Unit1 同步知识点讲义 人教新目标Go for it!版英语八年级上册

这是一份Unit1 同步知识点讲义 人教新目标Go for it!版英语八年级上册，共27页。
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?单元重点短语/句型词组、短语：1、go on vacation去度假, 2、 stay at home 呆在家,3、go to the mountains 上山/进山 ， 4、 go to the beach到海边去，5、visit museums 参观博物馆， 6、go to summer camp 去夏令营，7、 quite a few 相当多， 8、study for为……学习， 9、go out 出去，10、most of the time 大部分时间/绝大多数时间， 11、taste good 尝起来味道好，12、have a good time玩的开心， 13、of course当然可以， 14、feel like感觉像……/想要, 15、 go shopping购物， 16、in the past 在过去，17、walk around绕……走， 18、too many 太多（可数名词前面），19、because of 因为， 20、one bowl of 一碗……, 21、find out 查出来/发现 ，22、go on继续， 23、take photos 照相， 24、something important重要的事情， 25、up and down上上下下， 26、come up出来 重要句子（语法）：Where did you go on vacation?你到哪里去度假了？I went to New York City.我去了纽约城Did you go out with anyone? 你出去带人吗？ No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.不，没有人在这儿。大家度去度假了。Did you buy anything special?你买了什么特别的东西吗？ Yes, I bought something for my father.对，我给父亲买了一些东西。How was the food? 食物怎么样？ Everything tasted really good.每一样东西真的都好吃。Did everyone have a good time?大家玩的开心吗？ Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.对，一切都很精彩。（4）习惯用法、搭配1. buy sth. for ab./ buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 2. taste + adj. 尝起来……3. nothing ….but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来 5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到达某地6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事 11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事12. look + adj 看起来 13. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. Why not do sth. 为什么不做…….呢？ 15. so + adj + that + 从句 如此……以至于……16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要） 做某事 17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事词汇精讲1. anywhere anywhere是副词，意为“在任何地方”，常用在否定句或疑问句中，而在肯定句中，则多用somewhere。例如： He can’t find his English book anywhere. 他到处找不到他的英语书。 I think he must live somewhere. 我觉得他肯定住在某个地方。2. fewquite a few 相当多；不少，修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定意义。I have quite a few friends here. 我在这儿有相当多的朋友。There are quite a few books on the shelf. 书架上有不少书。词汇辨析quite a few，quite a little，few，little(1)quite a few同上。(2)quite a little 相当多；不少，修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意义。 There's quite a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有很多水。(3)few 几乎没有，表示否定意义，修饰可数名词复数。 Few people know him in the city. 在这个城市很少有人认识他。(4)little 几乎没有，表示否定意义，修饰不可数名词。 There's little time left.几乎没有时间了。【练习1】 There' re_________ interesting places in China.A．quite a few B．quite a little C．few D．little【解析】根据places是可数名词复数可知用few短语；再根据句意“在中国有有趣的地方”表示肯定，故选A项。句意为“中国有许多有趣的地方”。【答案】A【练习2】Sorry，I can give only_________ water to you.A．a few　　 B．a little C．few　　　 D．little【解析】首先water是不可数名词，故用little 短语；根据题干中的only可知表示“有点”，故用a little。句意为“很抱歉，我只能给你一点水”。【答案】B相关短语：quite a few = not a few 相当多的 quite a little许多only a little = but a little 相当少 3. most(1) most后可直接跟名词(可数或不可数)，同时，也可接有形容词修饰的名词。例如：Most boys like playing football. 大部分男孩都喜欢踢足球。(2) most前有定冠词时，可用来修饰多音节形容词，表示最高级，意为“最”。但是，如果most前有不定冠词a，则表示“非常；很”，相当于very。例如：　　This is the most beautiful flower. 这是最漂亮的花。　　She is a most beautiful girl. 她是个非常漂亮的姑娘。(3) most后不能直接跟有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词所修饰的名词，用most of代替most。 例如：I did most of that difficult work. 那件困难的工作绝大部分都是由我做的。 　　Most of the time we eat fish. 绝大部分时间我们都吃鱼肉。【拓展】(1) almost = very nearly，指在程度上相差很少，almost可与no，none，nothing，never，nobody等表示否定意义的词连用。例如： I almost missed the flight．我差一点误了航班。 Almost no one believed what he said．几乎没人相信他的话。 (2) mostly＝mainly 意为“大部分、主要地”。例如： The students in our class are mostly from the factory. 