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2024届高考英语一轮复习-第三讲 并列句和状语从句课件
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这是一份2024届高考英语一轮复习-第三讲 并列句和状语从句课件，共49页。PPT课件主要包含了并列句，and ，and，when，状语从句，其他状语从句，Ⅲ其他状语从句，AsWhen，unless，or 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注释：①and，nt nly (als) ...，bth ...，neither ...等表并列、顺承或递进关系。②fr，s表因果关系。fr连接的分句一般不能放在句首。③while作为并列连词，强调两种情况的对比。④r，either ... r ...，nt ... but ...等表选择关系。⑤but，yet，whereas等表转折关系。⑥and，r 表条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句”中。
1．表并列、递进或顺承关系的并列连词：and，bth ...，neither ...，nt nly als ...，as well asNt nly the teacher but als the students were invited.不但那位教师被邀请，而且学生们也被邀请了。2．表转折的并列连词：but，yet；表对比关系的并列连词：whileThe failure was a big blw t him，but he wasn't discuraged and sn gt as enthusiastic as ever.这次失败对他是个很大的打击，但他并没有沮丧，很快便像以前一样充满热情。I was never very neat，while my rmmate Kate was extremely rganized.我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，而我的室友凯特却极有条理。
[易错提醒]but不与althugh/thugh连用，但yet，still可与althugh/thugh连用。
3．表选择关系的并列连词：r，either ...，nt gave mney t the ld peple either persnally r thrugh their cmpanies.他们给那位老人送钱，有的是以个人的名义，有的则是通过他们的公司。4．表因果关系的并列连词：s，fr (表“由于”，一般不放在句首)He fund it increasingly difficult t read，fr his eyesight was beginning t fail.由于他的视力下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。
5．when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：①be abut t d sth.when ...“正要做某事，这时突然……”②be n the pint f ding sth.when ...“正要做某事，这时突然……”③be ding sth.when ...“正在做某事，这时突然……”④had dne sth.when ...“刚做完某事，这时突然……”I was driving dwn t Lndn when I suddenly fund that I was n the wrng rad.我正开车去伦敦，这时突然发现自己走错了路。She had just finished her hmewrk when her mther asked her t practice playing the pian yesterday.昨天她刚完成家庭作业，她妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。
[点对点练习] 单句语法填空1．(2022·全国乙卷)The “First Internatinal Tea Day Tea Rad Cperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremny calls fr peple wrking in the tea industry t cme tgether t prmte internatinal cperatin ____cultural exchanges.2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is designed t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) f natural ecsystems，preserving bilgical diversity，prtecting eclgical buffer znes，___ leaving behind precius natural assets (资产) fr future generatins”．
3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain，still it highlights the whle adventure ___ ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur aching legs.4．The ther day I was ding sme grcery shpping ____ a man walked tward a grup f us at the checkut stand.
注释：①when当……时候②as sn as 一……就……③nt until直到……才…… ⑤every time后面直接跟句子，相同用法的还有the first time，next time等⑥since 自从……起，主句用现在完成时⑦by the time 到……时候为止，主句常常与完成时连用
⑧the mment 后面直接跟句子，表“一……就……”，相同用法的还有the minute，the instant，directly，immediately，instantly⑨befre到……为止，在……之前⑩as随着
注释：①为原因状语从句；②为结果状语从句；③为让步状语从句；④为比较状语从句；⑤为地点状语从句；⑥为条件状语从句；⑦为方式状语从句；⑧为目的状语从句。
Ⅰ.时间状语从句1．when，while和as引导的时间状语从句
While sme peple are mtivated by a need fr success，thers are mtivated by a fear f failure.尽管有些人被成功的渴望所激励，但也有一些人却被失败的恐惧所激发。As the average age f the ppulatin increases，there are mre and mre ld peple t care fr.随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。
2．表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句(1)as sn as，the mment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly等引导的时间状语从句。The mment my aunt gained her diplma after fur years f hard wrk，she was filled with jy.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。(2)在hardly ...或n sner ...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。I had hardly gt t the ffice when my wife phned me t g back hme at nce.我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上回家。
