Unit11-Unit14(词汇,短语,句型,语法,写作复习+基础练习)(人教新目标版)-九年级英语全一册期末复习
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这是一份Unit11-Unit14(词汇,短语,句型,语法,写作复习+基础练习)(人教新目标版)-九年级英语全一册期末复习,文件包含Unit11-Unit14词汇短语句型语法写作复习+基础练习人教新目标版原卷版-九年级上册期末复习docx、Unit11-Unit14词汇短语句型语法写作复习+基础练习人教新目标版解析版-九年级上册期末复习docx等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共53页, 欢迎下载使用。
一.词性变化
1: drive. v.开车;驱动,迫使→ . n.司机;驱动→ . adj.驱动的
2: late. adj.迟到的,晚的→ . adv.最近地,就近地→ . adj.最近的
3: friend. n.朋友→ . n.友谊→ . adj.友善的→ . adj.不友善的→ . n.友善,善意
4: pwer. n.权力,力量→ . v.给予…..权力→ adj.有权的,有权力的→ . adv.有权力地
5:fame. n.名誉,名声 → . adj.著名的,出名的
6: bank. n.银行→ . n.银行家
7: examine. v.(仔细地)检查,检验→ . n.考试,检查
8: wealth. n.财富,富有→ . adj.富有的,有钱的
9: weight. n.重量,分量→ . v.称重
10: cmfrtable. adj舒适的,使人舒服的→ . adv舒服地,舒适地→ .adj不舒适的→ . adv不舒适地→ . n舒适,安逸→ . n安慰,慰藉
11: shulder. n.肩膀→ . v.承担,肩负
12: beside. adv.在….旁边→ . adv.除….之外(包括在内);而且
13: curage. n.勇气,勇敢→ . v.鼓励→ . n.鼓励,鼓舞→ . adj.鼓励性的,振奋人心的
14: relief. n.轻松,解脱→ . v.放松,使…释怀→ . adj.放松的,如释重负的,轻松的
15: agreement. n.(意见或看法)一致,同意→ . v.同意→ . v.不同意,不赞成→ . n.分歧,不一致,不同意
16: disappint. v.使失望,使沮丧→ . adj.令人沮丧的,令人失望的→ . adj.人感到沮丧的,人感到失望的→ . n.失望,沮丧
二.重点句子
*1.make sb. sth.使某人做某事
*2. sth.被迫做某事
*3.make sb. 使某人困倦
d sth.than d sth.
=wuld d sth. d sth.宁愿做某事也不愿做某事
*5.make/drive sb.crazy/mad使某人发疯
6.have a lt 有很多共同之处
*7.feel 感到被忽略
8. ur friendship 使我们的友谊更坚固
9. 感觉想吃
*10. as (脸色)如粉笔一样白
*11.cry fr 无缘无故地哭
12. t examine sb.被叫来给某人做检查
13. with ne's bdy某人的身体没问题
14.the f a happy 一件快乐人的衬衫
15.be abut ne's pwer担心失去权力
16.try t ne's 试图取代某人的位置
*17.a 一个宫廷歌手
*18.be by 被其他人跟着
*19.the king's tp 国王的大将军
*20.in days' 在三天之内
21. the exam well考试出色
*22. unhappy 永远保持不开心
23.a with and mney一个有权有钱的人
24, three days寻找了三天
25. 即使
*26.a heavy n his 他肩上有很重的负担
27, hme 独自走回家
28.the day f his 他一生中最糟糕的一天
29.miss that gal没把球射进
*30. sb. 让某人失望
31. 一…就……
32. the dr走过门
*33.be all his face写满了他的整张脸
34. wrd没有再说什么
*35. the dr敲门
36. yur teammates和你的队友交流
37. 关于……感到抱歉
*38. 使某人解脱的是
*39. in 点头赞同
40. sth.为做某事感到很幸运
*41.n a team在胜利之队
42. a big grup f peple在一大群人面前
43.yur first trip yur hmetwn你离开家乡的第一次旅行
44.n days在雨天
三.重点句子
*1.The mvie was it made Tina and Amy .电影如此悲伤以至于蒂娜和埃米都哭了。
*2. I get t knw Julie, I realize that we have a lt .我了解朱莉越多,就越意识到我们有很多共同之处。
3. medicine rest can help him.药物和休息都帮不了他。
*4.Mney and fame dn't always peple .金钱和名誉并不总能使人开心。
*5. it was,dn't be hard n yurself.无论什么事,都不要对自己太苛刻。
6.The ther half is learning hw t yur teammates and learning frm yur .另一半是学会如何与队友交流,并从你的错误中吸取教训。
*7.The next day,Peter went t sccer with rather fear in his heart.第二天,彼得并没有害怕,而是勇敢地去参加足球训练。
8.It's never just ne .这从来不是一个人的错。
9.It made him feel t knw that he was n a team.知道他在一个走向胜利的球队中,这使他感到幸运。
10.Speaking many peple makes him feel .在很多人面前演讲使他感到紧张。
四.语法精讲
make的使役用法
make作为及物动词,有一种特殊用法,即“使役用法”,在表示“使某人/某物做什么/怎么样”时,其后除了要有一个“宾语”之外,还要求宾语后面带上一个宾语补足语,整个句子才算完整,这种“宾语+宾语补足语”的结构是英语简单句的五种基本句型之一,其具体用法如下:
1.“make+名词/代词+形容词(短语)”意为“使某人/某物(感到)……”。make是谓语动词,名词/代词是make的宾语,后面的形容词(短语)在此作宾语补足语。如:
Drinking cffee can make me energetic.喝咖啡能让我充满活力。
2.“make+名词/代词+动词原形”意为“使某人/某物做某事”,此处的动词原形是省略t的不定式,也作宾补。如:
Cludy days make me want t sleep.多云的天气使我想睡觉。
The teacher made her cpy the whle text.老师让她抄写整篇课文。
【注意】如果将此类句型改为被动语态,主动语态中的宾补,即不带t的不定式,应改为带t的不定式作主语的补足语。如:
The bss made him wrk fr 15 hurs a day.变为被动语态应为:He was made t wrk fr 15 hurs a day by the bss.
