(期末典型真题)脱式计算-安徽省合肥市2023-2024学年五年级上册数学期末必刷卷(苏教版)
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这是一份(期末典型真题)脱式计算-安徽省合肥市2023-2024学年五年级上册数学期末必刷卷(苏教版),共45页。试卷主要包含了下面各题怎样简便就怎样算,用递等式计算,下面各题怎样简便怎样算,脱式计算,脱式计算,能简算的要简算,计算下面各题,怎样简便就怎样算,简便计算等内容,欢迎下载使用。
试卷说明:本试卷试题精选自安徽省合肥市市区、巢湖、庐江近两年五年级上学期期末真题试卷,难易度均衡,适合安徽省合肥市市区、巢湖、庐江及使用苏教版教材的五年级学生期末复习备考使用!
1.下面各题怎样简便就怎样算。
7.9+4.32+2.1+4.68 18.67—(8.67+4.21)
4.7+1.25×4.8÷8 8.13×14-4×8.13
7.6×1.01 0.4×[1.7+(6.8-1.15)]
2.用递等式计算
48048÷12+88; (1﹣0.8×)÷; (7.9﹣3.06÷0.68)×1.5.
3.下面各题怎样简便怎样算.
4.脱式计算.
5.8×4.5+5.8×5.5 0.038+9.9×0.38 6.48÷(0.12×2.7)
32.8×1.6÷3.2 9.52÷3.4+7.2 0.36×9×2.5
5.脱式计算(能简算的要简算)
7.56-1.34-2.66 9.36÷1.2×9.9+0.78 81.9÷(0.9×0.5)
(2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7)×0.25 12.8÷[0.5×(45.5-29.5)]
6.脱式计算。(能简便的请简便计算)
5.33+1.11+3.67 0.75×7.5-0.75×3.5 [5×(2-1.916)]÷0.12
7.脱式计算,能简算的要简算。
6.3×10.1
0.25×0.8×4×0.125
0.75×18÷0.15
2.5×3.7+6.3×2.5
8.下面各题,怎样算简便就怎么样计算
0.3×[1.7+(5.4-2.25)] (18.1+14.6×0.5)÷2.54 1.25÷(5÷8)
1.25×25×3.2 0.35×102 0.84×99
6.78-1.25-2.75+3.22 6.4÷2+3.2×9 12.2÷2.54+13.2÷2.54
9.计算下面各题,怎样简便就怎样算。
48×1.25 99×1.4
7.7÷(14.2-3.2)×3.5 0.25×(0.9×4)
10.简便计算
12.25+(1.83+6.75) 3.45+5.56+5.55
6.75-(0.9+3.75) 94.54-(84.54-45.65)
25.65-(7.12-4.35) 5.12-1.3+1.88-2.7
8.4×0.26+0.74×8.4 0.25×0.8×0.125×40
5.6×101-5.6 4×(0.25+4)
11.递等式计算,能简算的要简算:
(1)6.8×0.56+0.44×6.8
(2)8.7÷0.2÷0.5
12.下面各题,怎样算简便就怎样算。
13.怎样简便就怎样算。
73.8-1.64-13.2-5.36 66.86-8.66-1.34
36.8-3.9-6.1 13.75-(3.75+6.48)
5.48-(5.4-0.52) 3.9-4.1+6.1-5.9
4.02+5.4+0.98 5.17-1.8-3.2
14.计算:7.42×99
15.请用你学过的运算定律计算下面两题,并写出主要过程。
12.89+6.16+3.84 23.79-(4.06+3.79)
16.脱式计算.
(1)39.6+5.63-28.7
(2)515.14-(10.28+1.5)
(3)70.9-1.25-1.75
(4)3.73+1.25+5.27+8.75
17.用简便方法计算。
275-169-31 57×99+57 0.58+13.64+1.42
45×102 25×39×4 48×7.8+52×7.8
18.计算下面各题,能用简便方法计算的用简便方法计算.
12.5×0.4×2.5×8 9.5×101
4.2×7.8+2.2×4.2 0.87×3.16+4.64
6.8×0.75÷0.5 46.2×99+46.2
19.脱式计算,能简算的要简算.
6.85-2.13-1.87 28.5×10.1-28.5×0.1
3.4÷(0.5+0.3×4) 0.648÷〔(0.4+0.5)×0.6〕
20.计算下面各题,怎样简便就怎样算。
0.87×3.16+4.64 12.5×4.8
100-2.7÷0.36-2.5×5 0.46×1.9+0.54×1.9
21.计算下面各题,能简算的要简算.
①1.25×3.9×0.8
②63.4÷2.5÷0.4
③0.8×6.8﹣0.8×3.8
④202×0.15
22.用简便方法计算下列各题。
2.5×(0.4+8) 9.6×11-9.6
23.用递等式计算。
24.下面各题,能简算的要用简便方法计算。
3.2×1.5+4.8÷2.5 1.25×0.78×8 97.97-3.36-6.64
0.89×99+0.89 6.48÷[(1.4-0.8)×0.9]
25.用简便方法计算.
(1)1.5×105
(2)2.33×0.5×4
(3)24.6+18.7+15.4
(4)1.2×2.5+0.8×2.5.
26.下面各题,怎样简便就怎样算。
0.25×36 0.56×99+0.56 (31.6-11.7)÷2.5÷4
4.72-0.95+5.28-2.05 6.87×[40÷(3.49-3.09)]
27.脱式计算,能简算的要简算.
3.6÷1.5÷2
28.脱式计算(能简算的要简算)
(1)4.65﹣1.55﹣1.45
(2)58.1﹣29.7÷3
(3)201×3.5﹣3.5
(4)2.2×0.25+0.25×1.8.
29.脱式计算.
3.52×8.6+8.6×0.48 1.25×8.8 7.3÷4+2.7×0.25
30.用简便方法计算下列各题.
