陕西省汉中市多校2024届高三上学期第四次联考英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份陕西省汉中市多校2024届高三上学期第四次联考英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Sme f yu just need a tl that will allw yu t get yur daily dse f advanced English when yu want it. The best tl t d that is a language app. Here are sme fr yu.
Magsh
Magsh ffers a few excellent mdules fr learners. These are especially useful if yu're studying fr an English exam. Advanced English learners will find the vcabulary builder app especially useful. We never stp learning new wrds, and the Magsh vcabulary app includes wrds that wuld be challenging even fr native speakers!
FluentU
This language learning website and app is designed t get yu cmfrtable with everyday English by cmbining all the benefits f cmplete immersin and native-level cnversatins. Its lessns are based n authentic vides—everything frm mvie trailers t inspiring talks t news reprts—with added learning tls like interactive subtitles(字幕).
Blinkist
Blinkist has summarized bks n many different categries, including science, parenting, entrepreneurship, psychlgy, plitics and educatin, just t name a few f the 27categries available. T tp it all, each summary has its wn native audi available! S if yu dn't feel like reading but still want t knw why everybdy is reading Make yur Bed by William H. McRaven. just press play and clse yur eyes.
G Crrect
G Crrect will send yu ne questin every day frm Mnday t Friday. Yu have t answer it by using 70 wrds r less, and a language teacher will crrect yur answer and send yu feedback. Yu can chse t get intermediate, advanced r business-related questins, and if yu dn't make many mistakes, the number f wrds yu can write ges up t 80.
1、What is Magsh mst suitable fr?
A. Enriching vcabulary.B. Imprving listening skill.
C. Practising ral English.D. Develping writing skill.
2、What's the appeal f G Crrect?
A. Authentic vides. B. Teachers' feedback.
C. Everyday questin. D. Native cnversatin.
3、Thse wh prefer listening t bks can chse ______.
A. Magsh B. FluentUC. Blinkist D. G Crrect
Artist Tm Campbell has exhibited his wrk at Outlaw Studis at Marina Cmmercial Park. The exhibitin is Tm's largest ne t date and includes affrdable art. The interactive shw is made up f drawings, paintings, sculptures and live perfrmances. Thrughut the exhibitin. Tm is wrking, giving the public an pprtunity t watch inside his studi and have their prtraits drawn. Peple can als cmmissin a piece f their chsing.
Wall painting is part f Tm's utput. He has created a wall painting fr Electric Picnic, alng with fur ther artists invited t take part in this cmmissin. His wall painting has a special theme, prtrayed by dves(鸽子). As well as his anti-war standpint, he is ding smething meaningful. Tm is a funding member f a tree planting prject called Trees Please. The grup has distributed 10,000 trees in abut fur years acrss Ireland.
Humur is als imprtant fr Tm in his art. He can treat heavy subjects with irny, ften emplying an aggressive cmbinatin f lively clrs and animals with wistful expressins cmmunicating the imprtance f respect, peace, understanding and lve. He has dne creative wrk fr mental health charities.
Tm was brn with a lve fr art. He enjys playing musical instruments in public, like the vilin. He gets lts f smiles frm peple. He als sings and has an nline channel featuring his sngs. which are very imprvised(即兴的). All this creativity is a lifeline fr him. wh believes that art is a necessity rather than a luxury.
Art is smething everybdy can d. If creativity was embraced by peple in an pen way,it culd transfrm sciety. Art can bring a lt f jy. Everyne is creative and enjys creativity whether it's music r visual art r whatever.
4、What d we knw abut Tm's exhibitin?
A. It is targeted at the rich.
B. It takes n a variety f frms.
C. It is the largest ne thrughut art histry.
D. It ffers an pprtunity t practise drawing.
5、What des paragraph 2 mainly tell us abut Tm?
A. His sense f humr and creativity.
B. His effrt t prtect plants and animals.
C. His advice n painting and planting trees.
D. His passin fr peace and the envirnment.
6、What can we learn frm Tm's imprvised sngs?
A. He has creative talent. B. Art is a luxury.
C. Art has n bundaries.D. He is ppular in public.
7、In which clumn f a magazine can the text prbably appear?
A. Literature.B. Finance.C. Figure.D. Sciety.
Humans have lng knwn that being in nature is gd fr the mind and bdy. Frm indigenus(本土的)adlescents cmpleting the adult ceremny in the wild t mdern East Asian cultures taking “frest baths”, many have lked t nature as a place fr healing and persnal grwth. But the questin still remains. Hw can nature make it?
There is n dubt that being in nature reduces the physilgical symptms f stress in ur bdies, What this means is that we are less likely t be anxius and fearful in nature, and therefre we can be mre pen t ther peple and creative patterns f thught. Als, nature ften leads t awe, wnder and respect, all these emtins facilitating everything frm physical t mental health. There is als sme evidence that expsure t nature impacts the brain. Viewing natural beauty makes specific reward circuits in the brain assciated with dpamine release, a chemical that gives us a sense f purpse, jy and energy t pursue ur gals.
