所属成套资源:2023-2024学年上学期外研新版九年级英语寒假作业
2023-2024学年上学期外研新版九年级英语寒假作业八
展开2023-2024学年上学期外研新版九年级英语寒假作业八一.完形填空(共2小题)1.There are many ways for us to reduce waste.For(1) ,we can reuse paper and plastic bags.We can also recycle newspapers,glass and cans to make new things.Here are some useful ways to(2) waste.●Write on(3) sides of paper.Many people write on only one side of their paper.Why not stop wasting the other side?Some students only use half the pages of their(4) before they get new ones.Try to use up all the paper.People often give cards on birthdays or festivals.How about trying to(5) cards instead?●Don't throw away your old batteries(电池).Maybe you do not know that old batteries make the earth(6) .This is because they have poisonous(有毒的) parts in them.So,don't throw away batteries. (7) them together.Try to use rechargeable batteries for your games and CD players.●Give away all your unwanted clothes.There are many poor families in the world.You may ask your mother to(8) your unwanted clothes.Then you can pass them on to those poor children.You will feel(9) when you are helping someone else.Also,you should know(10) your friends or relatives want them before giving them away.2.Qingming,meaning clear and bright,is the most important festival in spring.It is also called Tomb Sweeping Festival.It comes (1) early April.On that day,people visit tombs(墓)to honor the dead.They always (2) some time cleaning the tomb area.They usually plant some trees near the tombs and decorate them with fresh(3) .But it is not(4) a day for honoring the dead.It is also a good time to celebrate the (5) of spring.With the coming of spring,nature (6) ,dressing the world in green.All is new,clean and fresh.Birds begin to(7) houses for their babies.In forests and fields,many animals have babies at this time of year.Days begin to get (8) and the weather gets warmer,(9) Qingming is also a happy time for people to enjoy the outdoor activities,(10) flying kites,swinging and hiking.This is why this festival has been very popular for thousands of years.二.阅读理解(共2小题)3.The seasons in Australia are not like ours.When it is winter in China,it is summer there.Australia is a southern country.It is in the south of the world.June,July and August are the winter months;September,October and November are the spring months;the summer is in December,January and February;March,April and May are the autumn months.The north of the country is hotter than the south.A very large part of this country has no rain at all.The east coast has rain all the year,and there are no dry months.The southeast winds blow the whole year.They bring rain from the sea.There is not much rain on the west side.The southeastern part of Australia has summer rain from the southeast winds.They only blow here in summer.The southwestern part of Australia has winter rain.The west winds blow over the southwest in winter only.In summer,the southwest of the country has no rain.In the north of Australia,there is no rain in winter.The rain comes in summer.The northwest winds bring it.(1)What's the weather like in Australia in February? A.It's cool.B.It's cold.C.It's warm.D.It's hot.(2)In Australia,it is in the south than in the north.A.hotterB.warmerC.colderD.cooler(3)The of Australia has the most rain.A.eastern partB.southeastern partC.southern partD.northern part(4)The southwest of the country has no rain in summer because .A.it is dry thereB.the west winds never blow over the southwestC.the northwest winds blow over the southwestD.the west winds blow over the southwest only in winter(5)There is no rain in winter of Australia.A.in the eastB.in the northC.in the southwestD.in the south4.Paris,FranceNew changes have taken place in Paris in recent years.Paris used to be among Europe's busiest cities.Traffic jams could be seen all the time.But now there is a new 2.5 kilometre long car free area inside the city.The Louvre attracts world tourists.People visit there not just for the art works,but also enjoy the roof of the building which is like a flying carpet.The world's most beautiful city is now even more beautiful.Lijiang River National Park,ChinaLijiang River is in Guilin.It is well﹣known for its clear water,limestone caves(石灰岩洞)and green hills.The hills have beautiful names depending on different shapes,such as "Elephant Trunk".These attract many Chinese poets and artists.The best way to enjoy Lijiang River is to take an 83 km boat trip from Guilin to Yangshuo in summer.Zurich,SwitzerlandWhat do you think Zurich is famous for?Great banks?Yes.People can find many Swiss banks and foreign banks here.But the city is of great interest to many people for another reason.Zurich hosts Europe's largest street party each year.Its Street Parade has overtaken London's Notting Hill Carnival.What was hot in the city in 2014?In August,Zurich hosted the European Athletics Championships.This gave tourists a chance to see the world's top athletes making new records.Adelaide,AustraliaMany people may know Sydney or Melbourne.They are big cities in Australia.But Adelaide wins people's hearts with great festivals and tasty food.Adelaide Fringe Festival is the largest art festival in Australia.Every February and March,people celebrate with outdoor art works,dance performances and live music.Adelaide has many kinds of foreign foods.British fish and chips,Italian pizza and German pork can be found in most restaurants.