我们班的学生主要来自这家工厂。 His stories were mostly about his travels in foreign countries． 他的故事大多是关于他在国外旅游的经历4. bored bored也是形容词，意为“感到厌烦的”，一般用来说明人的感受。例如： I’m bored with the book. 我对这本书厌烦了。【拓展】(1) boring是形容词，意为“令人厌烦的”，一般用来说明事物的特征。例如： The story is boring. 这个故事令人厌烦。(2) 英语中，带-ing的形容词，用来形容事物，指某事物的性质、特征，意为“令人……的”“让人……的”，常用事物作主语或作定语修饰物。而带-ed的是用来形容人的，意为“感到……的”“使人……的”，其主语是人，类似的词有： exciting 令人兴奋的 interesting 令人感兴趣的 moving 令人感动的 excited （人）感到兴奋的 interested（人）感兴趣的 moved（人）感动的 tiring 令人厌倦的 tired（人）感到疲倦/累/厌烦的 5. decide v. 决定；选定，后跟动词不定式或从句作宾语。He decided that he would start out at 6：00 that morning. 他决定那天早晨六点出发。知识延伸decide on选定；决定，后常跟名词、代词、动词­ing形式作宾语。She decided on the city. 她选定了那座城市。decision 决定，decide的名词形式，可构成make a decision决定；下决心，相当于decide。She decided/made a decision to get good grades. 她决定取得好成绩。【练习1】Mary decided_________pop music the next day.A．to listen　　 B．listen to C．to listen to　　 D．listening to【解析】decide后接动词不定式，排除B、D两项；listen是不及物动词，后接宾语时要先加介词to，故选C项。句意为“玛丽决定明天去听流行音乐”。 【答案】C【练习2】 Bill thought about a few countries for vacation and at last he decided _________ Japan.A．at　　　　 B．for　　　 C．on　　　　 D．of【解析】句意为“比尔考虑了好几个国家去度假，最后选定在日本”。decide on 意为“选定；决定”。 【答案】C6. enough (1) enough作形容词，意为“充足的，充分的，足够的”，可作表语或定语，作定语时，可放在名词的前面或后面。例如： The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。 I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。 (2) enough还可作副词，意为“足够地”，这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如： The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag. 那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。【拓展】 (1) enough…to do sth. “有足够的……做某事”。例如： I don’t have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。 (2) …enough to do…可以同too…to…或so…that…结构互相转换。例如： He isn’t old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school. = He is so young that he can’t go to school. 他太小而不能上学。7. seem seem是系动词，意为“好像，似乎，看来”，后常接形容词。例如： He seems very angry. 他好像非常生气。【拓展】 seem的用法归纳： (1) seem + 名词 例如： He seems a nice man. 他看起来是个好人。 (2) seem like…意为“好像，似乎……”。 例如： It seemed like not a bad idea at that time. 那时这主意好像不错。 (3) seem to do sth. 意为“似乎、看来、好像做某事”。例如： I seem to have left my book at home. 我好像把书忘在家里了。 (4) It seems that…或It seemed that…意为“看起来好像……，似乎……”。例如： It seemed that he was very happy. 他看上去好像很高兴。 (5) seem to be + 形容词或名词 例如： She seems to be happy. 她看起来很高兴。8. try try to do sth. 意为“设法去做某事，尽量去做某事”，其否定形式为try not to do sth.。例如： Try not to be late again. 尽量别再迟到了。 Try to get here in two hours.　尽量在两小时之内到达。【拓展】(1) try doing sth. 意为“试着做某事”，强调尝试做某事。例如： You should try eating more vegetables. 你应当试着多吃点蔬菜。(2) try one’s best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。例如：We should try our best to finish the work on time. 我们应该尽最大努力准时完成这项工作。(3) try 构成的短语： try sth. on 试穿 try out sth. 试验、检验 have a try 试一试 try for sth. 试图获得某物 try one’s best 尽某人最大努力9.building n．建筑物；房子，是可数名词。What's your favorite building? 你最喜欢什么建筑物？知识延伸：build v. 建造We want to build a hotel near the beach. 我们想在海边建一个宾馆。build n．身材My mother is of medium build. 我妈妈中等体型。builder n. 建设者The builders finished the house two days ago. 建筑工人们两天前盖好了房子。【练习】The _________are busy _________the tall_________.A．builder；build；building　 B．buildings；build；builder[C．builders；building；buildings D．build；building；builders【解析】根据be busy后接doing sth.可知中间的空处用building，排除A、B两项；句意为“这些建造者正在忙着建造高楼”，故排除D项。【答案】C10.difference n．差别；差异常构成短语：make a difference 有影响；起作用the difference(s) between...and...，意为“……和……两者间的不同点”。Eating a lot of vegetables can make a difference. 吃大量蔬菜会有帮助的。There are many differences between Mary and Joan. 玛丽和琼两人有许多不同点。知识延伸：different adj. 不同的differently adv.