【学考复习】（新教材专用）2024年高中英语学业水平考试 专题讲解 专题03 代词- 讲义

这是一份【学考复习】（新教材专用）2024年高中英语学业水平考试 专题讲解 专题03 代词- 讲义，文件包含学考复习新教材专用2024年高中英语学业水平考试专题讲解专题03代词讲义原卷版docx、学考复习新教材专用2024年高中英语学业水平考试专题讲解专题03代词讲义解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共27页， 欢迎下载使用。
熟练掌握代词的句法功能和分类;
掌握代词的指代、主格、宾格和反身代词用法;
掌握常考的含有代词的固定短语意思;
掌握i作形式主语和宾语的用法;强调句it的用法。

代词分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。
人称代词主要有主格和宾格之别。请看下表：
物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。请看下表
3. 反身代词可见下表
指示代词有：this, that, these, thse
疑问代词有：wh, whm whse, what, which,
还有疑问副词：when, hw, where, why。
不定代词主要有：sme, any, many, much, each, neither, ther, anther, all, bth, ne, nne, either…
1. 物主代词的用法
形容词性物主代词：作定语，相当形容词，不能单独使用，后面必须加名词；
名词性物主代词：不作定语，相当名词词组，可单独使用，后面不须加名词。
如：Here is my sister. Her name is Jenny.（形容词性物主代词）
Is that cffee yurs r hers? (名词性物主代词)
2. 反身代词的用法
teach neself 自学
speak/say t neself 自言自语
by neself独自地
help neself t 随便吃……
enjy neself 玩得开心
make yurself at hme 请自便
3. 指示代词的用法: 主要有四个，即this, that, these 和 thse
1）指示代词分单数（this / that）和复数（these / thse）两种形式，既可作限定词又可做代词，例如：
单数 复数
限定词：This girl is Mary. Thse men are my teachers.
代 词：This is Mary. Thse are my teachers.
♣1, 为避免重复，可用 that 和 thse 代替前面提到的名词。如：
The playgrund f this schl is bigger than that f that schl.(that=the playgrund)
My seat is next t that f the mayr.
我的座位在市长座位旁边
♣2. 用来回指上文提到的事情时，可用this 或 that，但是若要指下文叙述的事情，通常要用 this .如：
——She is a beautiful girl.
——Wh said that?
I want t knw this: Is she beautiful?
♣3. 在打电话时，通常用 this 指自己，用that指对方：
Hell. This is Jim. Is that Jhn? 喂，我是吉姆，你是约翰吗?
4. 疑问代词的用法
疑问代词：wh, whm, whse, which, what等用于引出特殊疑问句。
注意：1. what与 which的用法区别：当选择的范围较明确时，用 which；当选择的范围不明确时，用 what。
如：Which clr d yu like, red, black r white? 红色、黑色和白色，你喜欢哪种？
What clr is yur car? 你的汽车是什么颜色的？
5. 不定代词的用法
1）定义：不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。
2）种类
英语中不定代词有：
sme（smething，smebdy，smene，smewhere），
any（anything，anybdy，anyne，anywhere）， n（nthing，nbdy，n ne），
every（everything，everybdy，everyne，everywhere），all，each，bth，much，many，(a)
little，(a) few，ther(s)，anther，nne，ne，either， neither等。
♣1. sme和 any的比较
不定代词sme，any都是“一些”的意思，都可和可数名词或不可数名词连用。
sme一般用于肯定句中；
any则用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中.
♣注意：在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中，通常要用 sme 而不用any。
如：Will yu lend me sme mney? 可以借些钱给我吗?
一、 人称代词
1.人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格，但应注意以下四种情况：
①作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中，或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用，常用宾格。
—Susan，g and jin yur sister cleaning the yard.
—Why me？Jhn is sitting there ding nthing.
②句子中代词作宾语或宾语补足语时，与所替代的名词在人称、数、格以及意义上一般要保持前后一致。
The thief was thught t be he.(the thief是主格，故用he替代)
They tk me t be her.他们误以为我是她。(me是宾格，故用her替代)
③作表语的人称代词一般用宾格，但在强调句型中，被强调部分代词的格不变。
I met her in the hspital.→It was her wh I met in the hspital.
④在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。如：He is taller than me(I).但在下列句中有区别：
I like Jack as much as her.＝I like bth Jack and her.
I like Jack as much as she.＝I like Jack and she likes him，t.
2.两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：
在并列主语中，＂I＂总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二 三 一(人称)。宾格me也一样。
Yu，she and I will be in charge f the case.
Mr. Zhang asked Li Hua and me t help him.