(1)Tourists enjoy the art works as well as of the Louvre.A.the busy streetB.the shape of its roofC.the car free areaD.the flying carpet(2)Many Chinese poets and artists are attracted by in Guilin.A.elephant trunksB.warm weatherC.the highway to YangshuoD.the green hills and limestone caves(3)Compared with London's Notting Hill Carnival,the Street Parade in Zurich is .A.even worseB.exactly the sameC.much betterD.less popular(4)When and where was the 2014 European Athletics Championships held? A.In August,Paris.B.In March,Europe.C.In March,Adelaide.D.In August,Zurich.(5)Betty is studying art at college.She's travelling to some places to enjoy art works and taste foreign foods.She could go to .A.AdelaideB.Lijiang River National ParkC.Zurich and ParisD.the Louvre三.用所给单词正确形式填空(共6小题)5.Don't be (noise)!They are doing their homework.6.My father enjoys (read)newspapers and it is his hobby.7.There are ways to stay healthy when seasons change.You should wash your hands (careful),exercise,eat and sleep well.8.I have something important to (discussion) with you through video talk.9.We're looking forward to (travel) around the world.10.There are some (fly) in the room.They are so noisy.四.单词拼写(共10小题)11.Tomorrow is Father's Day.Let's get prepared (今晚)to give Dad a big surprise.12.The box is (空的).There is nothing in it.13.success(形容词) 14.In a restaurant,people usually choose food and drink from the (菜单).15. (参观者)must show their health QR codes and check their temperature before they go into the museum.16.The old woman has been (去世的)for a couple of months.17.It's (必要的)for students to do exercise every day.18.Smart phones are very popular (在……之间) young people.19.Mr Green often p his children by not letting them play games.20.My father isn't tall or short.He is of medium h .2023-2024学年上学期外研新版九年级英语寒假作业八参考答案与试题解析一.完形填空(共2小题)1.There are many ways for us to reduce waste.For(1) B ,we can reuse paper and plastic bags.We can also recycle newspapers,glass and cans to make new things.Here are some useful ways to(2) C waste.●Write on(3) B sides of paper.Many people write on only one side of their paper.Why not stop wasting the other side?Some students only use half the pages of their(4) C before they get new ones.Try to use up all the paper.People often give cards on birthdays or festivals.How about trying to(5) A cards instead?●Don't throw away your old batteries(电池).Maybe you do not know that old batteries make the earth(6) D .This is because they have poisonous(有毒的) parts in them.So,don't throw away batteries. (7) B them together.Try to use rechargeable batteries for your games and CD players.●Give away all your unwanted clothes.There are many poor families in the world.You may ask your mother to(8) D your unwanted clothes.Then you can pass them on to those poor children.You will feel(9) D when you are helping someone else.Also,you should know(10) B your friends or relatives want them before giving them away.【考点】说明文;环境保护.【答案】BCBCA DBDDB【分析】本文主要介绍了一些有用的方法来减少浪费。【解答】(1)考查名词。A..reason原因;B.example例子;C.use用途;D.people人;根据后句"we can reuse paper and plastic bags.We can..."我们可以重复使用纸袋和塑料袋。我们可以...可知,应该是举例说明,因此选example,for example为固定用法,意为"例如"。故选B。(2)考查动词。A.produce生产;B.protect保护;C.reduce减少;D.pollute污染;根据下面的小标题,可知此处表示的是这里有一些可以减少浪费的方法,因此选reduce。故选C。(3)考查代词。A.every每个;B.both两者都;C.all(三者或三者以上)全部;D.one一;根据上文"Here are some useful ways to(2)___waste"这里有一些可以...浪费的方法,再结合"Many people write on only one side of their paper"许多人只在纸的一面写字,由此推测应说纸的两面都要写。故选B。(4)考查名词。A.exercises练习;B.schoolbags书包;C.notebooks笔记本;D.newspapers报纸;由建议"Try to use up all the paper"尽量把纸都用完,再结合选项,可知此处表示的是一些学生只用一半的笔记本就又买新的。故选C。(5)考查动词。A.send发送;B.buy买;C.receive收到;D.make使;根据前句"People often give cards on birthdays on festivals."人们经常在生日或节日时送卡片,再结合选项可知,应该是试着发电子贺卡怎么样?因此选send符合题意。故选A。(6)考查形容词。A.dry干的;B.rich富有的;C.clean干净的;D.dirty脏的;根据"This is because they have poisonous(有毒的)parts in them"这是因为他们有有毒的部分,可知句意为也许你不知道旧电池使地球变脏,因此选dirty。故选D。(7)考查动词。A.Throw扔;B.Keep保持;C.Try尝试;D.Lose丢失;根据上文"don't throw away batteries"不要扔掉电池,可知要把它们聚集到一起,因此选B项,keep sth together意为"将…聚集到一起"。故选B。(8)考查动词。A.burn燃烧;B.sell卖;C.wash洗;D.collect收集;根据"Then you can pass them on to those poor children"然后你可以把它们传给那些贫穷的孩子们,可知此处表示你可以叫你的妈妈把你不想要的衣服收集到一起,因此选collect符合题意。