But, regrettably, peple seem t be spending less time utdrs and less time in nature than befre. It is als clear that, in the past 30 years, peple's levels f stress and sense f “busyness” have risen dramatically. These jint frces have led envirnmental writer RichardLuv t cin the term “Nature Deficit Disrder”—a frm f suffering that cmes frm a sense f discnnectin frm nature and its pwers.
Perhaps we shuld take nte and try a curse crrective. The 19th century philspher Ralph Wald Emersn nce wrte abut nature, “There I feel that nthing can befall me in life—n disgrace, n calamity.” The science speaks t Emersn's intuitin. It's time t realize that nature is mre than just a material resurce. It's als a pathway t human health and happiness.
8、Why are “indigenus adlescents” and “mdern East Asian cultures” mentined in paragraph 1?
A. T clarify a viewpint.
B. T answer the questin belw.
C. T present the natural scenery.
D. T shw the cultural differences.
9、What des the underlined wrd “facilitating” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Restricting.B. Expsing.C. Prmting. D. Cvering.
10、What is the tne f the authr in writing paragraph 3?
A. Indifferent. B. Uneasy. C. Humrus. D. Prud.
11、What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Is It Time t Challenge Yurself in Nature?
B. D Yu Knw Nature Is a Material Resurce?
C. Why D We Care Abut the Natural Envirnment?
D. What Can Happen When We Cnnect with Nature?
Nash equilibrium(纳什均衡)is named after Jhn Nash, an American mathematician. Is a kind f cncept, which attempts t determine mathematically and lgically the actins that participants f a game shuld take t secure the best utcmes fr themselves.
T find it in a game, ne wuld have t mdel ut each f the pssible scenaris t determine the results and then chse what the mst satisfactry y strategy wuld be. In a tw persn game, this wuld take int cnsideratin the pssible strategies that bth players culd chse. If neither player changes their strategy knwing all f the infrmatin, a Nash equilibrium has ccurred.
Imagine a game between Tm and Sam. In this simple game, bth players can chse strategy A t receive $1, r strategy B t lse $1. Lgically, bth players chse strategy A and receive a payff f $ 1. If yu revealed Sam's strategy t Tm and vice versa(反之亦然),yu see that n player's chice is different frm the riginal ne. Knwing the ther player's mve means little and desn't change either player's behavir. Outcme A represents the Nash equilibrium.
Nash equilibrium helps a player determine the best payff in a situatin based n nt nly their decisins but als the decisins f ther parties invlved. It can als be used in many aspects f life, frm ecnmics t scial behaviral sciences, frm business strategies t a huse sale and s n.
Unlike dminant strategy, Nash equilibrium desn't always lead t the mst satisfactry utcme. In mst cases, such as in war, whether that is a military war r a bidding war, an individual rarely knws the ppnent's strategy r what they want the utcme t be. It just means that an individual chses the best strategy based n the infrmatin they have. Nash equilibrium can nly ccur if a player chses t remain with their current strategy if they knw their ppnent's strategy. Furthermre, in multiple games played with the same ppnents, it des nt take int cnsideratin past behavir, which ften predicts future behavir.
12、Which kind f cncept des Nash equilibrium belng t?
A. Game thery.B. Secrecy strategies.
C. Player infrmatin.D. Participatin qualificatins.
13、Hw des the authr explain Nash equilibrium?
A. By quting sayings.B. By drawing a parallel.
C. By making cmparisns.D. By giving an illustratin.
14、What des paragraph 4 mainly tell us abut Nash equilibrium?
A. Its elements.B. Its drawbacks.
C. Its applicatins.D. Its backgrunds.
15、What is the authr's attitude t Nash equilibrium?
A. Resistant.B. Objective.C. Cnfused.D. Curius.
二、七选五
16、Have yu heard f the game “Pin the Tail n the Dnkey”? ①_______. It can prvide the hst with an pprtunity t give the guests small gifts. The bject f the game is t place the dnkey's tail as clse as pssible t the place where it shuld actually be. Typically, the winner f a rund will receive a small prize.
②_______. Generally, yu need a large picture f a dnkey withut a tail and pictures f the dnkey's tail. Yu'll als need a blindfld(眼罩). Besides, yu need t prepare a pin fr each tail s that kids can attach the tails t the dnkey.
When yu chse an area fr the game, keep security in mind. Since players may head ff in cmpletely wrng directins, it's imprtant t find a rather large area. The area had better be flat, withut bjects like big stnes n the grund. ③_______.
Here are the steps f the game. One at a time, blindfld the kid, hand him the tail yu’ve marked fr him, and turn him slwly arund at the starting pint. ④_______. All ther players shuld keep ut f the blindflded kid's way as he makes his way t the wall.
The kid shuld walk with his arms utstretched and place the tail as sn as he tuches the wall. ⑤_______. Then gather everyne t examine the picture and identify the winner—the player wh has made the best attempt t pin the tail n the dnkey in the prper psitin.
