人教版高考英语一轮复习必修第3册UNIT2 MORALS AND VIRTUES课时学案

这是一份人教版高考英语一轮复习必修第3册UNIT2 MORALS AND VIRTUES课时学案，共17页。


1 respnd vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应
①By respnding(respnd) quickly t changes in the markets as well as in the ecsystems, small farmers can keep ne step ahead f the big guys.
②(2022·全国乙卷)Their respnses t the questins reflected their true belief that “I can see yu nly if yu can see me, t.”
③(2021·北京卷)． an argument gets reslved, the emtinal respnse(respnd) tied t it is significantly reduced r almst cmpletely erased.
My respnse was bviusly far mre than what my daughter had expected(我的回应显然大大超出女儿的预料), and her frwning face slwly brke int a bright smile.
◎respnd t sb./sth.对……做出回答或回应；应对……
◎respnd (t sb./sth.) by ding sth.以做某事予以回应(某人/某事)
◎respnse n．回答；反应；回应
◎in respnse t以回应……
◎make a/n respnse t对……做出回应/不予回答
◎respnd quickly t a challenge迅速应对挑战
◎respnd t changes in the fashin industry应对时装业的变化
◎write in respnse t yur request写信回复你的请求
2 appint vt.[课本义]任命；委派 [增补义]约定；指定(时间、地点等)
①The disabled girl was attended thrughut her schl days by a nurse appinted(appint) t guard her.
②They take their driverless car t an appintment(appint) and set the empty vehicle t circle the building t avid paying fr parking.
③Samuel Smith appinted himself(he) mayr f Baltimre and，much t the relief f many wealthy peple，tk charge f the city.
I'm writing t aplgize t yu fr nt being able t accmpany yu t the bkstre at the appinted time(在约定时间陪你去书店)．
◎appint sb.(as/t be)．..任命某人为……
◎appint sb. t d sth.委派某人做某事
◎appintment n．任命；约会
◎make an appintment with sb.与某人约会/预约
◎keep/break an appintment守/违约
◎appint Davis t the jb委派戴维斯做这项工作
◎be appinted t direct the prject被委派管理这项工程
◎turn up at the appinted place到达约定地点
3 tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于
①The yung man tk a jb tending(tend) a cffee bar after he arrived in New Yrk.
②(2021·全国乙卷)Even sccer fans tend t have(have) a seat each; gne are the days f thusands standing t watch the match.
③(2020·浙江7月)The lamb had becme separated frm its mther, s I jumped ut f the tractr t tend t it while Dn stayed in his seat.
Whenever I tend t cmplain and quit(每当我倾向于抱怨，想放弃时), I watch him push himself t his wn limits, and I find myself mtivated t wrk as hard.
◎tend (t) sb./sth.照料；护理
◎tend t d sth.易于做某事；往往会做某事
◎tendency n．倾向；趋势
◎have a tendency t d sth.倾向于做某事；往往会做某事
◎there is a tendency t d sth.有一种做……的倾向
◎tend t make mistakes往往会犯错误
◎tend (t) these disabled children carefully细心照料这些残疾的孩子
◎have a tendency t talk t much总爱唠叨
4 replace vt.[课本义]接替；取代；更换 [增补义]把……放回原处
①I watched him take ff his basketball unifrm and replace it with/by a baseball unifrm.
②(2021·天津3月)Fr Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing t d was (t) replace(replace) his stlen bike.
③Replacing(replace) petrl­pwered private cars wrldwide with electric and shared systems culd sharply reduce carbn emissins.
A lk f disbelief came int his eyes, but was quickly replaced by firm cnfidence(很快被坚定的信心所取代)．
◎用……替换……
◎取代……而成为……
◎take the place f sb./take ne's place代替某人
◎in place f sb./in ne's place代替某人
◎replace the magazines after reading杂志读完后放回原处
◎replace the riginal painting with a cpy用摹本换走原画
◎use milk in place f cream in this recipe在这个食谱中用牛奶代替奶油
5 assist vt.帮助；援助
①(2021·全国乙卷)I always assist my parents in ding the dishes after meals.
②All pwers were in the hands f the emperr alne, with a grup f ministers assisting(assist) him with gvernment affairs.
③I favr targeting financial assistance(assist) t peple with lw incmes r sudden incme lss.
(普通表达)The twins, helped by their father, finally succeeded in cking a delicius breakfast.
(高级表达)The twins, assisted by their father/with the assistance f their father, finally succeeded in cking a delicius breakfast.
