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人教版高考英语一轮复习3第1讲谓语动词课时学案
展开这是一份人教版高考英语一轮复习3第1讲谓语动词课时学案,共12页。学案主要包含了一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时等内容,欢迎下载使用。
一般时态
一、一般现在时
(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与表示习惯的副词(词组),如always,every time,nw and then,ccasinally,ften,seldm,never,smetimes,usually,every day/night等连用。
He ften ges t wrk by bus,and he takes a walk with his wife after dinner every day.
他经常乘公共汽车去上班,而且每天晚餐后和妻子一块儿散步。
(2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作。只限于g,arrive,leave,start,stay,return,begin,cme等动词。
Lk at the timetable.Hurry up! Flight 4026 takes ff at 18:20.
看看时间表。快点儿吧!4026航班18:20起飞。
(3)在状语从句中,当主句是一般将来时态时,从句用一般现在时表示将来。
If it is fine tmrrw,we will g there.
要是明天晴天,我们就去那里。
二、一般过去时
表示过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。常与ften,usually,seldm 等表示频度的副词连用。还可以表示在过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态,与现在没有关系,常与yesterday,the ther day,last week,the day befre yesterday等表示过去的时间状语连用。
In 1931,Addams became the first American wman t win the Nbel Peace Prize.
1931年,亚当斯成为第一个赢得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。
三、一般将来时
表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常与表示将来的时间状语tmrrw,next year,“in+一段时间”等连用。“will+动词原形”还可以表示说话者临时的决定。
—What time is it?
——几点了?
—I have n idea.But just a minute,I will check it fr yu.
——我不知道。你稍等,我给你查查。
单句语法填空
1.(2022·烟台市教育科学研究院一模)Many Chinese ancient artwrks were created(create) n silk.
2.(2022·洛阳二模)Bth Mei Lanfang and Cheng Yanqiu were knwn fr their playing female characters in Peking Opera pieces,because,at the time,wmen were frbidden(frbid) t appear n stage.
3.(2022·沛县树恩中学阶段练习)Based n a true stry,the film is set in the War t Resist US Aggressin and Aid Krea (1950-1953),which tells(tell) the stry f the Chinese Peple's Vlunteers sldiers fighting bravely under freezing temperatures in the key campaign at Lake Changjin.
4.(2022·四川达州一模)When ur high teacher first intrduced vlunteering t us,I gt inspired and applied immediately. Sn,I was s frtunate that I was accepted(accept) t be a vlunteer at a lcal hspital.
5.(2022·浙江效实中学模拟)On February 25,2021,Zhang Guimei was recgnized (recgnize) as ne f the rle mdels fr pverty alleviatin (扶贫),and received a natinal hnrary title frm President Xi Jinping at a cmmendatin (嘉奖) cnference.
6.(2022·广饶一中模拟)The father as well as his three children ges (g) skating n the frzen river every Sunday afternn in winter.
7.(2022·南宁联考)The mvie was adapted (adapt) frm the true stry f a rad trip thrugh the suthern US in the early 1960s.
8.(2022·云台一中二模)They made up their minds that they wuld buy (buy) a new huse nce Larry changed his jb.
进行时态
一、现在进行时
(1)表示说话时正在进行或表示现阶段正在进行的动作,虽然此时此刻该动作不一定正在进行。
—I hear yu are wrking in a pub.What's it like?
——我听说你在酒吧工作。感觉怎么样?
—Well,it's very hard wrk and I'm always tired,but I dn't mind.
——哦,工作很辛苦,我也总是很累,不过我不介意。
(2)表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作,常用于g,cme,leave,start,arrive,return,wrk,sleep,stay,have,wear,run ut等动词(词组)。
Fd supplies in the fldstricken area are running ut.We must act immediately befre there's nne left.
洪灾区的食物供给快要用完了。我们必须在食物吃完前马上行动。
二、过去进行时
(1)表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作,常同表示过去的时间状语从句以及at that time,at that mment,at this time yesterday,at ten 'clck yesterday等连用。
He must have sensed that I was lking at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are yu staring at me like that?”
他一定感觉到了我正在看着他。他突然瞥了我一眼,轻声地说:“你为什么那样盯着我看?”