2.5×1.02 9.43×101-9.43 12.5×6.4×0.25
2.76×37+63×2.76 27.8-(7.8+2.3)
31.计算下面各题,能简便计算的要用简便方法计算。
0.648÷[(0.4+0.5)×0.6] 3.72×3.5+6.28×3.5
10.95-(15.6÷8+3.9) 2.5×0.32×12.5
32.简便计算
28.7×3.3+3.3×71.3
217.2﹣25.6﹣75.4﹣17.2
25×32×1.25.
33.计算下面各题,怎样简便就怎样算。
0.44×2.5 2.25×0.4+0.6 31.04÷3.2-4.7
34.计数下面各题,能简算的要简算。
35.下列各题能简便的要简便计算。
3.4-0.58+6.6-0.42 6.78×[9÷(5.97-5.07)]
(2.5+2.9)÷4÷1.5 6.8×3.9+3.9×3.2
6.8×9.9 6.8×39+3.9×32
36.计算下面各题,能简算的要简算。
3.42+5.73+6.58 35.7×101-35.7 4.4×0.25
7.68-(4.68+1.2) 2.4×[(1.3+2.7)÷0.2]
37.计算下面各题。(怎样简便就怎样算)
38.用简便方法计算:
(1)4.45+0.63+5.55 (2) 6.58-(2.58+0.9) (3)7.23+6.84-0.84+2.77
39.下面各题怎样算简便就怎样算。
0.8×3.37×12.5 6.87×[80÷(3.49-3.09)]
4.57-1.4+2.43-0.6 8.5÷2.5×101-3.4
40.脱式计算,能简算的要简算。
41.简便计算。
0.73×0.25×4 0.37+1.37+0.63 7.6×0.8+0.2×7.6
5.78+0.84+0.16 12.5×0.96×8 1.27+3.9+0.73+6.1
0.25×36 1.28×8.6-0.28×8.6 2.4×1.02
9-4.37-0.63 0.45÷0.6÷0.5 5.52-0.55-0.45
42.用简便方法计算下面各题.
6.8×102
30.94﹣5.09﹣4.91
5.4×2.3+5.4×7.7
3.2×12.5×0.25.
43.能简算就简算。
12.37-4.69-5.31 96÷[4×(1.34-0.14)]
5.95×9+5.95 8×(12.5+1.25)
44.计算下面各题,能简算的必须简算.
9.5×1.06﹣2.52÷2.4 6.25÷1.25÷0.8 101×0.45
1.2×2.5+0.8×2.5 0.8×2.5×0.4×12.5 4.75×99+4.75
45.用递等式计算。
6.27÷0.3+3 12.5×0.48×0.8 5.2×[(1.3+2.1)÷0.2]
46.用简便方法计算.
4.35+0.76+5.65 3.92+2.37+6.08+7.63 34.5-(6.98-5.5)
47.用简便方法计算下列各题。
15.6×1.01-15.6 3.29+32.9×9.9
4.56×12.4-4.56×3.4+4.56 (2.5-0.125)×4×0.8
48.能简算的要简算。
49.脱式计算,能简算的要简算。
50.计算下面各题,能简算的要简算.
0.8×(12.5-1.25)
4.27×0.74+0.26×4.27
12.5×32×2.5
5.4×99+5.4
51.脱式计算。
13-5.4+4.6 132+25×(40-4)
52.计算,能简算的要简算.
36÷0.18÷2 12.5×3.7×8
0.17×2.12+9.83×2.12 127.35÷4.5+4.68
53.能简算的要用简便方法计算
24.1×1.5+7.59×15 (3.7+17×0.4)÷3.5 75.36÷12﹣4.32×0.5
8.8×0.125 7.6×5.3+3.7×7.6 6.6÷(0.68+0.42)
54.脱式计算.
10-9.2+5.5 19.22+5.8-12.78
55.用你喜欢的方法计算。
23.7+9.9+8.1 142+25×(40-4) 9.6-0.75-0.25 8.9+4.7+2.1+5.3
56.简便计算。
(1)12.5×32×2.5
(2)0.88×101
57.计算下面各题,能简算的要简算.
9.8×4.3 1.25×0.32×0.25
3.4÷12.5÷0.8 28.4×99+28.4
参考答案:
1.19;5.79;
5.45;81.3;
7.676;2.94
【分析】根据加法交换、结合律进行简算;
根据减法的性质进行简算;
先计算乘法再算除法,最后算加法;
根据乘法分配律进行简算;
原式化为7.6×(1+0.01),再根据乘法分配律进行简算;
先算小括号里面的减法,再算中括号里面的加法,最后算乘法。
【详解】7.9+4.32+2.1+4.68
=(7.9+2.1)+(4.32+4.68)
=10+9
=19
18.67—(8.67+4.21)
=18.67—8.67-4.21
=10-4.21
=5.79
4.7+1.25×4.8÷8
=4.7+6÷8
=4.7+0.75
=5.45
8.13×14-4×8.13
=8.13×(14-4)
=8.13×10
=81.3
7.6×1.01
=7.6×(1+0.01)
=7.6×1+7.6×0.01
=7.6+0.076
=7.676
0.4×[1.7+(6.8-1.15)]
=0.4×[1.7+5.65]
=0.4×7.35
=2.94
2.4092;0.5;5.1
【详解】试题分析:(1)先算除法,再算加法;
(2)先算小括号里面的乘法,再算小括号里面的减法,最后算括号外的除法;
(3)先算小括号里面的除法,再算小括号里面的减法,最后算括号外的乘法.
