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新疆和田地区第二中学2022-2023学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份新疆和田地区第二中学2022-2023学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题（Word版附解析），共20页。
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1．本试卷满分为120分，考试时间为90分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。
2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在答题卡的规定位置。
3．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑;如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。作答非选择题，必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
A
Fire Safety Training Online
This e-learning fire safety training curse is aimed at all staff. This fire safety awareness nline curse enables individuals t imprve their knwledge and understanding f fire safety. Fire safety is a vital part f any business. With the e-learning fire safety curse yu can ensure a safe envirnment fr yur staff and custmers with minimum disruptin(混乱)t yur business. As this curse is nline, it benefits frm cnstant updates t ensure the cntent remains accurate t any changing law.
WHAT DOES THE LAW REQUIRE?
The Fire Safety Order requires all emplyers t: Carry ut a fire risk assessment.
Prvide apprpriate training fr their staff—this shuld be relevant t a persn’s jb. Everyne shuld have basic fire safety training s this curse is ideal.
Prvide training fr fire wardens(管理人)—Fire Risk Assessments Ltd prvides this training nline due t this being unique t yur site and fire prcedures.
THE TRAINING PROGRAM
The average time t cmplete the curse is apprximately 30 minutes. After cmpleting each sectin, peple need answer a few multiple chice questins crrectly befre prgress t the next sectin is pssible.
COURSE CONTENT
Main gals including preservatin, preventin, prtectin and prcedures
Characteristics f fire
Legal requirements
Fire evacuatin(疏散)
Means f putting ut fire Interactive quiz
Shuld yu wish t bk r find ut mre abut the abve curse, please call Fire Risk Assessments Ltd n 0208 763 5610 t speak t ne f their training advisrs. Alternatively yu can email them at enquiries@ r visit their website at
1. Wh is this advertisement mst prbably intended fr?
A. Emplyers.B. Law makers.
C. Firefighters.D. Gvernment fficials.
2. Which f the fllwing is ne advantage f the nline curse?
A. It applies t users wrldwide.
B. It agrees with the latest legal requirements.
C. It is free f charge.
D. It can be learned anytime learners want.
3. What d peple need t d after finishing each sectin?
A. Put ut a fire in 30 minutes.B. Cnduct a fire risk assessment.
C. Learn related legal requirements.D. Answer sme questins crrectly.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。是一门针对雇主的网上消防安全训练课程，介绍了课程的时间、内容和火灾的特点等信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段第三、四句“Fire safety is a vital part f any business. With the e-learning fire safety curse yu can ensure a safe envirnment fr yur staff and custmers with minimum disruptin(混乱)t yur business. （消防安全是任何行业的重要组成部分。通过防火安全电子学习课程，您可以为您的员工和客户确保一个安全的环境，并将对您的业务造成的影响降到最低。）”可推知，这个广告很可能是为雇主准备的。故选A项。
2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“ As this curse is nline, it benefits frm cnstant updates t ensure the cntent remains accurate t any changing law.（由于这门课程是在线的，它受益于不断更新，以确保内容对任何变化的法律保持准确。）”可知网课符合最新的法律要求。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据THE TRAINING PROGRAM部分中的最后一句“After cmpleting each sectin, peple need answer a few multiple chice questins crrectly befre prgress t the next sectin is pssible.（在完成每个部分之后，人们需要正确地回答几个多项选择题，然后才能进入下一个部分。）”可知，人们完成每个部分后需要正确回答几个问题。故选D项。
B
Accrding t a new study, putting preschler(学龄前儿童) in bed by 8 p.m. culd reduce their chances f becming verweight r bese later in life by half. Preschlers are children arund the age f 4 r 5.
The Wrld Health Organizatin says besity can lead t serius lng-term health prblems like diabetes, heart disease and strke.
Researchers frm the Ohi State University’s Cllege f Public Health have fund that yung children wh g t bed after 9 p.m. are twice as likely t be bese later in life. The researchers wrte their findings in The Jurnal f Pediatrics.
The lead authr f the study is Sarah Andersn. She is a prfessr f epidemilgy(流行病学). Andersn says that, fr parents, the results f the study supprt the imprtance f creating a bedtime rutine.
She says that having a usual bedtime rutine is smething “families can d t lwer their children’s risk” f becming verweight.
Researchers used data frm 977 children fr the study. These children are part f a larger prject called the Study f Early Child Care and Yuth Develpment. The prject fllws healthy babies brn in 1991 in 10 cities in US.
When these children turned 15 years ld, the researchers lked at their rates f besity. Of thse with the earliest bedtimes, nly ne ut f 10 was bese. Of thse wh went t bed between 8 and 9 p.m., 16 percent became bese. And ut f thse with the latest bedtimes, 23 percent became bese.
The Wrld Health Organizatin reprted in 2014 that the number f verweight babies and yung children wrldwide had increased frm 31 millin in 1990 t 44 millin in 2012. If that trend cntinues, the WHO warns, there will be 70 millin bese children in the wrld by 2025.
4. Accrding t the passage, the risk f besity ______.
A. can be cut by half if children g t bed by 9 p.m.
B. can lead t lw bld pressure diabetes and heart disease
C. is the highest at the age f 4 r 5
D. is higher fr thse children wh sleep late at night
5. The underlined wrd “bese” in the first paragraph means ______.
A. heavyB. lightC. fatD. slim
6. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE abut the research?
A. The research is rganized by the Wrld Health Organizatin.
B. The result shws that children sleeping befre 8 p.m. have the lwest rate f besity.
C. The findings are based n the data prvided by The Jurnal f Pediatrics.
D. The research is funded(提供资金) by the Study f Early Child Care and Yuth Develpment.
7. What is the authr’s attitude twards the result f the research?
A. Objective(客观) B. DisappintedC. PsitiveD. Satisfied
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。根据新研究表明，学龄前儿童早睡能有效减少他们超重以及日后患肥胖症的几率。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Accrding t a new study, putting preschler （学龄前儿童） in bed by 8 p.m. culd reduce their dances f becming verweight r bese later in life by half. (根据一项新的研究，让学龄前儿童在晚上8点前上床睡觉，可以使他们以后超重或肥胖的几率减半)可知，早睡的孩子能减少超重或者肥胖的几率，可推出，那些晚睡的孩子更有可能变得肥胖，故选D项。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了关于早睡能有效减少儿童肥胖风险的研究，再结合画线词前的verweight(超重)可知，本句是说：根据一项新的研究，让学龄前儿童在晚上8点前上床睡觉，可以使他们以后超重或肥胖的几率减半，因此，画线词词义为“肥胖的”。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Accrding t a new study, putting preschler in bed by 8 p.m. culd reduce their chances f becming verweight r bese later in life by half.( 根据一项新的研究，让学龄前儿童在晚上8点前上床睡觉，可以使他们以后超重或肥胖的几率减半)”以及第三段“Researchers frm the Ohi State University’s Cllege f Public Health have fund that yung children wh g t bed after 9 p.m. are twice as likely t be bese later in life.( 俄亥俄州立大学公共卫生学院的研究人员发现，晚上9点后上床睡觉的年轻儿童在以后肥胖的可能性是他们的两倍)”以及第六段“Researchers used data frm 977 children fr the study. ”（研究人员使用了977名儿童的数据进行研究）可知，八点之前睡觉的孩子变得肥胖的几率最低；这项研究是俄亥俄州立大学公共卫生学院主办的；研究数据来自于977名儿童。因此，关于这项研究，正确的陈述是B项“The result shws that children sleeping befre 8 p.m. have the lwest rate f besity.( 结果显示，晚上8点前睡觉的儿童肥胖率最低)”符合题意。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文首先说明了这项研究的结论以及世界卫生组织认为肥胖会导致很多严重的疾病；接下来的段落中，作者又分别阐述了这项研究的主要作者(The lead authr f the study is Sarah Andersn.)、研究对象是977名儿童（Researchers used data frm 977 children fr the study），最后提到了，全球超重婴幼儿数量在不断增加。根据以上分析，本文主要介绍了关于早睡能有效减少儿童肥胖风险的研究，作者客观介绍了研究结果及过程，没有发表自己的观点。因此，作者对研究结果持的态度是A项“bjective客观的”。故选A。
C
Researchers at the DgStudies lab at the Max Planck Institute fr the Science f Human Histry have shwn that dgs may pssess sme metacgnitive (元认知) abilities. Specifically, when they d nt have enugh infrmatin t slve a prblem, they will actively lk fr mre infrmatin, similarly t primates (灵长类).
In a recent study, prject leader Julia Belger explred whether dgs have metacgnitive abilities. T test this, the researchers designed a device invlving tw V-shaped fences. A reward, either fd r a ty, wuld be placed by ne researcher behind ne f the tw fences while anther researcher held the dgs. In sme cases, the dgs culd see where the reward was placed, while in thers, the dgs culd nt. The researchers then analyzed hw frequently the dgs lked thrugh the gap in the fence befre chsing an ptin.
The researchers fund that the dgs did check significantly mre ften fr the reward when they had nt seen where it was placed. These results shw that dgs d tend t actively seek extra infrmatin when they have nt seen where the reward is cncealed.
