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2023-2024学年辽宁省大连市经开第十高级中学高三（上）期中英语试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2023-2024学年辽宁省大连市经开第十高级中学高三（上）期中英语试卷（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Marvelus Scenic Walks Near Lndn
There are plenty f walking rutes in Lndn.If yu fancy smething a bit mre rural，then the green and pleasant land has plenty t ffer.
Gring Gap and the Thames Path
If yu're in the md fr a gentle rural walk，the Thames Path is far frm bring.The 5-mile ftpath fllws the curve f the river，winding past wildflwer meadws （草地）.
Pst-walk pub：Pangburne's seventeenth-century pub The Swan serves high-end dishes.Bag a table n the riverside r keep tasty by ne f its pen fires.
Bx Hill
T admire this spts rural views，first yu've gt t jump acrss 17 stepping stnes and climb 272 steps t the tp f Bx Hill，where the path begins.The ttal distance is 6.8 miles.
Pst-walk pub：The cavernus Tree n Bx Hill has an attractive menu and huge beer garden，r sample a glass f Juniper Hill at Denbies Winerie.
A Suth Dwns Ridge （山脊）
If yu've already dne the classic Seven Sisters clifftp walk r can't face all thse hills，this is a lng but lvely alternative.The rute cvering 14.3 miles snakes alng a ridge and a river valley.
Pst-walk pub：There are always 10 real beers at the ld-schl pub The Wellingtn.
Chess Valley in the Chilterns
Chess Valley in the Chiltern Hills isn't hme t any chess masters，but it used t prduce a kind f water plant.This walk f 4.9 miles fllws the river，winding thrugh rlling meadws and wds.
Pst-walk pub：The Gerge & Dragn is a simple ld caching pub n the High Street with a lg fire，real beers and giant burgers.
1.Which f the fllwing walks cvers the shrtest distance？ ______
A. Bx Hill.B. A Suth Dwns Ridge.
C. Chess Valley in the Chilterns.D. Gring Gap and the Thames Path.
2.What d the listed scenic walks in the text have in cmmn？ ______
A. The pubs are pretty and ld-fashined.
B. Visitrs can relax at special pubs after walks.
C. There are rivers winding thrugh the meadws.
D. The fd served there is expensive and f high quality.
3.Where is this text prbably taken frm？ ______
A. A gegraphy bk.B. A travel brchure.
C. A fashin website.D. A science magazine.
B
"Keep a sharp lkut，"Miller tld Olden，a strng German dg，glancing tward the back seat.In the pr light，Miller culd just make u the badge （徽章） shining smartly frm his partner's cllar.Suddenly the car's headlights lit up a figure breaking the lck n the building，Miller shuted the rder G!In a flash，Olden jumped thrugh the car's pen windw and bit the suspect n the leg.
Over the next few mnths，Miller kept his relatinship with Olden strictly prfessinal.The dg was kept utside，regardless f the weather and the time.Smetimes during strms，Olden wuld stick his nse ut f his dghuse and bark at the back dr.Miller pretended nt t hear.T test Olden's discipline，he'd give him the rder Stay" and then he'd leave.When he returned，Olden was still glued t the spt where he had left him.At that mment Miller wanted t give Olden a hug，but instead quietly said， "Gd by."
One afternn，just after Miller and Olden began their shift，an urgent call came.As Miller rushed t the spt，the suspect Steve 's car sped away.Miller ran after Steve at a full speed.Finally Steve abandned his car in a side street.Miller jumped ut f his car and raced int it t.Turning a crner，he fund a gun pinting right at his chest.Hе braced fr the jlt when Steve was abut t fire the gun.But suddenly a thundering bark rang ut and Olden burst arund the crner，tearing straight fr Steve.The gunman fired and fled.It tk a mment fr Miller t react.Dctr tld Miller the bullet，meant fr him，missed Olden's heart by an inch.Frtunately，his partner survived.After arriving hme，Miller led Olden t his dghuse.Suddenly he stpped and did smething he' d been wanting t d since he saw Olden.Bending dwn，Miller wrapped his arms arund Olden，Then the tw started rlling arund in the sft grass.
4.What was Olden rdered t d in Paragraph 1？ ______
A. Be seated at the back seat.B. Catch the ptential criminal.
C. Break the lck n the building.D. Find ut his partner's badge.
5.Which f the fllwing best describes Miller as Olden's trainer？ ______
A. Kind and mderate.B. Quiet and caring.
C. Strict and prfessinal.D. Smart and flexible.
6.What d the underlined wrds "braced fr the jlt" mean in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Turned ff the engine.B. Caught Steve's attentin.
C. Made a narrw escape.D. Prepared fr the wrst result.
7.Which can be a suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. A Plice DgB. A Tugh TaskC. A Perfect MatchD. A Dg Trainer
C
Rescarchers in the US treated healthy mice with a frm f gene therapy that refreshed lder cells，making the animals mre yuthful accrding t bilgical markers that are used t measure the effects f ageing.Repeating the trick in humans is far frm straightfrward，but the findings will fuel interest in new the rapiesthat aim t slw r reverse the ageing prcess as a means f tackling age-related diseases such as cancers and Alzheimer's.
The scientists drew n previus wrk by the Japanese Nbel winner Prf.Shinya Yamanaka，wh shwed that a mixture f fur mlecules（原子）-knwn as Yamanaka factrs-can turn adult cells int yuthful stem cells that are capable f frming almst any tissue（组织）in the bdy.
Writing in the jurnal Nature Aging，the US team led by Jasper and Prf Juan Carls Izpisua Belmnte at the Salk Institute in Califrnia and the San Dieg Alts Institute，fund that mice wh received Yamanaka factrs fr several mnths were similar t yunger animals in many ways，with their skin in particular shwing signs f rejuvenatin（恢复青春）.
The experiments shwed that rejuvenatin was mre effective when the therapy was given fr a lng time-7 t 10 mnths-starting when the animals were 12 t 15 mnths ld，equal t age 35 t 50 in humans.Whén lder animals，equal t 80 years ld in human terms，were treated fr ne mnth，the scientists saw little impact.
Rather than using Yamanaka factrs t rejuvenate aged humans，many scientists suspect that new drugs will be needed t partially reprgram cells safely and effectively. "In thery，bilgical age reversal r reductin culd be pssible.Hwever，we are at very early stages where we need t understand the basic science behind it much better，"said Dr.Tamir Chandra，an expert in the bilgy f ageing at the University f Edinburgh.
8.Which f the fllwing best describes the findings f the research？ ______
A. Suspicius.B. Tricky.C. Amusing.D. Inspiring.
9.What can we say abut Yamanaka factrs？ ______
A. They are made up f three mlecules.
B. They can prbably rejuvenate mice's skin.
C. They were first fund by a Japanese scientist.
D. They can becme a part f mice's bdy tissue.
10.What can be inferred frm the findings f the experiments？ ______
A. The therapy given fr a lng time wrks better.
B. Humans may have better utcmes than animals.
C. The rejuvenatin is mre effective fr peple aged 12 t 15.
D. Older animals can live lnger with the help f the treatment.
11.What d Dr.Tamir Chandra's wrds mainly tell us？ ______
A. The researches are far frm cmplete.
B. The prcess f grwing ld cannt be stpped.
C. The basic rule behind rejuvenatin is fully understd.
D. The new drug has been put int use safely and effectively.
D
Away frm the bright lights f the city，if yu lk up at the night sky yu will see an cean f bright stars.But in the illuminated cncrete jungles we humans have built urselves，it's a different stry.
This year，Earth Hur was bserved n March 26.The annual traditin，started by the Wrld Wildlife Fund （WWF） in 2007 in Sydney，Australia，was created t raise awareness fr climate change.Thse celebrating turn ff all their electrical appliances fr ne hur.It als draws attentin t anther serius prblem that the wrld is currently facing — the threat f light pllutin.
Light pllutin happens when t much man-made light harms nature.Scientists have fund that it is especially harmful t ncturnal animals.These creatures rely n the natural light cycle prvided by the mvement f the sun t help crdinate their sleep cycles.When this is disturbed by cnstant bright lights frm man-made structures，it can seriusly disrientate the animals and harm their physical health. "Wildlife species have evlved n this planet with bilgical rhythms — changing that has prfund effects，" said Travis Lngcre，a bigegrapher with the Urban Wildlands Grup in Ls Angeles，US.A lack f darkness at night can als cause difficulties fr animals in ther ways.
Newly hatched （孵化） baby sea turtles rely n the brighter hrizn ver the cean t guide them frm the beach t the sea.Hwever，with artificial lights next t the ceans，the small animals are easily led away frm the right path. "Hatchlings are attracted t lights and crawl inland，r crawl aimlessly dwn the beach，smetimes until dawn，when predatrs r birds get them，" said Michael Salmn，a bilgist at Flrida Atlantic University in Bca Ratn，Flrida.
Artificial light has caused a "drastic change" t the natural envirnment f animals，research scientist Christpher Kyba tld the Internatinal Dark-Sky Assciatin. "Predatrs use light t hunt，and prey （猎物） species use darkness as cver，" Kyba explained.If a predatr has such an extra advantage in hunting its prey，this can lead t an imbalance in the ecsystem as the hunted species are n lnger able t maintain their ppulatin when they becme ver-hunted.
12.Why was Earth Hur created？ ______
A. T raise awareness f air pllutin.
B. T call n peple t get clser t nature.
C. T draw public attentin t envirnmental issues.
D. T recnsider the necessity f electrical devices.
13.Hw des light pllutin affect ncturnal animals？ ______
A. It slws their grwth.
B. It changes their sleep cycles.
C. It lessens their dependence n the sun.
D. It reduces their difficulties caused by darkness.
14.What truble des artificial lighting cause baby sea turtles？ ______
A. It can prevent them frm reaching the cean.
B. It can affect their bilgical rhythms.
C. It makes them lse their way t the beach.
D. It expses them t predatrs in the sea.
15.What is the last paragraph mainly abut？ ______
A. The argument ver artificial lights.
B. Animals that benefit frm artificial lights.
C. The impact f artificial lights n envirnment.
D. The dangers f an imbalance in the ecsystem.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
We all knw abut the health benefits f swimming.It ffers a great wrkut fr the bdy —it builds endurance，muscle strength，and cardivascular （心血管的） fitness. （1） ______ ？Well，many peple are trying，based n evidence that it is gd fr us.
Cld-water swimming invlves swimming in natural areas including pnds，rivers，and the sea. （2） ______ .And research has fund it can have much bigger benefits than that fr yur bdy and mind.Besides being gd exercise，spending time utdrs and in the water imprves wellbeing.
