2022-2023学年湖南省岳阳市高三上学期开学检测英语试题及答案

这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省岳阳市高三上学期开学检测英语试题及答案，共29页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. Where will the man drive?
A. On Spruce Street. B. On Bradway. C. On First Avenue.
2. What will the wman bring the man?
A. Orange juice and bacn. B. Cffee, eggs, and bacn. C. Tea and eggs.
3. What will the weather be like tmrrw afternn?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cludy.
4. Why des the wman ask fr anther pair f pants?
A. She needs a different size. B. The pants are damaged. C. She wants t buy tw pairs.
5. What des the man decide t d next?
A. Cntinue watching the mvie. B. Watch a different mvie. C. G t the café.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
6. What Grade Pint Average (GPA) des the man have?
A. A 4.0. B. A 3.3. C. A 2.4.
7. What des the wman suggest abut her study habits?
A. They helped her get int medical schl.
B. She was t busy with friends t study.
C. She regrets nt ging ut mre.
8. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. The wman. B. The man’s friend. C. The wman and her friend.
9. What is true abut Drthy?
A. She is gd at telling stries. B. She is frm New Yrk. C. She met the wman at the age f sixteen.
10. What happened t the wman?
A. Her car wuldn’t start. B. She gt int a car accident. C. She set her alarm clck fr the wrng time.
11. What is the man’s reactin t the wman’s explanatin?
A. He’s quite angry. B. He’s a little annyed. C. He’s very understanding.
12. What will the wman d next?
A. Deal with sme files. B. Meet with a client. C. Schedule a phne call.
13. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Bss and secretary. B. Mther and sn. C. Shpkeeper and custmer.
14. When will the man walk his dg?
A. In a few hurs. B. In a few days. C. In a few mnths.
15. What is the dg’s name?
A. Spike. B. Bz. C. Bing.
16. Why des the wman ask the man s many questins?
A. She thinks he’s t yung fr a dg.
B. She desn’t think he’s respnsible enugh.
C. She dubts whether he can affrd a dg.
17. Which student is turning furteen?
A. Marissa Miller. B. Gabriel Sunday. C. Thmas Sctt.
18. Why might peple g t Rm 203?
A. T supprt the cmmunity. B. T meet sme new peple. C. T eat sme spaghetti.
19. What is Mr. Smith’s class ding this week?
A. Having a bake sale. B. Shwing their science prjects. C. Dnating mney t children in need.
20. What must eighth graders d?
A. Buy dance tickets. B. Get t schl early n Thursday. C. Have their parents sign a frm.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Smetimes it takes a wrk f art t give the inspiratin fr advances in science. Fr example, Eln Musk’s dream f humans living n ther planets was first inspired by Isaac Asimv’s Fundatin bk series. Amazn CEO Jeff Bezs, a massive fan f the Star Trek televisin series, funded his very wn space cmpany Blue Origin. Let’s explre sme f the technlgies frm science fictin that have been brught t life.
Remte cntrl
Frank Herbert’s 1965 nvel Dune features a small flying rbt device that is pilted remtely, ne f the earliest appearances f drnes in science fictin. With the first permit fr cmmercial drne use in the US given in 2006, drnes became a reality, and can nw be fund taking n multiple rles in phtgraphy, farming and military.
Frm thin air
The televisin shw Star Trek, first appearing n screens in 1966, inspired science. One f the mst unexpected examples may be the 3D printer. In the prgram, a device can create any bject desired within a matter f secnds. Researchers at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, US, develped a 3D printer in 2019 that shapes bjects using rays f light. The device uses light t alter the density f resin (树脂), changing the material frm a liquid t a slid in rder t shape the desired bject.
Starting the heart
One f the first sci-fi nvels, Frankenstein by Mary Shelley has had a huge impact n science. Earl Bakken, the inventr f the pacemaker (起搏器), a device placed int the chest that helps the heart t pump bld using small electrical impulses, was inspired by the 1931 mvie adaptatin f the bk. “What impressed me the mst... was the creative spark f Dr Frankenstein’s electricity,” Bakken tld the Atlantic. Defibrillatrs (除颤仪), which restart the heart with an electrical current after a cardiac arrest (心脏停搏), als resemble the electric shck that gave the mnster life.
