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四川省成都市石室中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份四川省成都市石室中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷（Word版附解析），共26页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
试卷说明：
英语考试时间共120分钟，满分150分。英语试题卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)。考试做答时，须将答案答在答题卡上，在本试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the wman need t buy?
A. Trusers. B. Shrts. C. Shirts.
2. What did the man d in tday’s class?
A. He sang a sng.
B. He played an instrument.
C. He wrte dwn sme names.
3. What happened t the wman?
A. She has been ill.
B. She missed a party.
C. She didn’t sleep well last night.
4. Hw des the man sund nw?
A. Unhappy. B. Helpful. C. Srry.
5. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. The best way f traveling.
B. The plite behavir in public.
C. The structure f a subway statin.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers?
A. In an ffice. B. In a restaurant. C. In the wman’s huse.
7. Why des the man cme t the wman?
A. T invite her t a meeting.
B. T shw his cncern fr her.
C. T share his business ideas.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What did the man’s teacher ask him t d?
A. Make a presentatin.
B. Sign up fr a science curse.
C. Intrduce a technlgy t his mther.
9. When did the man start studying the technlgy?
A. Last year. B. A week ag. C. Yesterday.
10. What is the technlgy used fr?
A. Lking fr ancient things.
B. Carrying a rcket.
C. Observing uter space.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Ck and custmer.
12. Which meal is the man cking nw?
A. Breakfast. B. Lunch. C. Dinner.
13. What will the wman d next?
A. Cut meat. B. Ck eggs. C. Make pancakes.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. At what age did the man begin shwing interest in theater?
A. 8 B. 10. C. 18.
15. What des the wman d?
A. She’s a directr. B. She’s a singer. C. She’s a teacher.
16. What des the man hpe t d in the future?
A. Create a small theater. B. Study Italian peras. C. Help yung actrs.
17. What des the wman say abut acting?
A. It is valuable. B. It is just enjyment. C. It is difficult t learn.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Which place is the speaker talking abut?
A. A city in nrthwest Eurpe.
B. The capital city f Turkey.
C. Her hme city.
19. What is the city mst famus fr accrding t the speaker?
A. Twers. B. Temples. C. Markets.
20. Hw is the speaker sharing the infrmatin?
A. By psting a vide. B. By writing an e-mail. C. By publishing an article.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Tp Apps Fr Climate Activists
The wrld ppulatin is at 7 billin and it’s predicted that by the end f this year there will be ne smartphne fr every five peple in the wrld. That’s a lt f phnes and a lt f infrmatin literally at ur fingertips.
Infrmatin is cnstantly changing and thse f us wrking hard t prtect the envirnment fr urselves and future generatins need t have access t up-t-date material. Being a climate change activist can be time cnsuming. But there’s an app (r ten) fr that! The number f apps ut there is staggering.
With these apps yu’ll be amazed at hw easy it is t stay in the knw when it cmes t yur health, and the health f the envirnment.
1. Accrding t this text, the authr recmmends APPs because________.
A. thse APPs culd help peple gain the up-t-date material
B. thse APPs culd frecast the changing climate accurately
C. thse APPs culd help peple wh have a fast-paced lifestyle
D. thse APPs are free fr thse peple wh have a designated phne
2. If yu want t find in seasn fds, which Apps shuld yu dwnlad?
A. Zimride.B. Fducate.C. Lcavre.D. CEC fr Air Travel.
3. What can we learn abut the APPs mentined in this passage?
A. Zimride will charge fr rides and then take a cut.
B. Lcavre can tell us which fruits and meat are in seasn.
C. CEC fr Air Travel can calculate the accurate carbn emissins f passengers.
D. Fducate will recmmend minimally prcessed fds naturally rich in nutrients and antixidants.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是气候活动家的最佳应用程序。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Infrmatin is cnstantly changing and thse f us wrking hard t prtect the envirnment fr urselves and future generatins need t have access t up-t-date material. Being a climate change activist can be time cnsuming. But there’s an app (r ten) fr that! The number f apps ut there is staggering.(信息是不断变化的，我们这些努力为自己和后代保护环境的人需要获得最新的材料。成为一名气候变化活动家可能会耗费大量时间。但有一个应用程序（或十个）可以做到这一点！应用程序的数量惊人。)”可知，作者推荐这些app是因为这些应用程序可以帮助人们获得最新的材料，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lcavre部分的“If yu’re lking fr the clsest farmers market selling yur favrite in seasn prduce, then Lcavre is the app fr yu. Lcavre is a great app fr thse searching fr lcal, in seasn, rganic fds in yur area.(如果你正在寻找最近的农贸市场出售你最喜欢的时令农产品，那么Lcavre就是你的应用程序。Lcavre是一个为那些寻找当地应季的有机食品的伟大的应用程序。)”可知，如果你想找到应季食物，你应该下载Lcavre，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fducate部分的“The app will recmmend minimally prcessed, real fds which are naturally rich in nutrients and antixidants.(该应用程序将推荐最低限度加工的、天然的富含营养和抗氧化剂的真正食物。)”可知，Fducate会推荐天然的富含营养和抗氧化剂的低加工食品，故选D。
B
It was the day befre Thanksgiving and Kaleb Benham was wandering arund utside his hme in Nring Califrnia. His 90-pund pit bull, Buddy, was playing arund nearby, ding what dgs d: getting int truble. And this time, Buddy was getting int a whle lt f truble.
The unmistakable sund that n ne wants t hear alne in the wds caught Benham’s attentin. It was the deep, strange rar f a black bear. Benham wheeled arund t see the beast, which Benham figured weighed arund 350 punds, sme 100 feet away. In an instant, the bear fastened n t Buddy’s head and started dragging him away.
Benham, a thin, fit 24-year-ld, tk ff after them. “Hnestly,” he tld CBS13, “the nly thing I culd think f was ‘save my baby’.” Sprinting, he lwered his shulder and plwed int the bear. But it nly tightened its grip n Buddy. Benham grabbed the bear by the thrat. Nthing. He tried getting its muth pen, but the jaw was lcked tight. Benham resrted t street fighting—punching the bear ver and ver arund its snut and eye. It wrked. The bear drpped the dg and ran ff int the wds.
Buddy was in bad shape. His face was bldied and ripped up. His ears were dangling. He had a bite mark clear thrugh his lip and ne that barely missed an eye.
“My first thught was that I was ging t lse him,” Benham said. He scped up Buddy, put him int his car, and sped ff t a nearby veterinarian. Buddy’s surgery tk nearly fur hurs. Benham watched the prcedure thrugh a windw. “I just std there,” he said, watching as Buddy’s ears were stapled back n and skin flaps were stitched, and tubes were inserted int his head t drain fluid.
This was the secnd time Benham had rescued Buddy, says CBS13. The first was frm a shelter a few years ag. “If it was yur kid, what wuld yu d?” he asked. Ndding tward Buddy, he added, “That’s my kid.”
4. What is the text mainly abut?
A. A demanding surgery.B. A regular rutine.
C. A fearless pet dg.D. A daring rescue.
5. Why did the authr mentin the weight f the bear in paragraph 2?
A. T shw the difficulty f the rescue.
B. T indicate the besity f the bear.
C. T prve the excitement f Benham.
D. T describe the fear in Buddy’s heart.
6. Hw was the dg finally saved frm the bear?
A. Benham bumped int the beast with drpped shulder.
B. Benham frced pen the beast’s muth with lcked jaw.
C. Benham crushed the beast’s muth and nse repeatedly.
D. Benham finally cnquered the beast by grabbing its thrat.
7. Which wrd can best describe the relatinship between Benham and Buddy?
A. Cmplicated.B. Clse.
C. Rmantic.D. Healthy.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者勇斗熊营救自己的宠物狗的故事。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“ In an instant, the bear fastened n t Buddy’s head and started dragging him away.(瞬间，熊抓住巴迪的头，开始把他拖走)”可知，巴迪在树林里被熊袭击了，以及第三段“Benham, a thin, fit 24-year-ld, tk ff after them. “Hnestly,” he tld CBS13, “the nly thing I culd think f was ‘save my baby’.” Sprinting, he lwered his shulder and plwed int the bear. But it nly tightened its grip n Buddy. Benham grabbed the bear by the thrat. Nthing. He tried getting its muth pen, but the jaw was lcked tight. Benham resrted t street fighting—punching the bear ver and ver arund its snut and eye. It wrked. The bear drpped the dg and ran ff int the wds.（24岁的贝纳姆身材苗条，跟着他们跑。“老实说，”他告诉CBS13频道，“我唯一能想到的就是‘救我的孩子’。”他疾跑着，低下肩膀，狠狠地撞了那只熊。但它只会把巴迪抓得更紧。贝纳姆抓住熊的喉咙。什么都没有。他试着打开它的嘴，但它的下巴被紧紧地锁住了。贝纳姆采取了街头格斗的方式——在熊的鼻子和眼睛周围不停地拳打脚踢。它起作用了。熊扔下狗跑进了树林。）”可知，本文主要讲述的是一场大胆的营救。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Benham wheeled arund t see the beast, which Benham figured weighed arund 350 punds, sme 100 feet away. (贝纳姆转过身去看这只野兽，他估计它重约350磅，距离大约100英尺。)”可知，作者在第二段提到了熊的重量，以表明营救的困难。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Benham resrted t street fighting—punching the bear ver and ver arund its snut and eye. It wrked. The bear drpped the dg and ran ff int the wds.(贝纳姆采取了街头格斗的方式——在熊的鼻子和眼睛周围不停地拳打脚踢。它奏效了。熊扔下狗跑进了树林。)”可知，贝纳姆反复殴打这只野兽的嘴和鼻子，这条狗被救了。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“‘If it was yur kid, what wuld yu d?’ he asked. Ndding tward Buddy, he added, ‘That’s my kid.’.(“如果是你的孩子，你会怎么做?”他问。他朝巴迪点点头，补充说:“那是我的孩子。”)”可知，贝纳姆和巴迪之间的关系密切。故选B。
C
When yu see smene take that first sip f freshly made milk tea, their face lks like pure jy. Tday, millins f peple enjy this experience. Acrss the wrld, custmers flck t their favrite spts t meet with friends and savr sips f these tasty drinks.
In the early 2000s, thugh, milk tea was just cming n the scene. The few brands that had successfully established themselves in the industry were dearly cncerned: Wuld milk tea just be anther fashin fd? Sure, peple are enjying it tday, but wuld they still be in a year, r five years? And with s much new excitement fr this prduct, wuld peple be able t distinguish milk tea cmpanies?
These are the questins that Serenitea, a Manila-based milk-tea cmpany, faced in 2014. While successfully pening 60 stres, they fund themselves in a strategic fg, which led them t research int the deep, unexplred psychlgy f milk tea.
Like Airbnb, Serenitea partnered with an agency, CIA Btleg Manila (CBM), that specializes in drilling dwn t the deep cnsumer “why”. The agency cnducted a series f intensive, psychlgical-based techniques in its market research. Specifically, they prbed the cnsumer’s deeper, emtinal cnnectins t milk tea, including their earliest childhd memries f milk and tea.
What they fund was that milk tea was a cmplex tpic. Their research revealed that milk tea prduces three cnsistent psychlgical respnses. Peple cnnected t milk thrugh the cncept f nurturing (滋养); they fndly remembered their childhd and being cared fr by their mthers. Next, cnsumers cnnected tea t its healing prperties. Respndents wuld recall receiving tea when they had stmachache r seeing their parents drinking herbal tea fr health reasns. Lastly, they assciated milk tea itself with teenage fun: a guilty pleasure f their yuth.
They had uncvered the three psychlgical crnerstnes (基石) f the milk tea experience: nurturing, healing, and teenage fun. This set f insights was crucial. By integrating them int the cre f their brand strategy, they struck ut an entirely new path.
8. Which is clsest in meaning t “prbed ” in paragraph 4?
A. Applied.B. Related.C. Demnstrated.D. Investigated.
9. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Serenata planned t distinguish itself frm cmpetitrs.
B. Serenitea utperfrmed its ppnents in research field.
C. Serenitea suffered a temprary strategic failure in 2014.
D. Serenitea partnered with a leading psychlgical agency.
10. What can Serenitea d with the findings frm their research?
A. Offer as many new flavrs as pssible.
B. Create a yuthful and playful brand image.
C. Redesign stres by adding rmantic elements.
D Cnduct intensive market research with CBM.
11. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. A New Path t Business SuccessB. Three Crnerstnes f Milk Tea
C. Sharing the Pure Jy f Milk TeaD. Revealing Milk Tea Psychlgy
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了奶茶背后心理学原理的发现和揭示过程。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“While successfully pening 60 stres, they fund themselves in a strategic fg, which led them t research int the deep, unexplred psychlgy f milk tea.(在成功开设60家门店的同时，他们发现自己陷入了战略迷雾，这促使他们开始研究奶茶的深层次、未被探索的心理)”可知，他们要调查research int。结合第五段“What they fund was that milk tea was a cmplex tpic.(他们发现，奶茶是一个复杂的话题)”可知，他们调查出了结果。故划线词后文“the cnsumer’s deeper, emtinal cnnectins t milk tea, including their earliest childhd memries f milk and tea”指出了他们研究调查的细分领域。故划线词意思是“调查”。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“And with s much new excitement fr this prduct, wuld peple be able t distinguish milk tea cmpanies?(有了这么多新的兴奋点，人们能区分出奶茶公司吗？)”以及第三段“These are the questins that Serenitea, a Manila-based milk-tea cmpany, faced in 2014.(这些都是马尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea在2014年面临的问题)”可知，Serenata计划将自己与竞争对手区分开来。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Next, cnsumers cnnected tea t its healing prperties. Respndents wuld recall receiving tea when they had stmachache r seeing their parents drinking herbal tea fr health reasns. Lastly, they assciated milk tea itself with teenage fun: a guilty pleasure f their yuth.(其次，消费者将茶与它的治疗特性联系起来。受访者会回忆起当他们胃痛或看到他们的父母为了健康原因喝凉茶时收到的茶。最后，他们将奶茶本身与青少年的乐趣联系在一起：他们年轻时的一种罪恶的快乐)”以及最后一段“They had uncvered the three psychlgical crnerstnes (基石) f the milk tea experience: nurturing, healing, and teenage fun.(他们发现了奶茶体验的三个心理基石：养育、治疗和青少年乐趣)”可知，Serenitea可以用他们的研究结果打造年轻俏皮的品牌形象。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“These are the questins that Serenitea, a Manila-based milk-tea cmpany, faced in 2014. While successfully pening 60 stres, they fund themselves in a strategic fg, which led them t research int the deep, unexplred psychlgy f milk tea.(这些都是马尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea在2014年面临的问题。在成功开设60家门店的同时，他们发现自己陷入了战略迷雾，这促使他们开始研究奶茶的深层次、未被探索的心理)”以及文章主要说明了奶茶背后心理学原理的发现和揭示过程，按照时间顺序展开，从出现问题到寻求解决，最终找到答案。故D选项“揭示奶茶心理”最符合文章标题。故选D。
D
Psychlgical science is full f interesting tpics, many f which tell a cherent picture f human nature, but sme f which create seemingly cntradictry stries. A case in pint is the tricky, and misunderstd, verlap between strength-based science and the research n narcissism (自恋).
There is nw cnvincing evidence t shw that narcissism is n the rise, especially in ur yuth. Sme researchers have gne s far as t say that it is ccurring in epidemic prprtins, with abut 25% f yung peple shwing symptms f narcissism. The inflated eg f Generatin Me is reflected in reality TV, celebrity wrship, ut-f-cntrl cnsumerism and materialism…perhaps even a new type f president.
We are crrect t be cncerned abut this phenmenn but ur fear that all kids are ptential narcissists has caused an unhelpful cunter-reactin t appraches that seek t make ur children and teens feel gd abut themselves.
In my wn research n strength-based parenting, it is cmmn fr peple t wrngly label this apprach as a recipe fr narcissism. Their argument seems t be that a child wh knws their strengths will autmatically view themselves as better than everyne else. It is argued that the self-assurance that cmes with identifying and using their psitive qualities will make a child arrgant, selfish and uncaring. Genuine cnfidence abut ne’s strengths is categrized as ver-cnfidence; desirable self-knwledge is branded as excessive self-admiratin.
Why des this ccur? It’s partly because mre is knwn abut narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychlgy has largely stayed within the limit f academic jurnals r has been applied nly within certain cntexts such as the wrkplace, research n narcissism has made its way int the mass media and int ur cllective cnsciusness. The New Yrk Times nted that narcissism is a favred “g-t” tpic and that peple everywhere are diagnsing thers with it.
The fear that a strength-based apprach will cause narcissism als ccurs because we unknwingly fall prey t binary (非此即彼) thinking. We mistakenly believe that ne cannt be bth cnfident and humble. We fcus n Dnald Trump and Kim Kardashian rather than Mahatma Gandhi and Mther Teresa. There’s n way that Gandhi and Mther Teresa culd have achieved what they did withut cnfidence in their strengths, and yet they are bth pillars f mdesty and selflessness.
When we assume that strength-fcus is the same as a self-fcus, we fail t entertain the idea that peple wh knw their strengths are, actually, mre likely t be pr-scial and fcus n helping thers.
It’s tempting t cnclude that every yung persn is at risk f becming a narcissist but I’d like t stand up fr the thusands f yung kids I have wrked with wh are caring, thughtful and humble—even when they use their strengths.
12. Why teenagers’ strengths are ften mistaken fr narcissism?
A. Teenagers with strengths are always arrgant, selfish and uncaring.
B. The public are mre expsed t research n narcissism.
C. There is a lack f strengths in ur cllective cnsciusness.
D. Numbers f peple are diagnsed with narcissism by dctrs.
13. The authr mentins Gandhi and Teresa in paragraph 6 t shw that________.
A. they are bth victims f binary thinking
B. public figures unknwingly fall prey t narcissism
C. cnfidence is quite imprtant fr celebrities
D. ne can be bth mdest and sure f himself
14. What’s the authr’s attitude twards yung kids’ strength-based appraches?
A. Skeptical.B. Neutral.C. Favrable.D. Cautius.
15. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Teens’ Cnfidence Misunderstd
B. Teens’ Narcissism Diagnsis
C. Teens’ Anxiety and Depressin
D. Teens’ Strength Psychlgy
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人们倾向于将青少年的自信误解为自恋，并分析了其背后的原因。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Why des this ccur? It’s partly because mre is knwn abut narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychlgy has largely stayed within the limit f academic jurnals r has been applied nly within certain cntexts such as the wrkplace, research n narcissism has made its way int the mass media and int ur cllective cnsciusness. (为什么会发生这种情况？部分原因是人们对自恋的了解多于对优点的了解。尽管优点心理学在很大程度上还停留在学术期刊的范围内，或者只在特定的情境应用，如工作场所中，但关于自恋的研究已经进入了大众媒体和我们的集体意识。)”可知。对自恋的研究渗入到了大众媒体和人们的集体意识，而对优点的研究还停留在学术期刊的范围内或者特定的情境，由此可推测出，人们经常把青少年的优点误认为是自恋，这是因为人们更多地接触了关于自恋的研究，已经深入自我意识。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中的“We mistakenly believe that ne cannt be bth cnfident and humble. We fcus n Dnald Trump and Kim Kardashian rather than Mahatma Gandhi and Mther Teresa. There’s n way that Gandhi and Mther Teresa culd have achieved what they did withut cnfidence in their strengths, and yet they are bth pillars f mdesty and selflessness. (我们错误地认为人不可能在自信的同时保持谦逊。我们的目光都放在了特朗普和金·卡戴珊的身上，而忽略了甘地和特蕾莎修女。如果甘地和特蕾莎对自己的优点不够自信的话，他们不可能有如此成就，然而，他们同时还是谦逊和无私的人。)”可推知，提到甘地和特蕾莎修女是为了表明一个人可以同时保持谦逊和自信。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s tempting t cnclude that every yung persn is at risk f becming a narcissist but I’d like t stand up fr the thusands f yung kids I have wrked with wh are caring, thughtful and humble—even when they use their strengths. (人们很容易得出这样的结论：每个年轻人都有成为自恋者的风险，但我想维护我共事过的成千上万的年轻人，他们关心他人、有思想、谦逊——即使他们发挥了自己的优点。)”可知，作者认为即使年轻人发挥了自己的优点，他们仍然能够具有关心他人、有思想、谦逊这些优秀的品质，而不会变成自恋者，由此可推测出，作者对基于优点的方法持支持态度。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段中的“A case in pint is the tricky, and misunderstd, verlap between strength-based science and the research n narcissism (自恋). (一个恰当的例子是基于优点的科学和关于自恋的研究之间微妙且被误解的重叠。)”引出本文要讨论的话题：人们倾向于将青少年的自信误解为自恋，接着分析了这种现象及其背后的原因。由此可推测出，A项“青少年被误解的自信”最适合作本文标题。故选A。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。请将答案写在答题卷上。
Which is healthier: a bag f crisps r a vegetable salad? That is easy. Nw which is healthier: a pizza made frm scratch r ne made frm the same basic ingredients, with the same number f calries, pulled ut f a bx in the freezer? Many peple wuld instinctively say the frmer, perhaps shwing a vague cncern with prcessed fd. Such fd can ften be delicius. And there is much t cheer abut calries being cheap and abundant. ___16___
What’s the distinctin between “ultra-prcessed fd(upf)” and “prcessed fd”? Almst everything peple cnsume is prcessed in sme frm. Rice is harvested; animals are butchered. Upf is usually described as “frmulatins f ingredients, made by a series f industrial prcesses, many requiring advanced equipment and technlgy”. ___17___ The ne in the freezer, with its extra, mdified ingredients, is upf.
Upf harms peple in ways bth knwn and unknwn. It seems t affect the trillins f bacteria that cntribute t health in a range f ways. Calrie-rich but usually nutrient-pr, upf cntributes t besity.
Upf displaces healthier alternatives, particularly fr pr peple. ___18___ Extra weight was nce a sign f wealth, but amng British and American wmen tday, besity rates are higher at lwer-incme levels.
___19___ Fd additives that may be safe in small quantities may be harmful in cmbinatin with ther chemicals r when cnsumed regularly. If we are what we eat, cnsidering the impact f upf is essential.
___20___ Peple wh live in s-called “fd swamps”, where upf is everywhere but real fd is harder t reach, culd spend large amunts f time and mney seeking ut fresh fd, but that is nt hw mst peple live. There is nthing wrng with the dd fast-fd trip, but anyne wh can affrd t eat less upf prbably shuld.
A. Envirnment matters, t.
B. It’s cheap t prduce and buy.
C. But that cheapness and abundance cme at a cst.
D. Even fds labeled “natural” r “rganic” can be prcessed.
E. A pizza made frm scratch cntains minimally prcessed fd.
F. Sme peple have a particular weakness fr salty ptat crisps.
G. The reasns why upf can be harmful are nt always clear, even t scientists.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. B 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了要警惕超加工食品的危害。
【16题详解】
前文“Many peple wuld instinctively say the frmer, perhaps shwing a vague cncern with prcessed fd. Such fd can ften be delicius. And there is much t cheer abut calries being cheap and abundant.(许多人会本能地说前者，也许是对加工食品的模糊担忧。这样的食物往往很美味。还有很多值得欢呼的又便宜又丰富的卡路里。)”讲述了薯片和冷冻披萨这类加工食品的美味且具有便宜又丰富的卡路里，空处应承接上文，C项“但这种便宜和丰富是有代价的。”符合题意，且选项中的cheapness and abundance对应前句中的cheap and abundant。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据第一段中的“a pizza made frm scratch r ne made frm the same basic ingredients, with the same number f calries, pulled ut f a bx in the freezer”；前一句“Upf is usually described as “frmulatins f ingredients, made by a series f industrial prcesses, many requiring advanced equipment and technlgy”.(超加工食品通常被描述为“通过一系列工业过程制成的成分配方，其中许多需要先进的设备和技术”。)”和后文“The ne in the freezer, with its extra, mdified ingredients, is upf.(冰箱里的那个，加上它额外的、经过改良的成分，是‘超加工食品’。)”可知，后文说了冰箱里的披萨属于“超加工食品”，而第一段比较了从头制作的披萨和冰箱里冷冻的披萨，由此可知，空格前提到什么样的是超加工食品，空处应谈论从头制作的披萨，E项“从头开始做的披萨含有最低限度的加工食品。”符合题意。故选E。
【18题详解】
前文“Upf displaces healthier alternatives, particularly fr pr peple.(超加工食品取代了更健康的替代品，尤其是对穷人来说。)”讲述了穷人用超加工食品代替了跟健康的替代品，空处应对前文进行解释说明，B项“生产和购买它都很便宜。”解释了前文做法，且It指代Upf 。故选B。
19题详解】
后文“Fd additives that may be safe in small quantities may be harmful in cmbinatin with ther chemicals r when cnsumed regularly.(食品添加剂在小剂量的情况下可能是安全的，但与其他化学品结合使用或定期食用时可能有害。)”讲述了少量使用食品添加剂是安全的，但在某些情况下会有害，由此可知，空处应是说超加工食品可能有害的原因并不清楚。G项“超加工食品为何有害的原因并不总是清晰明了，甚至连科学家也不清楚。”符合题意。故选G。
【20题详解】
后文“Peple wh live in s-called ‘fd swamps’, where upf is everywhere but real fd is harder t reach, culd spend large amunts f time and mney seeking ut fresh fd, but that is nt hw mst peple live. (有些人生活在所谓的‘食物沼泽’中，那里的超加工食品无处不在，但真正的健康食物却很难获得，人们可能要花费大量的时间和金钱去寻找新鲜食物，但这并不是大多数人的生活方式。)”讲述了有些人生活在超加工食品泛滥的环境中，他们很难获得健康的食物，由此可知，人们所处的环境对健康也很重要。A项“环境也很重要。”符合题意。故选A。
第三部分 英语知识运用(满分40分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Why Sme Brilliant Ideas Get Overlked?