解:(1)48048÷12+88
=4004+88
=4092
(2)(1﹣0.8×)÷
=(1﹣0.6)÷
=0.4÷
=0.5
(3)(7.9﹣3.06÷0.68)×1.5
=(7.9﹣4.5)×1.5
=3.4×1.5
=5.1
【点评】本题考查了四则混合运算,计算时先理清楚运算顺序,根据运算顺序逐步求解即可.
3.19;2.83;5.61
【详解】略
4.58;3.8;20;16.4;10;8.1
【详解】5.8×4.5+5.8×5.5
=5.8×(4.5+5.5)
=5.8×10
=58
0.038+9.9×0.38
=0.38×(9.9+0.1)
=0.38×10
=3.8
6.48÷(0.12×2.7)
=6.48÷0.12÷2.7
=54÷2.7
=20
32.8×1.6÷3.2
=52.48÷3.2
=16.4
9.52÷3.4+7.2
=2.8+7.2
=10
0.36×9×2.5
=(0.4×0.9)×9×2.5
=(0.4×2.5)×(0.9×9)
=1×8.1
=8.1
5.3.56;78;182;2.7;1.6
【详解】7.56-1.34—2.66
=7.56-(1.34+2.66)
=7.56-4
=3.56
9.36÷1.2×9.9+0.78
= 7.8×9.9+7.8×0.1
=7.8×(9.9+0.1)
=78
81.9÷(0.9×0.5)
=81.9÷0.9÷0.5
=91×2
=182
(2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7)×0.25
=2.7×(4×0.25)
=2.7×1
=2.7
2.8÷[0.5×(45.5-29.5)]
=12.8÷[0.5×16]
=12.8÷8
=1.6
6.10.11;3;3.5
【分析】(1)根据加法交换律简算;
(2)根据乘法分配律简算;
(3)先算小括号里的减法,再算中括号里的乘法,最后算中括号外的除法。
【详解】(1)5.33+1.11+3.67
=5.33+3.67+1.11
=9+1.11
=10.11
(2)0.75×7.5-0.75×3.5
=0.75×(7.5-3.5)
=0.75×4
=3
(3)[5×(2-1.916)]÷0.12
=[5×0.084]÷0.12
=0.42÷0.12
=3.5
7.63.63;0.1;90;25
【详解】解:(1)6.3×10.1
=6.3×(10+0.1)
=6.3×10+6.3×0.1
=63+0.63
=63.63
(2)0.25×0.8×4×0.125
=(0.25×4)×(0.8×0.125)
=1×0.1
=0.1
(3)0.75×18÷0.15
=13.5÷0.15
=90
(4)2.5×3.7+6.3×2.5
=2.5×(3.7+6.3)
=2.5×10
=25
【点评】考查学生对四则运算法则以及运算定律的掌握情况。
8.1.455 10 2 100 35.7 83.16 6 32 10
【详解】略
9.60;138.6
2.45;0.9
【分析】(1)把48分解成6×8,再运用乘法结合律简算;
(2)把99改写成100-1,再运用乘法分配律简算;
(3)先算减法,再算除法,最后算乘法;
(4)运用“去括号”的方法和乘法交换律简算。
【详解】48×1.25
=6×(8×1.25)
=6×10
=60
99×1.4
=(100-1)×1.4
=100×1.4-1×1.4
=140-1.4
=138.6
7.7÷(14.2-3.2)×3.5
=7.7÷11×3.5
=0.7×3.5
=2.45
0.25×(0.9×4)
=0.25×0.9×4
=0.25×4×0.9
=1×0.9
=0.9
10.20.83 14.56 2.1 55.65 22.88 3 8.4 1 560 17
【详解】略
11.(1)6.8;(2)87
【详解】(1)6.8×0.56+0.44×6.8
=6.8×(0.56+0.44)
=6.8×1
=6.8
(2)8.7÷0.2÷0.5
=8.7÷(0.2×0.5)
=8.7÷0.1
=87
12.15.43;5.42;37.5
14.5;84.15;64
【分析】利用加法交换律,交换后两个加数的位置;
利用减法的性质,写成连续减去两个数的形式;
先算加法,把12写成4×3的形式再计算;
先算小括号的除法,再算减法,最后算括号外的除法,
把9.9写成(10-0.1)利用乘法分配律计算;
先算除法,再算加法。
【详解】
=3.32+6.68+5.43
=10+5.43
=15.43
=15.26-6.26-3.58
=9-3.58
=5.42
=0.25×12×12.5
=0.25×4×3×12.5
=3×12.5
=37.5
=(37-0.75)÷2.5
=36.25÷2.5
=14.5
=(10-0.1)×8.5
=10×8.5-0.1×8.5
=85-0.85
=84.15
=24+40
=64
13.53.6;56.86;
26.8;3.52;
0.6;0;
10.4;0.17
【分析】(1)运用“带符号搬家”和减法的性质简算;
(2)(3)根据减法的性质简算;
(4)根据“去括号”的方法去掉括号,再从左往右依次计算;
(5)根据“去括号”的方法去掉括号,再运用“带符号搬家”的方法简算;
(6)运用“带符号搬家”和减法的性质简算;
(7)运用加法交换律简算;
(8)根据减法的性质简算。
【详解】73.8-1.64-13.2-5.36
=(73.8-13.2)-(1.64+5.36)
=60.6-7
=53.6
66.86-8.66-1.34
=66.86-(8.66+1.34)
=66.86-10
=56.86
36.8-3.9-6.1
=36.8-(3.9+6.1)
=36.8-10
=26.8
13.75-(3.75+6.48)
=13.75-3.75-6.48
=10-6.48
=3.52
5.48-(5.4-0.52)
=5.48-5.4+0.52
=5.48+0.52-5.4
=6-5.4
=0.6
3.9-4.1+6.1-5.9
=(3.9+6.1)-(4.1+5.9)
=10-10
=0
4.02+5.4+0.98