1. Whse wrk inspired science?
A. Eln Musk’s.B. Jeff Bezs’.C. Frank Herbert’s.D. Earl Bakken’s.
2. Which f the fllwing can create new things frm “nwhere”?
A. Drnes.B. 3D printer.C. Pacemakers.D. Defibrillatrs.
3. Which can be summarized frm the passage?
A. Science fictin thinks big.B. Technlgy flies ut f ur imaginatin
C. Imaginatin leads t advanced civilizatin.D. Scientific develpment relies n technlgy.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了三个灵感来自于科幻作品的技术发明。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Remte cntrl(远程控制)”下文的详细介绍“Frank Herbert’s 1965 nvel Dune features a small flying rbt device that is pilted remtely, ne f the earliest appearances f drnes in science fictin. With the first permit fr cmmercial drne use in the US given in 2006, drnes became a reality, and can nw be fund taking n multiple rles in phtgraphy, farming and military.(Frank Herbert 1965年的小说《沙丘》讲述了一个可以远程操控的小型飞行机器人装置，这是科幻小说中最早出现无人机的例子之一。随着2006年美国第一个商用无人机使用许可证的发放，无人机成为现实，现在可以在摄影、农业和军事中承担起多种作用。)”可知Frank Herbert的作品给科学带来了灵感。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Frm thin air”以及下文的详细介绍“The televisin shw Star Trek, first appearing n screens in 1966, inspired science. One f the mst unexpected examples may be the 3D printer. In the prgram, a device can create any bject desired within a matter f secnds. Researchers at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, US, develped a 3D printer in 2019 that shapes bjects using rays f light.(1966年首次在荧屏上播出的电视节目《星际迷航》启迪了科学，其中让人最意想不到的一个例子也许是3D打印机。在这个节目中，有一种设备可以在几秒钟内创造任何想要的物体。2019年，美国加州大学伯克利分校的研究人员开发了一种利用光线塑造物体形状的3D打印机。)”可知在《星际迷航》有一种设备可以在几秒钟内创造任何想要的物体，而3D打印机就是以此为灵感开发的可以用光线塑造物体形状的打印机，所以说3D打印机可以“无中生有，凭空（Frm thin air）”地创造新的东西。故选B。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的最后一句“Let’s explre sme f the technlgies frm science fictin that have been brught t life.(让我们来探究一下一些由科幻小说变为现实的技术。)”以及下文三项技术灵感来源的详细阐述，可知文章主要介绍了灵感来自科幻作品的一些发明，选项B“Technlgy flies ut f ur imaginatin(技术来自我们的想象)”可以概括全文，故选B。
B
Seventeen yung turtles raised frm eggs saved frm the smashed bdies f mthers killed n rads gt their release back int the wild by a class f kindergartners.
It was part f a prgram that has saved thusands f turtles and returned them t the wild ver the past 25 years. The turtles were either raised frm the eggs f their dead mthers r were themselves rescued frm rads, strm drains r ther dangerus places ver the years.
“It’s a great cmmunity cnnectin,” said Lisa Fergusn, directr f research and cnservatin at the Wetlands Institute, which runs the prgram alng with Stcktn University and Stne Harbr schls. “It shws hw cnservatin wrks, and that everyne has a part t play, frm adults dwn t kindergarten students.”
The turtle release tk place during egg-laying seasn, when turtles cme up ut f the wetlands nt dry land t lay eggs, thus expsing themselves nt nly t natural predatrs, but als t the far mre deadly threat f mtr vehicles.
Aside frm caring fr injured live turtles, the Wetlands Institute harvests eggs frm females killed n the rad and incubates (孵化) them at 30 degrees Celsius (86 degrees Fahrenheit), a temperature that will ensure they develp as females (egg temperature determines the sex f these turtles, Fergusn said).
When they have grwn enugh in their first year, they are ready fr release int the wetlands surrunding the institute. That’s where the kids cme in. Kindergartners frm Stne Harbr schls get t knw the turtles as they grw. They give them names, draw psters f them, and even bake and sell ckies t raise mney fr turtle cnservatin.
When it was time t set them free, sme eagerly grasped the turtles frm behind; thers were mre quiet t get up clse and persnal with squirming turtles and squishy mud, but each student seemed excited t see the turtles paddle away int the shallw water.
