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2022-2023学年浙江省诸暨市草塔中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题含答案
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这是一份2022-2023学年浙江省诸暨市草塔中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题含答案，文件包含浙江省诸暨市草塔中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题原卷版docx、浙江省诸暨市草塔中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共45页， 欢迎下载使用。
第I卷：选择题部分
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题申所的A、B、C二个选项中选出最佳选项，
并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有少钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍，
1.Where will the man sit?
A.Next t the wman.
B.Behind the wman.
C.Next t the wman’s friend.
2.Hw much des ne ticket cst?
A.$20. B.$40. C.$80.
3.What will the man d this Tuesday?
A.Deliver a speech.
B.Meet his lawyer.
C.Hld a cnference.
4.What can be inferred abut the girl?
A. She was ill in bed.
B.She passed the exam.
C.She is telling a lie.
5.What wuld the wman like t d with the package?
A.Wrap it by herself.
B.Have it delivered.
C.Take it with her.
第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题，
6.What is mst prbably the wman?
A.A mechanic.
B.A saleswman.
C.A student.
7.What will the wman d next?
A.Ask Jim fr help.
B.Use the man’s laptp.
C.Buy a new cmputer.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8.Where was the wman brn?
A.In America.
B.In Britain.
C.In Argentina.
9 What are the speakers prbably ding?
A.Catching up with each ther.
B.Having a jb interview.
C.Talking abut travel experiences.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10What’s the relatinship between the speakers?
A.Teacher and student.
B.TV hst and guest.
C.Classmates.
11.What language is the wman studying nw?
A.Spanish. B.French. C.English.
12.What helped the wman mst in learning freign languages?
A.Listening t the radi.
B.Studying in the university.
C.Traveling in these cuntries.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题，
13.Hw des the man feel abut flying?
A.Excited. B.Bred. C.Scared.
14.Wh has a driver’s license?
A.The man.
B.The wman.
C.Neither f the speakers.
15.What des the wman say abut traveling by bus?
A.It’s unpleasant and incnvenient.
B It’s great t see the scenery.
C.It’s exciting t meet ther passengers.
6.What means f transprtatin will the speakers take t get t Gergia?
A.The plane. B.The train. C.The car.
下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题，
17.What was the speaker’s feeling this mrning?
A.Excited. B.Tired. C.Nervus.
18.When did the 100-meter freestyle begin?
A.At 8:00. B.At 8:30. C.At 9:10.
19.What was the speaker a little disappinted at?
A The result f her cmpetitin.
BOther swimmers’ behavirs.
C.The judge’s instructins.
20.What was the scre f the speaker’s team?
A. 47 pints. B.50 pints. C.53 pints.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Depths f ur Earth hld great wnders. Belw we explre fur deepest places n Earth.
Veryvkina Cave, Gergia
Its entrance is lcated 2,285 meters abve sea level. In 2018, scientists reached its bttm at 2,212 meters dwn. They squeezed thrugh tiny penings t get frm ne cave t anther. Rckfalls and flds waited secretly at every turn. Scientists culd develp new medicines frm micrrganisms fund in cave samples. Caves als recrd ancient life and past climates.
The Mariana Trench, the Pacific Ocean
The Mariana Trench, with the maximum depth f 11,034 meters, is the deepest part f Earth’s surface. Pressure there is intlerable, but creatures like sea cucumbers (海参) still exist. Scientists explring it can gain deeper insights int hw plates mve and why earthquakes and vlcanes ccur.
The Dead Sea, the Middle East
The Dead Sea is the lwest pint n land at abut 1,400 feet (abut 400 meters) belw sea level. It’s nearly ten times saltier than cean water, s yu literally can’t sink in the Dead Sea! Scientists think it culd g dry in a few decades. Despite its name, the Dead Sea hlds life. A few kinds f algae (藻类) and bacteria lve its salty water.
Lake Baikal, Russia
At the depth f 1,642 meters, Lake Baikal is the deepest inland bdy f water. The Baikal seal is the nly knwn seal that lives in this wrld’s deepest freshwater lake. Scientists study the lake nt nly fr the slid stuff beneath it that recrds climate histry but because it’s in a zne where a plate is splitting apart, causing earthquakes.
1. What d we knw abut Veryvkina Cave?
A. It was discvered in 2018.B. Its pressure is far frm bearable.
C. It is risky t explre.D. Its samples are f little practical value.
2. Where shuld scientists g t better knw earth mvement?
A. Gergia & Russia.B. Russia & the Pacific Ocean.
C. Gergia & the Pacific Ocean.D. The Middle East & Russia.
3 What d the fur places have in cmmn?
A. They have sme sign f life.B. They are ver a thusand meters deep.
C. They are results f climate change.D. They are all belw sea level.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了世界上最深的四个地方。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Veryvkina Cave, Gergia部分中“Rckfalls and flds waited secretly at every turn.(岩崩和洪水暗地里伺机而动)”可知，探索Veryvkina洞穴很危险。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Mariana Trench, the Pacific Ocean部分中“Scientists explring it can gain deeper insights int hw plates mve and why earthquakes and vlcanes ccur.(科学家们探索它可以对板块如何移动以及地震和火山为什么会发生有更深入的了解)”以及Lake Baikal, Russia部分中“Scientists study the lake nt nly fr the slid stuff beneath it that recrds climate histry but because it’s in a zne where a plate is splitting apart, causing earthquakes.(科学家们研究这个湖不仅是因为它下面的固体物质记录了气候历史，还因为它处于一个板块分裂的区域，引发了地震)” 可知，要想更好地了解地壳运动，科学家们可以去马里亚纳海沟和贝加尔湖，即太平洋和俄罗斯。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Veryvkina Cave, Gergia部分中 “Scientists culd develp new medicines frm micrrganisms fund in cave samples.(科学家可以从洞穴样本中发现的微生物中开发出新药)”；The Mariana Trench, the Pacific Ocean部分中“Pressure there is intlerable, but creatures like sea cucumbers (海参) still exist.(那里的压力是无法忍受的，但像海参这样的生物仍然存在)”；The Dead Sea, the Middle East部分中“A few kinds f algae (藻类) and bacteria lve its salty water.(一些藻类和细菌喜欢它的咸水)”以及Lake Baikal, Russia部分中“The Baikal seal is the nly knwn seal that lives in this wrld’s deepest freshwater lake.(贝加尔湖海豹是唯一生活在世界最深淡水湖的已知海豹)”可知，这四个地方都有生命迹象。故选A。
B
Recently we celebrated my grandmther’s 90th birthday. Family members traveled t my hmetwn t visit her. This was the first time in many years that I had seen s many f them. Thugh this was an pprtunity t see family, many peple did nt make it. Hnestly, living far frm hmetwn, I had missed many family gatherings. But this ne made me realize hw much I was really missing.
It seemed strange when I was lking at the laces, realizing whm they were and greeting them with pen arms. After chatting fr a while, we caught up n each ther’s news. Several relatives suggested having a family reunin sn if everyne wasn’t s busy. But my grandmther’s generatin was much busier, yet still fund time t gather. They understd the imprtance f visiting ne anther. They knew time is flying and that thse yu care abut mst wn’t be here frever.
Tday, we fcus n ur careers and raising ur kids. Our extended family isn’t the center it nce was. Besides, we keep in tuch n scial media. But what we really miss are the ptat salad, the mments f laughter and sudden bursts f excitement when we hug smene we haven’t seen fr ver 10 years. Althugh the next get-tgether is always a year r s away, peple aren’t gds and everyne has an expiratin(到期)dale.