不同地【练习1】There is no _________ between the twins.A．difference　　　 B．different　　 C．differently D．differences【解析】there be句型后面是主语，故用名词形式，排除B、C两项；根据is可知名词用单数形式。故选A项。【答案】A【练习2】_________ideas can make_________.A．Difference；difference　　 B．Different；a differenceC．Differently；different　　 D．Difference；differently【解析】ideas是名词，故用形容词修饰；而make a difference是常用短语。故选B项。【答案】B11.wait v. & n．等待；等候1.作动词时，用法如下：（1）wait to do sth.等着去做某事They are waiting to have dinner. 他们正等着吃晚饭。（2）wait后接表示所等的人、物时，应与介词for连用。They are waiting for a bus. 他们正在等公共汽车。（3）wait for sb./sth.to do sth.等某人(物)进行某种动作We are waiting for Jim to come. 我们正等着吉姆的到来。（4）can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事Children can't wait to open the presents. 孩子们迫不及待地打开礼物。2.wait n．等待；等候I don't like this long wait. 我不喜欢这种长时间的等待。【练习1】Are you_________ a bus?A．wait　　　　 B．waiting　　　C．wait for　　　 D．waiting for【解析】由句首的are可知，后面的动词用现在分词形式；a bus作宾语，故wait后接介词for。【答案】D【练习2】He doesn't like that long_________，but he has to _________ the teacher to finish class.A．wait；wait　　　 B．wait for；wait C．wait；wait for　　 D．wait for；wait for【解析】long后接名词，故用wait；the teacher 是名词，表示“等待老师”用wait for the teacher，故选C项。【答案】C12.because of 因为，后接名词、代词、名词性短语。Because of his illness，he can't go to school today.因为他的疾病，今天他不能去上学。词汇辨析：because of和becausebecause of表示原因，后接名词、代词、名词性短语。because表示原因，其后跟从句。We didn't get there because of the heavy rain.＝We didn't get there because it rained heavily.由于大雨，我们没有及时到达。【练习】_________the English teacher's help，Li Ming passed the English exam in the end.A．Because　　 B．Because ofC．In front of　　 D．Sorry for【解析】根据空后是一名词短语，排除接从句的A项；C项意为“在……前面”，表示位置；D项意为“为……而抱歉”；根据后半句句意“李明最后通过了英语考试”可知“由于英语老师的帮助”。故B项符合句意。【答案】B13.below prep.& adv. 在……下面；到……下面As they were climbing the hills，they saw a boy below.当他们正往山上爬时，看见下面有一个男孩。词汇辨析：below和 underbelow 指位置低于某物或在某物的下方，但不一定在某物的正下方，反义词是above。Write your name below the line. 在线下面写下你的名字。under 指在正下方，反义词是over。What's under the bridge？桥底下是什么？【练习】We are _________ the moon.A．under　　　 B．below　　C．over　　　 D．above【解析】我们不可能在月亮上面，故排除C、D两项；under表示在正下方，故排除A项。句意为“我们在月亮下面”。【答案】B14.enough adj.足够的；充足的；充分的可以作定语放在可数或不可数名词前面，也可作表语放在系动词后面。Don't worry. We have enough food to eat. 不要担心，我们有足够的食物可吃。Two pairs of socks are enough.两双短袜足够了。知识延伸：(1)enough adv.，意为“足够地；充足地”，修饰形容词、副词或动词时，要放在被修饰词的后面。...enough (for sb.) to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事足够……”。Did you sleep enoughlast night? 昨晚你睡够了吗？The story is easy enough for little kids to read. 这个故事很容易，连小孩都能读懂。(2)enough n．足够We have enough to do this weekend. 我们这个周末有足够的事情可做。【练习】You are_________ now，Bill. So you should wash your clothes by yourself.A．young enough　　 B．enough oldC．old enough　　　 D．enough young【解析】根据后句“所以你应该自己洗衣服”可知“你现在够大了”。故排除A、D两项；old是形容词，enough修饰它要放在old后面。排除B项。【答案】C 15.dislike v．不喜爱；厌恶，其反义词是like。后面可跟名词、动词­ing形式、动词不定式作宾语。—Do you dislike Hero?你不喜欢《英雄》吗？—No，I like it.不，我喜欢。dislike doing sth.表示通常不喜欢做某事。dislike to do sth.表示不喜欢做某件具体的事或一次性的活动。I like exercising every day，but today I dislike to exercise.我喜欢每天做运动，但是今天我不愿做了。dislike n．不喜爱的事物；厌恶的事物，反义词是like。常用作复数形式。What are your likes and dislikes? 你的好恶是什么？【练习1】My little brother likes_________books very much. A．read　 B．watching　 C．looking　 D．reading【解析】“看书”的“看”用read；like后接动词­ing形式，表示习惯性或爱好。【答案】D【练习2】They often talk about their_________. A．like and dislike　　 B．likes and dislike　　 C．likes and dislikes　 D．like and dislikes【解析】浏览各选项及题干可知句意为“他们经常谈论他们的喜恶”。like和dislike作名词时，常用作复数形式。 【答案】C词汇精练I. 英汉互译。1. 任何有趣的地方________________________ 2. quite a few ________________________3. 感到厌烦________________________ 4. decide to do sth. ________________________5. 足够大________________________6. 