适用于新高考新教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解文体分类练7新闻报道（附解析）

这是一份适用于新高考新教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解文体分类练7新闻报道（附解析），共7页。
Passage1
(2023湖南岳阳二模)
Deveza’s mther was n the waiting list fr a kidney transplant(肾移植).Deveza wanted t dnate ne f her wn kidneys—but she was turned dwn because she might develp the same health prblems as her mther in later life.
Deveza came up with a different plan.In 2017,she started the wrld’s first paired exchange f different rgans between living dnrs,exchanging half her liver(肝) fr smene else’s kidney.A case study f the rgan exchange has nw been published,and the surgens wh were invlved are calling fr mre exchanges like this.“Yu can imagine the enrmus impact fr mixed rgan extended chains,” says Jhn Rberts,a surgen at University f Califrnia,San Francisc.
Mst rgan transplants cme frm peple wh have died,but there are never enugh rgans.As mst peple can manage with just ne f their kidneys,peple with kidney failure are increasingly receiving dnated rgans frm relatives r friends.If smene wants t dnate but their immune system is unsuited,dctrs may be able t find pairs f wuld-be dnrs wh can each give a kidney t the ther’s relative.
When Deveza was lking int such chains,she came acrss research describing the idea f trading a kidney with the nly ther rgan generally taken frm a living dnr—the liver.She suggested the idea t many hspitals befre she finally cntacted Rberts,wh saw the idea’s ptential.
Deveza was assessed t be in gd enugh health t dnate part f her liver.It then tk 18 mnths t find Annie Simmns,in Idah,whse liver was unsuitable t use as a transplant fr her sister with severe liver disease.They drew up a plan:Simmns wuld dnate a kidney t Deveza’s mther,and in return,Deveza wuld give half her liver t Simmns’ sister.The hspital gave the g-ahead and the fur peratins tk place n the same day successfully.
The team hpes that the grund-breaking case will inspire mre peple t cnsider ding the same.Rberts says that direct exchanges invlving tw dnrs culd enable up t thirty extra living-dnr liver transplants a year—a ten percent increase.
1.What did Deveza d t save her mther?
A.Carrying ut a case study.
B.Calling fr kidney dnatins.
C.Launching a medical experiment.
D.Trading half her liver fr a kidney.
2.What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A.Patients’ desperatin t survive.
B.Several surces f rgan dnatin.
C.Current situatin f rgan transplants.
D.Dctrs’ effrts t imprve rgan transplants.
3.What can be inferred abut the rgan exchange between Deveza and Simmns?
A.It discuraged rgan dnatin.
B.It brught tw families tgether.
C.It met with widespread apprval.
D.It prduced a desirable utcme.
4.What is the best title fr the text?
A.My Liver,Yur Kidney
B.Mther’s Lve,Our Happiness
C.Organ Transplant:Blessing fr Patients
D.Organ Exchange:Majr Medical Advances
Passage2
(2023山东青岛一模)
A six-year-ld lnging t keep a unicrn in her backyard figured she’d get the hard part ut f the way first.
Last Nvember,Madeline wrte a letter t the Ls Angeles Cunty Department f Animal Care and Cntrl with a straightfrward request.“Dear LA Cunty,I wuld like yur apprval if I can have a unicrn in my backyard if I can find ne.Please send me a letter in respnse.”
Directr Mayeda replied tw weeks later.The department des in fact license unicrns,she said,under certain cnditins.Thse include plishing the unicrn’s hrn at least nce a mnth with a sft clth,feeding it watermeln at least nce a week,cvering it with nly nntxic and bidegradable sparkles and giving it regular access t sunlight,mnbeams and rainbws.And,because unicrns are indeed very rare t find,the department is als giving Madeline a ty unicrn t keep her cmpany during her search,as a tken f appreciatin.
“It is always rewarding t hear frm yung peple wh thughtfully cnsider the requirements f prviding a lving hme fr animals,” Mayeda wrte in the letter.“I like yur sense f respnsible pet wnership t seek permissin in advance t keep a unicrn in Ls Angeles Cunty.”