(2)表示过去的两个动作中持续进行的一个,常与when,while引导的时间状语从句连用。
Jack was wrking in the lab when the pwer cut ccurred.
突然断电时,杰克正在实验室里工作。
三、将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻或某一时间段正在发生或进行的动作,常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用,如:at this time tmrrw,by then,frm 1:30 t 4:30 tmrrw等。
Jane can't attend the meeting at 3 'clck this afternn because she will be teaching a class at that time.
简不能参加今天下午三点的会议了,因为她那个时间在授课。
单句语法填空
1.(2022·武汉联考)He was cleaning (clean)his bedrm when he suddenly heard a lud nise frm the street.
2.(2022·咸阳模拟)At this time tmrrw we will be flying (fly) ver the Atlantic Ocean.
3.(2022·玉林三名考试)Shirley was writing (write) a bk abut China last year but I dn't knw whether she has finished it.
4.(2022·南昌第五次考试)Hurry up!Mr. Jhnsn is expecting (expect) yu in his ffice.
5.(2022·广州白云中学模拟)Engineers are setting (set) up ver 15,000 sensrs (传感器) natinwide and wiring them int a web.
完成时态
一、现在完成时
(1)表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态到说话时刚刚完成或结束,并对现在仍有影响。常用的时间状语有:already,just,yet,never,befre,lately,recently,in the last(past) few days/years,up t nw,till nw,s far等。
He has already received three similar invitatins this week.
本周他已经收到了三个相似的邀请。
In the past few years thusands f films have been prduced all ver the wrld.
在过去的几年里,全世界拍摄了数以千计的电影。
(2)表示从过去某时开始而延续至今(可能还要延续下去)的动作或状态。常用的时间状语:since+时间点; fr+时间段等。
—I remember yu were a talented pianist at cllege.Can yu play the pian fr me?
——我记得你在大学时是一位极有才华的钢琴师。你能为我弹钢琴吗?
—Srry,I haven't played the pian fr years.
——抱歉,我好多年没有弹钢琴了。
二、过去完成时
(1)表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态,即过去的过去。句中一般有明确的表示“过去的过去”的时间状语(从句)。
When walking dwn the street,I came acrss David,whm I hadn't seen fr years.
沿街走路时,我偶然遇见了戴维,我已经有好几年没见他了。
(2)表示从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到过去的另一时间的动作或状态,常用的时间状语有:befre(+从句),by then,by that time,by the end f,by the time+从句等。
He had scarcely put the phne dwn befre the drbell rang.
他刚放下电话,门铃就响了起来。
(3)表示“愿望、打算”的动词(如hpe,want,expect,think,mean,suppse,plan,intend)用于过去完成时表示过去本打算实现而未实现的希望或计划。
I had intended t call n yu yesterday,but I had an unexpected visitr.
昨天我本来打算去看你,但是来了一位不速之客。
三、常使用完成时的句型
(1)This/It/That is the +(that) sb.has/have dne sth.;
This/It/That was the +(that) sb.had dne sth.这是某人第几次做某事
It was the third time(that)he had made the same mistake.
那是他第三次犯同样的错误了。
(2)It/This/That is/was the+最高级+名词+(that)定语从句,从句中的谓语用完成式。
(3)It is/has been+一段时间+since sb.did sth.;
It was/had been+一段时间+since sb.had dne sth.自从某人做某事以来多久了
(4)hardly(scarcely) (一……就……)主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。
Hardly/N sner had I gt hme when/than the rain pured dwn.
我一到家,就下起了倾盆大雨。
单句语法填空
1.(2022·潍坊市二模统考)And up t nw his inspiring stry has been filmed(film) int the Emmy awardnminated dcumentary “Bluebird Man”.
2.(2022·梅河口市第五中学一模)Since its beginning in 1987,the festival has changed (change) hst cities in each editin,travelling t areas including Beijing,Sichuan,Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Hubei ver the past three decades.
3.(2022·浙江省山水联盟5月联考)Undubtedly the bk is my favrite ne amng the bks that I have read(read) s far.