◎assist sb. t d sth.帮助某人做某事
◎assist sb. in ding sth.帮助某人做某事
◎assist sb. with/in sth.协助某人做某事
◎assistance n．帮助；援助；支持
◎with ne's assistance在某人的帮助下
◎cme t ne's assistance来帮助某人
◎assist him t get n his feet again帮助他重新站起来
◎assist me in finding a place t live帮我找个住的地方
◎assist the dctr with the peratin协助医生做手术
6 [教材原句]She immediately became the first wman ever t be hired as a resident physician in the OB­GYN department f the PUMC Hspital.她立即成为第一位被聘为北京协和医院妇产科部住院医师的女性。
①(2022·全国乙卷)Selected frm cllectins thrughut the wrld, it is the first majr exhibitin f his wrk t be held(hld) in ver frty years.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)China has becme the first cuntry t land(land) a spacecraft n the far side f the mn.
③(2021·全国甲卷)The first rhin t be(be) brn at Prt Lympne arrived n January 5 t first­time mther Kisima and weighed abut 32kg.
Surprisingly, I was amng the first ever t gain entry t the palace(第一批进入该宫殿的人之一) when it repened t the public recently.
the first/secnd＋n.＋t d意为“第一/二个做……的人/物”。名词前有序数词修饰时，其后常接动词不定式作定语，此时不定式表示已完成的动作。如果名词与不定式之间是主动关系，不定式要用主动形式(t d)；如是被动关系，则不定式要用被动形式(t be dne)。
At the Beijing Olympics she became the first Jamaican wman ever t win the 100 meters Olympic gld.在北京奥运会上，她成为第一位获得女子百米奥运金牌的牙买加人。
7 [教材原句]After a while, a grup f wmen came alng, each balancing a pt f water n her head.过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每人头上都顶着一罐水。
①The gld seekers wuld carry their supplies in backpacks, each weighing(weigh) up t fifty punds.
②Hundreds f refugees, mst dressed(dress) in rags, attempted t enter ther cuntries.
③The end­term examinatin drawing(draw) near, many students have t stay up late reviewing their lessns.
Wmen, sme carrying crying children(有些抱着哭泣的孩子), frmed a lng queue in the clinic's brightly­clred crridr dtted with cartn characters.
each balancing a pt f water n her head是独立主格结构作状语。独立主格结构由“名词/代词＋名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词等”构成，用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的成分构成逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。独立主格结构可置于主句前、主句后或主句中，在句中作状语或定语，相当于一个状语或定语从句。
Jim was listening t the lecture, all his attentin fixed n it.吉姆正全神贯注地听讲座。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Ttally lst in a daydream, she made n respnse(respnd) t her mther's questin.
2．When peple are tired f making chices, they have a tendency t chse(chse) t g with the status qu(现状)．
3．The judge will appint a curt lawyer t defend(defend) the suspect if he can't affrd ne.
4．Bats are surprisingly lng­lived creatures, sme having(have) a lifespan f arund 20 years.
5．Tchaikvsky was given a state funeral—the first cmmner ever t be granted(grant) this hnur.
6．(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)Cattle tend t be kept(keep) in remte places and their value has risen, making them appealing targets.
7．With cmputers replacing(replace) humans in many industries, there have been many reprts in recent years which warn f future jb lsses.
8．The public is urgently requested t assist the plice in tracing(trace) the men suspected f the rbbery.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．When feeling an ecnmic slwdwn, many peple tend t respnd by spending less.
2．S it is unlikely that cffee can replace tea as the cuntry's main drink any time sn.
3．As had been expected, he was appinted as chairman f the Chinese Ftball Assciatin.
4．Many children f ff­farm wrkers were left behind at hme, with n ne t tend t them.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Hearing the gunsht, the little girl curled up in the crner, scared(scare) half t death.
2．She expressed her dislike f the prgramme by writing a letter f cmplaint(cmplain)．
3．She went thrugh a perid f emtinal adjustment after her marriage(marry) brke up.
4．One wman tripped ver the stne and her water pt went crashing(crash) t the grund.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．The stne is a danger t anyne wh cmes dwn the street after dark.
2．China's ecnmy is beginning t pick up while America's is still in truble.
3．Peple ften cmplain abut hw children spend s much time n cmputer games.
4．Dr. Lin, having delivered ver 50，000 babies in her lifetime, was knwn as the “mther f ten thusand babies”．
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)On certain majr event days, i．e. Australia Day, Anzac Day, sprting and cultural days, special additinal services may perate. C
A．做手术 B．操作 C．供使用
2．(2020·浙江7月)Challenging wrk that requires lts f analytical thinking, planning and ther managerial skills might help yur brain stay sharp as yu age... C
A．急剧的 B．锋利的 C．敏锐的
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Chris trips n the “­ld，” a prnunciatin difficulty fr many nn­native English speakers.A
A．磕巴 B．旅行 C．绊倒
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)A grund­breaking, five­year study shws that diet­related changes in human bite led t new speech sunds that are nw fund in half the wrld's languages.
