福建省厦门集美中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份福建省厦门集美中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考英语试卷（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(考试时间：120分钟;满分：150分)
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题的答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在试卷上无效。
3. 回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案填写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共95分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例： Hw much is the shirt?
A. 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the man ging t d?
A. Have a picnic. B. G fishing. C. Take a drive.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. The weather. B. Indr activities. C. The wman’s illness.
3. Where des the cnversatin mst prbably take place?
A. At a bus statin. B. At a train statin. C. At an airprt.
4. What will the man d next?
A. Put a jb advertisement. B. Cnduct an interview. C. Surf the Internet.
5. Why des the man talk t the wman?
A. T bk a rm. B. T cnfirm his flight. C. T reschedule a meeting.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话成独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which place will be cleaned tday?
A. The hallways. B. The frnt ffice. C. The cafeteria.
7. What will the wman d next week?
A. Hld a meeting. B. Design a schedule. C. Hst a dinner.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What did the speakers just d?
A. They practiced dancing tgether.
B. They perfrmed in a musical.
C. They watched a shw.
9. What was the wman?
A. A dancer. B. An actress. C. A musician.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What d we knw abut the jacket?
A. It was unsuitable fr the man.
B. It was large fr the man’s sn.
C. It was bught at a reduced price.
11. What des the wman ask the man fr?
A. The jacket. B. The receipt. C. The credit card.
12. What will the man d next week?
A. Get his mney back. B. Take a credit nte. C. Visit the stre again.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What did Paul d after he left schl?
A. He pened a shp.
B. He did several different jbs.
C. He gt a jb as a chef in a restaurant.
14. What was Paul’s first restaurant jb like?
A. Difficult but beneficial. B. Bring but well-paid. C. Enjyable but demanding.
15. What des Paul’s current jb invlve?
A. Managing the whle kitchen. B. Cking every day. C. Assisting chefs.
16. What des Paul think makes a restaurant successful?
A. Inventing new dishes.
B. Using quality ingredients.
C. Creating less stressful envirnment.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker’s jb related t?
A. Medicine. B. Wild animals. C. Artificial intelligence.
18. What was the main gal f Prject Skylark?
A. T create a system fr healthcare.
B. T pen up pssibilities f finance.
C. T teach a machine t identify different birds.
19. What is the prgram MediScan used fr?
A. Analyzing data. B. Detecting diseases. C. Prducing reprts.
20. What is the speaker’s attitude twards AI in general?
A. Wrried. B. Psitive. C. Casual.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Vlunteer by supprting a lcal animal rescue center in Csta Rica!
If yu like animals and are als interested in preserving the envirnment, yu will be perfect fr this prgram. Yu will be helping ut in and supprting a lcal animal shelter. Nt nly des this shelter take in hmeless animals, but als wild animals which are in bad cnditin.
In additin t the caretaking f the animals, vlunteers help us welcme visitrs at the entrance and answer any questins that visitrs may have abut the shelter r its animals. As vlunteers spend mre days in the shelter, knwledge abut wildlife management will grw.
Requirements
＊Yu need t be at least 15 years ld n the prgram start date at the high schl level r abve.
＊Speaking English is a basic requirement.
＊N restrictins n natinality Helping hands bth in Csta Rica and beynd are welcme.
＊Yur helping hand will be required frm 09:00 t 15:00 n Mnday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday.
Prgram fees
＊Bking payments (15%): The bking payment is simply t reserve yur vlunteer placement. Payment is made by PayPal. Yu can als pay using a credit card.
＊Final payments (85%): Yur final payment will be agreed with Vlunteer Nw Csta Rica during the applicatin prcess.
1. What can a vlunteer d in the rescue center?
A. Cmmunicate with visitrs.B. Get trained t place animals.
C. Give lectures abut animals.D. Search fr hmeless animals.
2. Wh can vlunteer in the prgram?
A. A French-speaking adult.B. A primary schlchild.
C. A cllege student frm America.D. A lcal persn free n Fridays.
3. Hw much shuld a vlunteer pay at least t make a reservatin?
A. $52.5.B. $105.C. $297.5.D. $350.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了如何申请支持哥斯达黎加当地动物救援中心的志愿者。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In additin t the caretaking f the animals, vlunteers help us welcme visitrs at the entrance and answer any questins that visitrs may have abut the shelter r its animals.”（除了照顾动物外，志愿者还帮助我们在入口处欢迎游客，并回答游客可能对收容所或动物的任何问题）可知，志愿者在救援中心可以与参观者沟通。故选A项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Requirements中“＊Yu need t be at least 15 years ld n the prgram start date at the high schl level r abve.＊Speaking English is a basic requirement. ＊N restrictins n natinality. Helping hands bth in Csta Rica and beynd are welcme.＊Yur helping hand will be required frm 09:00 t 15:00 n Mnday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday.”（*您需要在课程开始日期至少15岁，高中或以上水平。会说英语是基本要求。*国籍不限。欢迎来自哥斯达黎加和其他国家的援助之手。*星期一、二、三、四、六、日的09:00至15:00需要您的帮助）可知，一位来自美国的大学生可以自愿参加这个项目。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prgram fees中“1week（minimum stay）$350”以及“Bking payments (15%)”（预订费用(15%)）可知，志愿者至少要付350×15%=52.5美元，才能预约。故选A项。
B
Nt t lng ag, 41 -year-ld Garrett Fisher flew a small airplane clse t the surface f the largest glacier (冰川) in Nrway. In that envirnment, the plane carrying a man wh pursues glaciers seemed almst like a ty. Fisher is trying t phtgraph every glacier n Earth befre sme f them disappear.
