2021-2022学年福建省厦门第一中学高三上学期12月考试英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2021-2022学年福建省厦门第一中学高三上学期12月考试英语试题（含解析），共26页。试卷主要包含了5分, 满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

高三年 英语试卷
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍
1. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a flwer shp. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket.
2. What des the man want t buy?
A. An ice cream. B. A watermeln. C. Sme peaches.
3. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Friends.
4. Hw des the wman feel?
A. Calm. B. Excited. C. Unhappy.
5. Why des the man make the call?
A. His neighbr needs help. B. He has a hearing prblem. C. His telephne is brken.
第二节
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What will the man d?
A. Open the windw. B. Tidy the things up. C. Mp the flr.
7. Hw will the wman deal with the ld things?
A. By dnating them.
B. By putting them in the cabinet.
C. By getting rid f them.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. What des the man say abut newspapers?
A. They’re ut f fashin.
B. Almst n ne reads them nw.
C. They’re useful.
9. Hw ften des the man buy magazines?
A. Once a week. B. Once a mnth. C. Once a quarter.
10. What des the wman like ding?
A. Reading bks in the sunny afternn.
B. Reading magazines in a cafe.
C. Reading bks abut fashin.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. What day is it tday?
A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday.
12. Wh will the man prbably travel with?
A. The wman. B. The wman’s sister. C. The speakers’ friend.
13. Where is the wman’s sister nw?
A. In the hspital. B. At the wman’s hme. C. In her wn wrkplace.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14. Hw did the wman knw abut the apartment?
A. Frm an advertisement. B. Frm the frmer renter. C. Frm a friend.
15. When will the apartment be cleaned?
A. By tmrrw afternn. B. In five days. C. In ten days.
16. What des the man think f the apartment?
A. It isn’t furnished. B. It’s in need f repair. C. It’s quite cnvenient.
17. What may anny the wman?
A. Walking a lng way t buy things.
B. Smething ften ges wrng.
C. Mving huse.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. Hw many parcels are expected t be delivered this year?
A. 30.8 billin. B. 83 billin. C. 95.5 billin.
19. What will be dne t encurage greener packaging?
A. 2,000 bxes recycle statins will be built.
B. All packages will be wrapped nly nce.
C. New energy vehicles will be used t deliver packages.
20. What is n the list?
A. The lcatins f recycle statins.
B. The wrapping prducts.
C. The types f new energy vehicles.
第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The news that all teachers were expected t attend camp with their students left me feeling unsettled. Fr the first time in mre than 20 years, I wuld need t spend three days in the early autumn bush with 120 14-year-lds.
I lve spending time with teenagers. But I teach Grade 12 English and am 51 years ld. There is a difference between a literary seminar n King Lear, n matter hw lively it may be, and late-night party in a campgrund. Besides, my idea f “utdrs” is biking n the Ottawa bike paths r sitting in the backyard with a cup f tea and a gd bk.
Eventually, we turn dwn a lng dirt track that dives deep int a frest. I read the schedule and nte the impressive minute-by-minute detail fr the next 72 hurs. I’ve never faced such a structured(高度组织化的) time since, well, when I went t camp in Grade 9. I think f hme.
The next mrning, I arise early. It is 7 a.m. Time fr the plar bear dip. Everyne asks if I am ging t swim. I respnd with lame excuses and then wander, like a Grade 8 by at the edges f a middle-schl dance. Kids charge in, great plumes(股流) f water rising up arund them as they shut with jy. My clleagues link arms, cunt dwn and run int the water bravely. Tweling ff, the swimmers discuss the water temperature. The regret that I knew I wuld feel starts t kill me. I will nw frever be the guy wh did nt take part in the plar bear dip. I walk slwly up t the dining hall and decide that frm that mment n I will cmmit fully t camp life. My unwillingness t d anything is replaced with a burning desire t d everything.
At 7 a.m. the next mrning, I am the first persn n the beach in my bathing suit. I dive int the water. I scream abut hw gd it feels. Tweling ff afterward, I talk t anyne within earsht abut the temperature f the water.
Later that day, the camp winds dwn. Smething has happened in this camp. T the students, fr sure, but als t me. When the last camper leaves, I give the camp directr a big hug.
1．Hw did the authr feel befre the camp?
A．Angry.B．Disappinted.
C．Anxius.D．Excited.
2．Why des the authr mentin the literary seminar in Paragraph2?
A．T stress its liveliness.B．T explain its tpic.
C．T intrduce his preference.D．T shw its similarity t camping.
3．Why des the authr decide t devte himself t camping?
A．He is fed up with making excuses.
B．He hates t be regret-stricken.
C．He desires t shw ff his swimming skills.
D．He is encuraged t d s by his clleagues.
4．What happened t the authr at the end f the camp?
A．He has used up his energy.
B．He misses hme very much.
C．He turns int a camp directr.
D．He has becme a camp lver.
B
Brn n May 27, 1907 in Springdale, Pennsylvania, Rachel Carsn became an explrer as well as reader, and tk an interest in writing stries. By age 10, she had published her first stry in St. Nichlas. She wuld ften read this magazine, as well as many thers that cncerned the natural wrld. In 1925, she finished at the tp f her class in high schl in a class f 45 students.
Carsn went n t attend the Pennsylvania Cllege fr Wmen, which is knwn as Chatham University nw. This is where she ended up pursuing the sciences, in this case, bilgy. She wuld eventually attend Jhns Hpkins University in 1929, cntinuing her studies in zlgy and genetics.
Carsn cmpleted her Master’s in zlgy in June f 1932, and went t wrk at a lcal radi statin. Here she wuld write educatinal bradcasts fr a weekly radi shw called Rmance Under the Waters. This led her t her jb at the U.S. Bureau f Fisheries, and she became just the secnd wman t be emplyed by the bureau.