尝试做某事________________________7. buy sth. for sb. ________________________8. 看起来漂亮________________________9. too many books________________________10. because of________________________II. 根据汉语或首字母提示，完成下列单词。1. I think Huangguoshu Waterfall is very w________________.2. There are quite a f________________ apple trees there.3. There is s________________ wrong with my computer.4. Mr. Black ________________(好像) to be quite happy. 5. His talk made us feel b________________, so we wanted to go home.6. The girl d________________ to be a singer when she grew up.7. The cat ran after the rat and t________________ to catch it. 8. Do you know the ________________(不同点) between the two books?9. My mother is w________________ for me at the bus stop.10. After the long walk, they were ________________(饥饿的) and thirsty.III. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. On my next day off, I don’t want __________(go) for a drive.2. What __________ you __________(see) when you were in Chicago?3. The little boy __________(study) hard every day.4. They __________(not watch) TV last night.5. — Where __________(be) you yesterday. — I __________(be) at home.6. Tom __________(come) here last week.7. We decided __________(go) abroad on vacation.8. I think you should try __________(eat) more vegetables. IV. 用适当的复合不定代词填空。（答案不唯一）1. There’s ______ in this bag, it’s empty. 2. There is ______ waiting outside to see you. She didn’t tell me her name. 3. I didn’t invite all of them, but ______ has come. 4. There isn’t ______ watching TV at the moment. 5. — Shall I make you ______ to eat?— Yes, please. I’m really hungry. 6. It’s a secret. ______ knows about it. 7. Will you ask ______ to carry this bag for me, please? 8.— Is there ______ wrong with you bike?— No, ______ is wrong. 参考答案I. 英汉互译。1. anywhere interesting 2. 相当多，不少 3. feel bored 4. 决定做某事 5. big enough6. try doing sth. 7. 为某人买某物 8. look beautiful 9. 太多的书 10. 因为II. 根据汉语或首字母提示，完成下列单词。1. wonderful 2. few 3. something 4. seems 5. bored 6. decided 7. tried8. differences 9. waiting 10. hungryIII. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. to go 2. did; see 3. studies 4. didn’t watch 5. were; was 6. came7. to go 8. eatingIV. 用适当的复合不定代词填空。（答案不唯一）1. nothing 2. someone / somebody 3. everybody / everyone 4. anybody / anyone 5. something 6. Nobody / No one 7. somebody / someone 8. anything, nothing句式精讲1. Did you do anything special last month? 本句是一个一般过去时的一般疑问句，其中的anything special意为“任何特别的事”，special是形容词，修饰anything。形容词修饰不定代词时要后置。例如：Can you tell something interesting? 你能讲些有趣的事情吗？Is there anybody important here? 这儿有大人物吗？Would you like something to eat? 要来些吃的东西吗？【拓展】复合不定代词的用法： (1) 复合不定代词是由some-，any-，no-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing等所组成的不定代词。复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等十二个。这些复合代词具有名词性质，在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。(2)复合不定代词通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当句子的主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Is everyone here today? 今天，大家都到齐了吗？Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。(3) 由some-和any-所构成的复合不定代词（即something和anything；someone和anyone；somebody和anybody）之间的区别跟some和any的区别一样。1) something，someone，somebody通常用于肯定句中，而anything，anyone，anybody一般用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中。例如：He found something strange but interesting.他发现了一些奇怪但却有趣的事情。Do you have anything to say ？你有话要说吗？I didn’t meet anybody  on the island. 在岛上，我没遇见任何人。2) 在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句，和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句，以及表示反问的问句中，也用something，someone，somebody等复合不定代词。