高中英语2024届高考复习基础核心词汇讲解与练习（共两组）

这是一份高中英语2024届高考复习基础核心词汇讲解与练习（共两组），共6页。

【重点字词解析】
1.freshman/ˈfreʃmən/n.(especially NAmE)(中学)九年级学生；(大学)一年级新生
2.senir/ˈsi:niə(r)/adj.(级别、地位等)较高的；年长的n.较年长者senir high schl (美国)高中
3.junir/ˈdʒu:niə(r)/adj.地位(或职位、级别)低下的n.职位较低者；(体育运动中)青少年
4.challenge/ˈtʃæləndʒ/n.挑战；艰巨任务vt.怀疑；向……挑战
5.cnfusing/kənˈfju:zɪŋ/adj.难以理解的；不清楚的cnfused/kənˈfju:zd/adj.人感到糊涂的；迷惑的
6.carefully英/'keəfəlɪ/美/ˈkɛrfəlɪ/adv.仔细地；小心翼翼的；诚惶诚恐地；颇有分寸地
7.curse英/kɔːs/美/kɔːrs/n.(有关某学科的系列)课程，讲座；(大学中要进行考试或取得资格的)课程；(船或飞机的)航向，航线v.快速地流动；奔流第三人称单数：curses 复数：curses 现在分词：cursing 过去式：cursed
8.adviser英/ədˈvaɪzə(r)/美/ədˈvaɪzər/n.顾问；提供意见者复数：advisers
9.suitable/ˈsu:təbl/adj.适合的；适用的suitable fr 对…… 适合的
10.chemistry英/ˈkemɪstri/美/ˈkemɪstri/n.化学；物质的化学组成(或性质)；(常指有强烈性吸引力的)两人间的关系复数：chemistries
11.fluent/'flu:ənt/ adj.(尤指外语)流利的；熟练的
12.graduate/'ɡrædʒʊeɪt/
vi.& vt.毕业；获得学位/'ɡrædʒʊət/n.毕业生
13.recmmend/rekəˈmend/vt.建议；推荐；介绍
14.sign up ( fr sth) 报名(参加课程)
15.advanced/ədˈvɑ:nst/ adj.高级的；高等的；先进的advance/ədˈvɑ:ns/n.前进；发展vi.前进；发展vt.发展；促进
16.literature/ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)/ n.文学；文学作品
17.extra-curricular/'ekstrə kə'rɪkjələ(r)/ adj.课外的；课程以外的
18.cach英/kəʊtʃ/美/kʊtʃ/n.(体育运动的)教练；私人教师；(多指)考前辅导教师；长途汽车；长途客车v.(对体育运动、工作或技能进行)训练，培养，指导；辅导(尤指为让学员参加考试)；指示;特殊指导；专门传授第三人称单数：caches 复数：caches 现在分词：caching 过去式：cached 过去分词：cached
19.bviusly/ˈɒbviəsli/adv.显然地；明显地
20.imprve英/ɪmˈpruːv/美/ɪmˈpruːv/v.改进；改善
21.vlunteer英/ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/美/ˌvɑːlənˈtɪr/n.义务工作者；志愿者；自告奋勇者；主动做某事的人；志愿兵；义勇兵v.自愿做；义务做；无偿做；主动建议(或告诉)；自愿参军；当志愿兵
22.instead英/ɪnˈsted/美/ɪnˈsted/adv.代替；顶替；反而；却
23.sup英/suːp/美/suːp/n.汤；羹v.使振作；打扮;竖起
24.hmeless英/ˈhəʊmləs/美/ˈhʊmləs/adj.无家的；无家可归的人们
25.cmmunity英/kəˈmjuːnəti/美/kəˈmjuːnəti/n.社区；社会；团体；社团；界；共享；共有
26.respnsible英/rɪˈspɒnsəbl/美/rɪˈspɑːnsəbl/adj.有责任；负责；承担义务；应受责备；作为原因；成为起因
27.advanced英/ədˈvɑːnst/美/ədˈvænst/adj.先进的；高级的；高等的；(发展)晚期的，后期的v.(为了进攻、威胁等)前进，行进；(知识、技术等)发展，进步；促进；推动advance的过去分词和过去式
28.prepared英/prɪˈpeəd/美/prɪˈperd/adj.准备好；有所准备；愿意；事先做好(或写好等)的v.使做好准备；把…预备好；使(自己)有准备；防范；预备(饭菜)；做(饭)prepare的过去分词和过去式
29.university英/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/美/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːrsəti/n.(综合性)大学；高等学府
30.future 英/ˈfjuːtʃə(r)/美/ˈfjuːtʃər/n.将来；未来；未来的事；将来发生的事；前景；前途；前程adj.将来的；未来的；将来发生的
【阅读针对性训练】
Summer Prgrams fr Teens
University f Maryland: TERP Yung Schlars
This prgram is the perfect summer camp fr academically talented teenagers wh want t pursue academic interests, explre career pprtunities, and discver cllege life at the University f Maryland.