=4.02+0.98+5.4
=5+5.4
=10.4
5.17-1.8-3.2
=5.17-(1.8+3.2)
=5.17-5
=0.17
14.734.58
【分析】根据7.42×99的特点,把99换成100-1,原式化为:7.42×(100-1),在根据乘法分配律,原式化为:7042×100-7042×1,再进行计算即可。
【详解】7.42×99
=7.42×(100-1)
=7.45×100-7.42×1
=742-7.42
=734.58
15.22.89;15.94
【分析】(1)根据加法结合律简算。
(2)根据加法交换律、减法的性质简算。
【详解】12.89+6.16+3.84
=12.89+(6.16+3.84)
=12.89+10
=22.89
23.79-(4.06+3.79)
=23.79-(3.79+4.06)
=23.79-3.79-4.06
=20-4.06
=15.94
16.16.48 3.36 67.9 19
【详解】略
17.75;5700;15.64
4590;3900;780
【分析】(1)利用减法的性质进行简算;
(2)利用乘法分配律进行简算;
(3)先将13.64和1.42交换位置,然后再进行计算;
(4)将102分解成100+2,然后利用乘法分配律进行计算;
(5)利用乘法交换律交换39和4的位置,然后再进行计算;
(6)利用小数乘法的分配律进行计算。
【详解】275-169-31
=275-(169+31)
=275-200
=75
57×99+57
=57×(99+1)
=57×100
=5700
0.58+13.64+1.42
=0.58+1.42+13.64
=2+13.64
=15.64
45×102
=45×(100+2)
=45×100+45×2
=4500+90
=4590
25×39×4
=25×4×39
=100×39
=3900
48×7.8+52×7.8
=(48+52)×7.8
=100×7.8
=780
18.100 959.5
42 7.3892
10.2 4620
【解析】略
19.2.85 285 2 1.2
【详解】略
20.7.3892;60;80;1.9
【分析】0.87×3.16+4.64按照运算顺序先算乘法,再算加法;
12.5×4.8把4.8写成8×0.6的形式,再运用乘法结合律进行计算;
100-2.7÷0.36-2.5×5按照运算顺序先算除法,再算乘法,最后运用减法的性质进行计算;
0.46×1.9+0.54×1.9运用乘法分配律进行计算。
【详解】0.87×3.16+4.64
=2.7492+4.64
=7.3892
12.5×4.8
=12.5×(8×0.6)
=12.5×8×0.6
=100×0.6
=60
100-2.7÷0.36-2.5×5
=100-7.5-12.5
=100-(7.5+12.5)
=100-20
=80
0.46×1.9+0.54×1.9
=(0.46+0.54)×1.9
=1×1.9
=1.9
21.①3.9 ②63.4 ③2.4 ④30.3
【分析】①根据乘法交换律和结合律进行简算;②根据除法性质进行简算;③根据乘法分配律进行简算;④把202改成200+2.然后根据乘法分配律进行简算.
【详解】①1.25×3.9×0.8
=1.25×0.8×3.9
=1×3.9
=3.9
②63.4÷2.5÷0.4
=63.4÷(2.5×0.4)
=63.4÷1
=63.4
③0.8×6.8﹣0.8×3.8
=0.8×(6.8﹣3.8)
=0.8×3
=2.4
④202×0.15
=(200+2)×0.15
=200×0.15+2×0.15
=30+0.3
=30.3
22.21;96
【分析】根据乘法分配律进行简算。
【详解】2.5×(0.4+8)
=2.5×0.4+2.5×8
=1+20
=21
9.6×11-9.6
=9.6×(11-1)
=9.6×10
=96
23.40;22.6;10.2
【分析】根据加法交换、结合律进行简算;
根据加法结合律进行简算;
根据减法的性质进行简算。
【详解】
=(25.4+23.2)-8.6
=48.6-8.6
=40
=20.6+(9.8-7.8)
=20.6+2
=22.6
=16.2-(3.75+2.25)
=16.2-6
=10.2
24.6.72;7.8;87.97
89;12
【分析】3.2×1.5+4.8÷2.5,根据运算法则,先计算乘除法,再计算加法;
1.25×0.78×8,根据乘法交换律,原式化为:1.25×8×0.78,再进行计算;
97.97-3.36-6.64,根据减法性质,原式化为:97.97-(3.36+6.64),再进行计算;
0.89×99+0.89,根据乘法分配律,原式化为:0.89×(99+1),再进行计算;
6.48÷[(1.4-0.8)×0.9],先计算小括号里的减法,再计算中括号里的乘法,最后计算除法。
【详解】3.2×1.5+4.8÷2.5
=4.8+1.92
=6.72
1.25×0.78×8
=1.25×8×0.78
=10×0.78
=7.8
97.97-3.36-6.64
=97.97-(3.36+6.64)
=97.97-10
=87.97
0.89×99+0.89
=0.89×(99+1)
=0.89×100
=89
6.48÷[(1.4-0.8)×0.9]
=6.48÷[0.6×0.9]
=6.48÷0.54
=12
25.(1)1.5×105
=1.5×(100+5),
=1.5×100+1.5×5,
=150+7.5,
=157.5;
(2)2.33×0.5×4
=2.33×(0.5×4),
=2.33×2,
=4.66;
(3)24.6+18.7+15.4
=(24.6+15.4)+18.7,
=40+18.7,
=58.7;
(4)1.2×2.5+0.8×2.5
=(1.2+0.8)×2.5,
=2×2.5,
=5.
【详解】试题分析:(1)把105拆成100+5,再根据乘法分配律进行简算即可;
(2)把0.5×4进行结合,由乘法结合律进行简算即可;
(3)把18.7与15.4的位置进行交换,再把24.6与15.4进行结合,进行简算即可;
(3)根据乘法分配律进行简算即可.