4.(2022·浙江省北斗星盟5月联考)Nw,in this latest study the scientists f the team have fund (find) that nt nly d such highfat,highsugar diets impair memry in humans,but they appear t directly affect ur ability t cntrl ur appetite.
5.(2022·菏泽市期中)In the years since,the technlgy that pwers clning has advanced/has been advancing (advance) slwly but steadily.
6.(2022·包头市质量检测)Just as I gt t the schl gate,I realized I had left (leave) my bk in the cafe.
7.(2022·厦门市六校联考)Either the beautiful sights f this mdern city r its lcal custm has attracted (attract) thusands f visitrs during the past years.
8.(2022·威海二中模拟)Dctrs and scientists have learned (learn) a great deal abut sleep in the last thirty years.
被动语态
一、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成,be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。
1.各种时态的被动语态形式如下(以动词give为例):
2.“get+过去分词”也能构成被动语态,常用于口语中,其中的get已失去原有的词汇意义,而接近于be的功能。常见的有:get married结婚;get paid获得报酬;get hurt受伤;get trapped/stuck/caught被困。
二、被动语态的用法
1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时;
2.强调动作的承受者时。
It is reprted that a space statin will be built n the mn in years t cme.
据报道,一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上建成。
In my hmetwn,there is always a harvest supper fr the farmers after all the wheat has been cut.
在我的家乡,所有的麦子被收割后,总是要给农民们准备一顿收获的晚餐。
With many frests being destryed,huge quantities f gd earth are being washed away each year.
因为许多森林被毁,每年大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。
三、主动形式表达被动意义
1.“系动词feel,sund,taste,lk,smell,appear,seem,turn,stay,becme,get,grw,keep等+形容词/名词”构成系表结构,常常以主动形式表示被动意义。
This kind f wl shirt feels sft.
这种羊毛衫摸起来很软。
2.当sell,read,cut,wash,write,pen,wear,run,burn等不及物动词后带状语(well/easily等)修饰,用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。
Have yu bught the bk that sells well these days?I think it is suitable fr us teenagers.
你买最近畅销的那本书了吗?我认为它适合我们青少年。
3.be t rent/blame主动形式表被动意义。
Wh is t blame fr the mistake?
谁应为这个错误接受谴责?
单句语法填空
1.(2022·南通模拟预测)A rescue wrker risked his life saving tw turists wh had been trapped (trap) in the muntains fr tw days.
2.(2022·辽宁东北育才双语学校最后一卷)The netwrk is expected (expect) t duble in length again,t 70,000 kilmeters,by 2035.
3.(2022·抚顺市第一中学5月模拟)The 56yearld Kere was hnred (hnr) n Tuesday fr his pineering designs.
4.(2022·鞍山市第一中学六模)A prttype (原型) f the new maglev train was revealed (reveal) t media in 2019.
5.(2022·商丘四模)Flight recrders are als knwn as black bxes.Hwever,they are painted(paint) bright range in clr actually t aid in their recvery after accidents.
6.(2022·诸城市三模)In the near future,I hpe mre prgress will be made (make) in farming.
7.(2022·日照联考)Despite the previus runds f talks,n agreement has been reached (reach) s far by the tw sides.
8.(2022·柳州模拟)They are living with their parents fr the mment because their wn huse is being decrated (decrate).
题型
高考典题试做
命题角度解读
语法填空
1.(2022·全国乙卷)The chairman f the China Culture Prmtin Sciety addressed(address) the pening ceremny.
2.(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were (be) previusly unprtected,bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity t increase effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
3.(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)After a threeyear pilt perid,the GPNP will be fficially set up next year.The GPNP is designed(design) t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) f natural ecsystems...”
4.(2021·全国甲卷)It was built (build) riginally t prtect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred (修复).
1.时态主要考查一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时;
2.给出动词考查其被动语态;
3.考查主谓一致。
现在时
过去时
将来时
过去将来时
一般式
am given
is given
are given
was given
were given
shall be
given
will be
given
shuld be
given
wuld be
given
进行式
am being
given
is being
given
are being
given
was being
given
were being
given
完成式
has been
given
have been
given
had been
given
shall have
been given
will have
been given
shuld have
been given
wuld have
been given
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