4. Why did the turtles need rescuing?
A. Because their eggs culdn’t develp as females.
B. Because they culdn’t walk acrss the rad.
C. Because they lst their mther t the sea.
D. Because their habitat was threatened.
5. What did Lisa Fergusn think f the prgram?
A. Prfessinal.B. Natural.C. Educatinal.D. Optinal.
6. What did kids d fr the prgram?
A. They learnt t befriend turtles.B. They prvided turtles with fd.
C. They saved the turtles frm rad kills.D. They cared fr the injured live turtles.
7. What is the best title f the passage?
A. G n fighting fr themB. Wrk harder, wrry less
C. Help them, happy tgetherD. Save them t save urselves
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一个班级的幼儿园孩子们高兴地把17只孤儿小海龟放回野外的事情，文章还介绍了这个海龟救助项目以及孩子们在海龟成长过程中的参与。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It was part f a prgram that has saved thusands f turtles and returned them t the wild ver the past 25 years. The turtles were either raised frm the eggs f their dead mthers r were themselves rescued frm rads, strm drains r ther dangerus places ver the years.(这是一个项目一部分，该项目在过去25年中拯救了数千只海龟并将它们送回野外。这些海龟要么是由死去的母龟的卵孵出来的，要么是多年来从道路、雨水沟或其他危险的地方救出来的。)”以及第四段中的“..., when turtles cme up ut f the wetlands nt dry land t lay eggs, thus expsing themselves nt nly t natural predatrs, but als t the far mre deadly threat f mtr vehicles.(这是产卵季节，海龟从湿地中爬到干燥的土地上产卵，因此不仅暴露在天敌面前，而且还暴露在机动车辆更致命的威胁之下。)”可知由于海龟的栖息地受到了威胁，造成了海龟的伤亡，所以海龟需要救助。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“‘It’s a great cmmunity cnnectin,’ said Lisa Fergusn, directr f research and cnservatin at the Wetlands Institute, which runs the prgram alng with Stcktn University and Stne Harbr schls. ‘It shws hw cnservatin wrks, and that everyne has a part t play, frm adults dwn t kindergarten students.’(‘这是一个很好的社区联系，’湿地研究所研究和保护主任Lisa Fergusn说，该研究所与Stcktn大学和Stne Harbr学校一起运行该项目。‘它展示了保护是如何运作的，从成年人到幼儿园的学生，每个人都可以发挥作用。’)”可知该项目告诉大家如何去保护海龟，发挥自己的作用，非常具有教育意义，故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的二、三句“Kindergartners frm Stne Harbr schls get t knw the turtles as they grw. They give them names, draw psters f them, and even bake and sell ckies t raise mney fr turtle cnservatin.(来自Stne Harbr学校的幼儿园学生在海龟成长过程中了解它们。他们给它们起名字，画海报，甚至烘烤和出售饼干，为海龟保护筹集资金。)”可知孩子们像朋友一样去对待海龟，故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Seventeen yung turtles raised frm eggs saved frm the smashed bdies f mthers killed n rads gt their release back int the wild by a class f kindergartners.(十七只小海龟被一个班级的幼儿园孩子们放回野外，这些小海龟是由在路上被撞死的母龟的卵孵化养育出来的)”以及文章最后一段“When it was time t set them free, sme eagerly grasped the turtles frm behind; thers were mre quiet t get up clse and persnal with squirming turtles and squishy mud, but each student seemed excited t see the turtles paddle away int the shallw water.(星期三早上，是时候让他们自由了。有些人急切地从后面抓住海龟；其他人则更不愿意与蠕动的海龟和柔软的泥土近距离接触，但每个学生似乎都很高兴看到海龟划入浅水区。)”可知文章讲述了孩子们高兴地把海龟放回野外；结合文章中对海龟救助项目的介绍以及孩子们在海龟成长过程中的参与，可知文章主要介绍了孤儿海龟和孩子们的故事，所以C选项“Help them, happy tgether(帮助它们，快乐在一起)”能够概括全文，最适合作为本文的标题。故选C。
C
In English it’s cmmn t say “I knw this twn like the back f my hand!” While we may knw ur twns really well, hw well d we actually knw ur hands? Maybe nt quite as well as we think, said a scientific study.
Matthew Lng and his team frm University Cllege Lndn studied the left hands f 100 peple. With their hands placed palms dwn under a bard, Lng’s team gave the instructin t pint t their knuckles and fingertips with a marker. Hw did they d? Nt that well.
“Peple think their hand is wider than it actually is,” said Lng. He said they als seemed t think their fingers were shrter than their true lengths. Peple were mst accurate when finding their thumbs, but became less accurate with each finger, up t their little fingers.
“It is cnnected t ur sense f psitin,” explained Lng. Humans knw where different parts f ur bdies are, even if we can’t see them. “It tells us whether a jint is straight r nt,” said Lng. “We als need t knw the distances between ur jints,” he went n. Our brains knw the sizes and shapes f ur bdies frm the maps they make fr themselves. “This experiment tried t find thse maps,” he said.
Maybe maps dn’t need t be perfect. But why aren’t ur brains mre accurate? Lng said ur brains “see” areas based n ur sense f tuch, with the strnger the sense f tuch in a specific bdy part, the bigger that bdy part seems. An example is ur lips. As they have mre nerves than ur nses, ur brain’s map shws ur lips are bigger. The same thing can happen with bdy parts that have a lt f nerves. If yu’ve ever had smething stuck in yur teeth, it prbably felt huge! That’s because ur tngues als have lts f nerves.
If yu want t have sme fun, try this test with yur classmates. Get sme bards and sme markers and have them mark the spts where they think their knuckles and fingertips are. Cmpare their hands t the marker spts and see hw well they have perfrmed.