故选D。(9)考查形容词。A.angry生气的;B.tired疲惫的;C.sad难过的;D.happy高兴的;结合语境,可知当你在帮助别人的时候,你会觉得很高兴,因此选happy符合题意。故选D。(10)考查疑问词。A.when何时;B.whether是否;C.why为什么;D.what什么;根据语境,可推测你可以在扔掉它们之前问问你的朋友或亲戚是否需要它们,因此选whether符合题意。故选B。【点评】首先要通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合排除法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文核对答案。2.Qingming,meaning clear and bright,is the most important festival in spring.It is also called Tomb Sweeping Festival.It comes (1) C early April.On that day,people visit tombs(墓)to honor the dead.They always (2) A some time cleaning the tomb area.They usually plant some trees near the tombs and decorate them with fresh(3) C .But it is not(4) B a day for honoring the dead.It is also a good time to celebrate the (5) C of spring.With the coming of spring,nature (6) B ,dressing the world in green.All is new,clean and fresh.Birds begin to(7) B houses for their babies.In forests and fields,many animals have babies at this time of year.Days begin to get (8) D and the weather gets warmer,(9) C Qingming is also a happy time for people to enjoy the outdoor activities,(10) A flying kites,swinging and hiking.This is why this festival has been very popular for thousands of years.【考点】说明文.【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】文章主要介绍了清明节的活动.【解答】(1)C 考查介词及语境理解.A on 在…B at 在…C in在…D by…,根据语境,可知此处是讲在4月,在某一月份介词用in,故选C.(2)A 考查动词及语境理解.spend 、pay 、cost 、take都可表示花费,take的用法为It takes (sb.)some time to do sth.spend的用法为spend time/money on sth.spend time/money (in) doing sth.pay的用法为pay some money for sth.cost的用法为sth.cost(sb).money ,根据 cleaning the tomb area ,可知此处是要用动名词,故选A(3)C 考查名词及语境理解.根据They usually plant some trees near the tombs ,可知此处是讲他们通常在坟墓附近种一些树,并用鲜花装饰它们,故选C(4)B 考查副词及语境理解,A.sometimes有时 B.just仅仅 C.still仍然 D.always 总是,根据语境,可知此处是讲这不仅仅是缅怀先烈的日子,故选B.(5)C 考查动词及语境理解.A.going去 B.changing 改变C.coming 来D.setting 出发 根据With the coming of spring,可知此处是讲这也是庆祝春天到来的好日子.故选C(6)B 考查词组及语境理解,A.comes down下来 B.wakes up 醒来C.rises up 上升D.falls off掉落,根据语境,可知此处是讲春天来了,万物复苏,故选B.(7)B 考查动词及语境理解,根据houses for their babies,可知此处是讲小鸟筑巢,build建造,符合语境,故选B.(8)D 考查形容词及语境理解.根据Days begin to get ,可知春天来了,白天变长,longer更长,符合语境.故选D(9)C 考查连词及语境理解.根据Qingming is also a happy time for people to enjoy the outdoor activities清明也是人们享受户外活动的快乐时光,可知此处是讲所以清明也是人们享受户外活动的快乐时光.故选C(10)A 考查词组及语境理解,根据flying kites,swinging and hiking,可知此处是讲例如放风筝,荡秋千和远足 ,故选A【点评】做题方法:首先要通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,词型,词的搭配,并注意上下连贯,合乎逻辑.结合排除法逐一选出答案.最后再通读全文,核对答案.二.阅读理解(共2小题)3.The seasons in Australia are not like ours.When it is winter in China,it is summer there.Australia is a southern country.It is in the south of the world.June,July and August are the winter months;September,October and November are the spring months;the summer is in December,January and February;March,April and May are the autumn months.The north of the country is hotter than the south.A very large part of this country has no rain at all.The east coast has rain all the year,and there are no dry months.The southeast winds blow the whole year.They bring rain from the sea.There is not much rain on the west side.The southeastern part of Australia has summer rain from the southeast winds.They only blow here in summer.The southwestern part of Australia has winter rain.The west winds blow over the southwest in winter only.In summer,the southwest of the country has no rain.In the north of Australia,there is no rain in winter.The rain comes in summer.The northwest winds bring it.(1)What's the weather like in Australia in February? D A.It's cool.B.It's cold.C.It's warm.D.It's hot.(2)In Australia,it is C in the south than in the north.A.hotterB.warmerC.colderD.cooler(3)The A of Australia has the most rain.A.eastern partB.southeastern partC.southern partD.northern part(4)The southwest of the country has no rain in summer because D .A.it is dry thereB.the west winds never blow over the southwestC.the northwest winds blow over the southwestD.the west winds blow over the southwest only in winter(5)There is no rain in winter B of Australia.A.in the eastB.in the northC.in the southwestD.in the south【考点】历史;细节理解;推理判断.【答案】DCADB【分析】本文主要介绍了澳大利亚的气候。【解答】(1)D.推理判断题。根据the summer is in December,January and February可知,澳大利亚二月份是夏天,所以天气很炎热。故选D。(2)C.细节理解题。根据The north of the country is hotter than the south.这个国家的北部比南部热。可知,在澳大利亚,南部比北部冷。故选C。(3)A.细节理解题。根据The east coast has rain all the year,and there are no dry months.东海岸终年多雨,没有旱季。可知,澳大利亚的东部雨量最多。故选A。(4)D.细节理解题。根据The west winds blow over the southwest in winter only.可知,是因为只有在冬天西风才能吹到西南部。故选D。(5)B.细节理解题。根据In the north of Australia,there is no rain in winter.可知,在澳大利亚的北部,冬天不下雨。故选B。【点评】答阅读题时,先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络,然后在文章中找到对应的信息,再和选项作对比,得出正确答案。