Scientists say many glaciers are getting smaller because Earth’s average temperature is increasing. Infrmatin frm the Eurpean Envirnment Agency, r EEA, says glaciers in the Alps have lst abut half f their vlume since 1900 and that by 2100, the size f Eurpean glaciers culd decrease by between 22 percent and 84 percent. Histrical recrds f the size f glaciers in Eurpe als shw that glaciers are nw shrinking (缩小) faster. This has pushed Fisher t cmbine his lve f flying and phtgraphy t phtgraph Earth’s remaining glaciers befre it’s t late.
Fisher believes his phtgraphs can be f great value t future generatins. S, he has launched the Glbal Glacier Initiative,a nn-prfit grup t supprt and shw his wrk. He plans t pen his phts t the public fr research.
Fisher flew a small plane that has a smell f il and feels like an ld car. It was his chice t have the dangerus flying. “The weather is bad and the flying is technically challenging,” Fisher said. Sme peple wuld ask, “Why risk flying ver glaciers when satellites have already given pictures f them?” Fisher said that satellite images dn’t catch the beauty f glaciers the way his phts can. His phts shw the clrs, shapes, and shadws as the light frm the sun hits the glaciers.
Fisher has paid fr his glacier phtgraphy with his wn mney. But it is cstly. Mney is running ut and Fisher is lking fr peple wh will help supprt his wrk. He hpes his phts will be a reminder t peple. He is trying t btain the perfect image, which is s beautiful that it can make peple and plicymakers act.
4. What caused Fisher t integrate flying and phtgraphy?
A. The request frm the EEA.B. The crisis f disappearing glaciers.
C. The beauty f Earth’s glaciers.D. The need t enrich glacier recrds.
5. Why did Fisher launch the Glbal Glacier Initiative?
A. T carry ut research n glaciers.B. T attract mre glacier enthusiasts.
C. T recrd the size f Eurpean glaciers.D. T make his phts publicly available.
6. Which wrds can best describe Fisher?
A. Brave and helpful.B. Inspiring and generus.
C. Creative and thughtful.D. Adventurus and determined.
7. What’s Fisher’s expectatin f his phts?
A. Bringing him sme financial supprt.B. Being recgnized by plicymakers.
C. Raising peple’s cncern fr glaciers.D. Strengthening the human-nature bnd.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。由于冰川正在消失，41岁的Garrett Fisher决定驾驶一架小型飞机拍摄仍留存的冰川美景。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Scientists say many glaciers are getting smaller because Earth’s average temperature is increasing.(科学家表示，由于地球的平均温度正在上升，许多冰川正在变小)”以及“This has pushed Fisher t cmbine his lve f flying and phtgraphy t phtgraph Earth’s remaining glaciers befre it’s t late. (这促使Fisher将他对飞行和摄影的热爱结合起来，在为时已晚之前拍摄地球上剩余的冰川)”可推知，冰川慢慢消失的危机促使Fisher将飞行和摄影结合起来，故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Fisher believes his phtgraphs can be f great value t future generatins. S, he has launched the Glbal Glacier Initiative, a nn-prfit grup t supprt and shw his wrk. He plans t pen his phts t the public fr research.( Fisher相信他的照片对后代有很大的价值。因此，他发起了“全球冰川倡议”，这是一个非营利组织，旨在支持和展示他的工作。他计划向公众开放他的照片以供研究)”可知，Fisher成立该非营利团体是为了让公众看到他拍的照片并将其用于研究。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“It was his chice t have the dangerus flying. “The weather is bad and the flying is technically challenging,” Fisher said.(冒险飞行是他的选择。“天气恶劣，飞行在技术上具有挑战性，”Fisher说)”可知，拍摄冰川的工作充满危险，不仅天气恶劣，对驾驶技术要求也很高，但Fisher选择去做这件事，这说明他是一个有冒险精神的人。再结合该段中的“Sme peple wuld ask, “Why risk flying ver glaciers when satellites have already given pictures f them?”(有些人会问：“既然卫星已经提供了冰川的照片，为什么还要冒险飞越冰川呢？”)”可知，一些人不明白Fisher这样做有什么意义，也就是对其行为有质疑，但Fisher坚持自己的想法并付诸行动。由此推知，他是一个意志坚定的、有决心的人。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“He hpes his phts will be a reminder t peple. He is trying t btain the perfect image, which is s beautiful that it can make peple and plicymakers act.(他希望他的照片能提醒人们。他试图获得完美的形象，这是如此美丽，它可以让人们和政策制定者采取行动)”可知，Fisher希望他所拍摄的照片能够提醒人们，让人们行动起来保护冰川。故选C。
C
We all may knw smene we cnsider t be a picky eater, wh tends t dislike sme cmmn fd regularly and causes scial embarrassment when rdering at restaurants. But fr sme peple picky eating can actually becme a serius disrder, and clinical definitins f picky eating behavirs ften include peple wh nly cnsume arund 20 different kinds f fds fr a lng perid f time.