例如：Would you like something to eat？要些吃的东西吗？Isn’t there something wrong with you? 难道你没问题吗？3) 当anything表示“任何事（物），无论何事（物）”，anyone，anybody表示“无论谁，任何人”等意义时，它们也可以用于肯定句中。例如：Anything is OK. 什么都行。Anybody knows the answer.任何人都知道答案。口诀： 不定代词美名扬，修饰成分后边藏；单数动词作谓语，何时何地都一样。2. Yes, I bought something for my father. 本句中用了buy sth. for sb.的句型。buy sth. for sb.意为“给某人买某物”，也可用buy sb. sth，即buy后跟双宾语，sb. 指人是间接宾语，sth.指物是直接宾语。例如： He bought me a present. = He bought a present for me. 他给我买了一份礼物。【拓展】 英语中带双宾语的动词，如果把直接宾语置于间接宾语之前，必须加上to或for。常见的此种用法的动词分两类： (1) 动词buy; draw; make等可跟双宾语，当直接宾语前置时，必须在间接宾语前加for，即： buy/draw/make sth. for sb. 例如： Mother made a pair of trousers for her son. 母亲为儿子做了一条裤子。 (2) 动词give; pass; lend; write; show; send; hand和bring接双宾语，当直接宾语前置时，需在间接宾语前加to构成。即：give/ pass/ lend… sth. to sb. 例如： I’ll send it to you. 我会把它送给你的。 【注意】上述能接双宾语的动词，一般情况下两种形式可以互换，即vt. + sb. + sth. = vt. + sth. for(to) sb.。但当直接宾语是代词时，不论间接宾语是何种词性，只能用vt. + sth.(代词) + for(to) sb. 3. Everything tasted really good!本句中的taste在此是系动词，意为“尝起来”，后面接形容词作表语。例如： The food tastes good. 食物尝起来很香。【拓展】　　(1) look，sound，smell，taste，feel这五个动词都与人的感觉有关，可称之为“感官”动词。这五个动词均可作系动词，后面接形容词作表语，说明主语所处的状态。其意思分别为“看/听/闻/尝/摸起来……”。除look之外，其它几个动词的主语往往是物，而不是人。例如：The old man looks very happy. 那个老人看起来很幸福。These flowers smell very sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。The tomatoes feel very soft. 这些西红柿摸起来很软。(2) look，sound，smell，taste，feel这些动词后面也可接介词like短语，like后面常用名词。Her idea sounds like fun. 她的主意听起来很有趣。4. …because there were too many people. too many在句中作形容词，意为“许多，大量”，后接可数名词。例如： There are too many books in the room. You can choose any one to read. 房间里有太多的书了，你可以选择任何一本来读。【拓展】too much / too many / much too的辨析：例如：Don’t eat too much sweet. It’s bad for your teeth. 不要吃太多的糖，对牙齿不好。It’s much too cold outside. You should put on your coat. 外面太冷了，你应该穿上外套。 I had too much. I’m full now. 我吃的太多了，现在饱了。You ask too many questions. 你问得太多了。5. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.本句中的because of 是复合介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词、what 从句等。例如：He lost his job because of his age. 由于年龄关系他失去了工作。He knew she was crying because of what he had said. 他知道她哭是因为他说的话。 【拓展】because和because of的辨析：(1) because of和because是同义词，都可以表示原因，但是，because后面接句子，常用来回答why的提问，一般放于主句之后，也可以单独存在；而because of的后面用名词、代词或者动名词短语形式。例如： I stayed at home because it rained. 因为下雨我待在家里。 Because Lingling was ill, she didn’t come to school. 玲玲因病没有上学。 — Why is she absent? 她为什么缺席? — Because she is sick. 因为她病了。 We couldn’t have the sports meeting last Sunday because of the rain. 我们上个星期天没能召开运动会是因为下雨了。 Still no one seemed to be bored.仍然没人看上去无聊。本句主要是seem的用法，seem v. 好像；似乎；看来，常见的用法如下：(1)seem＋adj./n.似乎是…… Lucy seems quite happy.露西似乎很高兴。 It seems a good idea.似乎是一个好主意。(2)seem＋to do sth.好像…… Group 2 seemed to win the match. 二组好像赢了比赛。(3)It seems that...好像……，可以与seem to do sth.互相转换。 His temperature seems to be all right.＝It seems that his temperature is all right. 他的体温好像很正常。 bored adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的 通常用来形容人。 I feel bored to read this kind of book. 我读这种书感到无聊。知识延伸： boring 也是形容词，意为“无聊的；令人厌烦的”，通常用来形容物。 This kind of book is so boring.这类书如此无聊。【练习1 】 The old man_________ to have known the good news. A．needs　　　 B．wants C．seems　　　 D．sounds【解析】A项意为“需要”；B项意为“想要”；C项意为“好像”；D项意为“听起来”。根据句意“这位老人好像知道了这个好消息。”可知应该选C项。【答案】C【练习2 】He is so_________ to see the_________ book.A．bored；bored　　 B．boring；bored　C．bored；boring　　 D．boring；boring【解析】第一空是形容人，用bored，第二空修饰物，用boring，故选C项。【答案】C6.I felt like I was a bird.我感觉像是一只鸟。本句是复合句，I was a bird是省略了that引导的宾语从句。feel like 给……的感觉；感受到，后可接名词、代词或从句。We feel like robots. 我们感觉像是机器人。