I left my grandmther’s party with a much better sense f wh I am and where I cme frm. I spent valuable time with peple wh cntributed t wh I am tday. I had frgtten hw much I lve them and I was reminded hw much I am lved.
4. Hw did the authr feel abut missing previus family gatherings?
A. Indifferent.B. Sad.C. Regretful.D. Annyed.
5. What d we knw abut the authr’s grandmther’s generatin?
A. They were carefree.B. They held family dear.
C. They tk time seriusly.D. They seldm visited family.
6. What des the authr mean by the last sentence in paragraph 3?
A. Family reunins mean n fun.
B. All gds dn’t have an expiratin date.
C. Peple are always t busy t get tgether.
D. We shuld see lved nes mre befre it’s t late.
7. Why des the authr write the text?
A. T cnvince readers t meet friends.
B. T share an interesting family reunin.
C. T stress the value f family gatherings.
D. T cmpare different generatins’ values.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加了祖母的家庭聚会，在聚会上一家人其乐融融，使作者对家庭聚会的意义有了更为深刻的理解。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Hnestly, living far frm hmetwn, I had missed many family gatherings. But this ne made me realize hw much I was really missing.(实话说，我因为离家远错过了许多家庭聚会，但这一次让我意识到了我真正地错过了太多东西)”可知，作者对之前错过家庭聚会感到后悔，故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“But my grandmther’s generatin was much busier, yet still fund time t gather. They understd the imprtance f visiting ne anther. They knew time is flying and that thse yu care abut mst wn’t be here frever.(但是我的祖母那一代人要忙得多，但是她们仍旧找时间聚会。他们懂得相互看望的重要性。她们懂得时光飞逝，而且你在乎的人不会永远都在)”可推理出，祖母那一代人很珍惜与家人相处的时刻，故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Althugh the next get-tgether is always a year r s away, peple aren’t gds and everyne has an expiratin(到期)dale.(尽管下一次相聚会在左右以后，但是人不是商品而且每个人都有终止日期)”可知，作者要表达的意思是每个家人都会离去，我们应该在家人仍在世的时候，珍惜你爱着的家人，故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I left my grandmther’s party with a much better sense f wh I am and where I cme frm.(我离开祖母的家庭聚会后，对于我是谁我从哪里来有了更好的理解)”可知，作者对家庭聚会有了更深刻的理解，写这篇文章意在强调家庭聚会的的重要性，故选C项。
C
“Sn, yu’re ging t have t mve ut!” cried my neighbr upn seeing the largest tmat plant knwn t mankind, r at least knwn in my neighbrhd.
One tiny 9-inch plant, bught fr $1.25 in the spring, has already taken ver much f my rse bed, cvering much f ther plants, and is well n its way t the frnt dr.
Rses require a gd deal f care, and if it weren't fr the pleasure they give, it wuldn't be wrth the wrk. As it is, I have a garden full f sweet-smelling rses fr mst f the year. bushes must be pruned(剪枝) in early spring, leaving ugly wdy branches until the new grwth appears a few weeks later. It was the space available(可用的) in the garden that led me int planting just ne little tmat plant. A big mistake.
Sil cnditins made just perfect fr rses turn ut t be even mre perfect fr tmates. The daily watering cupled with full sun and regular fertilizing(施肥) have turned the little plant int a tall bush. The cage I placed arund it as the plant grew has lng since disappeared under the thick leaves.
Nw the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twfld; First, I have t find the red nes amng the leaves, which means I almst have t stand n my head, and nce fund I have t reach dwn and under, pick the tmates and withdraw(缩回) my full fist withut drpping the prize s dearly wn. I fund tw full-blwn white rses cmpletely hidden as I picked tmates in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellw fr lack f light.
Here I am faced with a painful small decisin: T tear up a wnderful and prductive tmat plant that ffers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tmates each day r say gdbye t several expensive and treasured rses. Like Scarlett in Gne With the Wind, I'll think abut that tmrrw.
8. What are the requirements fr the healthy grwth f rse?
A. A lt f care and the right sil
B. Frequent pruning and fertilizing
C. Tmat plants grwn alngside
D. Cages placed arund the rts
9. The writer planted the tmat because .
A. it cst nly $1.25
B. the sil was just right fr it
C. there was rm fr it in the garden
D. the rses' branches needed t be cvered
10. This year the writer's rses were .
A. remved frm the rse bed
B. picked alng with the tmates
C. mstly damaged by t much sunlight
D. largely hidden under the tmat plant
11. By saying "the prize s dearly wn" in paragraph 5, the writer wants t .
A. shw the difficulty in picking the tmates
B. shw the hardship f grwing the rses
C. express her liking fr the rses
D. express her care fr the tmates
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了作者因为院里用空地，花了$1.25钱买了一棵西红柿苗，却影响了玫瑰花的成长，玫瑰花被盖在西红柿的苗下，找不着阳光，叶子发黄，并且给自己摘西红柿也带来了麻烦，一棵小小的西红柿竟然带来了这么大的麻烦这是作者没有想到的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Rses require a gd deal f care（玫瑰需要精心照料）”和文章第四段“Sil cnditins made just perfect fr rses（土壤条件非常适合玫瑰生长）”可知，玫瑰的健康生长需要大量的照料和合适的土壤。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“It was the space available in the garden that led me int planting just ne little tmat plant.（园子里的空间让我只种了一株小番茄。）”可知，作者种植西红柿是因为园中有空地用来种植一棵西红柿苗。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Sil cnditins made just perfect fr rses turn ut t be even mre perfect fr tmates. The daily watering cupled with full sun and regular fertilizing(施肥) have turned the little plant int a tall bush. The cage I placed arund it as the plant grew has lng since disappeared under the thick leaves.（适合玫瑰生长的土壤条件对番茄来说更完美。每天浇水，加上充足的阳光和定期施肥，这株小植物长成了一棵高大的灌木。当植物生长时，我在它周围放置的笼子早已消失在厚厚的叶子下。）”和文章第五段“I fund tw full-blwn white rses cmpletely hidden as I picked tmates in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellw fr lack f light.（六月，我在摘番茄的时候，发现两朵盛开的白玫瑰完全被遮住了，但它们很弱，叶子已经因为缺少阳光而变黄了。）”可推知，今年作者的玫瑰花大部分藏在番茄树下。故选D。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“Nw the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twfld; First, I have t find the red nes amng the leaves, which means I almst have t stand n my head, and nce fund I have t reach dwn and under（现在我在收获果实时面临着双重的任务;首先，我必须在树叶中找到红色的，这意味着我几乎要倒立起来，一旦找到，我就必须向下伸手）”可知，作者想要表明摘西红柿很困难。故选A。
D
Cmmercial airlines alne cntribute arund 3 percent f ttal glbal carbn emissins. But the industry is actively lking fr green slutins in the frm f sustainable (可持续发展的) airline fuel, and in ne case, that fuel may have had a previus life as yur husehld fd waste. In a study released this week in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences, researchers detail a methd f transfrming fd waste int sustainable airline fuel.
Bimass (生物质), such as animal and fd waste, can be transfrmed int bifuels, which are renewable liquid fuels made frm rganic matter. Derek Vardn, a senir research engineer at the Natinal Renewable Energy Labratry (NREL), says that their fuel wrked as a mixture f 90 percent cnventinal petrl airline fuel and 10 percent alternative airline fuel required by the industry currently. They als shw they culd push it t a 70/30 mixture with mre time and testing available.
Majr cmpanies are eager t participate in sustainable airline fuel because sme sustainable slutins, such as battery-perated cmmercial planes, just aren’t pssible yet with current battery technlgy. A battery-pwered plane wuld be t heavy t fly lng distances, s fuel that wrks in the same way as the fuel we have is a simpler way t trade ut emissin-heavy fssil fuels.
