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    人教版八上英语各单元讲义

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    人教版八上英语各单元讲义

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    这是一份人教版八上英语各单元讲义,共31页。
    On vacatin “度假”
    Vacatin的同义词为hliday,但vacatin表示较长的假期
    G t the muntains “上山;进山”
    Stay at hme “待在家里”
    Visit my uncle “看望叔叔”
    Visit museum “参观博物馆”
    Summer camp “夏令营”
    Winter camp “冬令营”
    G t the beach “去海滩”
    Smething interesting “有趣的东西”
    不定代词smething ,anything, nthing, everything是指物的不定代词;而smebdy, smene, anybdy, anyne, nbdy, everybdy, everyne是指人的不定代词;smewhere, anywhere, nwhere, everywhere是指地点的不定代词。
    注意:(1) 当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时,放在其后;如smething special “特殊的事”
    不定代词、不定副词作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数
    Eg: Everyne is here. “每个人都在这。”
    Everyne knws him. “每个人都认识他”
    Smething, smebdy, smene, smewhere 用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中;而anything, anybdy, anyne, anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。
    Eg: Is there anything interesting n tday’s newspaper? “今天的报纸上有有趣的事吗?”
    Buy (动词) “买” 其反义词为sell (动词) “卖”
    Buy sb. sth. = buy sth. fr sb. “为某人买某物”
    Eg: My mum bught a bk fr me. = My mum bught me a bk.
    “妈妈给我买了本书。”
    Lng time n see. “好久不见。”
    Quite a few “相当多;不少”
    注意:Little/ a little/ few/ a few 区别
    Little “几乎没有”表否定意义,常用来修饰不可数名词
    A little “还有一点”表肯定意义,常用来修饰不可数名词
    Few “几乎没有”表否定意义,常用来修饰可数名词复数
    A few “还有一点”表肯定意义,常用来修饰可数名词复数
    Eg: We have little milk, let’s buy sme.
    We have a little milk, yu can drink it.
    We have a few apples, yu can eat it.
    We have few apples, let’s buy sme.
    Take phts “拍照”
    What abut ... = Hw abut ... ? “...怎么样/...呢?”
    后面加名词、代词或ding。
    Eg: What abut this apple? “这个苹果怎么样?”
    What abut yu? “你呢?”
    What abut ging swimming? “去游泳怎么样?”
    Nt really. “不是真的。”
    Mst f the time “大多数时间”
    Time (名词) 译为“时间”时为不可数名词;译为“次数”时为可数名词。
    Eg: There is n time. “没有时间了。”
    Several times “几次”
    Grammar
    一般过去时的特殊疑问句式
    句型结构为:特殊疑问词 + was/were/did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它
    Eg: Where were yu brn? “你出生在哪里?”
    Wh did yu g with? “你和谁去?”
    知识点
    N ne “没有人”
    N ne和nne的区别:
    nne即可指人又可指物;而n ne只能指人
    Nne作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可;n ne作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数
    Nne常用简略答语,可以与f连用;n ne只能单独使用,后面不可跟f
    Eg: -- Hw many peple are there? -- Nne. “--那有多少人? -- 没有人。”
    Nne f us want t see the mvie. “我们没有一个人看过这部电影。”
    There was n ne else here. “这里没有一个人。”
    Have a gd time “玩得高兴”
    Taste really gd “尝起来真好”
    Taste (名词) “味道 爱好” Eg: I dn’t like the taste f lives. “我不喜欢橄榄的味道。”
    (动词) “品尝;体验” Eg: I want t taste this dish. “我想要尝一下这个菜。”
    (系动词) “尝起来” 后面加形容词 Eg: The sup tastes gd. “这个汤尝起来很好。”
    My first time “我的第一次”
    Seem t be bred “似乎无聊”
    seem多用作系动词和不及物动词,表示“似乎;好像;看来”的意思,在表示“感觉”的意思时,后面可以接“t be + 名词或形容词”、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词作表语。
    常见的固定搭配:seem t ... (看起来...); seem like sb./sth. (仿佛...似的);It seems that 从句
    Eg: He seems t breathe quickly. “他似乎呼吸的很快。”
    These bananas seem like “hands”. “这些香蕉看起来像‘手’。”
    It seems that he was ill yesterday. “昨天他似乎病了。”
    Keep a diary “记日记”
    Sectin B
    Arrive in + 大地点 = arrive at + 小地点 = get t + 地点 = reach + 地点
    Eg: I arrived at the airprt n time. “我们按时到达机场。”
    I arrived in Beijing by plane. = I gt t Beijing by plane. = I reached Beijing by plane.
    “我坐飞机到北京。”
    注意:若get/reach/arrive后面加地点副词here/there/hme等,则不需要加介词。
    Eg: The by arrived hme safely. = The by gt hme safely. “那个男孩安全到家了。”
    Decide (动词) “决定” ; 其对应的名词为decisin (名词) “决定”
    常见短语:decide t d sth. “决定做某事”; make a decisin “做决定”
    Eg: We decided t g t the mvie tgether. “我们决定一起去看电影。”
    Yu need t make a decisin quickly. “你需要立刻做决定。”
    Try t d sth. “试着做某事(努力地、有目的地做,想尽办法做好)”
    Try ding sth. “尝试做某事”(没有目的性的做,试着做做看)
    Feel like “感受到;摸起来”后跟宾语从句或名词
    Eg: I felt like I was a bird. “我感觉我是一只鸟。”
    另外,常用短语为:feel like ding sth. “想要做某事”
    Eg: I feel like reading a bk. “我想要读书。”
    Ride bicycles t ... “骑自行车去...”
    The huse f... “...的房子”
    I wnder what life was like here in the past. “我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的。
    Wnder (名词) “奇迹;令人惊奇的事” (动词) “惊讶;想知道”
    常用短语: N wnder “难怪;不足为奇”
    Wnder at sth. “对某事惊奇”
    Wnder t d sth. = I wnder 从句 “想要做某事”
    Eg: I wnder where they are ging. “我想知道他们去哪了。”
    In the past “在过去”
    Enjy ding sth. “喜欢做某事”
    Enjy neself = have a gd time “玩得高兴”
    Eg: The girl enjyed reading. “这个小女孩喜欢阅读。”
    They enjyed themselves. “他们玩得很开心。”
    What a difference a day makes! “一天的差异多大啊!”
    Make a difference in... “对...有影响”
    different (形容词) “不同的”;difference (名词) “不同点”
    常用短语:be different frm... “与...不同”
    Hw + 形容词 (+ 主语 + 谓语!)= What (+ a/an) + 名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语!)
    Eg: Hw clever she is! = What a clever girl she is!
    注意:我们可以通过找句子的主语谓语来判断用hw还是what开头:将句子的主语谓语去掉,看看还有没有名词,有名词用what开头,没名词用hw开头。
    Walk up t the tp “我爬到山顶”
    Take the train “坐火车”
    Wait fr sb. “等待某人”
    Because + 从句
    Eg: I get up early because I want t catch the first bus. “我早早起床因为我想赶上头班车。”
    Because f + 名词/代词/名词短语
    Eg: I had t mve because f my jb. “因为工作原因我不得不搬家。”
    T many + 可数名词复数; t much + 不可数名词; much t + 形容词
    Eg: There are t many eggs in the basket. “篮子里有太多的鸡蛋。”
    There is t much water in the bttle. “瓶子里有太多的水。”
    The bx is much t heavy. “这个箱子太重了。”
    Belw (介词) “在...下面;低于”其反义词为abve “在...上面”
    Enugh mney “足够多的钱”
    Enugh在修饰形容词或副词时位于其后,enugh在修饰名词时位于其前
    Eg: wet enugh “足够潮湿”
    One bwl f rice “一碗米饭”
    Sunds great! “听起来不错!”
    The next day “第二天”
    Frget/ remember t d sth. “忘记/记得要做某事”
    Frget/remember ding sth. “忘记/记得做过某事”
    That’s nt all. “并不完全如此。”
    Alng the way “沿途”
    S + 形容词/副词 + that从句 “如此...以至于...”
    Such + 名词短语 + that 从句 “如此...以至于...”
    Eg: She is s ppular that everyne likes her.
    = She is such a ppular girl that everyne likes her.
    “她是如此受欢迎以至于每个人都喜欢她。”
    Tell sb. t d sth. “告诉某人做某事” tell sb. nt t d sth. “告诉某人不错某事”
    Jump up and dwn “上蹿下跳”
    Cme up “出现;升起;即将到来;发芽”
    Unit 2 Hw ften d yu exercise?
    Sectin A
    On weekends = at weekends “在周末”; n weekdays “在工作日”
    G t the mvies “去看电影”
    Help with husewrk = help (t) d husewrk “帮忙做家务”
    Help (动) “帮忙”(1)help sb. with sth. = help sb. (t) d sth “帮忙做某事”
    help neself t... “随便吃/喝...”
    can’t help ding sth. “情不自禁做某事”
    Help (名) “帮忙” with ne’s help = with the help f sb. “在某人的帮助下”
    Twice a week “一周两次”
    (1)英语中的次数表达:nce “一次” 是ne的派生词;twice “两次”是tw的派生词
    常见短语为:at nce “立刻”; nce again “再一次”; think twice “再三考虑”
    三次以上则用基数词 + times的结构表示:three times “三次”;fur times “四次”
    就次数提问常用hw many times “多少次”
    (2) 表频率的结构常用:次数 + a + day/week/ mnth;就该结构提问常用hw ften
    Every day “每天”
    Exercise (动/名) “锻炼”; exercise = d sme exercise “做练习;做锻炼”
    Use the Internet “使用互联网”; n the Internet “在网上”;surf the Internet “网上冲浪”
    Use f the Internet “互联网的使用”;
    Use (动) “使用” use sth. t d sth. “使用某物做某事”
    其派生词为:reuse(动) “重写使用”; useful (形容词) “有用的”;useless(形容词) “无用的”
    Use/with/in三个词的区别:
    Use “用”(东西) Eg: I use this pen t write. “我用这支笔写字”
    With “用” (工具/身体部位等) Eg: I write with this pen. “我用这支笔写字”
    In “用” (语言/声音/材料等) Eg: I can give a talk in English. “我可以用英语演讲”
    What’s yur favurite ... ? “你最喜欢的...是什么?”