知识延伸：feel like doing sth.＝would like to do sth.= want to do sth 希望做某事；想做某事I feel like going to bed.＝I want to go to bed.＝I would like to go to bed.我想上床睡觉。【练习1 】 I feel like _________with you at the same class.A．stay　　 B．to stay　　 C．staying　　 D．stayed【解析】feel like后接动词­ing形式。【答案】C【练习2 】—Would you like _________shopping with me?—Sorry，I feel like_________ this book.A．to go；read　　 B．to go；reading C．going；to read　　 D．going；reading【解析】would like后接 to do sth.；feel like后接doing sth.，二者一结合，B项正确。【答案】B7.I wonder what life was like here in the past.我很想知道过去这儿的生活是什么样的。本句是复合句，what life was like here in the past作了I wonder的宾语。其中wonder的用法如下：wonder v. 想知道；琢磨(1)wonder后接wh­或how从句时，表示“想知道”，相当于want to know。 I wonder who the boy is. 我想知道这个男孩是谁。(2)I wonder if...为固定句式，是寻求帮助或请求准许的客套语，相当于May I．..? 肯定回答常有： Sure，go ahead.好的，请吧。 Of course/Sure. 当然可以。 否定回答常用： I'm sorry，but...对不起…… I'm afraid not.恐怕不行吧。 You'd better not.最好不。 —I wonder if I can read his new poem. 我想知道是否可以读一下他的那首新诗。 —Of course.当然可以了。　　(3)wonder n. 奇迹　 What are the seven wonders in the world? 世界上的七大奇迹是什么？(4)wonderful adj.精彩的；绝妙的 We had a wonderful time in the park last Sunday. 上周日我们在公园里玩得很快乐。【练习1】 We all_________ how he made such great progress in a short time. A．believed　　 B．thought　 C．decided　　 D．wondered【解析】A项意为“认为；相信”；B项意为“认为”；C项意为“决定”；D项意为“想知道”。根据“他如何在那么短的时间里取得如此大的成绩”可知“我们都想知道”。【答案】D【练习2】—I wonder_________I could use your mobile phone.—Sure. A．that　　　 B．why　　　 C．if　　　 D．what【解析】根据答语“当然可以”可知上句用I wonder if，是寻求帮助或请求准许的客套语。【答案】C【练习3】The Great Wall is one of the greatest_________in the world，and it's very_________. A．wonder；wonderful　　 B．wonderful；wonder C．wonders；wonderful　　 D．wonderful；wonders【解析】one of...后接名词复数形式；very后接形容词或副词；浏览各选项，C项符合语法。句意为“长城是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一，它很壮观”。【答案】C 8.What a difference a day makes！一天的差别有多大！本句是感叹句，由what引导，结构为：what+名词（词组）+主语+谓语！此句式所强调的成分是what后面的名词。What fun today is！今天多开心啊！What a pity!多么可惜啊！【练习】_________ good news they told us yesterday! A. How a B. How C. What D. What a 【解析】本题考查的是感叹句 根据下文good news，中心词是news，不可数名词，可知选 C。 考点：感叹句 点评：当how修饰动词时，动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。 what与how引导的感叹句， 一般情况下可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。 【答案】C9. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 因为人太多，所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。(1)本句是复合句。because引导的是原因状语从句。 （2）短语辨析：much too too much too many many too too much的含义是“太多”，充当形容词用时，too是副词，用来修饰much，后接不可数名词。 I have too much work to do.我有太多的活要干。 too much充当副词用时，可用来修饰动词。 Watching TV too much is bad for your health.看电视太多对你的健康有害。 too much充当代词用时，后面不接名词，代替上下文提到的事物。 You gave me too much.你给我的太多了。much too意为“太”，much(副词)用来修饰too，以加强语气，只可起副词作用，在句中修饰形容词或副词。It’s much too expensive.太贵了。 You walk(much)too far yesterday.　昨天你散步走得太远了。 too many的中心词是many，用法与many相同，用来修饰复数可数名词。例如： They bought too many eggs yesterday．昨天他们买了太多的鸡蛋。 一般没有many too这种用法。【练习】These shoes are_________ big for me. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too【解析】much too意为“太”，much(副词)用来修饰too，以加强语气，只可起副词作用，在句中修饰形容词或副词。big是形容词，故选C【答案】C10.We took quite a few photos there.我们在那里拍了不少照片 take photos意为“照相；拍照”。 We take photos on the Great Wall.我们在长城上照了相。 辨析：quite a few与quite a little quite a few意为“相当多的;不少”，修饰可数名词复数，a few 意为“一些，若干（=some）”，后跟可数名词复数形式。 He will stay here for quite a few days. quite a little意为“相当多的;不少”，修饰不可数名词。 There is quite a little water in the bottle(瓶子).【练习】There are_________ birds in the forest. A. quite a few B. quite a little C. a little D. much【解析】bird是可数名词，且在题中是复数形式，那么就需要从中选出可以修饰可数名词复数的选项。B,C,D三个选项都只能修饰不可数名词，故答案选A【答案】A句式精练I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）。