3．befre，since引导的时间状语从句(1)befre表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。常用句式：①It will be/was＋一段时间＋befre ...过了……时间才……；②It wn't be/wasn't＋一段时间＋befre ...没过多久就……。We need t get t the rt f the prblem befre we can slve it.在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。If yu miss this chance，it may be years befre yu get anther ne.如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。
(2)since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。As is reprted，it is ver 100 years since Tsinghua University was funded.正如所报道的，清华大学自建立以来已有一百多年了。
4．till/until引导的时间状语从句until/till用于肯定句表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；nt ...表示“直到……才……”，nt所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能。If yu dn't understand smething，yu may research，study，and talk t ther peple until yu figure it ut.如果你遇到不懂的东西，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。She didn't start the lessn until the pupils settled dwn.等学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。
5．every time，each time，next time，the first time，by the time等引导的时间状语从句By the time yu have finished this bk，yur meal will get cld.等你看完这本书，你的饭就凉了。
Ⅱ.让步状语从句1．althugh，thugh，as和while引导的让步状语从句(1)thugh引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；althugh引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句必须用倒装语序。Althugh these measures are nt effective frever，they are vital fr nw.虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。Ht as/thugh the night air was，we slept deeply because we were s tired after the lng jurney.夜晚的空气虽然很热，但因为长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉。
(2)thugh可用作副词，意为“然而”，表转折，置于句末。It was a quiet party.I had a gd time，thugh.这是一次安静的聚会，然而我还是玩得很愉快。(3)while引导让步状语从句，只能置于句首。While the wrk was difficult，it was interesting.虽然这项工作很困难，却很有意思。
(4)as，thugh引导让步状语从句时采用倒装的两种特殊情况：①如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词。Yungest as/thugh he is in ur class，he speaks English best.他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但他英语说得最好。②行为动词前置时，从句主语后面要用may，might，can，culd，will，wuld等情态动词，若没有情态动词，则需加上一个d(des或did)。若前置的行为动词是及物动词，则其宾语也随其后一并提前。Search as they wuld here and there，they culd find nthing in the rm.尽管到处寻找，但他们在房间里找不到任何东西。Change yur mind as/thugh yu d，yu will get n help frm us.即使你改变主意，你也得不到我们的帮助。
2．even if与even thugh引导的让步状语从句even if/even thugh引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。Tim is in gd shape physically even thugh/even if he desn't get much exercise.尽管蒂姆不怎么锻炼，但体形很好。
3．“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句where(what，wh，whm，when，which，hw)＋-ever表示“无论……”，引导让步状语从句时，相当于n matter where(what，wh，whm，when，which，hw)。It is generally cnsidered unwise t give a child whatever he r she wants.总的来说，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。Hwever/N matter hw hungry I am，I never seem t be able t finish ff this laf f bread.无论我有多饿，我似乎从来不能吃完整条面包。
4．whether ...引导的让步状语从句whether ...意为“无论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。All peple，whether they are ld r yung，rich r pr，have been trying their best t help thse in need since the disaster.所有人，无论年老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。
Yu wn't find paper-cutting difficult as lng as yu keep practicing it.只要你不断练习，你就不会觉得剪纸很难。Just as a single wrd can change the meaning f a sentence，a single sentence can change the meaning f a paragraph.正如单个单词可以改变一句话的意思那样，单个句子也能改变一段文字的意思。He had his camera ready in case he saw smething that wuld make a gd picture.他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些他能够拍成好照片的东西。
[易错提醒]as if/as thugh引导的方式状语从句与事实相反时，从句通常用虚拟语气：与现在的情况相反时，用过去时；与过去情况相反时，用过去完成时；与将来情况相反时，用wuld/culd/might＋动词原形。
[点对点练习] 单句语法填空1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)_________ he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary (传奇的) artist，they smiled and pinted dwn the river.2．Well，I'm wrking n a huge assignment and __ I dn't d well，it will ruin my reputatin as an excellent accuntant!3．He will never make prgress in math ______ he really wants t learn it.4．_________________ (suppse) that they refuse us，wh else can we turn t fr help?