（ 3） ______ .One man wh suffered cnstant pain after surgery claimed he was cured by taking a plunge in cld pen water.And anther swimmer，Sandria Simns，tld the BBC， "the immersin （浸） f yur bdy in cld，salt water，just feeling like yu're at ne with nature if yu like，just feels amazing."
But what are peple gaining frm this chilly experience？Dctrs say getting int cld water causes a stress respnse，but the mre yu d it，yur reactin t stress is reduced.It's als thught t have a strng anti-inflammatry （消炎的） effect. （4） ______ .Sme experts believe cld-water swimming helps "crss-adaptatin"，where ne frm f stress prepares the bdy fr anther.Fr example，it als helps reduce the stress f exercising at high altitudes.
（ 5） ______ ：apprach it with cautin，swim with a friend，and maybe start in the summer，when the water temperatures are higher!
A.A cld swim wakes yu up
B.Want t have a g at pen water swimming
C.It can als be dangerus，s it's imprtant t d it right
D.But wh wuld enjy swimming in water that's ice cld
E.S，if yu're cnvinced that this is fr yu，take this advice
F.But there are bigger benefits t this stress-reducing exercise
G.Evidence suggests that cld-water swimming has cured certain health cnditins
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Misty Cpeland spends mst days twisting，spinning and （1） ______ .She practices and （2） ______ the graceful mvements f her art.When she isn't perfrming she is practicing.When she isn't practicing，she is stretching.She takes classes almst every day.She takes care f her bdy s she desn't （3） ______ it when she ges t wrk in a ballet theatre.
"I treat my bdy with the respect that any musician wuld t their （4） ______ ." says Misty. "I lve my bdy，" she adds.
Was she （5） ______ cnfident？Actually，she was a （6） ______ girl and avided the sptlight.But Misty lved music and mvement.When she was thirteen，Misty's teacher suggested she （7） ______ a free ballet class at the Bys&Girls Club.Fr tw weeks，Misty sat n the gym bench watching the class，afraid t （8） ______ .Finally，she gave it a （9） ______ .At first，she felt （10） ______ in the class.She didn't knw anything abut ballet，and she was （11） ______ than mst f the students.Over time，（ 12） ______ ，she began t enjy the lessns.She discvered that her bdy- especially her lng legs and flexible muscles - was just（13） ______ fr ballet.After the class seasn ended，Misty received a schlarship t a nearby dance studi.Mst ballerinas（女舞者） start their training much yunger than thirteen.But Misty's natural abilities and hard wrk made her imprve quickly.
Over the next five years，ballet was Misty's （14） ______ .She practiced，perfrmed，cmpeted and attended ballet prgrams. "Perfrming was my favurite part because I felt （15） ______ and pen nstage，she says. "Fr the first time in my life，I felt like I belnged."
21.A. wanderingB. leapingC. exercisingD. dancing
22.A. perfectsB. cnquersC. examinesD. describes
23.A. hurtB. injureC. spilD. abuse
24.A. appearanceB. viceC. techniquesD. instruments
25.A. fundB. madeC. brnD. trained
26.A. humbleB. quietC. cautiusD. shy
27.A. attendB. registerC. learnD. watch
28.A. stand upB. catch upC. cut inD. jin in
29.A. restB. chanceC. tryD. thught
30.A. ut f placeB. ut f rderC. ut f mindD. ut f cntrl
31.A. yungerB. lderC. tallerD. shrter
32.A. meanwhileB. hweverC. mreverD. thus
33.A. readyB. gdC. rightD. qualified
34.A. lifeB. majrC. prspectD. stage
35.A. imprvedB. calmC. freeD. secure
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Ht pt，as a traditinal Chinese flk dish， (1) （becme） a favrite dish thrughut China since at least the Han Dynasty， (2) is particularly true during winter mnths.There are different (3) （style） f ht pt with differently flavred thick sup in China，frm spicy ht pt in Sichuan，seafd-based ht pt in Guangdng t muttn ht pt in Hng Kng.N matter what yur (4) （prefer） is，Chinese ht pt has smething t interest yu.
The spicy ht pt featured in Sichuan is prbably the mst famus amng the native Chinese.When (5) （visit） Chngqing，yu will have (6) pprtunity t taste authentic （真正的） Chinese ht pt.Chngqing ht pt is knwn as má là （"numb and spicy"） due (7) the inclusin f Sichuan peppers and is unique in the type s f meat and the types f sauce (8) （use） fr its base.Thugh the flavr f Chinese ht pt varies frm regin t regin，the dining custms are similar.
Ht pt is (9) （typical） served in a metal bwl at the center f the dining table.As the sup in the pt is cked at almst biling pint，the ingredients （原料） (10) （add） int the biling thick sup.The ingredients can vary frm thinly-sliced meat，vegetables，mushrms，ptates，and cabbage，t seafd，fish balls and tfu.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是李华，酷爱自行车旅行。你校交换生Terry打算周末进行环湖自行车旅行，向你征求意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
（1）你的建议；
（2）你的祝愿。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Terry，
__________
Yurs， Li Hua
38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Steve grabbed his bat and glve. "See yu later，Mm.I'm ging t Paul's." He raced ut the dr and slammed it behind him.Summer vacatin just began.The bys planned t play baseball every day s they culd make the freshman team.
Paul was waiting utside fr Steve. "What are yu ding？Where's yur stuff？" Steve lifted his bat nt his shulder when catching sight f Paul.
Paul shk his head unhappily. "I have t clean Mr Thmpsn's garage befre I can g.With his brken arm，he can't d it himself.My mm always vlunteers me t help the Thmpsn's.They're kind f ld."
"OK" said Steve. "I'll help yu.We'll get dne quicker wrking tgether."
The bys went dwn the blck t the Thmpsn's and gt started.They fund a cuple f brms and shvels（铲）.Befre they swept，they put bxes that were strewn（遍布） arund the garage flr n shelves.As Paul put a big bx n a shelf，it fell ff and with it fell an envelpe.He picked it up.It wasn't sealed，s he pened it.There were lts f ne-hundred-dllar bills.
"Yu've gt t see this." He pulled ut a handful f bills and shwed Steve with his eyes lit up. "Where did yu get that？" said Steve.Paul pinted t the shelf. "It just fell dwn when the bx fell.There's gt t be a cuple f thusand bx fell.There's gt t be a cuple f thusand dllars here.If we take sme，I bet n ne will ever knw."
Steve furrwed his brw（皱眉） and shk his head. "Are yu crazy？That's stealing." "Well，I d a lt f chres fr them and dn't get paid.It's nt really stealing；it's a kind f payment fr my hard wrk，" Paul insisted.At that time，Steve was abut t grab the mney frm Paul's hand when they heard a sund.
注意：
（1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1：
"Bys，I baked a chclate cake，" Mrs Thmpsn walked int the garage.
__________
Paragraph 2：
When they were abut t leave，Mrs Thmpsn handed Paul a brand-new bat and glve.
__________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、B、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由此篇文章Gring Gap and the Thames Path部分中的关键句The 5-mile ftpath fllws the curve f the river，winding past wildflwer meadws.（这条5英里长的步道沿着河流的曲线蜿蜒经过野花草地。）可知距离是5英里，Bx Hill部分中的关键句The ttal distance is 6.8 miles.（总距离为6.8英里。）可知是6.8英里，A Suth Dwns ridge部分中的关键句The rute cvering 14.3 miles snakes alng a ridge and a river valley.（这条路线全长14.3英里，蜿蜒于山脊和河谷之间。）可知是14.3英里，Chess Valley in the Chilterns部分中的关键句This walk f 4.9 miles fllws the river…（这条4.9英里的路沿着河走……）可知是4.9英里，因此距离最短的是Chess Valley in the Chilterns。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。通过阅读文章可知，每一个步行旅游点都有提及Pst-walk pub（步行后酒吧推荐），因此可以看出每个步行道之后都有小酒馆，且根据Gring Gap and the Thames Path部分中的关键句Pst-walk pub：Pangburne's seventeenth-century pub The Swan serves high-end dishes.Bag a table n the riverside r keep tasty by ne f its pen fires.（步行后的酒吧：庞伯恩 17世纪的酒吧The Swan供应高档菜肴。在河边收拾一张桌子，或者在篝火旁烤一烤。）Bx Hill部分中的关键句Pst-walk pub：The cavernus Tree n Bx Hill has an attractive menu and huge beer garden，r sample a glass f Juniper Hill at Denbies Winerie.（步行后的酒吧：盒子山上洞穴般的树有一个吸引人的菜单和巨大的啤酒花园，或在Denbies Winerie品尝一杯杜松山。）A Suth Dwns Ridge （山脊）部分中的关键句Pst-walk pub：There are always 10 real beers at the ld-schl pub The Wellingtn.（散步后的酒吧：在老派的惠灵顿酒吧总有10种真正的啤酒。）Chess Valley in the Chilterns部分中的关键句Pst-walk pub：The Gerge & Dragn is a simple ld caching pub n the High Street with a lg fire，real beers and giant burgers.（散步后的酒吧：乔治和龙是高街上一家简单的老教练酒吧，有篝火、真正的啤酒和巨大的汉堡。）可知，17世纪的风格的、吸引人的菜单、十种啤酒、老式驿站，都是有特色的小酒馆，由此可推知，它们的共同点在于游客可以在散步后到有特色的酒吧放松。故选B。
（3）文章出处题。通过阅读文章可知，文章首段There are plenty f walking rutes in Lndn.If yu fancy smething a bit mre rural，then the green and pleasant land has plenty t ffer.（伦敦有很多步行路线。如果你喜欢一些更乡村的东西，那么绿色和宜人的土地有很多东西可以提供。）揭示了文章话题，即步行旅游方案的话题，可以推论出这篇文章可能会出自旅游宣传册。故选B。
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦四个步行旅游的方案，包括路线、距离和休息地等信息。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
4~7.【答案】B、C、D、C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是狗主人米勒和狗狗奥尔登除暴安良的故事，他们二者相互配合完成了一个又一个的任务。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
1.
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Suddenly the car's headlights lit up a figure breaking the lck n the building，Miller shuted the rder G!In a flash，Olden jumped thrugh the car's pen windw and bit the suspect n the leg.（突然，汽车的前灯照亮了一个人影，正在敲开大楼的锁，米勒大声命令：走！一瞬间，奥尔登从开着的车窗跳了进去，咬了嫌犯的腿。）可知，奥尔登被命令去抓住嫌疑犯，故选B。
2.