Vardn says that because the wet waste used in the prcess wuld nrmally g t a landfill (垃圾填埋场) and break dwn t release greenhuse gases, the prcess f making and using sustainable airline fuel culd actually have a negative carbn ftprint when scaled up.
Cmmercial airlines are als n bard t find an affrdable and sustainable slutin t the carbn-intensive prcess f air travel. Airlines are lking t hit aggressive sustainability gals by 2050, including decreasing net carbn dixide emissins by 50 percent.
12. Which f the fllwing is used fr sustainable airline pwer?
A. Bimass.B. Liquid fuel
C. Battery pwer.D. Fssil fuel.
13. Why are cmmercial planes still fuel-pwered?
A. Bifuel prves less cstly and easier t prduce.
B. It’s cnvenient t create the prper fuel mixture.
C Bifuel is envirnmentally friendly and sustainable.
D. Fuel-pwered planes are likely t travel lighter and farther.
14. What des the underlined phrase “n bard” in the last paragraph refer t?
A. Taking ff.B. Participating in.
C. Hlding a meeting.D. Appearing n stage.
15. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Alternative Energy t Fssil Fuel.
B. Hw t Get Fssil Fuel Sustainable.
C. Changing Fd Waste int Airplane Fuel.
D. Hw t Decrease Carbn Dixide Emissins.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在本周发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的一项研究：将食物垃圾转化为可持续航空燃料，该燃料有望给未来客机带来动力。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“In a study released this week in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences, researchers detail a methd f transfrming fd waste int sustainable airline fuel.( 在本周发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的一项研究中，研究人员详细介绍了一种将食物垃圾转化为可持续航空燃料的方法。)”和第二段第一句“Bimass(生物质), such as animal and fd waste, can be transfrmed int bifuels, which are renewable liquid fuels made frm rganic matter. (生物质，如动物和食物垃圾，可以转化为生物燃料，这是一种由有机物制成的可再生液体燃料。)”可知，生物质可以被转化为航空燃料。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“A battery-pwered plane wuld be t heavy t fly lng distances, s fuel that wrks in the same way as the fuel we have is a simpler way t trade ut emissin-heavy fssil fuels.( 电池驱动的飞机太重，无法飞很远的距离，因此，与我们现有的燃料工作原理相同的燃料，是一种更简单的方式，可以取代高排放的化石燃料。)”可知目前飞机仍然是燃料驱动的原因是，与电池驱动相比，燃料驱动的飞机更加轻便、飞得更远。故选D项。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句“ Airlines are lking t hit aggressive sustainability gals by 2050, including decreasing net carbn dixide emissins by 50 percent.(航空公司希望在2050年前达到积极的可持续发展目标，包括将二氧化碳净排放量减少50%。)”可知划线单词意为“（商业航空公司也）参与（寻找一种负担得、可起的持续的解决方案）”，n bard意为“参与”。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“In a study released this week in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences, researchers detail a methd f transfrming fd waste int sustainable airline fuel.(在本周发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的一项研究中，研究人员详细介绍了一种将食物垃圾转化为可持续航空燃料的方法。)”结合全文可知，文章主要讲述了研究人员正在努力将食物垃圾转化为可持续的航空燃料。所以C项“Changing Fd Waste int Airplane Fuel.(把食物垃圾变成飞机燃料)”作标题能概括全文主旨。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It can be hard t be enthusiastic abut yur jb after yu’ve been at it fr a while. This desn’t necessarily mean yu need a new jb. There are s many different things yu can try t help make yur present jb feel a little mre exciting.
Change yur rutine. ___16___ The first thing in the mrning fr yu t d is t check yur emails. D yu think yu really need t d s? Is there a reasn why teams always meet at a certain time? Start by questining the way yu’ve gtten used t ding things. ___17___
Dn’t be serius with yurself. It’s imprtant t take yur wrk seriusly, but that desn’t mean yu have t take yurself t seriusly. Happiness matters. ___18___ S, allw yurself t have sme laughs and sme fun with friends at wrk frm time t time.
Take a vacatin. Just because yu feel bred at wrk, that desn’t mean yu aren’t als super busy and maybe even stressed. Rutine tasks can be bth dull and stressful. Stress and tensin can affect feelings. ___19___ Maybe yu’d feel less bred at wrk after having a bit f time t relax yurself.
___20___ A really effective way t add a little freshness t yur life is t devte yurself t learning smething new every day. It desn’t have t be smething big, r smething hard. Yu culd just watch a Ted Talk vide abut a tpic that interests yu, fr example. It desn’t even have t relate directly t yur jb. Just learning ne new thing each day shuld help bring a little excitement t yur rutine.
A. Then, change it up a bit.
B. Learn smething new every day.
C. And, it’s imprtant t have fun at wrk.
D. Make mre friends while wrking hard.
E. Maybe a vacatin wuld d yu sme gd.
F. Yu dn’t have t quit yur ld jb t learn smething difficult.
G. One f the first steps tward shaking things up is t lk at yur daily pattern.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在工作一段时间后，人们很难再对工作充满热情。但是这并不一定意味着需要一份新工作，作者介绍了很多不同的方法使我们对工作更有激情。
【16题详解】
根据段首句“Change yur rutine.(改变你的日常生活)”可知，本段主要内容围绕着每日日常生活。再根据下文“The first thing in the mrning fr yu t d is t check yur emails. D yu think yu really need t d s? Is there a reasn why teams always meet at a certain time? Start by questining the way yu’ve gtten used t ding things.(早晨你做的第一件事是检查你的电子邮件。你认为你真的需要这样做吗？团队总是在特定的时间会面，这有什么原因吗？从质疑你习惯做事的方式开始)”可知，文章认为需要审视自己的每日日常。选项G“One f the first steps tward shaking things up is t lk at yur daily pattern.(改变现状的第一步就是看看你的日常生活模式)”与上下文一致。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据段首句“Change yur rutine.(改变你的日常生活)”以及空前“Start by questining the way yu’ve gtten used t ding things.(从质疑你习惯做事的方式开始)”可知，上文希望读者能够考虑之后稍作改变。选项A“Then, change it up a bit. (那么，稍微改变一下)”符合文意。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“It’s imprtant t take yur wrk seriusly, but that desn’t mean yu have t take yurself t seriusly. Happiness matters.(认真对待你的工作是很重要的，但这并不意味着你要太认真对待自己。幸福很重要)”以及下文“S, allw yurself t have sme laughs and sme fun with friends at wrk frm time t time. (所以，允许自己在工作中时不时地和朋友们一起开怀大笑)”可知，作者认为享受乐趣也很重要。选项C“And, it’s imprtant t have fun at wrk. (而且，在工作中享受乐趣很重要)”与上下文内容一致。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据段首句“Take a vacatin. (去度个假)”可知，作者建议在工作之余去度假。空后“Maybe yu’d feel less bred at wrk after having a bit f time t relax yurself. (也许在有一点时间放松自己之后，你工作时就不会那么无聊了)”推知，空处指出度假是一件让人放松的事情。选项E“Maybe a vacatin wuld d yu sme gd. (也许度假会对你有好处)”提议读者放个假，与下文内容一致。故选E。
【20题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段中心句。根据下文“A really effective way t add a little freshness t yur life is t devte yurself t learning smething new every day. It desn’t have t be smething big, r smething hard. Yu culd just watch a Ted Talk vide abut a tpic that interests yu, fr example. It desn’t even have t relate directly t yur jb. Just learning ne new thing each day shuld help bring a little excitement t yur rutine. (给你的生活增添一点新鲜感的一个真正有效的方法是每天致力于学习一些新东西。不一定是什么大事，也不一定是什么难事。例如，你可以看一个关于你感兴趣的话题的Ted Talk视频。它甚至不必与你的工作直接相关。每天只学一件新东西就能给你的日常生活带来一点兴奋)”可知，本段主要内容为，每天学点新东西。选项B“Learn smething new every day. (每天学点新东西)”与下文内容一致。故选B。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分/
第一节：(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Perhaps yu’ve heard the ld saying “curisity killed the cat.” It’s a phrase that’s ften used t ____21____
Peple — especially children — nt t ask t many questins. Yet it’s widely agreed that ____22____ actually makes learning mre enjyable and effective. ____23____, research has shwn that curisity is just as imprtant as intelligence in ____24____ hw well students d in schl.
