适用于老高考旧教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解考点分类练6推理判断题4（附解析）

这是一份适用于老高考旧教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解考点分类练6推理判断题4（附解析），共7页。
Passage1
(2023河北邯郸一模)
There have been a few times in my life when I felt very lnely.I particularly remember my lneliness when I mved t New Yrk City.I had a cuple f friends in the city;hwever,it was a time in my life when I needed t put frth sme effrt t frm mre meaningful relatinships.But the mre I went ut t parties,the mre discnnected and lnely I felt.Feeling lnely in a rm full f peple,r in my case,a whle city packed with peple everywhere,was the lneliest I have ever felt.
S,rather than trying a new way t make friends,I was mre likely t ignre phne calls frm friends,and I lked at scial invitatins and pprtunities t meet new peple as drudgery.Lking back n this perid f lneliness,I wnder at the way I islated myself instead f reaching ut t thse wh were willing t keep me cmpany and ffer friendship.
What I have learned frm my wn experience and the experience f many f my friends is that mre ften than nt,thse wh feel lnely chse islatin.Indeed many f my wn friends describe aviding scial life as a way f dealing with feelings f lneliness.
This behavir is smewhat cmmn,and new research takes a big step twards explaining this behavir.Accrding t leading experts n the lneliness,Stephanie and Jhn Cacipp,there is an evlutinary explanatin fr this tendency t islate when we are feeling lnely.By mnitring lnely peple’s brainwaves,they fund that lnely peple tend t respnd negatively t scial life.“Lneliness causes sme brain-related changes that put us int a scially nervus mde,” Dr.Christian Jarrett explains.
Making urselves aware f this evlutinary natural tendency culd actually be the first step in fighting lneliness.Once we knw that we are mre sensitive t negativity during lnely spells,we can fcus ur energy n resisting the desire t put up walls.
1.What happened t the authr after she mved t New Yrk City?
A.She had n friends there.
B.She lacked cnfidence there.
C.She needed pprtunities fr parties.
D.She felt lnely even with peple present.
2.Hw did the authr try t deal with her situatin?
A.By refusing t g ut t meet thers.
B.By lking fr slutins n the Internet.
C.By trying varius methds t make friends.
D.By ding sme drudgery t frget her prblem.
3.WhatdidStephanieandJhnCacippfindintheirresearch?
A.Lnely peple tend t disgust scial life.
B.Peple respnd negatively t lnely peple.
C.Lneliness can d great harm t peple’s health.
D.Lneliness can be caused by a scially nervus mde.
4.Whatdestheauthrmstprbablywanttshwinthetext?
A.We shuldn’t be influenced by negativity.
B.We shuldn’t chse islatin when we feel lnely.
C.We shuld make friends based n scientific findings.
D.We shuld spend mre time with friends than relatives.
Passage2
(2023安徽宣城二模)
I knw it may be hard t cnvince yu,but let me try:Dn’t kill the next spider yu see in yur hme.
Peple like t think f their dwellings as safely separated frm the utside wrld,but many types f spiders can be fund inside.Sme are accidentally trapped,while thers are shrt-term visitrs.Sme species even enjy the great indrs,where they happily live ut their lives and make mre spiders.These fellws are usually secretive,and almst all yu meet are neither aggressive nr dangerus.And they may be prviding services like eating pests—sme even eat ther spiders.
My clleagues and I cnducted a visual survey f 50 Nrth Carlina hmes.Every single huse we visited was hme t spiders.The mst cmmn species we encuntered were cbweb spiders and cellar spiders.Bth build webs where they lie in wait fr prey(猎物) t get caught.Cellar spiders smetimes leave their webs t hunt ther spiders.
Althugh they are all-arund predatrs(捕食性动物),tending t eat anything they can catch,spiders regularly capture harmful pests and even disease-carrying insects—fr example,msquites.There’s even a species f jumping spider that prefers t eat bld-filled msquites in African hmes.S killing a spider desn’t just cst the insect its life;it may take an imprtant predatr ut f yur hme.