4.Paris,FranceNew changes have taken place in Paris in recent years.Paris used to be among Europe's busiest cities.Traffic jams could be seen all the time.But now there is a new 2.5 kilometre long car free area inside the city.The Louvre attracts world tourists.People visit there not just for the art works,but also enjoy the roof of the building which is like a flying carpet.The world's most beautiful city is now even more beautiful.Lijiang River National Park,ChinaLijiang River is in Guilin.It is well﹣known for its clear water,limestone caves(石灰岩洞)and green hills.The hills have beautiful names depending on different shapes,such as "Elephant Trunk".These attract many Chinese poets and artists.The best way to enjoy Lijiang River is to take an 83 km boat trip from Guilin to Yangshuo in summer.Zurich,SwitzerlandWhat do you think Zurich is famous for?Great banks?Yes.People can find many Swiss banks and foreign banks here.But the city is of great interest to many people for another reason.Zurich hosts Europe's largest street party each year.Its Street Parade has overtaken London's Notting Hill Carnival.What was hot in the city in 2014?In August,Zurich hosted the European Athletics Championships.This gave tourists a chance to see the world's top athletes making new records.Adelaide,AustraliaMany people may know Sydney or Melbourne.They are big cities in Australia.But Adelaide wins people's hearts with great festivals and tasty food.Adelaide Fringe Festival is the largest art festival in Australia.Every February and March,people celebrate with outdoor art works,dance performances and live music.Adelaide has many kinds of foreign foods.British fish and chips,Italian pizza and German pork can be found in most restaurants.(1)Tourists enjoy the art works as well as B of the Louvre.A.the busy streetB.the shape of its roofC.the car free areaD.the flying carpet(2)Many Chinese poets and artists are attracted by D in Guilin.A.elephant trunksB.warm weatherC.the highway to YangshuoD.the green hills and limestone caves(3)Compared with London's Notting Hill Carnival,the Street Parade in Zurich is C .A.even worseB.exactly the sameC.much betterD.less popular(4)When and where was the 2014 European Athletics Championships held? D A.In August,Paris.B.In March,Europe.C.In March,Adelaide.D.In August,Zurich.(5)Betty is studying art at college.She's travelling to some places to enjoy art works and taste foreign foods.She could go to A .A.AdelaideB.Lijiang River National ParkC.Zurich and ParisD.the Louvre【考点】历史;细节理解.【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】本文介绍了四个备受游客青睐的游览胜地:1.法国的卢浮言;2.中国的丽江国家公园;3.瑞士北部的苏黎世;4.澳大利亚的阿德莱德.【解答】细节理解题.(1)B根据People visit there not just for the art works,but also enjoy the roof of the building which is like a flying carpet.人们不仅参观那里的艺术作品,而且还可以欣赏建筑物的屋顶,就像飘动的地毯.可知人们去参观卢浮言,不仅仅是看艺术品,还可以看到像飞毯一样的屋顶.故选B.(2)D 根据 Lijiang River is in Guilin.It is well﹣known for its clear water,limestone caves(石灰岩洞)and green hills.漓江位于桂林,以清澈的河水、石灰岩洞穴和青山著称.可知,许多中国的艺术家和诗人都是被桂林的青山绿水和石灰岩洞所吸引.故选D.(3)C 根据Its Street Parade has overtaken London's Notting Hill Carnival.它的街头游行已经超过了伦敦的诺丁山狂欢节.可知,与伦敦的诺丁山艺术家相比较,苏黎世的街道狂欢节更胜一筹.故选C.(4)D 根据In August,Zurich will host the European Athletic Championships.8月,苏黎世将举办欧洲田径锦标赛.可知,2014年八月在苏黎世将举办欧洲田径运动锦标赛.故选D.(5)A 根据Adelaide wins people's hearts with great festivals and tasty food.Adelaide Fringe Festival is the largest art festival in Australia.阿德莱德以盛大的节日和美味的食物赢得了人们的心阿德莱德边缘艺术节是澳大利亚最大的艺术节.可知,Betty可以到澳大利亚的Adelaide这个地方去欣赏艺术品和享受世界各地的美食.故选A.【点评】先浏览所给的问题以及选择项,然后带着问题在通读原文的基础上快速地找到答案,然后再回过头来检查一遍,确保万无一失.三.用所给单词正确形式填空(共6小题)5.Don't be noisy (noise)!They are doing their homework.【考点】形容词作表语.【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】不要吵闹!他们正在做作业.【解答】答案.noisy 根据提示,推测意思是不要吵闹!他们正在做作业.前面是be动词,后面接形容词,故答案是noisy.【点评】解答这类试题时,务必充分理解上下文的语境和前后文的逻辑关系,找到解题的依据,同时考虑单词的适当形式,准确作答.6.My father enjoys reading (read)newspapers and it is his hobby.【考点】动名词作动词宾语.【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】我父亲喜欢看报纸,这是他的爱好.【解答】句意:我父亲喜欢看报纸,这是他的爱好.enjoy doing sth表示喜欢做某事.故填reading.【点评】分析句子结构确定所缺单词的形式,结合语境填入单词的正确形式.7.There are ways to stay healthy when seasons change.You should wash your hands carefully (careful),exercise,eat and sleep well.【考点】副词修饰动词.【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】有一些方法可以在季节变化时保持健康.你应该仔细洗手,锻炼,吃好,睡好.【解答】考查单词填空.根据所给单词提示及其题干,可知有一些方法可以在季节变化时保持健康.你应该仔细洗手,锻炼,吃好,睡好.carefully副词修饰动词wash.故答案为carefully.【点评】做这类题型,结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化.掌握副词的用法,最后做出答案.8.I have something important to discuss (discussion) with you through video talk.【考点】及物动词.【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】我有重要的事情要和你通过视频交谈.【解答】根据句意:我有重要的事情要和你通过视频交谈.可知考查:have something important to do 有重要的事情要做.这是固定句型.故填:discuss.【点评】本题考查用所给单词的适当形式填空,首先要根据语境明确句意,然后再根据相关语法对所给单词在形式上做出正确的变化.9.We're looking forward to travelling (travel) around the world.【考点】动名词作介词宾语.