3.“make+名词/代词+名词(短语)”意为“使某人/某物(变成)……”,名词(短语)作宾补。如:
We made him ur mnitr.我们选他当我们的班长。
4.“make+宾语+过去分词”意为“使某人/某事被……”。宾语补足语是过去分词时,宾语是过去分词的逻辑宾语,宾语与过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。如:
We must make it dne in tw hurs.我们必须在两个小时内做完这件事。
5.“make+宾语+现在分词”意为“使某人/某事一直……”。现在分词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。如:
He makes the by standing all the time.他让那个男孩一直站着。
语法精练
Ⅰ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.We must make cmputers (serve) us better.
2.I am ften made (d) sme husewrk.
3.I just culdn't make myself (understand) while talking t a freigner.
4.The news made me (surprise).
5.Sccer makes him (excite).
五.话题写作
假如你所在中学的校刊近期开辟英文专栏,征集发生在大家身边的感人故事。请根据以下提示及要求,为该专栏投稿。
提示:
(1)在一个寒冷的早晨,你买早餐时看到前面的女孩买了面包和牛奶。
(2)女孩要离开时,发现树下有一个老年乞丐,他看上去又冷又饿。
(3)女孩走到乞丐身旁,把食物递给了他。
(4)乞丐向女孩道谢,女孩微笑着离开。
(5)你很感动……
参考词汇:乞丐 beggar;感动 be mved
要求:(1)词数:80~100。(2)要点齐全,行文连贯,可适当发挥。
思路点拨
组句成篇
On a cld mrning,while I was buying sme fd fr my breakfast,I saw a girl buying sme bread and milk__1__(在我前面).When the girl __2__(将要离开),she fund there was a pr beggar under the tree,wh lked cld and hungry.__3__(没有多想),the girl went ver t the beggar and ffered her fd t him.The beggar was s thankful t the girl and kept saying “thank yu”.The girl said nthing and went away __4__(带着微笑).
At that mment,__5__(我被深深感动) by that.I thught it was the warmest thing n that cld mrning.
Unit 12
一词性变化
1: expect. v预期,预料→ . n期望,预计→ . adj预料→ . adj出乎预料的,意想
不到的→ . adv出乎意料地
2: blck. n.街区→ . v.阻碍,妨碍;堵住
3: wrker. n.工作者,工人→ . n/v.工作
4: believe. v相信,认为可能→ . v不相信→ . n怀疑,不相信→ . adj不可思议的,
不敢相信的→ . adv不可思议地
5: burn. v.着火,燃烧→ . adj.着火的,燃烧的
6: embarrassed. adj.人感到窘迫的,害羞的,尴尬的→ . adj.令人尴尬的,窘迫的→ . n.尴尬,窘迫,难堪
7: annunce. v.宣布,宣告→ . n.发布,宣布
8:discvery. n.发现,发觉 → . v.首次发现,发掘
9:disappear. v.消失,不见 → . n. 消失→ . n.出现→ .v.出现
二.重点短语
A Mving Stry
要点提示
素材串联
时间
n a cld mrning
人物
a girl and a beggar
故事情节
bught bread and milk
ffered the fd t the beggar
said nthing and went away with a smile
感受
was mved deeply;it was the warmest thing
1. 充满;装满
2. sth. sp.把某物留在某地
3. class上课迟到
4. 发出响声
5. 穿上
6. the dr冲出门
*7. 即将
8.tw blcks east my 离我办公室向东两个街区
9. 尽管
*10. in with sb.和某人排队等候
*11. 难以置信地
*12. sth.盯着某物
*13.g t the airprt直接去机场
14. a gd thing转变成一件好事
*15. .出发前往……
16. the market从市场回来
17. the schl day学校放学时
18. 穿好衣服
19. 熬夜
*20. him t a party邀请他去化装舞会
*21. April Fl'sDay在愚人节
*22.play all kinds f n each ther互相开各种玩笑
23. sth.停止做某事
24.buy much spaghetti they culd尽可能多地买意大利面条
*25. 被卖完
*26.the f..……的发现
*27、help peple 帮人们减肥
28. sth.以做某事结束
*29.be 被取消
30. n the earth登陆地球
31. peple数百人
*32. the whle cuntry在整个国家传播
*33.the 最不可信的
*34. 从……逃走
35.the mst jke最令人窘迫的笑话
36.the day f my life我一生中最不幸的一天
37. 掉转头
38. 上交
39. sth.开始从事某事
三.重点句子
*1.Befre I t the bus stp,the bus had already left.在我到达公交车站前,公交车已经开走了。
2.I g up when I get a cffee first.我即将要上去时突然决定先去买一杯咖啡。
*3.We at the black smke abve the building.我们难以置信地盯着黑烟从燃烧着的建筑物上方升起。
*4.My bad luck had int a gd thing.我的坏运气出乎意料地成了好事。
*5.When I gt t schl,I that I had my backpack at hme.当我到学校时,我意识到我把书包留在家了。
6.Many peple t their lcal supermarkets t buy much spaghetti they culd.许多人跑去他们当地的超市买尽可能多的意大利面条。
7.Many April Fl's jkes may nt very .许多愚人节的笑话可能结果不是很有趣。
*8.Welles made it sund hundreds f peple the stry.韦尔斯使得它听起来如此真实,以至于成百上千的人相信了这个故事。
四.语法精讲
过去完成时
1.过去完成时的概念
过去完成时表示在过去的某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作,即表示“过去的过去”。
2.过去完成时的各种句式结构
过去完成时是由“助动词had+动词的过去分词”构成的,had用于各种人称和数。
(1)肯定句:主语+had+动词的过去分词+其他.