Suppsing/Suppse
层级一 基础达标练单句语法填空1．(2022·山西八校联考)Never lse heart ___ yu'll make a quick advance in yur prject.2．(2022·豫北名校质量评估)Fllw yur dctr's advice，__ yur cugh will get wrse.3．(2022·广东七校联考)Jhn plays basketball well，________ his favrite sprt is badmintn.4．(2022·合肥第一次质量检测)Henry is very smart，__ many f his classmates like him.5．(2022·永春一中等四校联考)They're nt simply made in China，___ designed in the cuntry.
6．(2022·河南南阳一中考试)He has plenty f mney ___ he can spend it freely.7．(2022·江西红色七校一联)Leave it with me ___ I will see what I can d with it.8．(2022·陕西咸阳二模)Dn't drive s fast __ yu'll have an accident.9．(2022·太原二模)Nt _____ we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief.10．(2022·武汉武昌区调研)Air pllutin is getting mre and mre serius，s we must take actin ______ it is t late.11．(2022·河北衡水中学一调)He will never make prgress in math ______ he really wants t learn it.
12．(2022·赣州十四县市联考)________ she ges，there are crwds f peple waiting t see her.13．(2022·洛阳第一次统考)He speaks s slwly and strangely ____ it takes patience t understand what he is saying.14．(2022·河南中原名校联考)In the state f Iwa，__ yu live mre than a mile away frm schl yu can get a schl permit.15．(2022·江西宜春中学第一次诊断)As we all knw，_____ there is a will，there is a way.
层级二 语篇提能练语法填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)(一)Few peple I knw seem t have much desire r time t ck.Making Chinese dishes is seen as especially trublesme.Many westerners 1._________ cme t China ck much less 2.________ in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap it can be t eat ut.I still remember 3.________(visit) a friend wh'd lived here fr five years and I was shcked 4.________ I learnt she hadn't cked nce in all that time.
5．________ regularly eating ut seems t have becme cmmn fr many yung peple in recent years，it's nt withut a cst.The bvius ne is mney；eating ut nce r twice a week may be affrdable 6.________ ding this mst days adds up.There culd be an even 7.________(high) cst n yur health.Researchers have fund that there is a direct link between the increase in fd eaten utside the hme and the rise in weight prblems.8．________ yu are nt ging t suffer this prblem，then I suggest that the next time yu g t yur mum's hme 9.________ dinner，get a few cking tips frm her.Cking fd can be fun.Yu might als begin t ntice the effects nt nly n yur health 10.________ in yur pcket.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。作者分析了外出就餐的代价，并建议我们要尝试自己做饭，这样做不仅对自身健康有好处还能节约开支。1．wh/that 考查定语从句。先行词是westerners(西方人)，用wh或that引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。2．than 考查比较级。句意：许多来中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面吃饭是多么便宜，他们做饭的次数就会比在自己国家少得多。根据句意可知，此处为比较级，故填than。3．visiting 考查动名词。remember ding sth.“记得做过某事”。4．when 考查连词。此处为时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，故用when。5．While/Thugh/Althugh 考查连词。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”；句首单词首字母需大写，故填While/Thugh/Althugh。
6．but 考查连词。前后语义为转折关系，故填but。7．higher 考查形容词的比较级。“副词even＋比较级”表示“更……”，强调程度。8．If 考查条件状语从句。句意：如果你不打算遭受这个问题的困扰，那么我建议你下次去你妈妈家吃晚饭的时候，向她学习一些烹饪技巧。句首单词首字母需大写，故填If。9．fr 考查介词。g t yur mum's hme fr dinner“去你妈妈家吃饭”。fr表示目的，意为“为了要，为了得到”。10．but 考查连词。nt nly als ...不但……而且……，为固定搭配，als可省略。故填but。
(二)Cuju was an ancient Chinese cmpetitive game invlving 1.________ (kick) a ball thrugh an pening int a net. As the ancestr f sccer，it first 2.________ (appear) in the famus ancient Chinese histrical wrk，Strategies f the Warring States, 3.________ described cuju as a frm f entertainment amng the general public.Later，cmmnly 4.________ (play) in the army fr military training purpses，cuju became ppular during the Han Dynasty (202 BC－220 AD). Emperr Hangazu Liu Bang，the first emperr f the Western Han Dynasty，was a cuju fan，wh nt nly liked watching cuju games，5.________ always tried his ftwrk n the playgrund. Liu Che，emperr Wu f the Han Dynasty，wh was crazy abut cuju，wuld set up a cuju field 6.________ his army went. He used cuju as a way f training 7.________ (sldier)．