Curisity als ____25____ us t embrace unfamiliar circumstances, brings excitement int ur lives, and pens up new pssibilities. Being curius requires us t be bth humble enugh t knw we dn't have all the answers, and cnfident enugh t ____26____ it. Asking the questins that help us ____27____ the gap between what we already knw and what we'd like t knw can lead us t make unexpected discveries.
In science, basic curisity-driven research — cnducted withut pressure t prduce immediate practical results — can have ____28____ and incredibly imprtant benefits. ____29____, ne day in 1831, Michael Faraday was playing arund with a cil (线圈) and a magnet (磁铁)_____30_____ he suddenly saw hw he culd generate an electrical current. At first, it wasn't clear what use this wuld have, but it actually made _____31_____ available fr use in technlgy, and s changed the wrld.
Unsurprisingly, there are chemical and evlutinary theries t _____32_____ why humans are such curius creatures. When we becme curius, ur brains _____33_____ a chemical called dpamine (多巴胺), which makes the prcess f learning mre pleasurable and imprves memry. It is still nt knwn why learning gives us such _____34_____, but ne thery is that we may have develped a basic need t fight uncertainty — the mre we understand abut the wrld arund us, the mre likely we are t _____35_____ its many dangers!
21. A. warnB. scldC. begD. rder
22. A. creativityB. intelligenceC. curisityD. imaginatin
23. A. As a resultB. In turnC. In additinD. In fact
24. A. checkingB. determiningC. discveringD. describing
25. A. allwsB. requiresC. cnvincesD. reminds
26. A. knwB. denyC. admitD. reprt
27. A. cverB. bridgeC. widenD. identify
28. A. unfamiliarB. unnecessaryC. unexpectedD. uncertain
29. A. Fr exampleB. In returnC. Fr ne thingD. On the ther hand
30. A. thenB. asC. whileD. when
31. A. cilB. electricityC. magnetD. energy
32. A. prveB. indicateC. explainD. understand
33. A. releaseB. reduceC. reprduceD. refresh
34. A. cmfrtB. pleasureC. excitementD. thrill
35. A. causeB. ignreC. faceD. survive
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了人类好奇心的作用以及根源。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个习语，常被用来警告人们，特别是孩子，不要问太多的问题。A. warn警告；B. scld责备；C. beg恳求；D. rder命令。根据下文“Peple — especially children — nt t ask t many questins.(人们——特别是孩子——不要问太多的问题)”可知，这是对人们，特别是对孩子的警告。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，好奇心能让学习变得愉快和高效，这一点被公认。A.creativity创造性；B.intelligence智力；C. curisity好奇心；D. imaginatin想象力。根据下文“research has shwn that curisity is just as imprtant as intelligence in 4 hw well students d in schl.(研究表明在决定学生学业方面，好奇心和智力一样重要)”可知，这里在说好奇心的好处。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，研究表明在决定学生学业方面，好奇心和智力一样重要。A. As a result 因此；B. In turn依次，轮流；C. In additin此外；D. In fact事实上。根据“research has shwn that”可知，研究已经表明好奇心的重要性。因此表达：事实上。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，研究表明在决定学生学业方面，好奇心和智力一样重要。A. checking检查；B. determining决定；C.discvering发现；D. describing描绘。根据上句“curisity is just as imprtant as intelligence”可知，好奇心和智力在决定学生学业方面同样重要。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：好奇心也允许我们欣然接受不熟悉的环境，给生活带来兴奋，打开新的可能性。A. allws允许；B. requires要求；C. cnvinces信服；D. reminds提醒。根据语境可知，此处讲好奇心允许做的一些事情。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：好奇要求我们要有足够的谦虚知道我们并非了解一切，要有充足的信心去承认这一点。A. knw知道；B. deny否认；C. admit承认；D. reprt报道。根据“Being curius requires us t be bth humble enugh t knw we dn't have all the answers(好奇要求我们要有足够的谦虚知道我们并非了解一切)”可知，我们要承认自己的不足。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：问问题能帮助我们在已知和未知之间架起一座桥梁，可以让我们有意外发现。A. cver覆盖；B. bridge架起桥梁；C. widen加宽；D. identify证明。根据“the gap between what we already knw and what we'd like t knw”可知，要在已知和未知之间架起一座桥梁。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在科学领域，基本的好奇心驱动的研究——在没有产生直接实际结果的压力下进行——可以带来意想不到的、难以置信的重要好处。A. unfamiliar不熟悉的；B. unnecessary没必要的；C. unexpected没料到的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据“incredibly(难以置信地)”可知，空格处表达的意思和incredibly 相近。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，在1831年的一天，Michael Faraday正在玩线圈和磁铁，突然他看见他怎样产生电流。A. Fr example例如；B. In return作为回报；C. Fr ne thing一方面；D. On the ther hand另一方面。根据下文“ne day in 1831”可知，此处在举例子。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：例如，在1831年的一天，Michael Faraday正在玩线圈和磁铁，突然他看见他怎样产生电流。A. then然后；B. as当……时候；C. while同时；D. when当……时候。固定句型was ding sth when...(正在做某事突然……)。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，这有什么用处不清楚。但是这让电可以被应用于技术，因此改变了世界。A. cil线圈；B. electricity电；C. magnet磁铁；D. energy能量。根据上句“hw he culd generate an electrical current.”可知，他能知道怎样产生电流。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不令人惊奇的是，化学和进化论可以解释人类为什么那么好奇。 A. prve证明；B. indicate暗示；C. explain解释；D. understand理解。根据“why humans are such curius creatures.(为什么人类是这么好奇的生物)”可知，空格处解释原因。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们感到好奇时，我们的大脑释放一种被叫做多巴胺的物质，这让学习变得愉快和提高记忆。A. release释放；B. reduce减少；C. reprduce重新生产；D. refresh恢复。根据生理学可知，多巴胺是大脑释放出的一种物质。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为什么学习给我们带来乐趣，这一点仍旧不清楚。A. cmfrt安慰；B. pleasure乐趣；C. excitement兴奋；D. thrill激动。根据上句“which makes the prcess f learning mre pleasurable and imprves memry. (这让学习变得愉快和提高记忆)”可知，多巴胺可以让人愉悦。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们对周围的世界了解越多，我们就越有可能从危险中幸存下来。A. cause引起；B. ignre忽略；C. face面对；D. survive幸存。根据下文“its many dangers”可知，认知世界有助于我们从危险中幸存下来。故选D。
第II卷：非选择题部分
第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Besides wrds, we use-bdy language t express ur thughts and pinins in ur interactin with ther peple. We can lean a lt abut ___36___ peple are thinking by watching their bdy language.
Bdy language ___37___ (vary) frm culture t culture. It is crucial ___38___ (use) bdy language in a way that is apprpriate t the culture ___39___ yu are. Fr example, making eye cntact-lking int smene’s eyes--in sme cuntries is a way t display interest. In ther cuntries, ___40___ cntrast, eye cntact is nt always apprved f.