In 1928, Karl Jansky, a yung radi engineer at Bell Telephne Labratries, began researching static interference. Five years later, after investigating every pssibility, he published his remarkable ___21___: sme f the static was cming frm the Milky Way.
Jansky’s thery was eye-catching enugh t be published in The New Yrk Times but scientists were ___22___. Radi signals frm uter space? Surely they were t weak t detect. Jansky’s ideas were largely ___23___ fr abut a decade. Thankfully, he lived lng enugh t see his ideas blssm int field f radi astrnmy.
Jansky’s stry resnates with us: we all like the idea f the researcher wh is s far ahead f their ___24___that it takes years fr the rest f the wrld t catch up. Gregr Mendel’s research int plant genetics is a famus example — published in 1866. It wasn’t taken seriusly until 1900.
The stries f Jansky and Mendel hld ut sme hpe t anyne wh feels that the wrld has nt quite___25___ their brilliance. There is even a name fr such cases by Anthny van Raan f Leiden University: “Sleeping Beauties”, scientific papers that are nt referred t later fr years, befre finding wide ___26___. (Sme schlars argue that the term is sexist and prefer “delayed recgnitin”.)
S what is it abut an idea that delays recgnitin? One view is that brilliant ideas are verlked when delivered by unclearly expressed messengers. Jansky and Mendel were smewhat ff the scientific ___27___. In 1970, the scilgist Stephen Cle published an analysis arguing that the bstacle tended t lie in the ___28___ f the idea itself, rather than the reputatin f the scientist behind it. Ideas fell asleep fr a hundred years because they were cnfusing.
Tw schlars f the field, Eugene Garfield and Wlfgand Glanzel, have argued that such ___29___ f delayed recgnitin are s rare as t be hard t analyse. Studying papers published in 1980, they lked fr articles that were barely cited (引用) fr five years and fund just 60 examples cited later in 450,000 cases. Unfrtunately, they ____30____ their wrk in 2004.
Why, then, is this myth such an appealing ne? One explanatin is that we all lve a stry f the underdg (黑马) wh succeeds against ____31____. Immediate and sustained success is as bring as immediate and sustained failure.
Anther is that scientists themselves are fnd f the thught that their ideas are ____32____. In an essay n delayed recgnitin, Garfield ntes mildly that ne histrian f science, Derek Price, believed ne f his wn papers was suffering delayed recgnitin.
Delayed recgnitin is rare. Much mre ____33____ is fr peple simply t reach their prime late in life. David Galensn is an ecnmist wh studies the creative utput f musicians, artists, directrs and thers. Galensn has fund that while it is quite pssible t ____34____ as a radical yung artist, there are many examples f “ld masters” whse later wrks are mre admired than their yuthful nes.
We all need t be able t hld n t the idea that the best is yet t cme. But we can’t just hpe what we have already prduced will, ne day, be recgnized fr its brilliance. Gd things d nt cme t thse wh wait, if____35____ is all they d. It is wiser t get back t wrk and make smething better.
21. A. cnclusinB. deviceC. inventinD. paper
22. A. unreliableB. uncmfrtableC. unimpressedD. unsatisfactry
23. A. criticizedB. keptC. ignredD. inspected
24. A. missinB. galC. scheduleD. time
25. A. lst tuch withB. had a gd knwledge fC. made gd use fD. taken advantage f
26. A. attentinB. platfrmC. spaceD. visin
27. A. dataB. kingdmC. mainstreamD. prf
28. A. cntentB. riginC. ppularityD. presence
29. A. examplesB. lettersC. reprtsD. supprters
30. A. brke ffB. paid ffC. switched ffD. tk ff
31. A. the authritiesB. the ddsC. the ppsiteD. the wrng
32. A. underappreciatedB. underdevelpedC. underequippedD. underperfrmed
33. A. challengingB. cmmnC. cmplicatedD. difficult
34. A. break thrughB. get thrughC. make ends meetD. make sense
35. A. cmplainingB. scializingC. thinkingD. waiting
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要论述了为什么一些绝妙的想法被忽视，并用相关的例子进行说明。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：五年后，在调查了各种可能性之后，他发表了他的非凡结论：一些静电来自银河系。A. cnclusin结论；B. device设备；C. inventin发明；D. paper论文。根据上文“Five years later, after investigating every pssibility(五年后，在调查了各种可能性之后)”及下文“sme f the static was cming frm the Milky Way.(一些静电来自银河系)”可知，此处是他经过调查后，得出的结论。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：扬斯基的理论引人注目，足以发表在《纽约时报》上，但科学家们却不为所动。A. unreliable不可靠的；B. uncmfrtable不舒服的；C. unimpressed不感兴趣的；D. unsatisfactry不令人满意的。根据下文“Radi signals frm uter space? Surely they were t weak t detect.(来自外太空的无线电信号？当然，它们太弱了，无法察觉)”可知，此处指科学家们不感兴趣，不为所动。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：扬斯基的想法在大约十年的时间里基本上被忽视了。A. criticized批评；B. kept保持；C. ignred忽视；D. inspected检查。根据下文“Thankfully, he lived lng enugh t see his ideas blssm int field f radi astrnmy.(谢天谢地，他活得足够长，看到他的想法在射电天文学领域开花结果)”可知，扬斯基的想法在大约十年的时间里基本上被忽视了。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：扬斯基的故事让我们产生了共鸣：我们都喜欢这位研究人员的想法，他远远领先于他们的时代，以至于世界上的其他人需要几年的时间才能赶上。A. missin任务；B. gal目标；C. schedule计划表；D. time时代。根据下文“that it takes years fr the rest f the wrld t catch up.(其他人需要几年的时间才能赶上)”可知，此处指领先于他们的时代，固定短语ahead f time表示“领先时代，提前”。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：杨斯基和孟德尔的故事给那些认为世界对他们的才华还不够了解的人带来了一些希望。A. lst tuch with与……失去联系；B. had a gd knwledge f有很好的了解；C. made gd use f充分利用；D. taken advantage f利用。根据上文“Jansky’s ideas were largely ___3___ fr abut a decade.(扬斯基的想法在大约十年的时间里基本上被忽视了)”及“Gregr Mendel’s research int plant genetics is a famus example — published in 1866. It wasn’t taken seriusly until 1900.(孟德尔对植物遗传学的研究就是一个著名的例子，发表于1866年。直到1900年，它才受到重视)”可知，扬斯基和孟德尔的才华在当时被世界所忽视，所以这里指给那些认为世界还没有完全了解他们的才华的人带来了一些希望。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：莱顿大学Anthny van Raan甚至为这类案例起了一个名字：“睡美人”，这些科学论文在得到广泛关注之前，多年都不会被人提及。A. attentin关注；B. platfrm平台；C. space空间；D. visin幻想。根据下文“Sme schlars argue that the term is sexist and prefer “delayed recgnitin”.(一些学者认为这个词是性别歧视，更倾向于“延迟识别”)”可知，这些科学论文一开始没有人得到广泛关注。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：扬斯基和孟德尔在某种程度上脱离了科学主流。A. data数据；B. kingdm王国；C. mainstream主流；D. prf证据。根据上文“One view is that brilliant ideas are verlked when delivered by unclearly expressed messengers.(有一种观点认为，当表达不清楚的信使传达出绝妙的想法时，它们就会被忽视)”可知，此处指扬斯基和孟德尔在某种程度上脱离了科学主流。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：1970年，社会学家斯蒂芬·科尔发表了一篇分析文章，认为障碍往往在于这个想法本身的内容，而不是背后科学家的声望。A. cntent内容；B. rigin起源；C. ppularity受欢迎；D. presence存在。根据下文“f the idea itself, rather than the reputatin f the scientist behind it.(这个想法本身，而不是背后的科学家的声望)”可知，斯蒂芬·科尔发表了一篇分析文章，认为障碍往往在于这个想法本身的内容，而不是背后科学家的声望。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该领域的两位学者尤金·加菲尔德和沃尔夫冈·格兰泽尔认为，这种延迟识别的例子非常罕见，以至于很难分析。A. examples例子；B. letters信；C. reprts报告；D. supprters支持者。根据下文“s rare as t be hard t analyse.”可知，此处指的是延迟识别的例子非常罕见，以至于很难分析。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：不幸的是，他们在2004年中断了他们的工作。A. brke ff中断；B. paid ff支付；C. switched ff关闭；D. tk ff起飞。根据上文“Unfrtunately”可知，他们寻找那些在五年内几乎没有被引用的文章，然后就中断了。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一种解释是，我们都喜欢弱者克服困难获得成功的故事。A. the authrities当局；B. the dds逆境；C. the ppsite相反；D. the wrng错误。根据上文“One explanatin is that we all lve a stry f the underdg (黑马) wh succeeds(一种解释是，我们都喜欢弱者成功的故事)”及下文“Immediate and sustained success is as bring as immediate and sustained failure.(即时持续的成功和即时持续的失败一样无聊)”可知，我们都喜欢弱者战胜逆境的故事。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一个原因是科学家们自己喜欢认为他们的想法不被重视。A. underappreciated不受重视；B. underdevelped发展不完全；C. underequipped装备不足；D. underperfrmed表现不佳。根据下文“In an essay n delayed recgnitin, Garfield ntes mildly that ne histrian f science, Derek Price, believed ne f his wn papers was suffering delayed recgnitin.(在一篇关于延迟认可的文章中，加菲尔德温和地指出，科学历史学家德里克·普莱斯认为他自己的一篇论文受到了延迟认可)”可知，另一个原因是科学家们自己喜欢认为他们的想法不被重视。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更常见的是，人们只是在晚年才达到巅峰。A. challenging调整性的；B. cmmn普通的；C. cmplicated复杂的；D. difficult困难的。根据下文“there are many examples f “ld masters” whse later wrks are mre admired than their yuthful nes.(有许多“老大师”的后期作品比他们年轻时的作品更受赞赏)”可知，更常见的是，人们只是在晚年才达到巅峰。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：盖伦森发现，作为一名激进的年轻艺术家，虽然很有可能取得突破，但有很多“老大师”的后期作品比他们年轻时的作品更受赞赏。A. break thrugh突破；B. get thrugh度过；C. make ends meet收支平衡；D. make sense有意义。根据上文“while(虽然)”下文“as a radical yung artist, there are many examples f “ld masters” whse later wrks are mre admired than their yuthful nes.”可知，作为一个激进的年轻观念艺术家，虽然很有可能取得突破，但有很多“老大师”的后期作品比他们年轻时的作品更受赞赏。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：好事不会降临那些等待的人身上，如果他们只会等待的话。A. cmplaining投诉；B. scializing社交；C. thinking思考；D. waiting等待。根据上文“Gd things d nt cme t thse wh wait(好事情不会降临到那些等待的人身上)”可知，好事不会降临那些等待的人身上，如果他们只会等待的话。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Hng Kng-Zhuhai-Maca Bridge (HZMB), the ___36___ (eight) wnder f the 21st century, pened ___37___ the mrning f Octber 24th, 2018. The bridge links three areas, making ___38___ much mre cnvenient t travel frm ne t anther. Since pening, the three-hur drive between Hng Kng, Zhuhai and Maca ___39___ (shrten) t 30 minutes.
The prject invlved ver 400 new patents, brke seven wrld recrds, and featured ___40___ (independent) develped key techniques and design. After ___41___ 8-year struggle, the success f the HZMB achieves ___42___ several generatins have been dreaming f, and amazes the whle wrld with its demnstratin f perfect skills and high-level Chinese standards. The bridge is intended t be ___43___ (rely) fr mre than 120 years. Frm the Belt and Rad Initiative t “Created in China”, there is always a grup f peple ___44___ (prvide) strng technical supprt fr each f the cuntry’s huge prjects. Frm the beginning in December 2009 t the day f the fficial pening, all _____45_____ (walk) f life made great cntributins t the design and cnstructin f the HZMB, cntributing “Wisdm f China”.