“Having restricted diets can lead t nutritinal deficiencies (缺陷) as well as health prblems like heart disease, pr bne health and dental issues,” explained Lrenz Staffrd, ne f the authrs n the latest study. “There is als a scial cst because nrmally enjyable mments between family members can easily turn int stressful, anxius, and cnflict-causing situatins when picky eaters feel ashamed r pressured t eat certain fd.”
A new research hmed in n the effect f plate clr n fd desirability fr picky eaters. The experiment was based n a fundatinal study frm 2018 which lked at the way different clred fd bwls affected a persn’s sense f taste.
Using a design similar t the 2018 research, the new experiments had participants rate the sweetness, saltiness and verall desirability f a snack fd eaten frm different clred bwls. In this instance the snack was salt and vinegar ptat crisps cnsumed frm either a red, blue r white bwl. Arund 50 participants were recruited (招募) and classified as either picky r nn-picky eaters based n a standard questinnaire.
The results revealed picky eaters cnsidered the snack t be saltier when it was eaten frm a red r blue bwl cmpared t the white bwl. And verall, picky eaters fund the snack generally less desirable when eaten frm a red bwl.
It is wrth mentining that a recent survey estimated nearly ne in five American adults culd be clinically classified as picky eaters. S explring ways t help these peple better engage with mre types f fd culd result in valuable health utcmes.
8. Which f the fllwing may be a picky eater?
A. Tm wh ate nly sme bread this mrning.B. Lisa wh nly has vegetables fr lsing weight.
C. Peter wh ften rders little at restaurants.D. Alex wh likes nly a small range f dishes.
9. What’s paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. Health prblems caused by picky eating.
B. Mments that are ruined by picky eaters.
C. Ptential cnsequences f picky eating.
D. Qutes f Lrenz t supprt the research findings.
10. What is the finding f the new research?
A. Bwls f different clrs directly affect appetite f eaters.
B. Blue clr bwls can make the fd in them saltier fr eaters.
C. Fd in red bwls seems less attractive t picky eaters.
D. The clr f the bwl can change the taste f the dishes.
11. What’s the purpse f the last paragraph?
A. T shw ways f enhancing peple’s appetite effectively.
B. T stress the imprtance f reducing picky eaters’ anxiety and stress.
C. T encurage us t raise picky eaters’ awareness f healthy eating.
D. T call n researchers t help picky eaters try a wider variety f fds.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了最近的一项调查估计，近五分之一的美国成年人在临床上可以被归类为挑食者。因此，探索帮助这些人更好地接触更多种类的食物的方法可能会带来有价值的健康结果。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“But fr sme peple picky eating can actually becme a serius disrder, and clinical definitins f picky eating behavirs ften include peple wh nly cnsume arund 20 different kinds f fds fr a lng perid f time.”（但对一些人来说，挑食实际上会成为一种严重的疾病，临床上对挑食行为的定义通常包括那些长时间只吃20种左右不同食物的人）可知，临床上对挑食行为的定义通常包括那些长时间只吃20种左右不同食物。由此推知，只喜欢一小部分菜的亚历克斯可能是挑食者。故选D项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段““Having restricted diets can lead t nutritinal deficiencies (缺陷) as well as health prblems like heart disease, pr bne health and dental issues,” explained Lrenz Staffrd, ne f the authrs n the latest study. “There is als a scial cst because nrmally enjyable mments between family members can easily turn int stressful, anxius, and cnflict-causing situatins when picky eaters feel ashamed r pressured t eat certain fd.””（这项最新研究的作者之一洛伦佐·斯塔福德(Lrenz Staffrd)解释说：“限制饮食会导致营养缺乏，以及心脏病、骨质疏松和牙齿问题等健康问题。”“这也有社会成本，因为家庭成员之间通常愉快的时刻很容易变成压力、焦虑和引发冲突的情况，当挑食者感到羞耻或被迫吃某些食物时。”）可知，第二段主要讲的是挑食的潜在后果。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“And verall, picky eaters fund the snack generally less desirable when eaten frm a red bwl.”（总的来说，挑食的人发现，当他们从红色的碗里吃零食时，这些零食通常不那么令人满意）可知，这项新研究的发现是对于挑食的人来说，红碗里的食物似乎没有那么有吸引力。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is wrth mentining that a recent survey estimated nearly ne in five American adults culd be clinically classified as picky eaters. S explring ways t help these peple better engage with mre types f fd culd result in valuable health utcmes.”（值得一提的是，最近的一项调查估计，近五分之一的美国成年人在临床上可以被归类为挑食者。因此，探索帮助这些人更好地接触更多种类的食物的方法可能会带来有价值的健康结果。）可推知，最后一段的目的是呼吁研究人员帮助挑食者尝试更多种类的食物。故选D项。
D
“I like pigs,” Winstn Churchill suppsedly nce said. “Dgs lk up t us. Cats lk dwn n us. Pigs treat us as equals.” Whether Churchill’s cntemprary Gerge Orwell als liked pigs is less clear. But he, t, surely saw smething in them that was lacking in many dmestic (驯养的) animals, fr it was they wh ended up running the shw in his nvel, Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent scial creatures.