The 8.________ (early) recrd f wmen cuju players can date back t the Han Dynasty. Up t the Tang Dynasty，wmen players prevailed (盛行) at the ryal curt，as emperrs enjyed watching sccer games. At that time，varius skills were 9.________ (wide) used in playing cuju，mainly serving as an entertainment purpse.As a way f natinal culture prtectin，cuju 10.________ (list) int the first batch f China's intangible cultural heritages in 2006.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。古代蹴鞠是现代足球的起源，从汉朝开始作为军事用途，逐渐成为大众的娱乐运动项目。
1．kicking 考查非谓语动词。 根据invlve ding sth.“包括做某事”的用法可知，该处用动名词作宾语，故填kicking。2．appeared 考查动词的时态。 根据句中状语in the famus ancient Chinese histrical wrk，Strategies f the Warring States可知，蹴鞠出现在《战国策》中，表过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填appeared。 3．which 考查定语从句。 分析句子结构可知，该句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Strategies f the Warring States，指物，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which引导定语从句。4．played 考查非谓语动词。 play与cuju是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，故填played。
5．but 考查连词。 根据句中已有的nt nly可知，该句是nt nly ... but (als) ... “不但……而且……”结构，als可以省略，故填but。6．wherever 考查状语从句。 根据句意“他的军队去哪里，他就在哪里建一个蹴鞠场”可知，此处指“无论哪里”，故填wherever引导状语从句。7．sldiers 考查名词的数。sldier是可数名词，其前无表“一”的限定词，故sldier应用复数形式。 8．earliest 考查最高级。 根据语境可知，是最早的记录，且空前是定冠词the，故填early的最高级earliest。
9．widely 考查词性转换。 空处作状语，修饰谓语were used，应用副词，故填widely。10．was listed 考查动词的时态和语态。 根据句中时间状语in 2006可知，该句用一般过去时，主语cuju与list是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was listed。
层级三 语法写作练1．nt nly als ...典例 (2022·全国甲卷)海洋不仅为我们提供了丰富的资源和食物，而且对全球气候发展也至关重要。Nt nly d the ceans prvide abundant resurces and fd fr us，but (als) they are als crucial fr the glbal climate develpment.运用 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Yuth的专栏Cultures Arund the Wrld不仅拓宽了我的视野，也让我有机会体验不同的文化。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nt nly des Cultures Arund the Wrld，a clumn f Yuth braden my hrizns，but als it gives me an pprtunity t experience different cultures.
2．祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句典例 (经典高考题)提前从网上预订票和房间，你会有更多的时间去观光。Bk tickets and rms nline in advance，and yu will have mre time t g sightseeing.运用 (2021·浙江卷6月)来参观展览吧，你将享受一场视觉盛宴。__________________________________________________________
Cme t the exhibitin，and yu will enjy a visual feast.
3．s ...典例 (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)他们的爆米花是如此的美味以至于很快就卖光了。Their ppcrn was s delicius that it was sld ut sn.运用 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)惊喜是如此甜蜜，她兴奋地摇了摇正假装打鼾的丈夫。__________________________________________________________________________
The surprise was s sweet that she excitedly shk her husband，wh was pretending t snre.
4．be ding ...典例 (经典高考题)马克正在想接下来该怎么办，正在那时，一只手把他拉进了车里。Mac was wndering what t d next when a hand pulled him int the car.运用 (经典高考题)我们正在找地方搭帐篷，这时妈妈告诉我们她忘了带帐篷。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
We were lking fr a place t put up the tent when mther tld us that she had frgtten t take it.
5．nt until ...典例 (2020·浙江卷7月)直到似乎过了半个世纪之后，我们才听到了直升机的声音。Nt until after what seemed half a century did we hear the rar f the helicpter.运用 (2021·北京卷)直到昨天我才得知我们班这个周末要开一个重要的会议——正好是我们见面的时间。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nt until yesterday was I infrmed that ur class was ging t hld an imprtant meeting this weekend—exactly the time we shall meet.