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段The dg was kept utside，regardless f the weather and the time.Smetimes during strms，Olden wuld stick his nse ut f his dghuse and bark at the back dr.（不管天气和时间，狗都被关在外面。有时在暴风雨中，奥尔登会把鼻子伸出狗窝，对着后门吠叫。）以及本段中When he returned，Olden was still glued t the spt where he had left him.At that mment Miller wanted t give Olden a hug，but instead quietly said， "Gd by."（当他回来时，奥尔登仍然粘在他离开他的地方。在那一刻，米勒想给奥尔登一个拥抱，但却平静地说："好孩子。"）可知，米勒对奥尔登的训练是非常严格且专业的。A.Kind and mderate善良且温和的；B.Quiet and caring安静且关爱的；C.Strict and prfessinal严格且专业的；D.Smart and flexible智能灵活的。故选C。
3.
（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段Turning a crner，he fund a gun pinting right at his chest.Hе braced fr the jlt when Steve was abut t fire the gun.But suddenly a thundering bark rang ut and Olden burst arund the crner，tearing straight fr Steve.（转过一个角落，他发现一把枪正对着他的胸膛。史蒂夫正要开枪时，他___。但突然，一声雷鸣般的吠声响起，奥尔登冲出街角，直奔史蒂夫而去。）可知，当史蒂夫准备开枪时，米勒做好了最坏的被枪击的打算。故划线词部分意为"为最坏的结果做好准备"。A.Turned ff the engine关闭引擎；B.Caught Steve's attentin引起Steve的注意；C.Made a narrw escape侥幸逃脱；D.Prepared fr the wrst result为最坏的结果做好准备。故选D。
4.
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章内容，文章主要讲述的是狗主人米勒和狗狗奥尔登除暴安良的故事，他们二者相互配合完成了一个又一个的任务。故C.A Perfect Match.（完美的搭配。）符号文意，故选C。
8~11.【答案】D、B、A、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段中Repeating the trick in humans is far frm straightfrward，but the findings will fuel interest in new therapies that aim t slw r reverse the ageing prcess as a means f tackling age-related diseases such as cancers and Alzheimer's（在人类身上重复这一技巧远非易事，但这一发现将激发人们对旨在减缓或逆转衰老过程的新疗法的兴趣，作为治疗癌症和阿尔茨海默氏症等与年龄有关的疾病的一种手段。）可知，这一研究发现将激发人们的兴趣，也对治疗其他疾病有重大启发，所以D项"激励人的；启发灵感的"最好地描述了这一研究发现。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第二段中The scientists drew n previus wrk by the Japanese Nbel winner Prf Shinya Yamanaka，wh shwed that a mixture f fur mlecules（原子）-knwn as Yamanaka factrs-can turn adult cells int yuthful stem cells that are capable f frming almst any tissue（组织）in the bdy.（科学家们借鉴了日本诺贝尔奖得主Shinya Yamanaka教授之前的研究成果。Shinya Yamanaka教授展示了一种四种分子的混合物即山中因子--可以将成年细胞转化为年轻的干细胞，这些干细胞几乎能够形成体内的任何组织。）以及第三段中 that mice wh received Yamanaka factrs fr several mnths were similar t yunger animals in many ways，with their skin in particular shwing signs f rejuvenatin（恢复青春）.（研究发现，连续几个月接受山中因子治疗的小鼠在许多方面与年轻的小鼠相似，尤其是它们的皮肤呈现出年轻化的迹象。）可知，研究表明Yamanaka factrs（山中因子）可以将小白鼠的皮肤变得更年轻化，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第四段中The experiments shwed that rejuvenatin was mre effective when the therapy was given fr a lng time--7 t 10 mnths--starting when the animals were 12 t 15 mnths ld，equal t age 35 t 50 in humans.（实验表明，当治疗时间较长（7到10个月）时，恢复活力更有效，从动物12到15个月大开始，相当于人类的35到50岁。）可以推知，长期治疗效果更好。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Tamir Chandra博士的话"In thery，bilgical age reversal r reductin culd be pssible.Hwever，we are at very early stages where we need t understand the basic science behind it much better，"（从理论上讲，生物年龄逆转或缩短是可能的。然而，我们还处于非常早期的阶段，我们需要更好地理解它背后的基础科学，）可知，我们现在的研究还处于早期阶段，远未完成。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国研究人员用一种基因疗法治疗健康的小鼠，这种疗法可以使衰老的细胞恢复体力，使小鼠更年轻。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】C、B、C、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中The annual traditin，started by the Wrld Wildlife Fund （WWF） in 2007 in Sydney，Australia，was created t raise awareness fr climate change.（2007年，世界野生动物基金会在澳大利亚悉尼创立了这个年度传统日，旨在提高人们对气候变化的认识。）可知，创立"地球一小时"是为了引起公众对环境问题的关注。因此C.T draw public attentin t envirnmental issues.
（引起公众对环境问题的关注）符合题意。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中的These creatures rely n the natural light cycle prvided by the mvement f the sun t help crdinate （协调） their sleep cycles.When this is disturbed by cnstant bright lights frm man-made structures，it can seriusly disrientate （使……失去方向感） the animals and harm their physical health. （这些生物依靠太阳运动提供的自然光循环来协调它们的睡眠周期。当人造建筑物持续发出的亮光打乱了这种状态时，就会使动物失去方向感，危害它们的身体健康。）可知，生物依靠太阳运动提供的自然光循环来协调它们的睡眠，而光污染打乱了这种状态，从而改变了动物的睡眠周期。B.It changes their sleep cycles.（这改变了他们的睡眠周期。）故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中""Hatchlings are attracted t lights and crawl inland，r crawl aimlessly dwn the beach，smetimes until dawn，when predatrs r birds get them，" said Michael Salmn，a bilgist at Flrida Atlantic University in Bca Ratn，Flrida.（佛罗里达州博卡拉顿市佛罗里达大西洋大学的生物学家Michael Salmn说："幼龟被灯光吸引，会向内陆爬行，或者漫无目的地沿着海滩爬行，有时会一直到天亮，这时食肉动物或鸟类会抓住它们。"）"可知，人工照明会让小海龟在去海滩的路上迷路。因此C.It makes them lse their way t the beach.（这让他们迷失了去海滩的路。）符合题意。故选C。
（4）段落大意题。根据最后一段Artificial light has caused a "drastic （激烈的） change" t the natural envirnment f animals，research scientist Christpher Kyba tld the Internatinal Dark-Sky Assciatin. "Predatrs use light t hunt，and prey （猎物） species use darkness as cver，" Kyba explained.If a predatr has such an extra advantage in hunting its prey，this can lead t an imbalance in the ecsystem as the hunted species are n lnger able t maintain their ppulatin when they becme ver-hunted.（研究科学家Christpher Kyba告诉国际暗天协会，人造光已经给动物的自然环境带来了"巨大的变化"。"捕食者利用光线捕食，而猎物物种利用黑暗作为掩护，"Kyba解释说。如果食肉动物在捕捉猎物方面有这样的额外优势，这会导致生态系统的失衡，因为被捕猎的物种在过度捕猎时，不再能够维持其数量。）可知，本段主要讲了人造光对生态系统的影响，即导致生态系统失衡。因此C.The impact f artificial lights n envirnment.（人造光对环境的影响。）是最后一段的主旨大意。故选C。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了创立"地球一小时"不仅提高了人们对气候变化的认识，还引起了人们对另一个严重问题的关注---光污染的威胁，光污染不仅改变了动物的睡眠周期，而且还会导致生态系统失衡。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】D、A、G、F、E
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上文We all knw abut the health benefits f swimming.It ffers a great wrkut fr the bdy—it builds endurance，muscle strength and cardivascular fitness. （我们都知道游泳对健康的好处。它为身体提供了很好的锻炼---增强耐力、肌肉力量和心血管健康。）下文Well，many peple are trying，based n evidence that it is gd fr us.（嗯，很多人都在尝试，因为有证据表明这对我们有好处。）和下一段中Cld-water swimming invlves swimming in natural areas including pnds，rivers，and the sea. （冷水游泳包括在池塘、河流和海洋等自然环境中游泳。）可知，文章接下来的话题是冷水游泳，后一句在说明它有好处，空处应该提到冷水游泳这一关键词。D项"但谁会喜欢在冰冷的水里游泳呢"与上文为转折关系，与下文为顺接关系，且下文中的it指代swimming in water that's ice cld，上下文衔接连贯。故选D项。
（2）细节理解题。根据上文Cld-water swimming invlves swimming in natural areas including pnds，rivers，and the sea.（冷水游泳包括在池塘、河流和海洋等自然环境中游泳。）下文And research has fund it can have much bigger benefits than that fr yur bdy and mind. （研究发现，它对你的身心有比那更大的好处。）阐述冷水游泳对身心有好处，和上文选项并列，A项"冷水游泳能使人清醒"，具体说明冷水游泳的好处，下文中的that指代此处的wakes yu up，上下文衔接连贯，语义一致，故选A项。
（3）段落主题题。根据下文One man wh suffered cnstant pain after surgery claimed he was cured by taking a plunge in cld pen water.And anther swimmer，Sandria Simns，tld the BBC 'the immersin （浸） f yur bdy in cld，salt water，just feeling like yu're at ne with nature if yu like，just feels amazing. （一名手术后持续疼痛的男子声称，他在冰冷的开放水域中潜水后痊愈了。另一名游泳运动员桑德莉亚•西蒙斯告诉BBC："身体浸泡在冰冷的海水中，如果你愿意，就会觉得自己与大自然融为一体，这种感觉太棒了。"）可知，后文举例手术后通过冷水游泳痊愈的男孩和游泳运动员的说法表明，冷水游泳是对人体有好处的。G项"有证据表明，冷水游泳可以治愈某些健康问题"为本段主题句，符合语境，故选G项。
（4）细节理解题。根据上文Dctrs say getting int cld water causes a stress respnse，but the mre yu d it，yur reactin t stress is reduced.It's als thught t have a strng anti-inflammatry （消炎的） effect. （医生说，泡冷水会引起压力反应，但泡得越多，压力就被减少。它也被认为有很强的消炎作用。）以及下文Sme experts believe that cld-water swimming helps 'crss-adaptatin'，where ne frm f stress prepares the bdy fr anther. （一些专家认为，冷水游泳有助于"交叉适应"，即一种形式的压力为身体为另一种压力做准备。）可知，本段从科学角度解释冷水游泳对人体的好处，前文围绕缓解压力，后文围绕交叉适应，空处需起到过渡的作用，从一种好处延伸到更大的好处。F项"但这种减压运动还有更大的好处。"起到承上启下的作用，其中的stress-reducing与前文的the less stress呼应。故选F项。