In 1951, Carsn had her bk The Sea Arund Us published, which explains the cmplexity f the cean t nn-scientists. Carsn wrte the bk with petry and science, and she intended t spark in her readers a sense f the fragility f the wrld’s ecsystem. The Sew Arund Us made Carsn the vice f public science in America, an internatinally recgnized authrity n the ceans, and established her reputatin as a nature writer f the first rank.
In 1962, Carsn became well-knwn when her mst famus bk Silent Spring was published. This bk described the negative effects f pesticides n the envirnment. Her cncern with pesticides dated back t the 1940s, but n ne wuld take her seriusly until this bk was finally published On April 14th, 1964, Carsn passed away due t a heart attack but her wrk twards preserving the envirnment has cntinued t this day. Silent Spring was even republished in 1994 with an intrductin frm then vice-president Al Gre.
5．What d we knw abut Carsn’s early life?
A．She was a great fan f St. Nichlas.B．She wrked part-time at a radi statin.
C．She pursued the sciences in high schl.D．She mved t Springdale at the age f 10.
6．Accrding t the text, The Sea Arund Us ________.
A．is a science bk fr prfessinals.
B．was published after Carsn passed away.
C．aimed t raise public envirnmental awareness.
D．has made Carsn a fictin writer f internatinal significance.
7．What might be Al Gre’s attitude tward Silent Spring?
A．Critical.B．Ambiguus.C．Skeptical.D．Apprving.
C
Hardware in general, and smartphnes in particular, have becme a huge envirnmental and health prblem in the Glbal Suth’s landfill sites (垃圾填埋场).
Electrnic waste (e-waste) currently takes up 5 percent f all glbal waste, and it is set t increase rapidly as mre f us wn mre than ne smartphne, laptp and pwer bank. They end up in places like Agbgblshie n the utskirts (郊区) f Ghana’s capital, Accra. It is the biggest e-waste dump in the wrld, where 10,000 infrmal wrkers walk thrugh tns f abandned gds as part f an infrmal recycling prcess. They risk their health searching fr the precius metals that are fund in abandned smartphnes.
But Agbgblshie legally shuld nt exist. The Basel Cnventin, a 1989 treaty, aims t prevent develped natins frm unauthrized dumping f e-waste in less develped cuntries. The e-waste industry, hwever, circumvents regulatin by exprting e-waste labelled as “secndhand gds” t pr cuntries like Ghana, knwing full well that it is heading fr a landfill site.
A recent reprt fund Agbgblshie cntained sme f the mst dangerus chemicals. This is nt surprising: smart phnes cntain chemicals like mercury, lead and even arsenic. Reprtedly, ne egg frm a free-range chicken in Agbgblshie cntained a certain chemical which can cause cancer and damage the immune system at a level that’s abut 220 times greater than a limit set by the Eurpean Fd Safety Authrity (EFSA). Mst wrryingly, these pisnus chemicals are free t pllute the brader sil and water system. This shuld cncern us all, since sme f Ghana’s tp exprts are cca and nuts.
Sme gvernments have started t take respnsibility fr their cnsumers’ waste. Fr example Germany has started a prject that includes a sustainable recycling system at Agbgblshie, alng with a health clinic fr wrkers. Hwever, gvernments cannt slve the prblem alne, as there is an almst limitless cnsumer demand fr hardware, especially when gvernments’ green plicies are fcused n issues like climate change.
Only the manufacturers can fix this. A mre ecnmically sustainable and plitically pssible slutin is thrugh encuraging hardware manufacturers t make the repair, reuse and recycling f hardware prfitable, r at least cst-neutral.
8．What can we infer frm Paragraph 2?
A．Electrnic waste requires mre landfill sites.
B．Electrnic waste is t cmplex t get fully recycled.
C．Electrnic prducts need t be imprved immediately.
D．Electrnic waste can be a serius prblem.
9．What des the underlined wrd “circumvents” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Relaxes.B．Ablishes.C．Avids.D．Tightens.
10．What shuld be the biggest cncern accrding t the text?
A．The vilatin f EFSA’s standards.
B．The threat f plluted fd wrldwide.
C．The lack f diversity in Ghana’s exprts.
D．The damage t chicken’s immune system.
11．What des the authr think is the best slutin t the e-waste prblem?
A．Letting gvernments take n the main respnsibility.
B．Reducing custmers’ demands fr electrnic prducts.
C．Gvernments adjusting their green plicies abut e-waste.
D．Manufacturers’ develping a sustainable hardware ecnmy.
D
The new scial rbts, including Jib, Czm, Kuri and Meccan , bear sme resemblance t assistants like Apple’s Siri, but these rbts cme with smething mre. They are designed t win us ver nt with their smarts but with their persnality. They are sld as cmpanins that d mre than talk t us. Time magazine hailed (称赞) the rbts that “culd fundamentally reshape hw we interact with machines.” But is reshaping hw we interact with machines a gd thing, especially fr children?
Sme researchers in favr f the rbts dn’t see a prblem with this. Peple have relatinships with many kinds f things. Sme say rbts are just anther thing with which we can have relatinships. T supprt their argument, rbticists smetimes pint t hw children deal with ty dlls. Children animate (赋予…生命) dlls and turn them int imaginary friends. Jib, in a sense, will be ne mre imaginary friend, and arguably a mre intelligent and fun ne.
