人教版高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第4册UNIT3 SEA EXPLORATION课时学案

这是一份人教版高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第4册UNIT3 SEA EXPLORATION课时学案，共16页。


1 extend [课本义]vt.扩展；使伸长；延长 [增补义]v.提供；给予
①Bldness—a willingness t extend(extend) yurself t the extreme—is nt ne that can be acquired vernight.
②In pr families, meanwhile, children tend t spend their time at hme r with extended(extend) family.
③(2021·天津卷)China's Natinal Highway 318, extending(extend) ver 5，000 kilmeters frm Shanghai t Zhangmu, Tibet, is knwn as the “heavenly rad” fr its amazing views.
A cluster f sunshine cast ver the rad as if extending its encuragement and blessing t us(在给予我们鼓励与祝福)．
◎extend t...延长到……；扩展到……
◎extend by...延长了……
◎extend as far as the eye can see一望无际
◎extend sth. t sb.给某人提供某物
◎extend as far as the river一直延伸到河边
◎extend the kitchen by six feet把厨房扩大了6英尺
◎extend the deadline fr payment延长付款期限
◎an extended lunch hur延长了的午餐时间
2 withdraw [课本义]vi.& vt.(使)撤回；撤离 [增补义]v.退出；取款
①They insisted upn a withdrawal(withdraw) f the statement and a public aplgy.
②The drug was withdrawn(withdraw) frm sale sn after a number f peple suffered serius side effects.
③(2021·天津卷改)Henry was happy t withdraw frm scial life, seeking a harmnius relatinship with nature in the quietness f his life.
Just at that time, the wlf might have sensed the threat frm the peple and started t withdraw(开始撤退)．
◎withdraw (sb./sth.) frm(使某人/某物)撤离；收回；退出
◎withdrawal n．收回；撤走；取款
◎withdraw $100 frm my accunt从我的账户中取出100美元
◎be frced t withdraw frm the event被迫退出比赛
◎Germany's withdrawal frm the talks德国退出谈判
3 mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
①The sailrs were lst at sea, at the mercy f the winds and waves.
②She is a kind­hearted wman, wh always has mercy n children withut parents.
③When he was taken t hspital, his injuries were s severe that death wuld be a merciful(mercy) release.
The wman, trembling with cld, was struggling n the lnely, muddy rad while the merciless rain kept beating her hard(无情的雨水狠狠地击打在她的身上)．
◎shw mercy t sb.(＝shw sb. mercy)同情或怜悯某人
◎have mercy n sb.怜悯某人
◎withut mercy毫不留情地；残忍地
◎at the mercy f任……处置；任由……摆布；受制于
◎merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的
◎merciless adj.残忍的；无情的
◎have mercy n the hmeless怜悯无家可归的人
◎at the mercy f the fate听天由命
◎kneel dwn t beg fr mercy跪地求饶
4 pssessin n．个人财产；拥有；控制
①Yu cannt legally take pssessin(pssess) f the prperty until three weeks after the cntract is signed.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)All custmers travelling n TransLink services must be in pssessin f a valid ticket befre barding.
③Athens was mre like a cperative business pssessing(pssess) great wealth, in which all citizens had a right t share.
(普通表达)Having a gd state f mind is the first step t success.
(高级表达)Pssessing a gd state f mind is the first step t success.
◎in pssessin f占有；拥有；持有
◎in the pssessin f sb./in ne's pssessin为某人所有；在某人的控制下
◎take/gain/cme int pssessin f拥有；占有
◎pssess vt.(不用于进行时)拥有；具有；支配
◎the pssessin f a passprt持有护照
◎cme int pssessin f a vast frtune继承一大笔财产
◎ne f her mst treasured pssessins她最珍贵的财产之一
5 [教材原句]In ancient times, silk frm China fund its way verland t India, the Middle East, and Rme, alng what became knwn as the Silk Rad.在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是著名的“丝绸之路”。
①The fight tk place in what became knwn as the city's “triangle business zne”， but the reasn remains unclear.
②After walking dwn the grassy plains fr what seemed like hurs, I stpped and rested fr a while.