The gesture fr “k” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan,“Ok” means mney, while in France, it means zer. Even the gestures we use fr “yes” and “n” differ arund the wrld. In many cuntries, ___41___ (shake) ne’s head means “n”, and ndding means “yes”. By ___42___ (cmpare), in Bulgaria and suthern Albania, the gestures have the ppsite meaning. There are als differences in hw we tuch each ther, hw clse we stand t smene we ___43___ (talk) t, and hw we act when we meet r part. Sme gestures seem t have the ___44___ (identify) meaning everywhere. Sme bdy language has many different uses. Perhaps the ____45____ (gd) example is smiling.
【答案】36. what
37. varies 38. t use
39. where 40. by
41. shaking
42. cmparisn
43. are talking
44. identical
45. best
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了肢体语言的文化异同。
【36题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我们可以通过观察人们的肢体语言来了解他们在想什么。分析可知，此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，应用连接代词what引导，指代事物。故填what。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：肢体语言因文化而异。本句描述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填varies。
38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：以适合你所在文化的方式使用肢体语言是至关重要的。分析可知，此处为“it+be+形容词+动词不定式”句型，应用不定式作真正主语。故填t use。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为culture，根据句意，应用关系副词where引导从句，作表语，表地点。故填where。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：相比之下，在其他国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可的。by cntrast“相比之下”是固定搭配。故填by。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在许多国家，摇头表示“不”，点头表示“是”。此处应用动名词作主语，表示经常性、习惯性的动作。故填shaking。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：相比之下，在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部，这些手势的意思正好相反。介词后应用其名词cmparisn(不可数)作宾语。故填cmparisn。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在我们如何触摸对方、与谈话对象站得有多近、见面或分手时的行为等方面也存在差异。根据前后文句意可知，此处应用现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作，“正在进行交谈”。故填are talking。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有些手势似乎在任何地方都有相同的含义。修饰名词应用其形容词。故填identical。
【45题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：也许最好的例子就是微笑。根据句意和定冠词the可知，此处应用其最高级作定语，修饰名词。故填best。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：(满分15分)
46. 假如你是学生李华，你向网站summerwrk.cm负责人Mr.Smith申请刊登在该网站关于暑假家庭护工（caregiver）的工作。请你写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 表达愿望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80-100之间；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am writing t apply fr the jb advertised n summerwrk.cm. I believe l am a gd/qualified candidate fr the jb. (I believe I am the right persn fr the jb)
While I have nt wrked as a caregiver befre, I have a lt f experience helping my father, wh uses a wheelchair, get in and ut f the car. What is mre, I am nt a bad ck and wuld be happy t clean the huse. I am a friendly persn wh gets alng well with peple (I have a pleasant persnality). I am hard-wrking and enthusiastic, and I am sure that I wuld bring these qualities t the jb. I wuld say I am a fast learner.
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd take my applicatin int cnsideratin. I lk frward t hearing frm yu sn.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求假如你是学生李华，你向网站summerwrk.cm负责人Mr.Smith申请刊登在该网站关于暑假家庭护工（caregiver）的工作。请你写一封申请信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
此外：What is mre→besides
友好的：friendly→amicable
勤劳的：hard-wrking→diligent
期盼：lk frward t→expect
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：What is mre, I am nt a bad ck and wuld be happy t clean the huse.
拓展句：What is mre, I am nt a bad ck and wuld be happy t clean the huse, which helps me t be cmpetent in this jb.
【点睛】[高分句型1] While I have nt wrked as a caregiver befre, I have a lt f experience helping my father, wh uses a wheelchair, get in and ut f the car. (运用了wh引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2] I am hard-wrking and enthusiastic, and I am sure that I wuld bring these qualities t the jb. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
第二节：(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When schl was ver, the day was fading and it started t drizzle(毛毛雨). I std at the schl gate, with a laded backpack n my shulders. It was Friday again: a weekend f jy with unlimited sleeping hurs and dinner curses specially made t my taste, a weekend at hme. I waved gdbye t my friends as they jumped int their fathers’ warm and cmfrtable cars. Curiusly, this gave rise t a disturbing feeling in me. It was nt exactly what they called jealusy, but smething like dismay(沮丧). I knew all I culd expect was an ld bike Mm wuld ride alng n, with the badly-iled chain creaking(嘎吱作响) against the wheel t annunce her arrival.
Every Friday when Mm came t pick me up fr the weekend, it was a mment full f great expectatin and great unease. I always felt my face burning as we rde ur way in and ut f the numerus cars and saw my friends’ faces sticking ut f the car windws. It was like stepping int a ballrm with beautifully dressed ladies and finding yurself in a smelly T-shirt.
T tell yu the truth, Mm is quite a headache nce in a while. She just lks a hmely middle-aged husewife. Being a practitiner f DIY, she knits mst f my sweaters, chiefly in ld styles. Whenever caught by sme curius classmates asking what brand my sweaters are, I’d frce a smile and reply in a half jking manner: hmemade.
I culdn’t remember when I started t find her such an embarrassment. As a little by, I relied n her s much. She had been wrking at hme, cking in the kitchen, knitting by the lamp r riding acrss twn t buy me a bk I badly needed. It had always been much fun riding with mm. But just nw there seemed t be smething standing between us, smething that made her s strange t me and me t her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Tday she shwed up in a raincat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mm tried t cver me with the back f the raincat again as a strm set in.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Tday she shwed up in a raincat. Seeing her standing in the heavy rain with all the bdy wet, I finally culd nt cntrl myself and shuted at her, “Why d yu lk s flustered? I dn’t need yu t take me hme. I feel ashamed t have a mther like yu!” Suddenly, Mm was shcked and silent. Maybe, she had never thught that I wuld have that feeling f her appearance and ur hme cnditin. She said nthing and just cvered the raincat n me. I pushed it away wildly.
Mm tried t cver me with the back f the raincat again as a strm set in. With a smile, she said, “Dear sn, I’m trying my best t earn ur living, and I’m sure that if we wrk harder, we will get whatever we want in the future.” Hearing her wrds, I felt embarrassed. I thught f the time when she knitted in the deep night and cked fr me in the early mrning. Yes, she had always been ding whatever she culd t make me live well. But I was still unsatisfied. I had knwn that if I wanted t get what thers had, I shuld spare n effrts t study hard and get it by myself.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述作者在同学们都是被爸爸们的汽车接回家的时候，他的妈妈却是骑着破旧自行车来接他，这让他感到很丢人，但一个大雨天的经历让作者认识到了自己的错误。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“今天，她穿着雨衣出现了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在看到他的妈妈穿着雨衣出现在学校门口的时候的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“暴风雨来临时，妈妈又试图用雨衣背面盖住我。”可知，第二段可描写作者在和妈妈交流之后，终于认识到了妈妈的辛苦，并且下定决心要通过自己的努力获得他想要的生活。
2.续写线索：看到妈妈——生气——朝妈妈吼叫——妈妈说话——认识到错误
3.词汇积累
行为类
①尽全力做某事：try ne’s best t d/ spare n effrts t d/d whatever ne can t d
②谋生：earn ur living/ make ur living
③做饭：ck/make fd
情绪类
①羞愧的：ashamed/abashed
②震惊的：shcked/surprised
【点睛】【高分句型1】Maybe, she had never thught that I wuld have that feeling f her appearance and ur hme cnditin.（由that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m sure that if we wrk harder, we will get whatever we want in the future.（由that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句和whatever引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型3】I thught f the time when she knitted in the deep night and cked fr me in the early mrning.（由when引导的定语从句）
【高分句型4】Yes, she had always been ding whatever she culd t make me live well.（由whatever引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型5】I had knwn that if I wanted t get what thers had, I shuld spare n effrts t study hard and get it by myself.（由that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句和what引导的宾语从句）
听力答案：1-5BBACB 6-10CACBA 11-15ACCAA 16-20BCBAA
第I卷：选择题部分
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题申所的A、B、C二个选项中选出最佳选项，
并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有少钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍，
1.Where will the man sit?