【答案】travelling【分析】我们盼望着环游世界。【解答】根据题干,可知是指我们盼望着环游世界。look forward to doing sth期待做某事。故答案为:travelling。【点评】本题考查单词填空,首先要根据语境明确句意,然后再根据相关语法给出答案。10.There are some flies (fly) in the room.They are so noisy.【考点】可数名词及其单复数.【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】房间里有一些苍蝇,它们太吵了.【解答】答案:flies 根据提示,推测意思是房间里有一些苍蝇,它们太吵了.这是一个可数名词,前面被some修饰,故答案是flies.【点评】解答这类试题时,务必充分理解上下文的语境和前后文的逻辑关系,找到解题的依据,同时考虑单词的适当形式,准确作答.四.单词拼写(共10小题)11.Tomorrow is Father's Day.Let's get prepared tonight (今晚)to give Dad a big surprise.【考点】副词修饰动词.【答案】tonight【分析】明天是父亲节。让我们准备好今晚给爸爸一个惊喜吧。【解答】今晚,英语表达是:tonight.副词。故答案为tonight.【点评】做这类题型,首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写,再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。12.The box is empty (空的).There is nothing in it.【考点】形容词作表语.【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】盒子是空的,里面什么也没有.【解答】考查翻译填空.根据题干:要用形容词作表语,空的译为;empty.故答案为:empty.【点评】考查翻译填空.解答此题的关键是根据语境推测要填内容表达的含义,然后用合适的词的形式完成句子.13.success(形容词) successful 【考点】形容词词义辨析.【答案】successfu【分析】成功【解答】success:名词,成功;名词+ful=形容词。故答案为:successful.【点评】掌握构词法。14.In a restaurant,people usually choose food and drink from the menu (菜单).【考点】名词作主宾表补定.【答案】menu【分析】在餐馆里,人们通常从菜单上选择食物和饮料。【解答】根据提示"菜单"可知,这里填单数名词menu。故答案为:menu。【点评】充分理解句意,再根据中文提示完成试题,注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。15. Visitors (参观者)must show their health QR codes and check their temperature before they go into the museum.【考点】可数名词及其单复数.【答案】Visitors【分析】参观者在进入博物馆前必须出示健康二维码并检测体温。【解答】参观者,英语表达是:visitor.由后面的their可知此处是复数形式。故答案为Visitors.【点评】做这类题型,首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写,再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。16.The old woman has been dead (去世的)for a couple of months.【考点】形容词作表语.【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】那个老妇人已经去世几个月了.【解答】考查翻译填空.根据汉语提示及其英语句子,可知要翻译的部分为:去世的.英语表达是:dead.形容词.句意:那个老妇人已经去世几个月了.故答案为dead.【点评】做这类题型,首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写,再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化.17.It's necessary (必要的)for students to do exercise every day.【考点】形容词作表语.【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】学生每天做运动是必要的.【解答】考查翻译填空.根据汉语提示及其英语句子,可知要翻译的部分为:必要的.英语表达是:necessary.形容词.句意:学生每天做运动是必要的.故答案为necessary.【点评】做这类题型,首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写,再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化.18.Smart phones are very popular among (在……之间) young people.【考点】其他介词.【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】智能手机在年轻人中非常流行.【解答】句意:智能手机在年轻人中非常流行.among,介词,在……之间.故答案为among.【点评】翻译填空,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语,构成合乎语法,句意完整的句子.19.Mr Green often p unishes his children by not letting them play games.【考点】一般现在时.【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】Green先生经常惩罚他的孩子不让他们玩游戏.【解答】考查首字母填空.根据题干:后面说不让他们玩游戏,结合提示,p,应该是用punish惩罚,结合often,经常,可知时态是一般现在时,主语Mr Green,是第三人称单数,故动词要用第三人称单数形式:punishes故答案为:punishes.【点评】考查首字母填空.准确地翻译句子、理解句子,然后根据句意及提示用合适的词的合适形式完成句子,使句意更通顺.20.My father isn't tall or short.He is of medium h eight .【考点】名词作主宾表补定.【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】我父亲不高也不矮,他中等身高.【解答】height高度,可数名词;根据首字母h,结合句意"我父亲不高也不矮,他中等身高"可知,要用单数形式.故答案为height.【点评】首字母填空要根据所给的单词首字母,既要关注句子的含义,又要考虑语法结构,是难度比较大的.所以做的时候要细心认真.考点卡片1.形容词词义辨析【考点介绍】形容词词义辨析主要考察学生对于具有相似或相近意义的形容词的辨析能力,这些形容词在意义或用法上可能存在细微的差别。常见的考查方式包括单项选择题、填空题、阅读理解题等。【典型例题】My Chinese is poor all the time.How can I improve my_______skills?( )A.speakB.speakingC.spoken分析:我的中文一直很差。如何提高我的口语技能?解答:A说,动词原形;B说,动词现在分词;C口语的,形容词。口语技能为:speaking skill。故选:B。点评:考查形容词词义辨析。根据句意和选项得出正确答案。【解题思路】1.确定选项中的形容词首先需要确定选项中给出的形容词,以便后续的辨析。可以大致理解每个形容词的大致意思,对于不熟悉的形容词可以借助词典或其他工具进行查询。2.分析上下文语境根据上下文语境来确定需要选择的形容词。注意形容词所在句子的主谓宾结构和整段文字的大致意思,根据这些信息来选择正确的形容词。3.注意形容词的细微差别对于具有相似或相近意义的形容词,需要注意它们之间的细微差别。例如,"happy"和"content"都可以表示满意的,但是"happy"通常指积极的情感,"content"则更加中性。4.结合生活常识和背景知识有时候题目会考察一些生活常识和背景知识,需要结合自己的背景知识来进行辨析。例如,"hot"和"warm"都可以表示温暖的,但是"hot"通常指加热过的,"warm"则更加通用。2.可数名词及其单复数【考点介绍】可数名词是指可以计数或分割成单个实体的名词。在英语中,可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,单数形式是指单个实体,复数形式则是指多个实体。正确使用可数名词的单复数形式是英语语言能力的重要组成部分。可数名词的复数形式变化规则:注意:(1)以﹣s结尾的学科类名词,一般是不可数名词.如:maths,physics,politics等.(2)表示由两部分构成的物体的名词,其形式上可数,若表达具体数目时,要借助数量词pair来表示,其单复数形式取决于pair的单复数形式.如:a pair of trousers一条裤子.(3)以复数形式出现的书名、剧名、报纸、杂志名词,看作单数名词.如:The New York Times(《纽约时报》);The Arabian Nights(《一千零一夜》).(4)以﹣s结尾表示国家、组织或公司名称的专有名词,通常被看作单数.如:the United States(美利坚合众国);the United Nations(联合国).(5)以﹣s结尾表示群岛、山脉、瀑布等自然景观的专有名词,通常被看作复数.如:the Huangguoshu Falls(黄果树瀑布);the Olympic Games(奥林匹克运动会).(6)复合名词的复数形式分为两种:一是只将主体名词变为复数形式;二是如果是man,woman与其他名词组成的复合名词,那么两个名词都要变为复数形式.如:an apple tree,two apple trees,a woman teacher,some women teachers.【典型例题】After careful analysis,the scientists can provide useful ________ (recommend) and suggestions for farmers.分析:经过仔细分析,科学家可以为农民提供有用的提议和建议。解答:recommend"推荐",动词;根据useful可知形容词修饰名词,recommendation意为"建议",可数名词,此处表示泛指,名词使用复数形式。故填:recommendations。