③After many days' vyage, they finally arrived in Australia, r what is ften infrmally referred t as “dwn under”．
We started the day driving fr hurs t the heart f the Andes alng what is knwn as the Avenue f the Vlcanes(沿着著名的火山大道)．
what引出的名词性从句常用作介词的宾语，在译成汉语时，虽然可译成“……的地方、时间”等，但不可用where或when来替换what。
This delicius tur ges thrugh the city n its way t Treasure Island where we will stp at what is called Winery SF.这趟美食之旅会穿越这座城市，前往金银岛，我们将停留在被称为“旧金山酒厂”的地方。
6 [教材原句]Over the centuries, further trading allwed mre explratin f the regins t the west f China, as recrded in Du Huan's Recrd f My Travels in the eighth century.几个世纪以来，随着贸易的不断发展，中国西部地区得到了更大的开发，这一点在8世纪杜环的《经行记》中有所记载。
①This shrt film questins whether Naplen died n the island f St. Helena in 1821 as recrded(recrd) in histry.
②Mre effrts, as reprted(reprt), will be made in the years ahead t accelerate the supply­side structural refrm.
③Hwever, as mentined previusly, time spent utdrs is gd fr bth adults and children.
Emperr Qinshihuang was a tall and handsme man with big eyes and thick eyebrws, as recrded in the histrical bk(据史料记载)．
as作“正如；就像”解时，一般引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个句子，但也常用于“as＋过去分词”结构，此时，过去分词多是表示“计划，想象，预料，叙述，描述，提及，显示，指出”等之类的动词，如：as shwn by this picture；as scheduled；as expected；as arranged；as mentined abve；as described in the stry；as recrded；as explained。
As expected, I gt a rasting, but I nw understand why I need discipline.不出所料，我被严厉批评了，但我现在明白了为什么我需要纪律。
7 [教材原句]Hpefully, as technlgy imprves, we may have mre ptins fr managing this balance.
随着技术的进步，我们有希望拥有更多的选择，来实现这种平衡。
①(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)As the summer mnths rll in, ur Gergian cuntry estate makes the perfect setting fr an utdr fitness sessin.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)As I grew(grw) lder and became a mther, the library tk n a new place and an added meaning in my life.
③Tday, with China playing a greater rle in glbal affairs, an increasing number f internatinal students are beginning t appreciate China's culture and histry.
As the days passed/With the days passing(日子一天天过去), Alice's frustratin munted and she felt a grwing sense f alarm.
as作“随着”解时是连词，用以引导时间状语从句。介词短语“with＋名词＋ding”是一个复合结构，有时可译为“随着”，可与as引导的时间从句互换。如：as technlgy develps“随着技术的发展”，可换成with technlgy develping。
With the financial crisis spreading acrss the glbe, mre and mre cmpanies are being in difficulty.
随着金融危机在全球蔓延开来，越来越多的公司正陷入困境。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The curses are based n a weekly tw­hur class, extending(extend) ver a perid f 25 weeks.
2．As yu can see, the withdrawal(withdraw) frm drug abuse is really tugh nce yu are addicted t drugs.
3．Silkwrms were first raised by a wman in what is tday Hebei Prvince, as recrded(recrd) in histry.
4．Accrding t Life in Likes, as children grew(grw), they became mre anxius t get mre public apprval.
5．Peple drank a kind f tea made frm leaves pssessing(pssess) a special chemical t reduce bdy pains and fever.
6．(2020·浙江7月)I learned a lt abut hw t extend(extend) the life f bjects and transfrm them int smething new and useful.
7．Here was a chance fr me t distinguish myself by inventing smething merciful(mercy) that wuld catch snakes but nt harm them.
8．There are several reasns t believe that the urges t help, infrm and share are nt taught, but naturally pssessed(pssess) in yung children.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)But as days passed, the arugula went bad.
2．Sn schl will cme t an end and the vacatin will be at hand.
3．He prmised t extend the deadline fr entry t the cmpetitin by 24 hurs.
4．Native peple lived in what is nw Canada fr thusands f years befre the first Eurpeans arrived.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Trading has grwn greatly in recent years, and will cntinue t d s in years t cme(cme)．
2．Frm a scientific(science) pint f view, there's an urgent need t study the Arctic in rder t understand climate change and its effects.
3．A study shws that thse brn in fall less prbably have a md f depressin, which may easily drive them t cry(cry)．
4．The ice sheet in the Arctic is melting at an alarming rate, arresting(arrest) the attentin f scientists wrldwide.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．When it cmes t cking, my wife is in a league f her wn.
2．(2020·江苏卷)Being gd at smething and having a passin fr it are nt enugh.
3．In rder t impress at a jb interview, yu need t bnd with the interviewer right away.