8. Why is the saying mentined in Para. 1?
A. T test readers.B. T serve as a tpic.C. T prve a scientific study.D. T attract readers’ interest.
9. What can be inferred frm peple finding their thumbs mre accurately?
A. Thumbs are bigger.B. Thumbs are much strnger.
C. Thumbs may have mre nerves.D. Thumbs may have strng sense f psitin.
10. What des the underlined wrd “they” in Para. 4 refer t?
A. Sizes.B. Brains.C. Shapes.D. Maps.
11. What is the purpse f the experiment?
A. T find the maps in human brains.B. T draw the maps in human brains.
C. T figure ut hw different senses cperate.D. T help peple lcate their bdy parts accurately.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述一项科学研究结果，我们并不像想象中一样了解自己的身体部位。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。文章开头“In English it’s cmmn t say, ‘I knw this twn like the back f my hand!’(在英语中，我们常说：‘我对这个城市了如指掌！’)”提到一个关于手的谚语，根据本段最后一句“Maybe nt quite as well as we think, said a scientific study.(一项科学研究表明，可能没有我们想象的那么好)”以及后文主要讲述的就是我们并不是很了解我们的手可知，文章提到关于手的谚语是为了吸引读者对此话题的兴趣。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“Lng said ur brains ‘see’ areas based n ur sense f tuch, with the strnger the sense f tuch in a specific bdy part, the bigger that bdy part seems. An example is ur lips. As they have mre nerves than ur nses, ur brain’s map shws ur lips are bigger. The same thing can happen with bdy parts that have a lt f nerves.(Lng说，大脑‘看到’的区域是基于触觉，身体某个特定部位的触觉越强，这个部位看起来就越大。嘴唇就是一个例子，因为嘴唇比鼻子拥有更多神经，我们的大脑地图就显示嘴唇更大。其他长有很多神经的身体部位也会出现这种现象)”可推知，大脑通过触觉感知身体部位，身体某个特定部位的神经越多，触觉就越强，因此人们在找大拇指时更准确，是因为大拇指比其他手指的神经更多。故选C。
【10题详解】
指代猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Our brains knw the sizes and shapes f ur bdies frm the maps they make fr themselves. ”我们的大脑根据它们为自己绘制的地图，来了解我们身体的大小和形状”可知，此处“they”指代大脑。故选B。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Our brains knw the sizes and shapes f ur bdies frm the maps they make fr themselves. “This experiment tried t find thse maps,” he said.(我们的大脑根据它们为自己绘制的地图，来了解我们身体的大小和形状。‘这个实验试图找到那些地图。’他说)”可知，这次试验的目的是找到人类大脑中的地图。故选A。
D
The “Mna Lisa” may maintain her famusly mysterius smile because she benefits frm ne f Paris’ best-kept secrets: An undergrund cling system that’s helped the Luvre Museum cpe with the unbearable heat that has brken temperature recrds acrss Eurpe.
With a depth f up t 98 feet and 55 miles f pipes, the little-knwn “urban cld” netwrk snakes unknwing beneath Parisians’ feet, which uses electricity generated by renewable surces, is the largest in Eurpe and runs arund the clck with a deafening nise ttally inaudible abve grund.
Paris City Hall has nw signed an ambitius cntract t triple the size f the netwrk by 2042 t 157 miles. It wuld make it the largest urban cling system in the wrld.
Three f the 10 high-tech cling sites lie n the Seine river. When the Seine’s water is cld enugh, a machine captures it and uses it t cl the system’s water. The heat created as a byprduct is sent back int the Seine where it is absrbed. The chilled water is then pumped thrugh the system’s pipes t its 730 Parisian clients.
Paris’ cling sites all use renewable energy surces such as wind turbines and slar panels. French fficials see this energy independence as particularly imprtant given the threat f Russia cutting ff energy supplies t Eurpe.
The merits f using a cling system which uses renewable energy t perate are already being felt by sites that use them. The wrld’s mst visited museum, the Luvre, has benefited frm the netwrk since the 1990s.
“It allws us t benefit frm energy with a lwer carbn ftprint available all year rund,” said Laurent Le Guedart, the Luvre’s Heritage Directr. “The particularity f the Luvre Museum is that it needs t use iced-cld water t crrectly cnserve the artwrk and t cntrl the humidity.”
Le Guedart said that the system is a mney-saver given the rising cst f energy linked t the Ukraine cnflict. It perates ntably in the State Rm f the Pavilln Denn where the “Mna Lisa” lives. Perhaps it’s why beads f sweat have never trickled dwn the brw painted by Lenard da Vinci.
12. Which is TRUE abut the undergrund cling system in Paris?
A. It is t deep t be heard.B. It is the largest ne in the wrld.
C. It uses electricity fr free t cl air.D. It makes Paris the clest in Eurpe.
13. Hw des the system wrk?
A. By capturing and absrbing heat frm its clients.
B. By pumping the water frm the Seine t its clients.
C. By changing the water in the system fr that in the Seine.
D. By pumping the water cled by the Seine thrugh the system.
14. What benefit des the Luvre Museum get frm the system?
A. Attracting mre peple t see Mna Lisa.B. Prtecting its artwrk frm heat and humidity.
C. Getting rid f the threat f the Ukraine cnflict.D. Reducing carbn ftprint with less mney than befre.
15. Which f the fllwing questins can be answered by this passage?
A. Why was smiling Mna Lisa painted?B. Why des Paris keep the system a secret?
C. Hw many mre sites will the system have?D. What will the system be like in tw decades?
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了巴黎的地下城市制冷系统。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“With a depth f up t 98 feet and 55 miles f pipes, the little-knwn ‘urban cld’ netwrk snakes unknwing beneath Parisians’ feet(这个鲜为人知的‘城市制冷’网络深达98英尺，管道长55英里，在巴黎人的脚下不知不觉地蜿蜒而行)”可知，巴黎的地下制冷系统深达98英尺，地面上完全听不见。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“When the Seine’s water is cld enugh, a machine captures it and uses it t cl the system’s water. The heat created as a byprduct is sent back int the Seine where it is absrbed. The chilled water is then pumped thrugh the system’s pipes t its 730 Parisian clients.(当塞纳河的水足够冷时，一台机器就会抽水，并用它来冷却整个系统的水。作为副产品产生的热量被送回塞纳河，在那里被吸收。然后，冷冻水通过系统的管道被泵送到730个巴黎客户那里)”可知，制冷系统通过将塞纳河冷却的水泵入系统来发挥作用。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“It allws us t benefit frm energy with a lwer carbn ftprint available all year rund(这让我们全年都能从碳足迹较低的能源中受益)”以及“The particularity f the Luvre Museum is that it needs t use iced-cld water t crrectly cnserve the artwrk and t cntrl the humidity.(卢浮宫博物馆的特殊性在于，它需要使用冰水来正确保存艺术品，并控制湿度)”可知，制冷系统使卢浮宫可以保护艺术品不受湿热的影响，故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Paris City Hall has nw signed an ambitius cntract t triple the size f the netwrk by 2042 t 157 miles. It wuld make it the largest urban cling system in the wrld.(巴黎市政厅现在签署了一份雄心勃勃的合同，到2042年将把制冷网络的规模扩大两倍，达到157英里。这将使它成为世界上最大的城市制冷系统)”可知，巴黎市政厅计划在二十年后将制冷系统的规模扩大两倍，所以本文回答了D项“20年后这个系统会是什么样子？”的问题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分。满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Yur huse may have an effect n yur figure. Experts say the way yu design yur hme culd play a rle in whether yu pack n the punds r keep them ff. ____16____ Here are sme ways t turn yur hme int part f yur diet plan.
