英语Unit 4 Adversity and Course课后练习题

这是一份英语Unit 4 Adversity and Course课后练习题，共7页。试卷主要包含了语言基础训练，培优提升训练等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The teachers are enthusiastic (热情的)and have a sense f purpse.
2．Black cffee leaves a bitter (味苦的)taste in the muth.
3．The kitchen cupbard (壁橱) was stcked with tins f sup.
4．They lked with envy (羡慕)at her latest purchase.
5．I held my breath and sank (下沉)under the water.
6．The math teacher assigned (布置) us a lt f hmewrk.
7．Snw frced many drivers t abandn (舍弃) their vehicles.
8．He treated yu very nicely and acted like a decent (正派的) guy.
9．She reslved (决定)t reprt the matter t the hspital's nursing manager.
10．This medal is made f genuine (真正的) gld.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Yu dn't sund very enthusiastic abut the idea.
2．The captain assigned tw sldiers t guard (guard)the gate.
3．—I envy yu fr yur jb.
—But t be hnest, it's nt the jb I've always dreamt abut.
4．The enemy ship was sunk (sink) by a shell.
5．Finally, we ended up in an abandned (abandn)village.
6．We had reslved n making (make) an early start.
7．Please turn t the plice fr help when yu are in danger.
8．He held n t the rck t stp himself slipping.
9．He returned hme，nly t find his huse brken (break) int.
10．He spke rather t quickly fr me t understand.
Ⅲ.选词填空
full f vigur, be stuck in, dream f, set ff, turn back，
keep up, turn dwn, after all
1．She has turned dwn several invitatins t star at shws in rder t cncentrate n her studies.
2．Nwadays many yung peple dream f making a frtune in big cities.
3．In many places, peple like t set ff firecrackers and put up spring cuplets n the dr.
4．My friend and I walked as far as the lake and then we made up ur minds t turn back .
5．I was thirty minutes late fr the meeting because I was stuck in traffic.
6．Faced with challenges, yu'd better keep up a gd state f mind.
7．I dn't knw why yu are s cncerned—it isn't yur prblem after all .
8．Yung peple, full f vigur and vitality, are like the sun at eight r nine in the mrning.
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·东北育才学校高二月考)
Jim Thrpe is ne f the greatest athletes f all time. He had amazing athletic abilities and was well-knwn during his lifetime, yet that did nt make Thrpe a stranger t adversity.
Thrpe was an American Indian frm Oklahma wh develped his extrardinary athletic skills in his yuth thrugh hard labr. It was als in his yuth that he learned t endure hardship brught upn by racial prejudice. Many wuld say his childhd was nt easy. He grew up pr and at age 9 his twin brther passed away and a few years later he lst bth f his parents.
But that did nt stp him frm ding what he lved and pursuing his dreams. Nthing seemed t stp him, nt even stlen shes. Just hurs befre Thrpe was ging t cmpete in the 1912 Olympics, smebdy stle his shes. Thrpe imprvised(临时拼凑) by getting shes ut f the garbage. The shes were tw different sizes. He wre an extra pair f scks n ne ft t even them ut.
He still went n t win tw gld medals—winning each event he cmpeted in except fr ne, the javelin(标枪). The javelin was the nly event he didn't win, prbably because he had never cmpeted in that event befre. It is interesting t nte that Thrpe had tried t thrw the javelin nce befre in the Olympic trials. At the time, he didn't knw that he culd thrw it with a running start. He threw it standing still and was placed secnd.
At the Olympics, he als tk part in the decathln(十项全能运动). He finished first in tw events, third in fur events, and furth in tw mre. Thrpe ended up finishing third in the wrld. He was undubtedly a dminating frce that culdn't be stpped and just kept n ging.
I think Paul Dughi said it best, “It's hard t imagine nw that pr athletes get paid millins f dllars just t wear a particular brand f shes. Fr Jim Thrpe, it didn't matter what kind he wre.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了美国印第安人吉姆·索普坎坷的人生经历和他作为运动员所取得的骄人成绩。
1．What des the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean？ D
A．The adversity Thrpe met with led t his success.
B．Thrpe's success was n guarantee f a better life.
C．Thrpe's career brught him bth gains and lsses.
D．Thrpe suffered many hardships despite his success.