1. 那听起来很无趣。That sounds very __________.2. 此后，他们就没有买其他的东西了。 After that, they didn’t buy __________ __________.3. 王小姐喜欢在公园里照相。 Miss Wang likes __________ __________ in the park.4. 把你的照片给我看看好吗? Can you __________ me your photographs? 5. 这是一本有趣的书，你想读吗？ This is an __________ book, do you want to read it?6. 因为下雨，我们没有去看电影。 We didn’t go to the movies __________ __________ the rain.7. 我想给妈妈买一件外套。 I want __________ __________ a coat __________ my mother.8. 箱子太重了，我搬不动。The box is __________ __________ heavy, so I can’t carry it.II. 句型转换，每空一词。1. It rained a lot that day. (改为一般疑问句)__________it __________ a lot that day?2. There were some actors at the aquarium. (改为一般疑问句)__________ there __________ actors at the aquarium?3. My day off was very boring. (就划线部分提问)__________ __________ your day off?4. My brother made me a kite yesterday. (同义句转换) My brother __________ a kite __________ me yesterday.5. He isn’t old enough to go to school. (同义句转换) He is __________ young __________ he can’t go to school.III. 阅读填词。 On May Day, the students in our class h________(1) a great time on the school trip. We went to the zoo that day. F________(2) we watched a m________(3) about pandas. Next we v________(4) the pandas and took a lot of p________(5). They were really shy a________(6) lovely. After lunch, we went to a gift shop where we b________(7) lots of gifts. Finally, tired but happy, we t________(8) the bus back to school. At the e________(9) of the day, our teacher was very happy, because we c________(10) the bus after this trip. 重点语法讲解 反身代词(1)反身代词的构成◆一、二人称的反身代词构成:形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成◆ 第三人称的反身代词构成:第三人称宾格+self/selves(2)反身代词的常见搭配：enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time玩得高兴teach oneself=learn …by oneself 自学 by oneself =alone 独自 help oneself to 随便吃 introduce oneself to 自我介绍(3)反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。【练习1 】—I’ll have a tennis game tomorrow. I’m a little bit nervous. —Believe in_________. You’re the best in our club. A. herself B. myself C. yourself D. Himself 【解析】由题意知，相信自己，所以用反身代词，而且是第二人称，故选C 【答案】C【练习2 】 ------ Jim, please help_________ to some bread . ------ Thank you. A. himself . B. yourself . C. herself D. myself. 【解析】题意为“请随便吃一下面包”help oneself to 随便吃,故选B 【答案】BUnit1语法专项---复合不定代词、一般过去时复合不定代词概念：是由some-，any-， every-，no-加上-one，-body， -thing等所组成的不定代词。包括:这些复合不定代词具有名词性质，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，但不能作定语。用法：（1）指代对象不同：含-one和-body的复合不定代词只用来指人，在意义上完全相同，可以互换。有人在哭。 _____________ is crying.含-thing 的复合不定代词只用来指事物。你要去买东西吗? Are you going to buy__________?复合不定代词的数：复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，当它们充当句子的主语时。其后的谓语动词用单数形式。今天大家都到了吗? _____ everyone here today?世上无难事，只怕有心人。 Nothing _______ difficult if you put your heart into it.(3)复合不定代词的定语必须后置，即放在复合不定代词的后面。你能讲些有趣的事情吗? Can you tell______________________？辨析：含some-和any-的复合不定代词的用法区别：1).something， someone， somebody通常用于肯定句中。2). anything， anyone， anybody一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。3).在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句以及表示反问的问句中，也可用 something， someone， somebody等复合不定代词。4).当 anything表示“任何事(物)，无论任何事(物)”, anyone， anybody表示“无论谁，任何人”等意义时，它们也可以用于肯定句中。什么都行。 Anything is OK.拓展：辨析：somewhere,anywhere,everyehere,nowheresomewhere意为某处、在某处，强调在一个地方。用于肯定句。anywhere意为在什么地方、任何地方，用于否定句、疑问句、条件从句中。在肯定句中表示“随便什么地方”。everywhere意为到处，处处，强调多个地方，用于肯定句。nowhere意为不在任何地方;任何地方都不，和 anywhere是反义词，意思相反。我到处找我的狗，但是哪里都没找到，我认为它肯定在这个村子的某个地方。I looked for my pet dog___________, but I couldn’t find it __________.I think it must be __________ in the village.