And, like all animals, they smetimes fight. Sme pigs tend t be attackers; thers tend t be victims. Wh is what depends largely n weight. Amng pigs, punds mean pwer. The attacker might bite, kick r push the victim. Mst cnflicts end in secnds, but sme last a minute r tw.
In mst animal species fights wuld be like that. Hwever, many f the cnflicts amng pigs Dr Nrscia, a bilgist, bserved had interested parties beynd the fighters. He therefre wanted t understand the rle f these bystanders in slving cnflicts — and what this says abut pigs’ cgnitive (认知的) abilities.
Since there was usually nt enugh time fr a bystander pig t becme invlved in the heat f a cnflict, thugh this did ccur, Dr Nrscia lked at what happened in the three minutes immediately fllwing a fight. Smetimes, he fund, the fighters were recnciled with each ther n their wn. The mre distantly related the fighters were, the mre frequently this happened. Dr Nrscia guessed that relatins between clse relatives are mre secure t start with, s rebuilding friendly relatins rapidly is less necessary fr them.
On ther ccasins, hwever, a third pig stepped in. Smetimes this bystander interacted with the attacker, which reduced the number f attacks cming after. Smetimes, the bystander interacted with the victim. This appeared t calm the victim dwn, fr it reduced anxiety-related behavir.
Scial intelligence need nt, thugh, be entirely selfless. Pigs are mre likely t step in after a cnflict if they are clsely related t either the attacker r the victim. This is prbably an example f kin selectin (亲属选择), which favrs the develpment f behavir.
12. Why are Churchill and Orwell mentined at the beginning?
A. T shw their preference fr pigs.B. T add sme related backgrunds.
C. T intrduce the tpic f the text.D. T present their attitude t animals.
13. What can we learn abut pigs’ fights?
A. They last a little bit lnger.B. They happen mre ften in the wild.
C. Pigs with mre punds tend t be the victims.D. There wuld nrmally be audiences during the fights.
14. What des the underlined wrd “recnciled” prbably mean in paragraph 4?
A. Caught up.B. Made up.C. Kept in tuch.D. Changed in tune.
15. Which f the fllwing reflects pigs’ scial intelligence?
A. Offering cmfrt t victim pigs.B. Frming special bnds with strangers.
C. Adjusting their behavir accrdingly.D. Caring fr thers with selfless devtin.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了猪打架后如何和解，这证实了猪是非常聪明的。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中““I like pigs,” Winstn Churchill suppsedly nce said. “Dgs lk up t us. Cats lk dwn n us. Pigs treat us as equals.” Whether Churchill’s cntemprary Gerge Orwell als liked pigs is less clear.(据说温斯顿·丘吉尔曾经说过：“我喜欢猪。”“狗尊敬我们。猫看不起我们。猪对我们是平等的。”与丘吉尔同时代的乔治·奥威尔(Gerge Orwell)是否也喜欢猪就不那么清楚了)”并联系下文对猪的探讨可推知，作者一开始就提到丘吉尔和奥威尔是为了引出本文要探讨的话题。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In mst animal species fights wuld be like that. Hwever, many f the cnflicts amng pigs Dr Nrscia, a bilgist, bserved had interested parties beynd the fighters. He therefre wanted t understand the rle f these bystanders in slving cnflicts — and what this says abut pigs’ cgnitive (认知的) abilities.(大多数动物的争斗都是这样的。然而，生物学家Nrscia博士观察到，在猪之间的许多冲突中，除了打架者之外，还有其他利益相关方。因此，他想了解这些旁观者在解决冲突中的作用，以及这对猪的认知能力有何影响)”可知，猪打架的特别之处是它们会有旁观者。故选D项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The mre distantly related the fighters were, the mre frequently this happened. Dr Nrscia guessed that relatins between clse relatives are mre secure t start with, s rebuilding friendly relatins rapidly is less necessary fr them.(打架者的亲缘关系越远，这种情况发生的频率就越高。Nrscia博士猜测，近亲之间的关系一开始就更安全，因此迅速重建友好关系对他们来说就不那么必要了)”可推知，此处为Nrscia博士发现，打架者会自行和解。由此可知，划线单词recnciled为“和解”的意思，结合选项B项Made up“和解，和好”意思一致。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“On ther ccasins, hwever, a third pig stepped in. Smetimes this bystander interacted with the attacker, which reduced the number f attacks cming after. Smetimes, the bystander interacted with the victim. This appeared t calm the victim dwn, fr it reduced anxiety-related behavir.(然而，在其他情况下，第三只猪会介入。有时，这个旁观者与攻击者互动，这减少了随后的攻击次数。有时，旁观者会与受害者互动。这似乎使受害者平静下来，因为它减少了与焦虑相关的行为)”可推知，旁观者在解决冲突中起到了一定作用，安慰受害者，与攻击者互动，这反映了猪的社会智能。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Healthy See, Healthy D
Visit the grcery stre n an empty stmach, and yu will prbably cme hme with a few things yu did nt plan t buy. But hunger is nt the nly cause f additinal purchases. ____16____
The checkut area is a particular htspt fr junk fd. ____17____ And a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier ptins can change custmer behavir. A 2012 study in the Netherlands fund that hspital wrkers were mre likely t give up junk fd fr healthy snacks when the latter were mre readily available n canteen shelves, fr example.