(2)否定句:主语+had+nt+动词的过去分词+其他.
(3)一般疑问句:Had+主语+动词的过去分词+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+had.否定回答:N,主语+hadn't.
(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(即:had+主语+动词的过去分词+其他)?
(5)被动语态:主语+had (nt)+been+动词的过去分词+其他.
3.过去完成时的判断依据
(1)由时间状语来判定
一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有by/by the end f/“befre+过去的时间点”/“by the time+一般过去时从句”等。
(2)由“过去的过去”来判定
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在:
①宾语从句中
当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。
②状语从句中
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中,主、从句的动作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,动作在后的要用一般过去时。
【注意】 befre,after 引导的时间状语从句中,由于 befre 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主句、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主句、从句都用一般过去时。如:
Where did yu study befre yu came here?你来到这儿前在哪儿学习?
After he clsed the dr,he left the classrm.他关上门后就离开了教室。
(3)根据上下文来判定。
4.过去完成时的主要用法
(1)过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束,即发生在“过去的过去”。
(2)过去完成时是一个相对的时态,表示的是“过去的过去”,只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。
(3)过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用,它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。此时多与already,yet,still,just,befre,never等时间副词及 by,befre,until等引导的短语或从句连用。
(4)过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始,一直延续到某一过去时间,而且动作尚未结束,仍然有继续下去的可能。
语法精练
Ⅰ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.By the time I reached hme,my mther (ck) supper already.
2.Catherine (finish) the letter befre her mther came int her bedrm.
3.The train (leave) when I gt t the statin.
4.The little girl (lie) in bed fr almst a mnth since she fell(fall) sick.
5.By the end f last year,he (learn) 3,000 English wrds.
6.It was the third time that the girl (invite) him.
7.I (nt find) the dg until last night.
8.He tld his mther that he (run) ut f mney t buy new clthes.
9.Tm said that he (keep) the bk fr tw weeks.
10.I suddenly remembered that I (leave)the key in my classrm when I (get) hme yesterday.
五.话题写作
日常生活中,我们可能会面临各种各样的突发状况,如身体不适、车子抛锚等。假如你是张玲,一天早上你的父母有事不在家,而打算和你一起去上学的弟弟突然发烧了。面对这样的突发状况,你是怎样应对的?请你写一篇英语短文,讲述这件事情。
要求:1.语句通顺,合乎逻辑;2.不少于80词(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
思路点拨
角色——Zhang Ling
组句成篇
On the mrning f Wednesday this week,my parents were ut fr business. When I planned t g t schl with my little brther,I fund he was __1__ (发烧).
I was very nervus and didn't knw__2__(做什么).But I calmed dwn __3__(立刻).I called my parents at first,but nbdy answered.S I __4__(上网) fr slutins.__5__(根据) the instructins I fund nline,I put a cld twel n my brther's head.I changed the twel fr several times,but it didn't bring dwn the fever.Finally,I tk my brther t the hspital.Luckily,__6__(在医生的帮助下),the fever was gne and my brther became healthy.
I'm very srry fr my absence frm schl that day,but I'm happy t treat my brther's fever crrectly.