    Eg: What’s yur favurite seasn? “你最喜欢的季节是什么?”
    Free(形容词) “空闲的;免费的;自由的(freedm 名词 “自由”)”
    常用结构:be free = have time“有空”
    Be free t d sth. “自由地做某事”
    Full (形容词) (1) “忙的” -- free “空闲的”;
    “满的” -- empty “空的”
    “饱的” --hungry “饿的”
    常用短语:be full f ... = be filled with ... “充满;装满...”
    Eg: The bag is full f bks. = the bag is filled with bks.
    “这个包装满了书。”
    Hw cme? “为什么呢?”
    Have ... lessns “上...课”
    Eg: have an English lessn “上一节英语课”
    Have pian lessns “上钢琴课”
    What kind f... “什么种类的...”
    Have t “不得不(客观)”
    Must “必须(主观)”
    Grammar
    频率副词(频率从大到小):
    Always (总是100%); usually (通常); ften (经常); smetimes (有时); seldm (很少;表否定意义); hardly every (几乎从不); never (从不0%)
    hw开头的特殊疑问词组
    Hw ften “多久一次”--一般对频率提问;
    Hw sn “多久以后”--一般对in+时间段提问;
    Hw lng “多长时间”--一般对时间的长短提问;
    Hw far “多远” --一般对距离提问;
    Hw many “多少” --一般对可数名词的数量提问;
    Hw much “多少” --一般对不可数名词的数量或多少钱提问;
    Hw many times “多少次” -- 一般对次数提问
    知识点
    Sme time; smetime; smetimes; sme times的区别
    分开“一段时间”(sme time--用hw lng提问)
    相聚“某个时候”(smetime --用when提问)
    “有时”相聚加s (smetimes --用hw ften提问)
    “几次”分开加s (sme times --用hw many times)
    Hardly (副词) “几乎不”表否定意义
    Hard (形容词) “硬的/困难的” (副词) “努力地;猛烈地”
    Maybe(副词) “可能;也许”;may be (情态动词 + be动词原形) “可能是”
    Eg: Maybe yu are right. = Yu may be right. “你可能是对的。”
    Stay up late “熬夜”
    At least “至少”; at mst “最多”
    Have breakfast “吃早饭”; have a gd breakfast “吃一顿好的早饭”
    注意:吃早午晚饭时,常常不用a/an修饰;但当有形容词修饰早午晚饭时,可以用a/an
    Be busy with sth. = be busy ding sth. “忙于做某事”
    Eg: I am busy with hmewrk. = I am busy ding hmewrk.
    “我在忙着写作业。”
    G t bed early “早点儿睡觉”
    Play sprts = d sprts “进行体育活动”
    After schl “放学后”
    Sectin B
    Junk fd “垃圾食物”
    Drink milk = have milk “喝牛奶”
    Be gd fr ... “对...有好处/有益” -- 反义词be bad fr... “对...有害”
    Be gd at... = d well in ... “对...有益”
    Be gd with ... “擅长与...打交道”
    Be gd t ... “对...很好”
    Health (名) “健康” 其派生词:healthy (形容词) “健康的”-- healthily (副词) “健康地”-- unhealthy(形容词) “不健康的”
    常见结构:keep/stay/be healthy = keep/stay/be in gd health “保持健康”
    In ne’s free time “在某人的空闲时间”
    Ask (动词) “问” 其反义词为 answer (动词) “回答”
    常见短语:ask sb. fr/abut sth. “向某人询问某事”
    Ask sb.t d sth. “要求某人做某事”
    Here is/are ... “这是...”
    该句式为倒装句:如果主语时代词则为部分倒装;如果主语时名词则为完全倒装
    Eg: Here it is. “它在这”(部分倒装)
    Here is the bus. “公交车在这”(全部倒装)
    Result (名词) “结果”
    常见结构:as a result “结果是”;
    as a result f = because f “由于”;
    the result f ... “...的结果” (f后的名词决定谓语动词的单复数)
    基数词 + percent f ... “百分之...”
    Eg: fifteen percent f ur students “百分之十五的学生”
    Fur r six times “五六次”
    Nt... at all “根本不”; Nt at all. “没关系;不客气”
    Eg: I dn’t like apples at all. “我根本不喜欢苹果。”
    G nline “去上网”
    The answers t ... “...的答案”
    The key t the dr “门上的钥匙”
    Althugh = thugh “尽管”,引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用
    The mst ppular “最受欢迎的”;
    be ppular with “受...欢迎”
    It is + 形容词 (+fr/f sb.)+ t d sth. “(对某人来说)做某事...”
    Eg: It is gd t relax. “放松是好的。”
    By (介词) (1) “通过” by ding sth. “通过做某事”
    “乘...” by + 交通工具
    “到...时” by + 时间
    “在...旁边” by + 地点
    Shw (名) “表演/秀” Eg: talk shw “脱口秀”
    (动) “出示/展示” shw sb. sth. = shw sth. t sb. “给某人看某物”
    Shw sb. Arund 带领某人参观
    The best way t d sth. “做某事最好的办法”
    Thrugh/acrss/ver “穿过”的区别:
    thrugh指从内部穿过 Eg: thrugh the cluds “穿过云层”
    acrss指从表面穿过 Eg: acrss the street “过马路”
    ver指从上方越过 Eg: ver the bridge “从桥顶过”
    Mind(名词) “头脑;心智”
    常用结构:change ne’s mind 改变某人的主意
    Make up ne’s mind 下决心
    In ne’s mind 在某人心里/看来
    Keep ne’s mind n sth. 专心于某事
    Keep ... in mind 牢记
    Mind(动词) “介意”
    常用结构:mind ding sth. “介意做某事”
    Eg: Wuld yu mind (my) pening the windw? “你介意我打开窗户吗?”
    Such as + ding sth. “例如...”
    Spend time with sb. “和某人共度时光”
    英语中的花费:spend/ take/ pay/ cst区别:
    花时间做某事
    人 + spend + 时间 + ding sth. = It takes 人(宾格)+ 时间 + t d sth.
    Eg: I spend tw hurs cleaning the rm.
    = It takes me tw hurs t clean the rm.
    “我花了两小时打扫房间。”
    花钱买某物
    人 + spend + 钱 + n + 某物 = 人 + pay + 钱 + fr + 某物 = 物 + cst + 人(宾格)+ 钱
    Eg: I spend twenty yuan n this bk.
    = I pay twenty yuan fr this bk.
    = This bk csts me twenty yuan.
    “我花二十元买这本书。”
    Tgether with ... “和...一起”
    Get tgether “聚在一起”
    Old habits die hard. “旧习难改。”
    Die (动词) “死” (过去式died; 现在分词dying)
    Death (名词) “死亡”
    Dead (形容词) “已故的;死的”
    Dying (形容词) “垂死的;奄奄一息的”
    Be late fr ... “迟到...”
    Writer (名词) “作家” -- write (动词) “写”
    Draw pictures “画画”
    G t the dentist “去看牙医”
    16 - year - ld “16岁的”(形容词短语)常作定语用来修饰名词
    “基数词 + 单数名词 + 形容词/名词” 构成复合形容词
    Tw - hur - ride “两小时路程”
    Mre than = ver “超过;多于”
    Teeth cleaning “牙齿清洁”
    Be afraid f ding sth. = be afraid t d sth. “害怕做某事”
    Almst = nearly “几乎;将近”
    Nne (三者或三者以上)“都不”;neither (两者)“都不”
    Nne “没有一个人/物”,常用Hw many/ hw much提问
    N ne = nbdy “没有人”,常用wh提问
    Less than “少于”
    Pint (名词) “分数”
    Pint(动词) “指” pint at “指责”; pint t “指向”;pint ut “指出”
    Unit 3 I’m mre utging than my sister.
    Sectin A
    Bth“ (两者) 都”,常常与and和f连用,作主语时谓语动词用复数
    All “(三者或三者以上) 都”,可与f连用,作主语时谓语动词用复数
    Eg: Bth Lily and Lucy are frm America.
    露西和莉莉都来自美国。
    Bth f them are frm America.
    他们两个都来自美国。
    All f them are frm America.
    他们都来自美国。
    Play the drum “敲鼓”
    Better “更好的”
    是gd/ well的比较级
    Quietly(副词) “安静地” -- quiet (形容词) “安静的”
    Ludly (副词) “大声地” -- lud (形容词) “喧闹的”
    Alud、lud、ludly的区别:
    alud (副词) “大声地;出声地”,常与read, think, call, cry, shut等动词连用,不能用比较级
    Lud (形容词) “喧闹的;响亮的”,指音量比平常大得多,发出音量大,传得远的声音
    Ludly (副词) “大声地;响亮地”,指声音响亮,高声说话,一般放在所修饰的动词后面。
    Shrt hair “短发”
    Heavy (形容词) “(物体)重的”、“(交通)繁忙的”、“(雨/雪)大的”
    Eg: The bx is heavy. 这个箱子很重。
    The traffic is heavy. 交通拥挤。
    The rain is heavy. 雨很大。
    That’s Tara, isn’t it? “那是塔拉,对不对?”
    反意疑问句由两部分组成,前一部分是对事物的陈述(为陈述句),后一部分是简短的提问(为简短疑问句),中间用逗号隔开,常常遵循“前肯后否,前否后肯”的原则。两部分的人称和时态要一致。回答以事实为依据(肯定事实用yes, 否定事实用n)
    Eg: He can sing ,can’t he? (他会唱歌,对不对?)
    He desn’t like apples, des he? (他不喜欢苹果,对不对?)
    注意:当陈述部分有否定意义的,如never, hardly, seldm, few, little等,则后面用肯定结构。
    Eg: They have never been t Shanghai, have they? (他们从没去过上海,对不对?)