二、 物主代词
1.注意名词性和形容词性物主代词各自的语法功能。
2.ne’s wn...＝ ne’s wn句式的转换。
3.某些固定结构中常用定冠词代替物主代词。
take sb.by the arm，be wunded in the leg
三、 反身代词
1.反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。
2.反身代词和某些动词连用，构成固定短语。
devte neself t致力于
dress neself自己穿衣
enjy neself过得快活
feel neself觉得正常
3.反身代词还可用于某些成语中。
fr neself为自己；独立地
f neself自然地；自动地
by neself独自地
in neself本身

四、 相互代词(each ther，ne anther)
相互代词无人称、数和格的区别，在句中作宾语。其所有格分别为each ther’s，ne anther’s，作定语。
一般来说，each ther指两者之间，ne anther指三者或三者以上之间，但现在区分已不明显。
五、指示代词(this，that，these，thse，such，same)
指示代词具有形容词和代词两种词性，在句子中可以作定语、主语、宾语或表语等。
1.指示代词this(these)和that(thse)的区别。
①this(these)一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that(thse)常指时间或空间上较远的人或物。
This is my desk and that is yurs.
In thse days they culd nt g t schl.
②this常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用；that则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用。
I want t tell yu this：the English party will be held n Saturday afternn.
He hurt his leg yesterday. That’s why he didn’t cme.
③为了避免重复，常用that或thse代替前面已提过的名词。
The weather f Beijing is clder than that f Nanjing.
The ears f a rabbit are lnger than thse f a fx.
④this在电话用语中用于作自我介绍，that用于询问对方；this和that可以当副词用，意思相当于副词s。
Can hard wrk change a persn that much?
一、单项选择
1．（2022·山西晋中·高二校考学业考试）— Mum, where is my ftball? Have yu seen _______?
— Ftball? Oh, it’s in my car.
A．neB．themC．itD．any
2．（2022·内蒙古·高二统考学业考试）______ was difficult fr them t take time ff t celebrate the festival.
A．ItB．ThatC．ThisD．What
3．（2023春·河北·高二统考学业考试）Jack wanted t learn t play the pian by after a live cncert.
A．himB．hisC．heD．himself
4．（2023春·河北·高二统考学业考试）There are sme tall trees n side f the street. S yu will feel cl.
A．bthB．allC．neitherD．either
5．（2022·内蒙古·高二统考学业考试）________is really easy t get lst amng the twisting and turning Hutngs near the Palace Museum in Beijing.
A．ItB．ThatC．ThisD．What
6．（2022春·甘肃天水·高二天水市第一中学校考学业考试）—Whse camera is this? Is it ?
—N, it’s nt mine. It’s .
A．yu; himB．yurs; himC．yurs; hisD．yu; his
7．（2022春·甘肃天水·高二天水市第一中学校考学业考试）Dad tld us the price here was much lwer than in Lndn.
A．itB．thatC．thisD．ne
8．（2022春·甘肃天水·高二天水市第一中学校考学业考试）The gds ________n the Internet are cheaper than ________we buy in shps.
A．being bught; thatB．bught; thse
C．bught; thatD．be bught; thse
9．（2022春·甘肃天水·高二天水市第一中学校考学业考试）________ in the library regulatins that any bk brrwed shuld be returned by due time, r the brrwer will be fined.
A．What is requiredB．It is required
C．What requiresD．It requires
10．（2022秋·云南·高二统考学业考试）Many peple think ________ necessary t learn English.
A．thatB．themC．itD．yu
11．（2021秋·吉林·高二学业考试）________is apparent that we have made________.
A．It;prgressB．It; a prgressC．What; prgressD．What; a prgress
12．（2021秋·吉林·高二学业考试）The lnely by ften plays ftball with ________.
A．heB．hisC．himD．himself
13．（2021秋·湖南株洲·高一株洲市南方中学校考学业考试）There are tw trees in my backyard. One is a Chinese date tree. ______ is als a Chinese date tree.
A．The therB．OtherC．Anther
14．（2021秋·吉林·高二学业考试）My uncle prmised t buy a nice gift fr my birthday, ________ beynd my imaginatin.
A．whichB．thatC．smethingD．the ne
15．（2021秋·云南·高三学业考试）I’d appreciate _______________ if yu culd give me an early reply.
A．yuB．myselfC．itD．them
16．（2020秋·河北·高二统考学业考试）__________ is said that stress can cause illness.
A．ThatB．ItC．ThisD．What
17．（2020秋·河北·高三统考学业考试）The Internet has made ________ pssible fr us t keep in tuch with the wrld.
A．itB．thisC．thatD．ne
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
18．（2019春·福建·高三统考学业考试）Mr. Smith ften tells (他的) sn nt t depend n anybdy but himself.
19．（2021秋·云南·高三学业考试）I am always tld t d everything by (我自己). 三、用单词的适当形式完成句子
20．（2023春·广东佛山·高二统考学业考试）I thught strange that my teacher culd nt shw me lve.
1．_________ is ut f questin that China’s ecnmy will keep grwing fr 40 years.