【答案】36. eighth
37. n 38. it
39. has been shrtened
40. independently
41. an 42. what
43. reliable
44. prviding
45. walks
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了港珠澳大桥的修建过程以及重要意义。
【36题详解】
考查数词。句意：2018年10月24日上午，21世纪第八大奇迹——港珠澳大桥正式通车。此处表示“第八”应用序数词eighth。故填eighth。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：2018年10月24日上午，21世纪第八大奇迹——港珠澳大桥正式通车。表示在具体某天的上午，应用介词n。故填n。
【38题详解】
考查it用法。句意：这座桥连接了三个地区，使得从一个地区到另一个地区旅行更加方便。此处为“make it adj. t d sth.”结构，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语。故填it。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：自开通以来，香港、珠海和澳门之间的3小时车程已缩短至30分钟。分析句子可知，shrten是谓语动词，与主语drive构成被动关系，结合上文Since pening可知应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为the three-hur drive，助动词用has。故填has been shrtened。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：该项目涉及400多项新专利，打破7项世界纪录并自主研发了关键技术和设计。修饰动词develp应用副词independently，作状语。故填independently。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：经过8年的奋斗，港珠澳大桥实现了几代人的梦想，以其精湛的技术和高水平的中国标准震撼了全世界。泛指“一个8年的奋斗”，且8（eight）以元音音素开头。故填an。
【42题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：经过8年奋斗，港珠澳大桥实现了几代人的梦想，以其精湛的技术和高水平的中国标准震撼了全世界。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，应用what引导。故填what。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这座桥预计可以可靠使用120年以上。作表语，结合语境表示“可靠的”应用形容词reliable。故填reliable。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从“一带一路”倡议到“中国创造”，总有一群为国家每一个重大项目提供强大的技术支持的人。分析句子结构可知prvide在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语peple构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填prviding。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：从2009年12月开始到正式启用，社会各界为港珠澳大桥的设计和建设做出了巨大贡献，贡献了“中国的智慧”。结合句意表示“社会各界”可知短语为all walks f life。故填walks。
第三节 单词拼写 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据首字母或中文提示，用对应单词的适当形式填空。
Our jb is t prtect and ____46____ (使恢复) the natural envirnment. This includes keeping the riginal envirnment frm being tuched as well as a____47____ new, sustainable ways f feeding farm animals.
Yu need t wrk tgether, and that means cmmunicating with each ther clearly and r____48____ cnflicts with yur teammates. Remember, ne f the best ____49____(策略) is clear cmmunicatin.
Riley lses her happy cre memries and starts t feel lst and helpless. Wrried abut her, Jy and Sadness try t wrk tgether t ____50____(确保) she gets her cre memries back. Accepting sadness as part f life helps Riley deal with the emtinal ____51____(复杂性) f grwing up.
Ryan needed 2,000 dllars t build the well s he started t ask fr help frm his classmates and neighbrs and persuaded them int d____52____ mney, indicating that he had the curage and ____53____(坚持不懈) t make his dream a reality.
Wintn established an ffice t keep recrds f the children and then returned t Britain t try t find ____54____(暂时的) hmes fr them. During Wrld WarⅡ, he served in the British Ryal Air Frce. He left the m_____55_____ in 1954.
【答案】46. restre
47. adpting
48. reslving
49. strategies
50. ensure/guarantee
51. cmplexity
52. dnating
53. perseverance/persistence
54. temprary
55. military
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和他的队友团结协作，一起保护自然环境以及使自然环境得到恢复。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的工作是保护自然环境以及使自然环境得到恢复。根据汉语提示“使恢复”可知，此处需要动词restre，和前面的prtect构成不定式充当句子表语，此处需要动词原形，故填restre。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这包括保持原始环境不被破坏，采纳一种新的、可持续的喂养农场动物的方法。根据首字母以及句意可知，应使用动词adpt“采纳”，此处用作include的宾语，需要动名词形式，故填adpting。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你们需要一起工作，这意味着要清楚地相互沟通，并解决与队友的冲突。根据首字母以及句意可知，应使用动词reslve“解决”，此处需要动名词充当动词means的宾语充当句子的，故填reslving。
【49题详解】
考查可数名词复数形式。句意：记住，最好的策略之一就是明确的沟通。根据汉语提示“策略”可知，此处需要名词strategy充当介词f的宾语句子，用于“ne f+可数名词复数形式”结构中，此处应使用复数形式，故填strategies。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因为担心她，Jy和Sadness试图尽力一起工作来确保她恢复了核心记忆。根据汉语提示“确保”可知，此处需要动词ensure或者guarantee构成不定式充当句子的目的状语，此处需要动词原形。故填ensure/guarantee。
【51题详解】
考查不可数名词。句意：接受悲伤作为生活的一部分有助于莱利应对成长过程中的情感复杂性。根据汉语提示“复杂性”以及句意可知，此处需要名词cmplexity充当介词with的宾语，不可数，故填cmplexity。
【52题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：瑞安需要2, 000美元来修建这口井，所以他开始向他的同学和邻居求助，并说服他们捐钱，这表明他有勇气和坚持不懈的毅力来实现他的梦想。根据首字母以及句意可知，应使用动词dnate“捐赠”，此处需要动名词充当介词int的宾语，故填dnating。
【53题详解】
考查不可数名词。句意同上题。根据汉语提示“坚持不懈”以及句意可知，此处需要名词perseverance或者persistence充当句子的宾语，不可数，故填perseverance/persistence。
【54题详解】
考查形容词。句意：温顿建立了一个办公室来保存这些孩子的记录，然后回到英国尽力为他们找到暂时的家。根据汉语提示“暂时的”以及句意可知，此处需要形容词temprary充当定语修饰名词hmes，故填temprary。
【55题详解】
考查名词。句意：他于1954年离开了部队。根据首字母以及句意可知，应使用名词military“军队”充当句子的宾语，故填military。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
56. 假设你是某中学学生李华，你的英国朋友Jerry发来电子邮件诉说他的烦恼：他们小组正在为学校将举办的一场辩论比赛做准备，但是他的小组成员之一Tm不愿意为团队工作做出贡献，他不知道怎么办才好。请你给Jerry写一封回信，针对他的烦恼，提出一些建议。
内容包括：1. 表示安慰
2. 可行建议
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：1.写作词数应为100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jerry,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jerry,
I’m srry t learn that yur team member Tm wn’t make a cntributin t the debate t be held in yur schl, despite all yur devtin t it. But life isn’t always a bed f rses. The fllwing suggestins might help.
First, yu can try t figure ut why Tm is unwilling t cperate, because everything happens fr a reasn. Then yu’d better have a sincere talk with Tm t deal with the prblems bthering him, and stress the imprtance f the debate and teamwrk at the same time. Last, yu shuld lk fr anther ptential teammate in case he desn’t change his mind.
I hpe things will wrk ut. Lking frward t yur gd news.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封信建议信，针对朋友Jerry的烦恼提出一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestin→tip
举办：hld→hst
处理：deal with→d with
寻找：lk fr→seek
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I hpe things will wrk ut.
拓展句：I hpe things will wrk ut s that yu can make full preparatins fr the debate.
【点睛】【句式拓展1】 I’m srry t learn that yur team member Tm wn’t make a cntributin t the debate t be held in yur schl, despite all yur devtin t it. （运用了that引导的宾语从句，和不定式的被动语态作后置定语）
【高分句型2】Last, yu shuld lk fr anther ptential teammate in case he desn’t change his mind.（运用了in case引导的目的状语从句）
第二节 读后续写(满分15分)
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There Are N Vans
T me, what Thanksgiving really means is giving gd thanks, nt eating turkey. By the time I was 18 I had created my Thanksgiving ritual(惯例). I wuld g ut shpping and buy enugh fd fr ne r tw families. Then I wuld dress like a delivery by, g t the prest neighbrhd and just knck n a dr, and wuld always include a nte saying “All that I ask in return is that yu take gd enugh care f yurself s that smeday yu can d the same thing fr smene else.” I have received mre frm this annual ritual than I have frm any amunt f mney I’ve ever earned, especially ne such experience in New Yrk City.
Several years ag I was in New Yrk City with my newly married wife during Thanksgiving. She was sad because we were nt with ur family. Nrmally she wuld be hme decrating the huse fr Christmas, but we were stuck here in a htel rm. I said, “Hney, lk, why dn’t we decrate sme lives tday instead f sme trees?” When I tld her what I always d n Thanksgiving, she gt excited. I said, “Let’s g smeplace where we can really appreciate wh we are, what we are able t d and what we can really give. Let’s g t the pr neighbrhd Harlem and feed sme peple there in need. We’ll g buy enugh fd fr six r seven families fr 30 days. We’ve gt enugh. Let’s g d it!”
We started by getting a van, but there seemed n vans in all f New Yrk City. The rent-a-car places were all ut f vans. My wife was disappinted, and I said, “Lk, the bttm line is that if we want smething, we can make it happen! All we have t d is take actin. There are plenty f vans here in New Yrk City. Lk dwn at the street. D yu see all thse vans? Let’s g get ne!” My wife agreed and we tk actin.
We tried stpping vans as they were driving dwn the street. I learned smething abut New Yrk drivers that day: they dn’t stp; they speed up. Then we tried waiting by the light. We’d g ver, knck n the windw and the driver wuld rll it dwn, lking at us in alarm, and I’d ask if he wuld drive us t Harlem s we culd help sme peple. Every time the driver wuld lk away quickly, furiusly rll up the windw and pull away withut saying anything. My wife was ready t give up, but I said, “It’s the law f averages: smebdy is ging t say yes.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Eventually a van drve up and the driver said yes.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Eventually a van drve up and the driver said yes. We were wild with jy and climbed nt the van. Upn arrival, he led us t a stre where we bught lts f fd and sme baskets. Tgether we packed them up, carried them nt the van and went t buildings where there were even peple living withut electricity. It was a truly fulfilling experience t make even a small difference. We can make anything happen if we cmmit t it and take actin. Miracles like this happen every day—even in a city where “there are n vans”.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者多年来一直坚持在感恩节帮助穷人，而几年前，作者告知了新婚妻子自己一直以来做的事情。妻子也想和作者一起帮助穷人，可是，他们找不到一辆货车帮助他们运输食物。最后还是一个好心的司机帮助了他们。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由段首句内容“最后一辆货车开了过来，司机答应了。”可知，第一段可描写作者和妻子顺利地帮助了穷人。
2.续写线索：一个好心的货车司机终于帮助了他们——欣喜若狂地上了货车——购买食物——送给穷人——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①购买：buy/purchase
②致力于、投入：cmmit t/devte t
③采取措施：take actin/take steps
情绪类
① 开心：jy/delight
② 令人满意的：fulfilling/satisfactry
【点睛】【高分句型1】Upn arrival, he led us t a stre where we bught lts f fd and sme baskets.（运用了where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Tgether we packed them up, carried them nt the van and went t buildings where there were even peple living withut electricity.（运用了where引导的定语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CCAAB 6-10 ABACC 11-15 BABCB 16-20 CACBA Carbn Emissins Calculatr (CEC) fr Air Travel (iOS-Free) This app allws passengers t estimate the carbn emissins attributed t their air travel. It is simple t use—just select yur rigin and destinatin airprts, specify the class f travel and number f passengers. View the carbn ftprint and the distance traveled fr yur trip.
Fducate (iOS and Andrid-$4. 99) This app empwers fd shppers everywhere t make healthy, infrmed decisins while at the supermarket. Scan yur fd and Fducate generates a letter grade (A, B, C, r D) fr each prduct scanned, alng with brief explanatins and warnings abut its nutrients and ingredients. There is als an ptin t enter the bar cde manually. The app will recmmend minimally prcessed, real fds which are naturally rich in nutrients and antixidants.
Lcavre (iOS and Andrid-Free) If yu’re lking fr the clsest farmers market selling yur favrite in seasn prduce, then Lcavre is the app fr yu. Lcavre is a great app fr thse searching fr lcal, in seasn, rganic fds in yur area. The app has ne-click access t thusands f healthy, seasnal recipes and ther infrmatin that can be shared with yur friends and family. I like hw the app nt nly lets yu knw which fruits and veggies are in seasn—it als lets yu knw hw lng they’ll be in seasn.
Zimride (iOS and Andrid-Free) Ridesharing apps are all the rage. Zimride is a new spin n ridesharing, using scial netwrks t enable real cnnectins. Once yu set up a prfile yu are able t bk a ride in yur area, r pst a ride f yur wn. Drivers can charge fr rides and Zimride desn’t take a cut. Rides seem t be reasnably priced and since prfiles are linked with Facebk it’s easy t check ut yur ptential ride cmpanins.