It’s natural t fear spiders.They have lts f legs and almst all are venmus—thugh the majrity f species have venm(毒液) t weak t cause issues in humans,if their fangs can pierce ur skin at all.Even entmlgists themselves can fall prey t arachnphbia(蜘蛛恐惧症).I knw a few spider researchers wh vercame their fear by bserving and wrking with these fascinating creatures.If they can d it,s can yu!
5.Whatisacmmnmisunderstandingfspidersaccrdingtparagraph2?
A.They can be trapped easily.
B.They ften attack human beings.
C.They are friendly t human beings.
D.They live far away frm human beings.
6.What will happen if yu kill a spider in yur hme?
A.Lse a great assistant.
B.Catch mre insects.
C.Develp rare diseases.
D.Rescue ther insects.
7.Hw can peple get ver their fear f spiders?
A.By discvering their habitats.
B.By prtecting their skin.
C.By getting alng with them.
D.By recgnizing their venm.
8.Whatdesthetextsuggestpepledabutspiders?
A.Spare spiders.
B.Mnitr spiders.
C.Defeat spiders.
D.Cntrl spiders.
Passage3
(2023陕西宝鸡高三模拟)
Reading while traveling is mre than pleasurable;it’s a necessity.It means resting ur heads against the windw while traveling n the subway,train,r bus,and immersing urselves in distant wrlds and ther peple’s lives.These waves f wrds help us make the jurney seem shrter and distance urselves frm the nise.It can make ur jurney meaningful and help us t start ur wrking days with renewed energy and enthusiasm.
Reading while traveling brings a unique cntext t ne’s reading.Many peple take specific bks with them t tie int the places they’re traveling t.Few things are as enjyable and satisfying as lifting yur eyes t find yurself in the very same cuntry,setting,r cntext that the bk is set in.Of curse,it isn’t necessary t visit the exact places in a nvel in rder t experience the sensatins that the authr is trying t transmit t yu.Just the simple fact f being utside the fur walls f yur huse brings new ingredients t reading:sunds,lights,faces,and sensatins,amng ther things.
Reading while traveling imprves yur ability t cncentrate.The truth is that nt all peple are able t cncentrate n a bk while they’re traveling.Our urban wrld is nisy.Hwever,it’s interesting t nte that thse wh have becme used t reading while traveling have develped unique cncentratin and fcusing skills.The ability t read,understand,and visualize ther wrlds and plts is a skill that can be applied t many ther areas in life.
Reading,which is a ticket that transprts yu t places far beynd yur physical destinatin,is a prtable pastime.Yu dn’t have t be in bed r n the cuch in rder t be able t enjy a bk.Reading while traveling is a great way t make the mst f yur time,thereby turning thse mments f inactivity int very active nes fr yur brain.The nly danger that we culd pint ut is that yu may get s immersed in yur bk that yu might miss yur stp!
9.Whatcanbeinferredfrmthefirstparagraph?
A.Leaning against the windw is recmmended.
B.Wrds can keep readers distanced frm the wrld.
C.Enjying a bk makes sufferings frm nise pleasant.
D.Reading helps travelers absrbed in anther wrld.
10.Hw d yu feel when yu are explring the places yu have read abut in persn?
A.Lst. B.Uneasy.
C.Sensitive.D.Overjyed.
11.Whatcanwelearnabutthsewhareaccustmedtreadingwhiletraveling?
A.They can’t bear being in a nisy atmsphere.
B.They are unlikely t be distracted at wrk.
C.They can hardly keep fcused n anything else.
D.They tend t be bkish and unrealistic.
12.Whatcanbecncludedabutreadingwhiletravelingfrmthelastparagraph?
A.It partly replaces physical exercise.
B.It can bst travelers’ brain health.
C.It keeps yu frm missing stps.
D.It requires a favrable envirnment.