____17____ Dark envirnments are mre likely t encurage vereating, fr peple are ften less self-cnscius when they’re in prly lit places — and s mre likely t eat lts f fd. If yur hme desn’t have enugh windw light, get mre lamps and fld the place with brightness.
Mind the clrs. ____18____ In ne study, peple wh ate meals in a blue rm cnsumed 33 percent less than thse in a yellw r red rm. Warm clrs like yellw make fd appear mre appetizing, while cld clrs make us feel less hungry. S when it’s time t repaint, g blue.
____19____ Peple wh eat slwly tend t cnsume abut 70 fewer calries per meal than thse wh rush thrugh their meals. Begin keeping track f the time, and try t make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while yu’re at it, actually sit dwn t eat. If yu need sme help slwing dwn, turn n relaxing music. It makes yu less likely t rush thrugh a meal.
Dwnsize the dishes. ____20____ We eat abut 22 percent mre when using a 12-inch plate instead f a 10-inch plate. When we chse a large spn ver a smaller ne, ttal intake jumps by 14 percent. And we’ll pur abut 30 percent mre liquid int a shrt, wide glass than a tail, skinny glass.
A. Slw dwn while cking.
B. Dn’t frget the clck r the radi.
C. Open the curtains and turn up the lights.
D. Research suggests warm clrs fuel ur appetites.
E. Big serving bwls and plates can easily make us fat.
F. They depend n hw much time yu spend designing.
G. Yu can make yur envirnment wrk fr yu instead f against yu.
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了房屋的设计和布置在一定程度上决定了你的体型。想要减肥，除了少吃外，还和房间有关系。本文给出了保持身材的四点有关家居设计的建议：1.房间要明亮；2.用冷色系会减少食欲；3.放一些舒缓的音乐就餐；4. 用小的碗碟。
【16题详解】
上文“Experts say the way yu design yur hme culd play a rle in whether yu pack n the punds r keep them ff.(专家表示，你的家居设计方式可能会影响你是增重还是减重)”提到家居设计方式影响你是增重还是减重，下文“Here are sme ways t turn yur hme int part f yur diet plan.(这里有一些方法可以把你的家变成你饮食计划的一部分)”提出了一些使家居设计辅助减重的方法，故空处应是提及可以使用家居设计辅助减重，G项“你可以让你的环境为你服务，而不是与你作对”符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
空处是段落主题句，根据本段中“Dark envirnments are mre likely t encurage vereating, fr peple are ften less self-cnscius when they’re in prly lit places — and s mre likely t eat lts f fd. If yur hme desn’t have enugh windw light, get mre lamps and fld the place with brightness.(黑暗环境更有可能鼓励暴饮暴食，因为人们在光线不好的地方往往不太自觉——因此更有可能吃很多食物。如果你的家没有足够的窗户光线，买更多的灯，让这个地方充满光明)”可知，本段主要讲述黑暗的环境容易让人暴饮饮食，因此要让房间明亮一点，C项“把窗帘拉开，把灯打开”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据下文“In ne study, peple wh ate meals in a blue rm cnsumed 33 percent less than thse in a yellw r red rm. Warm clrs like yellw make fd appear mre appetizing, while cld clrs make us feel less hungry.(在一项研究中，在蓝色房间里吃饭的人比在黄色或红色房间里吃饭的人少消耗33%。像黄色这样的暖色使食物看起来更有食欲，而冷色则使我们感到不那么饿)”可知，暖色能促进人的食欲，D项“研究表明，暖色能促进我们的食欲”符合语境。故选D。
【19题详解】
空处是本段主题句，根据本段中“Begin keeping track f the time, and try t make dinner last at least 30 minutes.(开始记录时间，试着让晚餐至少持续30分钟)”及“If yu need sme help slwing dwn, turn n relaxing music.(如果你需要一些帮助来放慢速度，打开放松的音乐)”可知，本段主要将要记录时间慢慢吃，还可以放一些放松的音乐，B项“不要忘记时钟或者收音机”符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
根据下文“We eat abut 22 percent mre when using a 12-inch plate instead f a 10-inch plate.(当我们用12英寸的盘子而不是10英寸的盘子时，我们会多吃22%)”可知，大尺寸的盘子会让人吃得更多，E项“大的碗和盘子很容易让我们发胖”符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Abut a year ag, my department invited me t submit a 5-minute vide clip abut my research labratry t be screened at a secndary-schl summer camp. With many ____21____ under my belt after five years as a main investigatr, I was quite ____22____ abut getting this ____23____.