试卷说明：
英语考试时间共120分钟，满分150分。英语试题卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)。考试做答时，须将答案答在答题卡上，在本试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the wman need t buy?
A. Trusers. B. Shrts. C. Shirts.
2. What did the man d in tday’s class?
A. He sang a sng.
B. He played an instrument.
C. He wrte dwn sme names.
3. What happened t the wman?
A. She has been ill.
B. She missed a party.
C. She didn’t sleep well last night.
4. Hw des the man sund nw?
A. Unhappy. B. Helpful. C. Srry.
5. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. The best way f traveling.
B. The plite behavir in public.
C. The structure f a subway statin.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers?
A. In an ffice. B. In a restaurant. C. In the wman’s huse.
7. Why des the man cme t the wman?
A. T invite her t a meeting.
B. T shw his cncern fr her.
C. T share his business ideas.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What did the man’s teacher ask him t d?
A. Make a presentatin.
B. Sign up fr a science curse.
C. Intrduce a technlgy t his mther.
9. When did the man start studying the technlgy?
A. Last year. B. A week ag. C. Yesterday.
10. What is the technlgy used fr?
A. Lking fr ancient things.
B. Carrying a rcket.
C. Observing uter space.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Ck and custmer.
12. Which meal is the man cking nw?
A. Breakfast. B. Lunch. C. Dinner.
13. What will the wman d next?
A. Cut meat. B. Ck eggs. C. Make pancakes.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. At what age did the man begin shwing interest in theater?
A. 8 B. 10. C. 18.
15. What des the wman d?
A. She’s a directr. B. She’s a singer. C. She’s a teacher.
16. What des the man hpe t d in the future?
A. Create a small theater. B. Study Italian peras. C. Help yung actrs.
17. What des the wman say abut acting?
A. It is valuable. B. It is just enjyment. C. It is difficult t learn.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Which place is the speaker talking abut?
A. A city in nrthwest Eurpe.
B. The capital city f Turkey.
C. Her hme city.
19. What is the city mst famus fr accrding t the speaker?
A. Twers. B. Temples. C. Markets.
20. Hw is the speaker sharing the infrmatin?
A. By psting a vide. B. By writing an e-mail. C. By publishing an article.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Tp Apps Fr Climate Activists
The wrld ppulatin is at 7 billin and it’s predicted that by the end f this year there will be ne smartphne fr every five peple in the wrld. That’s a lt f phnes and a lt f infrmatin literally at ur fingertips.
Infrmatin is cnstantly changing and thse f us wrking hard t prtect the envirnment fr urselves and future generatins need t have access t up-t-date material. Being a climate change activist can be time cnsuming. But there’s an app (r ten) fr that! The number f apps ut there is staggering.
With these apps yu’ll be amazed at hw easy it is t stay in the knw when it cmes t yur health, and the health f the envirnment.
1. Accrding t this text, the authr recmmends APPs because________.
A. thse APPs culd help peple gain the up-t-date material
B. thse APPs culd frecast the changing climate accurately
C. thse APPs culd help peple wh have a fast-paced lifestyle
D. thse APPs are free fr thse peple wh have a designated phne
2. If yu want t find in seasn fds, which Apps shuld yu dwnlad?
A. Zimride.B. Fducate.C. Lcavre.D. CEC fr Air Travel.
3. What can we learn abut the APPs mentined in this passage?
A. Zimride will charge fr rides and then take a cut.
B. Lcavre can tell us which fruits and meat are in seasn.
C. CEC fr Air Travel can calculate the accurate carbn emissins f passengers.
D. Fducate will recmmend minimally prcessed fds naturally rich in nutrients and antixidants.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是气候活动家的最佳应用程序。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Infrmatin is cnstantly changing and thse f us wrking hard t prtect the envirnment fr urselves and future generatins need t have access t up-t-date material. Being a climate change activist can be time cnsuming. But there’s an app (r ten) fr that! The number f apps ut there is staggering.(信息是不断变化的，我们这些努力为自己和后代保护环境的人需要获得最新的材料。成为一名气候变化活动家可能会耗费大量时间。但有一个应用程序（或十个）可以做到这一点！应用程序的数量惊人。)”可知，作者推荐这些app是因为这些应用程序可以帮助人们获得最新的材料，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lcavre部分的“If yu’re lking fr the clsest farmers market selling yur favrite in seasn prduce, then Lcavre is the app fr yu. Lcavre is a great app fr thse searching fr lcal, in seasn, rganic fds in yur area.(如果你正在寻找最近的农贸市场出售你最喜欢的时令农产品，那么Lcavre就是你的应用程序。Lcavre是一个为那些寻找当地应季的有机食品的伟大的应用程序。)”可知，如果你想找到应季食物，你应该下载Lcavre，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fducate部分的“The app will recmmend minimally prcessed, real fds which are naturally rich in nutrients and antixidants.(该应用程序将推荐最低限度加工的、天然的富含营养和抗氧化剂的真正食物。)”可知，Fducate会推荐天然的富含营养和抗氧化剂的低加工食品，故选D。
B
It was the day befre Thanksgiving and Kaleb Benham was wandering arund utside his hme in Nring Califrnia. His 90-pund pit bull, Buddy, was playing arund nearby, ding what dgs d: getting int truble. And this time, Buddy was getting int a whle lt f truble.
The unmistakable sund that n ne wants t hear alne in the wds caught Benham’s attentin. It was the deep, strange rar f a black bear. Benham wheeled arund t see the beast, which Benham figured weighed arund 350 punds, sme 100 feet away. In an instant, the bear fastened n t Buddy’s head and started dragging him away.
Benham, a thin, fit 24-year-ld, tk ff after them. “Hnestly,” he tld CBS13, “the nly thing I culd think f was ‘save my baby’.” Sprinting, he lwered his shulder and plwed int the bear. But it nly tightened its grip n Buddy. Benham grabbed the bear by the thrat. Nthing. He tried getting its muth pen, but the jaw was lcked tight. Benham resrted t street fighting—punching the bear ver and ver arund its snut and eye. It wrked. The bear drpped the dg and ran ff int the wds.
Buddy was in bad shape. His face was bldied and ripped up. His ears were dangling. He had a bite mark clear thrugh his lip and ne that barely missed an eye.
“My first thught was that I was ging t lse him,” Benham said. He scped up Buddy, put him int his car, and sped ff t a nearby veterinarian. Buddy’s surgery tk nearly fur hurs. Benham watched the prcedure thrugh a windw. “I just std there,” he said, watching as Buddy’s ears were stapled back n and skin flaps were stitched, and tubes were inserted int his head t drain fluid.
This was the secnd time Benham had rescued Buddy, says CBS13. The first was frm a shelter a few years ag. “If it was yur kid, what wuld yu d?” he asked. Ndding tward Buddy, he added, “That’s my kid.”
4. What is the text mainly abut?
A. A demanding surgery.B. A regular rutine.
C. A fearless pet dg.D. A daring rescue.
5. Why did the authr mentin the weight f the bear in paragraph 2?
A. T shw the difficulty f the rescue.
B. T indicate the besity f the bear.
C. T prve the excitement f Benham.
D. T describe the fear in Buddy’s heart.
6. Hw was the dg finally saved frm the bear?
A. Benham bumped int the beast with drpped shulder.
B. Benham frced pen the beast’s muth with lcked jaw.
C. Benham crushed the beast’s muth and nse repeatedly.
D. Benham finally cnquered the beast by grabbing its thrat.
7. Which wrd can best describe the relatinship between Benham and Buddy?
A. Cmplicated.B. Clse.
C. Rmantic.D. Healthy.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者勇斗熊营救自己的宠物狗的故事。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“ In an instant, the bear fastened n t Buddy’s head and started dragging him away.(瞬间，熊抓住巴迪的头，开始把他拖走)”可知，巴迪在树林里被熊袭击了，以及第三段“Benham, a thin, fit 24-year-ld, tk ff after them. “Hnestly,” he tld CBS13, “the nly thing I culd think f was ‘save my baby’.” Sprinting, he lwered his shulder and plwed int the bear. But it nly tightened its grip n Buddy. Benham grabbed the bear by the thrat. Nthing. He tried getting its muth pen, but the jaw was lcked tight. Benham resrted t street fighting—punching the bear ver and ver arund its snut and eye. It wrked. The bear drpped the dg and ran ff int the wds.（24岁的贝纳姆身材苗条，跟着他们跑。“老实说，”他告诉CBS13频道，“我唯一能想到的就是‘救我的孩子’。”他疾跑着，低下肩膀，狠狠地撞了那只熊。但它只会把巴迪抓得更紧。贝纳姆抓住熊的喉咙。什么都没有。他试着打开它的嘴，但它的下巴被紧紧地锁住了。贝纳姆采取了街头格斗的方式——在熊的鼻子和眼睛周围不停地拳打脚踢。它起作用了。熊扔下狗跑进了树林。）”可知，本文主要讲述的是一场大胆的营救。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Benham wheeled arund t see the beast, which Benham figured weighed arund 350 punds, sme 100 feet away. (贝纳姆转过身去看这只野兽，他估计它重约350磅，距离大约100英尺。)”可知，作者在第二段提到了熊的重量，以表明营救的困难。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Benham resrted t street fighting—punching the bear ver and ver arund its snut and eye. It wrked. The bear drpped the dg and ran ff int the wds.(贝纳姆采取了街头格斗的方式——在熊的鼻子和眼睛周围不停地拳打脚踢。它奏效了。熊扔下狗跑进了树林。)”可知，贝纳姆反复殴打这只野兽的嘴和鼻子，这条狗被救了。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“‘If it was yur kid, what wuld yu d?’ he asked. Ndding tward Buddy, he added, ‘That’s my kid.’.(“如果是你的孩子，你会怎么做?”他问。他朝巴迪点点头，补充说:“那是我的孩子。”)”可知，贝纳姆和巴迪之间的关系密切。故选B。
C
When yu see smene take that first sip f freshly made milk tea, their face lks like pure jy. Tday, millins f peple enjy this experience. Acrss the wrld, custmers flck t their favrite spts t meet with friends and savr sips f these tasty drinks.
In the early 2000s, thugh, milk tea was just cming n the scene. The few brands that had successfully established themselves in the industry were dearly cncerned: Wuld milk tea just be anther fashin fd? Sure, peple are enjying it tday, but wuld they still be in a year, r five years? And with s much new excitement fr this prduct, wuld peple be able t distinguish milk tea cmpanies?
These are the questins that Serenitea, a Manila-based milk-tea cmpany, faced in 2014. While successfully pening 60 stres, they fund themselves in a strategic fg, which led them t research int the deep, unexplred psychlgy f milk tea.
Like Airbnb, Serenitea partnered with an agency, CIA Btleg Manila (CBM), that specializes in drilling dwn t the deep cnsumer “why”. The agency cnducted a series f intensive, psychlgical-based techniques in its market research. Specifically, they prbed the cnsumer’s deeper, emtinal cnnectins t milk tea, including their earliest childhd memries f milk and tea.
What they fund was that milk tea was a cmplex tpic. Their research revealed that milk tea prduces three cnsistent psychlgical respnses. Peple cnnected t milk thrugh the cncept f nurturing (滋养); they fndly remembered their childhd and being cared fr by their mthers. Next, cnsumers cnnected tea t its healing prperties. Respndents wuld recall receiving tea when they had stmachache r seeing their parents drinking herbal tea fr health reasns. Lastly, they assciated milk tea itself with teenage fun: a guilty pleasure f their yuth.
They had uncvered the three psychlgical crnerstnes (基石) f the milk tea experience: nurturing, healing, and teenage fun. This set f insights was crucial. By integrating them int the cre f their brand strategy, they struck ut an entirely new path.
8. Which is clsest in meaning t “prbed ” in paragraph 4?
A. Applied.B. Related.C. Demnstrated.D. Investigated.
9. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Serenata planned t distinguish itself frm cmpetitrs.
B. Serenitea utperfrmed its ppnents in research field.
C. Serenitea suffered a temprary strategic failure in 2014.
D. Serenitea partnered with a leading psychlgical agency.
10. What can Serenitea d with the findings frm their research?
A. Offer as many new flavrs as pssible.
B. Create a yuthful and playful brand image.
C. Redesign stres by adding rmantic elements.
D Cnduct intensive market research with CBM.
11. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. A New Path t Business SuccessB. Three Crnerstnes f Milk Tea
C. Sharing the Pure Jy f Milk TeaD. Revealing Milk Tea Psychlgy
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了奶茶背后心理学原理的发现和揭示过程。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“While successfully pening 60 stres, they fund themselves in a strategic fg, which led them t research int the deep, unexplred psychlgy f milk tea.(在成功开设60家门店的同时，他们发现自己陷入了战略迷雾，这促使他们开始研究奶茶的深层次、未被探索的心理)”可知，他们要调查research int。结合第五段“What they fund was that milk tea was a cmplex tpic.(他们发现，奶茶是一个复杂的话题)”可知，他们调查出了结果。故划线词后文“the cnsumer’s deeper, emtinal cnnectins t milk tea, including their earliest childhd memries f milk and tea”指出了他们研究调查的细分领域。故划线词意思是“调查”。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“And with s much new excitement fr this prduct, wuld peple be able t distinguish milk tea cmpanies?(有了这么多新的兴奋点，人们能区分出奶茶公司吗？)”以及第三段“These are the questins that Serenitea, a Manila-based milk-tea cmpany, faced in 2014.(这些都是马尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea在2014年面临的问题)”可知，Serenata计划将自己与竞争对手区分开来。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Next, cnsumers cnnected tea t its healing prperties. Respndents wuld recall receiving tea when they had stmachache r seeing their parents drinking herbal tea fr health reasns. Lastly, they assciated milk tea itself with teenage fun: a guilty pleasure f their yuth.(其次，消费者将茶与它的治疗特性联系起来。受访者会回忆起当他们胃痛或看到他们的父母为了健康原因喝凉茶时收到的茶。最后，他们将奶茶本身与青少年的乐趣联系在一起：他们年轻时的一种罪恶的快乐)”以及最后一段“They had uncvered the three psychlgical crnerstnes (基石) f the milk tea experience: nurturing, healing, and teenage fun.(他们发现了奶茶体验的三个心理基石：养育、治疗和青少年乐趣)”可知，Serenitea可以用他们的研究结果打造年轻俏皮的品牌形象。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“These are the questins that Serenitea, a Manila-based milk-tea cmpany, faced in 2014. While successfully pening 60 stres, they fund themselves in a strategic fg, which led them t research int the deep, unexplred psychlgy f milk tea.(这些都是马尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea在2014年面临的问题。在成功开设60家门店的同时，他们发现自己陷入了战略迷雾，这促使他们开始研究奶茶的深层次、未被探索的心理)”以及文章主要说明了奶茶背后心理学原理的发现和揭示过程，按照时间顺序展开，从出现问题到寻求解决，最终找到答案。故D选项“揭示奶茶心理”最符合文章标题。故选D。
D
Psychlgical science is full f interesting tpics, many f which tell a cherent picture f human nature, but sme f which create seemingly cntradictry stries. A case in pint is the tricky, and misunderstd, verlap between strength-based science and the research n narcissism (自恋).
There is nw cnvincing evidence t shw that narcissism is n the rise, especially in ur yuth. Sme researchers have gne s far as t say that it is ccurring in epidemic prprtins, with abut 25% f yung peple shwing symptms f narcissism. The inflated eg f Generatin Me is reflected in reality TV, celebrity wrship, ut-f-cntrl cnsumerism and materialism…perhaps even a new type f president.
We are crrect t be cncerned abut this phenmenn but ur fear that all kids are ptential narcissists has caused an unhelpful cunter-reactin t appraches that seek t make ur children and teens feel gd abut themselves.
In my wn research n strength-based parenting, it is cmmn fr peple t wrngly label this apprach as a recipe fr narcissism. Their argument seems t be that a child wh knws their strengths will autmatically view themselves as better than everyne else. It is argued that the self-assurance that cmes with identifying and using their psitive qualities will make a child arrgant, selfish and uncaring. Genuine cnfidence abut ne’s strengths is categrized as ver-cnfidence; desirable self-knwledge is branded as excessive self-admiratin.
Why des this ccur? It’s partly because mre is knwn abut narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychlgy has largely stayed within the limit f academic jurnals r has been applied nly within certain cntexts such as the wrkplace, research n narcissism has made its way int the mass media and int ur cllective cnsciusness. The New Yrk Times nted that narcissism is a favred “g-t” tpic and that peple everywhere are diagnsing thers with it.
The fear that a strength-based apprach will cause narcissism als ccurs because we unknwingly fall prey t binary (非此即彼) thinking. We mistakenly believe that ne cannt be bth cnfident and humble. We fcus n Dnald Trump and Kim Kardashian rather than Mahatma Gandhi and Mther Teresa. There’s n way that Gandhi and Mther Teresa culd have achieved what they did withut cnfidence in their strengths, and yet they are bth pillars f mdesty and selflessness.
When we assume that strength-fcus is the same as a self-fcus, we fail t entertain the idea that peple wh knw their strengths are, actually, mre likely t be pr-scial and fcus n helping thers.
It’s tempting t cnclude that every yung persn is at risk f becming a narcissist but I’d like t stand up fr the thusands f yung kids I have wrked with wh are caring, thughtful and humble—even when they use their strengths.
12. Why teenagers’ strengths are ften mistaken fr narcissism?
A. Teenagers with strengths are always arrgant, selfish and uncaring.
B. The public are mre expsed t research n narcissism.
C. There is a lack f strengths in ur cllective cnsciusness.
D. Numbers f peple are diagnsed with narcissism by dctrs.
13. The authr mentins Gandhi and Teresa in paragraph 6 t shw that________.
A. they are bth victims f binary thinking
B. public figures unknwingly fall prey t narcissism
C. cnfidence is quite imprtant fr celebrities
D. ne can be bth mdest and sure f himself
14. What’s the authr’s attitude twards yung kids’ strength-based appraches?
A. Skeptical.B. Neutral.C. Favrable.D. Cautius.
15. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Teens’ Cnfidence Misunderstd
B. Teens’ Narcissism Diagnsis
C. Teens’ Anxiety and Depressin
D. Teens’ Strength Psychlgy
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人们倾向于将青少年的自信误解为自恋，并分析了其背后的原因。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Why des this ccur? It’s partly because mre is knwn abut narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychlgy has largely stayed within the limit f academic jurnals r has been applied nly within certain cntexts such as the wrkplace, research n narcissism has made its way int the mass media and int ur cllective cnsciusness. (为什么会发生这种情况？部分原因是人们对自恋的了解多于对优点的了解。尽管优点心理学在很大程度上还停留在学术期刊的范围内，或者只在特定的情境应用，如工作场所中，但关于自恋的研究已经进入了大众媒体和我们的集体意识。)”可知。对自恋的研究渗入到了大众媒体和人们的集体意识，而对优点的研究还停留在学术期刊的范围内或者特定的情境，由此可推测出，人们经常把青少年的优点误认为是自恋，这是因为人们更多地接触了关于自恋的研究，已经深入自我意识。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中的“We mistakenly believe that ne cannt be bth cnfident and humble. We fcus n Dnald Trump and Kim Kardashian rather than Mahatma Gandhi and Mther Teresa. There’s n way that Gandhi and Mther Teresa culd have achieved what they did withut cnfidence in their strengths, and yet they are bth pillars f mdesty and selflessness. (我们错误地认为人不可能在自信的同时保持谦逊。我们的目光都放在了特朗普和金·卡戴珊的身上，而忽略了甘地和特蕾莎修女。如果甘地和特蕾莎对自己的优点不够自信的话，他们不可能有如此成就，然而，他们同时还是谦逊和无私的人。)”可推知，提到甘地和特蕾莎修女是为了表明一个人可以同时保持谦逊和自信。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s tempting t cnclude that every yung persn is at risk f becming a narcissist but I’d like t stand up fr the thusands f yung kids I have wrked with wh are caring, thughtful and humble—even when they use their strengths. (人们很容易得出这样的结论：每个年轻人都有成为自恋者的风险，但我想维护我共事过的成千上万的年轻人，他们关心他人、有思想、谦逊——即使他们发挥了自己的优点。)”可知，作者认为即使年轻人发挥了自己的优点，他们仍然能够具有关心他人、有思想、谦逊这些优秀的品质，而不会变成自恋者，由此可推测出，作者对基于优点的方法持支持态度。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段中的“A case in pint is the tricky, and misunderstd, verlap between strength-based science and the research n narcissism (自恋). (一个恰当的例子是基于优点的科学和关于自恋的研究之间微妙且被误解的重叠。)”引出本文要讨论的话题：人们倾向于将青少年的自信误解为自恋，接着分析了这种现象及其背后的原因。由此可推测出，A项“青少年被误解的自信”最适合作本文标题。故选A。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。请将答案写在答题卷上。
Which is healthier: a bag f crisps r a vegetable salad? That is easy. Nw which is healthier: a pizza made frm scratch r ne made frm the same basic ingredients, with the same number f calries, pulled ut f a bx in the freezer? Many peple wuld instinctively say the frmer, perhaps shwing a vague cncern with prcessed fd. Such fd can ften be delicius. And there is much t cheer abut calries being cheap and abundant. ___16___
What’s the distinctin between “ultra-prcessed fd(upf)” and “prcessed fd”? Almst everything peple cnsume is prcessed in sme frm. Rice is harvested; animals are butchered. Upf is usually described as “frmulatins f ingredients, made by a series f industrial prcesses, many requiring advanced equipment and technlgy”. ___17___ The ne in the freezer, with its extra, mdified ingredients, is upf.
Upf harms peple in ways bth knwn and unknwn. It seems t affect the trillins f bacteria that cntribute t health in a range f ways. Calrie-rich but usually nutrient-pr, upf cntributes t besity.
Upf displaces healthier alternatives, particularly fr pr peple. ___18___ Extra weight was nce a sign f wealth, but amng British and American wmen tday, besity rates are higher at lwer-incme levels.
___19___ Fd additives that may be safe in small quantities may be harmful in cmbinatin with ther chemicals r when cnsumed regularly. If we are what we eat, cnsidering the impact f upf is essential.
___20___ Peple wh live in s-called “fd swamps”, where upf is everywhere but real fd is harder t reach, culd spend large amunts f time and mney seeking ut fresh fd, but that is nt hw mst peple live. There is nthing wrng with the dd fast-fd trip, but anyne wh can affrd t eat less upf prbably shuld.
A. Envirnment matters, t.
B. It’s cheap t prduce and buy.
C. But that cheapness and abundance cme at a cst.
D. Even fds labeled “natural” r “rganic” can be prcessed.
E. A pizza made frm scratch cntains minimally prcessed fd.
F. Sme peple have a particular weakness fr salty ptat crisps.
G. The reasns why upf can be harmful are nt always clear, even t scientists.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. B 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了要警惕超加工食品的危害。
【16题详解】
前文“Many peple wuld instinctively say the frmer, perhaps shwing a vague cncern with prcessed fd. Such fd can ften be delicius. And there is much t cheer abut calries being cheap and abundant.(许多人会本能地说前者，也许是对加工食品的模糊担忧。这样的食物往往很美味。还有很多值得欢呼的又便宜又丰富的卡路里。)”讲述了薯片和冷冻披萨这类加工食品的美味且具有便宜又丰富的卡路里，空处应承接上文，C项“但这种便宜和丰富是有代价的。”符合题意，且选项中的cheapness and abundance对应前句中的cheap and abundant。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据第一段中的“a pizza made frm scratch r ne made frm the same basic ingredients, with the same number f calries, pulled ut f a bx in the freezer”；前一句“Upf is usually described as “frmulatins f ingredients, made by a series f industrial prcesses, many requiring advanced equipment and technlgy”.(超加工食品通常被描述为“通过一系列工业过程制成的成分配方，其中许多需要先进的设备和技术”。)”和后文“The ne in the freezer, with its extra, mdified ingredients, is upf.(冰箱里的那个，加上它额外的、经过改良的成分，是‘超加工食品’。)”可知，后文说了冰箱里的披萨属于“超加工食品”，而第一段比较了从头制作的披萨和冰箱里冷冻的披萨，由此可知，空格前提到什么样的是超加工食品，空处应谈论从头制作的披萨，E项“从头开始做的披萨含有最低限度的加工食品。”符合题意。故选E。
【18题详解】
前文“Upf displaces healthier alternatives, particularly fr pr peple.(超加工食品取代了更健康的替代品，尤其是对穷人来说。)”讲述了穷人用超加工食品代替了跟健康的替代品，空处应对前文进行解释说明，B项“生产和购买它都很便宜。”解释了前文做法，且It指代Upf 。故选B。
19题详解】
后文“Fd additives that may be safe in small quantities may be harmful in cmbinatin with ther chemicals r when cnsumed regularly.(食品添加剂在小剂量的情况下可能是安全的，但与其他化学品结合使用或定期食用时可能有害。)”讲述了少量使用食品添加剂是安全的，但在某些情况下会有害，由此可知，空处应是说超加工食品可能有害的原因并不清楚。G项“超加工食品为何有害的原因并不总是清晰明了，甚至连科学家也不清楚。”符合题意。故选G。
【20题详解】
后文“Peple wh live in s-called ‘fd swamps’, where upf is everywhere but real fd is harder t reach, culd spend large amunts f time and mney seeking ut fresh fd, but that is nt hw mst peple live. (有些人生活在所谓的‘食物沼泽’中，那里的超加工食品无处不在，但真正的健康食物却很难获得，人们可能要花费大量的时间和金钱去寻找新鲜食物，但这并不是大多数人的生活方式。)”讲述了有些人生活在超加工食品泛滥的环境中，他们很难获得健康的食物，由此可知，人们所处的环境对健康也很重要。A项“环境也很重要。”符合题意。故选A。
第三部分 英语知识运用(满分40分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Why Sme Brilliant Ideas Get Overlked?