A. Nw, the game is ppular wrldwide
B. Otherwise, kids may fall ver and get injured
C. When tuching the wall, the kid shuld stand still
D. It's a western game primarily used at parties fr kids
E. T play the game, yu need t prepare certain bjects
F. Repeat the prcess until all the kids have taken turns playing it
G. Pint him accurately twards the wall where the dnkey picture is and step back
三、完形填空（20空）
Grwing up in the “City f Lakes”, Udaipur, India, my passin and lve fr animals grew with each passing day. I ften 1 the harm f animal suffering in my wn cmmunity and nearby villages. My heart 2 , but because I was yung and withut means, my actins were 3 . I lnged fr the pwer t make a bigger 4 and wished I culd help every suffering animal I saw alng the radside.
As I matured, I culd n lnger stand idle, resigned(屈服的) t a passive rle. I decided t 5 the Animal Prtectin Sciety in Udaipur, an rganizatin t prtect and rescue animals 6 . Presenting the idea f an animal 7 rganizatin t my family prved challenging. Their 8 f supprt mirrred a negative attitude twards animals in ur sciety. I recall a time when I encuntered an injured dg n the street, and instead f receiving 9 ,I was met with criticism. Despite these discuragements, I 10 frward, with psitivity as my guide.
I sught inspiratin frm thers wh had experience 11 in animal prtectin. Their 12 advice guide d me thrugh the mst difficult decisins. Slwly but surely, a cmpassinate team began t 13 , cnsisting f individuals wh shared my determined lve fr animals. Vishal Hilriya, ur c-funder, emerged as a pillar(支柱) f 14 , alng with a hst f thers wh ffered financial aid and vlunteered 15 fr ur cause. Their dedicatin transfrmed ur dreams int 16 .
Each time we rescue a sick r injured animal, there is a celebratin in ur hearts. When yu save a life, yur sul feels s 17 . I wish fr a time when every human being extends empathy(共情)and 18 t all living beings. I call fr each persn t deepen their 19 t animals, each ther, and every living thing. In ding s, we will 20 and strengthen ur lving experience n this planet.
17、A. imaginedB. believed C. witnessedD. cnsidered
18、A. achedB. sankC. beat D. mved
19、A. apparentB. variusC. ridiculusD. limited
20、A. mdelB. differenceC. decisinD. list
21、A. describeB. designC. establishD. find
22、A. in needB. at handC. within reachD. n end
23、A. prductB. fcusC. careD. rescue
24、A. wayB. lackC. style D. tpic
25、A. assistanceB. arrangementC. destinatinD. cmment
26、A. lked B. brughtC. cntinued D. pated
27、A. appearingB. survivingC. livingD. parking
28、A. massB. invaluableC. wrthlessD. legal
29、A. take effect B. catch nC. take shapeD. make sense
30、A. strengthB. authrityC. prfitD. harmny
31、A. mtinlesslyB. speechlesslyC. carelesslyD. tirelessly
32、A. existenceB. realityC. chanceD. battle
33、A. eagerB. generusC. cmpleteD. rdinary
34、A. respectB. reliefC. impact D. smile
35、A. gratitudeB. cnnectinC. apprach D. reactin
36、A. widenB. narrw C. shrten D. deepen
四、短文填空
37、In the muntains f suthwestern China, widespread karst(喀斯特) landfrms have given rise t numerus natural caves, ①______(ffer) unique resurces fr turism. ②______ (equip) with safety facilities and pened t the public in 1985, Zhijin Cave in Guizhu’s Bijie city has emerged as a famed scenic spt. This summer, it has attracted numerus sightseeing turists and curius students alike, frming large crwds f enthusiastic ③______ (visit).
Tw weeks ag, mre than 100 students and teachers frm N. 8 Middle Schl in Bijie tk n an explratin f the cave ④______ (learn) abut the frmatin and types f karst caves, as well as ways t prtect them. With headlamps n, the students ⑤______ (guide) by interpreters as they ventured int a “karst museum” where they experienced ⑥______ (extreme)awesme sights. Alng the stne steps, they encuntered intercnnected caves f ⑦______ (variety)sizes and witnessed stalactites(钟乳石)hanging r standing ⑧______ diverse frms.
Study turs are ⑨______ innvative means f linking schl educatin with extracurricular learning. Thrugh the immersive(沉浸式的) learning experiences, the children culdn't help be amazed at the wnders crafted by nature. “We have gained knwledge ⑩______ can't be fund in bks,” said a student. “Nw I knw hw karst caves were frmed.”
五、短文改错
38、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The universal lnging fr brightness and warm gave birth t thusands f lights. They break the darkness and carry peple's hpes and dreams n specially days. China's Lantern Festival is ne such day, celebrating thrugh light shws and ther celebratins. It is n 15th day f the first mnth f the lunar year. As Chinese peple's living standards keep rise, they have a strnger need fr entertainment during festivals. Making lanterns have becme a trend again, ppular amng bth children and adults. Many hanfu lvers als brught lanterns, small and animal-shaped, as a decratin while wearing yur cstumes. There are much lvely lanterns fr peple f all ages t be light up the festival.