    Yes, they have. (是的,他们没去过)/ N, they haven’t (不,他们去过)
    Friendly (形容词) “友好的” -- friend (名词) “朋友”
    Be friendly t ... “对某人友好”
    Eg: She is friendly t me. “她对我很友好。”
    Hard - wrking (形容词) “工作努力的”
    Hard wrk (名词短语) “辛苦的工作”
    Wrk hard (动词短语) “努力工作”
    run fast 跑得快; jump high 跳得高;
    Singing cmpetitin “歌唱比赛”
    Cmpetitin (名词) “比赛” -- cmpete (动词) “比赛” -- cmpetitr (名词) “竞争者”
    Sing well “唱得好”
    Well 为副词的好,常常用来修饰动词,而gd为形容词性的好,常常用来修饰名词
    Eg: Lily is a clever girl, she studies well. 莉莉是个聪明的女孩,她学习很好。
    Which ne “哪一个”
    One与it的区别:
    One指代同类中的不同一个,it指代同类中的同一个
    Eg: Yur bk is useful, I want ne. 你的书很有用,我想要一个。
    Yur bk is useful, I want it. 你的书很有用,我想要它。
    with “和...一起” Eg: I g t schl with him. “我和他一起去上学。”
    “随着” Eg: with time passing by “随着时间的流逝”
    “带着” Eg: The teacher came in with a bk. “老师带着一本书进来了。”
    “长着” Eg: The girl with big eyes “长着大眼睛的女孩”
    “用” Eg: The by writes with a pencil. “这个男孩用铅笔写字。”
    Clear (形容词) “清楚的;清晰的”-- clearly (副词) “清晰地”
    Win (动词) “赢” -- winner (名词) “获胜者”
    Win与beat区别:
    Win “赢得”后面接项目/奖品/战争等
    Beat “打败”后面接对手、团队等
    The mst imprtant thing is t learn smething new and have fun.
    最重要的事是学习新的东西玩得高兴。
    T learn smething new and have fun为动词不定式,在此处作表语。
    Have fun = have a gd time
    = enjy neself “玩得高兴”
    Have fun ding sth. “做某事有乐趣”
    Grammar
    形容词/副词级的变化:英语中形容词、副词分三个级,分别为原级、比较级和最高级
    其变化规则为:

    不规则变化
    比较级的常见用法:
    “形容词/副词比较接 + than” “...比...更...”
    Eg: Tina is taller than Tara. 缇娜比塔拉更高。
    Tara gets up earlier than Tina. 塔拉比缇娜起得早。
    Which/Wh is 比较级, A r B?
    Eg: Which bk is better, this ne r that ne? 哪本书更好,这本还是那本?
    “比较级 + and + 比较级”或“mre and mre + 原级”
    Eg: cler and cler “越来越凉快”
    Mre and mre beautiful “越来越漂亮”
    “The + 比较级, the + 比较级” “越...就越...”
    Eg: The harder yu study, the better grades yu will get.
    你学习越努力,你就会得到越好的成绩。
    比较级的修饰词
    Much/ a lt/ far + 比较级 “...得多”
    A little/ a bit + 比较级 “稍微...”
    Even + 比较级 “甚至...”
    原级比较:
    肯定式:“as + 形容词/副词原级 + as” “与...一样”
    否定式:“nt as/s ... as...” “不如...”
    Eg: He is as friendly as his brther. “他像他哥哥一样友好。”
    He is nt as/s friendly as his brther. “他不如他哥哥友好。”
    Sectin B
    Be talented in ... “在某方面有天赋”
    Talent (名词) “天资;天赋” -- talented (形容词) “有才能的”
    The same as ... “和...一样” -- (反义词)be different frm ... “与...不同”
    D the same things as me “和我做一样的事”
    Be gd at ... = d well in ... “擅长...”
    True (形容词) “真的” -- truly (副词) “真正;确实” -- truth (名词) “事实”
    Care abut ... “关心;在意”
    Make sb. d sth. “让某人做某事”
    Make sb. + 形容词 “使某人处于某种状态”
    Make sb. sth. = make sth. fr sb. “为某人制作某物”
    Eg: The mvie makes me cry all the time. “这个电影让我一直哭。”
    The mvie makes me happy. “这个电影让我快乐。”
    She made me a bx.
    = She made a bx fr me. “她为我做了一个盒子。”
    Laugh at ... “嘲笑...”;
    Listener (名词) “聆听者” -- listen (动词) “听”
    Be serius abut ... “对...认真”
    tell sb. sth. = tell sth. t sb. “告诉某人某事”;
    Tell sb. (nt) t d sth. “告诉某人(不)做某事”
    Tell stries “讲故事”; tell a lie “说谎”
    Like a mirrr “像一面镜子”
    Like (动词) “喜欢”-- dislike (动词) “不喜欢”
    Like (介词) “像” -- unlike (介词) “不像”
    Kid (名词) “小孩” (动词) “开玩笑”
    That’s why + 句子 “那就是...的原因”
    Eg: That’s why I like reading bks. “那就是我喜欢读书的原因。”
    Enjy ding sth. “喜欢做某事/享受做某事”
    Eg: She enjys reading bks. “她喜欢读书。”
    Make friends with sb. “与某人交朋友”
    It is + 形容词 + fr sb.(事物特征)/ f sb. (人物性格/品质)+ t d sth.
    “对某人来说做某事是...”
    Eg: It isn’t easy fr me t make friends. “对于我来说交朋友是不容易的。”
    As lng as “只要”
    Yu dn’t need a lt f them as lng as they’re gd. “朋友不在多而贵在好。”
    Necessary (形容词) “必要的” -- unnecessary (形容词) “不必要的”
    Bring ut the best/wrst in sb. “把某人最好/最糟的一面表现出来”
    Less + 形容词/副词 + than ... “不如...”
    Get gd grades “取得好成绩”
    Saying (名词) “俗话”
    As the saying ges “俗话说”
    Reach fr ne’s hand “伸手抓某人一把”
    Reach (动词) “伸手;到达”
    Reach + 地点 = get t + 地点
    = arrive in + 大地点/ arrive at + 小地点
    Tuch (动词) “感动;触摸”
    Keep/ get in tuch with ... “保持/取得联系”
    Heart (名词) “心”
    常见短语:lse heart “丧失勇气”
    Put ne’s heart int sth. “用全部精力去做某事”
    In fact = actually “事实上”
    Break (动词) “打碎;坏掉;违反;” (名词) “休息;暂停”
    Break ut 爆发
    Break up 打碎;分手
    Break int 强行进入;闯入
    Break ff 打断说话
    Break dwn 出故障
    Break int pieces 碎成一片
    Break the rule 打破规则
    Have a break 休息一下
    Talk abut sth. 谈论某事
    Share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物
    Be there (fr) sb. 随叫随到;不离左右
    Be similar in ... 在...方面相似
    Student Helper Wanted 招聘学生助手
    Primary schl 小学
    Middle schl 中学
    Senir high schl 高中
    Be gd with sb. 善于与某人相处
    Call sb. at + 电话号码 “拨打找某人”
    Eg: Call me at 123456. “拨打123456找我”
    Infrmatin (不可数名词) “消息”
    A piece f infrmatin “一条消息”
    Unit 4 What’s the best mvie theater?
    Sectin A
    A mvie theater = cinema “电影院”
    Cmfrtable (形容词) “舒服的” -- uncmfrtable (形容词) “不舒服的”
    Seat (名词) “座位”
    Bk a seat 预定座位; take/have a seat = sit dwn 坐下
    Big screen 大屏幕
    Clse(形容词) “接近的;亲密的” (动词) “关闭”
    Clsed (形容词) “关闭的” -- pen (动词) “打开”(形容词) “开着的”
    常用短语:(be) clse t 离...近; be far frm 距离...远
    Eg: The dr is clsed. 门关着。
    We are clse friends. 我们是亲密的朋友。
    We live clse t ur parents 我们住得离父母近。
    Buy tickets “买票”; the ticket t... “...的票”
    Near here 在附近
    Radi statin 广播站
    Cheaply (副词) “便宜地” -- cheap (形容词) “便宜的”
    Cheaply -- mre cheaply(比较级) -- mst cheaply (最高级)
    Cheap -- cheaper (比较级) -- cheapest (最高级)
    Sing a sng 唱歌
    Chse (动词) “选择” -- chice (名词) “选择”
    Chse t d sth. 选择做某事
    Chse frm ... 从...中选择
    Make a chice 做选择
    Eg: Yu can chse t g by bus. 你可以选择坐公车去。
    Carefully (副词) “小心地” -- careful (形容词) “小心的” -- careless (形容词) “粗心的”
    Reprter (名词) “记者” -- reprt (动词) “报道”
    Ask sme questins 回答一些问题
    In twn 在城镇
    Think s 这样想
    Welcme (名词) “欢迎” (动词) “欢迎”
    Welcme (back)t + 地点 “欢迎(回)到...”
    Give sb. a warm welcme “热烈欢迎某人”
    Eg: Welcme t Beijing. 欢迎来到北京。
    They give me a warm welcme. 他们热烈欢迎我。
    Hw d yu like = Hw d yu feel abut = What d yu think
    你认为...怎么样?
    S far 到目前为止
    On Center Street 在中心街
    Thanks fr (ding) sth. = Thank yu fr (ding) sth. 因(做)某事而感谢某人
    Thanks t... “多亏;由于”
    Eg: Thanks fr helping me. 感谢你帮我。
    Thanks t yur help, I can finish my wrk. 多亏你的帮忙,我可以完成我的工作。
    N prblem. “不用谢 = Yu’re welcme. = Nt at all.”; “没问题”
    Grammar
    形容词/副词最高级变化规则见Unit3语法
    形容词/副词最高级用法:
    The 形容词/副词最高级 + 比较范围(常用in/f/amng等) “用于表示三者或三者以上范围中最...”
    Eg: Chin is the ldest cuntry in the wrld. 中国是世界上最古老的国家。
    Tny runs fastest in ur class. 托尼是我们班跑得最快的。
    One f + the 形容词最高级 + 名词复数。 注意:作主语时谓语动词常用单数。
    Eg: Shanghai is ne f the biggest cities in ur cuntry. 上海是我们国家最大的城市。
    The 序数词 + 最高级
    Eg: Africa is the secnd largest cntinent in the wrld. 非洲是世界上第二大洲。
    Which is + the + 形容词最高级, A, B r C?