解:(1)1.5×105
=1.5×(100+5),
=1.5×100+1.5×5,
=150+7.5,
=157.5;
(2)2.33×0.5×4
=2.33×(0.5×4),
=2.33×2,
=4.66;
(3)24.6+18.7+15.4
=(24.6+15.4)+18.7,
=40+18.7,
=58.7;
(4)1.2×2.5+0.8×2.5
=(1.2+0.8)×2.5,
=2×2.5,
=5.
【点评】根据题目给出的数据,找准所要使用的运算定律进行简算即可.
26.9;56;1.99
7;687
【分析】(1)先把36分解成4×9,再运用乘法结合律简算;
(2)运用乘法分配律简算;
(3)先计算减法,再根据除法的性质简算;
(4)运用“带符号搬家”的方法,把原式改写为4.72+5.28-0.95-2.05,再根据减法的性质简算;
(5)根据小数四则混合运算的顺序,先算减法,再算除法,最后算乘法。
【详解】0.25×36
=0.25×(4×9)
=0.25×4×9
=1×9
=9
0.56×99+0.56
=0.56×(99+1)
=0.56×100
=56
(31.6-11.7)÷2.5÷4
=19.9÷(2.5×4)
=19.9÷10
=1.99
4.72-0.95+5.28-2.05
=4.72+5.28-0.95-2.05
=(4.72+5.28)-(0.95+2.05)
=10-3
=7
6.87×[40÷(3.49-3.09)]
=6.87×[40÷0.4]
=6.87×100
=687
27.1.2
【详解】解:3.6÷1.5÷2
=3.6÷(1.5×2)
=3.6÷3
=1.2
28.(1)解:4.65﹣1.55﹣1.45, =4.65﹣(1.55+1.45),
=4.65﹣3,
=1.65
(2)解:58.1﹣29.7÷3, =58.1﹣9.9,
=58.1﹣(10﹣0.1),
=58.1﹣10+0.1,
=48.2
(3)解:201×3.5﹣3.5, =(201﹣1)×3.5,
=200×3.5,
=700
(4)解:2.2×0.25+0.25×1.8, =(2.2+1.8)×0.25,
=4×0.25,
=1
【详解】(1)运用减法的性质简算;(2)先算出发,再算剑法;(3)(4)运用乘法分配律简算.
29.34.4;11;2.5
【详解】3.52×8.6+8.6×0.48 1.25×8.8
=(3.52+0.48)×8.6 =1.25×(8+0.8)
=4×8.6 =1.25×8+1.25×0.8
=34.4 =11
7.3÷4+2.7×0.25
=1.825+0.675
=2.5
30.2.5×1.02 9.43×101-9.43
= 2.5×1+2.5×0.02 = 9.43×(101-1)
= 2.5+0.05 = 9.43×100
= 2.55 = 943
12.5×6.4×0.25
= (12.5×8)×(4×0.25)×0.2
= 100×1×0.2
= 20
2.76×37+63×2.76
= 2.76×(37+63)
=2.76×100
=276
27.8-(7.8+2.3)
=27.8-7.8-2.3
=20-2.3
=17.7
【详解】略
31.1.2;35
5.1;10
【分析】(1)先算小括号里面的加法,再算中括号里面的乘法,最后算括号外面的除法;
(2)根据乘法分配律进行简算;
(3)先算小括号里面的除法,再根据减法的性质进行简算;
(4)根据乘法交换律和结合律进行简算。
【详解】(1)0.648÷[(0.4+0.5)×0.6]
=0.648÷[0.9×0.6]
=0.648÷0.54
=1.2
(2)3.72×7.5+6.28×3.5
=(3.72+6.28)×3.5
=10×3.5
=35
(3)10.95-(15.6÷8+3.9)
=10.95-(1.95+3.9)
=10.95-1.95-3.9
=9-3.9
=5.1
(4)2.5×0.32×12.5
=2.5×(4×0.08)×12.5
=(2.5×4)×(0.08×12.5)
=10×1
=10
32.330;99;1000
【详解】试题分析:①根据乘法分配律进行计算;
②根据加法交换律和结合律以及减法性质进行计算;
③把32写成4×8,再根据乘法结合律计算.
解:①28.7×3.3+3.3×71.3
=3.3×(28.7+71.3)
=3.3×100
=330
②217.2﹣25.6﹣75.4﹣17.2
=(217.2﹣17.2)﹣(25.6+75.4)
=200﹣101
=99
③25×32×1.25
=25×(4×8)×1.25
=(25×4)×(8×1.25)
=100×10
=1000
【点评】完成本题要注意分析式中数据,运用合适的简便方法计算.