Three secnds int ____24____ myself n my phne in my ffice, I realized that I had been t ____25____. I had t press ‘Pause’ ____26____ I culdn’t help lking arund the rm. And while watching myself n camera, I culdn’t btain the excitement I brught t the classrm — all my ____27____ trained teaching methd didn’t wrk well fr a vide clip. Admitting that my acting career had ____28____ a wall, I decided t ____29____ t a directing rle and asked my graduate students t help me t film and present the vide.
The 5-minute clip ____30____ taking 2 hurs t finish, but it was s well received by the audience that it ____31____ me t create an accunt n Bilibili, ne f the leading vide-sharing websites in China. I gt my lab t ____32____ making shrt films in Chinese n the main tpics f ur ____33____, which include digital fabricatin in architecture and adaptive structures that can respnd t stimuli. In the nine r s mnths since I created that ____34____, ur lab vides have attracted mre than 20,000 subscribers and received nearly 3 millin ____35____, mainly in China.
21. A. studentsB. experiencesC. camerasD. cmments
22. A. curiusB. nervusC. cnfidentD. cautius
23. A. cutB. pstedC. passedD. dne
24. A. filmingB. watchingC. remindingD. calling
25. A. anxiusB. ptimisticC. activeD. hard
26. A. unlessB. thughC. becauseD. until
27. A. badlyB. newlyC. easilyD. finely
28. A. hitB. cveredC. destryedD. built
29. A. turnB. reactC. takeD. switch
30. A. set abutB. ended upC. put ffD. went n
31. A. invitedB. taughtC. mtivatedD. required
32. A. enjyB. admitC. missD. cntinue
33. A. researchB. videC. schlD. team
34. A. websiteB. accuntC. architectureD. classrm
35. A. giftsB. fansC. viewsD. prizes
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者和自己的学生们一起拍摄关于自己从事的研究的短视频大受欢迎，这促使作者开通视频网站账号，继续拍摄关于研究的短视频，吸引了很多观众。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在担任了5年的主要调查员之后，我积累了很多经验，对完成这项工作非常有信心。A. students学生；B. experiences经历；C. cameras照相机；D. cmments评论，意见。根据“after five years as a main investigatr”可知，作者担任了5年的主要调查员之后，得到很多经验，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. curius好奇的；B. nervus紧张的；C. cnfident自信的；D. cautius谨慎的。根据上文“after five years as a main investigatr”可知，作者有丰富的经验，所以很自信，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cut切，割；B. psted邮寄，张贴；C. passed经过，通过；D. dne做，完成。根据上文“my department invited me t submit a 5-minute vide clip”可知，作者被邀请提交一个5分钟的视频剪辑，此处指作者有信心完成这项任务，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在办公室用手机拍摄自己三秒钟后，我意识到自己太乐观了。A. filming拍摄；B. watching观看；C. reminding提醒；D. calling叫，打电话。根据上文可知，作者被邀请剪辑一个视频，所以此处是用手机拍摄自己，本段最后一句中“asked my graduate students t help me t film and present the vide”也有提示。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. anxius焦虑的；B. ptimistic乐观的；C. active活跃的；D. hard困难的。上文作者提到很有自信完成任务，下文“And while watching myself n camera, I culdn’t btain the excitement I brught t the classrm”讲述了自己拍摄的困难，所以此处指作者意识到自己过于乐观了，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我不得不按“暂停”键，因为我忍不住环视一下房间。A. unless除非；B. thugh尽管；C. because因为；D. until直到。空后表示按暂停的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我看着镜头前的自己时，我无法获得我给教室带来的兴奋感——我所有训练有素的教学方法在视频剪辑中都不起作用。A. badly恶劣地，非常；B. newly以新的方式；C. easily容易地；D. finely很好地，精致地。根据上文“I culdn’t btain the excitement I brught t the classrm”可知，作者给教室带来很多兴奋感，所以此处指训练有素的教学方法，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我承认我的演艺事业碰壁了，我决定转行当导演，并请我的研究生们帮我拍摄并展示视频。A. hit撞击；B. cvered覆盖；C. destryed毁灭；D. built建造。根据“asked my graduate students t help me t film and present the vide”可知，作者请学生帮忙，所以此处指自己拍摄碰壁了，hit a wall停滞不前，碰壁，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. turn翻转；B. react反应；C. take取，拿；D. switch转变。根据上文“while watching myself n camera”和空后的“directing rle”可知，作者由拍摄的角色转变为导演的角色，让学生帮忙拍，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这段5分钟的视频最终花了2个小时才完成，但它受到了观众的热烈欢迎，这促使我在中国领先的视频分享网站之一哔哩哔哩上创建了一个账号。A. set abut开始，着手；B. ended up结束；C. put ff推迟；D. went n继续。根据“taking 2 hurs t finish”可知，此处指这个视频花费2小时才结束，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. invited邀请；B. taught教；C. mtivated激励，是……的原因，推动；D. required需要，要求。根据“but it was s well received by the audience”可知，视频很受欢迎，这激发了作者在视频网站上创建一个账号的想法，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我让我的实验室继续用中文制作我们研究的主要主题的短片，包括建筑中的数字制造和可对刺激做出反应的自适应结构。