Mayeda tld TheWashingtnPst that this is the first time the department has received a request fr a license fr a unicrn r any mythical creature.They were impressed with the first-grader fr wanting t ask permissin in the first place,and ding her research t wrk ut hw t g abut that.She and her clleagues deal with a lt f “life-and-death” issues n the jb,whether that’s seeing cases f animal abuse r animals hurting peple r making decisins abut having t put dwn dangerus r sick animals.S Madeline’s letter has cnsiderably brightened their spirits,and she is due t visit the department this week t discuss her unicrn license applicatin.Safe t say,she’s in fr a magical surprise.
5.Why did Madeline write the letter?
A.T apply t visit a unicrn.
B.T learn t prvide animal care.
C.T ask permissin t keep a pet.
D.T figure ut hw t find a unicrn.
6.What can we learn frm paragraph 3?
A.Her applicatin was disapprved.
B.Requirements shuld be met fr the license.
C.She was presented with a live unicrn.
D.Guidance was given fr her search.
7.Which f the fllwing best describes Mayeda?
A.Imaginative.B.Sensitive.
C.Flexible.D.Cnvincing.
8.Why des the department think the letter “has brightened their spirits”?
A.Because it is the first applicatin letter fr a pet.
B.Because animal prtectin is a life-and-death issue.
C.Because they are wrn ut with their daily wrk.
D.Because they are tuched with the girl’s deeds.
Passage3
(2023广东茂名二模)
Hlding the large and heavy “brick” cellphne he’s credited with inventing 50 years ag,Martin Cper talks abut the future.
Little did he knw when he made the first call n a New Yrk City street frm a heavy Mtrla prttype(原型)that ur wrld wuld cme t be encapsulated n a sleek glass sheath where we search,cnnect,like and buy.
Cper says he is an ptimist.He believes that advances in mbile technlgy will cntinue t transfrm lives but he is wrried abut risks smartphnes pse t privacy and yung peple.
“My mst negative pinin is that we dn’t have any privacy anymre because everything abut us is nw recrded smeplace and accessible t smebdy wh has enugh intense desire t get it,” the 94-year-ld said in an interview in Barcelna at MWC,the Mbile Wrld Cngress,the wrld’s biggest wireless trade shw,where he was getting a lifetime award.
Cper sees a dark side t the advances,including the risk t children.One idea,he said,is t have“varius Internets intended fr different audiences”.
Cper made the first public call frm a handheld prtable telephne n a Manhattan street n April 3,1973,using a prttype device his team at Mtrla had started designing just five mnths earlier.
Cper used the DynaTAC phne t famusly call his ppnent at Bell Labs,wned by AT&T.It was literally the wrld’s first brick phne,weighing 2.5 punds and measuring 11 inches.Cper spent the best part f the next decade wrking t bring a cmmercial versin f the device t market.
The call helped kick-start the cellphne revlutin.
Cper said he’s “nt crazy” abut the shape f mdern smartphnes.He thinks they will develp s that they’ll be “distributed n yur bdy”,pssibly as sensrs “measuring yur health at all times”.
Batteries,he said,might be replaced by human energy.The bdy makes energy frm fd,he argues,s it culd pssibly als pwer a phne.Instead f hlding the phne in the hand,fr example,the device culd be placed under the skin.
9.What des the underlined part “a sleek glass sheath” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A.A smartphne. B.A Mtrla prttype.
C.A “brick” cellphne.D.An riginal cellphne.
10.What is Cper’s attitude abut the future f the mbile phne?
A.Mst negative.
B.Very subjective.
C.Dubtful and disapprving.
D.Optimistic but als cncerned.
11.What can be inferred abut children frm paragraph 5?
A.They shuld be prvided with a different Internet frm adults.
B.They shuld have easy access t varius Internets.
C.They shuld be intrduced t different audiences.