注释：①and，nt nly (als) ...，bth ...，neither ...等表并列、顺承或递进关系。②fr，s表因果关系。fr连接的分句一般不能放在句首。③while作为并列连词，强调两种情况的对比。④r，either ... r ...，nt ... but ...等表选择关系。⑤but，yet，whereas等表转折关系。⑥and，r 表条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句”中。
1．表并列、递进或顺承关系的并列连词：and，bth ...，neither ...，nt nly als ...，as well asNt nly the teacher but als the students were invited.不但那位教师被邀请，而且学生们也被邀请了。2．表转折的并列连词：but，yet；表对比关系的并列连词：whileThe failure was a big blw t him，but he wasn't discuraged and sn gt as enthusiastic as ever.这次失败对他是个很大的打击，但他并没有沮丧，很快便像以前一样充满热情。I was never very neat，while my rmmate Kate was extremely rganized.我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，而我的室友凯特却极有条理。
[易错提醒]but不与althugh/thugh连用，但yet，still可与althugh/thugh连用。
3．表选择关系的并列连词：r，either ...，nt gave mney t the ld peple either persnally r thrugh their cmpanies.他们给那位老人送钱，有的是以个人的名义，有的则是通过他们的公司。4．表因果关系的并列连词：s，fr (表“由于”，一般不放在句首)He fund it increasingly difficult t read，fr his eyesight was beginning t fail.由于他的视力下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。
5．when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：①be abut t d sth.when ...“正要做某事，这时突然……”②be n the pint f ding sth.when ...“正要做某事，这时突然……”③be ding sth.when ...“正在做某事，这时突然……”④had dne sth.when ...“刚做完某事，这时突然……”I was driving dwn t Lndn when I suddenly fund that I was n the wrng rad.我正开车去伦敦，这时突然发现自己走错了路。She had just finished her hmewrk when her mther asked her t practice playing the pian yesterday.昨天她刚完成家庭作业，她妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。
[点对点练习] 单句语法填空1．(2022·全国乙卷)The “First Internatinal Tea Day Tea Rad Cperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremny calls fr peple wrking in the tea industry t cme tgether t prmte internatinal cperatin ____cultural exchanges.2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is designed t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) f natural ecsystems，preserving bilgical diversity，prtecting eclgical buffer znes，___ leaving behind precius natural assets (资产) fr future generatins”．
3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain，still it highlights the whle adventure ___ ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur aching legs.4．The ther day I was ding sme grcery shpping ____ a man walked tward a grup f us at the checkut stand.
注释：①when当……时候②as sn as 一……就……③nt until直到……才…… ⑤every time后面直接跟句子，相同用法的还有the first time，next time等⑥since 自从……起，主句用现在完成时⑦by the time 到……时候为止，主句常常与完成时连用
⑧the mment 后面直接跟句子，表“一……就……”，相同用法的还有the minute，the instant，directly，immediately，instantly⑨befre到……为止，在……之前⑩as随着
注释：①为原因状语从句；②为结果状语从句；③为让步状语从句；④为比较状语从句；⑤为地点状语从句；⑥为条件状语从句；⑦为方式状语从句；⑧为目的状语从句。
Ⅰ.时间状语从句1．when，while和as引导的时间状语从句
While sme peple are mtivated by a need fr success，thers are mtivated by a fear f failure.尽管有些人被成功的渴望所激励，但也有一些人却被失败的恐惧所激发。As the average age f the ppulatin increases，there are mre and mre ld peple t care fr.随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。
2．表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句(1)as sn as，the mment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly等引导的时间状语从句。The mment my aunt gained her diplma after fur years f hard wrk，she was filled with jy.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。(2)在hardly ...或n sner ...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。I had hardly gt t the ffice when my wife phned me t g back hme at nce.我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上回家。
3．befre，since引导的时间状语从句(1)befre表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。常用句式：①It will be/was＋一段时间＋befre ...过了……时间才……；②It wn't be/wasn't＋一段时间＋befre ...没过多久就……。We need t get t the rt f the prblem befre we can slve it.在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。If yu miss this chance，it may be years befre yu get anther ne.如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。
(2)since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。As is reprted，it is ver 100 years since Tsinghua University was funded.正如所报道的，清华大学自建立以来已有一百多年了。