During three weeks f intellectual explratin, teens can study with students wh share similar interests, and cmmunicate with sme f the universits best teachers.
Upn successful cmpletin, students can earn three cllege credits.
Carpe Diem: The University-bund Adventure
Carpe Diem supprts bth American and internatinal students in applying t a university by prviding private cnsultatin.This 2-week experience als includes turs f famus East Cast universities.Students will als have the pprtunity t build their resumes(简历) by wrking with writing experts.
Great Bks Summer Prgram
This is a lively, warm and welcming summer camp cmmunity f utstanding teens, wh lve literature and ideas.In the past eleven years, it has gathered middle and high schl students frm acrss the wrld t read selectins frm the greatest wrks f literature, experience heated discussins and enjy summer camp fun with ther literary-minded students.Participants can gain cnfidence in their ability t read a text clsely and express their ideas clearly bth verbally and in writing.
Zeal Travel
We ffer ur teens tw-week and three-week lng trips t Hawaii, Alaska, Australia and Spain.All trips include 1525 hurs f cmmunity service activities.
Depending n yur trip f chice, yull be helping Hawaiians prtect their frest ecsystem, caring fr dgs in Spain, wrking with Habitat fr Humanity, and much mre.Every trip als includes exciting utdr activities like surfing, driving, ice-climbing, hiking and mre.The pssibilities are endless and there is a zeal trip fr every interest.
1.Which prgram ffers students the pprtunity t develp academic interests?
A.Carpe Diem.
B.Zeal Travel.
C.University f Maryland.
D.Great Bks Summer Prgram.
2.What can students d in Great Bks Summer Prgram?
A.Learn hw t write stries.
B.Attend a campus cultural event.
C.Make friends with famus writers.
D.Read and discuss the great wrks f literature.
3.What is special abut Zeal Travel?
A.It includes a lt f thrilling utdr activities.
B.It prvides cmmunity service fr students.
C.It ffers students exciting free trips.
D.It will last 3 weeks.