2．It is estimated ________ ttal investment in the cuntry will cntinue t increase this year.
3．________seems bvius that evlutin shuld select fr larger brains.
4．The ld man has three sns, but nne f ________ is a dctr.
5．She was stuck at hme with nly her cmputer t keep ________ (she) cmpany.
6．A wealthy businessman came t ______(they) rescue with a generus dnatin.
7．The cmputers in yur ffice are mre expensive than________ in ur schl
8．Yu may rely n ________that they will supprt yu.
9．Like mst f girls, she lacks the sense f directins, s she always lse _________way in a new city.
10．He fund _________ difficult t wrk ut the prblem.
11．He gt a new haircut and gt ________ up in a suit, then headed fr the hall.
12．The man distinguished _________ (he) by his wisdm.
13．He had a gd disguise (伪装), but as sn as he spke he betrayed ________ (he).
14．When interacting with thers, peple shuld put ________ (they) in the ther persn’s psitin, regarding it as a cde f cnduct t live harmniusly with thers.
15．The dctr advised Vera strngly that she shuld take a hliday, but __________ didn’t help.
16．Instead f having t chse ne r the ther, we can benefit frm ________ f the appraches.
17．Peple shared their fd, ice, and gasline. Peple wh still had pwer pened their hmes t ______ wh had nne.
18．The difference between a man wh succeeds and ________ wh des nt lies nly in the way each treats pprtunities.
19．_________ is very cmmn fr students t be physically present in class，but mentally absent because they are using their mbiles.
20．Thse wh smke heavily shuld remind _______ f health, the bad smell and the feelings f ther peple.
21．She pened her arms wide and timidly I pened _______ and we hugged.
22．Althugh Rsemary had suffered frm a serius illness fr years, she lst _______ f her enthusiasm fr life.
23．________ f the three bys are willing t play with me, s I was alne.
24．The ancient Egyptians saw paradise as an idealized versin f _______ wn lives.
25．Readers are encuraged t cntinue explring the digital wrld with the guidance f________(we)Further Resurces sectin featured in each vlume.
26．“Did anyne lse a suitcase at the last stp?” A wman n the bus shuted, “Oh dear! It’s________(I).”
27．Unfrtunately, _________ tk the explrers and the settlers wh fllwed nly a few decades t decimate a large part f these resurces.
28．Later, ur jaws changed t an verbite structure (结构), making _________ easier t prduce such sunds.
29．But why are certain sunds mre cmmn than _________ (ther)?
30．Prducing fd that n ne eats wastes the water, fuel, and _________(anther) resurces used t grw it.
31．Andrew Reynlds, a cheerful fellw in _________ (he) early 30s, pilts Sydney ferrybats fr a living.
32．We can’t seem t make up _________ (we) minds whether we want a mdern city r a traditinal ________.
33．As Ginni Bazlintn reached Antarctica, she fund _________(her) greeted by a grup f little Gent penguins (企鹅) lnging t say hell.
34．It cmes after mre than half f sft drinks sld in shps have had _________(they) sugar levels cut by manufacturers(制造商)s they can avid paying the tax.
35．My mther ften tells me t behave ________ (I) n frmal ccasins and nt make a fl f myself.
36．N matter when I g t a pst ffice and n matter where the pst ffice is, I always find ________ (me) standing in a line behind smene wh has a lt f business t d.
37．I wish t thank Mr. Smith, and withut ________(he) help I wuld never have gt this far.
38．If yu want t g t the party with me, yu shuld behave ________(yu) well.
39．My father kept ________ (him) wrd and treated me t a wnderful sightseeing trip after I wn the cntest.
40．Hwever, he later finds ut that his father was a wizard, and that his mther was a witch, bth f ________(they)murdered by an evil wizard.
41．Participating in arts can encurage children t express ________ (they) in cnstructive ways.
42．Dn’t take________ fr granted that whatever yu see is true.
43．Absrbing ________(me) in practising English, I am able t speak English fluently.
44．_______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an internatinal language.
45．The main difference between ur brains and thse f mnkeys is that ________ (we) are bigger.
46．Her father was a dctr and threw ________ (he) int fighting the epidemic.
47．An average f just 18.75 cm f rain fell last year，making________the driest year since Califrnia became a state in 1850.
48．Data abut the mn’s cmpsitin culd help China decide whether _______ (it) plans fr a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.
49．D nt have a drink r take drugs t calm ____________ (yu) dwn.
50．I wuld appreciate __________ if yu can recmmend a pen pal t me.
数、格
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
yu
yu
yu
yur
第三人称
he
him
they
them
she
her
it
it
意义
类别
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他们的
形容词性
my
yur
his
her
its
ur
yur
their
名词性
mine
yurs
his
hers
urs
yurs
theirs
人称
数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
myself
yurself
himself/herself/itself
复数
urselves
yurselves
themselves