Getting attached t dlls and sciable machines is different, thugh. Tday’s rbts tell children that they have emtins, friendships, even dreams t share. In reality, the whle gal f the rbts is emtinal trickery. Fr instance, Czm the rbt needs t be fed, repaired and played with. Bris Sfman, the chief executive f Anki, the cmpany behind Czm, says that the idea is t create “a deeper and deeper emtinal cnnectin ... And if yu neglect him, yu feel the pain f that.” What is the pint f this, exactly? What des it mean t feel the pain f neglecting smething that feels n pain at being neglected, r t feel anger at being neglected by smething that desn’t even knw it is neglecting yu?
This shuld nt be ur nly cncern. It is trubling that these rbts try t empathize with children. Empathy allws us t put urselves in the place f thers, t knw what they are feeling. Rbts, hwever, have n emtins t share, and they cannt put themselves in ur place. N matter what rbtic creatures “say” r squeak, they dn’t understand ur emtinal lives. They present themselves as empathy machines, but they are missing the essential equipment. They have nt been brn, they dn’t knw pain, r death, r fear. Rbt thinking may be thinking, but rbt feeling is never feeling, and rbt lve is never lve.
What is als trubling is that children take rbts’ behavir t indicate feelings. When the rbts interact with them, children take this as evidence that the rbts like them, and when rbts dn’t wrk when needed, children als take it persnally. Their relatinships with the rbts affect their self-esteem (自尊). In ne study, an 8-year-ld by cncluded that the rbt stpped talking t him because the rbt liked his brthers better.
Fr s lng, we dreamed f artificial intelligence ffering us nt nly simple help but cnversatin and care. Nw that ur dream is becming real, it is time t deal with the emtinal dwnside f living with rbts that “feel.”
12．Hw are the new scial rbts different frm Siri?
A．They are intended t teach children hw t talk.
B．They are designed t attract peple with their smarts.
C．Their main functin is t evaluate children’s persnality.
D．They have a new way t cmmunicate with human beings.
13．In Paragraph 3 Czm is used as an example t shw that the scial rbts ______.
A．are deeply cnnected with human beings
B．are unable t build a real relatinship with children
C．are s advanced that they can feel the pain f human beings
D．are nt gd enugh t carry ut the instructins f children
14．The underlined phrase “essential equipment” in Paragraph 4 refers t ______.
A．emtinB．pain
C．fearD．thinking
15．Which f the fllwing shws the develpment f ideas in the passage?
I: Intrductin P: Pint Sp: Sub-pint (次要点) C: Cnclusin
A．B．
C．D．
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Open an app at yur smart phne and scan the cde bar n the garbage can. When yu thrw garbage int the garbage can, it will shw the weight f the garbage and the pints yu can get frm ding s. 16 It will becme mre ppular in the future. Yes, we are talking abut the smart garbage can.
17 The envirnmental prblems have becme cnstant headaches in the develpment f thse cities. Encuraging garbage classificatin has becme an effective way.
In sme cities, a variety f multifunctinal smart garbage cans are being put int use. In Beijing, fr example, a smart garbage can is equipped with an LED screen, which nt nly shws natinal plicies n garbage classificatin but als shws the crrect steps fr garbage srting. It can als calculate the weight f the garbage and the accumulated pints ne can get. They can be traded fr sme articles f daily use. 18 Its bdy is actually a screen. It is equipped with sme Internal sensrs. When peple thrw garbage int it, the internal sensrs can autmatically tell the types f the garbage. Meanwhile, peple can see hw t deal with them. 19
Garbage dispsal is a small issue that invlves everybdy each day. Hwever, it is als a big issue. 20 With smart garbage cans in ur daily life, the idea f garbage srting will becme mre established. Our dream f building a greener and mre beautiful China will cme true s lng as we start t make small changes right nw.
A．Garbage srting has been a new fashin.
B．Anther kind f garbage can is even smarter.
C．It is n wnder that residents cheered fr their presence.
D．Such a way f handling garbage has appeared in sme cities.
E．It will affect China’s transfrmatin twards green develpment.
F．Over 200 millin tns f garbage is prduced each year in sme cities.
G．The gd habit f garbage classificatin can imprve the living envirnment.
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从所给的A、B、C 和 D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My Mmmy Is Brken!
Dear Custmer Service,
I am writing t yu seeking assistance with my Mmmy. I received my Mmmy in 2019 and was 21 pleased with the mdel. The first year, she 22 well. She was attentive. She 23 my needs and rarely caused me any grief. Hwever, ver the last year, I’ve nticed gradual changes in her 24 .
Fr example, she used t jump t 25 me frm my prisn whenever I cried, and we’d retire t her rm until mrning. Nw I receive a 26 yell “G back t sleep!”
I’ve als nticed a (an) 27 delay in my Mmmy’s respnsiveness during daylight hurs. Befre I was abut t cry, she used t have many pssible 28 , including snacks, cuddles, and varius funny faces t make me 29 . Nw she nly sighs and 30 her eyes when I thrw myself n the flr.
Anther cause fr cncern is my Mmmy’s 31 feature, which I find is increasingly abnrmal. She will ask me questins such as, “Are yu ready t wash yur hair?” and I’ll always say, “N,” and still, I 32 a face full f shamp every time. It’s very frustrating. It seems t be mre f a 33 with understanding my negative respnses. I haven’t answered “Yes” abut wanting t change a diaper (尿布) , 34 it cntinues t happen.
As such, I suggest that yu take the time t expand yur 35 and develpment t imprve the Mmmy. I anxiusly await any infrmatin that might address these issues.