The results did nt allw the researchers t say definitively whether dgs pssess meta-cgnitin, thugh they displayed sme evidence fr it. Julia said, “Fr humans, visin is an imprtant infrmatin gathering sense. In this case, ur experiment was based n a checking actin relying n sight, but the dgs prbably als used their sense f smell when checking thrugh the gap. We knw that smell is very imprtant t dgs and we culd see that they were using it.”
Julia added, “In future, we wuld like t develp an experiment t investigate under what circumstances dgs decide t use their sense f smell versus sight. This may give us additinal insights int their infrmatin seeking abilities.”
8. What ability may dgs have accrding t the study?
A. T ffer infrmatin like primates.B. T use their skills t find mre fd.
C. T seek infrmatin t slve a prblem.D. T ask fr help befre chsing an ptin.
9 What des the underlined wrd “cncealed” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Decrated.B. Hidden.C. Prduced.D. Purchased.
10. What attitude did the researchers have t the finding?
A. Uncertain.B. Friendly.C. Negative.D. Critical.
11. In which sectin f a newspaper can yu prbably read the text?
A. Envirnment and technlgy.B. Humans and nature.
C. Literature and culture.D. Sciety and life.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。最近的研究表明狗可能具有一定的元认知能力，但研究者并不能完全确定研究结果的可靠性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Specifically, when they d nt have enugh infrmatin t slve a prblem, they will actively lk fr mre infrmatin, similarly t primates (灵长类).（具体来说，当它们没有足够的信息来解决一个问题时，它们会积极地寻找更多的信息，这与灵长类动物类似。）”可知，狗可能具有搜集信息来解决问题的能力。故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“The researchers fund that the dgs did check significantly mre ften fr the reward when they had nt seen where it was placed.（研究人员发现，当狗没有看到奖励被放在哪里时，它们确实会更频繁地查看奖励。）”可推知，划线词所在的句子意为“这些结果表明，当狗没有看到奖励藏在哪里时，它们确实倾向于主动寻找额外的信息。”。cncealed意为“隐藏”。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“The results did nt allw the researchers t say definitively whether dgs pssess meta-cgnitin, thugh they displayed sme evidence fr it.（研究结果并没有让研究人员确定狗是否具有元认知，尽管他们展示了一些证据。）”可知，研究者们并不能确定狗是否真的具有元认知能力。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。这是一篇科普文，介绍了狗可能具有一定的元认知能力。我们应该可以在报纸的《人与自然》版块阅读到这样的文章。故选B。
D
If yu’re ne f thse peple wh have truble falling asleep, listen up. Yu might fall asleep 15 minutes earlier and wake up far less during the night if yu put n a pair f scks at bedtime.
T understand why, yu first need t understand the relatinship between cre bdy temperature and sleep. During daylight hurs, the human bdy keeps at an average temperature f 37 degrees Celsius. But at night, yur cre bdy temperature reduces as much as 1.2 degrees Celsius ver the curse f six r seven hurs f sleep.
It turns ut that this gradual decrease in cre bdy temperature is a key part f the cmplex neurbilgical dance (神经生物学行为) f falling asleep and staying asleep. And the faster yu can lwer the cre bdy temperature, the faster yu will fall asleep.
One f the ways yur bdy regulates (调节) its temperature is thrugh bld vessels (血管) in yur skin. If the brain decides the bdy is t ht, it will widen bld vessels, guiding warmer bld frm the bdy’s cre t the rest f the bdy t cl it dwn. If the bdy is t cld, the brain signals the ppsite reactin, limiting the flw f bld t the surface.
Accrding t researchers, warming the feet befre ging t sleep prmtes vasdilatin (血管舒张) by using a warm ft bath r wearing scks, which in turn lwers the bdy’s cre temperature faster than ging t sleep with cld, bare feet.
Scientists think scked feet may have a neurlgical effect as well. Inside the PO/AH f the brain is a type f a warm-sensitive neurn (热敏神经元), helping us fall asleep and stay asleep. And if that’s the case, warming up the feet befre bedtime gives warm-sensitive neurns an extra pwer.
In a study, Krean researchers fund that wearing a pair f special “sleeping scks” nt nly quickened sleep, but lengthened verall sleep time by an average f 30 minutes and cut nighttime waking perid in half.
12. What’s the relatinship between cre bdy temperature and sleep?
A. Once yu cntrl yur cre bdy temperature, yu’ll fall asleep quickly.
B. The faster yur cre bdy temperature drps, the faster yu’ll fall asleep.
C. The cre bdy temperature desn’t have anything t d with sleep.
D. The decrease f the cre bdy temperature stps fast sleep.
13. Which f the fllwing is the benefit f sleeping with a pair f scks?
A. Lwering the bdy’s temperature greatly.B. Reducing verall sleep time.
C. Increasing nighttime waking perid.D. Speeding up yur sleep.
14. What can yu infer frm the passage?
A. Peple’s bdy temperature ges up at night.
B. It must be uncmfrtable t wear scks in bed.
C. A warm ft bath might be helpful befre sleeping.
D. Warm-sensitive neurns have n effect n sleep.
15. Hw is the passage mainly develped?
A. By listing numbers.B. By prviding examples.
C. By making cmparisn.D. By giving explanatins.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。研究表明，睡觉时穿一双袜子有利于更快入睡以及减少晚上醒来的次数，因此，本文对核心体温和睡眠之间的关系进行了详细的解释。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。文章第三段“It turns ut that this gradual decrease in cre bdy temperature is a key part f the cmplex neurbilgical dance (神经生物学行为) f falling asleep and staying asleep. And the faster yu can lwer the cre bdy temperature, the faster yu will fall asleep.(事实证明这个核心体温逐渐下降是入睡和保持睡眠状态这个复杂的神经生物学行为的关键部分。你降低核心体温的速度越快，你入睡的速度就越快)”可知，核心体温下降得越快，入睡的速度也越快。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“In a study, Krean researchers fund that wearing a pair f special ‘sleeping scks’ nt nly quickened sleep, but lengthened verall sleep time by an average f 30 minutes and cut nighttime waking perid in half.(韩国研究人员在一项研究中发现，穿一双特殊的‘睡眠袜子’不仅能加快睡眠速度，还能将整体睡眠时间平均延长30分钟，并将夜间醒来的时间缩短一半)”可知，穿着袜子睡觉，可加快入睡速度，延长整体睡眠时间。缩短夜间醒来时间。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。原文倒数第二段“Scientists think scked feet may have a neurlgical effect as well. Inside the PO/AH f the brain is a type f a warm-sensitive neurn (热敏神经元), helping us fall asleep and stay asleep. And if that’s the case, warming up the feet befre bedtime gives warm-sensitive neurns an extra pwer.(科学家们认为穿袜子的脚也可能对神经系统有影响。在大脑的PO/AH内部是一种热敏神经元，帮助我们入睡并保持睡眠。如果是这样的话，睡前暖脚会给热敏感神经元增加额外的能量)”可知，睡前暖脚跟睡觉穿袜子一样，有助于我们入睡和保持睡眠。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，文章第一段提出观点：睡觉时穿袜子有利于睡眠。从第二段“T understand why, yu first need t understand the relatinship between cre bdy temperature and sleep.(要理解其中的原因，你首先需要了解核心体温和睡眠之间的关系)”可知，作者接下来要解释其原理。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
Being a leader can be exhausting. Serving as a rle mdel can leave leaders feeling tired and in need f refreshment.____16____. Frtunately, research prvides the answer.
In their leisure time, leaders need t stp drawing n the resurces they used up at wrk.____17____. Fr example, Bill Gates takes regular “Think Weeks”, during which he stays alne in a remte cabin.
____18____. Needs cme in tw frms—physical and psychlgical. Physical needs include things like sleep. An adequate amunt f sleep may be the mst imprtant recvery mechanism. Leaders als have the psychlgical needs t feel cmpetent and t have satisfying relatinships. Reshma Saujani, the CEO f Girls Wh Cde, satisfies her needs t freely select activities by scheduling “me time” with herself.
Leaders need t relax. ____19____. If leaders are away frm the ffice but still answering emails and respnding t texts, they can’t get psychlgically relaxed and wn’t be fully refreshed. Mark Cuban accmplishes this by putting away his phne when he’s at hme. This allws him t distance himself frm wrk.
____20____. Hbbies let us take advantage f resurces that are different frm thse we use at wrk, satisfy ur needs t feel cmpetent and freely chse hw t spend ur time, and mentally absrb urselves s we frget abut ur wrk rles and bligatins. Any hbby will d.