33.1.1;1.5;5
【分析】0.44×2.5,把0.44化成0.4+0.04,原式化为:(0.4+0.04)×2.5,再根据乘法分配律,原式化为:0.4×2.5+0.04×2.5,再进行计算;
2.25×0.4+0.6,按照运算顺序,先计算乘法,再计算加法;
31.04÷3.2-4.7,按照原式顺序,先计算除法,再计算减法。
【详解】0.44×2.5
=(0.4+0.04)×2.5
=0.4×2.5+0.04×2.5
=1+0.1
=1.1
2.25×0.4+0.6
=0.9+0.6
=1.5
31.04÷3.2-4.7
=9.7-4.7
=5
34.3.79;16.3;63;0.6
【分析】第1题,应用加法交换律进行凑整;
第2题,应用乘法结合律进行凑整;
第3题,应用乘法分配律进行简便计算;
第4题,连续除以两个数,等于除以这两个数的积。
【详解】
35.9;67.8;
0.9;39;
67.32;390
【分析】3.4-0.58+6.6-0.42,根据带符号搬家和减法的性质,将算式变为(3.4+6.6)-(0.58+0.42)进行简算即可;
6.78×[9÷(5.97-5.07)],先计算小括号里面的减法,再计算中括号里面的除法,最后计算中括号外面的乘法;
(2.5+2.9)÷4÷1.5,先计算括号里面的加法,再根据除法的性质,将算式变为5.4÷(4×1.5)进行简算即可;
6.8×3.9+3.9×3.2,根据乘法分配律,将算式变为(6.8+3.2)×3.9进行简算即可;
6.8×9.9,先把9.9变为10-0.1,然后根据乘法分配律,将算式变为6.8×10-6.8×0.1进行简算即可;
6.8×39+3.9×32,先根据积不变性质,将算式变为6.8×39+39×3.2,然后根据乘法分配律,将算式变为(6.8+3.2)×39进行简算即可。
【详解】3.4-0.58+6.6-0.42
=3.4+6.6-0.58-0.42
=(3.4+6.6)-(0.58+0.42)
=10-1
=9
6.78×[9÷(5.97-5.07)]
=6.78×[9÷0.9]
=6.78×10
=67.8
(2.5+2.9)÷4÷1.5
=5.4÷4÷1.5
=5.4÷(4×1.5)
=5.4÷6
=0.9
6.8×3.9+3.9×3.2
=(6.8+3.2)×3.9
=10×3.9
=39
6.8×9.9
=6.8×(10-0.1)
=6.8×10-6.8×0.1
=68-0.68
=67.32
6.8×39+3.9×32
=6.8×39+39×3.2
=(6.8+3.2)×39
=10×39
=390
36.15.73;3570;1.1
1.8;48
【分析】3.42+5.73+6.58,根据加法交换律,原式化为:3.42+6.58+5.73,再进行计算;
35.7×101-35.7,根据乘法分配律,原式化为:35.7×(101-1),再进行计算;
4.4×0.25,把4.4化成4+0.4,原式化为:(4+0.4)×0.25,再根据乘法分配律,原式化为:4×0.25+0.4×0.25,再进行计算;
7.68-(4.68+1.2),根据减法性质,原式化为:7.68-4.68-1.2,再进行计算;
2.4×[(1.3+2.7)÷0.2],先计算小括号里的加法,再计算中括号里的除法,最后计算括号外的乘法,
【详解】3.42+5.73+6.58
=3.42+6.58+5.73
=10+5.73
=15.73
35.7×101-35.7
=35.7×(101-1)
=35.7×100
=3570
4.4×0.25
=(4+0.4)×0.25
=4×0.25+0.4×0.25
=1+0.1
=1.1
7.68-(4.68+1.2)
=7.68-4.68-1.2
=3-1.2
=1.8
2.4×[(1.3+2.7)÷0.2]
=2.4×[4÷0.2]
=2.4×20
=48
37.650;4.75;
5.79;100
【分析】原式化为:6.5×99+6.5×1,再根据乘法分配律进行简算;
先算小括号里面的减法,再根据除法的性质进行简算;
根据减法的性质进行简算;
原式化为:25×1.25×4×0.8,再根据乘法交换、结合律进行简算。
【详解】
=6.5×99+6.5×1
=6.5×(99+1)
=6.5×100
=650
=4.75÷(2.5×0.4)
=4.75÷1
=4.75
=18.67-8.67-4.21
=10-4.21
=5.79
=25×1.25×4×0.8
=(25×4)×(1.25×0.8)
=100×1
=100
38.(1)10.63(2)3.1(3)16
【详解】(1)4.45+0.63+5.55
=4.45+5.55+0.63
=10+0.63
=10.63
(2) 6.58-(2.58+0.9)
=6.58-2.58-0.9
=4-0.9
=3.1
(3)7.23+6.84-0.84+2.77
=(7.23+2.77)+(6.84-0.84)
=10+6
=16
39.33.7;1374
5;340
【分析】(1)运用乘法交换律简算;
(2)按照小数四则混合运算的顺序,先算减法,再算除法,最后算乘法;
(3)运用“带着符号搬家”的方法,原式=4.57+2.43-1.4-0.6,再根据减法的性质简算;
(4)先计算除法的商得3.4,再运用乘法分配律简算。
【详解】0.8×3.37×12.5
=0.8×12.5×3.37
=10×3.37
=33.7
6.87×[80÷(3.49-3.09)]
=6.87×[80÷0.4]
=6.87×200
=1374
4.57-1.4+2.43-0.6
=4.57+2.43-1.4-0.6
=(4.57+2.43)-(1.4+0.6)
=7-2
=5
8.5÷2.5×101-3.4
=3.4×101-3.4
=3.4×(101-1)
=3.4×100
=340
40.1.74;7;2.8
【分析】2.3-1.45+0.89,按照运算顺序,先计算减法,再计算减法;
1.34+1.8+3.66+0.2,根据加法交换律,原式化为:1.34+3.66+1.8+0.2,再根据加法结合律,原式化为:(1.34+3.66)+(1.8+0.2),再进行计算;