    Eg: Which is the mst delicius, juice, cffee r tea?
    注意:形容词最高级前常有the,副词最高级前的the可以省略。但当形容词前有物主代词或名词所有格修饰时可以省略the
    Eg: Lily is my best friend. 丽丽是我最好的朋友。
    知识点
    Service (名词) “服务” -- serve (动词) “为...服务” -- servant (名词) “仆人”
    Pretty (形容词) “漂亮的” (副词) “相当;很 = very/ quite”
    Nt ... at all. “一点也不;根本不”
    She desn’t like apples at all. 她根本不喜欢苹果。
    Nt at all. “不客气”
    Act (动词) “扮演” -- actr (名词) “男演员” -- actress (名词) “女演员”
    -- actin (名词) “行动” -- active (形容词) “活跃的” -- activity (名词) “活动”
    10 minutes by bus = 10 minutes’ bus ride 坐公共汽车10分钟的路程
    该短语用来表示距离,常用hw far提问
    Sectin B
    Creative (形容词) “有创造力的” -- create (动词) “创造;创作”
    Perfrmer (名词) “演员” -- perfrm (动词) “表演” -- perfrmance (名词) “表演”
    Gt Talent 达人秀; talent shw 才艺表演
    Talent (名词) “天赋” -- talented (形容词) “有才能的”
    常见短语:have a talent fr ... = be talented in ... “在某方面有天赋”
    Eg: The girl has a talent fr music. = The girl is talented in music.
    这个女孩在音乐方面有天赋。
    Be gd at... 擅长...
    Watch sb. d sth. 看见某人做某事
    Watch sb. ding sth. 看见某人正在做某事
    Mre and mre ppular 越来越受欢迎
    Arund the wrld = all ver the wrld 全世界
    Such as 例如
    Have ... in cmmn 有相同特征
    Lk fr 寻找
    Magician (名词) “魔术师” -- magic (名词) “魔术”
    and s n 等等
    All kinds f... 各种各样的...
    Jin 加入某一组织、团队等成为其中一员
    Take part in 参加某一活动,如比赛、运动会等
    Beautifully (副词) “美丽地” -- beautiful (形容词) “美丽的” -- beauty (名词) “美丽”
    Be up t sb. 由某人决定
    Eg: This is up t yu. 这由你决定。
    Play a rle in + ding sth. “在...方面发挥作用”
    Get a very gd prize “获得丰厚奖品”
    Nt everybdy “不是某个人”
    部分否定:
    nt与every及含有every的不定代词连用,译为“并不是每个...都”
    Nt与all连用,译为“并不是所有的都”
    Nt与bth连用,译为“两个并不都”
    The lives f ... “...的生活”
    Make up 编造;化妆;和解;弥补
    Fr example 例如
    Pr (形容词) “贫穷的” -- rich (形容词) “富有的”
    The pr 穷人; the rich 富人;
    The + 形容词表示一类人,作主语时,谓语动词用复数
    Eg: The ld need t be lked after well. 老人需要被好好照顾。
    Take ... seriusly 认真对待...
    Give sb. sth. = give sth. t sb. 给某人某物
    注意:如果双宾语均为代词,则只能用give sth. t sb. 结构
    Eg: Please give it t me. 请把它给我。
    Please give the bk t me. = Please give me the bk. 请把那本书给我。
    常用搭配:give up 放弃;give ut 分发; give away 赠送;give in 屈服;
    give back 归还;give ff 发出(气味/光/热等); give sb. a hand 帮某人一把
    Cme true 实现
    Crwded (形容词) “拥挤的” -- crwd (动词) “使...拥挤” crwd (名词) “人群”
    Be crwded with 挤满了
    The best place t d sth. 做某事的好地方
    Finish ding sth. 结束做某事
    Meet friends 见朋友
    Street perfrmers 接头表演者
    One f the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 “最...的...之一”作主语时,谓语动词用单数
    Eg: She is ne f the cleverest students in my class. 她是我班最聪明的学生之一。
    Take walks 去散步
    Rest (动词) “休息” (名词) “休息”
    Rest = have a rest 休息
    Unit 5 D yu want t watch a game shw?
    Sectin A
    What d yu think f ... ? = Hw d yu feel abut = Hw d yu like
    “你觉得...怎么样?”
    Shw (名词) Shw (名) “表演/秀” Eg: talk shw “脱口秀”
    (动) “出示/展示” shw sb. sth. = shw sth. t sb. “给某人看某物”
    Shw sb. Arund 带领某人参观
    Mind(名词) “头脑;心智”
    常用结构:change ne’s mind 改变某人的主意
    Make up ne’s mind 下决心
    In ne’s mind 在某人心里/看来
    Keep ne’s mind n sth. 专心于某事
    Keep ... in mind 牢记
    Never mind. 别介意
    Mind(动词) “介意”
    常用结构:mind (ne’s) ding sth. “介意(某人)做某事”
    Eg: Wuld yu mind (my) pening the windw? “你介意我打开窗户吗?”
    Sap pera 肥皂剧; Sprts shw 体育节目;
    Game shw 游戏类节目; talent shw 才艺类节目
    News (不可数名词) “新闻”
    A piece f news 一条新闻
    Stand (动词) “站立;忍受”
    常见短语:stand up 起立; stand fr 代表;stand ut 引人注目;
    Can’t stand (ding) sth. 无法忍受(做)某事。
    Let’s = let us 让我们
    常见结构:let sb. (nt) d sth. “让某人(不)做某事”
    Eg: Let him stay alne fr a while. 让他单独待一会。
    Learn ... frm... “从...获得...”;“向...学习”
    Learn abut sth. “了解某事”
    Educatinal (形容词) “有教育意义的” 、
    派生词:educate (动词) “教育”;educatin (名词) “教育”
    Plan (动词/名词) “计划”
    常见短语:plan t d sth. “计划做某事”
    Make a plan “制定计划”
    Eg: They plan t g t Beijing fr vacatin. 他们计划去北京度假。
    Yu shuld make a plan befre yu start. 你应该在开始之前制定计划。
    Hpe (动词) “希望”
    派生词:hpeful (形容词) “有希望的”-- hpeless (形容词) “无望的”
    常用结构:
    (1)hpe t d sth. = hpe + that 从句 “希望做某事”
    Eg: I hpe t visit Beijing sme day. = I hpe that I can visit Beijing sme day.
    “我希望有一天可以参观北京。”
    I hpe s. 我希望如此。
    I hpe nt. 我希望不会。
    注意:(1)切记不可用hpe sb. t d sth. 的结构
    (2)hpe t d sth. 通常指可以实现的希望做某事;而wish t d sth. 通常指难以实现的希望做某事。Wish 可以有wish sb. t d sth. 结构,译为“希望某人做某事”
    Find ut 查明;弄清
    What’s ging n 发生了什么
    Arund the wrld = all ver the wrld 全世界
    Have a discussin abut sth. “就某事进行一场讨论”
    Have a discussin with sb. “和某人进行一场讨论”
    Discussin (名词) “讨论” -- discuss (动词) “讨论”
    Happen (动词) “发生”
    常见结构:(1)sth. + happen in/n 时间/地点 “某事发生在某时/某地”
    Eg: The car accident happened n March 10th. 这场车祸发生在三月十日。
    sth. + happen t sb. “某事发生在某人身上”
    Eg: A car accident happened t him. “他发生了车祸。”
    Sb. + happen t d sth. “某人碰巧做某事”
    Eg: She happened t meet Judy n the street. “她碰巧在街上遇见了朱迪。”
    注意:happen常指偶然发生的事;而take place常指按计划发生的事
    Expect (动词) “期待”
    常见短语:expect (sb.) t d sth. “期待某人做某事”
    派生词: expectatin (名词) “期待” -- unexpected (形容词) “出乎预料的”
    One day 有一天
    Grammar
    动词不定式作宾语:是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“t + 动词原形”。其中t知识一种符号,并非为介词。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、宾语和状语等。
    动词不定式作宾语的用法:
    常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:want, hpe, decide, chse, wuld like, like, plan, fail等
    Eg: I decided t g t Beijing by plane. 我决定坐飞机去北京。
    Knw, ask, shw, teach, guess, find ut, understand等动词短语后可用“疑问句+动词不定式”结构
    Eg: Please teach me hw t learn English well. 请教我如何学好英语。
    Like, lve, begin, start等动词后即可接动词不定式,也可接动名词,意义上差别不大。
    Eg: I like singing but I dn’t like t sing . 我喜欢唱歌,但我现在不想唱歌。
    “Find, think, feel + it + 形容词 + 动词不定式”结构,其中it为形式宾语,动词不定式为真正主语。
    Eg: I find it difficult t learn English. 我发现学英语很难。
    知识点
    Jke (名词) “笑话”
    常见短语:tell a jke 讲笑话; play a jke n sb. “开某人的玩笑”
    Sectin B
    Meaningless (形容词) “毫无意义的”
    派生词:mean (动词) “意味着;意思是” -- meaning (名词) “意思”
    -- meaningful (形容词) “有意义的”
    Actin mvie 动作片
    Scary mvie 恐怖片
    Think f 认为
    Be famus fr “因...而出名”; be famus as “作为...而出名”; be famus t “为...所熟知”
    Eg: The twn is famus fr apples. 这个城镇因苹果而出名。
    Lu Xun is famus as a writer. 鲁迅是作为专家而出名。
    He is famus t yung peple. 他为年轻人所熟知。
    The symbl f... ...的象征
    Appear (动词) “出现”
    派生词:disappear (动词) “消失” -- appearance (名词) “出现;外貌”
    Cme ut 出版;出来;开花;泄露
    Sund “声音”(指自然界中所有的声音)
    Vice “嗓音”(指人的声音或悦耳的鸟鸣声)
    Nise “噪音”(让人身体不舒服的声音)
    Rich (形容词) “富有的” -- (反义词) “贫穷的”
    常见结构:the rich “富人”; be rich in ... “富含...”