Unit 13
一.词性变化
1: litter. n.垃圾,废弃物→ . v.乱扔
2: fisherman. n.渔夫→ . n.渔夫(复数)
3:advantage. n.优点,有利因素,有利条件 → . n.不利因素,劣势,不利条件
4: cst. n.花费价钱→ . v.花费,耗用
5: wd. n.木头→ . adj.木制的,木头的
6: cruel. adj. 残忍的,残酷的→ . adj.关键的,至关重要的,关键性的
7: harmful. adj.有害的→ . n.害处
8: scientific. adj.科学的,科学上的→ .n.科学→ . n.科学家
9: reuse. v.再次使用,再利用→ . adj.可重复使用的,可再次使用的
10: pay. v.付钱→ . n.付钱,费用
11: transprtatin. n.运输业,交通运输→ . n/v.运输,运送
12:recycle. v.回收利用,再利用 → . n.回收再利用
13: inspiratin. n.灵感;鼓舞人心的人(或物) → . v.鼓舞→ . adj. 鼓舞人心的,鼓舞的
14: wrk. n/v.工作→ . n.作品,名著
15: creative. adj有创造性的→ . v创造→ . n创造者,造物主
二.重点短语
1. litter the river往河里扔垃圾
*2.the f the river河底
*3. 尽自己的一份力做某事
4. fish fr fishermen t catch
对渔民来说没有更多鱼可捕捞了
*5. the factries关闭工厂
*6. 被严重污染
*7.litter places在公共场所乱扔
*8. beautiful places ugly nes把美丽的地方变丑
*9. air pllutin减少空气污染
*10. the bus r subway f driving乘坐公交车或地铁来取代开车
*11.the f bike riding骑车的优点
*12. 废弃物污染
*13. chpsticks木制筷子
14. rubbish the bins把垃圾扔进垃圾箱
15. public places clean and beautiful保持公共场所干净美丽
16. 起作用
17. 听说
18. a bwl f shark fin sup享受一碗鱼翅汤
*19. sharks' fins割下鲨鱼的鱼翅
*20. 对……有害
21. 不再
*22. the fd chain处于食物链顶端
23. the cean's 在海洋生态系统中
24. all cean life给所有海洋生物带来危险
25.in the 20 30 years在最近的20到30年间
*26.envirnmental grups the wrld全球环保组织
27. laws t the sale f shark fins制定法律阻止鱼翅的买卖
28. be endangered太强大而不会濒临灭绝
29. the earth尽力拯救地球
*30. sth.负担得起做某事
31. 以……开始
*32.use bags使用可重复使用的袋子
*33. plastic bags支付塑料袋的费用
*34. in cars停止开车
*35. 扔掉
*36. 擅长循环使用
37. a website t sell them nline建立网站来网上销售
38. 因……而著名
39. …的重要性
40.be back t life复活
41.with a little 用小小的创意
42. public mre更多地乘坐公共交通工具
43.get 变得越来越差
44.ways t n these kinds f pllutin降低这些污染的方法
三.重点句子
*1. t rubbish in the bins and keep places clean and beautiful fr everyne.为了每个人,记得把垃圾扔进垃圾箱,保持公共场所干净美丽。
*2.Our actins can and a better future!我们的行动能起作用并使我们通向更美好的未来!
3. sme kinds f sharks have by ver 90 percent in the last 20 t 30 years.在最近的20到30年间,一些种类的鲨鱼数量已经下降了90%以上。
4. ,n scientific studies that shark fins are gd fr health.到目前为止,没有科学研究表明鱼翅对健康有益。
*5.Peple think that big things t save the earth.人们认为必须干些大事来拯救地球。
*6.Saving the earth small things.拯救地球始于小事。
*7.Yu can save by the lights when yu leave a rm.你可以通过离开房间就关灯来节约用电。
8.It's a great idea that yu nw have t plastic bags in sme stres.在有些商场你现在不得不为塑料袋付费是个好主意。
*9.All these small things can and becme big things that wuld the envirnment.所有这些小事累加就能变成改善环境的大事。
10. is a waste if yu have a mind.如果你有创意,没有东西是废品。
四.语法精讲
一、情态动词的用法复习
情态动词有can(culd),may(might),must,have t,shall(shuld),will(wuld),dare(dared),need,ught t等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化,不能单独使用,必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。
1.情态动词的一般用法
(1)can与culd
①表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。
此时可用be able t代替。can只有一般现在时和一般过去时,而be able t则有更多的时态。
当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able t,不能用can。
②表示请求或允许。
此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用culd,might代替,不是过去式,只是语气更委婉,不能用于肯定句和答语中。如:
—Culd I cme t see yu tmrrw?我明天可以来看你吗?
—Yes,yu can./N,I'm afraid nt.是的,可以。/不,恐怕不行。
③表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。
(2)may与might
①表示请求或允许。
might表示请求或允许时比 may语气更委婉,并不是其过去式。否定回答时可用can't或mustn't,表示“不可以,禁止”。
用“May I…?”征询对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用“Can I…?”在口语中更常见。
②用于祈使句,表示祝愿。如:May yu succeed!愿你成功!
(3)must与have t
①表示必须、必要。
在回答由must引出的问句时,如果是否定的,不能用mustn't(禁止,不准),而用needn't或dn't have t(不必)。如:—Must we hand in ur exercise bks tday?我们今天必须交练习本吗?
—Yes,yu must./N,yu dn't have t/yu needn't.是的,你们必须今天交。/不,你们不一定要今天交。
②must是说话人的主观看法,而have t则强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时,而have t 有更多的时态形式。如:I had t wrk when I was yur age.我像你这么大时,就必须工作了。
(4)dare与need
①dare作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,其过去式为dared。如:
He daren't speak English befre such a crwd,dare he?他不敢在人群前说英语,是吗?
②need 作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must,have t,ught t,shuld代替。如:—Need I finish the wrk tday?我需要今天完成这个工作吗?
—Yes,yu must./N,yu needn't.是的,必须今天完成。/不,不一定要今天完成。
③dare和need作实义动词用时,有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中,dare后面常接带t的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中,dare后面可接带t或不带t的不定式。need后面只能接带t的不定式。如:
He desn't dare(t) answer.他不敢回答。
He needs t finish his hmewrk tday.他今天要完成家庭作业。
(5)shall与shuld
①shall 用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意见。
What shall we d this evening?今天晚上我们做什么?
②shall 用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如:
Yu shall fail if yu dn't wrk hard.如果你不努力就会失败。(警告)
(6)will与wuld
①表示请求、建议等,wuld更委婉。如:
Will/Wuld yu pass me the ball,please?请问你能把那个球递给我吗?