点评:考查词性转换,准确地理解句子、翻译句子,根据提示确定所填单词词性,然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构,根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。【解题思路】1.识别可数名词:可数名词通常具有具体的实体形态,例如人、物、动物等。另外,一些抽象概念也可以被视为可数名词,例如想法、情感等。2.掌握单复数形式的变换规则:一般来说,大多数可数名词的复数形式是在单数形式的基础上添加"s"或"es",但也有一些特殊的变换规则。3.注意语境:可数名词的单复数形式使用往往与语境密切相关。在一些情况下,需要根据上下文和语境来判断使用单数还是复数形式。3.名词作主宾表补定【考点介绍】名词在句中可以用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语和补语。这些用法在语法和语义上都有不同的特点。如:1.作主语Our agent in London sent a mail this afternoon.今天下午我们在伦敦的代理发来一封邮件。2.作宾语1)作动词的直接宾语Jack sent a package from London this afternoon.杰克今天下午从伦敦寄来一个包裹。2)作动词的间接宾语Jack sent his boss an email.杰克给他的老板发了一封电子邮件。3)作介词的宾语I read about the news in the Fortune Magazine.我在财富杂志上看到的这个消息。3.作表语Jenny is our guest.珍妮是我们的客人。4.作定语(通常采用单数形式)I got the story book as a present from my grandmother when I was 5.我五岁时祖母送给我了一本故事书作为礼物。5.作同位语Jack, a BBC reporter,asked for an interview.杰克,BBC的记者,要求采访。6.作补语The doctor made me his assistant.医生让我成为他的助手。【典型例题】There are only two ______ assistants in that ______ shop.( )A.woman;shoeB.women;shoeC.woman;shoesD.women;shoes分析:在那家鞋店只有两个女助理。解答:woman作定语时,若要修饰的词是复数,则woman需要变为复数。shoe作定语用单数。故选:B。点评:掌握并熟练运用名词作定语是解答此题的关键。【解题思路】1.确定句子结构:在分析名词用法时,首先要确定句子结构,了解主语、宾语、表语、定语和补语在句子中的位置和作用。2.识别动词:名词在句子中的用法往往与动词有关。识别动词可以帮助你确定名词在句子中的角色。3.理解语义:理解句子的语义可以帮助你判断名词的正确用法。4.熟悉固定短语:某些名词在固定短语中经常使用。5.上下文推断:根据上下文的语境,有时可以推断出名词的正确用法。4.其他介词【考点介绍】介词是一种虚词,是英语中最活跃的词类之一,也是中考中经常涉及的考点,其用法变化多样.介词不能单独使用,英语里大部分用语都是由介词和名词、代词或动名词构成介词短语,在句中做表语,定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分。英语中的介词用途是非常广泛的,而且往往一个介词在不同语境中的用法也是不尽相同,除了前面那些主要介词之外,还有一些其它介词的考点:表示计量的介词:at,for,byat表示"以……速度""以……价格"。例如:I sold my car at a high price.我以高价出售了我的汽车。2)for表示"用……交换,以……为代价"。例如:He sold his car for 500 dollars.他以五百元把车卖了。注意:at表示单价(price) ,for表示总钱数。by表示"以……计",后跟度量单位。例如:They paid him by the month.他们按月给他计酬。表示材料的介词:of,from,inof成品仍可看出原料。例如:This box is made of paper.这个盒子是纸做的。from成品已看不出原料。例如:Wine is made from grapes.葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。表示关于的介词:of ,about,onof仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事。例如:He spoke of the film the other day.他前几天提到了这部影片。about指"关于"某人或某事物的较详细的情况。例如:Can you tell me something about yourself?你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗?on指"关于"学术性的或严肃的事。例如:It's a textbook on the history of china.它是一本有关中国历史的教科书。表示好像或当作的介词:like,as1)like表示"像……一样"。例如:Peter the Great,ike his country,was strong and proud.彼得大帝像他的国家一样强健和自豪。2)as表示"作为,以……身份"。例如:He talked to me as a father.他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。表示支持或反对的介词:against,foragainst反对,for支持,互为反义词。例如:Are you for my idea or against it?你赞同还是反对我的想法? 【典型例题】Don't stand __________ the window.It's too dangerous.againstB.withC.alongD.in分析:不要靠窗站着。这很危险。解答:against倚,靠;with有,一起;along沿着;in在里面;根据句意:不要靠窗站着,可知此处用against,表示"靠"。故选:A。点评:注意介词用法,结合语境,选择正确答案。 【解题思路】介词在英语学习中是"无处不在",解题时要注意精准把握句意,平时学习中要大量熟记不同介词的含义和固定搭配的用法。 5.形容词作表语【考点介绍】该考点主要涉及到形容词在句子中作为表语的作用和位置。形容词作表语主要是用来描述主语的状态或性质,通常放在系动词后面。1.位置形容词作表语常位于连系动词后:be(是),look(看起来),feel(摸起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来),get/become/grow (变得),go/ come (变),remain(保持)等。Our English teacher is young and strong.我们英语老师又年轻又强壮。I'm glad to meet you again.很高兴又见到你。The dishes taste delicious那几道菜味道美极了。2.只能用作表语的形容词大多数形容词可以用作定语或表语,但有些形容词只能用作表语。1)以"a﹣"开头的形容词:asleep睡着的,afraid害怕的,awake醒着的,alone孤单的,alive活着的,ashamed羞耻的,alike 相似的I am afraid I can't go with you.恐怕我不能跟你去。She is asleep now.她现在睡着了。2)content,ill,drunk,sure,liable,unable,well等词。The film is worth seeing.电影值得看。I am not feeling well now.我现在感觉不舒服。【典型例题】He says he is unable to give up smoking.He is completely_________.( )A.addictedB.addictiveC.addictionD.addicting分析:他说他戒不掉烟。他完全上瘾了。解答:A.addicted上瘾的(形容词);B.addictive使人上瘾的(形容词);C.addiction毒瘾(名词);D.addicting使沉溺(addict的现在分词形式)。根据句意和空格前的副词completely分析句子可知,空格处应该填入一个形容词作表语,且意义为"上瘾的",所以A正确。故选:A。点评:单项选择是一种容量大、考查面广的题型。它可集中考查词法、句法、语法知识。因此在各级各类考试中,单项选择是必不可少的题型。解答单项选择题,一般要经过四个阶段:阅读审题—观察分析—选择判断—复查验证。【解题思路】1.确定形容词的位置:形容词通常放在系动词后面,作为表语。2.理解句意:形容词作为表语用来描述主语的状态或性质。3.选择正确选项:基于以上理解,你可以从选项中选择正确的答案。6.副词修饰动词【考点介绍】副词在句子中通常位于动词之后,形容词之前。其主要功能是修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,在句子中主要用来表示时间、地点、程度等。正确使用副词可以增强句子的清晰度和准确性,使语言表达更加生动有力。1.位置当副词用来修饰动词的时候,一般情况下要放在动词的前面。句子中有be动词和助动词的时候,副词要放在be动词和助动词的后面;当句子中有多个助动词的时候,副词要放在第一个助动词的后面。但是有一些副词是比较特殊的,只能在句尾。比如:well (好的)、badly (糟糕的)、hard (努力地、深地)等等。如:My spoken English is well in my class.我的英语口语在我们班是不错的。You should say it clearly,do you understand?你明白,你要说清楚吗?2.多个副词修饰动词时的排序当我们遇到一个句子中有多个副词的时候,我们要按照一定的顺序来排列。当时间、地点副词在一起的时候,要遵守"小单位的在前,大单位在后"的原则。当多个方式副词在一起的时候,要遵守"短的在前,长的在后'原则,且要用and、but等词来连接。如:You should do your homework quickly and carefully.你应该又快又仔细地完成你的作业。I like reading novels very much.我非常喜欢阅读。You should eat enough fruit in your dinner.你应该在晚饭的时候吃足够的水果。【典型例题】Children will ask all kinds of questions________ when they see and hear everything.