拓展：单元易错易混重点1.不定代词few/a few/little/a little表格记忆：1).He has _________friends here, and he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。2).There are__________ eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。3).There is__________ ink in my bottle, can you give me __________ink?我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗?2.辨析because， because ofbecause 是连词，意为“因为:由于”，引导原因状语从句because of 是介词短语，意为“因为;由于”，后跟名词/代词/动名词She doesn’t go to school __________________she is ill.She doesn’t go to school ___________________ her illness .综合练习：1. _______is waiting for you at the gate. She's got a letter for you.A .Nobody B .Anybody C. Somebod D .Everybody2.There’s_________in the meeting room. Shall we have a talk there?A. somebody B. anybody C.nobody D. everybody3.I looked for my keys______,but I couldn’t find them.A anywhere; somewhere B everywhere; somewhereC everywhere: anywhere D somewhere; anywhere4.--- What did Mr. Smith do before he came to China?---He_______in a car factory.A works B worked C is working D will work5.The singer________in London in 2010.A lives B lived C is living D will live6.---Who_______to clean the classroom yesterday?---Li Ming.A helps B helped C is helping D will help7.---Would you like_______milk in your coffee?---Yes, just_______.A any, a few B some, a little C any, a little D some, a few8.---I’d like______grapes and pears.---Oh, I only need______orange juice.A some: a few B a few: a little C a little: a few D a little: few9.I’d like to go_______on vacation.A somewhere relaxed B anywhere relaxed C somewhere relaxing D relaxing anywhere10.---Do you care about your parents?---Yes, of course. ______in my life is more important than them.A Something B Nothing C Anything D Everything11.Old Tom is unhappy because_______has visited him since he moved to town.A everybody B somebody C anybody D nobody12.The foreign children_____the Forbidden City last Sunday.A visit B visits C visited D visiting13.Though the exam was difficult，_________students passed it.A .little B. a little C. few D. a few14.I need_______bananas to make fruit salad. Could you please buy some?A. few B.a few C. little D. a little15.---What did your sister do last weekend?---She________a film with her friends.A see B sees C saw D has seen16.I agree with most of what you said， but I don’t agree to_______.A everything B something C anything D nothing17.---Are you going out now，Lucy?---No, I'm hungry. I'll get______to eat before I go out.A something B anything C nothing D everything参考答案：C 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.B 11.D 12.C13.D 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.A适用学科初中英语适用年级八年级适用区域人教版区域课时时长（分钟）120知识点1.反身代词；2.形容词的位置；3.形容词的用法4.地点副词；5.一般过去时；6.系动词；7.What引导的感叹句学习目标1) 掌握以下单词：anyone, everyone, myself, yourself 2) 掌握以下句型：① —Where did you go on vacation? —I went to the mountains. ② —Where did Tina to on vacation? —She went to the beach. ③ —Did you go with anyone? —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 3) 掌握以下语法： —复合不定代词someone, anyone, something, anything等的用法。 —反身代词myself，yourself等的用法 —一般过去时态的特殊疑问句，一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答。学习重点1、重点词汇和词组的用法2、反身代词的用法学习难点1) 复合不定代词someone, anyone, something, anything等的用法。2) 一般过去时规则动词和不规则动词。词语词形特点too much形容词短语后跟不可数名词，也可作代词短语too many形容词短语后跟可数名词的复数，也可作代词短语much too副词短语后跟形容词或副词单数myselfyourself复数ourselvesyourselves单数：himselfherselfitself复数： themselves-one-body-thingsome-someone somebodysomethingany-anyoneanybody anything every-everyone everybody everythingno-no onenobodynothing可数名词不可数名词肯定（有）a fewa little否定（没有）fewlittle