②表示意志、愿望和决心。如:I will never d that again.我再也不会那样做了。
③wuld表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。wuld表示过去的习惯时比used t正式,且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。如:
During the vacatin,he wuld visit me every ther day.假期里,他每隔一天看我一次。
(7)shuld与ught t
①shuld,ught t表示“应该”,ught t表示义务或责任,比shuld语气重。如:
I shuld help her because she is in truble.我应该帮她,因为她陷入麻烦了。
Yu ught t take care f the baby.你应该照顾这个宝宝。
②表示劝告、建议或命令时shuld,ught t可通用,但在疑问句中常用shuld。如:
Yu shuld/ught t g t class right away.你应该马上去上课。
Shuld I pen the windw?我应该打开门吗?
2.情态动词表推测
(1)can表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度),用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。如:
Can this be true?这可能是真的吗?
This can't be dne by him.这不可能是他做的。
Hw can this be true?这怎么可能是真的?
(2)may/might表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。might不是过去式,它所表示的可能性比may小。如:
Yur mther may/might nt knw the truth.你妈妈可能不知道真相。
(3)must表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)。如:
Yu're Tm's gd friend,s yu must knw what he likes best.你是汤姆的好朋友,你一定知道他最喜欢什么。
(4)shuld,ught t(客观推测),must(主观推测)。如:
He must be hme by nw.他现在一定回家了。(断定他已到家)
He ught t/shuld be hme by nw.他现在应该到家了。(按理应当,不太肯定)
二、used t “闯三关”
1.用法关
used t后接动词原形,表示过去经常性或持续性的动作或状态,意为“过去常常”。如:
I used t get up very early.我过去常常很早起床。
When I was yung,it used t be very cld in winter.在我小的时候,冬天经常很冷。
2.句式关
其否定形式为didn't use t d sth.或usedn't t d sth.;一般疑问形式为Used sb.t d sth.?或Did sb.use t d sth.?;附加疑问句式为use(d)n't sb.或didn't sb.。
3.辨异关
be/get used t后面接名词或动词ing形式时,表示“习惯于(做)某事”,其中t为介词;be used t后面接动词原形时,表示“被用来做某事”。其中t是不定式符号。如:
I'm used t walking t schl nw.我现在习惯步行去学校。
The cmputer is used t stre infrmatin.这台电脑被用来储存信息。
语法精练
根据汉语意思完成句子,每空词数不限。
1.这本书一定是汤姆的,他的名字在封面上。
This bk Tm's.His name is n the cver.
2.他被一个5岁的小男孩愚弄了,这可能是真的吗?
true that he was fled by a fiveyearld by?
3.你的车需要维修了。
Yur car .
4.这种小刀是用来切东西的。
This kind f knife things.
5.当我年轻的时候,我常常打篮球。
I basketball when I was yung.
6.他过去常花很多时间玩电脑游戏吗?
much time playing cmputer games?
五.话题写作
荣光学校九年级(2)班就“环境问题”召开了一次班会,并且以“Our Envirnment in Ten Years:fr Better r Wrse?”为题进行了一次讨论。许多同学对未来表示乐观,但也有些同学对未来有些担心。请根据表格中的内容提示,用英语写一篇短文。
要求:1.短文中应包含至少4个要点。
2.书写工整,语句通顺、连贯,词数不少于80。文章开头已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:ptimistic 乐观的;take measures t采取措施
思路点拨
组句成篇
Our Envirnment in Ten Years:fr Better r Wrse?
Many students are ptimistic abut ur envirnment in ten years. They think that there will be mre envirnmentalists in the future.What's mre,ur gvernment will ____1__(采取更多的措施) t prtect the envirnment.S they __2__(确信) that ur envirnment will be better in the future.
Hwever,ther students__3__(担心) the future.They think __4__(大量的) trees will still be __5__(砍倒).Besides,__6__(随着我们社会的发展),there will be mre private cars in ur lives.S the envirnment will be wrse than it is nw.
__7__(依我看),ur envirnment in ten years will becme better,because many f us have the knwledge f prtecting and imprving ur envirnment.I think we shuld plant mre trees and pick up litter arund us.We wrk tgether t prtect ur envirnment.