    Successful (形容词) “成功的”
    派生词:success (名词) “成功” -- succeed (动词) “成功” -- successfully (副词) “成功地”
    常见结构:be successful in ding sth. = succeed in ding sth. “成功做某事”
    Eg: He was successful in finishing the wrk. = He succeeded in finishing the wrk.
    他成功的完成了这项工作。
    In the 1930s “在20世纪30年代”
    In the + 整十年-s/’s “在...世纪...年代”
    One f the main reasns 主要原因之一
    Fr this reasn 由于这个原因
    The/a reasn fr (ding) sth. (做)某事的理由
    Face (名词) “脸” make a face “做鬼脸”;lse face “丢脸”
    (动词) “面对” face t face “面对面”
    Danger (名词) “危险” -- dangerus (形容词) “危险的”
    常见短语: In danger 处于危险中
    Unlucky (形容词) “不幸的”
    派生词:luck (名词) “幸运” -- lucky (形容词) “幸运的” --luckily (副词) “幸运地”
    Such as 例如
    Be ready t d sth. “准备好做某事;乐于做某事”
    Be ready fr sth. “为...做好准备”
    Eg: I am ready t fight fr cuntry. 我准备好为祖国而战斗。
    She is ready t help thers. 她乐于助人。
    Try ne’s best t d sth. “尽全力做某事”
    Eg: I will try my best t get gd grades. “我会尽全力取得好成绩。”
    Mst f... ...的大多数
    Simple (形容词) “简单的” -- simply (副词) “仅仅;只”
    A pair f ... “一双/对...”
    Eg: a pair f shes “一双鞋”
    Cme frm = be frm “来自”
    Eg: He cmes frm Shanghai. = He is frm Shanghai. “他来自上海。”
    Dress up like/as + 人 “装扮成某人(的样子)”
    Dress up in + 衣服 “穿...衣服;打扮”
    Take ne’s place = take the place f “代替”
    In the army “在部队中”
    D a gd jb “干得好”
    Shw ne’s lve fr ... “表达对...的爱”
    Smething enjyable “令人愉快的东西”
    注意:形容词在修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词之后
    Smething interesting “有趣的事”
    Unit 6 I’m ging t study cmputer science.
    Sectin A
    Want t be .. 想要成为...
    What d yu want t be when yu grw up 当你长大的时候想要做什么?
    其中when引导的是时间状语从句,译为“当...时候”
    Grw up 长大
    Cmputer prgrammer 计算机程序设计员
    Driver (名词) “司机” -- drive (动词) “驾驶” drive t + 地点 “开车去某地”
    Basketball player 篮球运动员
    Player (名词) “玩家;选手” -- play (动词) “玩;演奏;播放”
    Ck (名词) “厨师” (动词) “煮” -- cker (名词) “厨具”
    Eg: The ck is cking with this cker. 这位厨师正用这个厨具做饭。
    Take acting lessns 上表演课
    Take ... lessns 上...课
    Practice ding sth. 练习做某事
    The Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway 由海明威所著的《老人与海》
    By sb. “由某人所著”
    Be gd at (ding) sth. “擅长(做)某事”
    Keep n ding sth. “继续做某事”
    Keep(动词) “保持;继续;记录;管理;存放;养育”
    常见用法:(1) keep ding sth. 一直做某事
    Keep + 形容词/名词 keep quiet保持安静/keep a diary 记日记
    Keep + 名词 + 形容词 “使某物保持某种状态”
    Eg: Yu must keep the rm clean. 你必须保持房间干净。
    Of curse. = Sure. = Certainly. 当然
    Be sure abut ... 确信;对...有把握
    Be sure t d sth. 一定会做某事
    Make sure 确保;查明
    Dn’t wrry. 别担心。
    Wrry abut sth. = be wrried abut sth. “担心某事”
    Nt everyne “不是每个人”, 此为部分否定
    Grammar
    be ging t + 动词原形
    Be ging t + 动词原形结构可以用来表示将要发生的事,或打算、计划或决定要做的事
    注意:在将含有该结构的句子进行句型转换时在be动词上进行变化就可以。
    Eg: He is ging t study hard next term. 下学期他打算努力学习。
    -- 否定句:He isn’t ging t study hard next term.
    -- 一般疑问句: Is he ging t study hard next term?
    -- 肯定回答:Yes, he is. 否定句:N, he isn’t.
    -- 特殊疑问句: What are yu ging t d next term?
    知识点
    Mve t + 地点 “搬到...”
    Finish high schl “高中毕业”
    Finish ding sth. “结束做某事”
    Race car driver “赛车手”
    G t a cking schl “上烹饪课”
    At a university “在大学里”
    G t cllege “去大学”
    University与cllege区别:
    University主要指综合性本科大学,一般由多个学院组成。
    Cllege多指大学内的学院,专科高等学校。
    Take sme medicine “吃药”
    Next September “明年九月”
    Write articles “写文章”
    Send (动词) “邮寄;发送”
    常用结构:(1) send sb. sth. = send sth. t sb. “给某人寄某物”
    Send sb.t d sth. “派某人去做某事”
    Sectin B
    Make reslutins 下决心
    Learn t d sth. 学习做某事
    Play the pian 弹钢琴
    注意:play 后加球类或棋牌类时无定冠词;play后加西洋乐器需加定冠词the
    Play sccer 踢足球; play the guitar 弹吉他
    Make the sccer team 成为足球队的一员
    Get gd grades 取得好成绩
    Get exercise 做锻炼
    Sund + 形容词 “听起来...”
    Sund like ... “听起来像...”
    Eg: Sunds interesting “听起来有趣”
    Sunds like a gd plan. “听起来是一个好计划。”
    Anther freign language “另外一门外语”
    Freign (形容词) “外国的” -- freigner (名词) “外国人”
    Be able t d sth. “能够做某事”
    Make yurself a better persn “使你自己成为一个更好的人”
    Have t 不得不
    Find time t d sth. 找时间做某事
    The start f... ...开始
    A kind f ... 一种...
    Prmise (名词) “诺言” (动词) “许诺”
    常见结构: (1) make/keep/break a prmise “许下/遵守/违背诺言”
    (2) prmise t d sth. “许诺做某事”
    (3) prmise sb. sth. “许诺某人某事”
    Tidy (动词) “打扫” tidy... up “打扫...”
    Get back frm ... “从...回来”
    At the beginning f ... “在...开始”
    Imprve (动词) “提高;改善”-- imprvement (名词) “改善”
    Write dwn = take/put dwn “写下”
    The cming year “来年”
    Wish (动词) “希望;想要”
    Wish t d sth. “希望做某事”
    Wish sb. t d sth. “希望某人做某事”
    Wish sb. Sth. “祝福某人某事”
    Wish (名词) “愿望”(常指难以实现的愿望)
    Best wishes t yu! 向你致以美好的祝福。
    Different kinds f ... “不同种类的...”
    Physical health “身体健康”
    Have t d with .. “关于;与...有关”
    Take up “学着做;开始做”
    Make a weekly plan fr ... “为...制定周计划”
    Have ... in cmmn “有...共同之处”
    T + 形容词 + t d sth. “太...而不能做某事”
    Eg: The bx is t heavy t lift it. 这个箱子太重不能举起它。
    Frget abut sth. “忘记某事”
    Fr this reasn “由于这个原因”
    The meaning f ... “...的意思”
    Discuss with ... “和...讨论”
    On ne’s wn = by neself “独自”
    Of ne’s wn “自己的”
    Imprve ne’s relatinships with sb. “改善与某人的关系”
    Unit 7 Will peple have rbts?
    Sectin A
    In peple’s hmes 在人们的家中
    Every与each的区别:
    each着重于个别的含义,强调整体范围内的“每一个个体”;every着重于整体的含义,强调整体范围内的“每一个都”,和all的意思相近。
    Eg: Each student has a new bk. 每个学生都有一本新书。(强调每个)
    Every girl has a new dress. 所有女孩都有一条新连衣裙。(强调所有)
    each可以用来指两个或两个人以上的人或物,但every却是指三个或三个以上的人或物,不能指两个。
    Every只能作定语,each不仅可以作定语,而且能作主语和同位语,此时each作代词。
    Eg: Each has his wn name. 每个人都有自己的名字。
    They each put frward a prpsal. 他们每人提出一条建议。
    Each和every后的动词必须用单数。
    Each作代词时,后面可以接介词f,而every则不可以接介词。
    Eg: Each f us likes English. 我们中每个人都喜欢英语。
    Study at hme n cmputers 在家用电脑学习
    Use mney 用钱
    Use (动) “使用” use sth. t d sth. “使用某物做某事”
    其派生词为:reuse(动) “重写使用”; useful (形容词) “有用的”;useless(形容词) “无用的”
    Mney (不可数名词) “钱”, 可以用sme, any, much, a lt f, little等修饰,且作主语时谓语动词用单数。
    Free(形容词) “空闲的;免费的;自由的(freedm 名词 “自由”)”
    常用结构:free time 自由时间
    be free = have time“有空”
    Be free t d sth. “自由地做某事”
    On paper 在纸上
    Paper (不可数名词) “纸,纸张”表示一张纸时 ,用 a piece f paper “一张纸”
    Papers (常以复数形式出现) 译为“论文”
    Live t be 200 years ld 活到200岁
    In 100 years “100年后”
    In + 数字 + years “在...年后”常用在一般将来时中,就其提问用hw sn开头
    Eg: -- Hw sn will yu finish yur high schl? 你多久后高中毕业?
    -- In tw years. 两年后。
    Fewer peple 更少的人
    Little/ a little/ few/ a few 区别
    Little “几乎没有”表否定意义,常用来修饰不可数名词
    A little “还有一点”表肯定意义,常用来修饰不可数名词
    Few “几乎没有”表否定意义,常用来修饰可数名词复数
    A few “还有一点”表肯定意义,常用来修饰可数名词复数
    Eg: We have little milk, let’s buy sme.
    We have a little milk, yu can drink it.
    We have a few apples, yu can eat it.
    We have few apples, let’s buy sme.
    Pllutin (名词) “污染” -- pllute (动词) “污染” -- plluted (形容词) “受污染的”
    常见搭配:air pllutin 空气污染; nise pllutin 噪音污染;water pllutin 水污染
    Take a subway t ... = g t ... by subway 坐地铁去...