D.They shuld use varius Internets fr learning materials.
12.Accrding t Cper,hw might smartphnes be pwered in the future?
A.By bdy sensrs.B.By human bdy.
C.By slar energy.D.By advanced batteries.
答案：
文体分类练(七) 新闻报道
Passage1
[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Deveza用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏给自己的妈妈,并取得了成功。这一成功的案例具有积极的影响。
1.D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Devezacameupwithadifferentplan.In2017,shestartedthewrld’sfirstpairedexchangefdifferentrgansbetweenlivingdnrs,exchanginghalfherliverfrsmeneelse’skidney.”可知,Deveza为了帮助妈妈移植合适的肾脏,用自己的一半肝脏作为交换。
2.C 主旨大意题。结合第三段的“”“peplewithkidneyfailureareincreasinglyreceivingdnatedrgansfrmrelativesrfriends”和“dctrsmaybeabletfindpairsfwuld-bednrswhcaneachgiveakidneytthether’srelative”可知,该段主要讲述了器官移植的现状。
3.D 推理判断题。根据文章尾段内容可知,她们两个的“器官互换”的成功可以对其他人产生激励作用,从而使直接交换器官的案例增加。由此可推知,这产生了令人满意的结果。
4.A 主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知,文章第二段中的“In2017,shestartedthewrld’sfirstpairedexchangefdifferentrgansbetweenlivingdnrs,exchanginghalfherliverfrsmeneelse’skidney.”为核心话题——文章主要讲述了Deveza用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏给自己的妈妈,并取得了成功,下文则以此为延伸讲述了其可能产生的积极影响。因此,选项A“MyLiver,YurKidney”不仅贴合主旨,且作为标题更具有吸引力。
Passage2
[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了六岁的孩子Madeline写信给洛杉矶县动物保护与控制部门,希望获得许可养一只独角兽。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第二段可知,Madeline写这封信是为了请求允许养宠物。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中所列举的饲养独角兽的条件可知,要获得许可应满足一些要求。
7.B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Mayeda的回信内容可推知,Mayeda很体贴。
8.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,Mayeda与同事平时要处理许多“生死问题”,他们认为这封信“振奋了他们的精神”,因为他们被女孩认真的行为感动了。
Passage3
[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了“手机之父”马丁·库珀在接受采访时谈了自己对目前智能手机的一些看法以及他对智能手机未来的一些构想。
9.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词组后的定语从句“wherewesearch,cnnect,likeandbuy”可知,该物品能同时让人们搜索、连接网络、点赞以及上网购物,因此画线词组指的是“智能手机”。
10.D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知,库珀对智能手机的未来持有乐观的态度,但是不乏抱有担忧。
11.A 推理判断题。根据文章第五段可知,马丁·库珀认为不同的受众应该被提供不同的互联网,也就是说应该给孩子提供不同的互联网。
12.B 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知,他认为未来的手机有可能从人体获得能量。
词汇积累:
1.(Passage 1)turn dwn拒绝
2.(Passage 1)用……来换取……
3.(Passage 1)call fr要求
4.(Passage 1)draw up草拟
5.(Passage 2)lng t d sth.渴望做某事
6.(Passage 2)apprval n.批准
7.(Passage 2)in respnse作为回应
8.(Passage 3)be credited with ding sth.做某事是……的功劳
9.(Passage 3)literally adv.真正地,确实
熟词生义:
(Passage 1)failure n.衰竭
长难句分析:
(Passage 1)If smene wants t dnate but their immune system is unsuited,dctrs may be able t find pairs f wuld-be dnrs wh can each give a kidney t the ther’s relative.
分析:本句为复合句。If smene wants t dnate but their immune system is unsuited为if引导的条件状语从句;wh can each give a kidney t the ther’s relative为wh引导的定语从句。
句意:如果有人想捐献肾脏,但他们的免疫系统不适合,医生可能会找到一对潜在的捐赠者,他们可以将肾脏捐给对方的亲属。