In 1928, Karl Jansky, a yung radi engineer at Bell Telephne Labratries, began researching static interference. Five years later, after investigating every pssibility, he published his remarkable ___21___: sme f the static was cming frm the Milky Way.
Jansky’s thery was eye-catching enugh t be published in The New Yrk Times but scientists were ___22___. Radi signals frm uter space? Surely they were t weak t detect. Jansky’s ideas were largely ___23___ fr abut a decade. Thankfully, he lived lng enugh t see his ideas blssm int field f radi astrnmy.
Jansky’s stry resnates with us: we all like the idea f the researcher wh is s far ahead f their ___24___that it takes years fr the rest f the wrld t catch up. Gregr Mendel’s research int plant genetics is a famus example — published in 1866. It wasn’t taken seriusly until 1900.
The stries f Jansky and Mendel hld ut sme hpe t anyne wh feels that the wrld has nt quite___25___ their brilliance. There is even a name fr such cases by Anthny van Raan f Leiden University: “Sleeping Beauties”, scientific papers that are nt referred t later fr years, befre finding wide ___26___. (Sme schlars argue that the term is sexist and prefer “delayed recgnitin”.)
S what is it abut an idea that delays recgnitin? One view is that brilliant ideas are verlked when delivered by unclearly expressed messengers. Jansky and Mendel were smewhat ff the scientific ___27___. In 1970, the scilgist Stephen Cle published an analysis arguing that the bstacle tended t lie in the ___28___ f the idea itself, rather than the reputatin f the scientist behind it. Ideas fell asleep fr a hundred years because they were cnfusing.
Tw schlars f the field, Eugene Garfield and Wlfgand Glanzel, have argued that such ___29___ f delayed recgnitin are s rare as t be hard t analyse. Studying papers published in 1980, they lked fr articles that were barely cited (引用) fr five years and fund just 60 examples cited later in 450,000 cases. Unfrtunately, they ____30____ their wrk in 2004.
Why, then, is this myth such an appealing ne? One explanatin is that we all lve a stry f the underdg (黑马) wh succeeds against ____31____. Immediate and sustained success is as bring as immediate and sustained failure.
Anther is that scientists themselves are fnd f the thught that their ideas are ____32____. In an essay n delayed recgnitin, Garfield ntes mildly that ne histrian f science, Derek Price, believed ne f his wn papers was suffering delayed recgnitin.
Delayed recgnitin is rare. Much mre ____33____ is fr peple simply t reach their prime late in life. David Galensn is an ecnmist wh studies the creative utput f musicians, artists, directrs and thers. Galensn has fund that while it is quite pssible t ____34____ as a radical yung artist, there are many examples f “ld masters” whse later wrks are mre admired than their yuthful nes.
We all need t be able t hld n t the idea that the best is yet t cme. But we can’t just hpe what we have already prduced will, ne day, be recgnized fr its brilliance. Gd things d nt cme t thse wh wait, if____35____ is all they d. It is wiser t get back t wrk and make smething better.
21. A. cnclusinB. deviceC. inventinD. paper
22. A. unreliableB. uncmfrtableC. unimpressedD. unsatisfactry
23. A. criticizedB. keptC. ignredD. inspected
24. A. missinB. galC. scheduleD. time
25. A. lst tuch withB. had a gd knwledge fC. made gd use fD. taken advantage f
26. A. attentinB. platfrmC. spaceD. visin
27. A. dataB. kingdmC. mainstreamD. prf
28. A. cntentB. riginC. ppularityD. presence
29. A. examplesB. lettersC. reprtsD. supprters
30. A. brke ffB. paid ffC. switched ffD. tk ff
31. A. the authritiesB. the ddsC. the ppsiteD. the wrng
32. A. underappreciatedB. underdevelpedC. underequippedD. underperfrmed
33. A. challengingB. cmmnC. cmplicatedD. difficult
34. A. break thrughB. get thrughC. make ends meetD. make sense
35. A. cmplainingB. scializingC. thinkingD. waiting
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要论述了为什么一些绝妙的想法被忽视，并用相关的例子进行说明。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：五年后，在调查了各种可能性之后，他发表了他的非凡结论：一些静电来自银河系。A. cnclusin结论；B. device设备；C. inventin发明；D. paper论文。根据上文“Five years later, after investigating every pssibility(五年后，在调查了各种可能性之后)”及下文“sme f the static was cming frm the Milky Way.(一些静电来自银河系)”可知，此处是他经过调查后，得出的结论。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：扬斯基的理论引人注目，足以发表在《纽约时报》上，但科学家们却不为所动。A. unreliable不可靠的；B. uncmfrtable不舒服的；C. unimpressed不感兴趣的；D. unsatisfactry不令人满意的。根据下文“Radi signals frm uter space? Surely they were t weak t detect.(来自外太空的无线电信号？当然，它们太弱了，无法察觉)”可知，此处指科学家们不感兴趣，不为所动。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：扬斯基的想法在大约十年的时间里基本上被忽视了。A. criticized批评；B. kept保持；C. ignred忽视；D. inspected检查。根据下文“Thankfully, he lived lng enugh t see his ideas blssm int field f radi astrnmy.(谢天谢地，他活得足够长，看到他的想法在射电天文学领域开花结果)”可知，扬斯基的想法在大约十年的时间里基本上被忽视了。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：扬斯基的故事让我们产生了共鸣：我们都喜欢这位研究人员的想法，他远远领先于他们的时代，以至于世界上的其他人需要几年的时间才能赶上。A. missin任务；B. gal目标；C. schedule计划表；D. time时代。根据下文“that it takes years fr the rest f the wrld t catch up.(其他人需要几年的时间才能赶上)”可知，此处指领先于他们的时代，固定短语ahead f time表示“领先时代，提前”。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：杨斯基和孟德尔的故事给那些认为世界对他们的才华还不够了解的人带来了一些希望。A. lst tuch with与……失去联系；B. had a gd knwledge f有很好的了解；C. made gd use f充分利用；D. taken advantage f利用。根据上文“Jansky’s ideas were largely ___3___ fr abut a decade.(扬斯基的想法在大约十年的时间里基本上被忽视了)”及“Gregr Mendel’s research int plant genetics is a famus example — published in 1866. It wasn’t taken seriusly until 1900.(孟德尔对植物遗传学的研究就是一个著名的例子，发表于1866年。直到1900年，它才受到重视)”可知，扬斯基和孟德尔的才华在当时被世界所忽视，所以这里指给那些认为世界还没有完全了解他们的才华的人带来了一些希望。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：莱顿大学Anthny van Raan甚至为这类案例起了一个名字：“睡美人”，这些科学论文在得到广泛关注之前，多年都不会被人提及。A. attentin关注；B. platfrm平台；C. space空间；D. visin幻想。根据下文“Sme schlars argue that the term is sexist and prefer “delayed recgnitin”.(一些学者认为这个词是性别歧视，更倾向于“延迟识别”)”可知，这些科学论文一开始没有人得到广泛关注。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：扬斯基和孟德尔在某种程度上脱离了科学主流。A. data数据；B. kingdm王国；C. mainstream主流；D. prf证据。根据上文“One view is that brilliant ideas are verlked when delivered by unclearly expressed messengers.(有一种观点认为，当表达不清楚的信使传达出绝妙的想法时，它们就会被忽视)”可知，此处指扬斯基和孟德尔在某种程度上脱离了科学主流。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：1970年，社会学家斯蒂芬·科尔发表了一篇分析文章，认为障碍往往在于这个想法本身的内容，而不是背后科学家的声望。A. cntent内容；B. rigin起源；C. ppularity受欢迎；D. presence存在。根据下文“f the idea itself, rather than the reputatin f the scientist behind it.(这个想法本身，而不是背后的科学家的声望)”可知，斯蒂芬·科尔发表了一篇分析文章，认为障碍往往在于这个想法本身的内容，而不是背后科学家的声望。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该领域的两位学者尤金·加菲尔德和沃尔夫冈·格兰泽尔认为，这种延迟识别的例子非常罕见，以至于很难分析。A. examples例子；B. letters信；C. reprts报告；D. supprters支持者。根据下文“s rare as t be hard t analyse.”可知，此处指的是延迟识别的例子非常罕见，以至于很难分析。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：不幸的是，他们在2004年中断了他们的工作。A. brke ff中断；B. paid ff支付；C. switched ff关闭；D. tk ff起飞。根据上文“Unfrtunately”可知，他们寻找那些在五年内几乎没有被引用的文章，然后就中断了。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一种解释是，我们都喜欢弱者克服困难获得成功的故事。A. the authrities当局；B. the dds逆境；C. the ppsite相反；D. the wrng错误。根据上文“One explanatin is that we all lve a stry f the underdg (黑马) wh succeeds(一种解释是，我们都喜欢弱者成功的故事)”及下文“Immediate and sustained success is as bring as immediate and sustained failure.(即时持续的成功和即时持续的失败一样无聊)”可知，我们都喜欢弱者战胜逆境的故事。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一个原因是科学家们自己喜欢认为他们的想法不被重视。A. underappreciated不受重视；B. underdevelped发展不完全；C. underequipped装备不足；D. underperfrmed表现不佳。根据下文“In an essay n delayed recgnitin, Garfield ntes mildly that ne histrian f science, Derek Price, believed ne f his wn papers was suffering delayed recgnitin.(在一篇关于延迟认可的文章中，加菲尔德温和地指出，科学历史学家德里克·普莱斯认为他自己的一篇论文受到了延迟认可)”可知，另一个原因是科学家们自己喜欢认为他们的想法不被重视。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更常见的是，人们只是在晚年才达到巅峰。A. challenging调整性的；B. cmmn普通的；C. cmplicated复杂的；D. difficult困难的。根据下文“there are many examples f “ld masters” whse later wrks are mre admired than their yuthful nes.(有许多“老大师”的后期作品比他们年轻时的作品更受赞赏)”可知，更常见的是，人们只是在晚年才达到巅峰。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：盖伦森发现，作为一名激进的年轻艺术家，虽然很有可能取得突破，但有很多“老大师”的后期作品比他们年轻时的作品更受赞赏。A. break thrugh突破；B. get thrugh度过；C. make ends meet收支平衡；D. make sense有意义。根据上文“while(虽然)”下文“as a radical yung artist, there are many examples f “ld masters” whse later wrks are mre admired than their yuthful nes.”可知，作为一个激进的年轻观念艺术家，虽然很有可能取得突破，但有很多“老大师”的后期作品比他们年轻时的作品更受赞赏。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：好事不会降临那些等待的人身上，如果他们只会等待的话。A. cmplaining投诉；B. scializing社交；C. thinking思考；D. waiting等待。根据上文“Gd things d nt cme t thse wh wait(好事情不会降临到那些等待的人身上)”可知，好事不会降临那些等待的人身上，如果他们只会等待的话。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Hng Kng-Zhuhai-Maca Bridge (HZMB), the ___36___ (eight) wnder f the 21st century, pened ___37___ the mrning f Octber 24th, 2018. The bridge links three areas, making ___38___ much mre cnvenient t travel frm ne t anther. Since pening, the three-hur drive between Hng Kng, Zhuhai and Maca ___39___ (shrten) t 30 minutes.
The prject invlved ver 400 new patents, brke seven wrld recrds, and featured ___40___ (independent) develped key techniques and design. After ___41___ 8-year struggle, the success f the HZMB achieves ___42___ several generatins have been dreaming f, and amazes the whle wrld with its demnstratin f perfect skills and high-level Chinese standards. The bridge is intended t be ___43___ (rely) fr mre than 120 years. Frm the Belt and Rad Initiative t “Created in China”, there is always a grup f peple ___44___ (prvide) strng technical supprt fr each f the cuntry’s huge prjects. Frm the beginning in December 2009 t the day f the fficial pening, all _____45_____ (walk) f life made great cntributins t the design and cnstructin f the HZMB, cntributing “Wisdm f China”.