Sincerely,
Reese
21．A．equallyB．finallyC．hardlyD．immediately
22．A．remainedB．wrkedC．managedD．rse
23．A．satisfiedB．raisedC．decidedD．discvered
24．A．valueB．shapeC．qualityD．appearance
25．A．cmfrtB．rescueC．teachD．educate
26．A．gentleB．pleasedC．relievedD．strict
27．A．naturalB．traditinalC．increasingD．reducing
28．A．slutinsB．fdC．tysD．crrectins
29．A．annyB．laughC．weepD．agree
30．A．distributesB．putsC．thrwsD．rlls
31．A．machineryB．mvementC．translatinD．face
32．A．end up withB．take charge fC．catch up withD．cme up with
33．A．chanceB．prblemC．missinD．functin
34．A．becauseB．andC．sD．yet
35．A．intentinB．administratinC．researchD．prductin
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mre and mre 36 (ambitin) parents in the wrld are signing their children up fr Chinese classes. Keen fr their children t succeed in life, they see 37 (be) fluent in a secnd r third language as an advantage. In the USA, twice as many primary and middle schl students tk Chinese in 2017, 38 (cmpare) t 2015. In France, the number f students learning Chinese in the same age grup 39 (increase) by 400% between 2007 and 2017. And an estimated 100 millin freigners are nw learning Chinese, up frm 30 millin in 2004.
It is easy t understand 40 Chinese is becming s ppular. Learning Chinese may help peple get mre jb pprtunities. Fr example, there is China’s Belt and Rad Initiative, 41 mtivates many cuntries alng the Silk Rad t cperate mre clsely. It has created thusands f lcal jbs fr peple with 42 knwledge f Chinese. Anther reasn is that studying Chinese prvides access 43 the wnderful Chinese histry and culture. Adam Turner, a schl head teacher in the U.K., cites this as ne appealing aspect f the 44 (recent) added Chinese curse. “Learning Chinese can 45 (brad) the students’ minds t the utside wrld and help them see life frm a new perspective,” he explains.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．你校正在组织英语演讲比赛。请以“The Pwer f Teamwrk”为主题写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1.团队合作的重要意义；
2.如何有效合作。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
The Pwer f Teamwrk
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节：（满分25分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文.
At the end f the class, Mr. Smith annunced ur assignment fr the next Mnday was t talk abut smene we were grateful t instead f a bk reprt. Upn hearing it, I culdn’t help cmplaining t Mareya that I was s nervus abut having t talk in frnt f the whle class.
“ Arizna ,yu’ve been in at least three plays ,” Mareya pinted ut.“ If yu dn’ t get stage fright in frnt f thse big audiences, why are yu bthered by a few kids in ur class ?”
It was true, but in a play yu were part f a grup. I shk my head. Plus, there were s many peple I was grateful t. There was n way I culd pssibly pick just ne. Plus, even if I picked ne I’ d have n idea what t say. Plus, even if I figured ut what t say, I was a millin- percent psitive I’ d mess up if I tried t say it ut lud! I’ d be standing there with everyne staring at me, waiting fr wrds t cme ut f my muth.“ Oh , my gdness !” I pulled my sweatshirt hd ( 兜 帽 ) ver my face, put my hands ver my ears and said,“ I dn’t want t talk abut it !”
But ne thing abut really gd friends wh knew yu really well was that they didn’ t always d exactly what yu asked them t. Mareya culd be pretty pushy talking f being helpful. She scribbled(潦草地写) smething n a piece f paper , lifted my hd, and smiled. She’ d drawn a funny elephant (named Franky) with the wrd BREATHE cming ut f its trunk .
“ This is Franky, the ‘everything is ging t be all right’ elephant ” Mareya giggled. She held the picture up t her ear and asked, “What’ s that yu say, Franky? Yu think my friend Arizna shuld cme ver t my huse this weekend s we can wrk n ur talks tgether?”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1. And that was exactly what happened.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 .On Mnday mrning, hwever, I decided t talk abut Mareya.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1—5 BAABC 6—10 ACCBA 11—15 ACBAA 16—20 CBCCB1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作为老师的作者得知都要和学生一起参加露营的消息从起初的感到不安，到参加露营并喜欢上露营的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The news that all teachers were expected t attend camp with their students left me feeling unsettled.”