专题08 应用文写作 -2023年高考英语真题题源解密(新高考卷)
展开(2023·新高考卷I、卷II应用文写作)
假定你是李华,外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组,让大家课后练习口语,你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件,内容包括;
1. 说明问题;
2. 提出建议。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80个左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
I’m Li Hua frm Class 3.___________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【参考答案】
Dear Ryan,
I’m Li Hua frm Class 3. I think it’s nt a gd idea t randmly pair up students fr the spken English training after class. The reasns are as fllws.
T begin with, randmly pairing up students may lead t unbalanced language abilities within the grups. This can hinder the prgress f students as the mre advanced ne may dminate the cnversatin, leaving little rm fr the ther students t imprve. Besides, students may feel uncmfrtable r less mtivated if paired with smene wh they dn’t get alng with r have difficulty cmmunicating with.
My suggestin is t grup students based n their language abilities r t let students chse their wn partners. This way, everyne can feel mre cmfrtable practicing and imprving their spken English tgether.
Thank yu fr cnsidering my suggestin.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
Dear Ryan,
【表达观点】I’m Li Hua frm Class 3. I think it’s nt a gd idea t randmly pair up students fr the spken English training after class. The reasns are as fllws.
【佐证观点】T begin with, randmly pairing up students may lead t unbalanced language abilities within the grups. This can hinder the prgress f students as the mre advanced ne may dminate the cnversatin, leaving little rm fr the ther students t imprve. Besides, students may feel uncmfrtable r less mtivated if paired with smene wh they dn’t get alng with r have difficulty cmmunicating with.
【提出建议】My suggestin is t grup students based n their language abilities r t let students chse their wn partners. This way, everyne can feel mre cmfrtable practicing and imprving their spken English tgether.
Thank yu fr cnsidering my suggestin.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作,要求考生给外教写一封邮件,告诉他将学生随机分为两人一组,让大家课后练习口语,你认为这样分组存在问题。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
首先:t begin with → first f all
提高:imprve → prgress
建议:suggestin → advice
选择:chse → select
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:My suggestin is t grup students based n their language abilities r t let students chse their wn partners.
拓展句:My suggestin is that we are suppsed t grup students based n their language abilities r t let students chse their wn partners.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
This can hinder the prgress f students as the mre advanced ne may dminate the cnversatin, leaving little rm fr the ther students t imprve.(运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]
Besides, Students may feel uncmfrtable r less mtivated if paired with smene wh they dn’t get alng with r have difficulty cmmunicating with.(运用了省略句和wh引导定语从句)
【命题意图】
2023年新高考I卷、II卷应用文写作设置的情境是,外教准备将学生随机分为两人一组,让大家课后练习口语,要求考生给外教写邮件说明这样分组存在的问题并提出建议。这就要求考生在审题的时候,首先思考题干中的关键信息“存在的问题”是什么,再提出可以解决问题的具体建议。这不仅仅考查了学生对实际问题的思考,能够培养学生发现问题和解决问题的能力,同时也要求学生具备一定的英语表达能力,包括语法和词汇的运用能力,以及英语写作的组织和表达能力。因此,该应用文写作既注重实用性,又具备语言能力的综合考查,还考查了学生的思辨能力,体现了英语这一学科的应用价值。
【考查要点】
写作体裁是建议信;题材是指出随机分组的不合理并提建议。应用文写作依然是书信格式,延续了以往的提纲式写作,考查的主题也十分贴近学生的学习与生活。很多中小学都有外教老师,考生大多有与外教老师交流的经历,所以考生对“外教口语课分组训练”这一主题应该有亲切感,完成写作任务难度并不大。不过对于随机分组练习口语的弊端,可能有的学生思维无法短时间内展开,会有一种很难的感觉,其实这里重点要审题,针对“随机”二字来提建议,比如应该按照口语的能力来分组,更有针对性。
【课标链接】
应用文属实用文体,有严格的语境限制,比如确定的时间、地点,确定的对象、范围,确定的行文目的等。因此,应用文写作应力求主旨鲜明,格式正确,语言简练,语气因人因事而异。
书信、电子邮件是常见的应用文写作考查题型,主要包括询问信、致歉信、致谢信、慰问信、投诉信、邀请信、介绍信、求职信等,其次应用文还有:通知、发言稿、便条、日记、通知、调查报告扥。写作时要注意格式正确,包含称呼语(salutatin),正文(bdy),结束语(cmplimentary clse),签名(signature)。应用文写作是通过要点提示、图画、表格等限定内容、人称、时态、字数和文体的一种写作类型,而且大多数应用文已经形成了稳定的通用格式和体例,所以考生在写作中所受限制较多,自由发挥的空间不大。在考场答题时,考生应遵循"准确审题"、"遣词造句"、"形成篇章"、"检查誊写"的答题步骤。
【1】(2022·新高考卷I、卷II应用文写作)
假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华,请给外教Carline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括:1. 节目介绍;
2. 访谈的时间和话题。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Carline,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Carline,
This is my first time that I have invited yu t attend ur prgram —Talk and Talk. It is ten years since Talk and Talk was established. This is an amazing prgram where yu can share yur ideas with students. Nw, when having truble in learning English well, plenty f students urge t knw hw t deal with it. As ur distinguished freign language teacher, yur aid can help us a lt. If yu are available n this Sunday, I tgether with the whle Talk and Talk staff am waiting fr yur cming. I’d appreciate it if yu take my invitatin int cnsideratin.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文,假定你是校广播站“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华,请给外教Carline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建立:establish→set up
了不起的:amazing→fabulus
帮助:aid→assistance
许多:plenty f→a lt f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:As ur distinguished freign language teacher, yur aid can help us a lt.