____18____ It has been wrking with mre than 1,000 stre wners t encurage them t rder and prmte nutritius fds. “Making healthy fds mre cnvenient r appealing can lead t increased sales f thse prducts.” says Tamar Adjian, a research scientist at the department.
Adjian and her clleagues wndered if such findings wuld apply t their city’s crwded urban checkut areas, s they selected three Brnx supermarkets fr their wn study. ____19____ Then they recrded purchases ver six three-hur perids in each stre fr tw weeks.
Of the mre than 2,100 shppers they bserved, just 4 percent bught anything frm the checkut area. Amng thse wh did, hwever, custmers in the healthy lines purchased nutritius fds mre than twice as ften as thse in the standard lines. ____20____ The findings were reprted in September in the Jurnal f Nutritin Educatin and Behavir.
The ptential influence may seem small, but Adjian believes that changing mre checkut lines will pen custmers’ eyes t nutritius, lwer-calrie fds. Health department fficials are nw explring ways t expand healthy ptins at checkut cunters thrughut New Yrk City.
A. They bught unhealthy fds 40 percent less ften.
B. These findings caught the attentin f New Yrk City Department f Health.
C. They replaced candies and ckies with fruits and nuts near the checkut cunter.
D. The supermarkets began t ffer nutritius, lwer-calrie fds.
E. These fds give peple mre energy.
F. The lcatin f stre displays als influences ur shpping chices.
G. The prducts mst cmmnly fund there are sugary and salty snacks.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了商店的食品的位置摆放也会影响我们的购物，可能会形成或打破一些健康的饮食习惯。纽约市的卫生部门的官员们正在探索在各处的收银台扩大健康选择的方法。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Visit the grcery stre n an empty stmach, and yu will prbably cme hme with a few things yu did nt plan t buy. But hunger is nt the nly cause f additinal purchases. ”（空着肚子去杂货店，你很可能会带回来一些你不打算买的东西。但饥饿并不是额外购买的唯一原因）可知，前面说到了额外购物的一个原因，并且指出不止这个原因。因此后文要给出另一个原因。F项“商店陈列的位置也会影响我们的购物选择”符合语境，als是关键词。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据空前“The checkut area is a particular htspt fr junk fd. ”（收银区是垃圾食品的一个特别热点）以及空后“And a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier ptins can change custmer behavir. ”（一些研究表明，简单地换更健康的食物就能改变顾客的行为）推知，空处应承接上文，介绍常见的垃圾食品是哪些，以及它们的特点。G项“那里最常见的产品是含糖和含盐的零食”符合语境，there指代上文的the checkut area。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据空后“It has been wrking with mre than 1,000 stre wners t encurage them t rder and prmte nutritius fds. ”（它一直在与1000多家店主合作，鼓励他们订购和推广营养食品）推知，上文提到了一个鼓励健康饮食的组织。B项“这些发现引起了纽约市卫生部的注意”符合语境，下文的it指代选项中的 New Yrk City Department f Health。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Adjian and her clleagues wndered if such findings wuld apply t their city’s crwded urban checkut areas, s they selected three Brnx supermarkets fr their wn study.”（阿德约安和她的同事想知道这样的发现是否适用于他们城市拥挤的结账区，所以他们选择了三个布朗克斯超市进行自己的研究）可知，这个发现是前面说到“让健康食品更方便或更吸引人可以增加这些产品的销量”。再结合空后“Then they recrded purchases ver six three-hur perids in each stre fr tw weeks.”（然后，他们在两周的时间里，记录了六次在每家商店三小时内的购买情况）的then推知，上文陈述他们把健康的食品放在货架上，因而才有了后文记录购买情况。C项“他们把收银台附近的糖果和饼干换成了水果和坚果”符合语境，they指代上文Adjian and her clleagues ，且与下文承接自然。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据空前“Amng thse wh did, hwever, custmers in the healthy lines purchased nutritius fds mre than twice as ften as thse in the standard lines. ”（然而，在那些购买健康食品的顾客中，购买营养食品的次数是购买标准食品的顾客的两倍多）可知，上文说到了研究的结果——购买健康食物的顾客增多。以及空后“The findings were reprted in September in the Jurnal f Nutritin Educatin and Behavir.”（研究结果发表在9月份的《营养教育与行为杂志》上）推知，空处承接上文，继续陈述研究结果——购买不健康食品的顾客减少。A项“他们购买不健康食品的次数减少了40%”符合语境。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was his father’s dream t see ne f his kids grw up t be a dctr. When he was in grade 12, his father tld the yungest sn that he wanted him t study bilgy and pass medical exams. His sister, wh___21___in bilgy, had earlier tried fr Medical Degrees but failed even thugh she was very___22___. In August, he asked his sister t teach him bilgy. The___23___started t give lessns but sn she realized that the guy was nt___24___fr it. She tried t tell the father that the sn was n gd at bilgy and that he shuld___25___his dream f making ne f his kids a dctr. The father called the guy and in a___26___way, he tld him t try up t his capacity. The guy___27___his father and gave it his best sht. The result was___28___in June the next year but he didn’t pass it in that___29___.