( )A.curiousB.curiouslyC.curiosityD.with curious分析:孩子们所见所闻都会好奇地问各种各样的问题。解答:空处修饰动词ask,要用副词curiously修饰,表示"好奇地"。故选:B。点评:本题考查副词的用法。学生需正确理解句意,判断空处在句中的成分,从而使用单词的正确形式。【解题思路】1.确定句子中的动词:在找到副词修饰的动词之前,首先要确定句子中的动词。2.找到修饰动词的副词:副词通常位于动词附近,用于描述动词的行为或状态。3.分析副词的作用:分析副词在句子中的作用,判断其是否修饰动词。如果副词修饰动词,则该副词是正确答案的可能性较大。4.确定答案:根据题目要求,从选项中选择与所给句子中副词作用相符的选项作为答案。7.及物动词【考点介绍】及物动词是英语动词的一种类型,是指具有完整意义,可以单独作谓语的动词,后面可以跟宾语,表示一个动作或行为对一个对象产生影响。宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词等。1.用法:后面必须跟宾语,英语中的及物动词有:interest,worry,guess,please,surprise,love等例:I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议.2.易混淆点及物动词与不及物动词:及物动词带宾语,不及物动词不带宾语He asked the teacher a few questions.他向老师问了几个问题.George's father lives there.乔治的爸爸住在那里.【典型例题】In the second﹣ hand shop,the young guy puts on the T﹣ shirt to see if it_______ him.( )A.fitsB.fits forC.is suitD.suitable for分析:在二手店,年轻人穿上T恤衫,看看是否合身。解答:考查及物动词。根据句意,表示"衣服的大小或尺寸适合某人",一般用fit,及物动词;而表示"衣服的颜色或款式适合某人",常用动词suit。表示"适合",还可以用be fit for或be suitable for,fit和suitable为形容词。所以选项A正确;而选项B不是固定搭配,选项C和D应用is suitable for。故选:A。点评:本题考查及物动词,首先要掌握及物动词与不及物动词的用法区别,根据句子结构确定使用及物动词还是不及物动词。【解题思路】1.通过查词典或者语法书来确定题目所给的动词是否是及物动词。2.确定及物动词后面跟的宾语是什么。宾语必须是名词、代词、动名词等,不能是形容词或副词。3.根据句子的意思和语境,确定及物动词的时态和语态。4.根据需要,确定是否需要使用情态动词或助动词来构成疑问句或否定句等。8.动名词作动词宾语【考点介绍】动名词是一种非谓语动词形式,可以表示动词的名词形式,具有名词的语法特征。动名词的一般式是指动名词的基本形式,通常用于描述一般的、经常性的动作或行为,可以作主语、定语、表语和宾语。某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。常考的动词有:admit,appreciate,excuse,stand,advise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,enjoy,finish 等。例如:They went on walking and never stopped talking.他们继续走,说个不停。【典型例题】Would you mind _____ off your face mask?to takeB.takeC.taking分析:你介意把你的面罩拿掉吗?解答:take off摘下。选项A是动词不定式;选项B是动词原形;选项C是动名词。根据观察可知题干使用了would mind doing sth句型,意思是"介意干某事"。故选:C。点评:本题主要考查动名词作宾语的用法。 【解题思路】1.确定句子中的主要动词,以及该动词所需要的宾语位置。2.观察句子中是否已经有宾语,或者是否需要使用不定式作宾语。一般来说,像"like","hate","love"等动词后面既可以用动名词作宾语,也可以用不定式作宾语,而像"want","plan","expect"等动词后面通常需要接不定式作宾语。3.如果句子中没有宾语,或者需要使用动名词作宾语,将动名词放在主要动词后面,并注意动名词的时态和语态(主动或被动)。4.确认句子意思是否正确,如果正确,则可以得出答案。例如,"I like playing basketball"中,"like"后面接的是动名词"playing basketball",表示"我喜欢打篮球"。5.需要注意的是,有些动词后面固定需要接不定式作宾语,比如"want to do","hope to do"等等。同时,还有一些动词后面需要接特定的动名词作宾语,比如"enjoy doing","practise doing"等等。因此,在解题时需要注意区分这些特殊情况。9.动名词作介词宾语【考点介绍】动名词是一种非谓语动词形式,可以表示动词的名词形式,具有名词的语法特征。动名词的一般式是指动名词的基本形式,通常用于描述一般的、经常性的动作或行为,可以作主语、定语、表语和宾语。动名词也可以作为介词的宾语。例如,在句子"He is interested in playing basketball."中,"playing basketball"是介词"in"的宾语。在这个句子中,"playing"是动名词,表示一种行为或活动,"basketball"是介词的宾语,说明这种行为或活动所涉及的对象。需要注意的是,动名词作为介词宾语时,它的形式和作为动词宾语时是一样的。但是,动名词作为介词宾语通常用于描述主语的兴趣、爱好、能力等方面,而动词宾语则更多地用于描述动作或行为本身。【典型例题】The students spent two hours ______ their new project.A.discussingB.discussedC.to discussD.discusses分析:学生们花了两个小时讨论他们的新项目。解答:discuss讨论。A.动名词;B.过去式;C.不定式;D.第三人称单数形式。根据题干,可知考查spend...doing sth花费……做某事。故选:A。点评:熟悉动名词的用法,结合题意,给出答案。 【解题思路】1.确定句子中包含的介词,以及介词所在的短语或从句。2.观察介词后面是否需要接动名词作宾语。一般来说,像"in","on","at"等介词后面通常需要接动名词作宾语。3.在需要使用动名词作宾语的情况下,将动名词放在介词后面,并注意动名词的时态和语态(主动或被动)。4.确认句子意思是否正确,如果正确,则可以得出答案。例如,"I am interested in playing basketball"中,"in"后面接的是动名词"playing basketball",表示"我对打篮球感兴趣"。需要注意的是,有些介词后面固定需要接特定的动名词作宾语,比如"look forward to doing"等。因此,在解题时需要注意区分这些特殊情况。同时,还需要注意介词的用法和含义,以及动名词的正确形式和意义。 10.一般现在时【考点介绍】一般现在时,是描述现在或经常性的性质、动作或状态的时态,表示通常性、规律性、习惯性、真理性的状态或者动作有时间规律发生的时间的一种时间状态.1.结构①be动词的一般现在时:主语+am/is/are+其它.I am a student.He is a student.They are students.②实义动词的一般现在时:主语+动词原形/第三人称单数形式+其它.I like apples.He likes apples.2.用法①表示习惯性、经常性或者反复出现的动作、状态,常与表示频度的时间状语连用.如:always,sometimes,every day,every morning,once a week,hardly,ever,never…例:I usually go to school at seven o'clock.我通常在七点钟上学.②描述现在的特征、状态、能力、性格等,是为了表示现阶段的动作或状态.例:This job calls for great patience.这份工作需要极大的耐心.③表示客观真理、客观事实.例:The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转.④表示名言警句.Actions speak louder than words.身教胜于言传.⑤一般现在时可以表示按规定、计划或时间表要发生的事情,通常有一个表示未来的时间状语.The plane takes off at 8:00.飞起8点钟起飞.⑥在时间状语或条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来动作.If I see Kate I'll tell her.如果我看到凯特我会告诉她.I'll tell her after you leave.你走之后我再告诉她.3.易混淆点一般现在时与现在进行时:一般现在时表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作或现在的状态,强调长期性、稳定性.现在进行时指现在、此刻或现在这一时期内正在进行的动作,强调暂时性、不稳定性.She usually goes to school at seven o'clock.(经常性、习惯性动作)She is going to school now.(现在此刻正在发生的动作)【典型例题】Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport ________ in half an hour.( )A.will be leftB.leavesC.has leftD.will have left分析:简很着急,因为去机场的火车半小时后就要开了。解答:根据句意和in half an hour可知这句话使用一般现在时,因为这里表示按照时刻表,火车即将离开,用一般现在时表示将来的动作,主语是单数,谓语用三单。故选:B。点评:解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别,再联系句意进行判断,从而选出正确答案。考生做此类题型,要分析句子结构,理解句意,考虑语境,选择恰当词。切忌:粗心大意,惯性判断。要注意细心分析验证,得出答案。【解题思路】1.确定时态:首先确定句子所描述的动作或状态是发生在现在,还是过去或未来。如果动作或状态发生在现在,那么可以使用一般现在时态。2.选择正确的动词形式:在一般现在时态中,动词使用一般现在式,即动词的原型或第三人称单数形式。如果句子主语是复数形式(如they/we等),则动词使用复数形式的动词原型(如play/work等)。3.