拓展句:Yu are ur distinguished freign language teacher, whse aid can help us a lt.
【点睛】[高分句型1]This is an amazing prgram where yu can share yur ideas with students.(运用了where引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]Nw, when having truble in learning English well, plenty f students urge t knw hw t deal with it.(运用了状语从句的省略)
【2】(2021·新高考卷I、卷II应用文写作)
你校英文报Yuth正在庆祝创刊十周年。请你写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1. 读报的经历;2. 喜爱的栏目;3. 期望和祝福。
注意:1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式写字答题卡的相应位置作答。
Yuth and Me
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Yuth and Me
It has been 10 years since Yuth was funded. In my memry, it is Yuth that accmpanies me thrugh my whle high schl. When feeling depressed, I ften chse t enjy the nvel part which includes a lt f imaginative stries. These stries can relieve my stress and braden my hrizn. Besides, I even submitted my wn fictin t Yuth. Refused as I was, I still received sme great encuragement, which gives me cnfidence t be a writer.
I d expect Yuth can publish mre classic wrks and have a prmising future.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文,向校刊Yuth表达自己的经历,并送上自己的祝福。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建立:fund→establish
沮丧的:upset→depressed
得到:receive→btain
赏析:enjy→appreciate
2.句式拓展
同义句改写
原句:These stries can relieve my stress and braden my hrizn.
拓展句:Nt nly can these stries relieve my stress, but als they can braden my hrizn.
【点睛】[高分句型1] When feeling depressed, I ften chse t enjy the nvel part which includes a lt f imaginative stries. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Refused as I was, I still received sme great encuragement, which gives me cnfidence t be a writer. (运用了as引导的让步状语从句还运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
分析近年的高考试题,可以发现写作第一部分体裁为应用文写作;从话题来说,应用文写作并非是时尚热点话题,而是与学生生活息息相关的话题。为此
1.高考应用文写作书信格式是主流,但是我们复习重点要全面。除了十大常考书信题型以外,还要复习通知、演讲稿、倡议书、投稿信、英文报道以及宣传稿等新型写作模式。
2.复习内容侧重于学生的日常生活话题,如班会,主题活动等。当然文化,核心价值观等正确思想导向的话题以及能够促进德智体美劳全面发展生活化素材也需要多复习。
3. 增强临时应变的能力。比如今年的应用文写作就就是给老师提出建议,不知道写什么的时候,就可以结合平时生活正的各类话题来构思。
【1】(2023届浙江省诸暨市高三5月诊断性考试英语试题)
假定你是李华,最近一直在使用ChatGPT辅助自己的学习,颇有收获和感受,现请你在班级发言,内容要点包括:
1. 使用体验和评价;2. 使用建议和希望。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellw students
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank yu!
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear fellw students,
Have yu been using ChatGPT? I have been since it was released. As a fan f it, I interact with it a lt, seeking better ideas, different slutins and varius learning materials. Frankly speaking, ChatGPT, this pwerful and interesting chatbt, makes fr my study. It prvides supprt, guidance and even mtivatin, enabling me t wrk autnmusly and efficiently. But hwever intelligent ChatGPT is, it is just a tl develped t serve us. As students, we shuld never depend t much n it, let alne be replaced r dminated by it in ur study. We shuld use it wisely. Hpefully, we all will embrace such AI technlgy as ChatGPT, use them prperly and get the mst ut f them.That’s all. Thank yu!