可知，所有老师都要和学生一起参加露营的消息使我感到不安。所以作者在露营开始之前感到焦虑不安。故选C项。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段“There is a difference between a literary seminar n King Lear, n matter hw lively it may be, and late-night party in a campgrund.”可知，论李尔王的文学讨论会，不管有多热闹，与露营地的深夜晚会是有区别的。所以作者更喜欢的是文学讨论会而不是露营晚会。由此判断出作者为什么在第二段提到文学研讨会目的是介绍他的偏好。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“The regret that I knew I wuld feel starts t kill me. I will nw frever be the guy wh did nt take part in the plar bear dip. I walk slwly up t the dining hall and decide that frm that mment n I will cmmit fully t camp life.”可知，我知道自己会感到后悔，这种后悔开始杀死我。我将永远是那个没有参加北极熊潜水的人。我慢慢地走到餐厅，决定从那一刻起，我将全身心地投入到露营生活中。由此可知，为什么作者决定投身于露营是因为他不喜欢后悔。故选B项。
4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“At 7 a.m. the next mrning, I am the first persn n the beach in my bathing suit. I dive int the water. I scream abut hw gd it feels. ”第二天早上7点，我是第一个穿着泳衣来到海滩上的人。我潜入水中。我尖叫着说那感觉有多好。根据最后一段“When the last camper leaves, I give the camp directr a big hug.”当最后一个露营者离开的时候，我给了营地主任一个大大的拥抱。所以露营结束时，他成了一个露营爱好者。故选D项。
5．A 6．C 7．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位著名的科学家兼作家Rachel Carsn。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“By age 10, she had published her first stry in St. Nichlas. She wuld ften read this magazine, as well as many thers that cncerned the natural wrld.(到了10岁，她在St. Nichlas出版了她的第一篇小说。她经常读这本杂志，以及许多其他有关自然世界的杂志)”可知，Rachel Carsn从小就喜欢看St. Nichlas这本杂志，是其忠实的读者。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“Carsn wrte the bk with petry and science, and she intended t spark in her readers a sense f the fragility f the wrld’ s ecsystem.(Rachel Carsn用诗歌和科学来写这本书，她想激发读者对世界生态系统脆弱性的认识)”可知，Rachel Carsn写这本书目的是提高人们对环保的意识。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Silent Spring was even republished in 1994 with an intrductin frm then vice-president Al Gre.(《寂静的春天》在1994年再版时，甚至是由时任副总统Al Gre写的介绍)”可推知，副总统Al Gre对《寂静的春天》这本书的态度是非常认可和支持的。那么D项Apprving(赞同的)满足题意。故选D。
8．D 9．C 10．B 11．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电子垃圾对环境和人类健康造成的威胁及可实行的解决办法。
8．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Electrnic waste (e-waste) currently takes up 5 percent f all glbal waste, and it is set t increase rapidly as mre f us wn mre than ne smartphne, laptp and pwer bank.”（电子垃圾目前占全球垃圾总量的5%，而且随着越来越多的人拥有不止一部智能手机、笔记本电脑和移动电源，电子垃圾的数量将迅速增加。）和“They risk their health searching fr the precius metals that are fund in abandned smartphnes.”（他们冒着健康风险寻找废弃智能手机中的贵金属。）可知，电子垃圾目前占全球垃圾总量的5%，并且数量还在迅速增加，并且寻找电子垃圾中的贵金属对人的健康是有害的，由此可知，我们可以从第2段中推断出电子垃圾可能是一个严重的问题。故选D项。
9．词义猜测题。根据画线单词上句“The Basel Cnventin, a 1989 treaty, aims t prevent develped natins frm unauthrized dumping f e-waste in less develped cuntries.”（1989年的《巴塞尔公约》旨在防止发达国家未经许可在欠发达国家擅自倾倒电子垃圾。）可知，《巴塞尔公约》规定发达国家未经许可不可以向欠发达国家擅自倾倒电子垃圾，再结合画线单词所在句中“by exprting e-waste labelled as “secndhand gds” t pr cuntries like Ghana, knwing full well that it is heading fr a landfill site”(通过将标有“二手货”标签的电子垃圾出口到加纳等贫穷国家，他们深知这些垃圾将被运往垃圾填埋场)可知，发达国家通过将电子垃圾标上“二手货”标签出口到贫穷国家，它们用这种方式规避了《巴塞尔公约》的规章制度，“Avids”意为“避开，回避”，能够代替画线单词在句中的意思。故选C项。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“Mst wrryingly, these pisnus chemicals are free t pllute the brader sil and water system. This shuld cncern us all, since sme f Ghana’s tp exprts are cca and nuts.”（最令人担忧的是，这些有毒化学物质可以自由污染更广泛的土壤和水系统。这应该引起我们所有人的关注，因为加纳的一些主要出口产品是可可和坚果。）可知，最令人担忧的是，有毒化学物质可以污染更广泛的土壤和水系统，进而污染食物，而加纳主要向全世界出口的产品是可可和坚果等食品，由此可知，根据文章内容，最令人担忧的是全世界受到被污染的食品的威胁。故选B项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Only the manufacturers can fix this. A mre ecnmically sustainable and plitically pssible slutin is thrugh encuraging hardware manufacturers t make the repair, reuse and recycling f hardware prfitable, r at least cst-neutral.”（只有制造商才能解决这个问题。一个更具经济可持续性和政治可行性的解决方案是鼓励硬件制造商使硬件的维修、再利用和回收有利可图，或者至少是成本中性。）可知，作者认为最好的解决办法是通过鼓励硬件制造商维修、再利用和回收硬件产品，发展可持续性的硬件经济，这是更具经济可持续性和政治可行性的解决方案，由此可知，作者认为电子垃圾问题的最佳解决方案是制造商发展可持续硬件经济。故选D项。
12．D 13．B 14．A 15．B
【分析】这是一篇议论文。新的社交机器人与以往机器人不同，他们不仅比我们聪明还有他们的个性。时代周刊称它彻底改变了我们与机器互动的方式。但是对这种改变有的科学家赞同而有很多人也很担忧。
12．推理判断题。由第一段中的第一句话可知，新的社交机器人与像苹果的Siri这样的助理有相同之处，但比它们有更多功能。再由第一段中的Time magazine hailed (称赞) the rbts that “culd fundamentally reshape hw we interact with machines.可知，社交机器人彻底改变了我们与机器互动的方式，可以推知以一种新的方式与人们交流互动。故选D。