（5）联系下文题。下文apprach it with great care，swim with a friend，and maybe start in the summer，when the water temperatures are higher! （小心地靠近它（冷水游泳），和朋友一起游泳，也许在夏天开始，当水温更高的时候！）此处对冷水游泳提出具体的建议，E项"所以，如果你确信这是适合你的，接受这个建议"有启下的作用，下文为具体的建议内容。故选E项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冷水游泳对人的身心的好处，并给出了如何开始冷水游泳的建议。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、A、B、D、C、D、A、D、C、A、B、B、C、A、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.wandering流浪；B.leaping跳跃；C.exercising锻炼；D.dancing跳舞。句意：Misty Cpeland大部分时间都在扭动、旋转和跳跃。根据下文"She takes care f her bdy s she desn't（3）it when she ges t wrk in a ballet theatre."可知，Misty Cpeland在努力练习舞蹈，此处指扭动、旋转和跳跃。故选B。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.perfects完善；B.cnquers征服；C.examines检查；D.describes描述。句意：她练习和完善她的艺术优美的动作。根据下文"When she isn't perfrming she is practicing.When she isn't practicing，she is stretching.She takes classes almst every day."可知，Misty Cpeland是为了完善自己的舞蹈动作。故选A。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.hurt伤害；B.injure使受伤；C.spil破坏；D.abuse滥用。句意：她很注意自己的身体，以免在去芭蕾舞剧院工作时伤害到自己的身体。根据上文"She takes care f her bdy"可知，是为了避免伤害到自己的身体。故选B。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.appearance外观；B.vice声音；C.techniques技术；D.instruments乐器。句意："我对待我的身体就像任何音乐家对待他们的乐器一样。"Misty说。根据上文"musician"可知，此处指音乐家们的乐器。故选D。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.fund发现；B.made制造；C.brn出生；D.trained培训。句意：她天生自信吗？根据下文"Actually，she was a（6）girl and avided the sptlight."可知，此处在问她天生就自信吗。故选C。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.humble谦逊的；B.quiet安静的；C.cautius谨慎的；D.shy害羞的。句意：事实上，她是一个害羞的女孩，回避聚光灯。根据下文"avided the sptlight"可知，她是一个害羞的女孩。故选D。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.attend参加；B.register登记；C.learn学习；D.watch观看。句意：13岁时，Misty的老师建议她参加男孩女孩俱乐部的免费芭蕾课。根据下文"a free ballet class at the Bys&Girls Club"可知，此处指参加课程。故选A。
（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.stand up起立；B.catch up追赶；C.cut in切入；D.jin in加入。句意：整整两个星期，Misty都坐在体育馆的长凳上看这门课，不敢加入其中。根据上文"Fr tw weeks，Misty sat n the gym bench watching the class"可知，Misty仅仅是观看，不敢加入其中。故选D。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.rest休息；B.chance机会；C.try尝试；D.thught思想。句意：最后，她试了一下。根据上文"Fr tw weeks，Misty sat n the gym bench watching the class"和下文"At first，she felt （10）in the class."可知，最后，她试了一下。故选C。
（10）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.ut f place格格不入；B.ut f rder发生故障；C.ut f mind心不在焉；D.ut f cntrl失控。句意：一开始，她觉得在班里格格不入。根据下文"She didn't knw anything abut ballet"可知，她感到格格不入。故选A。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.yunger更年轻的；B.lder年龄更大的；C.taller更高的；D.shrter更短的。句意：她对芭蕾一无所知，而且她比大多数学生都大。根据下文"Mst ballerinas （女舞者） start their training much yunger than thirteen."可知，她比大多数学生都大。故选B。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.meanwhile同时；B.hwever然而；C.mrever此外；D.thus因此。句意：然而，随着时间的推移，她开始喜欢上这些课程了。根据上文"At first，she felt（10）in the class.She didn't knw anything abut ballet"及下文"she began t enjy the lessns"可知，前后句意存在转折关系，应用转折副词。故选B。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.ready准备就绪的；B.gd好的；C.right合适的；D.qualified合格的。句意：她发现她的身体——尤其是她的长腿和灵活的肌肉——正好适合跳芭蕾。根据下文"especially her lng legs and flexible muscles"及"After the class seasn ended，Misty received a schlarship t a nearby dance studi."可知，她发现她的身体正好适合跳芭蕾。故选C。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.life生活；B.majr专业；C.prspect前景；D.stage阶段。句意：在接下来的五年里，芭蕾是Misty的生活。根据下文"She practiced，perfrmed，cmpeted and attended ballet prgrams."及"Fr the first time in my life，I felt like I belnged."可知，此处指芭蕾已成为Misty的生活。故选A。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.imprved改进过的；B.calm平静的；C.free自由的；D.secure安全的。句意："表演是我最喜欢的部分，因为我在台上感到自由和开放，"她说。根据下文"Fr the first time in my life，I felt like I belnged."可知，她在台上感到自由和开放。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Misty Cpeland的芭蕾舞团梦之旅，除了天赋以外，她的刻苦努力也是成功的一个重要因素之一。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】has becme
【小题2】which
【小题3】styles
【小题4】preference
【小题5】visiting
【小题6】an
【小题7】t
【小题8】used
【小题9】typically
【小题10】are added
【解析】（1）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：火锅，作为中国传统的民间美食，至少从汉代开始，就已经成为全中国最受欢迎的美食，尤其是在冬季。根据时间状语since at least the Han Dynasty（自从汉代开始）可知，主句应用现在完成时，主语Ht pt为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填has becme。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：火锅，作为中国传统的民间美食，至少从汉代开始，就已经成为全中国最受欢迎的美食，尤其是在冬季。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，连接词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
（3）考查可数名词复数。句意：在中国，从四川的麻辣火锅、广东的海鲜火锅到香港的羊肉火锅，有着不同风格的火锅和不同口味的浓汤。根据空前的形容词different（不同的）及谓语动词are可知，此处应用可数名词style的复数形式。故填styles。
（4）考查可数名词单数。句意：不管你喜欢什么，中国火锅总有让你感兴趣的地方。空前有形容词性物主代词yur修饰，空处应填名词，prefer的名词形式是preference，表示"偏爱的事物；最喜爱的东西"，是可数名词，在让步状语从句中作主语，根据空后is可知，主语为单数形式。故填preference。
（5）考查现在分词。句意：游览重庆，你将有机会品尝到正宗的中国火锅。分析句子结构可知，在when引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语和be动词，visit和逻辑主语yu之间是主动关系，此处应用现在分词形式。故填visiting。
（6）考查冠词。句意：游览重庆，您将有机会品尝到正宗的中国火锅。pprtunity"机会"是可数名词，此处泛指"一次机会"，且pprtunity是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
（7）考查介词。句意：重庆火锅因含有四川辣椒而被称为麻辣火锅，其独特之处在于其肉和酱汁的类型。分析句子可知，此处是固定搭配due t，意为"由于"。故填t。
（8）考查过去分词。句意：重庆火锅因含有四川辣椒而被称为麻辣火锅，其独特之处在于其肉和酱汁的类型。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式，动词use与其逻辑主语sauce之间构成被动关系，应用其过去分词作后置定语，types f sauce used fr its base指"用作其底料的酱料类型"。故填used。
（9）考查副词。句意：火锅通常放在餐桌中央的一个金属碗里。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词作状语修饰动词served。故填typically。
（10）考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：由于锅里的汤快要煮到沸点，食材就被加入沸腾的浓汤中。分析句子结构可知，空处为主句谓语动词，主语the ingredients与动词add之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态；且上文时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时；the ingredients是复数形式，be动词用are。故填are added。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火锅这一中国的传统民间美食。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Terry，
Learning that yu plan t take a cycling trip arund the lake this weekend，I am writing t share sme practical advice with yu.【高分句型一】（写信目的）
In the first place，chse a rute with little r n traffic，which will reduce travel pressure，making cycling trip an easy jb.【高分句型二】Besides，it is wise f yu t wear suitable cycling clthes and bicycle helmet.Last but nt least，there is n dubt that it's a gd idea t prepare enugh fd and water，which will meet the supply f nutrients during cycling.（你的建议）
I wish yu will have a pleasant jurney!（你的祝愿）
Yurs， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Learning that yu plan t take a cycling trip arund the lake this weekend，I am writing t share sme practical advice with yu.
译文：得知你计划本周末骑自行车环湖旅行，我写信给你分享一些实用的建议。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语Learning that yu plan t take a cycling trip arund the lake this weekend作状语。
高分句型二：In the first place，chse a rute with little r n traffic，which will reduce travel pressure，making cycling trip an easy jb.
译文：首先，选择一条交通很少或没有交通的路线，这将减轻旅行压力，使骑自行车旅行成为一项轻松的工作。
分析：这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，现在分词短语making cycling trip an easy jb作状语。
这是一篇提纲类作文。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】"Bys，I baked a chclate cake，" Mrs Thmpsn walked int the garage.Catching sight f Mrs Thmpsn，the tw frze with fear and fllwed her step with racing hearts.A few minutes later，they were served with large slices f cake.Delicius as the cake was，they didn't have any appetite.【高分句型一】Mrs Thmpsn seemed t ntice smething was wrng， "Bys，d yu like the cake？" Paul ndded with his eyes drpping t avid any eye cntact and grwing guilt crept int his heart.（描写Thmpsn和孩子们的对话以及两个孩子见到Thmpsn太太后的反应）
When they were abut t leave，Mrs Thmpsn handed Paul a brand-new bat and glve.Paul lked at them，his face blushing with shame. " s much." Vice trembling，Paul then bravely pured ut everything abut the envelpe and gave back the mney he hid befre，aplgizing fr his stealing.Hwever，Mrs Thmpsn，instead f biling with anger，came up t Paul，and said gently： "Oh，thank yu fr helping me find the envelpe.I ttally frgt where I had put it." In that split time，it dawned n him that what really matters is simple hnesty and simple kindness.【高分句型二】（描写Paul看到崭新的球棒和手套时的反应、还钱后Thmpsn太太的反应和对孩子们的感谢，最后是Paul的思想认识）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Steve邀约Paul外出打棒球，而Paul答应妈妈帮Thmpsn夫妇打扫车库卫生，之后Steve提议一同干活然后再去玩。在打扫卫生时有信封掉落，孩子们发现大量现金，在Paul想据为己有时，Steve极力打消Paul的想法，之后Thmpsn太太为感谢孩子们的劳动送来了蛋糕，这让孩子们感到很羞愧，在即将离开时Thmpsn太太送给Paul一只崭新的球棒和手套来表达感谢，而Paul也终于意识到自己的错误从而还了钱。
高分句型一：Delicius as the cake was，they didn't have any appetite.
翻译：虽然蛋糕很好吃，但他们一点胃口也没有。
分析：本句运用了as引导的让步状语从句。
高分句型二：In that split time，it dawned n him that what really matters is simple hnesty and simple kindness.