Unit 14
一.词性变化
1: Instructin. n.指示,命令→ . v.指导→ . adj.指导性的
2: duble. v.加倍,是……的两倍→ . adj.两倍的,加倍的
3: graduate. v.毕业,获得学位→ . n.毕业
4: care. n关心,关爱→ . v关心,关爱→ . adj小心的,细心的→ . adv.小心地,细心地→ . adj粗心的,不小心的→ . adv粗心地,不仔细地→ . n粗心,大意
5: cngratulate. v.祝贺,恭喜→ . n.祝贺,恭喜
6: thirsty. adj.渴望的,口渴的→ . n.口渴,渴望
7: thank. n/v.感谢,感激→ . adj.感激的,感谢的→ . adv.感激地
8: last. adj.最后的→ . adj.持续的,不间断的→ . adv.最后
9: respnsible. adj. 有责任心的,有责任感的→ . n.责任感,责任
10: separate. adj. 单独的,分离的→ . adv.单独地,各自地→ . v分开,分离
二.重点短语
乐观者的观点
1.越来越多的人将成为环保主义者(envirnmentalist);
2.政府将采取更多的措施改善环境
担心者的观点
1.大量的树木仍将被砍伐;
2.私家车将越来越多
你的观点及你的打算
自拟(至少两点)
*1. .记得去做某事
*2. 记得做过某事
*3.d a 做一次学校调查
*4.meet the f a teacher符合严师的标准
*5. tw gals a rw连续进两次球
*6. the 弹键盘式电子乐器
7. sb.t a break frm 建议某人暂停跑步休息一下
*8.have a 有一个健康问题
*9.give clear 给清晰的指示
*10. 对……有耐心
11. sb.t d sth.引导某人做某事
12. t d sth.花时间做某事
*13. mre effrt付出更多的努力
14. fr mrning readings准时晨读
15. .为……做好准备
*16. 弄得一团糟
17. sth.做某事有乐趣
18. 在………(方面)帮助某人
19. sth.期待做某事
*20.g t high schl去上高中
21. the schl swim team参加校游泳队
22. prblems sth.在某事上有困难
23.have prblems sth.做某事有困难
24. the year在年末
*25 信任
26 d sth.很高兴做某事
27.thank yu fr sth.因做某事而感谢你
*28. the ceremny参加毕业典礼
*29. hpe fr the future对未来充满希望
30.the f a new life新生活的开始
31.have the t d sth.有能力做某事
*32. yur wn 做自己的选择
*33.g yur 各奔东西
*34 years’ time几年后
*35. n yur new jurney开始你的新旅程
36. t fly给某人飞翔的翅膀
37. the first day f junir high在初中第一天
38. sth. sb.和某人分享某事
三.重点句子
1.She helped yu t the answers yurself difficult they were.无论它们有多难,她都帮助你自己找出答案。
*2. .该是毕业的时候了。
3.I and reading texts.我发音和朗读课文有困难。
4.Yu were all s full f and fr .你们都是如此充满活力,如此渴求知识。
5. yu've all wrked very hard ver the last three years, f yu did it .尽管在刚过去的三年里你们所有人学习都很努力,但没有一个人是独自完成(学业)的。
6.Never t be t the peple yu.别忘了对周围的人表示感谢。
7.Alng with ,there will als be many things fr yu.
伴随困难,也将有很多激动人心的事情在等着你们。
*8.It is always hard t frm thse whm yu have s much time with fr the past three years.
要和你们在刚过去的三年中共度了如此多时光的人分离是件难事。
9.Since then,I have made s many gd friends and I have s many gd them.从那时起,我已经交了如此多的好朋友,已和他们分享了如此多美好的回忆。
*10.I new in senir high!我期待高中的新体验!
四.语法精讲
一、动词的时态
根据最新教学大纲规定,初中阶段要求学生必须掌握的动词时态包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时及现在完成时。
1.一般现在时
一般现在时表示现阶段经常发生的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态和客观真理,常用的时间状语有ften,usually,always,smetimes,every day(week,mnth)等。如:
He usually ges t schl by bike.他通常骑自行车上学。
The sun rises frm the east.太阳从东方升起。
【注意】在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。如:
If yu dn't g sn,yu'll be late.如果你不快点去,你将会迟到的。
Yu mustn't eat anything until yu see the dctr.看医生之前你不能吃东西。
2.一般过去时
一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,常用的时间状语有yesterday,ag,last night(week,mnth),just nw,in 2000等。如:
It snwed heavily last night.昨天晚上雪下得很大。
It was very cld yesterday.昨天非常冷。
3.一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用的时间状语有tmrrw,next week(year,mnth),in tw days等。如:
Mr.Wu will teach us English this term.这学期吴老师将教我们英语。
I will g t my hmetwn next week.下周我要回老家。
【注意】(1)“be ging t+动词原形”表示即将发生某事或者打算、计划要做某事。如:
I'm ging t d my hmewrk this evening.我打算今天晚上做作业。
(2)cme,g,start,mve,leave等动词常用进行时态表示按计划将要发生的事。如:
The whle family's ging fr tw mnths.全家将要去两个月。
They are leaving fr Beijing tmrrw.他们明天动身去北京。
4.现在进行时
现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,常用的时间状语有nw,at this mment等或句首有提示词lk,listen等。如:
I'm reading a bk nw.我现在正在读一本书。
Lk! They are playing ftball n the playgrund.看!他们正在操场上踢足球。
5.过去进行时
过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时段正在发生或进行的动作,常用时间状语有at this(that) time yesterday,at nine 'clck yesterday等。如:
They were wrking in class this time yesterday.昨天这个时候他们正在上课。
I was drawing a hrse when the teacher came in.老师进来时,我正在画一匹马。
6.现在完成时
现在完成时表示过去发生的某个动作对现在造成的影响和结果,或表示过去已经开始并持续到现在的动作或状态。常与already,never,ever,just,yet等时间状语或these days,fr tw years,“since+过去时态”等连用。如:
I have already psted the phts.我已经把这些照片寄出去了。
He has taught at this schl since 2000.他从2000年起一直在这所学校任教。
二、动词的语态
被动语态是指主语是动作的承受者。常考的动词的被动语态主要有:
1.一般现在时的被动语态
由“am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词”构成。如:
Cmputers are made in the USA.计算机是在美国被制造的。
Our classrm is cleaned every day.我们的教室每天都被打扫。
2.一般过去时的被动语态
由“was/were+及物动词的过去分词”构成。如:
This park was built in 1999.这个公园建造于1999年。
Last year many trees and flwers were planted in ur schl.去年我们学校种植了许多树和花。
3.一般将来时的被动语态
由“will be+动词的过去分词”构成。如:
The classrm will be cleaned by Li Lei tmrrw.明天李磊将打扫教室。
The hmewrk will be finished in ten minutes.作业将在10分钟内完成。
4.现在完成时的被动语态
由“has/have been+动词的过去分词”构成。 如:
The dirty clthes have been washed.这些脏衣服都已经洗了。
The child has been taken care f by her all these years.这些年来,这个孩子都由她照顾。
5.含有情态动词的被动语态
其结构为:情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。如:
The yung trees shuld be planted in spring.应该在春天植树。
My hmewrk can be finished in ne hur tday.今天我的家庭作业可以在一个小时内完成。
Ⅰ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.A serius car accident (happen) in this street last Sunday.