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。假定你是李华,最近一直在使用ChatGPT辅助自己的学习,颇有收获和感受,现请你在班级发言,内容要点包括:使用体验和评价;使用建议和希望。
【详解】1.词汇积累
寻找:seek→lk fr
各种各样的:varius→a variety f
提供: prvide→ffer
明智地:wisely→advisably
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:Frankly speaking, ChatGPT, this pwerful and interesting chatbt, makes fr my study.
拓展句:Frankly speaking, ChatGPT, which is a pwerful and interesting chatbt, makes fr my study.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I interact with it a lt, seeking better ideas, different slutins and varius learning materials. (运用了非谓语动词作状语)
[高分句型2] But hwever intelligent ChatGPT is, it is just a tl develped t serve us.(运用了hwever引导的状语从句)
【2】(广东省茂名市第一中学2022-2023学年高三下学期5月月考英语试题)
假定你是高三学生李华,下周六晚上6:00-8:00你校将在礼堂举办一场融合中西文化元素的音乐会。你的外籍老师Linda非常喜欢音乐,请你写一封信邀请她参加此次活动。
内容包括:
1.发出邀请;
2.活动时间和地点;
3.活动内容和意义。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节使行文流畅。
Dear Linda,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Linda,
Our schl will hld a musical cncert next Saturday. Knwing that we have great interest in music, I’m writing this letter t invite yu t attend it.
The cncert will be scheduled in ur schl hall frm 6:00 pm t 8:00 pm this Friday, lasting 2 hurs. During this cncert, nt nly can we appreciate classical flk sngs f China and western cuntries, but we can als have a chance t listen t the music riginally cmpsed by gifted students as well. It is guaranteed that yu will be deeply impressed by the cmbinatin f Chinese flk music with western musical instruments.
I am sure yu will enjy yurself and have fun.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外籍老师Linda写一封信,邀请她参加下周六晚上6:00-8:00你校将在礼堂举办一场融合中西文化元素的音乐会活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加:attend →jin in
感兴趣:have great interest in →shw great interest in
欣赏:appreciate →enjy
过得愉快:enjy yurself →have a gd time
2.简单句变为复合句
原句:The cncert will be scheduled in ur schl hall frm 6:00 pm t 8:00 pm this Friday, lasting 2 hurs.
拓展句:The cncert will be scheduled in ur schl hall frm 6:00 pm t 8:00 pm this Friday, which will last 2 hurs.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knwing that we have great interest in music, I’m writing this letter t invite yu t attend it. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] During this cncert, nt nly can we appreciate classical flk sngs f China and western cuntries, but we can als have a chance t listen t the music riginally cmpsed by gifted students as well..(运用了nt nly ……but als句型、部分倒装结构和过去分词作后置定语)
【3】(重庆市2022-2023学年高三下学期5月月考英语试题)
假设你是明启中学高一学生李明,你在The Evening News这份报纸上看到一篇关于改造你所在的城市的文章,文中提到了将河边的一块空地改造成自然保护区(nature reserve)。你认为这个改造方案的提议不受年轻人欢迎,请写一封信给该报的编辑,谈谈你的看法,你的文章必须包括:
1. 你不赞同建自然保护区的原因;
2. 提出一个替代的方案并说明原因。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear editr,
I am Li Ming frm Mingqi High Schl. Here I am writing t respnd t yur article abut establishing a nature reserve by the river.
Actually, I dn’t think it ppular amng yung peple. Althugh a nature reserve can be beneficial in prviding habitats fr wild animals and plants and prtecting ur envirnment, it shuld be acknwledged that a city with such a large ppulatin cannt affrd t spare a vast space t functin simply as a nature reserve. There may be a mre feasible and beneficial plan, which can take int accunt bth the wild lives and the citizens.
A recreatinal wetland park, I believe, is an alternative fr yu t cnsider. In this park, fr ne thing, the wild lives, especially thse birds, can seek shelter and the water quality can be imprved. Fr anther, the citizens, as they appreciate the natural eclgy and gain relief, can have mre ptins t have varius activities. T illustrate, teenagers can g biking r hiking and the family with children can g camping.
I am lking frward t hearing frm yu.
Yurs,
Li Ming
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是明启中学高一学生李明,你在The Evening News这份报纸上看到一篇关于改造你所在的城市的文章,文中提到了将河边的一块空地改造成自然保护区(nature reserve)。你认为这个改造方案的提议不受年轻人欢迎,请写一封信给该报的编辑,谈谈你的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建立:establish→set up
考虑:take int accunt→take int cnsideratin
各种各样的:varius→a variety f
可行:feasible→pssible
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:Here I am writing t respnd t yur article abut establishing a nature reserve by the river.