解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段内容可知， 吉姆·索普经历了很多苦难，幼年时双胞胎兄弟过世，随后父母双亡，青年时又困扰于种族偏见带来的磨难；以及画线句前面的yet表转折意义，可知，画线部分的意思是虽然索普后来有所成就，但却经历了很多苦难。故选D。
2．Why did Thrpe wear mre scks n ne ft？ B
A．T prevent the ft frm injury.
B．T make the she fit the ft.
C．T stp the she frm being stlen.
D．T shw his prblem-slving skills.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“The shes were tw different sizes.He wre an extra pair f scks n ne ft t even them ut.(鞋子有两个不同的尺寸，他一只脚上多穿了一双袜子来平衡。)”可知，两只鞋大小不一，因此索普多穿袜子就是为了让鞋合脚。故选B。
3．What mst likely led t Thrpe's failure t win the javelin？ C
A．Lss f his wn sprts shes.
B．A casual attitude twards the event.
C．Lack f experience in the event.
D．A shrtage f talent fr the event.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“ he had never cmpeted in that event befre...(因为他以前从未参加过那个项目)”可知，他没有参加过标枪比赛，因此比赛经验不足最可能是他失利的原因。故选C。
4．Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Jim Thrpe？ C
A．Lyal and enthusiastic.
B．Genuine and creative.
C．Tugh and strng-minded.
D．Selfless and gd-tempered.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的叙述可知，吉姆·索普成长过程中经历过很多苦难，这很大程度上塑造了他坚韧不拔的性格。第三段的“But that did nt stp him frm ding what he lved and pursuing his dreams.Nthing seemed t stp him, nt even stlen shes.(但这并没有阻止他去做他喜欢的事情，去追求他的梦想。似乎没有什么能阻止他，甚至是被偷的鞋子。)”正是对他坚韧不拔性格的刻画，由此可知， tugh(坚韧的)和strng-minded(意志坚定的)是对他最准确的描述。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2023·辽宁省鞍山市高二月考)
If yu have t attend a party r ther scial events where a lt f peple will be present, d yu feel cnfident that yu will impress thers? 1.A In any case, yu shuld increase yur cnfidence at scial events.
Whenever yu are meeting new peple at any scial event, yu shuld wear prper clthes. 2.G If everyne else is wearing business clthes, yu shuld, t.Yu shuld wear infrmal clthes s that yu can fit in, if the event is infrmal.
If yu are ging t meet peple frm a certain business r prfessin, try lking thrugh a few prfessinal magazines r checking n the Internet ahead f time t get sme cnversatin ideas that are related t their fields f interest. 3.F
When yu are at the event, dn't wrry abut whether r nt ther peple yu are talking with like yu.Instead, try yur best t find reasns t like them.When yu are hlding a cnversatin with peple, be sure t keep gd eye cntact, and make yur facial expressin sft. 4.B Let yur face and bdy relax s that yu can make natural gestures.
After the event is ver, take a bit f time t think f yur scial perfrmance and the cnversatin yu had with peple. 5.D Fr example, perhaps yu made a big effrt t really listen t the peple yu were talking with, r yu may have asked several peple sme gd questins that really gt them talking.By ding s, yur cnversatin cnfidence will gradually imprve.
A．Or d yu feel shy?
B．Nd t shw yu're listening.
C．Keep in tuch with the peple yu have met.
D．Tell yurself exactly what yu did very well at the event.
E．Yu shuld learn hw t avid making mistakes at scial event.
F．This can prevent yu frm getting tngue-tied(结结巴巴的) at the event.