六、书面表达
39、你校英文报正在开展题为“My Favurite Bk”的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.该书简介(书名、内容等)；
2.读后感受。
注意：
1.词数 100 左右;
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参考答案
1、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Magsh部分Advanced English learners will find the vcabulary builder app especially useful.We never stp learning new wrds，and the Magsh vcabulary app includes wrds that wuld be challenging even fr native speakers!（高级英语学习者会发现词汇生成器应用程序特别有用。我们从不停止学习新单词，Magsh词汇应用程序包括即使对母语人士来说也具有挑战性的单词!）可知Magsh有助于丰富你的词汇。故选A。
2、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据G Crrect部分Yu have t answer it by using 70 wrds r less，and a language teacher will crrect yur answer and send yu feedback.（你必须用70个或更少的单词来回答，语言老师会纠正你的答案并给你反馈。）可知G Crrect的吸引力是老师的反馈。故选B。
3、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Blinkist部分S if yu dn't feel like reading but still want t knw why everybdy is reading Make yur Bed by William H.McRaven，just press play and clse yur eyes.（所以，如果你不想看书，但仍然想知道为什么大家都在读威廉•h•麦克雷文的《整理床铺》，只要按下播放键，闭上眼睛就行了。）可知Blinkist那些喜欢听书的人可以选择Blinkist。故选C。
4、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中The exhibitin is Tm's largest ne t date and includes affrdable art.The interactive shw is made up f drawings，paintings，sculptures and live perfrmances.（这次展览是汤姆迄今为止最大的一次展览，其中包括价格合理的艺术品。互动表演由素描、油画、雕塑和现场表演组成。）可知，汤姆的展览有各种各样的形式。故选B项。
5、答案：D
解析：段落大意题。根据第二段Wall painting is part f Tm's utput.He has created a wall painting fr Electric Picnic，alng with fur ther artists invited t take part in this cmmissin.His wall painting has a special theme，prtrayed by dves （鸽子）.As well as his anti-war standpint，he is ding smething meaningful.Tm is a funding member f a tree planting prject called Trees Please.The grup has distributed 10，000 trees in abut fur years acrss Ireland.（壁画是汤姆作品的一部分。他为Electric Picnic创作了一幅壁画，与其他四位艺术家一起被邀请参加这个项目。他的壁画有一个特别的主题，画的是鸽子。除了他的反战立场，他还在做一些有意义的事情。汤姆是植树项目"请植树"的创始成员。该组织在大约四年的时间里在爱尔兰各地种植了1万棵树。）可知，第二段主要告诉我们汤姆对和平和环境的热爱。故选D项。
6、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中He als sings and has an nline channel featuring his sngs，which are very imprvised （即兴的）.All this creativity is a lifeline fr him，wh believes that art is a necessity rather than a luxury.（他还唱歌，并有一个在线频道专门播放他即兴创作的歌曲。所有这些创意都是他的生命线，他认为艺术是必需品而不是奢侈品。）可推知，我们能从汤姆的即兴歌曲中了解他的创作天赋。A．He has creative talent.他有创造才能；B．Art is a luxury.艺术是一种奢侈品；C．Art has n bundaries.艺术没有边界；D．He is ppular in public.他在公众面前很受欢迎。故选A项。
7、答案：C
解析：文章出处题。根据文章大意以及第一段Artist Tm Campbell has exhibited his wrk at Outlaw Studis at Marina Cmmercial Park.The exhibitin is Tm's largest ne t date and includes affrdable art.The interactive shw is made up f drawings，paintings，sculptures and live perfrmances.Thrughut the exhibitin，Tm is wrking，giving the public an pprtunity t watch inside his studi and have their prtraits drawn.Peple can als cmmissin a piece f their chsing.（艺术家汤姆•坎贝尔在滨海湾商业公园的不法工作室展出了他的作品。这次展览是汤姆迄今为止最大的一次展览，其中包括价格合理的艺术品。互动表演由素描、油画、雕塑和现场表演组成。在整个展览中，汤姆一直在工作，让公众有机会在他的工作室里观看，并为他们画肖像。人们也可以委托自己选择一件。）可知，本文讲述了汤姆对艺术的热爱与执着。因此，本文可能来自杂志的人物栏目。故选C项。
8、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段Humans have lng knwn that being in nature is gd fr the mind and bdy.Frm indigenus（本土的） adlescents cmpleting the adult ceremny in the wild t mdern East Asian cultures taking "frest baths"，many have lked t nature as a place fr healing and persnal grwth.But the questin still remains.Hw can nature make it？（人类早就知道身处大自然对身心都有好处。从在野外完成成人仪式的土著青少年到现代东亚文化中的"森林浴"，许多人都将大自然视为治愈和个人成长的地方。但问题依然存在。大自然是怎么做到的呢？）可知，作者提及土著青少年和现代东亚文化是为了阐明一个观点：置身大自然对身心都有好处。故选A。