A. Put wrk ut f their mind
B. Scientists have carried ut sme research
C. Hbbies are the nly slutin t the questin
D. Leaders shuld give thse resurces a break t get back t their best
E. One activity that can satisfy all f these requirements is a hbby
F. Leaders need t satisfy their needs
G. The questin is what is the best way fr leaders t refresh themselves
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。作为一个领导者可能会让人筋疲力尽。作为一个榜样会让领导者感到疲惫，需要振作。文章主要就领导者如何恢复精力说明了一些方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Being a leader can be exhausting. Serving as a rle mdel can leave leaders feeling tired and in need f refreshment.(作为一个领导者可能会让人筋疲力尽。作为一个榜样会让领导者感到疲惫，需要振作)”结合后文提到了领导恢复精力的研究，故G选项“问题是什么是领导们恢复精力的最好方法”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“In their leisure time, leaders need t stp drawing n the resurces they used up at wrk.(在闲暇时间，领导者需要停止利用他们在工作中已经耗尽的资源)”以及后文“Fr example, Bill Gates takes regular “Think Weeks”, during which he stays alne in a remte cabin.(例如，比尔·盖茨定期进行“思考周”，在此期间，他独自呆在一个偏远的小木屋里)”可知，上文提到了领导者停止利用耗尽的资源，后文则用比尔盖茨的思考周举例说明，可知领导者要给资源休息时间，D选项中thse resurces对应上文中resurces。故D选项“领导者应该给这些资源一个休息的时间，让它们回到最佳状态”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Needs cme in tw frms—physical and psychlgical. Physical needs include things like sleep. An adequate amunt f sleep may be the mst imprtant recvery mechanism. Leaders als have the psychlgical needs t feel cmpetent and t have satisfying relatinships. Reshma Saujani, the CEO f Girls Wh Cde, satisfies her needs t freely select activities by scheduling “me time” with herself.(需求有两种形式——生理的和心理的。生理需求包括睡眠。充足的睡眠可能是最重要的恢复机制。领导者在心理上也需要有能力和令人满意的人际关系。Girls Wh Cde的首席执行官Reshma Saujani通过为自己安排“私人时间”来满足她自由选择活动的需求)”可知，本段主要讲述了领导者是如何满足他们的需求的，F选项中needs对应后文中needs。故F选项“领导者需要满足他们的需求”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据后文“If leaders are away frm the ffice but still answering emails and respnding t texts, they can’t get psychlgically relaxed and wn’t be fully refreshed. Mark Cuban accmplishes this by putting away his phne when he’s at hme. This allws him t distance himself frm wrk.(如果领导者不在办公室，但仍在回复邮件和短信，他们就无法从心理上得到放松，也不会得到充分的恢复。马克·库班在家的时候会把手机收起来，以此来实现这一点。 这让他可以远离工作)”可知，后文提到了不在办公室领导者仍在回复邮件和短信，他们就无法从心理上得到放松，也不会得到充分的恢复，可见要在休息时不再想工作的事情，故A选项“别再想工作”符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据后文“Hbbies let us take advantage f resurces that are different frm thse we use at wrk, satisfy ur needs t feel cmpetent and freely chse hw t spend ur time, and mentally absrb urselves s we frget abut ur wrk rles and bligatins. Any hbby will d.(爱好可以让我们利用不同于我们工作中使用的资源，满足我们的需求，让我们感到有能力，自由选择如何度过我们的时间，并使我们的精神专注，从而忘记我们的工作角色和义务。 任何爱好都可以)”可知，本段主要说明了业余爱好对于领导者恢复精力的好处，E选项中a hbby对应后文中Hbbies。故E选项“一项能满足所有这些要求的活动是业余爱好”符合语境，故选E。
第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I have sme students wh are in a difficult stage f life. One student called Susie____21____.
It was in Octber and an after-schl____22____I started teaching in September was well____23____. I was in my____24____when Susie came in. I culd see smething was____25____. “I can’t stay after schl tday because I have t ____26____my little sisters,” I assured her that it wuld nt be a prblem fr her t____27____it. Five minutes later, Susie walked back in. I thught she had left smething behind and asked if she was kay.
She said she was____28____and wuld like t sit in while she was waiting fr her mther t pick her up. I asked Susie if she wuld like t____29____it. Susie answered she preferred nt t. Susie______30______sitting in with us fr the entire activity______31______.
When the activity was ver and the students were______32______gne, I asked Susie why her mther hadn’t cme yet. She tld me, “My dad went ut drinking tw nights ag and hasn’t been hme yet. It’s my______33______t take care f my sisters, and I think my mm is ut lking fr dad.” I wanted t make sure that Susie was really kay. After I was______34______that she was, I tld her. “It’s kay t be tired f being strng fr the adults in yur life. It’s kay t be angry because yu are expected t d adult things nw. It’s kay t be______35______that yur dad may nt be all right. Yu are allwed t be frustrated because yu are______36______a mess yu can’t get ut f.” Susie began t______37______.
That Susie’s family was failing her didn’t mean Susie wuld______38______. I allwed her t knw a little f my childhd. She saw I’d______39______ in my wn life and realized that there was a gd______40______fr her.
21. A. grws upB. stands utC. drps utD. breaks up
22. A. interviewB. turC. celebratinD. activity
23. A. in advanceB. in vainC. under wayD. n display
24. A. fficeB. hmeC. cmpanyD. stre
25. A. unfairB. funC. significantD. wrng
26. A. lk afterB. turn tC. take verD. call fr
27. A. admitB. understandC. missD. avid
28. A. freeB. pleasedC. embarrassedD. fine
29. A. keep up withB. participate inC. care abutD. take advantage f
30. A. fcused nB. put ffC. put up withD. ended up
31. A. argumentB. mealC. classD. cnference
32. A. finallyB. nervuslyC. abruptlyD. cautiusly
33. A. plicyB. requestC. attemptD. respnsibility
34. A. cnfusedB. satisfiedC. annyedD. astnished
35. A. cnfidentB. gratefulC. patientD. afraid
36 A. stuck inB. curius abutC. fnd fD. frightened at
37. A. mveB. escapeC. shakeD. cry
38. A. laughB. leaveC. failD. cmplain
39. A. stayedB. succeededC. survivedD. struggled
40. A. symblB. reasnC. supplyD. future
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者是一名老师，他有很多学生都在经历着人生的艰难阶段，本文主要讲述了作者鼓励其中的一位学生的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一位名叫Susie的学生的情况尤为突出。A. grws up长大；B. stands ut突出，显眼；C. drps ut退出；D. breaks up打破，分解。根据前一句I have sme students wh are in a difficult stage f life.(我有一些处在生活困难阶段的学生)可知，此处是拿Susie作为一个典型、突出的例子，stand ut表示“突出、显眼”，符合语境。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事情发生在十月份，当时我从九月份开始教授的课后活动正在有序进行中。A. interview采访；B. tur旅游；C. celebratin庆祝；D. activity活动。根据空前的after-schl可推知，此处指“课后活动”，第三段最后一句中the entire activity也是提示。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：事情发生在十月份，当时我从九月份开始教授的课外活动正在有序进行中。A. in advance提前；B. in vain徒劳；C. under way正在进行中；D. n display展示。根据下文第四段开头When the activity was ver可知，此处指课外活动“正在进行中”。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Susie进来的时候，我正在办公室里。A. ffice办公室；B. hme家；C. cmpany公司；D. stre商店。根据语境可知，作者是一名老师，此时正在进行课后活动，所以此处指在“办公室”，其他选项不符合语境。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我能够看出她遇到一些麻烦。A. unfair不公平的；B. fun有趣的；C. significant重要的，有意义的；D. wrng错误的。根据下一句Susie 说的话I can’t stay after schl tday because I have t ____6____my little sisters.可推知，作者看出来Susie来找自己是有一些异常情况要说，故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为我不得不照顾我的妹妹。A. lk after照顾；B. turn t求助于；C. take ver接管；D. call fr需要，要求。根据I can’t stay after schl tday可推知，Susie放学后不能在学校逗留是因为要照顾妹妹，下一段中take care f my sisters也是提示。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向她保证她缺席课后活动没有什么问题。A. admit承认；B. understand理解；C. miss错过，思念；D. avid避免。上文Susie说自己放学后不能逗留，此处是作者安慰她“错过”课外活动没关系。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她回答说她很好。A. free自由的；B. pleased开心的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. fine好的，（天气）晴朗的。根据上文asked if she was kay及下文I wanted t make sure that Susie was really kay.(我想确认她是否真的很好)可知，此处Susie回答说她“很好”。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我问Susie她是否愿意参加课后活动。A. keep up with跟上；B. participate in参加；C. care abut关心，在乎；D. take advantage f利用。根据上文wuld like t sit in while she was waiting fr her mther t pick her up可知，Susie想在这儿坐一会儿等她妈妈来接她，此处指作者问她是否想趁这个时间“参加”课后活动。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果Susie整个活动课都坐在里面，和我们在一起。A. fcused n专注于；B. put ff推迟，取消；C. put up with忍受；D. ended up结束。根据Susie answered she preferred nt t.可知，Susie说不太想参加，结果就一直坐着，end up ding sth.表示“结果是（做），以做……而告终故”，符合题意。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果Susie整个活动课都坐在里面，和我们在一起。A. argument争论；B. meal一餐，饭；C. class课，课堂；D. cnference会议。根据上文内容可知，学生们正在上活动课，所以选class。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当活动结束后，学生们最终都走了。A. finally最后；B. nervusly紧张地；C. abruptly突然；D. cautiusly谨慎地。根据When the activity was ver可知，此处指“最后”学生们都走了。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：照顾我的妹妹是我的责任。A. plicy政策；B. request请求，要求；C. attempt尝试；D. respnsibility责任。根据空前My dad went ut drinking tw nights ag and hasn’t been hme yet.及空后and I think my mm is ut lking fr dad.可知，爸爸妈妈都不在家，Susie认为照顾妹妹是自己的“责任”。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我听说她没有问题而感到满意之后，我告诉她。A. cnfused困惑的；B. satisfied满意的；C. annyed烦恼的，生气的；D. astnished惊讶的。根据上文I wanted t make sure that Susie was really kay.可知，作者想确认Susie是真的没事，再由本句中that she was可知，Susie真的没事，作者感到满意，其他选项不符合语境。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：担心你的父亲也许会出问题是正常的。A. cnfident自信的；B. grateful感激的；C. patient耐心的；D. afraid害怕的。根据空后yur dad may nt be all right可知，父亲出问题，作为孩子觉得“担心，害怕”是正常的。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：因为你陷入困境而无法自拔，所有你可以感到沮丧。A. stuck in陷入；B. curius abut对……好奇；C. fnd f喜爱；D. frightened at受……惊吓。根据空后yu can’t get ut f可推知，此处指“陷入”困境无法自拔。故选A项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Susie开始哭了起来。A. mve移动；B. escape逃跑；C. shake摇晃；D. cry哭。上文作者安慰并鼓励Susie，此处指Susie听了之后“哭”了起来。故选D项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Susie的家庭使她失望并不意味着她会失败。A. laugh大笑；B. leave离开；C. fail失败；D. cmplain抱怨。根据上文作者一直鼓励Susie可知，作者认为，虽然Susie家境不好，但是这并不能决定Susie的命运，此处“fail”符合语境。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她看到了我在我自己的生活中成功了。A. stayed逗留；B. succeeded成功；C. survived生存；D. struggled挣扎。根据I allwed her t knw a little f my childhd.可推知，作者的童年和Susie类似，现在作者是一名老师，所以虽然有不好的童年，但是现在是成功的。此处succeeded与上文中fail形成对比。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她意识到她也会有一个好的前程。A. symbl象征；B. reasn原因；C. supply供应；D. future将来。此处指Susie知道作者的经历后，意识到她自己也会有一个美好的“将来”。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese Medicine Fd
Medicine fd is a unique cking style in Chinese cuisine. It is a perfect ____41____(cmbine) f Chinese cking and traditinal Chinese medicine t get the effects f health keeping. It is a skillful applicatin f the yin and yang (阴阳) thery ____42____ (strength) the functin f fd and herbs.