4．till/until引导的时间状语从句until/till用于肯定句表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；nt ...表示“直到……才……”，nt所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能。If yu dn't understand smething，yu may research，study，and talk t ther peple until yu figure it ut.如果你遇到不懂的东西，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。She didn't start the lessn until the pupils settled dwn.等学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。
5．every time，each time，next time，the first time，by the time等引导的时间状语从句By the time yu have finished this bk，yur meal will get cld.等你看完这本书，你的饭就凉了。
Ⅱ.让步状语从句1．althugh，thugh，as和while引导的让步状语从句(1)thugh引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；althugh引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句必须用倒装语序。Althugh these measures are nt effective frever，they are vital fr nw.虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。Ht as/thugh the night air was，we slept deeply because we were s tired after the lng jurney.夜晚的空气虽然很热，但因为长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉。
(2)thugh可用作副词，意为“然而”，表转折，置于句末。It was a quiet party.I had a gd time，thugh.这是一次安静的聚会，然而我还是玩得很愉快。(3)while引导让步状语从句，只能置于句首。While the wrk was difficult，it was interesting.虽然这项工作很困难，却很有意思。
(4)as，thugh引导让步状语从句时采用倒装的两种特殊情况：①如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词。Yungest as/thugh he is in ur class，he speaks English best.他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但他英语说得最好。②行为动词前置时，从句主语后面要用may，might，can，culd，will，wuld等情态动词，若没有情态动词，则需加上一个d(des或did)。若前置的行为动词是及物动词，则其宾语也随其后一并提前。Search as they wuld here and there，they culd find nthing in the rm.尽管到处寻找，但他们在房间里找不到任何东西。Change yur mind as/thugh yu d，yu will get n help frm us.即使你改变主意，你也得不到我们的帮助。
2．even if与even thugh引导的让步状语从句even if/even thugh引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。Tim is in gd shape physically even thugh/even if he desn't get much exercise.尽管蒂姆不怎么锻炼，但体形很好。
3．“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句where(what，wh，whm，when，which，hw)＋-ever表示“无论……”，引导让步状语从句时，相当于n matter where(what，wh，whm，when，which，hw)。It is generally cnsidered unwise t give a child whatever he r she wants.总的来说，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。Hwever/N matter hw hungry I am，I never seem t be able t finish ff this laf f bread.无论我有多饿，我似乎从来不能吃完整条面包。
4．whether ...引导的让步状语从句whether ...意为“无论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。All peple，whether they are ld r yung，rich r pr，have been trying their best t help thse in need since the disaster.所有人，无论年老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。
Yu wn't find paper-cutting difficult as lng as yu keep practicing it.只要你不断练习，你就不会觉得剪纸很难。Just as a single wrd can change the meaning f a sentence，a single sentence can change the meaning f a paragraph.正如单个单词可以改变一句话的意思那样，单个句子也能改变一段文字的意思。He had his camera ready in case he saw smething that wuld make a gd picture.他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些他能够拍成好照片的东西。
[易错提醒]as if/as thugh引导的方式状语从句与事实相反时，从句通常用虚拟语气：与现在的情况相反时，用过去时；与过去情况相反时，用过去完成时；与将来情况相反时，用wuld/culd/might＋动词原形。
[点对点练习] 单句语法填空1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)_________ he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary (传奇的) artist，they smiled and pinted dwn the river.2．Well，I'm wrking n a huge assignment and __ I dn't d well，it will ruin my reputatin as an excellent accuntant!3．He will never make prgress in math ______ he really wants t learn it.4．_________________ (suppse) that they refuse us，wh else can we turn t fr help?
Suppsing/Suppse
层级一 基础达标练单句语法填空1．(2022·山西八校联考)Never lse heart ___ yu'll make a quick advance in yur prject.2．(2022·豫北名校质量评估)Fllw yur dctr's advice，__ yur cugh will get wrse.3．(2022·广东七校联考)Jhn plays basketball well，________ his favrite sprt is badmintn.4．(2022·合肥第一次质量检测)Henry is very smart，__ many f his classmates like him.5．(2022·永春一中等四校联考)They're nt simply made in China，___ designed in the cuntry.