4．In his pinin, there's s much that peple can achieve with the right mtive and ambitin.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·全国乙卷)These days yu'd be hard pressed t find anyne in Australia ver the age f 15 wh desn't wn a mbile phne. B
A．被逼迫 B．很困难 C．坚持不懈
2．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Her husband wrked tw jbs t cver the bills，and her 68­year­ld mther helped take care f the children at times. A
A．支付 B．报道 C．覆盖
3．(2020·山东新高考模拟考试)I hnestly hpe it wn't be t lng befre I can put my feet n the grund belw and stand in a frest that will never be lgged. C
A．记录 B．行驶 C．采伐
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·全国乙卷)Fruit juices, milk­based drinks and mst alchlic drinks are free f the tax, as are small cmpanies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
本句是一个复合句，可简化为：Fruit juices, are free f the tax, as are small cmpanies...。句子的后半部分是as开头的倒装句，意为“……也一样”，与s引导的倒装句基本相同。另外，manufacturing...是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰cmpanies。
[尝试翻译]果汁、牛奶饮料和大多数酒类饮品都免除了这种税，每年生产量不足100万升的小公司也同样免税。
2．(2021·北京卷)Arguing is that yu and yur ppnent present yur cncerns and discuss the feelings and issues related t thse cncerns.
本句是一个复合句，可简化为：Arguing is that yu and yur ppnent present yur cncerns and discuss the feelings and issues...。句中的that引导一个表语从句，从句用了并列谓语 discuss...，后面的related t...是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰feelings and issues。
[尝试翻译]争辩就是你和辩方提出你们的担忧，并讨论与那些担忧相关的感受和问题。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
The expeditins f Zheng He's fleets t the western seas started in 1405, aimed 1.t enhance(enhance) the relatins between China and the rest f the wrld. The fleets extended the trading sea rute t the east cast f Africa, 2.where Zheng He and his men negtiated trade deals with African merchants and ryal families, 3.exchanging(exchange) china and tea fr gld and spices. Meanwhile, they defeated the attackers frm cuntries alng their rute by expliting advanced 4.weapns(weapn) in hand and arrested several merciless murders f civilians which happened in sme regins. Zheng's vyage, already 5.lgged(lg) in histry bks, brught peace and rder in thse areas and prmted the 6.reginal(regin) ecnmic grwth. Zheng's success might be a mixture f skill and gd luck, but the marine trade netwrk he established had been flurishing fr a whle century 7.until the Westerners came t the East. Zheng's expeditins lasted fr almst 30 years befre China 8.withdrew(withdraw) frm further explratins. The maritime channels it pened made 9.a turning pint fr China t start its bnd with ther cuntries by sea instead f previus rutes by land nly. Zheng's vyages met with universal applause, and till nw media 10.cverage(cver) f them is still seen frm time t time.
Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①1405年，郑和指挥几支大型舰队起航前往非洲的一些国家。
Several large fleets set sail fr sme African cuntries under Zheng He's cmmand in 1405.
②这条海上航线就是后世著名的海上丝绸之路。
This sea rute was what later became knwn as the Maritime Silk Rad．
③郑和与这些国家的富商进行了商谈，与他们进行了货物交易。
Zheng He negtiated with the wealthy merchants frm these cuntries, and sld and bught gds with them.
④一些拥有大量财产的王室家族，送给郑和很多稀有动物，作为友谊的象征来换取黄金、丝绸和香料。
Sme ryal families, wh had lts f pssessins, sent Zheng He many rare animals as symbls f friendship in return fr gld, silk and spices．
⑤尽管中国在1433年之后退出了进一步的探险，但这条航线现在仍然是世界上最活跃的海上航道。
Thugh China withdrew frm further explratin after 1433, this rute still remains t be the mst active channel in the wrld．
Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Several large fleets set sail fr sme African cuntries under Zheng He's cmmand in 1405. This sea rute was what later became knwn as the Maritime Silk Rad. Zheng He negtiated with the wealthy merchants frm these cuntries. In additin, he sld and bught gds with them. Sme ryal families, wh had lts f pssessins, sent Zheng He many rare animals as symbls f friendship in return fr gld, silk and spices. Thugh China withdrew frm further explratin after 1433, this rute still remains t be the mst active channel in the wrld.
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
Step 2．续写练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
上午9点，欢迎仪式开始。校长发表讲话，对新生们致以热烈欢迎。同时，他利用这个机会介绍了学校和校规，引发了认真关注。他说，每个人都应该与他人建立和谐的关系，对陷入困境的人表示同情。他强调，学校赞赏正常合理的竞争，但强烈反对不良的竞争。最后，他希望新生们在面对挑战时要努力前行，而不是退缩。
参考答案：
The welcme ceremny started at 9 'clck in the mrning. The schlmaster delivered a speech, extending a warm welcme t all freshmen. Meanwhile, he explited the pprtunity t intrduce the schl and its regulatins, which arrested serius attentin. He said that everyne shuld establish a harmnius bnd with thers and shw mercy t whever was in truble. He stressed that the schl applauded healthy cmpetitins but strngly ppsed the unhealthy nes. Finally, he hped that the freshmen wuld strive t mve n rather than withdraw when facing challenges.