The Chinese srt each type f vegetable and meat in terms f yin and yang, and cmbine vegetables with meat, ____43____ will make each cked dish balanced.
During the 5th century BC, cks created cuisines with medical values and develped Chinese art f cking, ____44____(use) the nature f fd t balance the diet. There were rules n hw t arrange daily diet and lists f certain herbs and vegetables beneficial ____45____ the bdy.
By the Sng dynasty, ____46____ was recrded that many diseases culd be cured thrugh prper diet. Different fds were srted accrding t their riginal nature. Cld fds ____47____(believe) t remve fever while warm fds reduce running nses.
Knwing the nature f individual fds ____48____(enable) the Chinese t eat right fd t prtect ____49____(vary) f inside rgans and balance the yin and yang f the bdy. Fr example, sur fd eases sme disrders. ____50____(slight) sweet fd relieves illness related t the veins and bitter fd helps t cure an verheated bdy.
【答案】41. cmbinatin
42. t strengthen
43. which 44. using
45. t 46. it
47. were believed
48. enables
49. varieties
50. Slightly
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的药膳的益处和历史。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：它是中餐与中药的完美结合，达到养生保健的效果。perfect形容词修饰名词。cmbinatin作表语。故填cmbinatin。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它是对阴阳理论的巧妙应用，以增强食物和草药的功能。应用阴阳理论的目的是增强功能，t d不定式表达目的，strength的动词形式是strengthen。故填t strengthen。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国人对每一种蔬菜和肉类进行阴阳分类，把蔬菜和肉类结合起来，这样每道菜都会平衡。这个非限制性定语从句的先行词是逗号前面的一整句话，且从句缺主语，故用指物且能做主语的关系代词。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：公元前5世纪，厨师创造了具有医学价值的菜肴，发展了中国烹饪艺术，利用食物的性质来平衡饮食。本句已有谓语，故此处用非谓语，use和句子主语cks之间是主动关系。故填using。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：关于如何安排日常饮食以及某些对身体有益的草药和蔬菜的清单有规定。be beneficial t：对……有益。故填t。
【46题详解】
考查代词。句意：到了宋代，据记载，许多疾病可以通过适当的饮食来治愈。此处it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的从句。故填it。
【47题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：人们认为冷食可以退烧，而热食可以减少流鼻涕。此句主语是Cld fds指物，谓语动词用被动，又结合上下文可知这里描述的是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。故填were believed。
【48题详解】
考查动词。句意：了解个别食物的性质，使中国人能够吃对食物，以保护内部器官的多样性，平衡身体的阴阳。此句Knwing the nature f individual fds是现在分词短语做主语，主语为单数，结合下文可知时态用一般现在时。故填enables。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：了解个别食物的性质，使中国人能够吃对食物，以保护内部器官的多样性，平衡身体的阴阳。varieties f：各种各样的。故填varieties。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：微甜的食物可以缓解与静脉有关的疾病，而苦味的食物有助于治愈过热的身体。sweet是形容词，应该用副词修饰。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Slightly。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Chengdu is knwn fr a “laid-back” city. A relaxing teahuse culture and a lively nightlife that mix beer bars and Sichuan pera shws cntribute t their unique charm. Hundreds f Sichuan dishes and spicy htpts sure impress visitrs. If lucky enugh, ne can see muntains cver by snw frm the city even in summer, which is ne f the mst amazing sight there. The city increased green space since 2009 as a result f an air pllutin. With ver 10 millin turists visit the city every year, Chengdu has s much t ffer. Unless yu have time, yu may g there t explre it by yurself.
【答案】1. fr→as
2. mix→mixes
3. their→its
4. sure→surely
5. cver→cvered
6. sight→sights
7. increased前加has
8. 去掉an
9. visit→visiting
10. Unless→If/When
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了成都这座旅游城市的独特魅力。
【详解】1.考查介词。句意：成都素有“悠闲城市”之称。固定短语be knwn as意为“作为……（称号）而出名”，本句中“悠闲城市”是成都的一个称号，用介词as，故将fr改为as。
2.考查主谓一致。句意：令人放松的茶馆文化和结合了酒吧与川剧表演的热闹夜生活，使其具有独特的魅力。分析句子结构，that引导定语从句，先行词是a lively nightlife，因此从句中的谓语动词要用第三人称单数，故将mix改为mixes。
3.考查代词。句意：令人放松的茶馆文化和结合了酒吧与川剧表演的热闹夜生活，使其具有独特的魅力。分析语境，unique charm（独特的魅力）指的是成都这座城市的独特魅力，即Chengdu’s，对应的代词为its，故将their改为its。
4.考查副词。句意：数以百计的四川菜和麻辣火锅肯定会给游客留下深刻印象。修饰动词impress应用副词surely（当然，无疑，肯定地），故将sure改为surely。
5.考查后置定语。句意：有幸，即使在夏天也能从城市里看到被雪覆盖的山。非谓语动词cver作后置定语修饰muntains，两者之间构成被动关系，muntains cvered by snw（被雪覆盖着的山），故应用过去分词作后置定语，故将cver改为cvered。
6.考查名词。句意：这是那儿最令人惊叹的风景之一。sight作“风景”时为可数名词，结构“……之一”为ne f+复数名词，故sight应用复数，故将sight改为sights。
7.考查现在完成时，句意：由于空气污染，这座城市自2009年以来增加了绿地面积。根据语境和提示词since（自从），可知应用现在完成时，又由于主语为第三人称单数，助动词应该用has，故在increased前加has。
8.考查冠词与名词。句意：由于空气污染，这座城市自2009年以来增加了绿地面积。air pllutin（空气污染）是不可数名词，不能使用不定冠词，故删除an。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：每年有超过1000万的游客来成都旅游，成都有很多可以提供的东西。介词with后接宾语turists（游客），turists（游客）与其后的动词visit（拜访，参观）构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作宾补，将visit改为visiting。
10.考查连词。句意：如果你有时间，你可以自己去那里探索。分析语境，此处表示探索的条件，“如果你有时间”或者“当你有时间的时候”，而不是“除非你有时间”，故将Unless改为If或者When。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华, 你的留学生朋友 Steven 打算在你市找一家中国餐馆庆祝生日｡为此, 他发邮件向你打听相关事宜｡请你用英语给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表达祝愿；
2. 推荐餐馆(地址､价格､菜肴等)；
3. 建议预订｡
注意:1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数｡
Dear Steven,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Steven,
I'm glad t knw yur birthday is cming and I want t give yu my sincere wishes and express “Happy birthday t yu”.
In rder t have a great birthday, it's necessary fr yu t find a suitable restaurant. Nw, let me share ne with yu. There is a gd restaurant near the city library, the price f which is cheaper cmpared with many ther Chinese restaurants. Mre imprtantly, the dishes f it such as fish, beef and seasnal vegetables are very gd. Sme f my friends think they are delicius after eating there. Because there are many guests ging t the restaurant, I suggest yu bk it in advance. I hpe my suggestins will be helpful t yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件：假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友 Steven 打算在你市找一家中国餐馆庆祝生日｡为此，他发邮件向你打听相关事宜｡请你用英语给他回封邮件，内容包括：1. 表达祝愿；2. 推荐餐馆(地址､价格､菜肴等)；3. 建议预订｡
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：give yu my sincere wishes（给你我真诚的祝福）；In rder t have a great birthday（为了有一个伟大的生日）；a gd restaurant near the city library（在市图书馆附近有一家很好的餐馆）；seasnal vegetables（时令蔬菜）；等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1．本试卷满分为120分，考试时间为90分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。
2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在答题卡的规定位置。
3．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑;如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。作答非选择题，必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
A
Fire Safety Training Online
This e-learning fire safety training curse is aimed at all staff. This fire safety awareness nline curse enables individuals t imprve their knwledge and understanding f fire safety. Fire safety is a vital part f any business. With the e-learning fire safety curse yu can ensure a safe envirnment fr yur staff and custmers with minimum disruptin(混乱)t yur business. As this curse is nline, it benefits frm cnstant updates t ensure the cntent remains accurate t any changing law.