【答案】36. eighth
37. n 38. it
39. has been shrtened
40. independently
41. an 42. what
43. reliable
44. prviding
45. walks
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了港珠澳大桥的修建过程以及重要意义。
【36题详解】
考查数词。句意：2018年10月24日上午，21世纪第八大奇迹——港珠澳大桥正式通车。此处表示“第八”应用序数词eighth。故填eighth。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：2018年10月24日上午，21世纪第八大奇迹——港珠澳大桥正式通车。表示在具体某天的上午，应用介词n。故填n。
【38题详解】
考查it用法。句意：这座桥连接了三个地区，使得从一个地区到另一个地区旅行更加方便。此处为“make it adj. t d sth.”结构，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语。故填it。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：自开通以来，香港、珠海和澳门之间的3小时车程已缩短至30分钟。分析句子可知，shrten是谓语动词，与主语drive构成被动关系，结合上文Since pening可知应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为the three-hur drive，助动词用has。故填has been shrtened。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：该项目涉及400多项新专利，打破7项世界纪录并自主研发了关键技术和设计。修饰动词develp应用副词independently，作状语。故填independently。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：经过8年的奋斗，港珠澳大桥实现了几代人的梦想，以其精湛的技术和高水平的中国标准震撼了全世界。泛指“一个8年的奋斗”，且8（eight）以元音音素开头。故填an。
【42题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：经过8年奋斗，港珠澳大桥实现了几代人的梦想，以其精湛的技术和高水平的中国标准震撼了全世界。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，应用what引导。故填what。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这座桥预计可以可靠使用120年以上。作表语，结合语境表示“可靠的”应用形容词reliable。故填reliable。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从“一带一路”倡议到“中国创造”，总有一群为国家每一个重大项目提供强大的技术支持的人。分析句子结构可知prvide在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语peple构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填prviding。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：从2009年12月开始到正式启用，社会各界为港珠澳大桥的设计和建设做出了巨大贡献，贡献了“中国的智慧”。结合句意表示“社会各界”可知短语为all walks f life。故填walks。
第三节 单词拼写 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据首字母或中文提示，用对应单词的适当形式填空。
Our jb is t prtect and ____46____ (使恢复) the natural envirnment. This includes keeping the riginal envirnment frm being tuched as well as a____47____ new, sustainable ways f feeding farm animals.
Yu need t wrk tgether, and that means cmmunicating with each ther clearly and r____48____ cnflicts with yur teammates. Remember, ne f the best ____49____(策略) is clear cmmunicatin.
Riley lses her happy cre memries and starts t feel lst and helpless. Wrried abut her, Jy and Sadness try t wrk tgether t ____50____(确保) she gets her cre memries back. Accepting sadness as part f life helps Riley deal with the emtinal ____51____(复杂性) f grwing up.
Ryan needed 2,000 dllars t build the well s he started t ask fr help frm his classmates and neighbrs and persuaded them int d____52____ mney, indicating that he had the curage and ____53____(坚持不懈) t make his dream a reality.
Wintn established an ffice t keep recrds f the children and then returned t Britain t try t find ____54____(暂时的) hmes fr them. During Wrld WarⅡ, he served in the British Ryal Air Frce. He left the m_____55_____ in 1954.
【答案】46. restre
47. adpting
48. reslving
49. strategies
50. ensure/guarantee
51. cmplexity
52. dnating
53. perseverance/persistence
54. temprary
55. military
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和他的队友团结协作，一起保护自然环境以及使自然环境得到恢复。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的工作是保护自然环境以及使自然环境得到恢复。根据汉语提示“使恢复”可知，此处需要动词restre，和前面的prtect构成不定式充当句子表语，此处需要动词原形，故填restre。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这包括保持原始环境不被破坏，采纳一种新的、可持续的喂养农场动物的方法。根据首字母以及句意可知，应使用动词adpt“采纳”，此处用作include的宾语，需要动名词形式，故填adpting。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你们需要一起工作，这意味着要清楚地相互沟通，并解决与队友的冲突。根据首字母以及句意可知，应使用动词reslve“解决”，此处需要动名词充当动词means的宾语充当句子的，故填reslving。
【49题详解】
考查可数名词复数形式。句意：记住，最好的策略之一就是明确的沟通。根据汉语提示“策略”可知，此处需要名词strategy充当介词f的宾语句子，用于“ne f+可数名词复数形式”结构中，此处应使用复数形式，故填strategies。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因为担心她，Jy和Sadness试图尽力一起工作来确保她恢复了核心记忆。根据汉语提示“确保”可知，此处需要动词ensure或者guarantee构成不定式充当句子的目的状语，此处需要动词原形。故填ensure/guarantee。
【51题详解】
考查不可数名词。句意：接受悲伤作为生活的一部分有助于莱利应对成长过程中的情感复杂性。根据汉语提示“复杂性”以及句意可知，此处需要名词cmplexity充当介词with的宾语，不可数，故填cmplexity。
【52题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：瑞安需要2, 000美元来修建这口井，所以他开始向他的同学和邻居求助，并说服他们捐钱，这表明他有勇气和坚持不懈的毅力来实现他的梦想。根据首字母以及句意可知，应使用动词dnate“捐赠”，此处需要动名词充当介词int的宾语，故填dnating。
【53题详解】
考查不可数名词。句意同上题。根据汉语提示“坚持不懈”以及句意可知，此处需要名词perseverance或者persistence充当句子的宾语，不可数，故填perseverance/persistence。
【54题详解】
考查形容词。句意：温顿建立了一个办公室来保存这些孩子的记录，然后回到英国尽力为他们找到暂时的家。根据汉语提示“暂时的”以及句意可知，此处需要形容词temprary充当定语修饰名词hmes，故填temprary。
【55题详解】
考查名词。句意：他于1954年离开了部队。根据首字母以及句意可知，应使用名词military“军队”充当句子的宾语，故填military。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
56. 假设你是某中学学生李华，你的英国朋友Jerry发来电子邮件诉说他的烦恼：他们小组正在为学校将举办的一场辩论比赛做准备，但是他的小组成员之一Tm不愿意为团队工作做出贡献，他不知道怎么办才好。请你给Jerry写一封回信，针对他的烦恼，提出一些建议。
内容包括：1. 表示安慰
2. 可行建议
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：1.写作词数应为100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jerry,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jerry,
I’m srry t learn that yur team member Tm wn’t make a cntributin t the debate t be held in yur schl, despite all yur devtin t it. But life isn’t always a bed f rses. The fllwing suggestins might help.
First, yu can try t figure ut why Tm is unwilling t cperate, because everything happens fr a reasn. Then yu’d better have a sincere talk with Tm t deal with the prblems bthering him, and stress the imprtance f the debate and teamwrk at the same time. Last, yu shuld lk fr anther ptential teammate in case he desn’t change his mind.
I hpe things will wrk ut. Lking frward t yur gd news.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封信建议信，针对朋友Jerry的烦恼提出一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestin→tip
举办：hld→hst
处理：deal with→d with
寻找：lk fr→seek
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I hpe things will wrk ut.
拓展句：I hpe things will wrk ut s that yu can make full preparatins fr the debate.
【点睛】【句式拓展1】 I’m srry t learn that yur team member Tm wn’t make a cntributin t the debate t be held in yur schl, despite all yur devtin t it. （运用了that引导的宾语从句，和不定式的被动语态作后置定语）
【高分句型2】Last, yu shuld lk fr anther ptential teammate in case he desn’t change his mind.（运用了in case引导的目的状语从句）
第二节 读后续写(满分15分)
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There Are N Vans
T me, what Thanksgiving really means is giving gd thanks, nt eating turkey. By the time I was 18 I had created my Thanksgiving ritual(惯例). I wuld g ut shpping and buy enugh fd fr ne r tw families. Then I wuld dress like a delivery by, g t the prest neighbrhd and just knck n a dr, and wuld always include a nte saying “All that I ask in return is that yu take gd enugh care f yurself s that smeday yu can d the same thing fr smene else.” I have received mre frm this annual ritual than I have frm any amunt f mney I’ve ever earned, especially ne such experience in New Yrk City.
Several years ag I was in New Yrk City with my newly married wife during Thanksgiving. She was sad because we were nt with ur family. Nrmally she wuld be hme decrating the huse fr Christmas, but we were stuck here in a htel rm. I said, “Hney, lk, why dn’t we decrate sme lives tday instead f sme trees?” When I tld her what I always d n Thanksgiving, she gt excited. I said, “Let’s g smeplace where we can really appreciate wh we are, what we are able t d and what we can really give. Let’s g t the pr neighbrhd Harlem and feed sme peple there in need. We’ll g buy enugh fd fr six r seven families fr 30 days. We’ve gt enugh. Let’s g d it!”
We started by getting a van, but there seemed n vans in all f New Yrk City. The rent-a-car places were all ut f vans. My wife was disappinted, and I said, “Lk, the bttm line is that if we want smething, we can make it happen! All we have t d is take actin. There are plenty f vans here in New Yrk City. Lk dwn at the street. D yu see all thse vans? Let’s g get ne!” My wife agreed and we tk actin.
We tried stpping vans as they were driving dwn the street. I learned smething abut New Yrk drivers that day: they dn’t stp; they speed up. Then we tried waiting by the light. We’d g ver, knck n the windw and the driver wuld rll it dwn, lking at us in alarm, and I’d ask if he wuld drive us t Harlem s we culd help sme peple. Every time the driver wuld lk away quickly, furiusly rll up the windw and pull away withut saying anything. My wife was ready t give up, but I said, “It’s the law f averages: smebdy is ging t say yes.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Eventually a van drve up and the driver said yes.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Eventually a van drve up and the driver said yes. We were wild with jy and climbed nt the van. Upn arrival, he led us t a stre where we bught lts f fd and sme baskets. Tgether we packed them up, carried them nt the van and went t buildings where there were even peple living withut electricity. It was a truly fulfilling experience t make even a small difference. We can make anything happen if we cmmit t it and take actin. Miracles like this happen every day—even in a city where “there are n vans”.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者多年来一直坚持在感恩节帮助穷人，而几年前，作者告知了新婚妻子自己一直以来做的事情。妻子也想和作者一起帮助穷人，可是，他们找不到一辆货车帮助他们运输食物。最后还是一个好心的司机帮助了他们。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由段首句内容“最后一辆货车开了过来，司机答应了。”可知，第一段可描写作者和妻子顺利地帮助了穷人。
2.续写线索：一个好心的货车司机终于帮助了他们——欣喜若狂地上了货车——购买食物——送给穷人——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①购买：buy/purchase
②致力于、投入：cmmit t/devte t
③采取措施：take actin/take steps
情绪类
① 开心：jy/delight
② 令人满意的：fulfilling/satisfactry
【点睛】【高分句型1】Upn arrival, he led us t a stre where we bught lts f fd and sme baskets.（运用了where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Tgether we packed them up, carried them nt the van and went t buildings where there were even peple living withut electricity.（运用了where引导的定语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CCAAB 6-10 ABACC 11-15 BABCB 16-20 CACBA Carbn Emissins Calculatr (CEC) fr Air Travel (iOS-Free) This app allws passengers t estimate the carbn emissins attributed t their air travel. It is simple t use—just select yur rigin and destinatin airprts, specify the class f travel and number f passengers. View the carbn ftprint and the distance traveled fr yur trip.
Fducate (iOS and Andrid-$4. 99) This app empwers fd shppers everywhere t make healthy, infrmed decisins while at the supermarket. Scan yur fd and Fducate generates a letter grade (A, B, C, r D) fr each prduct scanned, alng with brief explanatins and warnings abut its nutrients and ingredients. There is als an ptin t enter the bar cde manually. The app will recmmend minimally prcessed, real fds which are naturally rich in nutrients and antixidants.
Lcavre (iOS and Andrid-Free) If yu’re lking fr the clsest farmers market selling yur favrite in seasn prduce, then Lcavre is the app fr yu. Lcavre is a great app fr thse searching fr lcal, in seasn, rganic fds in yur area. The app has ne-click access t thusands f healthy, seasnal recipes and ther infrmatin that can be shared with yur friends and family. I like hw the app nt nly lets yu knw which fruits and veggies are in seasn—it als lets yu knw hw lng they’ll be in seasn.
Zimride (iOS and Andrid-Free) Ridesharing apps are all the rage. Zimride is a new spin n ridesharing, using scial netwrks t enable real cnnectins. Once yu set up a prfile yu are able t bk a ride in yur area, r pst a ride f yur wn. Drivers can charge fr rides and Zimride desn’t take a cut. Rides seem t be reasnably priced and since prfiles are linked with Facebk it’s easy t check ut yur ptential ride cmpanins.
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