续写语料积累
背诵·句之美
欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2022·武汉市调研考试)My little brther Tby immediately sped up and rushed t where Rubby was.
2．(心理描写)(2022·启东市联考)My heart was punding but I tried t put n a brave face.
3．(景物描写)(2022·南京市调研)Last Sunday, there was n dirt in the air, nly bright spring sunshine and a clear blue sky.
(2022·广州市三校联考)Walking acrss campus with every pair f eyes n yu can be embarrassing, especially when yu're 13 years ld. I lked arund me in desperate search f a friendly face, a smile, anything. I was quite disappinted, t say the least.
核心单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．withdraw vi.& vt.(使)撤回；撤离
2．bnd n．纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
3．applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏
4．tax vt.对……征税；使纳税 n．税；税款
5．murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n．谋杀；凶杀
6．lg vt.把……载入正式记录；记录 n．正式记录；日志；原木
7．arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
8．tale n．故事；叙述
9．ppnent n．反对者；对手；竞争者
1．Shuld the rich be heavily taxed(tax) in rder t help the pr?
2．He refused t withdraw(withdraw) his rude remarks made abut his bss and was dismissed frm the cmpany.
3．His effrts t imprve the situatin are well wrth applauding(applaud)．
4．Yesterday, five yung men were arrested(arrest) in cnnectin with ne f the attacks.
5．T this day, it's unclear whether he sht himself r was murdered(murder)．
6．The pliceman spent half an hur reading the details f the crime lgged(lg) in the cmputer.
7．“Babymn” is a perid f time that parents spend bnding(bnd) with a recently­brn baby.
派生单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extensin n．延长；扩大；延长期；延伸→extensive adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的
2．negtiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商→negtiatin n．协商；谈判
3．prfessin n．职业；行业→prfessinal adj.专业的；职业的
4．mix vt.& vi.(使)混合→mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物→mixed adj.混杂的；混合的
5．cver vt.报道；覆盖；盖；包括；涉及→cverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围
6．pssess vt.拥有；具有→pssessin n．个人财产；拥有；控制
1．T extend the range f services, we are building a tw­strey extensin t the hspital. Besides, extensive repair wrk is being carried ut.(extend)
2．The gallery pssesses a number f the artist's early wrks, which are cnsidered t be treasures in its pssessin．(pssess)
3．They have been negtiating abut the items f the cntract fr hurs，but the negtiatin desn't seem t g smthly.(negtiate)
4．A reprter frm CCTV is cvering the incident n the spt and it has als received wide cverage by many ther media.(cver)
5．He mixed the tw ingredients tgether in the bwl and the mixture tasted delicius.(mix)
6．(2022·全国甲卷)Thrughut her career as a prfessinal(prfessin) dancer, she tured in the UK.
高频短语
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1．in a league f ne's wn
独领风骚
2．withdraw frm
退出；撤回
3．in hand
在手头；可供使用
4．set sail
起航；开航
5．take actin
采取行动
1．The lawyer is cnfident t win the case because he has gt sme strng evidence in hand．
2．The president pulled back frces frm Mnglia, and he als demanded t withdraw frm Afghanistan.
3．In terms f glbal influence, China and the U．S. clearly stand in a league f their wn．
4．After the graduatin ceremny, we bid farewell t each ther and set sail fr an unknwn future.
原句结构辨识
写作佳句背诵
1．there's an urgent need t d sth.
Frm a scientific pint f view，there is an urgent need t study the Arctic in rder t understand climate change and its effects.
我以为，当下关注青少年的身心健康刻不容缓。
Frm my pint f view, there is an urgent need t fcus n the physical and mental health f adlescents.(应用文之演讲稿)
2．which引导的非限制性定语从句
The ancient sea rutes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Rad, which is part f the Belt and Rad Initiative.
风呼啸着，尘土飞扬，让人睁不开眼睛。
As the wind was hwling, dust was flying in disrder, which made peple unable t pen their eyes．(续写之景物描写)
用于场景描写的词汇
用于动作描写的词汇
meanwhile; bnd; mercy; applaud
extend; explit; arrest; ppse; withdraw