Just 20 days later the family faced a serius____30____when the father died suddenly due t a heart attack. The guy was nt even 18 and thse were____31____hard times.
He remembered his father’s dream and decided t wrk n that. Fr a(n)____32____guy, medicine isn’t a child’s play. With great____33____, he studied day and night t fulfill his father’s dream which became his wn dream, t.
He____34____fr the medical exam again and this time, he made it. He finally____35____the tp medical cllege in the state.
21. A. majredB. participatedC. invlvedD. brught
22. A. braveB. sharpC. attentiveD. cnsiderate
23. A. directrB. applierC. expertD. tutr
24. A. gratefulB. cncernedC. suitableD. respnsible
25. A. put ffB. accunt frC. give upD. carry n
26. A. gentleB. rudeC. srrwfulD. hnest
27. A. declinedB. understdC. hatedD. acknwledged
28. A. inspiredB. judgedC. declaredD. discvered
29. A. attemptB. fieldC. scheduleD. adventure
30. A. threatB. shckC. infectinD. misunderstanding
31. A. mentallyB. accidentallyC. cnstantlyD. extremely
32. A. averageB. frustratedC. cmmittedD. awesme
33. A. talentB. satisfactinC. enthusiasmD. pleasure
34. A. preparedB. satC. ranD. answered
35. A. tuchedB. prmtedC. finishedD. entered
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个男孩在父亲去世后，为完成父亲对自己的期待努力学习，最终进入医学院的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的姐姐主修生物学，以前曾试图获得医学学位，但失败了，尽管她很聪明。A. majred主修；B. participated参加；C. invlved涉及，参与；D. brught带来。根据下文“In August, he asked his sister t teach him bilgy.”他要求姐姐教他生物，由此可知，此处应表示他的姐姐主修生物学。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的姐姐主修生物学，以前曾试图获得医学学位，但失败了，尽管她很聪明。A. brave勇敢的；B. sharp聪明的；C. attentive细心的；D. cnsiderate考虑周到的。根据上文“had earlier tried fr Medical Degrees but failed even thugh”曾试图获得医学学位，以及even thugh转折，由此可推知，此处应表示他的姐姐曾试图获得医学学位，但失败了，尽管她很聪明。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位指导教师开始上课，但很快她意识到这个男孩不适合。A. directr导演；B. applier填充器；C. expert专家；D. tutr导师。根据上文“he asked his sister t teach him bilgy.”可知，这个男孩让他的姐姐教他生物，此处指的是这位指导教师开始上课了。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位指导教师开始上课，但很快她意识到这个男孩不适合。A. grateful感激的；B. cncerned关心的；C. suitable合适的；D. respnsible负责的。根据下文“She tried t tell the father that the sn was n gd at bilgy”试图告诉父亲，他的儿子不擅长生物学，由此可知，此处应表示姐姐觉得他不适合学习这门课程。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她试图告诉父亲，他的儿子不擅长生物学，他应该放弃让他的一个孩子成为医生的梦想。A. put ff推迟；B. accunt fr考虑；C. give up放弃；D. carry n继续进行。根据上文“the sn was n gd at bilgy”他的儿子不擅长生物学，由此可知，此处应表示他应该放弃让他的一个孩子成为医生的梦想。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：男孩的父亲打电话给男孩，用一种温和的方式告诉他要尽自己最大的努力。A. gentle温和的；B. rude粗鲁的；C. srrwful悲伤的；D. hnest诚实的。根据下文“he tld him t try up t his capacity.”以及语境可知，此处应表示男孩的父亲打电话给男孩，用一种温和的方式告诉他要尽自己最大的努力。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩理解他的父亲，并尽了最大努力。A. declined拒绝；B. understd理解；C. hated讨厌；D. acknwledged承认。根据下文“and gave it his best sht.”尽了最大努力，由此可知，此处应表示这个男孩理解他的父亲。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果于第二年6月公布，但他没有通过。A. inspired激励；B. judged判断；C. declared公布；D. discvered发现。根据句意以及下文“but he didn’t pass it”可推知，此处应表示第二年六月公布了考试结果。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果于第二年6月公布，但他没有通过。A. attempt尝试；B. field领域；C. schedule日程表；D. adventure冒险。根据上文中的“try up t his capacity”以及“gave it his best sht”结合语境可知，男孩没有在那次尝试中通过考试。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：仅仅20天后，这个家庭就面临着严重的打击，父亲因心脏病突发而突然去世。A. threat威胁；B. shck冲击；C. infectin感染；D. misunderstanding误解。根据下文“the father died suddenly due t a heart attack.”父亲因心脏病突发而突然去世。可知，此处应表示这个家庭面临着严重的打击。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：那个男孩还不到18岁，那是一段极其艰难的时期。A. mentally精神上；B. accidentally意外地；C. cnstantly持续不断地；D. extremely非常。根据上文“the father died suddenly due t a heart attack. The guy was nt even 18”可知，父亲突然离世，而这位男孩还未满18岁，那是非常艰难的日子。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于一个普通人来说，医学可不是儿戏。A. average普通的，平常的；B. frustrated挫折的；C. cmmitted忠诚的；D. awesme非常棒的。根据上文“the sn was n gd at bilgy”以及下文“medicine isn’t a child’s play”可知，对于一个资质平平的人来说，医学不是容易的事。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他怀着极大的热情，夜以继日地学习，以实现他父亲的梦想，这也成为了他自己的梦想。A. talent天赋；B. satisfactin满意；C. enthusiasm热情；D. pleasure高兴。根据下文“he studied day and night t fulfill his father’s dream which became his wn dream, t.”