WHAT DOES THE LAW REQUIRE?
The Fire Safety Order requires all emplyers t: Carry ut a fire risk assessment.
Prvide apprpriate training fr their staff—this shuld be relevant t a persn’s jb. Everyne shuld have basic fire safety training s this curse is ideal.
Prvide training fr fire wardens(管理人)—Fire Risk Assessments Ltd prvides this training nline due t this being unique t yur site and fire prcedures.
THE TRAINING PROGRAM
The average time t cmplete the curse is apprximately 30 minutes. After cmpleting each sectin, peple need answer a few multiple chice questins crrectly befre prgress t the next sectin is pssible.
COURSE CONTENT
Main gals including preservatin, preventin, prtectin and prcedures
Characteristics f fire
Legal requirements
Fire evacuatin(疏散)
Means f putting ut fire Interactive quiz
Shuld yu wish t bk r find ut mre abut the abve curse, please call Fire Risk Assessments Ltd n 0208 763 5610 t speak t ne f their training advisrs. Alternatively yu can email them at enquiries@ r visit their website at
1. Wh is this advertisement mst prbably intended fr?
A. Emplyers.B. Law makers.
C. Firefighters.D. Gvernment fficials.
2. Which f the fllwing is ne advantage f the nline curse?
A. It applies t users wrldwide.
B. It agrees with the latest legal requirements.
C. It is free f charge.
D. It can be learned anytime learners want.
3. What d peple need t d after finishing each sectin?
A. Put ut a fire in 30 minutes.B. Cnduct a fire risk assessment.
C. Learn related legal requirements.D. Answer sme questins crrectly.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。是一门针对雇主的网上消防安全训练课程，介绍了课程的时间、内容和火灾的特点等信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段第三、四句“Fire safety is a vital part f any business. With the e-learning fire safety curse yu can ensure a safe envirnment fr yur staff and custmers with minimum disruptin(混乱)t yur business. （消防安全是任何行业的重要组成部分。通过防火安全电子学习课程，您可以为您的员工和客户确保一个安全的环境，并将对您的业务造成的影响降到最低。）”可推知，这个广告很可能是为雇主准备的。故选A项。
2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“ As this curse is nline, it benefits frm cnstant updates t ensure the cntent remains accurate t any changing law.（由于这门课程是在线的，它受益于不断更新，以确保内容对任何变化的法律保持准确。）”可知网课符合最新的法律要求。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据THE TRAINING PROGRAM部分中的最后一句“After cmpleting each sectin, peple need answer a few multiple chice questins crrectly befre prgress t the next sectin is pssible.（在完成每个部分之后，人们需要正确地回答几个多项选择题，然后才能进入下一个部分。）”可知，人们完成每个部分后需要正确回答几个问题。故选D项。
B
Accrding t a new study, putting preschler(学龄前儿童) in bed by 8 p.m. culd reduce their chances f becming verweight r bese later in life by half. Preschlers are children arund the age f 4 r 5.
The Wrld Health Organizatin says besity can lead t serius lng-term health prblems like diabetes, heart disease and strke.
Researchers frm the Ohi State University’s Cllege f Public Health have fund that yung children wh g t bed after 9 p.m. are twice as likely t be bese later in life. The researchers wrte their findings in The Jurnal f Pediatrics.
The lead authr f the study is Sarah Andersn. She is a prfessr f epidemilgy(流行病学). Andersn says that, fr parents, the results f the study supprt the imprtance f creating a bedtime rutine.
She says that having a usual bedtime rutine is smething “families can d t lwer their children’s risk” f becming verweight.
Researchers used data frm 977 children fr the study. These children are part f a larger prject called the Study f Early Child Care and Yuth Develpment. The prject fllws healthy babies brn in 1991 in 10 cities in US.
When these children turned 15 years ld, the researchers lked at their rates f besity. Of thse with the earliest bedtimes, nly ne ut f 10 was bese. Of thse wh went t bed between 8 and 9 p.m., 16 percent became bese. And ut f thse with the latest bedtimes, 23 percent became bese.
The Wrld Health Organizatin reprted in 2014 that the number f verweight babies and yung children wrldwide had increased frm 31 millin in 1990 t 44 millin in 2012. If that trend cntinues, the WHO warns, there will be 70 millin bese children in the wrld by 2025.
4. Accrding t the passage, the risk f besity ______.
A. can be cut by half if children g t bed by 9 p.m.
B. can lead t lw bld pressure diabetes and heart disease
C. is the highest at the age f 4 r 5
D. is higher fr thse children wh sleep late at night
5. The underlined wrd “bese” in the first paragraph means ______.
A. heavyB. lightC. fatD. slim
6. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE abut the research?
A. The research is rganized by the Wrld Health Organizatin.
B. The result shws that children sleeping befre 8 p.m. have the lwest rate f besity.
C. The findings are based n the data prvided by The Jurnal f Pediatrics.
D. The research is funded(提供资金) by the Study f Early Child Care and Yuth Develpment.
7. What is the authr’s attitude twards the result f the research?
A. Objective(客观) B. DisappintedC. PsitiveD. Satisfied
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。根据新研究表明，学龄前儿童早睡能有效减少他们超重以及日后患肥胖症的几率。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Accrding t a new study, putting preschler （学龄前儿童） in bed by 8 p.m. culd reduce their dances f becming verweight r bese later in life by half. (根据一项新的研究，让学龄前儿童在晚上8点前上床睡觉，可以使他们以后超重或肥胖的几率减半)可知，早睡的孩子能减少超重或者肥胖的几率，可推出，那些晚睡的孩子更有可能变得肥胖，故选D项。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了关于早睡能有效减少儿童肥胖风险的研究，再结合画线词前的verweight(超重)可知，本句是说：根据一项新的研究，让学龄前儿童在晚上8点前上床睡觉，可以使他们以后超重或肥胖的几率减半，因此，画线词词义为“肥胖的”。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Accrding t a new study, putting preschler in bed by 8 p.m. culd reduce their chances f becming verweight r bese later in life by half.( 根据一项新的研究，让学龄前儿童在晚上8点前上床睡觉，可以使他们以后超重或肥胖的几率减半)”以及第三段“Researchers frm the Ohi State University’s Cllege f Public Health have fund that yung children wh g t bed after 9 p.m. are twice as likely t be bese later in life.( 俄亥俄州立大学公共卫生学院的研究人员发现，晚上9点后上床睡觉的年轻儿童在以后肥胖的可能性是他们的两倍)”以及第六段“Researchers used data frm 977 children fr the study. ”（研究人员使用了977名儿童的数据进行研究）可知，八点之前睡觉的孩子变得肥胖的几率最低；这项研究是俄亥俄州立大学公共卫生学院主办的；研究数据来自于977名儿童。因此，关于这项研究，正确的陈述是B项“The result shws that children sleeping befre 8 p.m. have the lwest rate f besity.( 结果显示，晚上8点前睡觉的儿童肥胖率最低)”符合题意。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文首先说明了这项研究的结论以及世界卫生组织认为肥胖会导致很多严重的疾病；接下来的段落中，作者又分别阐述了这项研究的主要作者(The lead authr f the study is Sarah Andersn.)、研究对象是977名儿童（Researchers used data frm 977 children fr the study），最后提到了，全球超重婴幼儿数量在不断增加。根据以上分析，本文主要介绍了关于早睡能有效减少儿童肥胖风险的研究，作者客观介绍了研究结果及过程，没有发表自己的观点。因此，作者对研究结果持的态度是A项“bjective客观的”。故选A。
C
Researchers at the DgStudies lab at the Max Planck Institute fr the Science f Human Histry have shwn that dgs may pssess sme metacgnitive (元认知) abilities. Specifically, when they d nt have enugh infrmatin t slve a prblem, they will actively lk fr mre infrmatin, similarly t primates (灵长类).
In a recent study, prject leader Julia Belger explred whether dgs have metacgnitive abilities. T test this, the researchers designed a device invlving tw V-shaped fences. A reward, either fd r a ty, wuld be placed by ne researcher behind ne f the tw fences while anther researcher held the dgs. In sme cases, the dgs culd see where the reward was placed, while in thers, the dgs culd nt. The researchers then analyzed hw frequently the dgs lked thrugh the gap in the fence befre chsing an ptin.
The researchers fund that the dgs did check significantly mre ften fr the reward when they had nt seen where it was placed. These results shw that dgs d tend t actively seek extra infrmatin when they have nt seen where the reward is cncealed.
The results did nt allw the researchers t say definitively whether dgs pssess meta-cgnitin, thugh they displayed sme evidence fr it. Julia said, “Fr humans, visin is an imprtant infrmatin gathering sense. In this case, ur experiment was based n a checking actin relying n sight, but the dgs prbably als used their sense f smell when checking thrugh the gap. We knw that smell is very imprtant t dgs and we culd see that they were using it.”