本句是一个复合句，可简化为： shws t new speech sunds...。句中的第一个that引导宾语从句，第二个that引导定语从句，修饰sunds。
[尝试翻译]一项历时五年的开创性研究表明，人类咬食物方式的改变导致了新语音的出现，现在，这些语音在世界上一半的语言中都有发现。
2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)The GPNP is designed t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical diversity, prtecting eclgical buffer znes, and leaving behind precius natural assets fr future generatins”．
本句是一个简单句，可简化为：The GPNP is designed t reflect the guiding principle...。句中principle后面的介词短语f...是作定语，修饰principle，其中，prtecting..., preserving..., prtecting..., and leaving behind...是四个并列的动名词短语作介词f的宾语。
[尝试翻译]大熊猫国家公园旨在体现这样一个指导原则，即“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
As the examinatin appraches, the majrity f the high schl students are busy 1.reviewing(review) their lessns and their amunt f exercise is decreasing sharply. 2.T sme extent, the PE class prvides them with the nly precius chance t relax at 3.the mment. Unfrtunately, the current PE class is quite bring and smetimes even 4.replaced(replace) by ther curses. Many students cmplained t their teachers abut this, but they didn't get any 5.respnse(respnd). It is generally accepted that prper exercise can nt nly build up ne's bdy 6.and cultivate ne's virtue but als relieve tensin. There are many 7.examples(example) that can illustrate the value f plenty f exercise. A passive attitude twards physical educatin tends 8.t make(make) students feel tired and, even wrse, faint in class, which des great harm t their health. It is hped that teachers can 9.flexibly(flexible) design and rganize sme interesting sprts 10.where everyne can be invlved. Please keep in mind that physical educatin can allw students t find their wn fun as well as enrich their schl life.
Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①我们的校长李华是一个品德高尚的人。
Our principal Li Hua is a man f nble virtue．
②他全部精力都贡献给了自己的事业，从来不抱怨工作的艰苦。
He devted all his energy t his career, never cmplaining abut the hard wrk．
③他乐于助人，经常帮助有困难的人渡过难关。
He is always ready t help thers and ften carries peple in need thrugh trubles．
④他工作了几十年，几个月前退休了。
He retired mnths ag after wrking fr decades.
⑤他仍精力充沛，愿意继续为我们学校做些力所能及的工作。
He is still energetic, and willing t d what he can fr ur schl.
⑥全体教职员工都非常尊敬他，而他确实值得尊敬！
All the teaching staff respect him very much and he is really wrthy f the respect!
Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Our principal Li Hua is a man f nble virtue. He devted all his energy t his career, never cmplaining abut the hard wrk. In additin, he is always ready t help thers and ften carries peple in need thrugh trubles. He retired mnths ag after wrking fr decades. But he is still energetic, and willing t d what he can fr ur schl. All the teaching staff respect him very much and he is really wrthy f the respect!
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
Step 2．续写练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
苏珊在车祸中受重伤昏迷了。在医院苏醒后，她发现自己双目失明。霎时，她觉得自己陷入了可怕的黑暗世界。她整天愁眉不展，以泪洗面。丈夫马克看到妻子的样子感到心如刀割。然而，他没有抱怨，而是非常细心地照顾她，决心帮她渡过难关。渐渐地，苏珊的紧张情绪得到缓解，绝望被信心所取代。她低声对丈夫说：“谢谢你，马克。是你帮我走出了困境。”
参考答案：
Susan fainted after getting badly injured in a car crash. When she regained cnsciusness in the hspital, she fund herself blinded in bth eyes. Fr a mment, she felt like she had been plunged int a scary dark wrld. She frwned all day lng, bathed in tears. Her husband Mark felt heartbrken when he saw what his wife was like. Hwever, rather than cmplaining, he tended t her with great care, determined t carry her thrugh the tugh times. Gradually, Susan's tensin was eased and despair was replaced by cnfidence. She whispered t her husband, “Thank yu, Mark. It is yu that have helped me ut.”
续写语料积累
背诵·句之美
欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2020·浙江7月)A yung male plar bear wh was playing in a nearby lake sniffed, and smelled ur garlic bread.
2．(心理描写)(2022·阜新市模拟)S many thughts were rushing thrugh my mind that I culd nt think straight.