注意特殊情况:有一些动词在一般现在时态中使用的形式与其基本形式不同,例如be动词(am/is/are)、have动词(has/have)等。在使用这些动词时需要注意其正确形式。11.历史【考点介绍】历史类文章主要涉及各个时期的重要事件、人物、文化和历史背景等内容。这类文章可能以说明、叙述或描述等形式出现,通常会涉及历史事件的因果关系、影响和意义。【解题思路】1.明确文章主题和目的:快速浏览文章以确定主题和目的。这有助于理解文章的主要内容,并帮助你把握文章的大致走向。2.了解历史背景和分期:仔细阅读文章,注意历史背景和分期方法的介绍。例如,古代、中世纪、近代等。注意这些信息,以便更好地理解文章的内容。3.注意重要事件和人物:文章可能介绍重要事件和人物。例如,重大战争、政治变革、文化运动等。注意这些信息,以便更好地理解历史的脉络和演变。4.了解文化背景和影响:文章可能强调文化背景和历史事件的影响。例如,宗教、哲学、科技等。注意这些内容,以便更好地理解历史时期的文化特征和影响。5.语法和拼写检查:在完成回答时,一定要花时间检查你的答案的语法和拼写,以确保你的答案在语法和拼写上都是正确的。6.利用已知信息:如果在考试中遇到关于你对某段历史的看法或对历史事件的影响等问题,而文章中没有明确的信息,你可以利用你已经知道的信息来回答问题。12.环境保护【考点介绍】环境保护类文章主要涉及环境保护的重要性、环境保护政策、环境保护行动、环境污染与生态破坏等内容。这类文章可能以说明、叙述或描述等形式出现,通常会涉及对环境问题的分析、探讨和解决方案的提出。【解题思路】1.明确文章主题和目的:快速浏览文章以确定主题和目的。这有助于理解文章的主要内容,并帮助你把握文章的大致走向。2.了解环境保护的重要性和影响:仔细阅读文章,了解环境保护的重要性和影响。例如,环境保护对人类生存、经济发展和社会稳定的重要作用。注意这些信息,以便更好地理解文章的背景和内容。3.注意环境保护政策和行动:文章可能介绍一些环境保护政策和行动。例如,减排降污、生态保护红线、绿色能源等。注意这些信息,以便更好地理解政府在环境保护方面的作为。分析环境污染与生态破坏的原因和影响:文章可能对环境污染与生态破坏的原因和影响进行分析。例如,工业污染、生态破坏对生态系统、人类健康和经济的影响。注意这些信息,以便更好地了解环境问题的严重性。4.探讨解决方案和措施:文章可能探讨环境保护的解决方案和措施。例如,提高环保意识、推广可再生能源、优化产业结构等。注意这些内容,以便更好地理解如何解决环境问题。5.语法和拼写检查:在完成回答时,一定要花时间检查你的答案的语法和拼写,以确保你的答案在语法和拼写上都是正确的。6.利用已知信息:如果在考试中遇到关于你对某种环境保护措施的看法等问题,而文章中没有明确的信息,你可以利用你已经知道的信息来回答问题。13.说明文【考点介绍】在英语中,"说明文"类文章通常涉及对某个特定主题或观点的详细阐述。这类文章通常具有明确的目的,旨在解释某个概念、过程或观点,帮助读者更好地理解和掌握。与议论文不同的是,说明文不涉及个人观点和立场,而是侧重于客观地阐述事实和信息。【解题思路】1.理解主题和目的:注意文章的标题和开头段落,这可以帮助你快速了解文章的主题和作者要阐述的内容。2.抓住主要特点:例如事物或现象的主要特点、工作原理或操作步骤等。3.分析文章结构:通常来说,说明文会按照以下结构展开:引言(Introduction)、主体(Body)和结论(Conclusion)。4.细节阅读:注意文章中使用的实例、数据和插图等辅助材料。5.完形填空:要根据上下文语境和语法知识选择正确选项。注意选项之间的逻辑关系和语法搭配,同时要结合文章的主题和内容进行推理。6.写作:要明确主题和目的,安排好文章结构。在写作过程中,使用适当的语言表达自己的观点和解释,同时要注意语言的准确性和逻辑性。可以使用实例、数据和图表等辅助材料来支持你的观点。14.细节理解【考点介绍】英语阅读中的"细节理解"考点主要考察考生对文章中特定细节的理解和把握能力。这类考点通常会以各种形式出现,例如直接细节题、间接细节题、细节转换题等。这类题目通常会涉及到文章中的一些具体事实、细节,如时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等。【解题思路】1.抓住关键词:首先,考生需要先明确题目中询问的具体内容,一般来说,题目中的"细节"一词通常会与时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等关键词一起出现。2.精准定位:在找到关键词后,考生需要快速浏览文章,找到与题目中询问的内容相关的段落。注意,题目中的细节可能会出现在不同的段落中,因此考生需要仔细阅读每个段落,尤其是包含关键词的句子及其周围的句子。3.理解细节内容:在找到相关段落后,考生需要仔细阅读该段落的每一句话,理解其具体含义。对于其中的时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等细节信息,考生需要特别注意。同时,考生还需要注意段落中的逻辑关系,这有助于理解细节信息的真正含义。4.对比选项:一般来说,正确答案会在原文中直接给出或者根据原文中的细节信息进行推理得到。考生要注意选项中的细节是否与原文一致,尤其要注意那些在原文中被特别强调的信息。5.排除干扰项:有些选项可能会给出与原文相似但不完全一致的信息,或者给出一些原文中没有提到的信息。考生要学会识别这些干扰项,从而排除它们,找到正确答案。15.推理判断【考点介绍】推理判断题是英语阅读中的高级题型,它要求考生在理解文章的基础上,根据文章中的线索和提示,推断出作者未明确表述的观点或态度。推理判断题不仅要求考生对文章有深入的理解,还要求考生具备分析、推理和判断的能力。推理判断题通常会以两种形式出现:直接推理题和间接推理题。【解题思路】1.理解全文:首先,考生需要理解全文的大意和结构,了解作者的观点和态度。要特别注意那些表明作者观点或态度的关键词和语句,如形容词、副词、动词等。2.抓住细节:要特别注意那些与文章主题相关的细节,如数据、事实、例子等。3.分析推理:需要根据文章中的线索和提示,运用逻辑推理和分析判断的能力,推断出作者未明确表述的观点或态度。4.比对选项:注意选项中是否与文章内容相符、是否符合逻辑、是否忠于原文。5.排除干扰项:有些选项可能会偏离文章的主题或作者的意图,或者包含错误的信息,考生要学会排除这些干扰项,找到最符合文章内容和作者意图的选项。 (1)A.reasonB.exampleC.useD.people(2)A.produceB.protectC.reduceD.repeat(3)A.everyB.bothC.allD.one(4)A.exercisesB.schoolbagsC.notebooksD.newspapers(5)A.sendB.buyC.receiveD.make(6)A.dryB.richC.cleanD.dirty(7)A.ThrowB.KeepC.TryD.Lose(8)A.burnB.sellC.washD.collect(9)A.angryB.tiredC.sadD.happy(10)A.whenB.whetherC.whyD.what(1)A.onB.atC.inD.by(2)A.spendB.payC.costD.take(3)A.airB.foodC.flowersD.water(4)A.sometimesB.justC.stillD.always(5)A.goingB.changingC.comingD.setting(6)A.comes downB.wakes upC.rises upD.falls off(7)A.putB.buildC.climbD.fly(8)A.higherB.shorterC.coolerD.longer(9)A.butB.whenC.soD.if(10)A.such asB.as ifC.for exampleD.look like(1)A.reasonB.exampleC.useD.people(2)A.produceB.protectC.reduceD.repeat(3)A.everyB.bothC.allD.one(4)A.exercisesB.schoolbagsC.notebooksD.newspapers(5)A.sendB.buyC.receiveD.make(6)A.dryB.richC.cleanD.dirty(7)A.ThrowB.KeepC.TryD.Lose(8)A.burnB.sellC.washD.collect(9)A.angryB.tiredC.sadD.happy(10)A.whenB.whetherC.whyD.what(1)A.onB.atC.inD.by(2)A.spendB.payC.costD.take(3)A.airB.foodC.flowersD.water(4)A.sometimesB.justC.stillD.always(5)A.goingB.changingC.comingD.setting(6)A.comes downB.wakes upC.rises upD.falls off(7)A.putB.buildC.climbD.fly(8)A.higherB.shorterC.coolerD.longer(9)A.butB.whenC.soD.if(10)A.such asB.as ifC.for exampleD.look like情况构成方法例词一般情况加﹣s.①在清辅音后面读/s/②在元音及浊辅音后读/z/③以/s/,/z/,/dʒ/结尾时读/ɪz/cap→caps;dog→dogs;bike→bikes;driver→drivers以字母s,sh,ch,x等结尾加﹣es,一般读作/ɪz/bus→buses;wish→wishes;watch→watches;box→boxes以"辅音字母+y"结尾变y为i,再加﹣es,﹣ies.一般读作/ɪz/lady→ladies;century→centuries;family→families;story→stories以f或fe结尾一般变f,fe为v,再加﹣es.﹣ves一般读作/vz/leaf→leaves;life→lives;half→halves;knife→knives以o结尾①以﹣o结尾的有生命的名词后加﹣es.﹣es一般读作/z/.②以﹣o结尾的无生命的名词及以﹣oo结尾的名词后加﹣s.﹣s一般读作/z/.tomato→tomatoes;hero→heroes;potato→potatoes;radio→radios;zoo→zoos;例外:photo→photos;piano→pianos复合名词将后一个词变为复数tooth﹣brush→tooth﹣brushes;film﹣goer→film﹣goers两部分都变复数man doctor→men doctors;woman teacher→women teachers特殊名词改变内部元音字母foot→feet;tooth→teeth;man→men;mouse→mice词尾加﹣renchild→children单复数同形Chinese→Chinese;sheep→sheep;deer→deer