9、答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段There is n dubt that being in nature reduces the physilgical symptms f stress in ur bdies.（毫无疑问，在大自然中可以减少我们身体中压力的生理症状。）以及There is als sme evidence that expsure t nature impacts the brain.（还有一些证据表明，接触大自然会影响大脑。）可知，此处为大自然常常让人敬畏、惊叹和尊重，所有这些情感都有助于从身体到心理健康的一切。故可猜测划线单词facilitating为"促进"的意思。A．Restricting限制；B．Expsing暴露；C．Prmting促进；D．Cvering覆盖。故选C。
10、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段But，regrettably，peple seem t be spending less time utdrs and less time in nature than befre.It is als clear that，in the past 30 years，peple's levels f stress and sense f "busyness" have risen dramatically.These jint frces have led envirnmental writer Richard Luv t cin the term "Nature Deficit Disrder"—a frm f suffering that cmes frm a sense f discnnectin frm nature and its pwers.（但是，令人遗憾的是，人们花在户外和大自然中的时间似乎比以前少了。同样明显的是，在过去的30年里，人们的压力水平和"忙碌"感急剧上升。这些共同的力量使得环境作家Richard Luv创造了"自然缺失症"这个术语--一种来自于与自然及其力量脱节的痛苦。）可推知，作者写第三段的语气是不安的，对此感到很担忧。B．Uneasy不安；A．Indifferent冷漠的；C．Humrus幽默的；D．Prud骄傲的。故选B。
11、答案：D
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段Frm indigenus（本土的） adlescents cmpleting the adult ceremny in the wild t mdern East Asian cultures taking "frest baths"，many have lked t nature as a place fr healing and persnal grwth.But the questin still remains.Hw can nature make it？（从在野外完成成人仪式的土著青少年到现代东亚文化中的"森林浴"，许多人都将大自然视为治愈和个人成长的地方。但问题依然存在。大自然是怎么做到的呢？）可知，文章介绍了接触大自然的好处：促进身心健康。因此可知，D．What Can Happen When We Cnnect with Nature？（当我们与自然联系时，会发生什么？）为最佳标题。故选D。
12、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Nash equilibrium（纳什均衡） is named after Jhn Nash，an American mathematician.It is a kind f cncept，which attempts t determine mathematically and lgically the actins that participants f a game shuld take t secure the best utcmes fr themselves.（纳什均衡是以美国数学家约翰•纳什的名字命名的。这是一种概念，它试图从数学和逻辑上确定游戏参与者应该采取的行动，以确保自己获得最佳结果。）可知，纳什均衡属于一种游戏理论概念。故选A。
13、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Imagine a game between Tm and Sam.In this simple game，bth players can chse strategy A t receive ＄1，r strategy B t lse＄1.Lgically，bth players chse strategy A and receive a payff f ＄1.If yu revealed Sam's strategy t Tm and vice versa （反之亦然），yu see that n player's chice is different frm the riginal ne.Knwing the ther player's mve means little and desn't change either player's behavir.Outcme A represents the Nash equilibrium.（想象一下汤姆和萨姆之间的一场比赛。在这个简单的游戏中，双方玩家都可以选择策略A获得1美元，或者选择策略B损失1美元。逻辑上，双方都选择策略A并获得1美元收益。如果你将Sam的策略透露给Tm，反之亦然，你会发现没有玩家的选择与最初的不同。知道其他玩家的移动并不意味着什么，也不会改变任何玩家的行为。结果A代表纳什均衡。）可知，作者通过举例说明解释第三段中的纳什均衡。故选D。
14、答案：C
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段Nash equilibrium helps a player determine the best payff in a situatin based n nt nly their decisins but als the decisins f ther parties invlved.It can als be used in many aspects f life，frm ecnmics t scial behaviral sciences，frm business strategies t a huse sale and s n.（纳什均衡帮助玩家在一种情况下确定最佳收益，这种情况不仅基于他们自己的决策，也基于其他参与方的决策。它也可以用于生活的许多方面，从经济学到社会行为科学，从商业策略到房屋销售等等。）可知，关于纳什均衡，第四段主要告诉了我们它的应用。故选C。
15、答案：B