A.Next t the wman.
B.Behind the wman.
C.Next t the wman’s friend.
2.Hw much des ne ticket cst?
A.$20. B.$40. C.$80.
3.What will the man d this Tuesday?
A.Deliver a speech.
B.Meet his lawyer.
C.Hld a cnference.
4.What can be inferred abut the girl?
A. She was ill in bed.
B.She passed the exam.
C.She is telling a lie.
5.What wuld the wman like t d with the package?
A.Wrap it by herself.
B.Have it delivered.
C.Take it with her.
第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题，
6.What is mst prbably the wman?
A.A mechanic.
B.A saleswman.
C.A student.
7.What will the wman d next?
A.Ask Jim fr help.
B.Use the man’s laptp.
C.Buy a new cmputer.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8.Where was the wman brn?
A.In America.
B.In Britain.
C.In Argentina.
9 What are the speakers prbably ding?
A.Catching up with each ther.
B.Having a jb interview.
C.Talking abut travel experiences.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10What’s the relatinship between the speakers?
A.Teacher and student.
B.TV hst and guest.
C.Classmates.
11.What language is the wman studying nw?
A.Spanish. B.French. C.English.
12.What helped the wman mst in learning freign languages?
A.Listening t the radi.
B.Studying in the university.
C.Traveling in these cuntries.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题，
13.Hw des the man feel abut flying?
A.Excited. B.Bred. C.Scared.
14.Wh has a driver’s license?
A.The man.
B.The wman.
C.Neither f the speakers.
15.What des the wman say abut traveling by bus?
A.It’s unpleasant and incnvenient.
B It’s great t see the scenery.
C.It’s exciting t meet ther passengers.
6.What means f transprtatin will the speakers take t get t Gergia?
A.The plane. B.The train. C.The car.
下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题，
17.What was the speaker’s feeling this mrning?
A.Excited. B.Tired. C.Nervus.
18.When did the 100-meter freestyle begin?
A.At 8:00. B.At 8:30. C.At 9:10.
19.What was the speaker a little disappinted at?
A The result f her cmpetitin.
BOther swimmers’ behavirs.
C.The judge’s instructins.
20.What was the scre f the speaker’s team?
A. 47 pints. B.50 pints. C.53 pints.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Depths f ur Earth hld great wnders. Belw we explre fur deepest places n Earth.
Veryvkina Cave, Gergia
Its entrance is lcated 2,285 meters abve sea level. In 2018, scientists reached its bttm at 2,212 meters dwn. They squeezed thrugh tiny penings t get frm ne cave t anther. Rckfalls and flds waited secretly at every turn. Scientists culd develp new medicines frm micrrganisms fund in cave samples. Caves als recrd ancient life and past climates.
The Mariana Trench, the Pacific Ocean
The Mariana Trench, with the maximum depth f 11,034 meters, is the deepest part f Earth’s surface. Pressure there is intlerable, but creatures like sea cucumbers (海参) still exist. Scientists explring it can gain deeper insights int hw plates mve and why earthquakes and vlcanes ccur.
The Dead Sea, the Middle East
The Dead Sea is the lwest pint n land at abut 1,400 feet (abut 400 meters) belw sea level. It’s nearly ten times saltier than cean water, s yu literally can’t sink in the Dead Sea! Scientists think it culd g dry in a few decades. Despite its name, the Dead Sea hlds life. A few kinds f algae (藻类) and bacteria lve its salty water.
Lake Baikal, Russia
At the depth f 1,642 meters, Lake Baikal is the deepest inland bdy f water. The Baikal seal is the nly knwn seal that lives in this wrld’s deepest freshwater lake. Scientists study the lake nt nly fr the slid stuff beneath it that recrds climate histry but because it’s in a zne where a plate is splitting apart, causing earthquakes.
1. What d we knw abut Veryvkina Cave?
A. It was discvered in 2018.B. Its pressure is far frm bearable.
C. It is risky t explre.D. Its samples are f little practical value.
2. Where shuld scientists g t better knw earth mvement?
A. Gergia & Russia.B. Russia & the Pacific Ocean.
C. Gergia & the Pacific Ocean.D. The Middle East & Russia.
3 What d the fur places have in cmmn?
A. They have sme sign f life.B. They are ver a thusand meters deep.
C. They are results f climate change.D. They are all belw sea level.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了世界上最深的四个地方。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Veryvkina Cave, Gergia部分中“Rckfalls and flds waited secretly at every turn.(岩崩和洪水暗地里伺机而动)”可知，探索Veryvkina洞穴很危险。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Mariana Trench, the Pacific Ocean部分中“Scientists explring it can gain deeper insights int hw plates mve and why earthquakes and vlcanes ccur.(科学家们探索它可以对板块如何移动以及地震和火山为什么会发生有更深入的了解)”以及Lake Baikal, Russia部分中“Scientists study the lake nt nly fr the slid stuff beneath it that recrds climate histry but because it’s in a zne where a plate is splitting apart, causing earthquakes.(科学家们研究这个湖不仅是因为它下面的固体物质记录了气候历史，还因为它处于一个板块分裂的区域，引发了地震)” 可知，要想更好地了解地壳运动，科学家们可以去马里亚纳海沟和贝加尔湖，即太平洋和俄罗斯。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Veryvkina Cave, Gergia部分中 “Scientists culd develp new medicines frm micrrganisms fund in cave samples.(科学家可以从洞穴样本中发现的微生物中开发出新药)”；The Mariana Trench, the Pacific Ocean部分中“Pressure there is intlerable, but creatures like sea cucumbers (海参) still exist.(那里的压力是无法忍受的，但像海参这样的生物仍然存在)”；The Dead Sea, the Middle East部分中“A few kinds f algae (藻类) and bacteria lve its salty water.(一些藻类和细菌喜欢它的咸水)”以及Lake Baikal, Russia部分中“The Baikal seal is the nly knwn seal that lives in this wrld’s deepest freshwater lake.(贝加尔湖海豹是唯一生活在世界最深淡水湖的已知海豹)”可知，这四个地方都有生命迹象。故选A。
B
Recently we celebrated my grandmther’s 90th birthday. Family members traveled t my hmetwn t visit her. This was the first time in many years that I had seen s many f them. Thugh this was an pprtunity t see family, many peple did nt make it. Hnestly, living far frm hmetwn, I had missed many family gatherings. But this ne made me realize hw much I was really missing.
It seemed strange when I was lking at the laces, realizing whm they were and greeting them with pen arms. After chatting fr a while, we caught up n each ther’s news. Several relatives suggested having a family reunin sn if everyne wasn’t s busy. But my grandmther’s generatin was much busier, yet still fund time t gather. They understd the imprtance f visiting ne anther. They knew time is flying and that thse yu care abut mst wn’t be here frever.
Tday, we fcus n ur careers and raising ur kids. Our extended family isn’t the center it nce was. Besides, we keep in tuch n scial media. But what we really miss are the ptat salad, the mments f laughter and sudden bursts f excitement when we hug smene we haven’t seen fr ver 10 years. Althugh the next get-tgether is always a year r s away, peple aren’t gds and everyne has an expiratin(到期)dale.