13．推理判断题。Czm是第三段的举例，举例肯定是用来证明本段或者其前边的观点的。本段的中心是“Getting attached t dlls and sciable machines is different, thugh.（与洋娃娃相处与与社交机器相处是不同的”。再由第三段最后一句句意“你觉得忽略了机器人而难受，但是机器人并不会感觉被忽略，或者你感觉机器人冷落了你而难受但是机器人根本不知道它冷落了你，这些意味着什么呢？”可知，社交机器人并不能真的跟小朋友建立感情。故选B。
14．猜测词义题。由划线单词后的“They have nt been brn, they dn’t knw pain, r death, r fear. Rbt thinking may be thinking, but rbt feeling is never feeling, and rbt lve is never lve.”可知，社交机器人不知道疼，死亡或害怕。社交机器人的思维可能是在想，但是他们的感觉从来不是感觉，他们的爱也从来不是爱。这句话是证明划线单词所在句子的论点的，他们是会同情的机器，但是他们缺少感情，导致他们所谓的感情是假的。所以划线单词词意为情感。A. emtin情感；B. pain疼痛；C. fear害怕；D. thinking想。故选A。
15．篇章结构题。分析文章内容，第一段提出观点：社交机器人改变了我们与机器互动的方式。第二段提出一些支持这一改变的专家的想法，第三段提出一些人对这一改变的担忧，并且第三段后半部分以及第四段、第五段分别是这些人的三点担忧。最后一段总结这一趋势面临的现状。所以文章提出观点后，分为支持和反对两个观点，反对方面又列出了三点担忧，最后一段总结。故选B。
【点睛】猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。从近三年考查形势看，三种考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生词猜测词义。这种题型的解法主要是在生词后找到其释义句。例如本文中划线单词后一句话是对划线单词所在句子的解释。根据“they are missing”与其前后“dn’t understand”及“never”这些否定词之间的呼应，可知，划线单词与“emtinal lives”、“feeling”、“lve”等之间是并列解释关系。由这些词可以推知划线单词意思为情感，故选A。
16．D 17．F 18．B 19．C 20．E
【分析】这是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍了智能垃圾桶在城市的试用，并有望得到推广，有助于中国的绿色发展转型。
16．根据上文“Open an app at yur smart phne and scan the cde bar n the garbage can. When yu thrw garbage int the garbage can, it will shw the weight f the garbage and the pints yu can get frm ding s.（在智能手机上打开一个应用程序，扫描垃圾桶上的条形码。当你把垃圾扔进垃圾桶时，它会显示垃圾的重量和你可以从中得到的分数。）”可知，上文谈到了扫码扔垃圾的方式，D项中提到的 “Such a way f handling garbage” 与之呼应。故选D。
17．根据下文“The envirnmental prblems have becme cnstant headaches in the develpment f thse cities. Encuraging garbage classificatin has becme an effective way.（环境问题一直是这些城市发展中令人头疼的问题。鼓励垃圾分类已经成为一种有效的方式。）可知，下句提到在城市的发展过程中环境问题成为令人头疼的问题。F项指出了中国的环境问题，即“每年中国的一些城市造成2亿多吨垃圾”。故选F。
18．根据本段首句“In sme cities, a variety f multifunctinal smart garbage cans are being put int use.（在一些城市，各种多功能智能垃圾桶正在投入使用。）”可知，该段主要讲述两种智能垃圾桶，设空处前介绍了装有LED屏幕的垃圾桶，设空处后介绍了装有感应器的垃圾桶，此种垃圾桶更加智能。B项：Anther kind f garbage can is even smarter.（另一种垃圾桶更聪明。）符合语境。故选B。
19．根据本段首句“In sme cities, a variety f multifunctinal smart garbage cans are being put int use.（在一些城市，各种多功能智能垃圾桶正在投入使用。）”可知，该段主要讲述两种智能垃圾桶，空处对它们的出现给予评价。C项：It is n wnder that residents cheered fr their presence.（难怪居民们都为它们两种垃圾桶的出现而欢呼）符合语境。故选C。
20．根据上文“Garbage dispsal is a small issue that invlves everybdy each day. Hwever, it is als a big issue.（垃圾处理是一个每天涉及到每个人的小问题。然而，这也是一个大问题。）”可知，上文指出垃圾处理也是个大问题，本句应该进一步解释。E项：It will affect China’s transfrmatin twards green develpment.（它会影响中国向绿色发展转型）指出了具体的问题。故选E。
21．D 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．D 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．D 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．D 35．C
【分析】本文是一篇书信，作者写信给顾客服务中心寻求帮助，反映自己的模型质量出了问题，需要解决。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：2019年我收到了我的“妈妈”，立刻对这个模型很满意。A. equally平等的；B. finally最后；C. hardly几乎不；D. immediately立刻。下句“she wrked well”说明她工作的好，作者很满意，所以当时是立刻就感到很满意。故选D。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一年的时候，她好好的，没有问题。A. remained保持；B. wrked工作；C. managed管理；D. rse上升。通过下文“she was attentive”表示她很细心，说明她工作地很好，故答案为B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很细心，能满足我的需要。A. satisfied满足；B. raised举起；C. decided决定；D. discvered发现。她很细心，所以她可以满足我的需要符合语境。“need”这里是需要的意思，“满足需要”是satisfy ne’s need。故答案为A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在过去的一年里，我注意到她质量上的变化。A. value价值；B. shape塑造；C. quality质量；D. appearance外观。“Hwever”表示转折，前面第一年工作很好，后面就出了质量问题。故答案为C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她过去常常在我哭泣的时候把我从监狱中营救出来。A. cmfrt安慰；B. rescue营救；C. teach教；D. educate教育。与“prisn（监狱）”相对应的是“rescue”，表示营救。故答案为B。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我收到的是一个严厉的大叫。A. gentle温柔的；B. pleased愉快的；C. relieved放松的；D. strict严厉的。根据“G back t sleep!”和“yell”是叫喊，叫喊是严厉的，符合题意，故答案为D。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也注意到在她日常时间回应的延迟增加。A. natural自然的；B. traditinal传统的；C. increasing增加的；D. reducing减少的。上文说质量出现了问题，所以此处说明反应时间变慢，也就是延迟的时间增加了，故答案为C。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我快要哭之前，她曾经有很多可能的解决办法，包括零食、拥抱，还有各种搞笑的面孔让我发笑。A. slutins解决；B. fd食物；C. tys玩具；D. crrectins更正。后面的“snacks”零食等是她解决我要哭泣的办法，故答案为A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我快要哭之前，她曾经有很多可能的解决办法，包括零食、拥抱，还有各种搞笑的面孔让我发笑。A. anny烦恼；B. laugh笑；C. weep哭泣；D. agree同意。有很多解决办法，在我要哭泣的时候解决这个问题是让我笑，再结合“varius funny faces”，所以这里是使我笑。故答案为B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我扑倒在地板上时，她只是叹息和翻白眼。A. distributes分发；B. puts放；C. thrws扔；D. rlls卷。“rll her eyes”是翻白眼，与“sigh”叹气对应，符合题意。故答案为D。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个让人担心的是我妈妈的翻译功能，我发现它越来越不正常。A. machinery机械；B. mvement移动；C. translatin翻译；D. face脸。根据下文“She will ask me questins such as, ‘Are yu ready t wash yur hair? ’and I'll always say, ‘N’（她会问我诸如“你准备好洗头了吗？”之类的问题，而我会一直说：不。）”和“a face full f shamp every time.”，可说明她的翻译功能出了问题。故答案为C。