3．(人物描写)(2022·汕头市模拟)She was ne f the friendliest peple in schl, with shiny black hair and a mile­wide smile.
(2022·南通市联考)Jrdan felt embarrassed, but he pretended nt t hear. He quickly paid fr all his gds and rushed ut f the supermarket, leaving the wman staring at him frm behind. He lked at his watch and imagined that he wuld make it with gd luck.
核心单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．illustrate vt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图
2．cmplain vi. & vt.抱怨；发牢骚
3．hire vt.聘任；雇用；租用n.租借；租用
4．tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于
5．publish vt.发表(作品)；出版
6．retire vi. & vt.退休；退职；退出
7．replace vt.接替；取代；更换
8．whisper vi. & vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
9．bite vt. & vi.咬；叮；蜇 n．咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤
10．harm n. & vt.伤害；损害
11．flexible adj.灵活的；可变通的
12．memry n．记忆力；回忆
1．Instead f wasting time cmplaining(cmplain) abut yur failure, try t find ut the reasn fr it.
2．Several fishermen sat n the wden barrels by the water, tending(tend) their nets.
3．If yu want t have yur writing published(publish) in ur magazine, please cntact us by email.
4．If yu dn't feel like giving up yur jb, just cnsider hiring(hire) a baby­sitter.
5．Many peple wrk during their lunch hur instead f taking a break, which definitely harms(harm) their health.
6．A custmer tk a washing machine in fr repair, nly t be tld it needed replacing/t be replaced(replace)．
7．CHRONOLOGICA is an infrmative and entertaining tur int histry, beautifully illustrated(illustrate) and full f unbelievable facts.
8．Yung maple trees getting bitten(bite) by insects send ut a particular smell that neighbring plants can get.
9．Wilsn, a retired(retire) engineer, has been ffering free rides t cllege students fr the past eight years.
10．His teacher, Thmas Whaley, is next t him, whispering(whisper) supprt.
派生单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．marry vt. & vi.结婚；娶；嫁；把……嫁给→marriage n．结婚；婚姻
2．respnd vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应→respnse n．反应；回答；回复
3．reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用→rejectin n．拒绝接受；否决
4．elect vt.选举；推选→electin n．选举；推选；当选
5．scare vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓→scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的 →scary adj.引起恐慌的
6．assist vt.帮助；协助；援助→assistance n．帮助；协助→assistant n．助手；助理；售货员
1．I kncked but there was n respnse at first, but a mment later there came a child's vice respnding t my knck at the dr.(respnd)
2．William is an assistant prfessr wh assists with his students' academic wrk and als prvides assistance in finding jbs.(assist)
3．Her demand was rejected ut f hand, since when she's been suffering the pain f rejectin．(reject)
4．The peple f Iran vted t elect a new president, wh delivered a televised speech shrtly after the electin．(elect)
5．Girls are usually scared f watching scary mvies, which will keep scaring them int screaming.(scare)
6．There were rumrs that they secretly btained a marriage certificate and married in Hng Kng later.(marry)
高频短语
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1．carry sb. thrugh sth.
帮助某人渡过难关
2．pass away
去世
3．in memry f
作为对……的纪念
4．trip ver
被……绊倒
5．in tears
流着泪；含着泪
6．in despair
处于绝望中
7．a great deal (f)
大量
1．She tripped ver smene's ft in the darkened cinema and almst fell.
2．After repeated failures, she gave up the attempt in despair．
3．It was family's supprt and his wn determinatin that carried him thrugh the crisis.
4．The Water­Sprinkling Festival is celebrated in memry f seven herines wh prtected the Dai peple.
5．The parents brke dwn in tears when they saw their lst child cming back.
6．He unfrtunately passed away last year due t his cancer, but he left a deep impressin n me.
原句结构辨识
写作佳句背诵
1．wuld rather d...
I'd rather stay single t study all my life.
小瑞秋提出给妈妈沏杯茶，但妈妈宁愿等爸爸来做。
Little Rachel ffered t make a cup f tea but Mum wuld rather wait fr Dad．(续写之人物描写)
2．whse引导的定语从句
Nthing gd can cme t a natin whse peple nly cmplain and expect thers t slve their prblems.
后座上放着一束花，汽车里弥漫着令人愉快的香味。
In the back seat sat a bunch f flwers, whse pleasant scent filled the car．(续写之场景描写)
用于情感描写的词汇
用于人物描写的词汇
scary; in tears；
cmplain; tensin；
despair
faint; tend t; carry sb. thrugh; replace；
whisper