12.8-4.9-5.1,根据减法性质,原式化为:12.8-(4.9+5.1),再进行计算。
【详解】2.3-1.45+0.89
=0.85+0.89
=1.74
1.34+1.8+3.66+0.2
=1.34+3.66+1.8+0.2
=(1.34+3.66)+(1.8+0.2)
=5+2
=7
12.8-4.9-5.1
=12.8-(4.9+5.1)
=12.8-10
=2.8
41.0.73;2.37;7.6;
6.78;96;12;
9;8.6;2.448;
4;1.5;4.52
【分析】0.73×0.25×4根据乘法结合律简算;
0.37+1.37+0.63根据加法交换律简算;
7.6×0.8+0.2×7.6根据乘法分配律简算;
5.78+0.84+0.16根据加法结合律简算;
12.5×0.96×8根据乘法交换律简算;
1.27+3.9+0.73+6.1根据加法交换律和加法结合律简算;
0.25×36把36分成4和9,根据乘法结合律简算;
1.28×8.6-0.28×8.6根据乘法分配律简算;
2.4×1.02把1.02分成1与0.02的和,再根据乘法分配律简算;
9-4.37-0.63根据减法的性质简算;
0.45÷0.6÷0.5根据除法的性质简算;
5.52-0.55-0.45根据减法的性质简算。
【详解】0.73×0.25×4
=0.73×(0.25×4)
=0.73×1
=0.73
0.37+1.37+0.63
= 0.37+0.63+1.37
=1+1.37
=2.37
7.6×0.8+0.2×7.6
=7.6×(0.8+0.2)
=7.6×1
=7.6
5.78+0.84+0.16
=5.78+(0.84+0.16)
=5.78+1
=6.78
12.5×0.96×8
=12.5×8×0.96
=100×0.96
=96
1.27+3.9+0.73+6.1
= (1.27+0.73)+(3.9+6.1)
=2+10
=12
0.25×36
=0.25×(4×9)
=0.25×4×9
=1×9
=9
1.28×8.6-0.28×8.6
=(1.28-0.28)×8.6
=1×8.6
=8.6
2.4×1.02
= 2.4×(1+0.02)
=2.4×1+2.4×0.02
=2.4+0.048
=2.448
9-4.37-0.63
=9-(4.37+0.63)
=9-5
=4
0.45÷0.6÷0.5
= 0.45÷(0.6×0.5)
=0.45÷0.3
=1.5
5.52-0.55-0.45
=5.52-(0.55+0.45)
=5.52-1
=4.52
42.(1)6.8×102
=6.8×(100+2)
=6.8×100+6.8×2
=680+13.6
=693.6
(2)30.94﹣5.09﹣4.91
=30.94﹣(5.09+4.91)
=30.94﹣10
=20.94
(3)5.4×2.3+5.4×7.7
=5.4×(2.3+7.7)
=5.4×10
=54
(4)3.2×12.5×0.25
=(4×0.8)×12.5×0.25
=(4×0.25)×(0.8×12.5)
=1×10
=10
【详解】解:(1)6.8×102
=6.8×(100+2)
=6.8×100+6.8×2
=680+13.6
=693.6
(2)30.94﹣5.09﹣4.91
=30.94﹣(5.09+4.91)
=30.94﹣10
=20.94
(3)5.4×2.3+5.4×7.7
=5.4×(2.3+7.7)
=5.4×10
=54
(4)3.2×12.5×0.25
=(4×0.8)×12.5×0.25
=(4×0.25)×(0.8×12.5)
=1×10
=10
【点评】考查学生对四则运算法则以及运算定律与运算性质的掌握情况.
43.2.37;20;
59.5;110
【分析】利用减法的性质,连续减去两个数等于减去这两个数的和;
先算小括号的减法,再算中括号的乘法,最后算括号外的除法;
利用乘法分配律计算;
利用乘法分配律计算。
【详解】12.37-4.69-5.31
=12.37-(4.69+5.31)
=12.37-10
=2.37;
96÷[4×(1.34-0.14)]
=96÷[4×1.2]
=96÷4.8
=20;
5.95×9+5.95
=5.95×(9+1)
=5.95×10
=59.5;
8×(12.5+1.25)
=8×12.5+8×1.25
=100+10
=110
44.(1)9.5×1.06﹣2.52÷2.4
=10.07﹣1.05
=9.02
(2)6.25÷1.25÷0.8
=6.25÷(1.25×0.8)
=6.25÷1
=6.25
(3)101×0.45
=(100+1)×0.45
=100×0.45+0.45
=45+0.45
=45.45
(4)1.2×2.5+0.8×2.5
=(1.2+0.8)×2.5
=2×2.5
=5
(5)0.8×2.5×0.4×12.5
=(0.8×12.5)×(2.5×0.4)
=10×1
=10
(6)4.75×99+4.75
=4.75×(99+1)
=4.75×100
=475
【详解】试题分析:(1)先算乘除法,再算减法;
(2)根据除法的性质简便计算;
(3)(4)(6)根据乘法分配律简便计算;
(5)根据乘法交换律和结合律简便计算.
解:(1)9.5×1.06﹣2.52÷2.4
=10.07﹣1.05
=9.02
(2)6.25÷1.25÷0.8
=6.25÷(1.25×0.8)
=6.25÷1
=6.25
(3)101×0.45
=(100+1)×0.45
=100×0.45+0.45
=45+0.45
=45.45
(4)1.2×2.5+0.8×2.5
=(1.2+0.8)×2.5
=2×2.5
=5
(5)0.8×2.5×0.4×12.5
=(0.8×12.5)×(2.5×0.4)
=10×1
=10
(6)4.75×99+4.75
=4.75×(99+1)
=4.75×100
=475
【点评】考查了运算定律与简便运算,四则混合运算.注意运算顺序和运算法则,灵活运用所学的运算定律简便计算.