G．Befre yu attend the event, try t find ut hw ther peple will be dressing.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种能帮助你在社交场合增加自信心的方法以及活动前、活动中应该做的事情。
解析：
1．上文“d yu feel cnfident that yu will impress thers？(你有信心给别人留下深刻印象吗？)”作者对在社交场合中，读者会产生的心理状况提出问题，下文“In any case(无论如何)”可知，作者提出的问题不止一个，而且有可能问题的内容在一定程度上会有矛盾，表示相反相对。A项(或者你会害羞吗？)符合文意，且“害羞”和“有信心”在一定意义上为矛盾关系。故选A。
2．设空处前一句(无论何时你在任何社交活动中遇到新朋友，你都应该穿合适的衣服。)提示本段内容与穿着有关；设空处后一句(如果其他人都穿商务装，你也应该这样。)教会读者借鉴其他人的穿着。G项(在你参加活动之前，试着弄清楚其他人会怎么穿。)包含ther peple 和dressing两个关键词。故选G。
3．上文作者告诉读者可以提前了解一些话题，以便加入到对话当中。F项(这可以防止你在活动中结结巴巴。)符合文意，总结上文，即了解了话题就不会结巴。故选F。
4．上文“make yur facial expressin sft(面部表情要柔和)”提到面部表情，下文“make natural gestures(做出自然的手势)”提到肢体动作，所以这一段主要讲的是非语言交际。B项(点头表示你在倾听。)中的“点头”为肢体动作。故选B。
5．下文作者为了证明自己的观点而举的例子，所以空处需要填总结性的观点句。结合文意可知，例子讲述的是“你”在社交活动上与人交谈的过程中所做出的努力及反思，所以D项(确切地告诉自己在活动中哪点做得最好。)符合文意，为反思总结。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
根据短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·山东聊城一中校联考一模)
Sme teens cnsider high schl t be terrible, taking up their time and lading them with many endless 1.respnsibilities (respnsibility); hwever, fr teens wh can see the bigger picture, they can appreciate 2.why high schl is s imprtant and hw t make the mst f it. The time 3.spent (spend) in high schl can be viewed as the final “incubatin(孵化)perid” in which teens can learn, explre, and prepare fr the future 4.higher (high) educatin, prfessinal career, and adulthd that is t fllw. High schl is the perfect pprtunity 5.t figure (figure) ut yur strengths and interests and set yurself up fr a future f success, fr thse wh use their time wisely.
High schl is valuable fr many reasns, but 6.primarily (primary), this is the last lw-stakes time in a persn's life when they can learn, and explre in a variety f subjects and activities, prir 7.t stepping int the real wrld. In high schl, students can attempt 8.an activity r a subject and determine that it isn't their favrite; hwever, nce a student is pursuing a majr in cllege r prfessinal career, 9.deciding (decide) the tpic r industry n lnger f interest has greater cnsequences.
Additinally, the high schl prepares students in areas far beynd the classrm curriculum. High schl helps teach students t research, listen, cllabrate, lead, be 10.creative (create) and innvative, and put frth cnsistent and prlnged time, effrt, and hard wrk int activities ，classes, and subjects that matter.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高中阶段的重要性以及高中生应如何充分利用它。
解析：
1．考查名词复数。句意：一些青少年认为高中很糟糕，它占用了他们的时间，让他们承担了许多没完没了的责任。形容词endless后接可数名词的复数形式。故填respnsibilities。
2．考查宾语从句。句意：然而，对于能够看到大局的青少年来说，他们可以理解为什么高中如此重要以及如何充分利用它。分析句子可知，从句缺少原因状语，用连接副词why引导宾语从句。故填why。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：在高中度过的时间可以看作是青少年可以学习、探索和为未来的高等教育、职业生涯和成年期做准备的最后“孵化期”。分析句子可知，设空处为后置定语，修饰前面的名词The time，与spend之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填spent。
4．考查形容词比较级。句意同上。higher educatin“高等教育”。故填higher。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：对于那些明智地利用时间的人来说，高中是一个发现自己的优势和兴趣并为自己的成功未来做好准备的绝佳机会。分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词pprtunity。故填t figure。
6．考查副词。句意：高中的价值有很多原因，但最重要的是，这是一个人一生中最后一段低风险的时间，在进入现实世界之前，他们可以在各种学科和活动中学习和探索。副词在句中作状语。故填primarily。
7．考查介词。句意同上。prir t...意为“在……之前”。故填t。
8．考查冠词。句意：在高中，学生可以尝试一项活动或一门学科，然后发现这不是他们喜欢的。根据句意可知，名词activity为泛指，此处应用不定冠词，且activity 发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词 an。故填an。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，一旦学生在大学或职业生涯中追求专业，决定不再感兴趣的主题或行业会产生更大的影响。分析句子可知，空处为动名词短语作主语。故填deciding。
10．考查形容词。句意：高中有助于教会学生研究、倾听、合作、领导、创造和创新，并在重要的活动、课程和科目上投入持续和长期的时间、精力和努力。根据句意及空前的be可知，空处应用形容词作表语。故填creative。