Julia added, “In future, we wuld like t develp an experiment t investigate under what circumstances dgs decide t use their sense f smell versus sight. This may give us additinal insights int their infrmatin seeking abilities.”
8. What ability may dgs have accrding t the study?
A. T ffer infrmatin like primates.B. T use their skills t find mre fd.
C. T seek infrmatin t slve a prblem.D. T ask fr help befre chsing an ptin.
9 What des the underlined wrd “cncealed” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Decrated.B. Hidden.C. Prduced.D. Purchased.
10. What attitude did the researchers have t the finding?
A. Uncertain.B. Friendly.C. Negative.D. Critical.
11. In which sectin f a newspaper can yu prbably read the text?
A. Envirnment and technlgy.B. Humans and nature.
C. Literature and culture.D. Sciety and life.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。最近的研究表明狗可能具有一定的元认知能力，但研究者并不能完全确定研究结果的可靠性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Specifically, when they d nt have enugh infrmatin t slve a prblem, they will actively lk fr mre infrmatin, similarly t primates (灵长类).（具体来说，当它们没有足够的信息来解决一个问题时，它们会积极地寻找更多的信息，这与灵长类动物类似。）”可知，狗可能具有搜集信息来解决问题的能力。故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“The researchers fund that the dgs did check significantly mre ften fr the reward when they had nt seen where it was placed.（研究人员发现，当狗没有看到奖励被放在哪里时，它们确实会更频繁地查看奖励。）”可推知，划线词所在的句子意为“这些结果表明，当狗没有看到奖励藏在哪里时，它们确实倾向于主动寻找额外的信息。”。cncealed意为“隐藏”。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“The results did nt allw the researchers t say definitively whether dgs pssess meta-cgnitin, thugh they displayed sme evidence fr it.（研究结果并没有让研究人员确定狗是否具有元认知，尽管他们展示了一些证据。）”可知，研究者们并不能确定狗是否真的具有元认知能力。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。这是一篇科普文，介绍了狗可能具有一定的元认知能力。我们应该可以在报纸的《人与自然》版块阅读到这样的文章。故选B。
D
If yu’re ne f thse peple wh have truble falling asleep, listen up. Yu might fall asleep 15 minutes earlier and wake up far less during the night if yu put n a pair f scks at bedtime.
T understand why, yu first need t understand the relatinship between cre bdy temperature and sleep. During daylight hurs, the human bdy keeps at an average temperature f 37 degrees Celsius. But at night, yur cre bdy temperature reduces as much as 1.2 degrees Celsius ver the curse f six r seven hurs f sleep.
It turns ut that this gradual decrease in cre bdy temperature is a key part f the cmplex neurbilgical dance (神经生物学行为) f falling asleep and staying asleep. And the faster yu can lwer the cre bdy temperature, the faster yu will fall asleep.
One f the ways yur bdy regulates (调节) its temperature is thrugh bld vessels (血管) in yur skin. If the brain decides the bdy is t ht, it will widen bld vessels, guiding warmer bld frm the bdy’s cre t the rest f the bdy t cl it dwn. If the bdy is t cld, the brain signals the ppsite reactin, limiting the flw f bld t the surface.
Accrding t researchers, warming the feet befre ging t sleep prmtes vasdilatin (血管舒张) by using a warm ft bath r wearing scks, which in turn lwers the bdy’s cre temperature faster than ging t sleep with cld, bare feet.
Scientists think scked feet may have a neurlgical effect as well. Inside the PO/AH f the brain is a type f a warm-sensitive neurn (热敏神经元), helping us fall asleep and stay asleep. And if that’s the case, warming up the feet befre bedtime gives warm-sensitive neurns an extra pwer.
In a study, Krean researchers fund that wearing a pair f special “sleeping scks” nt nly quickened sleep, but lengthened verall sleep time by an average f 30 minutes and cut nighttime waking perid in half.
12. What’s the relatinship between cre bdy temperature and sleep?
A. Once yu cntrl yur cre bdy temperature, yu’ll fall asleep quickly.
B. The faster yur cre bdy temperature drps, the faster yu’ll fall asleep.
C. The cre bdy temperature desn’t have anything t d with sleep.
D. The decrease f the cre bdy temperature stps fast sleep.
13. Which f the fllwing is the benefit f sleeping with a pair f scks?
A. Lwering the bdy’s temperature greatly.B. Reducing verall sleep time.
C. Increasing nighttime waking perid.D. Speeding up yur sleep.
14. What can yu infer frm the passage?
A. Peple’s bdy temperature ges up at night.
B. It must be uncmfrtable t wear scks in bed.
C. A warm ft bath might be helpful befre sleeping.
D. Warm-sensitive neurns have n effect n sleep.
15. Hw is the passage mainly develped?
A. By listing numbers.B. By prviding examples.
C. By making cmparisn.D. By giving explanatins.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。研究表明，睡觉时穿一双袜子有利于更快入睡以及减少晚上醒来的次数，因此，本文对核心体温和睡眠之间的关系进行了详细的解释。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。文章第三段“It turns ut that this gradual decrease in cre bdy temperature is a key part f the cmplex neurbilgical dance (神经生物学行为) f falling asleep and staying asleep. And the faster yu can lwer the cre bdy temperature, the faster yu will fall asleep.(事实证明这个核心体温逐渐下降是入睡和保持睡眠状态这个复杂的神经生物学行为的关键部分。你降低核心体温的速度越快，你入睡的速度就越快)”可知，核心体温下降得越快，入睡的速度也越快。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“In a study, Krean researchers fund that wearing a pair f special ‘sleeping scks’ nt nly quickened sleep, but lengthened verall sleep time by an average f 30 minutes and cut nighttime waking perid in half.(韩国研究人员在一项研究中发现，穿一双特殊的‘睡眠袜子’不仅能加快睡眠速度，还能将整体睡眠时间平均延长30分钟，并将夜间醒来的时间缩短一半)”可知，穿着袜子睡觉，可加快入睡速度，延长整体睡眠时间。缩短夜间醒来时间。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。原文倒数第二段“Scientists think scked feet may have a neurlgical effect as well. Inside the PO/AH f the brain is a type f a warm-sensitive neurn (热敏神经元), helping us fall asleep and stay asleep. And if that’s the case, warming up the feet befre bedtime gives warm-sensitive neurns an extra pwer.(科学家们认为穿袜子的脚也可能对神经系统有影响。在大脑的PO/AH内部是一种热敏神经元，帮助我们入睡并保持睡眠。如果是这样的话，睡前暖脚会给热敏感神经元增加额外的能量)”可知，睡前暖脚跟睡觉穿袜子一样，有助于我们入睡和保持睡眠。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，文章第一段提出观点：睡觉时穿袜子有利于睡眠。从第二段“T understand why, yu first need t understand the relatinship between cre bdy temperature and sleep.(要理解其中的原因，你首先需要了解核心体温和睡眠之间的关系)”可知，作者接下来要解释其原理。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
Being a leader can be exhausting. Serving as a rle mdel can leave leaders feeling tired and in need f refreshment.____16____. Frtunately, research prvides the answer.
In their leisure time, leaders need t stp drawing n the resurces they used up at wrk.____17____. Fr example, Bill Gates takes regular “Think Weeks”, during which he stays alne in a remte cabin.
____18____. Needs cme in tw frms—physical and psychlgical. Physical needs include things like sleep. An adequate amunt f sleep may be the mst imprtant recvery mechanism. Leaders als have the psychlgical needs t feel cmpetent and t have satisfying relatinships. Reshma Saujani, the CEO f Girls Wh Cde, satisfies her needs t freely select activities by scheduling “me time” with herself.
Leaders need t relax. ____19____. If leaders are away frm the ffice but still answering emails and respnding t texts, they can’t get psychlgically relaxed and wn’t be fully refreshed. Mark Cuban accmplishes this by putting away his phne when he’s at hme. This allws him t distance himself frm wrk.
____20____. Hbbies let us take advantage f resurces that are different frm thse we use at wrk, satisfy ur needs t feel cmpetent and freely chse hw t spend ur time, and mentally absrb urselves s we frget abut ur wrk rles and bligatins. Any hbby will d.