6．(2022·河南南阳一中考试)He has plenty f mney ___ he can spend it freely.7．(2022·江西红色七校一联)Leave it with me ___ I will see what I can d with it.8．(2022·陕西咸阳二模)Dn't drive s fast __ yu'll have an accident.9．(2022·太原二模)Nt _____ we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief.10．(2022·武汉武昌区调研)Air pllutin is getting mre and mre serius，s we must take actin ______ it is t late.11．(2022·河北衡水中学一调)He will never make prgress in math ______ he really wants t learn it.
12．(2022·赣州十四县市联考)________ she ges，there are crwds f peple waiting t see her.13．(2022·洛阳第一次统考)He speaks s slwly and strangely ____ it takes patience t understand what he is saying.14．(2022·河南中原名校联考)In the state f Iwa，__ yu live mre than a mile away frm schl yu can get a schl permit.15．(2022·江西宜春中学第一次诊断)As we all knw，_____ there is a will，there is a way.
层级二 语篇提能练语法填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)(一)Few peple I knw seem t have much desire r time t ck.Making Chinese dishes is seen as especially trublesme.Many westerners 1._________ cme t China ck much less 2.________ in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap it can be t eat ut.I still remember 3.________(visit) a friend wh'd lived here fr five years and I was shcked 4.________ I learnt she hadn't cked nce in all that time.
5．________ regularly eating ut seems t have becme cmmn fr many yung peple in recent years，it's nt withut a cst.The bvius ne is mney；eating ut nce r twice a week may be affrdable 6.________ ding this mst days adds up.There culd be an even 7.________(high) cst n yur health.Researchers have fund that there is a direct link between the increase in fd eaten utside the hme and the rise in weight prblems.8．________ yu are nt ging t suffer this prblem，then I suggest that the next time yu g t yur mum's hme 9.________ dinner，get a few cking tips frm her.Cking fd can be fun.Yu might als begin t ntice the effects nt nly n yur health 10.________ in yur pcket.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。作者分析了外出就餐的代价，并建议我们要尝试自己做饭，这样做不仅对自身健康有好处还能节约开支。1．wh/that 考查定语从句。先行词是westerners(西方人)，用wh或that引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。2．than 考查比较级。句意：许多来中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面吃饭是多么便宜，他们做饭的次数就会比在自己国家少得多。根据句意可知，此处为比较级，故填than。3．visiting 考查动名词。remember ding sth.“记得做过某事”。4．when 考查连词。此处为时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，故用when。5．While/Thugh/Althugh 考查连词。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”；句首单词首字母需大写，故填While/Thugh/Althugh。
6．but 考查连词。前后语义为转折关系，故填but。7．higher 考查形容词的比较级。“副词even＋比较级”表示“更……”，强调程度。8．If 考查条件状语从句。句意：如果你不打算遭受这个问题的困扰，那么我建议你下次去你妈妈家吃晚饭的时候，向她学习一些烹饪技巧。句首单词首字母需大写，故填If。9．fr 考查介词。g t yur mum's hme fr dinner“去你妈妈家吃饭”。fr表示目的，意为“为了要，为了得到”。10．but 考查连词。nt nly als ...不但……而且……，为固定搭配，als可省略。故填but。
(二)Cuju was an ancient Chinese cmpetitive game invlving 1.________ (kick) a ball thrugh an pening int a net. As the ancestr f sccer，it first 2.________ (appear) in the famus ancient Chinese histrical wrk，Strategies f the Warring States, 3.________ described cuju as a frm f entertainment amng the general public.Later，cmmnly 4.________ (play) in the army fr military training purpses，cuju became ppular during the Han Dynasty (202 BC－220 AD). Emperr Hangazu Liu Bang，the first emperr f the Western Han Dynasty，was a cuju fan，wh nt nly liked watching cuju games，5.________ always tried his ftwrk n the playgrund. Liu Che，emperr Wu f the Han Dynasty，wh was crazy abut cuju，wuld set up a cuju field 6.________ his army went. He used cuju as a way f training 7.________ (sldier)．
