分词与不定式作结果状语的区别(1)动词不定式作结果状语强调的是一种意想不到的结果。Anxiusly，she tk the dress ut f the package and tried it n，nly t find it didn’t fit.她焦急地从包裹中取出裙子，然后试穿了一下，结果发现它不合身。(2)现在分词作结果状语强调的是一种顺承的，必然造成的结果。His parents passed away，leaving him an rphan.他的父母去世了，他成了一个孤儿。
2单句语法填空① _________ (wrk) ut the difficult maths prblem，I have cnsulted Prfessr Russell several times.② __________ (learn) mre abut Chinese culture，Jack has decided t take Chinese flk music as an elective curse.
③We travel n Day 2 t nrthern France __________ (visit) the Wrld War I battlefields.④When the grillas and I frightened each ther，I was just glad _________ (find) them alive.⑤Jin us __________ (taste) a variety f fresh lcal fd and drinks.
动词不定式作主语、表语和宾语1．不定式作主语，表示具体的某次动作。若不定式结构比较复杂，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语放在句子的后面。T d mrning exercises is useful fr ur health.做早操对我们的健康有益。It’s imprtant fr us t learn English well.学好英语对我们来说很重要。
2．不定式作表语，表示将来的情况，说明主语的内容。其主语常常是wish，idea，task，purpse，duty，jb等表示意向、打算、计划的词。His dream is t be a dctr when he grws up.他的梦想是长大后成为一名医生。The cleaner’s wrk is t clean the rm every day.保洁员的工作是每天打扫房间。
3．不定式作宾语，常跟在某些动词后。(1)不定式作宾语的动词的记忆口诀：决心学会选计划，拒绝答应想假装；主动设法愿希望，同意请求帮一帮；准备威胁易声称，渴望申请败踌躇。其对应的动词分别为：decide/determine，learn，chse，plan，refuse，prmise，want/attempt，pretend，ffer，manage，expect/wish/hpe，agree，ask/beg，help，prepare，threaten，tend，claim，desire/lng，apply，fail，hesitate。
(2)若不定式结构比较复杂，通常用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语放在句子的后面，该用法常见的动词有think，find，make，believe，cnsider，suppse，feel等。He fund it very difficult t get t sleep.他发现很难入睡。I think it useful t learn a freign language.我认为学习一门外语是有用的。I feel it my duty t clean the flr every day.我觉得每天擦地板是我的责任。
3单句语法填空①She had agreed _______ (g) and see a mvie with him.②My ambitin is _________ (wrk) fr a firm that develps cmputer sftware when I grw up.③He prefers ________ (eat) white bread and rice，which is different frm thers.
t g　 t wrk　
Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．I’m nt sure abut his ability _____________ (cmplete) the task alne.2．________ (slve) the prblems，measures must be taken right away.3．When the grillas and I frightened each ther，I was just glad _________ (find) them alive.4．In my family，my mther is always the first ne ________ (get) up.5．I am writing t invite yu t be a judge at ur English dubbing cntest ___________ (hld) in ur schl.
6．The German girl has the ability __________ (learn) Chinese well.7．I was watching the clck all thrugh the meeting，as I had a train __________ (catch)．8．Jin us __________ (taste) a variety f fresh lcal fd and drinks.9．__________ (learn) mre abut Chinese culture，Jack has decided t take Chinese flk music as an elective curse.10．Tu Yuyu became the first Chinese scientist ________ (win) the Nbel Prize in Medicine.
Ⅱ．完成句子1．He is the teacher ___________________________.他是下学期教我们英语的老师。2．I have nthing ______________________.我对这问题没什么可说的。3．The whle family went t beach ______________________.全家人去海滩度周末。
t teach us English next term　
t say n this questin　
t spend their weekend　
4．We shall be very happy _________________________________.我们将很高兴在这个项目上与你合作。5．The next plane ___________ is frm New Yrk.下一班到达的飞机来自纽约。6．He is always ___________________ and last t leave the ffice.他总是第一个到办公室，最后一个离开。7．There are enugh chairs fr the guests __________.有足够的椅子给客人坐。
t cperate with yu in the prject　
the first t cme t　
8．We are delighted _________ that yu’re ging t visit us next mnth.很高兴得知你下个月要来看我们。9．The tea is ________________.这茶太热了，不能喝。10．He lifted a rck nly _______________________.他搬起石头结果砸到了自己的脚。
t ht t drink　
t drp it n his wn feet　
Ⅲ．语法主题应用李华正在和同学张青谈论他的宇航员梦想，请根据语境和提示完成对话。Zhang：I 1. ____________________ (很高兴得知) yu are interested in the space explratin.Li：Indeed，I’d like t be an astrnaut in the future.Zhang：Sunds gd. 2. ______________________ (要想成为一名宇航员)，yu need t satisfy the requirements f a qualified astrnaut.
am delighted t knw　
T becme an astrnaut