初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版九年级全册Section B学案

这是一份初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版九年级全册Section B学案，共7页。学案主要包含了单元语法，重点句型等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一般现在时态的被动结构及用法
一、概念理解
1. 时态：在英语语言中，时态主要讨论行为动词发生的时间。
如：He ften helps me with my English. 他经常帮助我学英语。（help这个动作经常发生ften；故用一般现在时）英语中常用的时态有：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时等等。
1. 语态：在英语语言中，语态主要讨论句子主语与行为动词的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
① 主语是动作的发出者(执行者)为主动语态。
如： Thetall by ften hits his classmates （主语by是谓语动词hit的发出者）。
② 主语是动作的接受者（承受者）为被动语态。汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成如： Chinese is spken by the mst peple in the wrld（主语Chinese是谓语动词speak的接受者）。
3 语态与时态的关系：在任何一个英语句子中都同时存在语态时态，他们是分析一个英语句子的两个主要元素。
如： ① He is lking after his sister at hme. （此句为现在进行时的主动语态结构）
② He isbeing lked after well by his parents. （此句为现在进行时的被动语态结构）
说明：我们以前所学的各种时态的结构其实都时主动语态的各种时态结构。
二、被动语态最基本的句型结构： be +及物动词过去分词
说明：①、be 有时态，人称和数的变化。
②、被动语态中的谓语动词必须是及物动词；因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者，某些短语动词如lk after, think f, take care f, wrkut, laugh at等，也可用于被动语态。
三、被动语态的使用
1. 当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。 “Mr. White, the cup with mixture wasbrken after class. ”(只是告诉老师杯子坏了，不知是谁弄坏的，或不想说出谁弄坏的)。
2. 突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。如：Thecup was brken by Paul.
3. 当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in + 名词作状语，而代替by 短语。
如：Thesecars were made in China.
四、主动语态变被动语态的变法：主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换
1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。
3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。
五、一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +dne
如： Tea isgrwn in Hangzhu. 杭州种植茶叶。
【重点句型】
My twn is famus fr… 我的城镇以…出名。
be famus fr… 以…出名\闻名 同义词组be knwn fr
Anxi is famus fr its tea.
China is knwn fr the Great Wall.
单项选择
( ) 1. The mst cmmn things, frm paper t clay t bamb, __________ bjects f beauty.
A. turn intB. turns intC. are turned intD. is turned int
( ) 2. After dying, they are fired at a very high heat and it _________ several weeks t cmplete everything.
A. spendsB. takesC. cstsD. pays
( ) 3. Tday, peple light the lanterns and watch them ________the sky with their wishes.
A. deal withB. rise intC. shw upD. send ut
( ) 4. We will fly a kite as sn as yur hmewrk ____________.
A. has finishedB. finishesC. will be finishedD. is finished
( ) 5.-----There's t much salt in the Chinese diet.
----S there is. The WHO says nly 1. 5 grams f salt _______fr each man every day.
A. is neededB. needsC. will need D. has needed
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6. Sme f the wrld’s greatest bks (write) lng ag.
7. Wd can be used (make) paper.
8. The pencil bx is used fr (hld) pens.
9. Kunqu Opera is (wide) thught t be ne f the symbls f Suzhu. Dn’t miss it during yur stay here.
10. We must be careful t avid (make) mistakes in the exam.
三、完成句子。
11. 你说的有道理。我们必须关注我们的牙齿健康。
Yu __________ __________ __________. We must pay attentin t the health f ur teeth.
12. 五四运动于1919年在北京爆发。
In 1919, the May 4th Mvement ___________ __________ in Beijing.
13. 吉尔无疑是那家医院最好的护士。
Jill is ___________ __________ the best nurse in that hspital.
14. 突然安迪家停电了。
____________ the electricity in Andy’s huse was ff.
15. 我错拿了她的连衣裙，因为它和我的相似。
I tk her dress ___________ __________ because it was similar t mine.
四、完形填空
D yu knw anything abut the inventin f the bar cde (条形码)?
A small fd stre wner fund it was 16 t keep recrds f the prduct infrmatin. In 1948, he asked the Drexel Institute f Technlgy t slve this 17 . Bernard Silver, a graduate student, was interested. He and his friend Nrman Jseph Wdland 18 t wrk n it. Sn, they invented their first wrking system (系统).