翻译：在那段短暂的时间里，他明白了真正重要的是简单的诚实和简单的善良。
分析：本句运用了it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句，还运用了what引导的主语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Marvelus Scenic Walks Near Lndn
There are plenty f walking rutes in Lndn.If yu fancy smething a bit mre rural，then the green and pleasant land has plenty t ffer.
Gring Gap and the Thames Path
If yu're in the md fr a gentle rural walk，the Thames Path is far frm bring.The 5-mile ftpath fllws the curve f the river，winding past wildflwer meadws （草地）.
Pst-walk pub：Pangburne's seventeenth-century pub The Swan serves high-end dishes.Bag a table n the riverside r keep tasty by ne f its pen fires.
Bx Hill
T admire this spts rural views，first yu've gt t jump acrss 17 stepping stnes and climb 272 steps t the tp f Bx Hill，where the path begins.The ttal distance is 6.8 miles.
Pst-walk pub：The cavernus Tree n Bx Hill has an attractive menu and huge beer garden，r sample a glass f Juniper Hill at Denbies Winerie.
A Suth Dwns Ridge （山脊）
If yu've already dne the classic Seven Sisters clifftp walk r can't face all thse hills，this is a lng but lvely alternative.The rute cvering 14.3 miles snakes alng a ridge and a river valley.
Pst-walk pub：There are always 10 real beers at the ld-schl pub The Wellingtn.
Chess Valley in the Chilterns
Chess Valley in the Chiltern Hills isn't hme t any chess masters，but it used t prduce a kind f water plant.This walk f 4.9 miles fllws the river，winding thrugh rlling meadws and wds.
Pst-walk pub：The Gerge & Dragn is a simple ld caching pub n the High Street with a lg fire，real beers and giant burgers.
1.Which f the fllwing walks cvers the shrtest distance？ ______
A. Bx Hill.B. A Suth Dwns Ridge.
C. Chess Valley in the Chilterns.D. Gring Gap and the Thames Path.
2.What d the listed scenic walks in the text have in cmmn？ ______
A. The pubs are pretty and ld-fashined.
B. Visitrs can relax at special pubs after walks.
C. There are rivers winding thrugh the meadws.
D. The fd served there is expensive and f high quality.
3.Where is this text prbably taken frm？ ______
A. A gegraphy bk.B. A travel brchure.
C. A fashin website.D. A science magazine.
B
"Keep a sharp lkut，"Miller tld Olden，a strng German dg，glancing tward the back seat.In the pr light，Miller culd just make u the badge （徽章） shining smartly frm his partner's cllar.Suddenly the car's headlights lit up a figure breaking the lck n the building，Miller shuted the rder G!In a flash，Olden jumped thrugh the car's pen windw and bit the suspect n the leg.
Over the next few mnths，Miller kept his relatinship with Olden strictly prfessinal.The dg was kept utside，regardless f the weather and the time.Smetimes during strms，Olden wuld stick his nse ut f his dghuse and bark at the back dr.Miller pretended nt t hear.T test Olden's discipline，he'd give him the rder Stay" and then he'd leave.When he returned，Olden was still glued t the spt where he had left him.At that mment Miller wanted t give Olden a hug，but instead quietly said， "Gd by."
One afternn，just after Miller and Olden began their shift，an urgent call came.As Miller rushed t the spt，the suspect Steve 's car sped away.Miller ran after Steve at a full speed.Finally Steve abandned his car in a side street.Miller jumped ut f his car and raced int it t.Turning a crner，he fund a gun pinting right at his chest.Hе braced fr the jlt when Steve was abut t fire the gun.But suddenly a thundering bark rang ut and Olden burst arund the crner，tearing straight fr Steve.The gunman fired and fled.It tk a mment fr Miller t react.Dctr tld Miller the bullet，meant fr him，missed Olden's heart by an inch.Frtunately，his partner survived.After arriving hme，Miller led Olden t his dghuse.Suddenly he stpped and did smething he' d been wanting t d since he saw Olden.Bending dwn，Miller wrapped his arms arund Olden，Then the tw started rlling arund in the sft grass.
4.What was Olden rdered t d in Paragraph 1？ ______
A. Be seated at the back seat.B. Catch the ptential criminal.
C. Break the lck n the building.D. Find ut his partner's badge.
5.Which f the fllwing best describes Miller as Olden's trainer？ ______
A. Kind and mderate.B. Quiet and caring.
C. Strict and prfessinal.D. Smart and flexible.
6.What d the underlined wrds "braced fr the jlt" mean in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Turned ff the engine.B. Caught Steve's attentin.
C. Made a narrw escape.D. Prepared fr the wrst result.
7.Which can be a suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. A Plice DgB. A Tugh TaskC. A Perfect MatchD. A Dg Trainer
C
Rescarchers in the US treated healthy mice with a frm f gene therapy that refreshed lder cells，making the animals mre yuthful accrding t bilgical markers that are used t measure the effects f ageing.Repeating the trick in humans is far frm straightfrward，but the findings will fuel interest in new the rapiesthat aim t slw r reverse the ageing prcess as a means f tackling age-related diseases such as cancers and Alzheimer's.
The scientists drew n previus wrk by the Japanese Nbel winner Prf.Shinya Yamanaka，wh shwed that a mixture f fur mlecules（原子）-knwn as Yamanaka factrs-can turn adult cells int yuthful stem cells that are capable f frming almst any tissue（组织）in the bdy.
Writing in the jurnal Nature Aging，the US team led by Jasper and Prf Juan Carls Izpisua Belmnte at the Salk Institute in Califrnia and the San Dieg Alts Institute，fund that mice wh received Yamanaka factrs fr several mnths were similar t yunger animals in many ways，with their skin in particular shwing signs f rejuvenatin（恢复青春）.
The experiments shwed that rejuvenatin was mre effective when the therapy was given fr a lng time-7 t 10 mnths-starting when the animals were 12 t 15 mnths ld，equal t age 35 t 50 in humans.Whén lder animals，equal t 80 years ld in human terms，were treated fr ne mnth，the scientists saw little impact.
Rather than using Yamanaka factrs t rejuvenate aged humans，many scientists suspect that new drugs will be needed t partially reprgram cells safely and effectively. "In thery，bilgical age reversal r reductin culd be pssible.Hwever，we are at very early stages where we need t understand the basic science behind it much better，"said Dr.Tamir Chandra，an expert in the bilgy f ageing at the University f Edinburgh.
8.Which f the fllwing best describes the findings f the research？ ______
A. Suspicius.B. Tricky.C. Amusing.D. Inspiring.
9.What can we say abut Yamanaka factrs？ ______
A. They are made up f three mlecules.
B. They can prbably rejuvenate mice's skin.
C. They were first fund by a Japanese scientist.
D. They can becme a part f mice's bdy tissue.
10.What can be inferred frm the findings f the experiments？ ______
A. The therapy given fr a lng time wrks better.
B. Humans may have better utcmes than animals.
C. The rejuvenatin is mre effective fr peple aged 12 t 15.
D. Older animals can live lnger with the help f the treatment.
11.What d Dr.Tamir Chandra's wrds mainly tell us？ ______
A. The researches are far frm cmplete.
B. The prcess f grwing ld cannt be stpped.
C. The basic rule behind rejuvenatin is fully understd.
D. The new drug has been put int use safely and effectively.
D
Away frm the bright lights f the city，if yu lk up at the night sky yu will see an cean f bright stars.But in the illuminated cncrete jungles we humans have built urselves，it's a different stry.
This year，Earth Hur was bserved n March 26.The annual traditin，started by the Wrld Wildlife Fund （WWF） in 2007 in Sydney，Australia，was created t raise awareness fr climate change.Thse celebrating turn ff all their electrical appliances fr ne hur.It als draws attentin t anther serius prblem that the wrld is currently facing — the threat f light pllutin.
Light pllutin happens when t much man-made light harms nature.Scientists have fund that it is especially harmful t ncturnal animals.These creatures rely n the natural light cycle prvided by the mvement f the sun t help crdinate their sleep cycles.When this is disturbed by cnstant bright lights frm man-made structures，it can seriusly disrientate the animals and harm their physical health. "Wildlife species have evlved n this planet with bilgical rhythms — changing that has prfund effects，" said Travis Lngcre，a bigegrapher with the Urban Wildlands Grup in Ls Angeles，US.A lack f darkness at night can als cause difficulties fr animals in ther ways.
Newly hatched （孵化） baby sea turtles rely n the brighter hrizn ver the cean t guide them frm the beach t the sea.Hwever，with artificial lights next t the ceans，the small animals are easily led away frm the right path. "Hatchlings are attracted t lights and crawl inland，r crawl aimlessly dwn the beach，smetimes until dawn，when predatrs r birds get them，" said Michael Salmn，a bilgist at Flrida Atlantic University in Bca Ratn，Flrida.
Artificial light has caused a "drastic change" t the natural envirnment f animals，research scientist Christpher Kyba tld the Internatinal Dark-Sky Assciatin. "Predatrs use light t hunt，and prey （猎物） species use darkness as cver，" Kyba explained.If a predatr has such an extra advantage in hunting its prey，this can lead t an imbalance in the ecsystem as the hunted species are n lnger able t maintain their ppulatin when they becme ver-hunted.
12.Why was Earth Hur created？ ______
A. T raise awareness f air pllutin.
B. T call n peple t get clser t nature.
C. T draw public attentin t envirnmental issues.
D. T recnsider the necessity f electrical devices.
13.Hw des light pllutin affect ncturnal animals？ ______
A. It slws their grwth.
B. It changes their sleep cycles.
C. It lessens their dependence n the sun.
D. It reduces their difficulties caused by darkness.
14.What truble des artificial lighting cause baby sea turtles？ ______
A. It can prevent them frm reaching the cean.
B. It can affect their bilgical rhythms.
C. It makes them lse their way t the beach.
D. It expses them t predatrs in the sea.
15.What is the last paragraph mainly abut？ ______
A. The argument ver artificial lights.
B. Animals that benefit frm artificial lights.
C. The impact f artificial lights n envirnment.
D. The dangers f an imbalance in the ecsystem.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
We all knw abut the health benefits f swimming.It ffers a great wrkut fr the bdy —it builds endurance，muscle strength，and cardivascular （心血管的） fitness. （1） ______ ？Well，many peple are trying，based n evidence that it is gd fr us.
Cld-water swimming invlves swimming in natural areas including pnds，rivers，and the sea. （2） ______ .And research has fund it can have much bigger benefits than that fr yur bdy and mind.Besides being gd exercise，spending time utdrs and in the water imprves wellbeing.
（ 3） ______ .One man wh suffered cnstant pain after surgery claimed he was cured by taking a plunge in cld pen water.And anther swimmer，Sandria Simns，tld the BBC， "the immersin （浸） f yur bdy in cld，salt water，just feeling like yu're at ne with nature if yu like，just feels amazing."