A. Put wrk ut f their mind
B. Scientists have carried ut sme research
C. Hbbies are the nly slutin t the questin
D. Leaders shuld give thse resurces a break t get back t their best
E. One activity that can satisfy all f these requirements is a hbby
F. Leaders need t satisfy their needs
G. The questin is what is the best way fr leaders t refresh themselves
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。作为一个领导者可能会让人筋疲力尽。作为一个榜样会让领导者感到疲惫，需要振作。文章主要就领导者如何恢复精力说明了一些方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Being a leader can be exhausting. Serving as a rle mdel can leave leaders feeling tired and in need f refreshment.(作为一个领导者可能会让人筋疲力尽。作为一个榜样会让领导者感到疲惫，需要振作)”结合后文提到了领导恢复精力的研究，故G选项“问题是什么是领导们恢复精力的最好方法”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“In their leisure time, leaders need t stp drawing n the resurces they used up at wrk.(在闲暇时间，领导者需要停止利用他们在工作中已经耗尽的资源)”以及后文“Fr example, Bill Gates takes regular “Think Weeks”, during which he stays alne in a remte cabin.(例如，比尔·盖茨定期进行“思考周”，在此期间，他独自呆在一个偏远的小木屋里)”可知，上文提到了领导者停止利用耗尽的资源，后文则用比尔盖茨的思考周举例说明，可知领导者要给资源休息时间，D选项中thse resurces对应上文中resurces。故D选项“领导者应该给这些资源一个休息的时间，让它们回到最佳状态”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Needs cme in tw frms—physical and psychlgical. Physical needs include things like sleep. An adequate amunt f sleep may be the mst imprtant recvery mechanism. Leaders als have the psychlgical needs t feel cmpetent and t have satisfying relatinships. Reshma Saujani, the CEO f Girls Wh Cde, satisfies her needs t freely select activities by scheduling “me time” with herself.(需求有两种形式——生理的和心理的。生理需求包括睡眠。充足的睡眠可能是最重要的恢复机制。领导者在心理上也需要有能力和令人满意的人际关系。Girls Wh Cde的首席执行官Reshma Saujani通过为自己安排“私人时间”来满足她自由选择活动的需求)”可知，本段主要讲述了领导者是如何满足他们的需求的，F选项中needs对应后文中needs。故F选项“领导者需要满足他们的需求”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据后文“If leaders are away frm the ffice but still answering emails and respnding t texts, they can’t get psychlgically relaxed and wn’t be fully refreshed. Mark Cuban accmplishes this by putting away his phne when he’s at hme. This allws him t distance himself frm wrk.(如果领导者不在办公室，但仍在回复邮件和短信，他们就无法从心理上得到放松，也不会得到充分的恢复。马克·库班在家的时候会把手机收起来，以此来实现这一点。 这让他可以远离工作)”可知，后文提到了不在办公室领导者仍在回复邮件和短信，他们就无法从心理上得到放松，也不会得到充分的恢复，可见要在休息时不再想工作的事情，故A选项“别再想工作”符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据后文“Hbbies let us take advantage f resurces that are different frm thse we use at wrk, satisfy ur needs t feel cmpetent and freely chse hw t spend ur time, and mentally absrb urselves s we frget abut ur wrk rles and bligatins. Any hbby will d.(爱好可以让我们利用不同于我们工作中使用的资源，满足我们的需求，让我们感到有能力，自由选择如何度过我们的时间，并使我们的精神专注，从而忘记我们的工作角色和义务。 任何爱好都可以)”可知，本段主要说明了业余爱好对于领导者恢复精力的好处，E选项中a hbby对应后文中Hbbies。故E选项“一项能满足所有这些要求的活动是业余爱好”符合语境，故选E。
第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I have sme students wh are in a difficult stage f life. One student called Susie____21____.
It was in Octber and an after-schl____22____I started teaching in September was well____23____. I was in my____24____when Susie came in. I culd see smething was____25____. “I can’t stay after schl tday because I have t ____26____my little sisters,” I assured her that it wuld nt be a prblem fr her t____27____it. Five minutes later, Susie walked back in. I thught she had left smething behind and asked if she was kay.
She said she was____28____and wuld like t sit in while she was waiting fr her mther t pick her up. I asked Susie if she wuld like t____29____it. Susie answered she preferred nt t. Susie______30______sitting in with us fr the entire activity______31______.
When the activity was ver and the students were______32______gne, I asked Susie why her mther hadn’t cme yet. She tld me, “My dad went ut drinking tw nights ag and hasn’t been hme yet. It’s my______33______t take care f my sisters, and I think my mm is ut lking fr dad.” I wanted t make sure that Susie was really kay. After I was______34______that she was, I tld her. “It’s kay t be tired f being strng fr the adults in yur life. It’s kay t be angry because yu are expected t d adult things nw. It’s kay t be______35______that yur dad may nt be all right. Yu are allwed t be frustrated because yu are______36______a mess yu can’t get ut f.” Susie began t______37______.
That Susie’s family was failing her didn’t mean Susie wuld______38______. I allwed her t knw a little f my childhd. She saw I’d______39______ in my wn life and realized that there was a gd______40______fr her.
21. A. grws upB. stands utC. drps utD. breaks up
22. A. interviewB. turC. celebratinD. activity
23. A. in advanceB. in vainC. under wayD. n display
24. A. fficeB. hmeC. cmpanyD. stre
25. A. unfairB. funC. significantD. wrng
26. A. lk afterB. turn tC. take verD. call fr
27. A. admitB. understandC. missD. avid
28. A. freeB. pleasedC. embarrassedD. fine
29. A. keep up withB. participate inC. care abutD. take advantage f
30. A. fcused nB. put ffC. put up withD. ended up
31. A. argumentB. mealC. classD. cnference
32. A. finallyB. nervuslyC. abruptlyD. cautiusly
33. A. plicyB. requestC. attemptD. respnsibility
34. A. cnfusedB. satisfiedC. annyedD. astnished
35. A. cnfidentB. gratefulC. patientD. afraid
36 A. stuck inB. curius abutC. fnd fD. frightened at
37. A. mveB. escapeC. shakeD. cry
38. A. laughB. leaveC. failD. cmplain
39. A. stayedB. succeededC. survivedD. struggled
40. A. symblB. reasnC. supplyD. future
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者是一名老师，他有很多学生都在经历着人生的艰难阶段，本文主要讲述了作者鼓励其中的一位学生的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一位名叫Susie的学生的情况尤为突出。A. grws up长大；B. stands ut突出，显眼；C. drps ut退出；D. breaks up打破，分解。根据前一句I have sme students wh are in a difficult stage f life.(我有一些处在生活困难阶段的学生)可知，此处是拿Susie作为一个典型、突出的例子，stand ut表示“突出、显眼”，符合语境。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事情发生在十月份，当时我从九月份开始教授的课后活动正在有序进行中。A. interview采访；B. tur旅游；C. celebratin庆祝；D. activity活动。根据空前的after-schl可推知，此处指“课后活动”，第三段最后一句中the entire activity也是提示。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：事情发生在十月份，当时我从九月份开始教授的课外活动正在有序进行中。A. in advance提前；B. in vain徒劳；C. under way正在进行中；D. n display展示。根据下文第四段开头When the activity was ver可知，此处指课外活动“正在进行中”。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Susie进来的时候，我正在办公室里。A. ffice办公室；B. hme家；C. cmpany公司；D. stre商店。根据语境可知，作者是一名老师，此时正在进行课后活动，所以此处指在“办公室”，其他选项不符合语境。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我能够看出她遇到一些麻烦。A. unfair不公平的；B. fun有趣的；C. significant重要的，有意义的；D. wrng错误的。根据下一句Susie 说的话I can’t stay after schl tday because I have t ____6____my little sisters.可推知，作者看出来Susie来找自己是有一些异常情况要说，故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为我不得不照顾我的妹妹。A. lk after照顾；B. turn t求助于；C. take ver接管；D. call fr需要，要求。根据I can’t stay after schl tday可推知，Susie放学后不能在学校逗留是因为要照顾妹妹，下一段中take care f my sisters也是提示。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向她保证她缺席课后活动没有什么问题。A. admit承认；B. understand理解；C. miss错过，思念；D. avid避免。上文Susie说自己放学后不能逗留，此处是作者安慰她“错过”课外活动没关系。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她回答说她很好。A. free自由的；B. pleased开心的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. fine好的，（天气）晴朗的。根据上文asked if she was kay及下文I wanted t make sure that Susie was really kay.(我想确认她是否真的很好)可知，此处Susie回答说她“很好”。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我问Susie她是否愿意参加课后活动。A. keep up with跟上；B. participate in参加；C. care abut关心，在乎；D. take advantage f利用。根据上文wuld like t sit in while she was waiting fr her mther t pick her up可知，Susie想在这儿坐一会儿等她妈妈来接她，此处指作者问她是否想趁这个时间“参加”课后活动。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果Susie整个活动课都坐在里面，和我们在一起。A. fcused n专注于；B. put ff推迟，取消；C. put up with忍受；D. ended up结束。根据Susie answered she preferred nt t.可知，Susie说不太想参加，结果就一直坐着，end up ding sth.表示“结果是（做），以做……而告终故”，符合题意。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果Susie整个活动课都坐在里面，和我们在一起。A. argument争论；B. meal一餐，饭；C. class课，课堂；D. cnference会议。根据上文内容可知，学生们正在上活动课，所以选class。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当活动结束后，学生们最终都走了。A. finally最后；B. nervusly紧张地；C. abruptly突然；D. cautiusly谨慎地。根据When the activity was ver可知，此处指“最后”学生们都走了。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：照顾我的妹妹是我的责任。A. plicy政策；B. request请求，要求；C. attempt尝试；D. respnsibility责任。根据空前My dad went ut drinking tw nights ag and hasn’t been hme yet.及空后and I think my mm is ut lking fr dad.可知，爸爸妈妈都不在家，Susie认为照顾妹妹是自己的“责任”。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我听说她没有问题而感到满意之后，我告诉她。A. cnfused困惑的；B. satisfied满意的；C. annyed烦恼的，生气的；D. astnished惊讶的。根据上文I wanted t make sure that Susie was really kay.可知，作者想确认Susie是真的没事，再由本句中that she was可知，Susie真的没事，作者感到满意，其他选项不符合语境。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：担心你的父亲也许会出问题是正常的。A. cnfident自信的；B. grateful感激的；C. patient耐心的；D. afraid害怕的。根据空后yur dad may nt be all right可知，父亲出问题，作为孩子觉得“担心，害怕”是正常的。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：因为你陷入困境而无法自拔，所有你可以感到沮丧。A. stuck in陷入；B. curius abut对……好奇；C. fnd f喜爱；D. frightened at受……惊吓。根据空后yu can’t get ut f可推知，此处指“陷入”困境无法自拔。故选A项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Susie开始哭了起来。A. mve移动；B. escape逃跑；C. shake摇晃；D. cry哭。上文作者安慰并鼓励Susie，此处指Susie听了之后“哭”了起来。故选D项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Susie的家庭使她失望并不意味着她会失败。A. laugh大笑；B. leave离开；C. fail失败；D. cmplain抱怨。根据上文作者一直鼓励Susie可知，作者认为，虽然Susie家境不好，但是这并不能决定Susie的命运，此处“fail”符合语境。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她看到了我在我自己的生活中成功了。A. stayed逗留；B. succeeded成功；C. survived生存；D. struggled挣扎。根据I allwed her t knw a little f my childhd.可推知，作者的童年和Susie类似，现在作者是一名老师，所以虽然有不好的童年，但是现在是成功的。此处succeeded与上文中fail形成对比。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她意识到她也会有一个好的前程。A. symbl象征；B. reasn原因；C. supply供应；D. future将来。此处指Susie知道作者的经历后，意识到她自己也会有一个美好的“将来”。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese Medicine Fd
Medicine fd is a unique cking style in Chinese cuisine. It is a perfect ____41____(cmbine) f Chinese cking and traditinal Chinese medicine t get the effects f health keeping. It is a skillful applicatin f the yin and yang (阴阳) thery ____42____ (strength) the functin f fd and herbs.