夜以继日地学习，以实现他父亲的梦想，由此可知，此处应表示他怀着极大的热情，夜以继日地学习。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他又参加了医学考试，这次他成功了。A. prepared准备；B. sat (fr)参加；C. ran跑；D. answered回答。根据下文“the medical exam again and this time, he made it.”可知，此处应表示男孩又参加了医学考试，这次他成功了。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他最终考入了该州最好的医学院。A. tuched动打；B. prmted促进；C. finished完成；D. entered进入。根据上文“He___14___fr the medical exam again and this time, he made it.”最终成功了，由此可推知，此处应表示他最终考入了该州最好的医学院。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Anyne wh has an interest in Dunhuang will have heard f Fan Jinshi. The Chinese archaelgist ____36____ has spent mre than half a century researching and preserving the caves at the heart f the ancient Silk Rad in Gansu Prvince ____37____(knw) as the “Daughter f Dunhuang” in her field, thugh “prtectr” is prbably a mre fitting ____38____(describe).
Fan has been studying the histrical site since the early 1960s, first as an archaelgy undergraduate frm Peking University, then as a cnservatinist when she became the deputy directr f the Dunhuang Research Academy in 1984, which serves t prevent the ancient site ____39____ being destryed.
“It is ver a thusand years ld. It is an ld persn, an ____40____(extreme) weak ld persn. It has ____41____(variety) illnesses. If yu are a little careless, it culd be gne. Gne frever,” Fan says.
Tday, thanks t the wrk f great ____42____(archaelgist) such as Fan, Dunhuang is prud f the wrld’s largest and best-preserved cllectin f Buddhist relics ____43____(date) frm the 13th t the 15th centuries. The main Mga site is made up f 735 caves spread acrss ____44____1,700-metre-wide cliff face, cntaining 45,000 square metres f murals(壁画) ____45____ mre than 2,000 clurful sculptures.
【答案】36. wh##that
37. is knwn
38. descriptin
39 frm 40. extremely
41. varius
42. archaelgists
43. dating 44. a
45. and
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了“敦煌的女儿”樊锦诗为保护敦煌文物作出的巨大贡献。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。设空处引导定语从句，指代先行词archaelgist，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词wh或that引导。故填wh/that。
【37题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。根据语境可知，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。句子的主语The Chinese archaelgist是单数，和knw之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is knwn。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。设空处被不定冠词a 修饰，应使用名词的单数形式，作表语。故填descriptin。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：樊锦诗自20世纪60年代初以来一直在研究这一历史遗址，最初是作为北京大学考古专业的本科生，后来在1984年当她成为敦煌研究院副院长，她作为一名保护主义者，该研究院旨在防止这一古老遗址被破坏。prevent sth. frm ding sth. 为固定搭配，意为“防止某事物发生某种情况”，设空处应填介词frm。故填frm。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：这是一个老人，一个极其虚弱的老人。设空处作状语，修饰形容词weak，应使用副词。故填extremely。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它有各种各样的疾病。设空处作定语，修饰名词illnesses，应使用形容词，故填varius。
42题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：今天，多亏了樊锦诗等著名考古学家的努力，敦煌拥有世界上最大、保存最完好的13世纪至15世纪的佛教文物。archaelgist意为“考古学家”，是可数名词，且此处表泛指，应使用复数形式。故填archaelgists。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，多亏了樊锦诗等著名考古学家的努力，敦煌拥有世界上最大、保存最完好的13世纪至15世纪的佛教文物。此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰cllectin f Buddhist relics，且cllectin f Buddhist relics与date为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填dating。
【44题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：莫高窟主址由735个洞窟组成，分布在1700米宽的悬崖面上，包含4.5万平方米的壁画和2000多件彩色雕塑。此处1,700-metre-wide cliff face前应用不定冠词，表泛指，空后的1700为辅音音素开头，应用a。故用a。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：莫高窟主址由735个洞窟组成，分布在1700米宽的悬崖上，包含4.5万平方米的壁画和2000多件彩色雕塑。45,000 square metres f murals(壁画)与mre than 2,000 clurful sculptures为并列关系，作动词cntaining的宾语，指出敦煌古迹数量之大，设空处应用连词and。故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，请你围绕“低碳生活，保护环境”的主题，根据下面所给提示，用英语给你校学生写一封倡议书。要点包括：
1.保护环境的重要性；
2.如何低碳生活；
3.发出倡议
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
Dear fellw students,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Student Unin
【答案】Dear fellw students,
As we all knw, envirnmental prblems are becming mre and mre serius all ver the wrld. Pllutin is threatening ur existence. Our schl advcates that we shuld build a lw-carbn life in rder t prtect the earth. I think it is everyne’s duty t wrk hard t achieve this gal.