答案：
Passage1
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了尽管我们在感到孤独的时候会对社交活动产生抵触,但应该尽量避免这样做。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Feelinglnelyinarmfullfpeple,rinmycase,awhlecitypackedwithpepleeverywhere,wasthelneliestIhaveeverfelt.”可知,作者发现自己跟很多人在一起时仍然感到孤独。故选D项。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段可知,作者选择不外出和别人进行社交活动。
3.A 推理判断题。根据第四段第三、四句“Bymnitringlnelypeple’sbrainwaves,theyfundthatlnelypepletendtrespndnegativelytsciallife.‘Lnelinesscausessmebrain-relatedchangesthatputusintasciallynervusmde,’ Dr.ChristianJarrettexplains.”可知,他们发现感到孤独的人倾向于厌恶社交活动。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,当我们感到孤单时,我们也不应该拒绝社交活动。
Passage2
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过介绍蜘蛛的生活习性以及给人类生活带来的好处,劝导人们不要杀害蜘蛛。
5.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Pepleliketthinkftheirdwellingsassafelyseparatedfrmtheutsidewrld,butmanytypesfspiderscanbefundinside.”可知,人们觉得自己生活在一个与外界安全隔离的地方,但是蜘蛛却可以在室内被发现,由此可知,人们常见的误解是蜘蛛住得离人类很远。
6.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Skillingaspiderdesn’tjustcsttheinsectitslife;itmaytakeanimprtantpredatrutfyurhme.”可知,杀死蜘蛛意味着把重要的捕食者带走,也就是说,你失去了一个了不起的助手。
7.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Iknwafewspiderresearcherswhvercametheirfearbybservingandwrkingwiththesefascinatingcreatures.Iftheycandit,scanyu!”可知,蜘蛛研究员是通过观察和研究起这些小生物来克服对蜘蛛的恐惧的,而且作者认为他们能做到的,你也可以做到,由此可知,人们可以通过与蜘蛛相处来克服对蜘蛛的恐惧。
8.A 推理判断题。根据第一段以及下文对蜘蛛生活习性和对人类的好处的介绍可知,作者是要通过介绍蜘蛛对人类的好处而尽力地劝说人们不要伤害蜘蛛,所以本文建议人们要放过蜘蛛。
Passage3
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述旅行阅读让人心情愉悦,可以使旅程更有意义,并帮助我们以新的精力和热情开始我们的工作。
9.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Readingwhiletravelingismrethanpleasurable;it’sanecessity.Itmeansrestingurheadsagainstthewindwwhiletravelingnthesubway,train,rbus,andimmersingurselvesindistantwrldsandtherpeple’slives.”可知,旅行阅读让我们沉浸在另一个世界,故选D项。
10.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fewthingsareasenjyableandsatisfyingasliftingyureyestfindyurselfintheverysamecuntry,setting,rcntextthatthebkissetin.”可知当你亲自探索你读到过的地方时,你会感到开心和满足,故选D项。
11.B 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,旅行阅读可以提高注意力,因此那些习惯在旅行中阅读的人更能集中注意力,在工作中不分心,故选B项。
12.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Readingwhiletravelingisagreatwaytmakethemstfyurtime,therebyturningthsemmentsfinactivityintveryactivenesfryurbrain.”可知,旅行阅读可以促进旅行者的大脑健康。故选B项。
词汇积累:
1.(Passage 1)put frth发挥(力量、精力等)
2.(Passage 1)lk back n回顾
3.(Passage 1)keep sb.cmpany陪伴某人
4.(Passage 1)mre ften than nt通常,多半
5.(Passage 1)tendency n.趋势,趋向
6.(Passage 1)be sensitive t对……敏感
7.(Passage 1)resist vt.抵制
8.(Passage 2)cnvince v.使信服
9.(Passage 2)accidentally adv.意外地,偶然地
10.(Passage 2)aggressive adj.好斗的,挑衅的
11.(Passage 3)immerse v.沉浸在
12.(Passage 3)transmit v.传送,输送
熟词生义:
(Passage 3)distance vt.与……疏远
长难句分析:
(Passage 2)Althugh they are all-arund predatrs,tending t eat anything they can catch,spiders regularly capture harmful pests and even disease-carrying insects—fr example,msquites.
分析:本句为复合句。Althugh they are all-arund predatrs为Althugh引导的让步状语从句;they can catch为定语从句,修饰先行词anything。
句意:虽然它们是全能的捕食者,倾向于吃掉它们能抓到的任何东西,但蜘蛛经常捕捉有害的害虫,甚至是携带疾病的昆虫,比如蚊子。