解析：观点态度题。根据第四段Nash equilibrium helps a player determine the best payff in a situatin based n nt nly their decisins but als the decisins f ther parties invlved.（纳什均衡帮助玩家在一种情况下确定最佳收益，这种情况不仅基于他们自己的决策，也基于其他参与方的决策。）以及第五段中Unlike dminant strategy，Nash equilibrium desn't always lead t the mst satisfactry utcme.（与优势策略不同，纳什均衡并不总是导致最令人满意的结果。）可知，第四段谈到纳什均衡帮助玩家在一种情况下确定最佳收益，第五段指出纳什均衡并不总是导致最令人满意的结果。由此可推知，作者客观地看待纳什均衡。A．Resistant抵抗的；B．Objective客观的；C．Cnfused困惑的；D．Curius好奇的。故选B。
16、答案：①-⑤DEBGF
解析：①细节理解题。根据上文 Have yu heard f the game "Pin the Tail n the Dnkey"？（你听说过'Pin the Tail n the Dnkey'这个游戏吗？）可知，空处应是介绍这个游戏，D项"It's a western game primarily used at parties fr kids这是一种西方游戏，主要用于孩子们的聚会。"符合语境，故选D。
②标题判断题。根据下文Generally，yu need a large picture f a dnkey withut a tail and pictures f the dnkey's tail.Yu'll als need a need t prepare a pin fr each tail s that kids can attach the tails t the dnkey.（一般来说，你需要一张没有尾巴的驴的大照片和驴尾巴的照片。你还需要一个眼罩。此外，你需要为每条尾巴准备一个别针，这样孩子们就可以把尾巴固定在驴身上。）可知，本段主要讲述玩游戏需要准备的东西，E项"T play the game，yu need t prepare certain bjects要玩这个游戏，你需要准备特定的物品。"符合语境，故选E。
③细节理解题。根据上文The area had better be flat，withut bjects like big stnes n the grund.（这个地方最好是平坦的，地上不能有大石头之类的东西。）可知，提到玩游戏的场地最好平坦、没有石头，B项"Otherwise，kids may fall ver and get injured否则，孩子们可能会摔倒受伤。"符合语境，故选B。
④推理判断题。根据上文One at a time，blindfld the kid.hand him the tail yu've labeled fr him，and turn him slwly arund at the starting pint（把你标记好的尾巴递给他，在起点慢慢地把他转过来。）和下文All ther players shuld keep ut f the blindflded kid's way as he makes his way t the wall.（当这个蒙着眼睛的孩子向墙走去时，所有其他的球员都应该离他远点。）可知，上文提到把孩子转过来，下文提到这个孩子向墙的方向走去，故空处是说给孩子指明墙的方向，G项"Pint him accurately twards the wall where the dnkey picture is and step back把他准确地指向墙上驴的照片，然后退后一步。"符合语境，故选G。
⑤推理判断题。根据上文The kid shuld walk with his arms utstretched and place the tail as sn as he tuches the wall.（孩子走路时应该张开双臂，一碰到墙就把尾巴放好。）提到孩子碰到墙就把尾巴放好，结合下文Then gather everyne t examine the picture and identify the winner — the player wh has made the best attempt t pin the tail n the dnkey in the prper psitin.（然后召集所有人来检查这张照片，并确定谁是获胜者——谁在适当的位置上试了最大的努力把尾巴钉在驴身上。）可知，孩子把尾巴放在墙上就完成了游戏，等所有孩子都这样完成了游戏再把所有人聚在一起看看谁是获胜者，F项"Repeat the prcess until all the kids have taken turns playing it重复这个过程，直到所有的孩子都轮流玩游戏。"符合语境，故选F。
17、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.imagined想象；B.believed相信；C.witnessed见证；D.cnsidered认为。句意：在我自己的社区和附近的村庄，我经常目睹动物遭受痛苦的危害。根据后句"the harm f animal suffering in my wn cmmunity and nearby villages."和"My heart（2）"可知，作者目睹动物遭受痛苦的危害，心很痛。故选C。
18、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.ached疼痛；B.sank沉没；C.beat击败；D.mved感动。句意：我心痛。根据上句"I ften（1）the harm f animal suffering in my wn cmmunity and nearby villages."可知，作者心很痛的原因是目睹动物遭受痛苦的危害。故选A。
19、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.apparent明显的；B.varius各种各样的；C.ridiculus荒谬的；D.limited有限的。句意：但因为我年轻又没有经济来源，我的保护动物的行动受到了限制。根据"but because I was yung and withut means"可知，作者的保护动物的行动受到了限制。故选D。
20、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.mdel模型；B.difference不同；C.decisin决定；D.list清单。句意：我渴望有能力做出更大的改变，希望我能帮助每一个我在路边看到的受苦的动物。根据本句"I lnged fr the pwer"和下句"wished I culd help every suffering animal I saw alng the radside."可知，作者渴望有能力做出改变。故选B。
21、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.describe描述；B.design设计；C.establish建立；D.find找到。句意：我决定在乌代普尔建立动物保护协会，一个保护和救助有需要的动物的组织。根据本句"the Animal Prtectin Sciety"可知，作者想建立动物保护协会。故选C。
22、答案：A
解析：考查介词短语及语境理解。A.in need有需要的；B.at hand近在手边；C.within reach触手可及；D.n end连续不断的。句意：我决定在乌代普尔建立动物保护协会，一个保护和救助有需要的动物的组织。根据本句"prtect and rescue animals"可知，是保护和救助有需要的动物。故选A。