32．考查动词词组辨析。句意：我总是说不洗，但是我每次还是会以满脸的洗发水为结束。A. end up with结束；B. take charge f管理；C. catch up with抓住；D. cme up with提出。end up with以……为结束，这里的意思是我虽然不想洗头，但她还是会给我弄满脸的洗发水，still表示转折。故答案为A。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它看起来像理解我否定回答有问题。A. chance机会；B. prblem问题；C. missin任务；D. functin作用。根据上一句不洗头，但是仍然，我每次以满脸洗发水为结束。说明她在理解我的话方面有问题，故答案为B。
34．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我还没有开始说换尿布，然而她就开始做了。A. because因为；B. and和；C. s因此；D. yet然而。这里是表示转折，虽然我还没回答“是”，她就继续做这件事了。用yet表示转折。故答案为D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我建议你花些时间扩大你的研究和发展去提升这个妈妈（模型）。A. intentin意图；B. administratin行政；C. research研究；D. prductin产量。因为存在着各种问题，作者建议服务中心能扩大对模型的研究和发展，符合题意。故答案为C。
36．ambitius 37．being 38．cmpared 39．increased 40．why 41．which 42．a 43．t 44．recently 45．braden
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在世界上学习中文的人越来越多及这种现象的原因。
36．考查形容词。句意：世界上越来越多雄心勃勃的家长为他们的孩子报名上中文课。分析句子可知，“parents”为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，“ambitin”意为“雄心”，名词词性，对应的形容词为“ambitius”，意为“雄心勃勃的”。故填ambitius。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们渴望自己的孩子在生活中取得成功，他们认为流利地使用第二或第三语言是一种优势。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“see”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，句中应用动名词作“see”的宾语，“be fluent in+语言”意为“能流利地讲某种语言”，“be”的动名词形式为“being”。故填being。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：在美国，2017年学习汉语的中小学生人数是2015年的两倍。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“tk”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“cmpare”意为“比较”，动词词性，“primary and middle schl students”与“cmpare”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“cmpare”的过去分词“cmpared”，在句中作状语。故填cmpared。
39．考查时态。句意：在法国，从2007年到2017年，同年龄段学习汉语的学生数量增加了400%。根据句意和句中“between 2007 and 2017”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，“increase”意为“增加”，动词词性，过去式为“increased”。故填increased。
40．考查宾语从句。句意：很容易理解为什么中文变得如此流行。分析句子可知，句子为宾语从句，空格处单词引导从句，作“understand”的宾语，从句中缺少原因状语，故应用“why”引导从句。故填why。
41．考查定语从句。句意：例如，中国的“一带一路”倡议，推动丝绸之路沿线许多国家进行更紧密的合作。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“China’s Belt and Rad Initiative”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故填which。
42．考查固定短语。句意：它为精通中文的人创造了数千个当地的就业机会。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“with a knwledge f…”，意为“精通……，通晓……”，故空格处应用不定冠词“a”。故填a。
43．考查固定短语。句意：另一个原因是，学习汉语可以接触到精彩的中国历史和文化。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“access t…”，意为“接近……，通向……的入口”，故空格处应用介词“t”。故填t。
44．考查副词。句意：Adam Turner，英国的一位学校班主任，引用这一点作为最近添加的中文课程的一个吸引人的方面。分析句子可知，“added”意为“增添的，附加的”，形容词词性，前面应用副词修饰，“recent”意为“最近的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“recently”，意为“最近”。故填recently。
45．考查动词。句意：他解释说：“学习汉语可以开阔学生对外界的视野，帮助他们从新的角度看待生活。”分析句子可知，空格处应用动词，在句中作谓语，“brad”意为“宽阔的”，形容词词性，对应的动词为“braden”，意为“扩大，开阔”，“braden ne’s minds”意为“开阔视野，增长知识”，“can”为情态动词，后接动词原形。故填braden。
46．参考范文
The Pwer f Teamwrk
Gd mrning, everyne. It’s my privilege t share my ideas abut teamwrk.
It is widely accepted that teamwrk plays an extremely imperative rle in ur wrk, making fr an enjyable wrk envirnment. Additinally, peple can find suitable psitins and understand their strengths better when wrking in a team. With everyne’s knwledge cmbined, the team pssesses high wrk efficiency and an ability t deal with the difficult prblems.
Then hw can we cperate effectively? Firstly, appreciating thers’ gifts, effrts, and sacrifices, big r small, is a must. Mrever, being a gd listener and never psing yur will n thers can pave the way fr better cmmunicatin. Thank yu!
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇演讲稿，介绍团队合作的重要意义和如何有效合作。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想法，看法：idea→pinin
此外：additinally→in additin
优势，长处：strength→advantage
首先：firstly→first f all
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With everyne’s knwledge cmbined, the team pssesses high wrk efficiency and an ability t deal with the difficult prblems.