I left my grandmther’s party with a much better sense f wh I am and where I cme frm. I spent valuable time with peple wh cntributed t wh I am tday. I had frgtten hw much I lve them and I was reminded hw much I am lved.
4. Hw did the authr feel abut missing previus family gatherings?
A. Indifferent.B. Sad.C. Regretful.D. Annyed.
5. What d we knw abut the authr’s grandmther’s generatin?
A. They were carefree.B. They held family dear.
C. They tk time seriusly.D. They seldm visited family.
6. What des the authr mean by the last sentence in paragraph 3?
A. Family reunins mean n fun.
B. All gds dn’t have an expiratin date.
C. Peple are always t busy t get tgether.
D. We shuld see lved nes mre befre it’s t late.
7. Why des the authr write the text?
A. T cnvince readers t meet friends.
B. T share an interesting family reunin.
C. T stress the value f family gatherings.
D. T cmpare different generatins’ values.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加了祖母的家庭聚会，在聚会上一家人其乐融融，使作者对家庭聚会的意义有了更为深刻的理解。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Hnestly, living far frm hmetwn, I had missed many family gatherings. But this ne made me realize hw much I was really missing.(实话说，我因为离家远错过了许多家庭聚会，但这一次让我意识到了我真正地错过了太多东西)”可知，作者对之前错过家庭聚会感到后悔，故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“But my grandmther’s generatin was much busier, yet still fund time t gather. They understd the imprtance f visiting ne anther. They knew time is flying and that thse yu care abut mst wn’t be here frever.(但是我的祖母那一代人要忙得多，但是她们仍旧找时间聚会。他们懂得相互看望的重要性。她们懂得时光飞逝，而且你在乎的人不会永远都在)”可推理出，祖母那一代人很珍惜与家人相处的时刻，故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Althugh the next get-tgether is always a year r s away, peple aren’t gds and everyne has an expiratin(到期)dale.(尽管下一次相聚会在左右以后，但是人不是商品而且每个人都有终止日期)”可知，作者要表达的意思是每个家人都会离去，我们应该在家人仍在世的时候，珍惜你爱着的家人，故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I left my grandmther’s party with a much better sense f wh I am and where I cme frm.(我离开祖母的家庭聚会后，对于我是谁我从哪里来有了更好的理解)”可知，作者对家庭聚会有了更深刻的理解，写这篇文章意在强调家庭聚会的的重要性，故选C项。
C
“Sn, yu’re ging t have t mve ut!” cried my neighbr upn seeing the largest tmat plant knwn t mankind, r at least knwn in my neighbrhd.
One tiny 9-inch plant, bught fr $1.25 in the spring, has already taken ver much f my rse bed, cvering much f ther plants, and is well n its way t the frnt dr.
Rses require a gd deal f care, and if it weren't fr the pleasure they give, it wuldn't be wrth the wrk. As it is, I have a garden full f sweet-smelling rses fr mst f the year. bushes must be pruned(剪枝) in early spring, leaving ugly wdy branches until the new grwth appears a few weeks later. It was the space available(可用的) in the garden that led me int planting just ne little tmat plant. A big mistake.
Sil cnditins made just perfect fr rses turn ut t be even mre perfect fr tmates. The daily watering cupled with full sun and regular fertilizing(施肥) have turned the little plant int a tall bush. The cage I placed arund it as the plant grew has lng since disappeared under the thick leaves.
Nw the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twfld; First, I have t find the red nes amng the leaves, which means I almst have t stand n my head, and nce fund I have t reach dwn and under, pick the tmates and withdraw(缩回) my full fist withut drpping the prize s dearly wn. I fund tw full-blwn white rses cmpletely hidden as I picked tmates in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellw fr lack f light.
Here I am faced with a painful small decisin: T tear up a wnderful and prductive tmat plant that ffers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tmates each day r say gdbye t several expensive and treasured rses. Like Scarlett in Gne With the Wind, I'll think abut that tmrrw.
8. What are the requirements fr the healthy grwth f rse?
A. A lt f care and the right sil
B. Frequent pruning and fertilizing
C. Tmat plants grwn alngside
D. Cages placed arund the rts
9. The writer planted the tmat because .
A. it cst nly $1.25
B. the sil was just right fr it
C. there was rm fr it in the garden
D. the rses' branches needed t be cvered
10. This year the writer's rses were .
A. remved frm the rse bed
B. picked alng with the tmates
C. mstly damaged by t much sunlight
D. largely hidden under the tmat plant
11. By saying "the prize s dearly wn" in paragraph 5, the writer wants t .
A. shw the difficulty in picking the tmates
B. shw the hardship f grwing the rses
C. express her liking fr the rses
D. express her care fr the tmates
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了作者因为院里用空地，花了$1.25钱买了一棵西红柿苗，却影响了玫瑰花的成长，玫瑰花被盖在西红柿的苗下，找不着阳光，叶子发黄，并且给自己摘西红柿也带来了麻烦，一棵小小的西红柿竟然带来了这么大的麻烦这是作者没有想到的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Rses require a gd deal f care（玫瑰需要精心照料）”和文章第四段“Sil cnditins made just perfect fr rses（土壤条件非常适合玫瑰生长）”可知，玫瑰的健康生长需要大量的照料和合适的土壤。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“It was the space available in the garden that led me int planting just ne little tmat plant.（园子里的空间让我只种了一株小番茄。）”可知，作者种植西红柿是因为园中有空地用来种植一棵西红柿苗。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Sil cnditins made just perfect fr rses turn ut t be even mre perfect fr tmates. The daily watering cupled with full sun and regular fertilizing(施肥) have turned the little plant int a tall bush. The cage I placed arund it as the plant grew has lng since disappeared under the thick leaves.（适合玫瑰生长的土壤条件对番茄来说更完美。每天浇水，加上充足的阳光和定期施肥，这株小植物长成了一棵高大的灌木。当植物生长时，我在它周围放置的笼子早已消失在厚厚的叶子下。）”和文章第五段“I fund tw full-blwn white rses cmpletely hidden as I picked tmates in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellw fr lack f light.（六月，我在摘番茄的时候，发现两朵盛开的白玫瑰完全被遮住了，但它们很弱，叶子已经因为缺少阳光而变黄了。）”可推知，今年作者的玫瑰花大部分藏在番茄树下。故选D。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“Nw the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twfld; First, I have t find the red nes amng the leaves, which means I almst have t stand n my head, and nce fund I have t reach dwn and under（现在我在收获果实时面临着双重的任务;首先，我必须在树叶中找到红色的，这意味着我几乎要倒立起来，一旦找到，我就必须向下伸手）”可知，作者想要表明摘西红柿很困难。故选A。
D
Cmmercial airlines alne cntribute arund 3 percent f ttal glbal carbn emissins. But the industry is actively lking fr green slutins in the frm f sustainable (可持续发展的) airline fuel, and in ne case, that fuel may have had a previus life as yur husehld fd waste. In a study released this week in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences, researchers detail a methd f transfrming fd waste int sustainable airline fuel.
Bimass (生物质), such as animal and fd waste, can be transfrmed int bifuels, which are renewable liquid fuels made frm rganic matter. Derek Vardn, a senir research engineer at the Natinal Renewable Energy Labratry (NREL), says that their fuel wrked as a mixture f 90 percent cnventinal petrl airline fuel and 10 percent alternative airline fuel required by the industry currently. They als shw they culd push it t a 70/30 mixture with mre time and testing available.
Majr cmpanies are eager t participate in sustainable airline fuel because sme sustainable slutins, such as battery-perated cmmercial planes, just aren’t pssible yet with current battery technlgy. A battery-pwered plane wuld be t heavy t fly lng distances, s fuel that wrks in the same way as the fuel we have is a simpler way t trade ut emissin-heavy fssil fuels.