But what are peple gaining frm this chilly experience？Dctrs say getting int cld water causes a stress respnse，but the mre yu d it，yur reactin t stress is reduced.It's als thught t have a strng anti-inflammatry （消炎的） effect. （4） ______ .Sme experts believe cld-water swimming helps "crss-adaptatin"，where ne frm f stress prepares the bdy fr anther.Fr example，it als helps reduce the stress f exercising at high altitudes.
（ 5） ______ ：apprach it with cautin，swim with a friend，and maybe start in the summer，when the water temperatures are higher!
A.A cld swim wakes yu up
B.Want t have a g at pen water swimming
C.It can als be dangerus，s it's imprtant t d it right
D.But wh wuld enjy swimming in water that's ice cld
E.S，if yu're cnvinced that this is fr yu，take this advice
F.But there are bigger benefits t this stress-reducing exercise
G.Evidence suggests that cld-water swimming has cured certain health cnditins
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Misty Cpeland spends mst days twisting，spinning and （1） ______ .She practices and （2） ______ the graceful mvements f her art.When she isn't perfrming she is practicing.When she isn't practicing，she is stretching.She takes classes almst every day.She takes care f her bdy s she desn't （3） ______ it when she ges t wrk in a ballet theatre.
"I treat my bdy with the respect that any musician wuld t their （4） ______ ." says Misty. "I lve my bdy，" she adds.
Was she （5） ______ cnfident？Actually，she was a （6） ______ girl and avided the sptlight.But Misty lved music and mvement.When she was thirteen，Misty's teacher suggested she （7） ______ a free ballet class at the Bys&Girls Club.Fr tw weeks，Misty sat n the gym bench watching the class，afraid t （8） ______ .Finally，she gave it a （9） ______ .At first，she felt （10） ______ in the class.She didn't knw anything abut ballet，and she was （11） ______ than mst f the students.Over time，（ 12） ______ ，she began t enjy the lessns.She discvered that her bdy- especially her lng legs and flexible muscles - was just（13） ______ fr ballet.After the class seasn ended，Misty received a schlarship t a nearby dance studi.Mst ballerinas（女舞者） start their training much yunger than thirteen.But Misty's natural abilities and hard wrk made her imprve quickly.
Over the next five years，ballet was Misty's （14） ______ .She practiced，perfrmed，cmpeted and attended ballet prgrams. "Perfrming was my favurite part because I felt （15） ______ and pen nstage，she says. "Fr the first time in my life，I felt like I belnged."
21.A. wanderingB. leapingC. exercisingD. dancing
22.A. perfectsB. cnquersC. examinesD. describes
23.A. hurtB. injureC. spilD. abuse
24.A. appearanceB. viceC. techniquesD. instruments
25.A. fundB. madeC. brnD. trained
26.A. humbleB. quietC. cautiusD. shy
27.A. attendB. registerC. learnD. watch
28.A. stand upB. catch upC. cut inD. jin in
29.A. restB. chanceC. tryD. thught
30.A. ut f placeB. ut f rderC. ut f mindD. ut f cntrl
31.A. yungerB. lderC. tallerD. shrter
32.A. meanwhileB. hweverC. mreverD. thus
33.A. readyB. gdC. rightD. qualified
34.A. lifeB. majrC. prspectD. stage
35.A. imprvedB. calmC. freeD. secure
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Ht pt，as a traditinal Chinese flk dish， (1) （becme） a favrite dish thrughut China since at least the Han Dynasty， (2) is particularly true during winter mnths.There are different (3) （style） f ht pt with differently flavred thick sup in China，frm spicy ht pt in Sichuan，seafd-based ht pt in Guangdng t muttn ht pt in Hng Kng.N matter what yur (4) （prefer） is，Chinese ht pt has smething t interest yu.
The spicy ht pt featured in Sichuan is prbably the mst famus amng the native Chinese.When (5) （visit） Chngqing，yu will have (6) pprtunity t taste authentic （真正的） Chinese ht pt.Chngqing ht pt is knwn as má là （"numb and spicy"） due (7) the inclusin f Sichuan peppers and is unique in the type s f meat and the types f sauce (8) （use） fr its base.Thugh the flavr f Chinese ht pt varies frm regin t regin，the dining custms are similar.
Ht pt is (9) （typical） served in a metal bwl at the center f the dining table.As the sup in the pt is cked at almst biling pint，the ingredients （原料） (10) （add） int the biling thick sup.The ingredients can vary frm thinly-sliced meat，vegetables，mushrms，ptates，and cabbage，t seafd，fish balls and tfu.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是李华，酷爱自行车旅行。你校交换生Terry打算周末进行环湖自行车旅行，向你征求意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
（1）你的建议；
（2）你的祝愿。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Terry，
__________
Yurs， Li Hua
38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Steve grabbed his bat and glve. "See yu later，Mm.I'm ging t Paul's." He raced ut the dr and slammed it behind him.Summer vacatin just began.The bys planned t play baseball every day s they culd make the freshman team.
Paul was waiting utside fr Steve. "What are yu ding？Where's yur stuff？" Steve lifted his bat nt his shulder when catching sight f Paul.
Paul shk his head unhappily. "I have t clean Mr Thmpsn's garage befre I can g.With his brken arm，he can't d it himself.My mm always vlunteers me t help the Thmpsn's.They're kind f ld."
"OK" said Steve. "I'll help yu.We'll get dne quicker wrking tgether."
The bys went dwn the blck t the Thmpsn's and gt started.They fund a cuple f brms and shvels（铲）.Befre they swept，they put bxes that were strewn（遍布） arund the garage flr n shelves.As Paul put a big bx n a shelf，it fell ff and with it fell an envelpe.He picked it up.It wasn't sealed，s he pened it.There were lts f ne-hundred-dllar bills.
"Yu've gt t see this." He pulled ut a handful f bills and shwed Steve with his eyes lit up. "Where did yu get that？" said Steve.Paul pinted t the shelf. "It just fell dwn when the bx fell.There's gt t be a cuple f thusand bx fell.There's gt t be a cuple f thusand dllars here.If we take sme，I bet n ne will ever knw."
Steve furrwed his brw（皱眉） and shk his head. "Are yu crazy？That's stealing." "Well，I d a lt f chres fr them and dn't get paid.It's nt really stealing；it's a kind f payment fr my hard wrk，" Paul insisted.At that time，Steve was abut t grab the mney frm Paul's hand when they heard a sund.
注意：
（1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1：
"Bys，I baked a chclate cake，" Mrs Thmpsn walked int the garage.
__________
Paragraph 2：
When they were abut t leave，Mrs Thmpsn handed Paul a brand-new bat and glve.
__________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、B、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由此篇文章Gring Gap and the Thames Path部分中的关键句The 5-mile ftpath fllws the curve f the river，winding past wildflwer meadws.（这条5英里长的步道沿着河流的曲线蜿蜒经过野花草地。）可知距离是5英里，Bx Hill部分中的关键句The ttal distance is 6.8 miles.（总距离为6.8英里。）可知是6.8英里，A Suth Dwns ridge部分中的关键句The rute cvering 14.3 miles snakes alng a ridge and a river valley.（这条路线全长14.3英里，蜿蜒于山脊和河谷之间。）可知是14.3英里，Chess Valley in the Chilterns部分中的关键句This walk f 4.9 miles fllws the river…（这条4.9英里的路沿着河走……）可知是4.9英里，因此距离最短的是Chess Valley in the Chilterns。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。通过阅读文章可知，每一个步行旅游点都有提及Pst-walk pub（步行后酒吧推荐），因此可以看出每个步行道之后都有小酒馆，且根据Gring Gap and the Thames Path部分中的关键句Pst-walk pub：Pangburne's seventeenth-century pub The Swan serves high-end dishes.Bag a table n the riverside r keep tasty by ne f its pen fires.（步行后的酒吧：庞伯恩 17世纪的酒吧The Swan供应高档菜肴。在河边收拾一张桌子，或者在篝火旁烤一烤。）Bx Hill部分中的关键句Pst-walk pub：The cavernus Tree n Bx Hill has an attractive menu and huge beer garden，r sample a glass f Juniper Hill at Denbies Winerie.（步行后的酒吧：盒子山上洞穴般的树有一个吸引人的菜单和巨大的啤酒花园，或在Denbies Winerie品尝一杯杜松山。）A Suth Dwns Ridge （山脊）部分中的关键句Pst-walk pub：There are always 10 real beers at the ld-schl pub The Wellingtn.（散步后的酒吧：在老派的惠灵顿酒吧总有10种真正的啤酒。）Chess Valley in the Chilterns部分中的关键句Pst-walk pub：The Gerge & Dragn is a simple ld caching pub n the High Street with a lg fire，real beers and giant burgers.（散步后的酒吧：乔治和龙是高街上一家简单的老教练酒吧，有篝火、真正的啤酒和巨大的汉堡。）可知，17世纪的风格的、吸引人的菜单、十种啤酒、老式驿站，都是有特色的小酒馆，由此可推知，它们的共同点在于游客可以在散步后到有特色的酒吧放松。故选B。
（3）文章出处题。通过阅读文章可知，文章首段There are plenty f walking rutes in Lndn.If yu fancy smething a bit mre rural，then the green and pleasant land has plenty t ffer.（伦敦有很多步行路线。如果你喜欢一些更乡村的东西，那么绿色和宜人的土地有很多东西可以提供。）揭示了文章话题，即步行旅游方案的话题，可以推论出这篇文章可能会出自旅游宣传册。故选B。
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦四个步行旅游的方案，包括路线、距离和休息地等信息。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
4~7.【答案】B、C、D、C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是狗主人米勒和狗狗奥尔登除暴安良的故事，他们二者相互配合完成了一个又一个的任务。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
1.
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Suddenly the car's headlights lit up a figure breaking the lck n the building，Miller shuted the rder G!In a flash，Olden jumped thrugh the car's pen windw and bit the suspect n the leg.（突然，汽车的前灯照亮了一个人影，正在敲开大楼的锁，米勒大声命令：走！一瞬间，奥尔登从开着的车窗跳了进去，咬了嫌犯的腿。）可知，奥尔登被命令去抓住嫌疑犯，故选B。
2.