2.—What will the weather be like this cming Saturday?
—I hpe it (be) a fine day fr ur picnic! I can't wait!
3.—D yu like junk fd,Linda?
—That's my favrite.The mre junk fd I (have),the happier I (be).
4.—What did yur mther say abut this?
—She (say) that she (try) her best t help me with my English next term.
5.—Dn't get ff the bus until it (stp),Tm.
—I wn't,Dad.Dn't wrry abut me.
6.—Is yur father a dctr?
—Yes,he is.He (wrk) in the Children's Hspital.
7.—I called yu yesterday evening,but there was n answer.
—Oh,I'm srry.I (have) dinner at my friend's huse at that time.
8.—Is this jacket yurs,Linda?
—N,I think it (belng) t Maria.She has a red ne.
9.Bill is a gd student.He always (finish) his hmewrk n time.
10.I (nt read) the bk Little Wmen yet,but I'll let yu read it first.
11.A talk n science (give) in ur schl next Sunday.
12.The letter (write) in Japanese.Can yu read it fr me?
13.Chinese (speak) by mre and mre peple in the wrld nw.
14.The magazines (must return) t the library in tw weeks.
15.—What kind f rice d yu think is the best t eat?
—I like t eat the rice that is (grw) in the suth f China.
16.Smething must (d) t make ur city a better place t live in.
17.Three patients (perate) n by the famus dctr in the past 10 hurs.
18.We are (tell) nt t play cmputer games at schl.
19.The little by was ften seen t (read) bks by the lake after schl.
20.The phne (invent) by Bell.He is very great.
五.话题写作
时光飞逝,转瞬初中生活即将结束,你将离开你生活和学习了三年的校园了。在这三年里你与老师和同学之间一定留下很多美好的回忆。请你用英语写一篇短文,与大家分享你最难忘的一件事。
要求:1.语言表达准确,短文连贯通顺;2.80词左右。
思路点拨
组句成篇
An Unfrgettable Thing
One day,the teacher asked wh had brken the windw.I culdn't admit,__1__(否则我将有麻烦),I thught.I didn't want t raise my hand,but smething much strnger than me __2__(把它向上拉).The teacher walked t me and __3__(抚摸我的头).__4__(代替) punishing me,he gave me a bk and said he knew hw much I liked reading bks.And it was nly fr my hnesty.
I culdn't believe it!I wasn't punished and I gt__5__(我最喜爱的书) Harry Ptter.__6__ (直到现在),I ften __7__(回想起) what the teacher said,and I'll be an hnest man frever.
综合训练一
一.用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次
cmfrtable weigh agree nd encurage
1.I have put n recently.
2.When I suggested a walk,Elena in agreement happily.
3.He didn't want t d this,but he had n t say that and was afraid that his father wuld be angry.
4.I culdn't sleep well,because the bed was s .
5.They hpe they can reach an as early as pssible.
二、根据句意及汉语提示完成句子
1.In the stry,the (国王)wears nthing,but n ne tells him the truth.
2.Lts f peple begin t think health is mre imprtant than (财富).
3.The girl was badly ill and her face was as (苍白的)as chalk.
4.There are a number f patients waiting t get (检查).
5.Yu wn't succeed unless yu set yurself a (目标).
三、根据句意及首字母提示完成句子
1.It's all my f t make yu sad.Srry.
2.-Which restaurant d yu prefer?
I'd r g t Blue Ocean.
3.Leaning(靠)her head n my s she began t cry.
4.The rich man made his huse simply like a p
5.He felt he was in the psitin f p
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填人括号中所给单词的正确形式。
As the English pet Jhn Dnne wrte,“N man is an island."Humans are scial animals,and we all build different relatinships with thers.
But 1 teenagers,we are ging thrugh a time f great changes.Our relatinships with parents,friends and teachers may als be changing.They might becme 2 (clse),mre supprtive r mre stressful.
During this perid,3 is imprtant t develp healthy relatinships.That will make us 4 (believe)in ur wn abilities and give us the curage t try new things.
5 (beside),it will lead us t becme better peple when we grw up.
Frming and keeping gd relatinships are never easy,as there are lts f things that may g wrng.Smetimes,neither ur parents 6 ur friends agree with ur ideas.And
we dn't knw hw t express ur ideas which are different frm ur friends'.
Once in 7 while,we might care t much abut thers' thughts and have 8 (difficult)in
saying n t them,because we dn't want t feel 9(leave)ut.
In these cases,we need t use sme scial skills.Fr example,we shuld learn t put urselves in thers' shes.Gd cmmunicatin is als helpful.10 (develp)
cmfrtable relatinships,we can learn abut ther teenagers' stries in ur everyday lives.After all,they may be facing the same challenge as we are.
综合训练二
一.用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次
ring believe versleep annunce expect
1.-Bb,what happened t yu?
—I and I was late fr schl.
2.All the students had arrived when the teacher the bell.