    Be crwded 拥挤
    I dn’t think s. 我不这样认为。
    In the future 在未来
    What will the future be like? 将来会是什么样的?
    What + be动词 + 人/物 + like ? ...怎么样(常用来询问人的品格)?
    What + d/des + 人 + lk like? ...长什么样?(常用来询问人的外貌)
    Eg: What’s the weather like? 天气怎么样?
    -- What is she like ? -- She is friendly. --她是个什么样的人? -- 她很友好。
    -- What des she lk like? -- She has big eyes. --她长什么样? -- 她长着大眼睛。
    Be in great danger 处于极大的危险之中
    Danger (名) “危险” -- dangerus (形容) “危险的”
    In danger “处于危险中”
    Safety (名) “安全” -- safe (形容) “安全的”
    Have t 不得不
    Mve t ... 搬到...
    Other, the ther, thers, the thers与anther区别:
    Other “其他的;另外的”常作限定词使用,后面可以接名词
    The ther “两者中的另一个”为特指,常用结构为ne..., the ther... “一个...;另一个”
    Others 用于已知的一些人或物中,出去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分。译为“其他”为泛指,常用结构为sme..., thers... “一些...,另一些...”。Others = ther + 可数名词复数
    The thers用于指一定范围内出去一个或一部分后,余下的全部人或物。译为“其余的;其余全部”为特指,我们常用the thers = the ther + 可数名词复数
    Anther “另一个;再一个”为泛指,三者或三者以上中的另一个
    On the earth 在地球上
    Me, t. 我也是。
    Plant trees 种树
    Play a part in( + ding) sth. 参与(做)某事
    Save the earth 拯救地球
    Grammar
    一般将来时:
    通常用来表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也可表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。
    时间标志词为:tmrrw (明天), next week (下周), next year (明年), in the future (未来) 等
    常用结构:主语 + will + 动词原形 + 其他
    注意:其中will为助动词,故在变成否定句或疑问句时变动will即可
    Eg: -- We will study at hme in the future. 我们未来将在家中学习。
    -- We wn’t study at hme in the future. 我们未来不会在家学习。
    -- Will yu study at hme in the future? 我们未来会在家学习吗?
    There be 将来时:There will be ... “将有...”
    Eg: There will be a ftball match tmrrw. 明天将有一场足球赛。
    注意:
    在口语中,will常缩写为’ll, will nt常缩写成wn’t
    在表示“带意愿色彩的就将来”时,常用助动词will
    在疑问句中,主语为第一人称 ( I 和We)时,常用助动词shall
    在书面语中,主语为第一人称时,也可用助动词shall
    “Be ging t + 动词原形”,也可以表示将要发生的动作或安排,或计算、计划、决定要做的事
    知识点
    Wrld peace 世界和平
    D the same jbs as... 做与...一样的工作
    Build (动词) “建筑” -- building (名词) “建筑”
    Sectin B
    Space statin 太空站
    Train (名词) “火车” (动词) “训练”
    Acrss the street 横过街道
    Acrss 与 thrugh的区别:
    Acrss 指从物体这一侧穿越到另一侧;而thrugh指从物体内部穿过。
    Eg: The ld man is walking acrss the rad. “这个老人正在过马路。”
    The ld man is walking thrugh the frest. “这个老人从森林里走过。”
    Take the train t ... 坐火车去...
    Fly (动词) “飞;放飞” (名词) “苍蝇”
    常用短语:fly t ... “飞往...”
    Fly a kite “放风筝”
    Live in ... “住在...”
    Think like humans “像人一样思考”
    One’s wn + 名词 “某人自己的...”
    Watch mvies “看电影”
    Help with ... “帮忙...”
    help (动词/名词) 译为“帮助”
    作动词时用法:help sb. (t) d sth. = help sb. with sth. 译为“帮助某人做某事”
    Eg: Please help me (t) learn English.
    = Please help me with my English. 译为:“请帮我学英语。”
    作名词时用法:with the help f... 译为“在...的帮助下”
    Eg: I imprve my English with the help f my English teacher.
    译为“在我英语老师的帮助下提高了我的英语。”
    D simple jbs 做简单的工作
    Over and ver again 一遍又一遍
    Such + 名词; s + 形容词
    Eg: She is such a cute girl. = She is s cute. 她如此可爱。
    Get bred 感到无聊
    Make rbts lk like humans 使机器人看起来像人
    Lk like ... 看起来像...
    Eg: Yu lk like yur mther. 你看起来像你的妈妈。
    Be fun t d sth. 很开心做某事
    Believe (动词) “相信”后面可以加that从句
    Believe in + 人 “相信某人”
    It will be difficult t d sth. “多某事将很难”
    Fr example 例如
    Wake (sb.) up (把某人)叫醒
    Disagree with sb. 不同意某人
    Agree with sb. 同意某人
    Agree t d sth. 同意做某事
    In 25 t 50 years 在25至50年后
    It takes + 人+ 时间 + t d sth. “花某人多长时间做某事”
    Eg: It takes me tw hurs t finish the wrk. 我花了两小时完成这项工作。
    Hundreds f ... “数百的...”
    数字 + hundred “几百” tw hundred 两百
    Different shapes 不同形状
    Fall dwn 突然倒下;倒塌
    Lk fr “寻找”(强调找到动作)
    Find “找到”(强调找的结果)
    Eg: We lked fr the car everywhere, but we didn’t find it.
    我们到处找那辆车,但是我们没有找到它。
    Pssible (形容词) “可能的” -- impssible (形容词) “不可能的”
    seem多用作系动词和不及物动词,表示“似乎;好像;看来”的意思,在表示“感觉”的意思时,后面可以接“t be + 名词或形容词”、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词作表语。
    常见的固定搭配:seem t ... (看起来...); seem like sb./sth. (仿佛...似的);It seems that 从句
    Eg: He seems t breathe quickly. “他似乎呼吸的很快。”
    These bananas seem like “hands”. “这些香蕉看起来像‘手’。”
    It seems that he was ill yesterday. “昨天他似乎病了。”
    Many times 许多次
    At sme pint 在某种程度上
    As a reprter 作为一名记者
    Be gd fr... 对...有好处
    During the week 在工作日
    During与in区别:
    During 强调时间的延续,而in只能指一般性的某一时间
    Eg: Many peple suffered hardship during the war. 许多人在战争期间受苦遭难。
    He was injured in the war. 他在战争中受了伤。
    On weekends 在周末
    Fresh water 新鲜的水
    Clean air 干净的空气
    N ne 没有人
    N ne和nne的区别:
    nne即可指人又可指物;而n ne只能指人
    Nne作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可;n ne作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数
    Nne常用简略答语,可以与f连用;n ne只能单独使用,后面不可跟f
    Eg: -- Hw many peple are there? -- Nne. “--那有多少人? -- 没有人。”
    Nne f us want t see the mvie. “我们没有一个人看过这部电影。”
    There was n ne else here. “这里没有一个人。”
    Fly up int the sky 飞到天空中
    Unit 8 Hw d yu make a banana milk shake?
    Sectin A
    Make a banana milk shake 做香蕉奶昔
    Make sb. sth. = make sth. fr sb. 为某人做某事
    Shake (动词) “摇动;抖动”
    Shake ne’s head 摇头;
    Shake hands with sb. 与某人握手
    Pur ... int ... 把...倒入...中
    Pur ... ut f ... 把...倒出
    Cut up 切碎; cut dwn 砍倒; cut ff 切除;
    Cut ut 删除; cut in 插嘴; cut ... int pieces 把...切成片
    Peel the bananas 剥香蕉皮
    Turn n 打开; turn ff 关上; turn up 调高; turn dwn 调低;拒绝
    Turn ver 翻身; turn int 变成; turn t 转/翻到
    Put ... int ... 把...放入... 中
    Need
    作情态动词时,无人称和数的变化,后面接动词原形。
    Eg: She need g t schl at nce.
    译为:“她需要立刻去上学。”
    作实义动词时,后面常接动词不定式或动名词。
    常用结构为:need t d sth. “需要做某事”(表主动)
    Eg: She needs t g t schl at nce.
    译为:“她需要立刻去上学。”
    Need ding sth. “需要做某事”(表被动)
    Eg: The tree needs watering.
    译为:“这棵树需要被浇水。”
    One cup f ygurt 一杯酸奶
    Fruit salad 水果沙拉
    句子顺序连接词:First ... Next ... Then... Finally 首先...接下来...然后... 最后
    Buy sb. sth. = buy sth. fr sb. 给某人买某物
    Eg: My mum bught a bk fr me. = My mum bught me a bk. 我妈妈给我买了一本书。
    What’s next? 接下来做什么?
    Add... t ... 添加...到...
    Fr 30 minutes 持续30分钟
    就其提问常用hw lng开头
    Anther + 基数词 + 名词 = 基数词 + mre + 名词 “又/再/另...”
    Eg: anther tw apples = tw mre apples “再来两个苹果”
    That’s it? “这就结束了?”
    That’s it. “正式如此”;“问题就在这里”;“就这样了”
    One mre thing “还有一件事”
    Finally = at last = in the end 最后
    Remember (动) “记得” 其反义词为:frget “忘记”
    Remember/frget t d sth. “记得/忘记要去做某事”
    Remember/frget ding sth. “记得/忘记做过某事”
    Eg: Remember t add in the cst f drinks. “记住把饮料费加进去。”
    I remember clsing the dr. “我记得关门了。”
    Grammar
    不可数名词前可用a lt f/ lts f/ much/sme/ any/ a little/ little/n等修饰
    Eg: Sme water; much water; little water
    不可数名词量的表达:数词 + 量词 + f + 不可数名词
    Eg: a bttle f water 一瓶水;
    a piece f paper 一张纸;
    A piece f bread 一块面包
    a bar f chclate 一块巧克力
    Tw bags f rice 两袋米
    询问多少时:hw many + 可数名词复数; hw much + 不可数名词
    Eg: Hw many apples are there in the bx? 盒子里有多少苹果?
    Hw much water is there in the cup? 杯子里有多少水?