23、答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.prduct产品；B.fcus焦点；C.care关心；D.rescue营救。句意：向我的家人提出一个动物救援组织的想法是很有挑战性的。根据本句"I decided t（5）the Animal Prtectin Sciety in Udaipur，an rganizatin t prtect and rescue animals（6）. "可知，作者向家人提出一个动物救援组织的想法。故选D。
24、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.way方法；B.lack缺乏；C.style风格；D.tpic主题。句意：他们缺乏支持反映了我们社会对动物的消极态度。根据本句"mirrred a negative attitude twards animals in ur sciety"可知，他们缺乏支持反映了我们社会对动物的消极态度。故选B。
25、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.assistance援助；B.arrangement安排；C.destinatin目的地；D.cmment评论。句意：我记得有一次，我在街上遇到一只受伤的狗，我非但没有得到帮助，反而遭到了批评。根据本句"I was met with criticism"可知，作者并没有得到帮助。故选A。
26、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.lked看；B.brught带来；C.cntinued继续；D.cmpeted竞争。句意：尽管有这些挫折，我还是以积极的态度继续前进。根据本句"with psitivity as my guide"可知，作者以积极的态度继续的前进。故选C。
27、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.appearing出现；B.surviving幸存；C.living生活；D.wrking工作。句意：我从其他有从事动物保护工作经验的人那里寻求灵感。根据本句"frm thers wh had experience"可知是工作。故选D。
28、答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.mass大量的；B.invaluable无价的；C.wrthless一文不值的；D.legal合法的。句意：他们宝贵的建议指导我做出了最困难的决定。根据本句"guided me thrugh the mst difficult decisins"可知，他们宝贵的建议指导我做出了最困难的决定。故选B。
29、答案：C
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.take effect生效；B.catch n流行起来；C.take shape成形；D.make sense讲得通，有意义。句意：慢慢地，一个富有同情心的团队开始形成，这个团队由和我一样热爱动物的人组成。根据本句"cnsisting f individuals wh shared my determined lve fr animals. "可知，一个富有同情心的团队开始形成。故选C。
30、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.strength长处，力量；B.authrity专家，权威人士；C.prfit利润，盈利；D.harmny和睦。句意：我们的联合创始人维沙尔•希洛里亚（Vishal Hilriya）与其他许多人为我们的事业提供了经济援助和不知疲倦的志愿者，成为了我们力量的支柱。根据本句"alng with a hst f thers wh ffered financial aid and vlunteered（15）fr ur cause"可知，我们的联合创始人与其他许多人为我们的事业提供了经济援助和不知疲倦的志愿者，成为了力量支柱。故选A。
31、答案：D
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.mtinlessly静止的，不运动的；B.speechlessly哑口无言地；C.carelessly粗心地；D.tirelessly不屈不挠地。句意：我们的联合创始人维沙尔•希洛里亚（Vishal Hilriya）与其他许多人为我们的事业提供了经济援助和不知疲倦的志愿者，成为了我们力量的支柱。根据"vlunteered"以及"fr ur cause"可知，志愿者为我们的事业是不屈不挠的。故选D。
32、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.existence存在；B.reality现实；C.chance机会；D.battle斗争。句意：他们的奉献使我们的梦想变成了现实。根据本句"dreams"可知，他们的奉献把梦想变为了现实。故选B。
33、答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.eager渴望的；B.generus慷慨的；C.cmplete完全的，彻底的；D.rdinary普通的，平常的。句意：当你拯救了一条生命，你的灵魂会感到如此完整。根据本句"When yu save a life"可知，当拯救了一条生命的时候，人的灵魂会感到非常的完整。故选C。
34、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.respect尊重；B.relief宽慰，轻松；C.impact影响；D.smile笑。句意：我希望有一天，每个人都能同情和尊重所有的生物。根据本句"empathy （共情）"以及"t all living beings."可知，每个人都能同情和尊重所有的生物。故选A。
35、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.gratitude感谢；B.cnnectin联系；C.apprach方法；D.reactin反应。句意：我呼吁每个人都加深与动物、彼此以及所有生物的联系。根据后句"In ding s，we will（20）and strengthen ur lving experience n this planet. "可知，作者倡导大家加深与动物、彼此以及所有生物的联系。故选B。
36、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.widen使变宽；B.narrw使缩小；C.shrten缩短；D.deepen加深。句意：这样做，我们将加深和加强我们在这个星球上的爱的经验。根据上句"I call fr each persn t deepen their（19）t animals，each ther，and every living thing."可知，作者倡导大家加深与动物、彼此以及所有生物的联系来加深和加强我们在这个星球上的爱的经验。故选D。
37、答案：①ffering②Equipped③visitrs④t learn⑤were guided⑥extremely⑦varius/ varied⑧in⑨an⑩that/which
解析：①考查现在分词作状语。句意：在中国西南山区，广泛的喀斯特地貌形成了众多的天然洞穴，为旅游提供了独特的资源。设空处在句中为非谓语作结果状语，表示顺其自然的结果应用动词的现在分词的形式，故填ffering。