The 8.________ (early) recrd f wmen cuju players can date back t the Han Dynasty. Up t the Tang Dynasty，wmen players prevailed (盛行) at the ryal curt，as emperrs enjyed watching sccer games. At that time，varius skills were 9.________ (wide) used in playing cuju，mainly serving as an entertainment purpse.As a way f natinal culture prtectin，cuju 10.________ (list) int the first batch f China's intangible cultural heritages in 2006.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。古代蹴鞠是现代足球的起源，从汉朝开始作为军事用途，逐渐成为大众的娱乐运动项目。
1．kicking 考查非谓语动词。 根据invlve ding sth.“包括做某事”的用法可知，该处用动名词作宾语，故填kicking。2．appeared 考查动词的时态。 根据句中状语in the famus ancient Chinese histrical wrk，Strategies f the Warring States可知，蹴鞠出现在《战国策》中，表过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填appeared。 3．which 考查定语从句。 分析句子结构可知，该句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Strategies f the Warring States，指物，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which引导定语从句。4．played 考查非谓语动词。 play与cuju是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，故填played。
5．but 考查连词。 根据句中已有的nt nly可知，该句是nt nly ... but (als) ... “不但……而且……”结构，als可以省略，故填but。6．wherever 考查状语从句。 根据句意“他的军队去哪里，他就在哪里建一个蹴鞠场”可知，此处指“无论哪里”，故填wherever引导状语从句。7．sldiers 考查名词的数。sldier是可数名词，其前无表“一”的限定词，故sldier应用复数形式。 8．earliest 考查最高级。 根据语境可知，是最早的记录，且空前是定冠词the，故填early的最高级earliest。
9．widely 考查词性转换。 空处作状语，修饰谓语were used，应用副词，故填widely。10．was listed 考查动词的时态和语态。 根据句中时间状语in 2006可知，该句用一般过去时，主语cuju与list是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was listed。
层级三 语法写作练1．nt nly als ...典例 (2022·全国甲卷)海洋不仅为我们提供了丰富的资源和食物，而且对全球气候发展也至关重要。Nt nly d the ceans prvide abundant resurces and fd fr us，but (als) they are als crucial fr the glbal climate develpment.运用 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Yuth的专栏Cultures Arund the Wrld不仅拓宽了我的视野，也让我有机会体验不同的文化。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nt nly des Cultures Arund the Wrld，a clumn f Yuth braden my hrizns，but als it gives me an pprtunity t experience different cultures.
2．祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句典例 (经典高考题)提前从网上预订票和房间，你会有更多的时间去观光。Bk tickets and rms nline in advance，and yu will have mre time t g sightseeing.运用 (2021·浙江卷6月)来参观展览吧，你将享受一场视觉盛宴。__________________________________________________________
Cme t the exhibitin，and yu will enjy a visual feast.
3．s ...典例 (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)他们的爆米花是如此的美味以至于很快就卖光了。Their ppcrn was s delicius that it was sld ut sn.运用 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)惊喜是如此甜蜜，她兴奋地摇了摇正假装打鼾的丈夫。__________________________________________________________________________
The surprise was s sweet that she excitedly shk her husband，wh was pretending t snre.
4．be ding ...典例 (经典高考题)马克正在想接下来该怎么办，正在那时，一只手把他拉进了车里。Mac was wndering what t d next when a hand pulled him int the car.运用 (经典高考题)我们正在找地方搭帐篷，这时妈妈告诉我们她忘了带帐篷。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
We were lking fr a place t put up the tent when mther tld us that she had frgtten t take it.
5．nt until ...典例 (2020·浙江卷7月)直到似乎过了半个世纪之后，我们才听到了直升机的声音。Nt until after what seemed half a century did we hear the rar f the helicpter.运用 (2021·北京卷)直到昨天我才得知我们班这个周末要开一个重要的会议——正好是我们见面的时间。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nt until yesterday was I infrmed that ur class was ging t hld an imprtant meeting this weekend—exactly the time we shall meet.
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