    祈使句:祈使句常用来表示命令、请求、建议等语气
    肯定祈使句常用动词原形开头;否定祈使句常用dn’t 开头
    Eg: Please turn n the TV. 请打开电视。
    Please dn’t pen the windw. 请不要开窗。
    Half a cup 半杯
    疑问词 + 动词不定式结构来代替整个句子
    Eg: Where t g 去哪; hw t d 如果做
    Plant a tree 种树
    Dig a hle 挖洞
    Make beef ndles 做牛肉面
    Wash clthes 洗衣服
    Take ut ... frm ... 从...中拿出...
    Sectin B
    Make a list f ... 列...的清单
    Traditinal (形容词) “传统的” -- traditin (名词) “传统”
    On special hlidays “在特殊的节日里”
    On the furth Thursday 在第四个星期四
    Fall n + 日期 落在/是 ...
    A time t d sth. 做某事的时间
    It’s time t d sth. = It’s time fr sth. 到了做某事的时间
    Eg: It’s time fr dinner. 晚饭时间到。
    Give thanks t sb. 对某人表示感谢
    Give thanks fr ... 因某事表示感谢
    In the autumn 在当年的秋天; in autumn 在秋天
    In life 生命里; in ne’s life 在某人一生里
    See ... as ... 把...看作 ...
    Get tgether 团聚
    Celebrate (动词) “庆祝” -- celebratin (名词) “庆祝”
    Celebrate with sb. 和某人一起庆祝
    The main dish 主菜
    G with the turkey 做火鸡
    Prepare (动词) “准备” -- preparatin (名词) “准备”
    常见搭配:prepare fr = get ready fr 为...做准备
    Prepare t d sth. = get ready t d sth. 准备做某事
    Such as 例如
    Here is + 单数名词/不可数名词 “这是...”
    One way t d sth. 做某事的一种方法
    Mix (动词) “混合” -- Mixture (名词) “混合物”
    常见搭配: mix up 混合;
    mix ... and ... 把...和...混合
    Fill A with B 用B把A填满
    Be filled with ... = be full f ... 装满...;充满...
    Eg: The bx is filled with bks. = The bx is full f bks.
    盒子里装满了书。
    Place... n a large plate 把...放在盘子上
    Cver A with B 用A把B盖上
    Be cvered with... 被...覆盖
    Eg: The grund is cvered with snw. 大地被白雪所覆盖。
    Serve (动词) “服务”
    Serve sth. t sb. = server sb. (with) sth. 用某物招待某人
    At a very high temperature 在高温下
    The reasns fr ... ...的理由
    Have/eat ... fr breakfast/lunch/dinner 早/午/晚饭吃...
    One by ne 一个一个地
    Unit 9 Can yu cme t my party?
    Sectin A
    Cme t + 地点 “来到某地”
    On Saturday afternn 在周六下午
    On, in, at接时间状语时的区别:
    On 后常常接具体某一天或某一天的早午晚
    In后常常接某一段时间或早午晚
    At后常常接具体的某一时刻
    Eg: n Sunday 在周日; n May 1st 在五月一日;n Mnday mrning 在周一上午;
    In a week 在一周里; in May 在五月;in the mrning 在上午
    At 5:00 在五点
    Sure, I’d lve t. 当然,我愿意去。
    该答语常常用来回答Wuld yu like t d sth. ? “你想要去做某事吗?”的结构。
    如果不想做某事,则用Srry, I’d lve t, but 或Srry, I can’t.
    Eg: -- Wuld yu like t g shpping with me ? “你想和我一起去购物吗?”、
    -- Sure, I’d lve t.
    Have t 不得不
    Prepare (动词) “准备” -- preparatin (名词) “准备”
    Prepare fr get ready fr ... 为...做准备
    Prepare t d sth. 准备做某事
    Eg: prepare fr an exam 为考试做准备
    I am preparing t visit Beijing. 我准备参观北京。
    G t the dctr 去看医生
    G t the mvies 去电影院
    Have the flue 患流感
    表示“患病”的常用短语:
    Have a cld 感冒; have a cugh 咳嗽;
    Have a fever 发骚; have a tthache 牙痛
    T much + 不可数名词 “太多...”
    T many + 可数名词复数 “太多...”
    Much t + 形容词 “太...”
    Eg: There is t much water in the pl. 池塘里有太多的水。
    There are t many apples n the tree. 树上有太多的苹果。
    The light is t much bright. 灯太亮了。
    I’m nt available. 我没有空。
    Anther time 其他时间
    Thanks fr ding sth. 为做某事表示感谢
    G bike riding 去骑行
    Fall (名词) “秋天(= autumn)” Eg: last fall “去年秋天”
    Fall (动词) “跌落;降落” Eg: fall dwn 摔倒
    I’m afraid I can’t. 恐怕我不能。
    I’m afraid that 从句 “恐怕...”
    表肯定时:I’m afraid s. “我恐怕如此。”
    表否定时:I’m afraid nt. “我恐怕不能。”
    Until “直到...为止;到...时”,相当于till
    Nt... until... “直到...才...”,句中谓语动词常为非延续性动词
    在肯定句中,谓语动词常为延续性动词。
    Eg: The by didn’t sleep until his mther came hme.
    直到妈妈回家那个男孩才去睡觉。
    They will g back hme till Sunday.
    他们到周日才回家。
    Hang ut with sb. “和某人闲逛”
    Hang (动词) “悬挂” 其过去式、过去分词为(hung; hung)
    “绞刑、上吊”七过去式、过去分词为(hanged; hanged)
    Catch (动词) “赶上;接住;抓住”
    Catch yu n Mnday. 此处catch yu译为“再见;回头见”相当于See yu later.
    其它搭配:catch a bus 赶公交车; catch the ball 接球
    Catch a cld 感冒; catch up with 追上;赶上
    Grammar
    语法:情态动词can表示能力、许可、猜测和邀请等意。culd比can更委婉。
    表邀请:Can yu cme the my birthday party? 你能来我的生日派对吗?
    接受邀请:Sure, I’d lve/like t.
    Yes, I’d lve/ like t.
    拒绝邀请: Srry, I’m nt available/free.
    I’m srry. I have t ...
    I am afraid nt.
    向别人发出邀请、请求、建议等时,还可用以下几种表达方式:
    Let’s d./
    Wuld yu mind ding sth? /
    Hw abut ding sth.? /
    Yu’d better (nt) d sth./
    Why dn’t yu d sth.
    知识点
    Study fr a test “备考”
    Practice ding sth. “练习做某事”
    Plan t d sth “计划做某事”
    Finish ding sth. “结束做某事”
    Invite (动词) “邀请” -- Invitatin (名词) “邀请”
    Invite sb. t + 地点 “邀请某人去某地”
    Invite sb. t d sth. “邀请某人做某事”
    Eg: My friend invites me t his hmetwn. “我的朋友邀请我去他的家乡。”
    Miss Mu invites me t g t the party. “穆小姐邀请我去派对。”
    Accept (动词) “接受”
    accept指主观上愿意接受
    Receive指客观上收到或拿到,但主观上比一定接受。
    Eg: The girl accepted his request. “这个女孩接受他的要求。”
    He received a letter frm his friend. “他收到他朋友的信。”
    Refuse (动词) “拒绝”后面接名词、代词、动词不定式
    Refuse t d sth. 拒绝做某事
    Eg: Yu shuldn’t refuse t help her. “你不应该拒绝帮助她。”
    Sectin B
    The day befre yesterday 前天
    The day after tmrrw 后天
    Weekday (可数名词) “工作日” ; weekend (可数名词) “周末”
    On weekdays 在工作日; n weekends = n the weekend 在周末
    What’s tday? “今天什么日子?”
    用来询问“今天是几号、星期几”,回答时,通常含有星期或日期,一般星期在前,日期在后;也可用节日来回答。
    Eg: -- What’s tday? -- It’s Wednesday, Nvember 4th.
    补充:
    What is/was the date “...是几月几号?” 回答要用该日期。
    What day is/was it “...是星期几?”
    Lk after = take care f “照顾;照料”
    Lk after ... well = take gd care f ... “好好照顾...”
    Turn dwn 把调低;拒绝
    Make an invitatin 发出邀请
    感叹句表达:
    Hw + 形容词/副词 (+ 主语 + 谓语)!
    = What (+a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 (+主语 + 谓语)!
    Eg: Hw fast he runs! 他跑的多快!
    Hw clever he is! = What a clever by he is! 他多聪明啊!
    A lt = very much 非常
    I’m sad t see her g. 看见她走我很难过。
    Sad (形容词) “难过的;悲伤的” -- sadness (名词) “悲伤;悲痛” -- sadly (副词)
    The best way t d sth. 做某事最好的方法
    Bring ... t ... 把...带到...来
    Bring “带来”指从他处带到说话人处
    Take “带去”指从说话人处带到别处
    Take a trip = g n a trip = have a trip “去旅行”
    At the end f ... “在...的末尾”后面可以加时间,也可以加地点
    By the end f ... “到...末为止”
    In the end “最后;最终”
    Eg: We will arrive at the end f this mnth. 我们这个月末到。
    We will learn 1000 wrds by the end f this mnth. 到这个月为止,我们将学习1000词。
    In the end, they arrived safely. 最后,我们安全抵达。
    Be glad t d sth. 高兴做某事
    Eg: We are glad t see yu here. 我们很高兴在这看到你。
    Help ut ... (帮忙...) 分担工作;解决难题
    If “如果” 用来引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则
    If “是否” 用来引导宾语从句,时态视情况而定
    Eg: If it desn’t rain tmrrw, we will have a picnic.
    I dn’t knw if it will rain tmrrw.
    By nw = s far 到目前为止
    G back t ... = return t ... “回到...”
    Miss “小姐”(指未婚女士)
    Miss “错过;未击中;思念”
    Eg: miss the bus “错过公共汽车”; miss the gal “未击中目标”
    I will miss yu. “我会想你的。”
    Have a surprise party fr sb. “为某人准备惊喜派对”
    Surprise (名词) “惊讶;惊奇” t ne’s surprise “令某人吃惊的是”
    Surprising (形容词) “惊讶的”通常用来修饰物;
    Surprised (形容词) “惊奇的”通常用来修饰人
    Eg: We are surprised at this surprising news. 我们对着个惊奇的消息感到惊讶。
    Withut (介词) “没有” --反义词 with “有”
    Withut ding sth. “没有做某事”
    Eg: He went t schl withut having breakfast this mrning.