【参考答案】CDA
（二）
【重点字词解析】
1.hnur 英 [ˈɒnə(r)]美[ˈɑːnər]
n.尊敬；尊重；崇敬；荣幸；光荣；正义感；道义；节操
v.尊敬，尊重(某人)；给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)；信守，执行(承诺)
2.glry英 [ˈɡlɔːri]美[ˈɡlɔːri]
n.荣誉；光荣；桂冠；(对上帝的)赞颂，赞美，崇拜；壮丽；辉煌；灿烂
v.夸耀；得意
3.cach英 [kəʊtʃ]美[kʊtʃ]
n.(体育运动的)教练；私人教师；(多指)考前辅导教师；长途汽车；长途客车
v.(对体育运动、工作或技能进行)训练，培养，指导；辅导(尤指为让学员参加考试)；指示；特殊指导；专门传授
4.vlleyball英 [ˈvɒlibɔːl]美[ˈvɑːlibɔːl] n.排球运动
5.medal英 [ˈmedl]美[ˈmedl] n.奖章；勋章
v.(在比赛中)获得奖牌(或奖章)
第三人称单数：medals 复数：medals 现在分词：medaling 过去式：medaled 过去分词：medaled
6.champinship
英 [ˈtʃæmpiənʃɪp]美[ˈtʃæmpiənʃɪp]
n.锦标赛；冠军地位
复数：champinships
7.abrad
英 [əˈbrɔːd]美[əˈbrɔːd]
adv.在国外；到国外；广为流传；在室外；到室外；户外
8.prepare fr
英 [prɪˈpeə(r) fɔː(r)]美[prɪˈper fɔːr]
准备；为…作准备；为…做准备
9.determinatin
英 [dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃn]美[dɪˌtɜːrmɪˈneɪʃn]
n.决心；果断；坚定；(正式)决定，确定，规定；查明；测定；计算
10.test
英 [test]美[test]
n.测验；考查；(医疗上的)检查，化验，检验；试验；测试
v.测验；考查；试验；检查；化验；检验；测试
11.injured
英 [ˈɪndʒəd]美[ˈɪndʒərd]
adj.受伤的；有伤的；受伤的人；伤员；伤兵；委屈的；受到伤害的
v.(尤指在事故中)伤害，使受伤；损害，伤害(名誉、自尊等)
injure的过去分词和过去式
12.captain
英 [ˈkæptɪn]美[ˈkæptɪn]
n.船长；机长；(海军)上校；(陆军或美国空军的)上尉；首领；领导者；(尤指运动队的)队长
v.担任…的队长(或船长)
13.challenge
英 [ˈtʃælɪndʒ]美[ˈtʃælɪndʒ]
n.挑战；艰巨任务；挑战书；(比赛等的)邀请，提议；质询；质疑；提出异议
v.对…怀疑(或质疑)；拒绝接受；向(某人)挑战；(尤指在对方不情愿时)强烈建议(某人做某事)；考查…的能力；考验…的技巧
14.lse heart
英 [luːz hɑːt]美[luːz hɑːrt]
失去信心；灰心；泄气
15.tw weeks later
英 [tuː ˈwiːks ˈleɪtə(r)]美[tuː ˈwiːks ˈleɪtər]
两周后
16.Brazil
英 [brəˈzɪl]美[brəˈzɪl]
n.巴西；巴西坚果
17.ft
英 [fʊt]美[fʊt]
n.(人或动物的)脚，足；有…脚(或足的)；有…只脚(的)；用…脚(或足的)；(袜子的)足部
v.走，踏；合计，结算(up)，加(t)，支付
第三人称单数：fts 复数：feet 现在分词：fting 过去式：fted 过去分词：fted
18.graceful
英 [ˈɡreɪsfl]美[ˈɡreɪsfl]
adj.优美的；优雅的；雅致的；(尤指在困境中)得体的，有风度的
19.mve
英 [muːv]美[muːv]
v.(使)改变位置，移动；变化；改变；转变；前进；进步；进展
n.行动；移动；活动；改变；转变；动摇
20.jump
英 [dʒʌmp]美[dʒʌmp]
v.跳；跃；跳跃；跳过；跃过；跨越；快速移动；突然移动
n.跳；跃；跳跃；(比赛中需跳过的)障碍物；突升；猛涨；激增
第三人称单数：jumps 现在分词：jumping 过去式：jumped 过去分词：jumped
21.impressive
英 [ɪmˈpresɪv]美[ɪmˈpresɪv]
adj.令人赞叹的；令人敬佩的
22.mental
英 [ˈmentl]美[ˈmentl]
adj.思想的；精神的；思考的；智力的；精神病治疗的；精神健康的；疯狂；发疯
23.strength
英 [streŋθ]美[streŋθ]
n.体力；力气；力量；强度；毅力；坚强决心；意志力量
24.unique
英 [juˈniːk]美[juˈniːk]
adj.唯一的；独一无二的；独特的；罕见的；(某人、地或事物)独具的，特有的
25.secnd
英 [ˈsekənd , sɪˈkɒnd]美[ˈsekənd , sɪˈkɑːnd]
det./rd.第二(的)；(重要性、规模、质量等)居第二位的；另外的；外加的
adv.以第二名；以第二位；(用于列举)第二，其次
n.秒(时间单位)；片刻；瞬间；秒(角度单位)
v.支持，赞成(主意、建议等)；附议
v.临时调派；短期调任
26.secret
英 [ˈsiːkrət]美[ˈsiːkrət]
adj.秘密的；保密的；外人不得而知的；(指行为与习惯)暗中进行的，未公开的，隐秘的；诡秘；神秘
n.秘密；机密；诀窍；秘诀；奥秘；奥妙
27.accept
英 [əkˈsept]美[əkˈsept]
v.收受；接受(建议、邀请等)；(认为合适或足够好而)接受；同意；认可
28.practise
英 [ˈpræktɪs]美[ˈpræktɪs]
v.练习；实习；训练；经常做；养成…的习惯；从事(医务工作、法律专业等)；执业
29.share
英 [ʃeə(r)]美[ʃer]
v.共有；合用；分配；分摊；分享；共享
n.(在若干人之间分得的)一份； (在多人参加的活动中所占的)一份；正常的一份；可接受的一份
30.Chicag
英 [ʃɪˈkɑːgəʊ]美[ʃəˈkɑˌgʊ]
n.芝加哥桥牌；芝加哥(在美国中西部；为美国第二大城)
【阅读针对性训练】