45.23.9;4.8;88.4
【分析】先算除法,再算加法;
根据乘法交换、结合律进行简算;
先算小括号里面的加法,再算中括号里面的除法,最后算括号外面的乘法。
【详解】6.27÷0.3+3
=20.9+3
=23.9
12.5×0.48×0.8
=(12.5×0.8)×0.48
=10×0.48
=4.8
5.2×[(1.3+2.1)÷0.2]
=5.2×[3.4÷0.2]
=5.2×17
=88.4
46.10.76;20;33.02
【详解】解:(1)4.35+0.76+5.65
=4.35+5.65+0.76
=10+0.76
=10.76
(2)3.92+2.37+6.08+7.63
=(3.92+6.08)+(2.37+7.63)
=10+10
=20
(3)34.5-(6.98-5.5)
=34.5-6.98+5.5
=34.5+5.5-6.98
=40-6.98
=33.02
47.0.156;329;
45.6;7.6
【分析】根据乘法分配律对各算式进行简算即可。
【详解】15.6×1.01-15.6
=15.6×(1.01-1)
=15.6×0.01
=0.156
3.29+32.9×9.9
=3.29×(1+99)
=3.29×100
=329
4.56×12.4-4.56×3.4+4.56
=4.56×(12.4-3.4+1)
=4.56×10
=45.6
(2.5-0.125)×4×0.8
=2.5×4×0.8-0.125×4×0.8
=8-0.4
=7.6
48.8;16.2;
70.9;2.8
【分析】通过观察可以交换加数与减数的位置进行凑整简算;
运用乘法交换律,交换16.2与4的位置后,即可通过0.25×4凑整简算;
运用乘法分配律即可简算;
没有简算方法,先算小括号里面,再算中括号,最后算括号外面的。
【详解】7.9+0.46-0.9+0.54
=7.9-0.9+0.46+0.54
=(7.9-0.9)+(0.46+0.54)
=7+1
=8
0.25×16.2×4
=0.25×4×16.2
=1×16.2
=16.2
7.09×10.8-0.8×7.09
=7.09×(10.8-0.8)
=7.09×10
=70.9
[0.5+(2-0.75)]×1.6
=[0.5+1.25]×1.6
=1.75×1.6
=2.8
49.26.73;28;20;
1;3.36
【分析】将9.9×2.7写成(10-0.1)×2.7的形式,再利用乘法分配律简算;
利用乘法分配律简算;
将0.125×2.5×64写成0.125×2.5×(8×8)的形式,再利用乘法结合律简算;
利用减法的运算性质简算;
先算括号里的除法,再算括号里的减法,最后算括号外的乘法。
【详解】9.9×2.7
=(10-0.1)×2.7
=10×2.7-0.1×2.7
=27-0.27
=26.73
7.4×2.8+2.8×2.6
=2.8×(7.4+2.6)
=2.8×10
=28
0.125×2.5×64
=0.125×2.5×(8×8)
=(0.125×8)×(2.5×8)
=1×20
=20
5.2—3.7+4.8—5.3
=5.2+4.8-(3.7+5.3)
=10-9
=1
(3.8—6.5÷2.5)×2.8
=(3.8-2.6)×2.8
=1.2×2.8
=3.36
50.0.8×(12.5-1.25)
=0.8×12.5-0.8×1.25
=10-1
=9
4.27×0.74+0.26×4.27
=4.27×(0.74+0.26)
=4.27×1
=4.27
12.5×32×2.5
=(12.5×8)×(4×2.5)
=100×10
=1000
5.4×99+5.4
=5.4×(99+1)
=5.4×100
=540
【详解】略
51.(1)12.2;(2)1032
【分析】(1)按照从左向右的顺序进行计算;
(2)根据乘法分配律进行计算。
【详解】(1)13-5.4+5.6
=7.6+4.6
=12.2
(2)132+25×(40-4)
=132+(25×40-25×4)
=132+(1000-100)
=132+900
=1032
52.100;370
21.2;32.98
【解析】略
53.150;3;4.12;1.1;68.4;6.
【详解】试题分析:①、⑤运用乘法分配律的逆运算简算;
②、③、⑥按运算顺序进行计算;
④把8.8拆成8+0.8,与0.125进行简算.
解:①24.1×1.5+7.59×15,
=2.41×15+7.59×15,
=(2.41+7.59)×15,
=10×15,
=150;
②(3.7+17×0.4)÷3.5,
=(3.7+6.8)÷3.5,
=10.5÷3.5,
=3;
③75.36÷12﹣4.32×0.5,
=6.28﹣2.16,
=4.12;
④8.8×0.125,
=(8+0.8)×0.125,
=8×0.125+0.8×0.125,
=1+0.1,
=1.1;
⑤7.6×5.3+3.7×7.6,
=(5.3+3.7)×7.6,
=9×7.6,
=68.4;
⑥6.6÷(0.68+0.42),
=6.6÷1.1,
=6.
【点评】此题考查学生的运算顺序,以及灵活运用运算定律进行简算的能力.
54.6.3 12.24
【详解】解: 10-9.2+5.5
=0.8+5.5
=6.3
19.22+5.8-12.78
=25.02-12.78
=12.24
故答案为6.3 12.24
55.41.7;1042;8.6;21
【分析】23.7+9.9+8.1根据加法结合律,即原式变为23.7+(9.9+8.1),之后先算括号里的,再算括号外的;
142+25×(40-4)根据乘法分配律,即可简便运算;
9.6-0.75-0.25根据减法的性质,即原式变为:9.6-(0.75+0.25)先算括号里的,再算括号外的即可;
8.9+4.7+2.1+5.3根据加法交换律和加法结合律,即原式变为:(8.9+2.1)+(4.7+5.3)先算括号里的,再算括号外的即可。
【详解】23.7+9.9+8.1
=23.7+(9.9+8.1)
=23.7+18
=41.7
142+25×(40-4)
=142+25×40-25×4
=142+1000-100
=1142-100
=1042
9.6-0.75-0.25
=9.6-(0.75+0.25)
=9.6-1
=8.6
8.9+4.7+2.1+5.3
=(8.9+2.1)+(4.7+5.3)
=11+10
=21
56.(1)1000
(2)88.88
【分析】
(1)观察数据可知,先把32分成8×4,然后应用乘法结合律简算;
(2)观察数据可知,先把101分成(100+1),然后应用乘法分配律简算。
【详解】(1)12.5×32×2.5
=(12.5×8)×(4×2.5)
=100×10
=1000
(2)0.88×101
=0.88×(100+1)
=88+0.88
=88.88
57.42.14 0.1 0.34 2840
【详解】略
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