A. enjy喜欢，享受；B. admit承认；C. miss想念，错过；D. cntinue继续。根据上文“it was s well received by the audience”可知，作者拍摄了一个视频后很受欢迎，所以此处指作者继续拍摄短片，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. research研究；B. vide录像；C. schl学校；D. team团队。根据第一段中“my department invited me t submit a 5-minute vide clip abut my research labratry”和下文“which include digital fabricatin in architecture and adaptive structures that can respnd t stimuli. ”可知，短片是关于作者所从事的研究的有关话题，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我创建这个账号的9个多月里，我们的实验室视频吸引了2万多订阅者，获得了近300万的观看量，主要是在中国。A. website网站；B. accunt账号；C. architecture建筑；D. classrm教室。根据上文“create an accunt n Bilibili”可知，此处指创建账号的9个多月里，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. gifts礼物；B. fans粉丝，狂热爱好者；C. views观看；D. prizes奖项。结合语境及本句主语“ur lab vides”可知，视频是吸引了300万次的观看，故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After three days in Hangzhu, we ____36____ (wind) ur way up a rad that lked like a black snake alng the tight curves arund M Gan Muntain. The trees and bushes waved in the mild breezes ____37____, befre the funding f the Peple’s Republic f China, made M Can Muntain a favrite place ften ____38____ (visit) by wealthy freign clnialists ____39____ (seek) a shrt escape frm the heated plains belw.
Giant bamb blanketed the muntains s ____40____ (thick) that they resembled green feathers, waving in the wind. ____41____ when the rad led us beneath the ____42____ (twer) bamb they became great cathedrals — an endless living tunnel pening int an almst unusual light.
As we inched arund curves, the bamb cver smetimes gave way ____43____ a magnificent view f Swiss-lking villages, their wden shingled (盖木瓦的) hmes with carved wden balcnies nestled in alpine valleys far belw. I ____44____ (spend) a summer n MGan Funtain happily but we were already behind schedule, and after t brief ____45____ stay we pushed n t the Great Ditch.
【答案】36. wund
37. that##which
38. visited
39. seeking##t seek
40. thickly
41. But 42. twering
43. t 44. culd have spent
45. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者的莫干山之旅。
【36题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：在杭州待了三天之后，我们沿着莫干山蜿蜒的弯道，沿着一条看起来像黑蛇的路蜿蜒而上。通读全文可知这是发生在过去的一次旅行，所以用一般过去时，此处谓语动词用过去式。故填wund。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：树木和灌木在微风中摇曳，在新中国成立之前，它使莫干山成为富有的外国殖民者最喜欢的地方，他们经常来这里逃避山下炙热的平原。此空引导定语从句，修饰先行词breezes，关系在从句中作主语，可用that或which引导。故填that/which。
【38题详解】
考查过去分词。句意同上。结合句意及空后的“by wealthy freign clnialists”可知，动词visit和place之间是动宾关系，此处用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。故填visited。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。动词seek和clnialists之间是主谓关系，此处用现在分词作后置定语，也可用不定式表目的。故填seeking/t seek。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：巨大的竹子密密实实地笼罩着大山，它们像绿色的羽毛，在风中飘扬。此处修饰动词blanketed，应用副词作状语，故填thickly。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：但是当我们沿着这条路走到高耸的竹林间时，它们就变成了巨大的教堂——（像）一条没有尽头充满活力的通道，它的出口通向一道非同寻常的光。结合上下文句意可知，此处表示转折，应用连词but，首字母应大写。故填But。
42题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词bamb，twering高耸的，形容词。故填twering。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：当我们缓缓驶过弯道时，竹林有时会让位于瑞士风格的村庄的壮丽景色，它们的木瓦房屋和雕花的木制阳台依偎在远处的高山山谷中。give way t让步给……，被……取代，固定短语。故填t。
【44题详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：我本可以在莫干喷泉愉快地度过一个夏天，但我们已经落后于计划了，在太短暂的停留后，我们继续向大沟渠前进。结合句意可知，此处表示“我本可以开心地在莫干山度过一整个夏天”，应用culd have dne，表示过去本来可以做某事，但实际上没有。故填culd have spent。
【45题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意同上。此处表示“在短暂的停留之后”，stay作此意解时常用作可数名词，此处表示泛指，其前用不定冠词。其发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华。想报考英语专业，但你对自己的英语口语缺乏信心，请你写封求助信，向在线辅导英语口语的外籍教师Anna寻求帮助。内容包括：
1. 介绍自己的情况；
2. 表达自己的需求；
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Miss Anna,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Miss Anna
Delighted t learn that yu help students with ral English, I am writing t ask yu fr help.
When first expsed t English, I fund it fascinating and beautiful. Since then I’ve acquired a basic knwledge f grammatical usage and sme writing skills. Hwever, what trubles me mst is my pr ral English. In every English class, I rack my brain fr wrds t express myself apprpriately but In vain. I’m cnsidering chsing English as my majr in university s fluency in ral English is f great significance t my future learning.