A primary schl principal in nrth China has becme the latest Internet celebrity fr leading sme cl mves during a mrning exercise rutine with his students.
Every mrning, 40-year-ld principal Zhang Pengfei at Xiguan Primary Schl in Linyi Cunty, Shanxi Prvince wuld lead abut 700 pupils in the playgrund in a synchrnised ghst shuffle rutinea dance that incrprates cntemprary jazz steps with heel, te and arm mvements.The bld headmaster thught the fun and energetic exercise rutine wuld better encurage students t get active instead f being glued t their mbile phnes.
The schls new 30-minute dance rutine has replaced the gvernment-impsed bradcast callisthenics prgramme, a shrt wrkut that has been a requirement at every primary, middle and secndary schl in China since 1951.I thught we needed a change because the students have been lsing interest in ding the bradcast callisthenics rutine, Zhang tld the Suthern Metrplis News.
The dedicated principal said he came acrss a grup f peple ding the “ghst shuffle” rutine at a public plaza last summer and decided t learn the dance himself.“I thught the dance wuld be great fr kids,” he said.“The music is full f energy and it really gets the happy feeling f flwing.” In Octber, he intrduced the chregraphed(编排的)rutine t all f his students and shrtly after, even teachers and staff were jining in.“Nw the students aren’t cnstantly n their phnes.I smetimes catch them watching different dance rutine vides and learning new mves!”the prud headmaster tld reprters.
The vide quickly went arund n Chinese scial media, with a Weib tpic page titled principal leads students in ghst dance rutine gathering 250 millin views.This is perhaps the best adaptatin f sprt and entertainment fr children, a cmment n Weib read.
1.What can we knw frm the passage?
A.Zhang Pengfei is a primary schl principal in suth China.
B.Xiguan Primary Schls new 30-minute dance rutine is bth fun and energetic.
C.Ding the bradcast callisthenics rutine is nly required at primary schls in China.
D.Few peple shwed interest in Zhang Pengfeis ghst dance rutine vide n Weib.
2.What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A.Peple hld a critical attitude twards the adaptatin.
B.Peple hld an indifferent attitude twards the adaptatin.
C.Peple hld a negative attitude twards the adaptatin.
D.Peple hld a supprtive attitude twards the adaptatin.
3.Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A.A famus primary schl principal:Zhang Pengfei
B.Traditinal callisthenics prgrammes in China
C.A Chinese principal leads students in a ghst shuffle rutine
D.An Internet celebrity in China
4.Frm which part f a magazine can we read this passage?
A.Agriculture. B.Technlgy. C.Ecnmy. D.Educatin.
【参考答案】BDCD