Firstly, we shuld ride bicycles instead f riding in cars r schl buses t reduce the amunt f pllutin. Secndly, when we eat the fd in the schl cafeteria, we shuld eat up what we buy and nt waste the fd. Thirdly, it is imprtant fr us t save electricity and water. We shuld nt leave the lights n in the daytime and leave water running after washing.
Dear fellw students, let’s start right nw and spare n effrt t d every little thing we can frm nw n!
Student Unin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的倡议书。要求考生围绕“低碳生活，保护环境”的主题，用英语给学校学生写一封倡议书。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：firstly→ first f all
责任：duty → respnsibility
重要的：imprtant→ essential/vital
不遗余力做某事：spare n effrt t→ try ne’s best t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Firstly, we shuld ride bicycles instead f riding in cars r schl buses t reduce the amunt f pllutin.
拓展句：Firstly, we shuld ride bicycles instead f riding in cars r schl buses s that we can reduce the amunt f pllutin.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As we all knw, envirnmental prblems are becming mre and mre serius all ver the wrld.（运用了as 引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Our schl advcates that we shuld build a lw-carbn life in rder t prtect the earth.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Why she let ut my secret? why she did that t me?” I vividly remembered that day when I was cnfused at the knwing lks which everyne gave me. That terrible experience was imprinted (铭刻) n my mind. I culdn’t frgive the persn with whm I had shared my secret. She lst all my trust and friendship.
Five years back, Sally was a new additin in ur class. I dn’t knw what but there was smething sticky abut her that attracted me twards her. She was the mst friendly persn I knew. We started as classmates but after a few mnths we were like best friends. We did hmewrk tgether and dreamed f ging t the same university ne day. We hung ut and went t the mvies n weekends. That was a sweet time.
Nevertheless, I culdn’t expect such an enrmus betrayal frm her. I didn’t knw what made me tell Sally abut my persnal life. I felt much regret t myself. She exaggerated (夸大) the matter, added her wn spices t it and made it the httest tpic in schl. It was like smene had stabbed a knife in my back. After she revealed my secret, everyne at schl started laughing at me and gazing at me wherever I passed. I was like a pnd in which smene had thrwn a stne and it had been spilled up. It was the mst embarrassing time I had gne thrugh. Sn afterwards, I left schl and shifted t anther ne, because I thught n ne had the right t laugh at me. Sally called me many times but I didn’t answer. My heart was brken because the persn whm I trusted mst cheated me.
I made effrts t remve the scar frm my heart. I started a new life, leaving all the bad memries behind, because they made me a persn wh ften thught abut the past experiences. Five years later, with the life ging n, I made new friends and seldm thught abut the past.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But ne day I met Anna in the market, my frmer classmate, wh tld me shcking news.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I immediately called Sally in rder t explain the misunderstanding.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
But ne day I met Anna in the market, my frmer classmate, wh tld me shcking news. Anna said that after I left schl the gssip sn disappeared. Everyne in ur class missed me. Because I left withut saying gdbye, Sally was sad fr a lng time. And t my amazement, she tld me that Sally was nt the ne wh brught my secret t light. It was Mary wh had a big muth and always wanted t put her nse in ther peple’s matters. She happened t verhear my cnversatin with Sally. I was all at sea, feeling that the flr had slipped away beneath my feet. Anxius and regretful, I asked Anna fr any cntact with Sally.
I immediately called Sally in rder t explain the misunderstanding. After getting thrugh, I sincerely aplgized t her. She said sftly: “Never mind. We are gd friends.” I was in tears, guilt and jy. At that mment, I wished it had nt happened. I wished time culd g back and I culd vercme my mistake. Frm that I gt a lessn in life that we shuld learn t trust ur lved nes, because a little mistake can lead us t ruin what we shuld value. Trust is the fundatinal principle that hlds friendship. Trust is als the easiest thing in the wrld t lse. We need t be pen and trust ur friends.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者跟萨莉结为好友，跟她分享自己私密事情，结果秘密被同学知道，并且添油加醋害的作者被同学嘲笑，所以作者果断转学，之后萨莉打电话，作者也不接，在后来一次在市场遇到以前同学安娜知道事情真相的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“但有一天，我在市场上遇到了安娜，我以前的同学，她告诉我一个令人震惊的消息。”可知，第一段可描写作者知道了事情真相。
②由第二段首句内容“我立即打电话给莎莉，向她解释这个误会。”可知，第二段可描写作者和好友莎莉重归于好。
2.续写线索：真相大白——打电话——道歉——重归于好——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①爱打听别的事：put ne’s nse in ther peple’s matters/inquisitive
②揭露秘密：bring ne’s secret t light/expse a secret
情绪类
①令人震惊：shcking/surprising
②哭了：be in tears/cry
【点睛】
[高分句型1] But ne day I met Anna in the market, my frmer classmate, wh tld me shcking news.这句话运用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句。
[高分句型2] It was Mary wh had a big muth and always wanted t put her nse in ther peple’s matters.这句话运用了强调句。
听力答案：1—5：BACAC 6—10：AACAC 11—15：BCBAA 16—20：BCCBB