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段The dg was kept utside，regardless f the weather and the time.Smetimes during strms，Olden wuld stick his nse ut f his dghuse and bark at the back dr.（不管天气和时间，狗都被关在外面。有时在暴风雨中，奥尔登会把鼻子伸出狗窝，对着后门吠叫。）以及本段中When he returned，Olden was still glued t the spt where he had left him.At that mment Miller wanted t give Olden a hug，but instead quietly said， "Gd by."（当他回来时，奥尔登仍然粘在他离开他的地方。在那一刻，米勒想给奥尔登一个拥抱，但却平静地说："好孩子。"）可知，米勒对奥尔登的训练是非常严格且专业的。A.Kind and mderate善良且温和的；B.Quiet and caring安静且关爱的；C.Strict and prfessinal严格且专业的；D.Smart and flexible智能灵活的。故选C。
3.
（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段Turning a crner，he fund a gun pinting right at his chest.Hе braced fr the jlt when Steve was abut t fire the gun.But suddenly a thundering bark rang ut and Olden burst arund the crner，tearing straight fr Steve.（转过一个角落，他发现一把枪正对着他的胸膛。史蒂夫正要开枪时，他___。但突然，一声雷鸣般的吠声响起，奥尔登冲出街角，直奔史蒂夫而去。）可知，当史蒂夫准备开枪时，米勒做好了最坏的被枪击的打算。故划线词部分意为"为最坏的结果做好准备"。A.Turned ff the engine关闭引擎；B.Caught Steve's attentin引起Steve的注意；C.Made a narrw escape侥幸逃脱；D.Prepared fr the wrst result为最坏的结果做好准备。故选D。
4.
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章内容，文章主要讲述的是狗主人米勒和狗狗奥尔登除暴安良的故事，他们二者相互配合完成了一个又一个的任务。故C.A Perfect Match.（完美的搭配。）符号文意，故选C。
8~11.【答案】D、B、A、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段中Repeating the trick in humans is far frm straightfrward，but the findings will fuel interest in new therapies that aim t slw r reverse the ageing prcess as a means f tackling age-related diseases such as cancers and Alzheimer's（在人类身上重复这一技巧远非易事，但这一发现将激发人们对旨在减缓或逆转衰老过程的新疗法的兴趣，作为治疗癌症和阿尔茨海默氏症等与年龄有关的疾病的一种手段。）可知，这一研究发现将激发人们的兴趣，也对治疗其他疾病有重大启发，所以D项"激励人的；启发灵感的"最好地描述了这一研究发现。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第二段中The scientists drew n previus wrk by the Japanese Nbel winner Prf Shinya Yamanaka，wh shwed that a mixture f fur mlecules（原子）-knwn as Yamanaka factrs-can turn adult cells int yuthful stem cells that are capable f frming almst any tissue（组织）in the bdy.（科学家们借鉴了日本诺贝尔奖得主Shinya Yamanaka教授之前的研究成果。Shinya Yamanaka教授展示了一种四种分子的混合物即山中因子--可以将成年细胞转化为年轻的干细胞，这些干细胞几乎能够形成体内的任何组织。）以及第三段中 that mice wh received Yamanaka factrs fr several mnths were similar t yunger animals in many ways，with their skin in particular shwing signs f rejuvenatin（恢复青春）.（研究发现，连续几个月接受山中因子治疗的小鼠在许多方面与年轻的小鼠相似，尤其是它们的皮肤呈现出年轻化的迹象。）可知，研究表明Yamanaka factrs（山中因子）可以将小白鼠的皮肤变得更年轻化，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第四段中The experiments shwed that rejuvenatin was mre effective when the therapy was given fr a lng time--7 t 10 mnths--starting when the animals were 12 t 15 mnths ld，equal t age 35 t 50 in humans.（实验表明，当治疗时间较长（7到10个月）时，恢复活力更有效，从动物12到15个月大开始，相当于人类的35到50岁。）可以推知，长期治疗效果更好。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Tamir Chandra博士的话"In thery，bilgical age reversal r reductin culd be pssible.Hwever，we are at very early stages where we need t understand the basic science behind it much better，"（从理论上讲，生物年龄逆转或缩短是可能的。然而，我们还处于非常早期的阶段，我们需要更好地理解它背后的基础科学，）可知，我们现在的研究还处于早期阶段，远未完成。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国研究人员用一种基因疗法治疗健康的小鼠，这种疗法可以使衰老的细胞恢复体力，使小鼠更年轻。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】C、B、C、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中The annual traditin，started by the Wrld Wildlife Fund （WWF） in 2007 in Sydney，Australia，was created t raise awareness fr climate change.（2007年，世界野生动物基金会在澳大利亚悉尼创立了这个年度传统日，旨在提高人们对气候变化的认识。）可知，创立"地球一小时"是为了引起公众对环境问题的关注。因此C.T draw public attentin t envirnmental issues.
（引起公众对环境问题的关注）符合题意。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中的These creatures rely n the natural light cycle prvided by the mvement f the sun t help crdinate （协调） their sleep cycles.When this is disturbed by cnstant bright lights frm man-made structures，it can seriusly disrientate （使……失去方向感） the animals and harm their physical health. （这些生物依靠太阳运动提供的自然光循环来协调它们的睡眠周期。当人造建筑物持续发出的亮光打乱了这种状态时，就会使动物失去方向感，危害它们的身体健康。）可知，生物依靠太阳运动提供的自然光循环来协调它们的睡眠，而光污染打乱了这种状态，从而改变了动物的睡眠周期。B.It changes their sleep cycles.（这改变了他们的睡眠周期。）故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中""Hatchlings are attracted t lights and crawl inland，r crawl aimlessly dwn the beach，smetimes until dawn，when predatrs r birds get them，" said Michael Salmn，a bilgist at Flrida Atlantic University in Bca Ratn，Flrida.（佛罗里达州博卡拉顿市佛罗里达大西洋大学的生物学家Michael Salmn说："幼龟被灯光吸引，会向内陆爬行，或者漫无目的地沿着海滩爬行，有时会一直到天亮，这时食肉动物或鸟类会抓住它们。"）"可知，人工照明会让小海龟在去海滩的路上迷路。因此C.It makes them lse their way t the beach.（这让他们迷失了去海滩的路。）符合题意。故选C。
（4）段落大意题。根据最后一段Artificial light has caused a "drastic （激烈的） change" t the natural envirnment f animals，research scientist Christpher Kyba tld the Internatinal Dark-Sky Assciatin. "Predatrs use light t hunt，and prey （猎物） species use darkness as cver，" Kyba explained.If a predatr has such an extra advantage in hunting its prey，this can lead t an imbalance in the ecsystem as the hunted species are n lnger able t maintain their ppulatin when they becme ver-hunted.（研究科学家Christpher Kyba告诉国际暗天协会，人造光已经给动物的自然环境带来了"巨大的变化"。"捕食者利用光线捕食，而猎物物种利用黑暗作为掩护，"Kyba解释说。如果食肉动物在捕捉猎物方面有这样的额外优势，这会导致生态系统的失衡，因为被捕猎的物种在过度捕猎时，不再能够维持其数量。）可知，本段主要讲了人造光对生态系统的影响，即导致生态系统失衡。因此C.The impact f artificial lights n envirnment.（人造光对环境的影响。）是最后一段的主旨大意。故选C。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了创立"地球一小时"不仅提高了人们对气候变化的认识，还引起了人们对另一个严重问题的关注---光污染的威胁，光污染不仅改变了动物的睡眠周期，而且还会导致生态系统失衡。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】D、A、G、F、E
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上文We all knw abut the health benefits f swimming.It ffers a great wrkut fr the bdy—it builds endurance，muscle strength and cardivascular fitness. （我们都知道游泳对健康的好处。它为身体提供了很好的锻炼---增强耐力、肌肉力量和心血管健康。）下文Well，many peple are trying，based n evidence that it is gd fr us.（嗯，很多人都在尝试，因为有证据表明这对我们有好处。）和下一段中Cld-water swimming invlves swimming in natural areas including pnds，rivers，and the sea. （冷水游泳包括在池塘、河流和海洋等自然环境中游泳。）可知，文章接下来的话题是冷水游泳，后一句在说明它有好处，空处应该提到冷水游泳这一关键词。D项"但谁会喜欢在冰冷的水里游泳呢"与上文为转折关系，与下文为顺接关系，且下文中的it指代swimming in water that's ice cld，上下文衔接连贯。故选D项。
（2）细节理解题。根据上文Cld-water swimming invlves swimming in natural areas including pnds，rivers，and the sea.（冷水游泳包括在池塘、河流和海洋等自然环境中游泳。）下文And research has fund it can have much bigger benefits than that fr yur bdy and mind. （研究发现，它对你的身心有比那更大的好处。）阐述冷水游泳对身心有好处，和上文选项并列，A项"冷水游泳能使人清醒"，具体说明冷水游泳的好处，下文中的that指代此处的wakes yu up，上下文衔接连贯，语义一致，故选A项。
（3）段落主题题。根据下文One man wh suffered cnstant pain after surgery claimed he was cured by taking a plunge in cld pen water.And anther swimmer，Sandria Simns，tld the BBC 'the immersin （浸） f yur bdy in cld，salt water，just feeling like yu're at ne with nature if yu like，just feels amazing. （一名手术后持续疼痛的男子声称，他在冰冷的开放水域中潜水后痊愈了。另一名游泳运动员桑德莉亚•西蒙斯告诉BBC："身体浸泡在冰冷的海水中，如果你愿意，就会觉得自己与大自然融为一体，这种感觉太棒了。"）可知，后文举例手术后通过冷水游泳痊愈的男孩和游泳运动员的说法表明，冷水游泳是对人体有好处的。G项"有证据表明，冷水游泳可以治愈某些健康问题"为本段主题句，符合语境，故选G项。
（4）细节理解题。根据上文Dctrs say getting int cld water causes a stress respnse，but the mre yu d it，yur reactin t stress is reduced.It's als thught t have a strng anti-inflammatry （消炎的） effect. （医生说，泡冷水会引起压力反应，但泡得越多，压力就被减少。它也被认为有很强的消炎作用。）以及下文Sme experts believe that cld-water swimming helps 'crss-adaptatin'，where ne frm f stress prepares the bdy fr anther. （一些专家认为，冷水游泳有助于"交叉适应"，即一种形式的压力为身体为另一种压力做准备。）可知，本段从科学角度解释冷水游泳对人体的好处，前文围绕缓解压力，后文围绕交叉适应，空处需起到过渡的作用，从一种好处延伸到更大的好处。F项"但这种减压运动还有更大的好处。"起到承上启下的作用，其中的stress-reducing与前文的the less stress呼应。故选F项。