    今天早上他没有吃早饭就上学了。
    S that + 从句 “为了” 用来引导目的状语从句,可以同In rder t d sth. 进行替换
    Eg: I get up early s that I can catch the first bus.
    我们起的非常早,为了能赶上第一班公交车。
    Lk frward t ding sth. “盼望做某事”
    Eg: I am lking frward t buying this car. 我盼望着买这辆车。
    Hear frm sb. “收到某人来信”
    Hear f ... “听说...”
    The pening f ... ...的开幕式
    Opening hurs 营业时间
    Opening (名词) “开幕式” -- Open (动词) “打开”
    On the mrning f ... “在...早上”
    As a gift 作为礼物
    Reply t 对...作出回答
    Reply (名词) “回答;回复”
    In/during the daytime “在白天”
    Unit 10 If yu g t the party, yu’ll have a great time.
    Sectin A
    Have a great/ gd/ wnderful time = enjy neself = have fun 玩得高兴
    Put n, wear, dress, in区别:
    Put n强调穿衣服的动作
    Eg: It’s cld utside, please put n yur sweater. “外面天气冷,请穿上你的毛衣。”
    wear强调穿衣服的状态
    Eg: The girl wears a sweater tday. “这个女孩今天穿了一件毛衣。”
    Dress 后面接人,表示给某人穿衣服
    Eg: The by is t yung t dress himself. “这个小那还太小了不能自己穿衣服。”
    In 后面常接颜色,指穿某种颜色的衣服
    Eg: The girl in red is Mary. “穿红色衣服的女孩是玛丽。”
    Take + 交通工具 + t + 地点 “乘坐某种交通工具去某地”
    Eg: I take a bus t schl. “我坐公共汽车去学校。”
    Tmrrw night 明天晚上
    Talk with/ t sb. 和某人谈话
    Talk abut sth. 谈论某事
    Talk with sb. abut sth. 和某人谈论某事
    Eg: My parents is talking with my teacher abut my study. 我父母正和老师谈论我的学习。
    Have a class meeting 开班会
    Meet (动词) “遇见;相逢” -- meeting (名词) “会议;集会”
    Half the class 一半的同学
    Half (形容词) “一半的;半个的” (名词) “半;一半(其复数形式为halves)”
    常用搭配:tw years and a half = tw and a half years 两年半
    Half f ... “半数的”(其作主语时,谓语动词取决于f后的名词)
    In half 分成两半
    Eg: Half f the bread is enugh. “半个面包就够了。”
    Half f the students are frm England. “一半的学生来自英国。”
    Watch a vide 看录像
    Organize (动词) “组织” -- rganized (形容词) “有组织的”
    -- rganizatin (名词) “组织” -- rganizer (名词) “组织者”
    A gd time t d sth. 做某事的好时间
    Ask sb. (nt) t d sth. 要求某人(不)做某事
    Ask fr sth. 寻求某物
    Eg: My mum asked me t finish hmewrk befre dinner.
    妈妈要求我晚饭前写完作业。
    Please ask fr help when yu are in danger.
    请在你危险时寻求帮助
    Order (动词) “订购;订货;点菜”;“命令;嘱咐” (名词) “秩序;顺序;点菜”
    常用搭配:rder sb. t d sth. “命令某人做某事”
    In rder t d sth. = in rder that 从句 “为了...”
    Eg: I want t rder ne bwl f beef ndles. 我想点一碗牛肉面。
    My teacher rdered me t clean the rm. 我的老师嘱咐我打扫卫生。
    Put the sentences in rder. 按顺序排列句子。
    I get up early in rder t catch the bus. = I get up early in rder that he can catch the bus.
    我起得很早为了赶上公共汽车。
    T + 形容词 + t d sth. “太...而不能做某事”
    Eg: The by is t yung t g t schl. 这个男孩太小了不能去上学。
    Grammar
    if引导的条件状语从句
    含义:在复合句中作条件状语的句子,叫条件状语从句。
    位置:if引导的条件状语从句,既可放在主句前,也可放在主句后。位于主句前,用逗号隔开,位于主句后,不用逗号隔开。
    Eg: If it rains tmrrw, we will put ff the meeting. = We will put ff the meeting if it rains tmrrw.
    如果明天下雨,我们将推迟会议。
    时态:常常遵循“主将从现”原则,即主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时。主句中也可出现含有情态动词或主句为祈使句的情况。
    Eg: If yu want t g there, yu can jin us. 如果你想去那,可以加入我们。
    Dn’t mve the bx if yu are nt strng enugh. 如果不够强壮请不要搬这个箱子。
    情态动词shuld用法
    shuld可以表示劝告或建议,意为“应该”
    Eg: Yu shuld lk after yurself. 你应该照顾好你自己。
    Shuld表示要求或命令。
    Eg: Yu shuldn’t talk in class. 你不应该在课堂上说话。
    shuld表示预测或可能
    Eg: He shuld be in the classrm. 他可能在教室里。
    表示说话人的感情,如惊讶,愤怒,失望等。
    Eg: Hw shuld I knw? 你怎么会知道?
    知识点
    Be upset abut/ at sth. 因...而难过
    Be upset with sb. 生某人的气
    Advice (不可数名词) “建议” -- advise (动词) “建议”
    常用搭配:(1)a piece f advice 一条建议; tw pieces f advice 两条建议
    (2)give sb. sme advice 给某人一些建议
    (3)ask sb. fr advice 向某人征求建议
    (4)take/ fllw sb’s advice 听取某人的建议
    (5)advise sb. (nt) t d sth. 建议某人(不)做某事
    (6)advise ding sth. 建议做某事
    (7)advise ab. abut/n ... 关于...给某人建议
    Eg: He advised me t run fast. 他建议我跑快点。
    My mther advised buying the gift. 妈妈建议买这个礼物。
    Have enugh time t d sth. 有足够的时间去做某事
    Sectin B
    Travel arund the wrld 环游世界
    Travel (动词) “旅行” (名词) “旅行” -- traveller (名词) “旅行者”
    常见搭配:travel t + 地点 “到...旅行”
    Space travel 太空旅行
    Make mney 挣钱
    Get an educatin 接受教育
    Keep ... t neself 保守秘密
    These days 目前
    Have prblems with 在...方面有困难
    Nrmal (形容词) “正常的;一般的” -- nrmally (副词) “正常地;通常”
    Unless (连词) “除非;如果不”用来引导条件状语从句,相当于“if ... nt...”
    Eg: Unless he gets up early, he wn’t catch the bus.
    = If he desn’t get up early, he wn’t catch the bus.
    Certainly (副词) “无疑;当然;肯定” -- certain (形容词) “无疑的;必然的”
    同义词为:Sure/ Of curse/ N prblem.
    Be afraid t d sth. 害怕做某事
    Tell sb. abut sth. 告诉某人某事
    Tell sb. (nt) t d sth. 告诉某人(不)做某事
    Walk t + 地点 走路去某地
    Each day 每天
    Keep ding sth. 一直做某事
    Angry (形容词) “发怒的;生气的” -- angrily (副词) “愤怒地;生气地”
    常见搭配: get angry 生气
    Be angry with/at sb. 生某人的气
    Be angry abut sth. 对某事生气
    In the end = at last = finally 最后;最终
    Understanding (形容词) “善解人意的” (名词) “理解” -- understand (动词) “理解”
    Careless (形容词) “粗心的” -- carelessly (副词) “粗心地”
    Careful (形容词) “小心的” -- carefully (副词) “小心地”
    Mistake (可数名词) “错误;失误” (动词) “弄错;误解”
    常见搭配:make a mistake/ make mistakes 犯错误
    By mistake 无意地;错误地
    Mistake ... fr... 错把...当作...
    In the future 在未来
    The same ... as... 和...一样
    It is best (nt) t d sth. “最好(不)做某事”,it为形式主语,动词不定式是真正主语
    Eg: It’s best t read English every day. 最好每天读英语。
    Run away frm 逃避;回避
    Run after 追赶; run ut f 用完; run away 逃跑
    Slve “解决;解答” 常与prblem搭配使用,表示解决问题,问题难度大
    Answer “回答;答复” 常与questin搭配使用,表示回答问题,问题难度小
    The first step 第一步
    Step by step 一步一步地
    Take a step/ take steps 采取措施
    Trust (动词) “信任;相信” (名词) “信任”
    常见搭配:trust sb./ sth. 相信某人
    Trust sb. (nt) t d sth. 相信某人(不)会做某事
    Experience (不可数名词) “经验” (可数名词) “经历” (动词) “经历;体验”
    Be halfway t ding sth. 完成做某事的一半
    Discuss (动词) “讨论” -- discussin (名词) “讨论”
    Agree with sb. 同意某人
    Old peple’s hme 养老院
    Wrry abut ... = be wrried abut ... 担心...
    else与ther区别:
    Else (副词) “别的;其他的”通常放在疑问词,不定代词之后what/wh/anything else
    Other(形容词) “其余的;另外的”修饰名词,放在名词之后 ther peple构成方式
    原级
    比较级
    最高级
    单音节词和部分双音节词
    一般在词尾加-er或-est
    High
    Higher
    Highest
    以字母e结尾的词,在词尾加-r或-st
    Fine
    Finer
    Finest
    重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写该辅音字母,再加-er或-est
    Big
    Bigger
    Biggest
    以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,先把“y”改为“i”,再加-er或-est
    Easy
    Easier
    Easiest
    多音节词和部分双音节词
    在词前加mre或mst
    Beautiful
    Mre beautiful
    Mst beautiful
    原级
    比较级
    最高级
    Gd/well
    Better
    Best
    Bad/badly
    Wrse
    Wrst
    Many/much
    Mre
    Mst
    Little
    Less
    Least
    far
    Farther/further
    Farthest/furthest
    Old
    Older/elder
    Oldest/eldest

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