拓展句：If everyne’s knwledge is cmbined, the team will pssess high wrk efficiency and an ability t deal with the difficult prblems.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is widely accepted that teamwrk plays an extremely imperative rle in ur wrk, making fr an enjyable wrk envirnment.（运用了that引导的主语从句，It作形式主语）
【高分句型2】Additinally, peple can find suitable psitins and understand their strengths better when wrking in a team.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句，省略了从句的主语和“be”）
47．例文1：
Paragraph 1:
And that was exactly what happened.
Arizna and I sat at the desk at the study in her huse n Saturday afternn. I asked her curiusly wh she wuld pick t talk abut. “ My grandma ”. She blurted ut. She tld me she was grateful t her grandma, wh tk great pains t bring her up despite pr health. Frm her excited lk and gentle tne, I culd feel her deep gratitude and lve fr her grandma. I was s immersed in her talk that I didn't t ntice she had finished it until she patted my shulder. She then suggested I talk abut my mum. I fllwed her advice as I had n ther gd ideas. She als helped me rganize my ideas and gave me patient guidance n my gestures, emtins and eye cntact when practising the presentatin in her presence . She was s helpful that I gt prepared fr my talk very smthly.
Paragraph 2:
On Mnday mrning, hwever, I decided t talk abut Mareya.
Thugh it was true that there were many peple I was grateful t, I thught it was Mareya that I shuld express my gratitude t the here and nw. When my turn came, I mustered up curage and stepped nt the platfrm. I culdn’t help lking at Mareya and fund her smiling and cheering fr me. Clearing my thrat, I started: “ Tday , I’d like t talk abut Mareya , a friend I will always be grateful t .” Hearing the wrds, Mareya widened her eyes and lked at me in surprise. Then I recalled gd times spent with Mareya and hw she managed t help me ut whenever I was in truble. Upn finishing the talk, I trtted twards Mareya and gave her a bear hug. Meanwhile, thunderus applause rang thrugh the classrm.
例文2：
And that was exactly what happened.
Magically, I did g t Mareya’s huse t wrk n the talks tgether. We discussed, finalized the draft, and rehearse the hmewrk. But I was still unsure if I culd make it in frnt f the whle class." Just imagine all the elephants drawn by me are thse big audiences” suggested Mareya, sticking all the pictures f Franky t each chair . It did wrk! Never did I felt nervus. I was s grateful fr the elephants that I decided t talk abut Franky n Mnday mrning. Mareya giggled and ndded her head.
Paragraph 2:
On Mnday mrning, hwever, I decided t talk abut Mareya . Obviusly, there being n extra time fr me t mdify my draft, I stepped n the stage and delivered my speech withut any draft.” Tday, I’d like t talk abut Mareya, she desn’ t always d exactly what I asked her t. Plus, she desn’ t hesitate t be helpful whenever I am in need. Plus, she desn’ t fail t draw kinds f magical elephants t cnceive me that everything is ging t be all right ….” After I finished, the audience burst int thunderus applause. Nt until then, did I realize wh I needed t be grateful t. I threw myself t Mareya’s arms, held back my welling tears and said " Thanks , Mareya ”
例文 3:
And that was exactly what happened. Reluctantly, I inched my way int Mareya’s rm. I sank int the chair, nt knwing what t d. Maeya suggested that we pick _ ne f the persns I appreciated first. My mind raced quickly and peple’s names flded in. I finally chse ne Then Mareya encuraged me t write dwn what the persn did mved me. Finally, with Mareya’s help, I even read it ut alud. But at night, I tssed and turned, thinking there must be smething imprtant ignred by me.
On Mnday mrning, hwever, I decided t talk abut Mareya. Yes, it dawned n me that I had always ignred Mareya even thugh we spent s much time tgether. The memries that Mareya cnstantly encuraged and cmfrted me crwded int my mind. And it was als Mareya wh created Franky, the lvely elephant t help me vercme my fear. I even didn’t need t write dwn my gratitude because the wrds just pured ut as my eyes fell n her. After my speech, she came up t me and firmly said " That’ s what friends d !”
【分析】本文是人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因为老师布置的作业而发愁，因为老师让他们周末在家写一篇他/她要感谢的人的文章，并且周一在班里和大家分享。而作者害怕在全班同学目前演讲，所以就找她的好朋友Mareya抱怨，Mareya就想办法帮助她克服这个心理障碍。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这就是发生的准确事情。”可知，第一段可描写作者到Mareya的家，Mareya帮助她如何写那篇文章的事情。
②由第二段首句内容“然而，周一早上的时候，我还是觉得说说Mareya。”可知，第二段可描写作者为什么要说Mareya是她很感谢的人。
2.续写线索：作者到Mareya的家——Mareya教给她如何写要感谢的人——Mareya让作者写她的妈妈——作者决定写Mareya是她感谢的人——回忆Mareya对她的帮助——两个人都很高兴——演讲很成功
3.词汇激活
行为类
①准备：get prepared fr/make preparatins fr
②鼓起勇气：muster up curage/get ne’s curage up
情绪类
①好奇：curiusly/with curisity
②感激：be grateful t/ express my gratitude t
【点睛】[高分句型1]She tld me she was grateful t her grandma, wh tk great pains t bring her up despite pr health.（由省略连词that引导的宾语从句和wh引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]I was s immersed in her talk that I didn't t ntice she had finished it until she patted my shulder. （由s…that…引导的结果状语从句和until引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]Thugh it was true that there were many peple I was grateful t, I thught it was Mareya that I shuld express my gratitude t the here and nw. （由that引导的主语从句、省略连词that/whm的定语从句和it was…that…引导的强调句型）
[高分句型4]Then I recalled gd times spent with Mareya and hw she managed t help me ut whenever I was in truble. （由hw引导的宾语从句和whenever引导的让步状语从句）