The system did wrk 19 , but it was very expensive and smetimes the system didn’t wrk well. If the inventin was t becme 20 in stres, the prblems had t be slved. Finally, Wdland slved 21 .
The patent (专利权) fr the bar cde system was 22 fr by Silver and Wdland in 1949, but the patent was nt given until 1952. 23 this patent was given, the system was still nt ppular amng stre wners.
In 1970, a business named Lgicn Inc. 24 he Universal Grcery Prducts Identificatin Cde (食品工业统一码). Marsh’s Supermarket in Try was the first stre t
25 this bar cde reading system. It has becme very ppular ever since, and nw it’s used in all types f stres all ver the wrld.
( )16. A. easy B. difficult C. interesting D. bring
( )17. A. plan B. prblem C. prject D. dubt
( )18. A. started B. cntinued C. refused D. failed
( )19. A. at first B. fr example C. n time D. in persn
( )20. A. lively B. cheap C. direct D. ppular
( )21. A. it B. him C. her D. them
( )22. A. asked B. ffered C. made D. divided
( )23. A. Unless B. Althugh C. If D. Since
( )24. A. fund B. mentined C. invented D. remained
( )25. A. give up B. put up C. set up D. clean up
五、阅读理解七选五
China has accepted Western fashin and technlgy as it has develped these years, but a lt f yung peple are turning t the past fr their clthes chices. 26. .
As the gvernment encurages the renaissance(复兴) f traditinal culture, Hanfu is getting mre and mre ppular with the teenagers. 27. . These shws bring us back t the Han Dynasty. We learn mre abut the histry, culture and beauty frm them.
Hanfu hasn't been in the same style since the Han Dynasty. 28. . They all have large sft rbes(袍子), with sleeves that hang dwn t the knees, s the hands can't be seen.
Accrding t CNN, Chinese Hanfu culture has becme a new trend amng Chinese yung peple. 29. . In mdern China, Hanfu fans are in all fields: frm histry fans t cartn fans, t students and even prfessinals.
“Clthes are the basic part f culture, 30. ,” said Zhang Jun, a famus reprter. “If the peple and the cuntry d nt even understand ur traditinal clthes r dn't wear them, hw can we talk abut ther imprtant parts f ur culture?”
六、语法填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
There are many prducts in my hme. Sme are electric machines, such as fridges, electric fans, TVs and cmputers. Others are furniture(家具), 31. sfas, tables and beds. These machines and furniture are made 32. different materials and they were made in different places.
The washing machine is 33. (main) made f plastic and steel. It 34. (be) made in Qingda, Shandng. The brand f the machine is “Haier”. It's 35. (knw) all ver the wrld. My electric bike is green. It was 36. (buy) fur years ag. It still wrks 37. (gd). 38. ________ (it) brand name is “Green Surce(绿源)”. It was made in Jinhua. And my TV set was 39. __________(prduce) by TCL Cmpany. The sfas are made f clth r leather. And sme f them are made f wd. The tables are made f wd r steel. The beds are made f wd, 40. .
________ 32.________ 33.________ 34.________ 35._________
36.________ 39.________ 40._________
一、单项选择
1-5CBBDA
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.were written 7.t make 8.hlding 9.widely 10.making
三、完成句子
11. have a pint 12. tk place 13. withut dubt
14. All f a sudden / Suddenly 15. by mistake
完形填空
16-2BBAAD 21-25DABCC
阅读理解七选五
26-30 FEGAC
语法填空
31.like 32.f 33.mainly 34.was 35.knwn 36.bught 37.well
38.Its 39.prduced 40.t
A. Mre and mre yung peple put n Hanfu and g t the streets t shw peple Hanfu culture
B. Mre and mre yung peple put n Hanfu t shw that they are different frm thers
C. s bth the traditinal clthes and mdern clthes play the same rle in culture
D. because Hanfu culture has spread t ther cuntries fr a lng time
E. Every year, we can enjy different Hanfu shws arund the cities
F. They are putting n traditinal “Hanfu”
G. Hwever, this kind f clthes has smething in cmmn