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd give me sme practical advice t imprve my ral English and I’m lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是李华。想报考英语专业，但你对自己的英语口语缺乏信心，请你写封求助信，向在线辅导英语口语的外籍教师Anna寻求帮助。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴：delighted→glad
口语：ral English→spken English
建议：advice→suggestin
重要性：significance→imprtance
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I’m cnsidering chsing English as my majr in university s fluency in ral English is f great significance t my future learning.
拓展句：Since I’m cnsidering chsing English as my majr in university, fluency in ral English is f great significance t my future learning.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Delighted t learn that yu help students with ral English, I am writing t ask yu fr help. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] When first expsed t English, I fund it fascinating and beautiful.(运用了when引导时间状语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the first week f Mia's middle schl. The bell's ringing brught her ut f her daydreaming. She nervusly gathered her bks, preparing t reach anther classrm fr the next new class.
Mia fllwed the ther kids and rushed int the hallway. Others walked in grups, chatted, and laughed, using the break t scialize. Mia, instead, walked alne alng the wall f the hallway, with her head dwn. She was a shy girl, afraid t speak in frnt f ther kids, and didn't think thers wuld like her.
Mia finally sat in Mr. Jhnsn's Language Arts class nervusly. “Welcme t Language Arts,” said Mr. Jhnsn. He tld jkes as he talked abut English. Mia frgt t daydream and laughed alng with the rest f the class. “We'll have sme fun with language,” he said. “Just wait and see.”
Fun was far beynd what Mia desired. She just wanted t be like ther kids—running with friends in the hallway, laughing and jking between classes. Reminded f her pimply（长粉刺的）face, she felt hpeless and disappinted.
“Take ut a piece f paper,” the teacher cntinued, when pinting at wrds n the blackbard. “Write fr the next thirty minutes n this tpic.” Mia began writing crazily as idea after idea fught fr recgnitin in her head. The final result was a shrt stry abut a beautiful beach huse. As she wrte, she culd smell the salty air, hear the crashing waves and feel the pull f the sand beneath her feet. Fr just a mment, she frgt where she was. She was lst in the stry.
“OK, pass yur papers frward,” said the teacher. “Let's see what we have.” Fr the rest f the class time, the teacher read each individual wrk alud. Mia riginally thught it wuld be awkward. Hwever, she was gradually attracted by the excitement in the teacher's vice. “He's actually enjying this,” she thught. When the class wuld be sn ver, there were still fifteen students' papers nt read, including Mia's paper. Then, Mr. Jhnsn annunced his decisin, asking these students t read their wrk themselves in frnt f the class next class.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A week later, the bell rang and the Language Arts class began again.
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After Mia finished her reading. the clapping frm her classmates cntinued fr a lng time.
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【答案】One pssible versin:
A week later, the bell rang and the Language Arts class began again. Mia was nervus with her head dwn. After ther students finished reading the papers ne by ne, finally, it was Mia's turn. Frzen with fear, Mia std in frnt f the class, with her hands hlding her paper, shaking. Seeing it, Mr. Jhnsn tld a funny jke, which made all laugh. Feeling mre relaxed, Mia began reading. She was s fcused that she felt she was alne. She didn't ntice that her stry sn attracted all her classmates wh sat up straight, withut any chatting. They were lst in her fantastic stry.
After Mia finished her reading, the clapping frm her classmates cntinued fr a lng time. Mia was shcked. When she raised her head, she fund everyne staring at her excitedly. Mia finally smiled. She fund everyne in the class respnded t her stry psitively. After that class, Mia slwly lifted her head while walking. Later. she kept writing. And she began speaking in frnt f peple and enjyed it. A braver and mre cnfident girl appeared. And she was grateful t Mr. Jhnsn wh believed in every student.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Mia是一个害羞的女孩。由于脸上长满了青春痘，她期待能和同学自由玩耍但又害怕他们笑话。在语言艺术课上，Mr. Jhnsn让每个孩子写一个短故事，然后他当堂课读这些故事。最后留下十五个学生写的故事没有读并要求这些学生下次课自己上来读自己写的小故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一周后，铃声响起，语言艺术课又开始了。”可知，第一段可描Mia上去读自己故事时刚开始很不自信，很紧张，通过Mr. Jhnsn的帮助，她逐渐进入状态，同学们也聚精会神地听。
②由第二段首句内容“Mia读完后，同学们的掌声持续了很长时间。”可知，第二段可描写同学们很喜欢Mia的故事，Mia对自己的成功感到震惊和激动，从此她爱上了写作并逐渐自信了。
2.续写线索：Mia上台读故事紧张——Mr. Jhnsn缓解气氛——Mia顺利读完自己写的故事——得到同学们认可——Mia爱上写作——Mia变得更自信了
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.完成： finish/cmplete /accmplish
②.颤抖：shake/tremble/ quiver
③.笑： laugh/burst ut laughing /burst int laughter
情绪类
①.焦虑的：nervus/anxius/wrried
②.震惊的：shcked/astnished/surprised/in surprise/astunded
③.感激的： grateful/thankful /appreciative
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Seeing it, Mr. Jhnsn tld a funny jke, which made all laugh.（运用了由which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2].She was s fcused that she felt she was alne（运用了由引导的结果状语从句）
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