②考查过去分词作状语。句意：贵州毕节市的织金洞配有安全设施，于1985年向公众开放，现已成为著名的景点。设空处在句中为非谓语作状语，和句子的逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Equipped。
③考查名词。句意：今年夏天，它吸引了无数的观光游客和好奇的学生，形成了一大群热情的游客。设空处作介词的宾语，应用名词的形式，前为"large crwds f （一大群）"后为名词复数的形式。故填visitrs。
④考查不定式作目的状语。句意：两周前，毕节八中的100多名师生对溶洞进行了探索，以了解溶洞的形成和类型，以及保护溶洞的方法。设空处应用动词不定式的形式作目的状语。故填t learn。
⑤考查过去时的被动语态。句意：在大灯的指引下，学生们在翻译的带领下冒险进入了一个"喀斯特博物馆"，在那里他们体验了非常令人惊叹的景观。设空处在句中作谓语，叙述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，空处和句子的主语之间是被动关系，故设空处应为一般过去时的被动语态，故填were guided。
⑥考查副词。句意：在大灯的指引下，学生们在翻译的带领下冒险进入了一个"喀斯特博物馆"，在那里他们体验了非常令人惊叹的景观。设空处应用副词的形式作状语修饰形容词awesme，故填extremely。
⑦考查形容词。句意：沿着石阶，他们遇到了相互连接的各种洞穴，并目睹了以各种形式悬挂或站立的钟乳石。设空处后为名词，应用形容词的形式修饰名词，varius/varied表示"各种各样的"。故填varius/varied。
⑧考查介词。句意：沿着石阶，他们遇到了相互连接的各种洞穴，并目睹了以各种形式悬挂或站立的钟乳石。介词短语in a frm意为"以某种形式"，frms与介词in连用。故填in。
⑨考查冠词。句意：游学是将学校教育与课外学习联系起来的一种创新方式。设空处后为名词单数表示泛指，应用不定冠词，innvative 为元音音素开头的单词，应为an。故填an。
⑩考查定语从句的引导词。句意：我们获得了书本上找不到的知识。设空处引导定语从句，且在句中作指物的主语，先行词为knwledge，应用which/that。故填that/which。
38、答案：
The universal lnging fr brightness and gave birth t thusands f lights. They break the darkness and carry peple's hpes and dreams n days. China's Lantern Festival is ne such day, thrugh light shws and ther celebratins. It is n 15th day f the first mnth f the lunar year. As Chinese peple's living standards keep , they have a strnger need fr entertainment during festivals. Making lanterns becme a trend again, ppular amng bth children and adults. Many hanfu lvers als lanterns, small and animal-shaped, as a decratin while wearing cstumes. There are lvely lanterns fr peple f all ages t light up the festival.
解析：①考查名词。句意：对光明和温暖的普遍渴望，催生了成千上万的灯光。在句中应用名词作宾语表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故将warm改为warmth。
②考查形容词。句意：他们打破黑暗，在特殊的日子里承载着人们的希望和梦想。应用形容词修饰名词days，故将specially改为special。
③考查过去分词。句意：中国的元宵节就是这样一个日子，人们通过灯光表演和其他庆祝活动来庆祝。在句中作非谓语，China's Lantern Festival与celebrate为被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式作状语。故将celebrating改为celebrated。
④考查冠词。句意：它是在农历的第一个月的第十五天。表示第十五天，序数词前应有定冠词the。故在15th前加the。
⑤考查动名词。句意：随着中国人生活水平的不断提高，他们对节日娱乐的需求也越来越强烈。在句中作非谓语，固定短语keep ding sth保持做某事。故将rise改为rising。
⑥考查谓语。句意：制作灯笼再次成为一种潮流，在儿童和成人中都很受欢迎。设空处在句中作谓语，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子的主语为Making lanterns，为动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数的形式。故将have改为has。
⑦考查谓语动词。句意：许多汉服爱好者还带来了小的，动物形状的灯笼，作为穿着汉服的装饰。叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为many hanfu lvers，结合主谓一致。故将brught改为bring。
⑧考查代词。句意：许多汉服爱好者还带来了小的，动物形状的灯笼，作为穿着汉服的装饰。指代Many hanfu lvers（许多汉服爱好者）应用代词their。故将yur改为their。
⑨考查不定代词。句意：有许多可爱的灯笼供各个年龄段的人点亮节日。后为可数名词复数lanterns，表示"许多"应用many。故将much改为many。
⑩考查不定式。句意：有许多可爱的灯笼供各个年龄段的人点亮节日。在句中作非谓语，表示目的，应用动词不定式的形式，light up"点亮"。故去掉be。
39、答案：
My Favurite Bk
Of all the bks I read, I like A Dream f Red Mansins best. It describes a tragic lve stry f the tw cusins, thrugh which ne witnesses the histry f rise and fall f fur big families. It cvers varius subjects ranging frm medicine t architecture, making it ne f the fur classics in Chinese literature.
After reading A Dream f Red Mansins, I feel life is as beautiful as a pem, which is full f ups and dwns, sadness and happiness. As a teenager, I shuld cherish the present and lk frward t the future. I think the bk has its wn brand new lk in bth idelgical cntent and artistic skills and a permanent artistic charm wrthy f inheritance.
解析：