（5）联系下文题。下文apprach it with great care，swim with a friend，and maybe start in the summer，when the water temperatures are higher! （小心地靠近它（冷水游泳），和朋友一起游泳，也许在夏天开始，当水温更高的时候！）此处对冷水游泳提出具体的建议，E项"所以，如果你确信这是适合你的，接受这个建议"有启下的作用，下文为具体的建议内容。故选E项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冷水游泳对人的身心的好处，并给出了如何开始冷水游泳的建议。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、A、B、D、C、D、A、D、C、A、B、B、C、A、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.wandering流浪；B.leaping跳跃；C.exercising锻炼；D.dancing跳舞。句意：Misty Cpeland大部分时间都在扭动、旋转和跳跃。根据下文"She takes care f her bdy s she desn't（3）it when she ges t wrk in a ballet theatre."可知，Misty Cpeland在努力练习舞蹈，此处指扭动、旋转和跳跃。故选B。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.perfects完善；B.cnquers征服；C.examines检查；D.describes描述。句意：她练习和完善她的艺术优美的动作。根据下文"When she isn't perfrming she is practicing.When she isn't practicing，she is stretching.She takes classes almst every day."可知，Misty Cpeland是为了完善自己的舞蹈动作。故选A。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.hurt伤害；B.injure使受伤；C.spil破坏；D.abuse滥用。句意：她很注意自己的身体，以免在去芭蕾舞剧院工作时伤害到自己的身体。根据上文"She takes care f her bdy"可知，是为了避免伤害到自己的身体。故选B。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.appearance外观；B.vice声音；C.techniques技术；D.instruments乐器。句意："我对待我的身体就像任何音乐家对待他们的乐器一样。"Misty说。根据上文"musician"可知，此处指音乐家们的乐器。故选D。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.fund发现；B.made制造；C.brn出生；D.trained培训。句意：她天生自信吗？根据下文"Actually，she was a（6）girl and avided the sptlight."可知，此处在问她天生就自信吗。故选C。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.humble谦逊的；B.quiet安静的；C.cautius谨慎的；D.shy害羞的。句意：事实上，她是一个害羞的女孩，回避聚光灯。根据下文"avided the sptlight"可知，她是一个害羞的女孩。故选D。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.attend参加；B.register登记；C.learn学习；D.watch观看。句意：13岁时，Misty的老师建议她参加男孩女孩俱乐部的免费芭蕾课。根据下文"a free ballet class at the Bys&Girls Club"可知，此处指参加课程。故选A。
（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.stand up起立；B.catch up追赶；C.cut in切入；D.jin in加入。句意：整整两个星期，Misty都坐在体育馆的长凳上看这门课，不敢加入其中。根据上文"Fr tw weeks，Misty sat n the gym bench watching the class"可知，Misty仅仅是观看，不敢加入其中。故选D。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.rest休息；B.chance机会；C.try尝试；D.thught思想。句意：最后，她试了一下。根据上文"Fr tw weeks，Misty sat n the gym bench watching the class"和下文"At first，she felt （10）in the class."可知，最后，她试了一下。故选C。
（10）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.ut f place格格不入；B.ut f rder发生故障；C.ut f mind心不在焉；D.ut f cntrl失控。句意：一开始，她觉得在班里格格不入。根据下文"She didn't knw anything abut ballet"可知，她感到格格不入。故选A。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.yunger更年轻的；B.lder年龄更大的；C.taller更高的；D.shrter更短的。句意：她对芭蕾一无所知，而且她比大多数学生都大。根据下文"Mst ballerinas （女舞者） start their training much yunger than thirteen."可知，她比大多数学生都大。故选B。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.meanwhile同时；B.hwever然而；C.mrever此外；D.thus因此。句意：然而，随着时间的推移，她开始喜欢上这些课程了。根据上文"At first，she felt（10）in the class.She didn't knw anything abut ballet"及下文"she began t enjy the lessns"可知，前后句意存在转折关系，应用转折副词。故选B。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.ready准备就绪的；B.gd好的；C.right合适的；D.qualified合格的。句意：她发现她的身体——尤其是她的长腿和灵活的肌肉——正好适合跳芭蕾。根据下文"especially her lng legs and flexible muscles"及"After the class seasn ended，Misty received a schlarship t a nearby dance studi."可知，她发现她的身体正好适合跳芭蕾。故选C。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.life生活；B.majr专业；C.prspect前景；D.stage阶段。句意：在接下来的五年里，芭蕾是Misty的生活。根据下文"She practiced，perfrmed，cmpeted and attended ballet prgrams."及"Fr the first time in my life，I felt like I belnged."可知，此处指芭蕾已成为Misty的生活。故选A。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.imprved改进过的；B.calm平静的；C.free自由的；D.secure安全的。句意："表演是我最喜欢的部分，因为我在台上感到自由和开放，"她说。根据下文"Fr the first time in my life，I felt like I belnged."可知，她在台上感到自由和开放。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Misty Cpeland的芭蕾舞团梦之旅，除了天赋以外，她的刻苦努力也是成功的一个重要因素之一。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】has becme
【小题2】which
【小题3】styles
【小题4】preference
【小题5】visiting
【小题6】an
【小题7】t
【小题8】used
【小题9】typically
【小题10】are added
【解析】（1）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：火锅，作为中国传统的民间美食，至少从汉代开始，就已经成为全中国最受欢迎的美食，尤其是在冬季。根据时间状语since at least the Han Dynasty（自从汉代开始）可知，主句应用现在完成时，主语Ht pt为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填has becme。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：火锅，作为中国传统的民间美食，至少从汉代开始，就已经成为全中国最受欢迎的美食，尤其是在冬季。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，连接词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
（3）考查可数名词复数。句意：在中国，从四川的麻辣火锅、广东的海鲜火锅到香港的羊肉火锅，有着不同风格的火锅和不同口味的浓汤。根据空前的形容词different（不同的）及谓语动词are可知，此处应用可数名词style的复数形式。故填styles。
（4）考查可数名词单数。句意：不管你喜欢什么，中国火锅总有让你感兴趣的地方。空前有形容词性物主代词yur修饰，空处应填名词，prefer的名词形式是preference，表示"偏爱的事物；最喜爱的东西"，是可数名词，在让步状语从句中作主语，根据空后is可知，主语为单数形式。故填preference。
（5）考查现在分词。句意：游览重庆，你将有机会品尝到正宗的中国火锅。分析句子结构可知，在when引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语和be动词，visit和逻辑主语yu之间是主动关系，此处应用现在分词形式。故填visiting。
（6）考查冠词。句意：游览重庆，您将有机会品尝到正宗的中国火锅。pprtunity"机会"是可数名词，此处泛指"一次机会"，且pprtunity是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
（7）考查介词。句意：重庆火锅因含有四川辣椒而被称为麻辣火锅，其独特之处在于其肉和酱汁的类型。分析句子可知，此处是固定搭配due t，意为"由于"。故填t。
（8）考查过去分词。句意：重庆火锅因含有四川辣椒而被称为麻辣火锅，其独特之处在于其肉和酱汁的类型。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式，动词use与其逻辑主语sauce之间构成被动关系，应用其过去分词作后置定语，types f sauce used fr its base指"用作其底料的酱料类型"。故填used。
（9）考查副词。句意：火锅通常放在餐桌中央的一个金属碗里。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词作状语修饰动词served。故填typically。
（10）考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：由于锅里的汤快要煮到沸点，食材就被加入沸腾的浓汤中。分析句子结构可知，空处为主句谓语动词，主语the ingredients与动词add之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态；且上文时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时；the ingredients是复数形式，be动词用are。故填are added。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火锅这一中国的传统民间美食。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Terry，
Learning that yu plan t take a cycling trip arund the lake this weekend，I am writing t share sme practical advice with yu.【高分句型一】（写信目的）
In the first place，chse a rute with little r n traffic，which will reduce travel pressure，making cycling trip an easy jb.【高分句型二】Besides，it is wise f yu t wear suitable cycling clthes and bicycle helmet.Last but nt least，there is n dubt that it's a gd idea t prepare enugh fd and water，which will meet the supply f nutrients during cycling.（你的建议）
I wish yu will have a pleasant jurney!（你的祝愿）
Yurs， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Learning that yu plan t take a cycling trip arund the lake this weekend，I am writing t share sme practical advice with yu.
译文：得知你计划本周末骑自行车环湖旅行，我写信给你分享一些实用的建议。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语Learning that yu plan t take a cycling trip arund the lake this weekend作状语。
高分句型二：In the first place，chse a rute with little r n traffic，which will reduce travel pressure，making cycling trip an easy jb.
译文：首先，选择一条交通很少或没有交通的路线，这将减轻旅行压力，使骑自行车旅行成为一项轻松的工作。
分析：这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，现在分词短语making cycling trip an easy jb作状语。
这是一篇提纲类作文。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】"Bys，I baked a chclate cake，" Mrs Thmpsn walked int the garage.Catching sight f Mrs Thmpsn，the tw frze with fear and fllwed her step with racing hearts.A few minutes later，they were served with large slices f cake.Delicius as the cake was，they didn't have any appetite.【高分句型一】Mrs Thmpsn seemed t ntice smething was wrng， "Bys，d yu like the cake？" Paul ndded with his eyes drpping t avid any eye cntact and grwing guilt crept int his heart.（描写Thmpsn和孩子们的对话以及两个孩子见到Thmpsn太太后的反应）
When they were abut t leave，Mrs Thmpsn handed Paul a brand-new bat and glve.Paul lked at them，his face blushing with shame. " s much." Vice trembling，Paul then bravely pured ut everything abut the envelpe and gave back the mney he hid befre，aplgizing fr his stealing.Hwever，Mrs Thmpsn，instead f biling with anger，came up t Paul，and said gently： "Oh，thank yu fr helping me find the envelpe.I ttally frgt where I had put it." In that split time，it dawned n him that what really matters is simple hnesty and simple kindness.【高分句型二】（描写Paul看到崭新的球棒和手套时的反应、还钱后Thmpsn太太的反应和对孩子们的感谢，最后是Paul的思想认识）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Steve邀约Paul外出打棒球，而Paul答应妈妈帮Thmpsn夫妇打扫车库卫生，之后Steve提议一同干活然后再去玩。在打扫卫生时有信封掉落，孩子们发现大量现金，在Paul想据为己有时，Steve极力打消Paul的想法，之后Thmpsn太太为感谢孩子们的劳动送来了蛋糕，这让孩子们感到很羞愧，在即将离开时Thmpsn太太送给Paul一只崭新的球棒和手套来表达感谢，而Paul也终于意识到自己的错误从而还了钱。
高分句型一：Delicius as the cake was，they didn't have any appetite.
翻译：虽然蛋糕很好吃，但他们一点胃口也没有。
分析：本句运用了as引导的让步状语从句。
高分句型二：In that split time，it dawned n him that what really matters is simple hnesty and simple kindness.
翻译：在那段短暂的时间里，他明白了真正重要的是简单的诚实和简单的善良。
分析：本句运用了it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句，还运用了what引导的主语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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