3.Plice fficers must be fully prepared fr the
4.Just nw the speaker frm the gvernment that the railway was ging t be clsed.
5.Her explanatin certainly sunded .We all thught it was true.
二、根据句意及汉语提示完成句子
1.They have (取消)tday's travel plan because f the rainstrm.
2.The sun (消失)behind the cluds and the wind became strnger.
3.Susan was (愚弄)int believing her brther's prmise.
4.Everyne was excited abut the (发现)f frzen water n the mn.
5.The tw (女士)usually talk abut their children in the evening.
三、根据句意及首字母提示完成句子
1.T avid missing the plane,I hurried t the a after packing clthes.
2.Lisa went t the m t buy smething fr dinner with her grandma.
3.The plice stpped the man and then fund a gun in his b
4.My brther agreed t give me a l t the science fair this afternn.
5.The firemen tried their best t save mre lives frm the b building.
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
As we all knw,peple play jkes n thers n April Fl's Day.Smetimes,they use sme jke tls.Sren Srensen Adams was an inventr f such tls.
Brn in Denmark in 1879,Adams mved t the US with his family at age fur and 1 (grw)up in Perth Amby, New Jersey.In 1904,Adams wrked as a salesman fr a dye(染料)cmpany.One f the
2 (prduct)he sld caused peple t sneeze(打喷嚏),and then Adams used it t create a new prduct 3 (call)Cach.He sld it as a tl 4 peple culd use t play jkes n thers.Cach achieved natinal 5 (ppular)in a shrt time.Mre and mre peple began t ask him fr this prduct.S he decided 6 (start)the Cach Sneezing Pwder Cmpany.
T make his cmpany mre ppular,Adams went n 7 (invent)many ther amazing tls.In 1928,Adams invented the Jy Buzzer which culd 8 (put)in ne hand.Peple used it when shaking hands with thers.When shaking hands,they wuld feel the9 (expect)vibratins(振动)frm the Jy Buzzer.Adams cntinued t lead his cmpany 10 his death in1963.He was widely knwn as“King f the Pranksters(恶作剧者)”
综合训练三
一、根据句意及汉语提示完成句子
1.Hw much d yu knw abut the (作品)f Mark Twain?
2.At the (底部)f the sea,yu can als see sme kinds f sea animals.
3.Peple wn't be allwed t use (塑料)bags in this supermarket.
4. (煤)is ne f the mst imprtant energy surces in the wrld.
5.I wuld rather ck by myself than rder a (外卖食物)every day.
二、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
One man's trash is anther man's treasure.This is a well-knwn phrase,1 fr Zha Xiali,it is als a guide t her wrk.She makes art ut f rubbish.Different 2 (recycle)things,including a wden dr,a chair with ne leg missing,and a brken guitar,have prvided inspiratin fr Zha.
“Art shuld serve3 public,which needs us t think utside the bx.Thrugh the frm f art,the used bjects can be reused,”says the30-year-ld.
Zha's interest in rubbish is knwn by many peple,even cleaners in her cmmunity.When anyne thrws furniture ut,like a dr r a chair,Zha is always the first 4 (knw).
In a 30-secnd vide psted(发布)n Sina Weib,Zha recycles a wden dr.After smthing the surface
5 the dr,she sweeps a brush in a wild style.Later,her reprductin f American painter Charles Curtney Curran's By the Lily Pnd 6 (appear)n the dr.The vide has been watched ver 1 millin times.
Fr Zha,it seems that anything can be 7 (she)canvas(画布).Last year,a cffee stre she ften visited was clsed and the wner gave her a brken guitar.She created an il painting 8 cmbined(结合)wrks by tw Dutch masters.When smene threw ut a chair with ne brken leg,Zha tk it.After 9 (clean),she turned it int Van Ggh's The Starry Night.
“Beauty is everywhere.Anything can 10 (change)int a wrk f art,”Zha says.
综合训练四
一.用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次
separate we vercme manage duble
1.My daughter's math exam scres have with the help f her math teacher.
2.Their classrm is next t
3.Raw(生的)meat must be frm the cked meat.
4.The asked the secretary t cpy the dcument.
5.He lts f difficulties befre he succeeded.
二、根据句意及汉语提示完成句子
1.The (调查)was carried ut by sme high schl students.
2.This is the best (方法)f dealing with such arguments.
3.Maria (毕业)frm the junir high schl last summer.
4.My grandfather is a quiet but warm and (体贴人的)man.
5.In rder t lwer my bld sugar (水平),I have t change my eating habits.
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Every child has his wn dream.Every child hpes t be 1 adult.Hwever,is it really like what they imagine?As a by 2 lives in mdern times and in a mdern city,I feel greater pressure n me with the city's 3 (develp).Althugh we seldm wrry 4 mney,we still have sme ther 5 (prblem),such as cmpetitins amng classmates and expectatins(期望)frm parents.These experiences are very helpful t ur future.But in fact they really give 6 (I)a lt f pressure.I still clearly remember the happiness f my childhd.Unluckily,we have t face the fact with time passing by.We begin 7 (feel)this invisible(无形的)pressure cme upn us.We get up befre sunrise
8 cme back after sunset.We wrk and study like an adult,even 9 (hard).The purpse f what we d is t get an excellent mark.Grwing up is very bring,but we shuld try t find happiness while grwing up.I think friendship,the supprt frm ur parents and the encuragement frm ur teachers can help us.Why nt10 (enjy)the pleasure f grwing up and its delicius taste?
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