拓展句:The reasn why I am writing is that I wuld like t respnd t yur article abut establishing a nature reserve by the river.【点睛】[高分句型1] Althugh a nature reserve can be beneficial in prviding habitats fr wild animals and plants and prtecting ur envirnment, it shuld be acknwledged that a city with such a large ppulatin cannt affrd t spare a vast space t functin simply as a nature reserve. (运用了Althugh引导让步状语从句)
[高分句型2] There may be a mre feasible and beneficial plan, which can take int accunt bth the wild lives and the citizens. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
【教学反拨】
1. 熟悉各类应用文的格式和写作规范。不同种类的应用文都有其自己的格式和写作规范,在进行应用文写作教学时,教师必须全面了解各类应用文的写作形式,并通过样本文等让学生逐步掌握各应用文写作的规范和文体。
2. 训练学生应对不同场景的应用文的能力。教师应根据高考英语考试的特点,结合多种实际的应用场景进行应用文写作训练,例如请假条、投诉信、建议信等。这样能够帮助学生提高针对不同情境适当使用语言材料的能力。
3. 突出语言和信息的逻辑性。高考英语应用文写作通常要求表达清晰、语义连贯,以及布局合理。学生应通过模拟考试、主题写作等形式加强对这一方面的训练,使同学们能够灵活运用相关篇章收尾技巧、主题句、连接词等掌控好应用文表达的流畅性。
【技巧点拨】
写好应用文的第一步是准确审题。审题并不仅仅指读题,而是一个思维过程。审题可以从以下几个方面入手:
1、判断体裁
应用文的种类繁多,按其性质可分为一般性应用文和公务文书。一般性应用文包括书信、便条、请帖、聘书、海报、启事、证明、电报、便函等;公务文书包括布告、通告、指示、命令、请示等。
2、确定格式
不同类型的应用文其格式和结构是不同的。本试题的格式是书信,要求写明写信的对象(即称呼)和写信人(即署名),正文前可适当添加问候语,如"Hw are yu ding?"或"Lng time n see。"等。考生必须熟知书信类应用文的格式,准确写出称呼语、标点、结尾语和署名,以符合英语的写作习惯。
3、理清要点
邀请信中需要包括三个要点:告知参加者、郊游的时间和地点、活动内容——登山和野餐。当然考生可适当增加细节,如组织郊游的目的、登山中可以做什么、除登山和野餐外是否有其他的活动、参加郊游的意义等等。在整理要点时,考生应该特别注意以下3点:
●这是一次郊游,而不是到外地或到国外去游玩的长途旅行。
●郊游的时间应该具体到某一天,不要笼统地说下周,最好告知几点钟集合出发。
●既要介绍郊游的地点,又要尽量避免透露考生信息。例如:若考生写到YandangMuntain表明该考生可能来自温州地区,若考生写到the West Lake表明该考生可能来自杭州地区。那么怎样巧妙地避免这个问题呢?考生可以将地点模糊化,如使用Green Muntain, the Central Park等。
4、明确对象
写作对象决定了考生该使用的语言和语气、写信人和收信人之间的关系、书信用语的正式度和委婉程度等。本试题中,考生的身份是学生,写作的对象是考生的外籍朋友。既然是朋友,两者是平辈的关系,就不适合使用过度的敬辞或谦辞,如 "I wuld appreciate it if yu culd cme。";朋友之间一般会用"Hpe t see yu there。"或"Hpe yu can make it。"。既然是朋友,彼此应该熟知对方的email地址,看到寄信人的地址就应该知道是谁的来信,所以在邮件的开头根本没有必要介绍自己的身份。如有些考生写道:"I’m Li Hua, yur friend。"明显就不符合逻辑和常识。
5、分析语言
应用文作为一种实用性文体,是用来说明事实、解决实际问题的,侧重于"以事告人"。所以语言要求自然得体、朴实无华、开门见山、清晰流畅。本试题是邀请信,首先要掌握的是常用套语,例如在书信的开头常用:"I’m writing t invite yu t …"信件的结尾常用:"Lking frward t yur early reply。"或"I really hpe yu can cme。"等。其次,邀请信中的书面用语要符合朋友关系的身份设定,切忌使用过度的敬辞或谦辞。时态应以一般现在时和一般将来时态为主。
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