The Chinese srt each type f vegetable and meat in terms f yin and yang, and cmbine vegetables with meat, ____43____ will make each cked dish balanced.
During the 5th century BC, cks created cuisines with medical values and develped Chinese art f cking, ____44____(use) the nature f fd t balance the diet. There were rules n hw t arrange daily diet and lists f certain herbs and vegetables beneficial ____45____ the bdy.
By the Sng dynasty, ____46____ was recrded that many diseases culd be cured thrugh prper diet. Different fds were srted accrding t their riginal nature. Cld fds ____47____(believe) t remve fever while warm fds reduce running nses.
Knwing the nature f individual fds ____48____(enable) the Chinese t eat right fd t prtect ____49____(vary) f inside rgans and balance the yin and yang f the bdy. Fr example, sur fd eases sme disrders. ____50____(slight) sweet fd relieves illness related t the veins and bitter fd helps t cure an verheated bdy.
【答案】41. cmbinatin
42. t strengthen
43. which 44. using
45. t 46. it
47. were believed
48. enables
49. varieties
50. Slightly
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的药膳的益处和历史。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：它是中餐与中药的完美结合，达到养生保健的效果。perfect形容词修饰名词。cmbinatin作表语。故填cmbinatin。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它是对阴阳理论的巧妙应用，以增强食物和草药的功能。应用阴阳理论的目的是增强功能，t d不定式表达目的，strength的动词形式是strengthen。故填t strengthen。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国人对每一种蔬菜和肉类进行阴阳分类，把蔬菜和肉类结合起来，这样每道菜都会平衡。这个非限制性定语从句的先行词是逗号前面的一整句话，且从句缺主语，故用指物且能做主语的关系代词。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：公元前5世纪，厨师创造了具有医学价值的菜肴，发展了中国烹饪艺术，利用食物的性质来平衡饮食。本句已有谓语，故此处用非谓语，use和句子主语cks之间是主动关系。故填using。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：关于如何安排日常饮食以及某些对身体有益的草药和蔬菜的清单有规定。be beneficial t：对……有益。故填t。
【46题详解】
考查代词。句意：到了宋代，据记载，许多疾病可以通过适当的饮食来治愈。此处it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的从句。故填it。
【47题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：人们认为冷食可以退烧，而热食可以减少流鼻涕。此句主语是Cld fds指物，谓语动词用被动，又结合上下文可知这里描述的是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。故填were believed。
【48题详解】
考查动词。句意：了解个别食物的性质，使中国人能够吃对食物，以保护内部器官的多样性，平衡身体的阴阳。此句Knwing the nature f individual fds是现在分词短语做主语，主语为单数，结合下文可知时态用一般现在时。故填enables。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：了解个别食物的性质，使中国人能够吃对食物，以保护内部器官的多样性，平衡身体的阴阳。varieties f：各种各样的。故填varieties。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：微甜的食物可以缓解与静脉有关的疾病，而苦味的食物有助于治愈过热的身体。sweet是形容词，应该用副词修饰。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Slightly。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Chengdu is knwn fr a “laid-back” city. A relaxing teahuse culture and a lively nightlife that mix beer bars and Sichuan pera shws cntribute t their unique charm. Hundreds f Sichuan dishes and spicy htpts sure impress visitrs. If lucky enugh, ne can see muntains cver by snw frm the city even in summer, which is ne f the mst amazing sight there. The city increased green space since 2009 as a result f an air pllutin. With ver 10 millin turists visit the city every year, Chengdu has s much t ffer. Unless yu have time, yu may g there t explre it by yurself.
【答案】1. fr→as
2. mix→mixes
3. their→its
4. sure→surely
5. cver→cvered
6. sight→sights
7. increased前加has
8. 去掉an
9. visit→visiting
10. Unless→If/When
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了成都这座旅游城市的独特魅力。
【详解】1.考查介词。句意：成都素有“悠闲城市”之称。固定短语be knwn as意为“作为……（称号）而出名”，本句中“悠闲城市”是成都的一个称号，用介词as，故将fr改为as。
2.考查主谓一致。句意：令人放松的茶馆文化和结合了酒吧与川剧表演的热闹夜生活，使其具有独特的魅力。分析句子结构，that引导定语从句，先行词是a lively nightlife，因此从句中的谓语动词要用第三人称单数，故将mix改为mixes。
3.考查代词。句意：令人放松的茶馆文化和结合了酒吧与川剧表演的热闹夜生活，使其具有独特的魅力。分析语境，unique charm（独特的魅力）指的是成都这座城市的独特魅力，即Chengdu’s，对应的代词为its，故将their改为its。
4.考查副词。句意：数以百计的四川菜和麻辣火锅肯定会给游客留下深刻印象。修饰动词impress应用副词surely（当然，无疑，肯定地），故将sure改为surely。
5.考查后置定语。句意：有幸，即使在夏天也能从城市里看到被雪覆盖的山。非谓语动词cver作后置定语修饰muntains，两者之间构成被动关系，muntains cvered by snw（被雪覆盖着的山），故应用过去分词作后置定语，故将cver改为cvered。
6.考查名词。句意：这是那儿最令人惊叹的风景之一。sight作“风景”时为可数名词，结构“……之一”为ne f+复数名词，故sight应用复数，故将sight改为sights。
7.考查现在完成时，句意：由于空气污染，这座城市自2009年以来增加了绿地面积。根据语境和提示词since（自从），可知应用现在完成时，又由于主语为第三人称单数，助动词应该用has，故在increased前加has。
8.考查冠词与名词。句意：由于空气污染，这座城市自2009年以来增加了绿地面积。air pllutin（空气污染）是不可数名词，不能使用不定冠词，故删除an。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：每年有超过1000万的游客来成都旅游，成都有很多可以提供的东西。介词with后接宾语turists（游客），turists（游客）与其后的动词visit（拜访，参观）构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作宾补，将visit改为visiting。
10.考查连词。句意：如果你有时间，你可以自己去那里探索。分析语境，此处表示探索的条件，“如果你有时间”或者“当你有时间的时候”，而不是“除非你有时间”，故将Unless改为If或者When。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华, 你的留学生朋友 Steven 打算在你市找一家中国餐馆庆祝生日｡为此, 他发邮件向你打听相关事宜｡请你用英语给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表达祝愿；
2. 推荐餐馆(地址､价格､菜肴等)；
3. 建议预订｡
注意:1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数｡
Dear Steven,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Steven,
I'm glad t knw yur birthday is cming and I want t give yu my sincere wishes and express “Happy birthday t yu”.
In rder t have a great birthday, it's necessary fr yu t find a suitable restaurant. Nw, let me share ne with yu. There is a gd restaurant near the city library, the price f which is cheaper cmpared with many ther Chinese restaurants. Mre imprtantly, the dishes f it such as fish, beef and seasnal vegetables are very gd. Sme f my friends think they are delicius after eating there. Because there are many guests ging t the restaurant, I suggest yu bk it in advance. I hpe my suggestins will be helpful t yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件：假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友 Steven 打算在你市找一家中国餐馆庆祝生日｡为此，他发邮件向你打听相关事宜｡请你用英语给他回封邮件，内容包括：1. 表达祝愿；2. 推荐餐馆(地址､价格､菜肴等)；3. 建议预订｡
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：give yu my sincere wishes（给你我真诚的祝福）；In rder t have a great birthday（为了有一个伟大的生日）；a gd restaurant near the city library（在市图书馆附近有一家很好的餐馆）；seasnal vegetables（时令蔬菜）；等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
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