Vardn says that because the wet waste used in the prcess wuld nrmally g t a landfill (垃圾填埋场) and break dwn t release greenhuse gases, the prcess f making and using sustainable airline fuel culd actually have a negative carbn ftprint when scaled up.
Cmmercial airlines are als n bard t find an affrdable and sustainable slutin t the carbn-intensive prcess f air travel. Airlines are lking t hit aggressive sustainability gals by 2050, including decreasing net carbn dixide emissins by 50 percent.
12. Which f the fllwing is used fr sustainable airline pwer?
A. Bimass.B. Liquid fuel
C. Battery pwer.D. Fssil fuel.
13. Why are cmmercial planes still fuel-pwered?
A. Bifuel prves less cstly and easier t prduce.
B. It’s cnvenient t create the prper fuel mixture.
C Bifuel is envirnmentally friendly and sustainable.
D. Fuel-pwered planes are likely t travel lighter and farther.
14. What des the underlined phrase “n bard” in the last paragraph refer t?
A. Taking ff.B. Participating in.
C. Hlding a meeting.D. Appearing n stage.
15. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Alternative Energy t Fssil Fuel.
B. Hw t Get Fssil Fuel Sustainable.
C. Changing Fd Waste int Airplane Fuel.
D. Hw t Decrease Carbn Dixide Emissins.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在本周发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的一项研究：将食物垃圾转化为可持续航空燃料，该燃料有望给未来客机带来动力。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“In a study released this week in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences, researchers detail a methd f transfrming fd waste int sustainable airline fuel.( 在本周发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的一项研究中，研究人员详细介绍了一种将食物垃圾转化为可持续航空燃料的方法。)”和第二段第一句“Bimass(生物质), such as animal and fd waste, can be transfrmed int bifuels, which are renewable liquid fuels made frm rganic matter. (生物质，如动物和食物垃圾，可以转化为生物燃料，这是一种由有机物制成的可再生液体燃料。)”可知，生物质可以被转化为航空燃料。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“A battery-pwered plane wuld be t heavy t fly lng distances, s fuel that wrks in the same way as the fuel we have is a simpler way t trade ut emissin-heavy fssil fuels.( 电池驱动的飞机太重，无法飞很远的距离，因此，与我们现有的燃料工作原理相同的燃料，是一种更简单的方式，可以取代高排放的化石燃料。)”可知目前飞机仍然是燃料驱动的原因是，与电池驱动相比，燃料驱动的飞机更加轻便、飞得更远。故选D项。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句“ Airlines are lking t hit aggressive sustainability gals by 2050, including decreasing net carbn dixide emissins by 50 percent.(航空公司希望在2050年前达到积极的可持续发展目标，包括将二氧化碳净排放量减少50%。)”可知划线单词意为“（商业航空公司也）参与（寻找一种负担得、可起的持续的解决方案）”，n bard意为“参与”。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“In a study released this week in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences, researchers detail a methd f transfrming fd waste int sustainable airline fuel.(在本周发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的一项研究中，研究人员详细介绍了一种将食物垃圾转化为可持续航空燃料的方法。)”结合全文可知，文章主要讲述了研究人员正在努力将食物垃圾转化为可持续的航空燃料。所以C项“Changing Fd Waste int Airplane Fuel.(把食物垃圾变成飞机燃料)”作标题能概括全文主旨。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It can be hard t be enthusiastic abut yur jb after yu’ve been at it fr a while. This desn’t necessarily mean yu need a new jb. There are s many different things yu can try t help make yur present jb feel a little mre exciting.
Change yur rutine. ___16___ The first thing in the mrning fr yu t d is t check yur emails. D yu think yu really need t d s? Is there a reasn why teams always meet at a certain time? Start by questining the way yu’ve gtten used t ding things. ___17___
Dn’t be serius with yurself. It’s imprtant t take yur wrk seriusly, but that desn’t mean yu have t take yurself t seriusly. Happiness matters. ___18___ S, allw yurself t have sme laughs and sme fun with friends at wrk frm time t time.
Take a vacatin. Just because yu feel bred at wrk, that desn’t mean yu aren’t als super busy and maybe even stressed. Rutine tasks can be bth dull and stressful. Stress and tensin can affect feelings. ___19___ Maybe yu’d feel less bred at wrk after having a bit f time t relax yurself.
___20___ A really effective way t add a little freshness t yur life is t devte yurself t learning smething new every day. It desn’t have t be smething big, r smething hard. Yu culd just watch a Ted Talk vide abut a tpic that interests yu, fr example. It desn’t even have t relate directly t yur jb. Just learning ne new thing each day shuld help bring a little excitement t yur rutine.
A. Then, change it up a bit.
B. Learn smething new every day.
C. And, it’s imprtant t have fun at wrk.
D. Make mre friends while wrking hard.
E. Maybe a vacatin wuld d yu sme gd.
F. Yu dn’t have t quit yur ld jb t learn smething difficult.
G. One f the first steps tward shaking things up is t lk at yur daily pattern.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在工作一段时间后，人们很难再对工作充满热情。但是这并不一定意味着需要一份新工作，作者介绍了很多不同的方法使我们对工作更有激情。
【16题详解】
根据段首句“Change yur rutine.(改变你的日常生活)”可知，本段主要内容围绕着每日日常生活。再根据下文“The first thing in the mrning fr yu t d is t check yur emails. D yu think yu really need t d s? Is there a reasn why teams always meet at a certain time? Start by questining the way yu’ve gtten used t ding things.(早晨你做的第一件事是检查你的电子邮件。你认为你真的需要这样做吗？团队总是在特定的时间会面，这有什么原因吗？从质疑你习惯做事的方式开始)”可知，文章认为需要审视自己的每日日常。选项G“One f the first steps tward shaking things up is t lk at yur daily pattern.(改变现状的第一步就是看看你的日常生活模式)”与上下文一致。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据段首句“Change yur rutine.(改变你的日常生活)”以及空前“Start by questining the way yu’ve gtten used t ding things.(从质疑你习惯做事的方式开始)”可知，上文希望读者能够考虑之后稍作改变。选项A“Then, change it up a bit. (那么，稍微改变一下)”符合文意。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“It’s imprtant t take yur wrk seriusly, but that desn’t mean yu have t take yurself t seriusly. Happiness matters.(认真对待你的工作是很重要的，但这并不意味着你要太认真对待自己。幸福很重要)”以及下文“S, allw yurself t have sme laughs and sme fun with friends at wrk frm time t time. (所以，允许自己在工作中时不时地和朋友们一起开怀大笑)”可知，作者认为享受乐趣也很重要。选项C“And, it’s imprtant t have fun at wrk. (而且，在工作中享受乐趣很重要)”与上下文内容一致。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据段首句“Take a vacatin. (去度个假)”可知，作者建议在工作之余去度假。空后“Maybe yu’d feel less bred at wrk after having a bit f time t relax yurself. (也许在有一点时间放松自己之后，你工作时就不会那么无聊了)”推知，空处指出度假是一件让人放松的事情。选项E“Maybe a vacatin wuld d yu sme gd. (也许度假会对你有好处)”提议读者放个假，与下文内容一致。故选E。
【20题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段中心句。根据下文“A really effective way t add a little freshness t yur life is t devte yurself t learning smething new every day. It desn’t have t be smething big, r smething hard. Yu culd just watch a Ted Talk vide abut a tpic that interests yu, fr example. It desn’t even have t relate directly t yur jb. Just learning ne new thing each day shuld help bring a little excitement t yur rutine. (给你的生活增添一点新鲜感的一个真正有效的方法是每天致力于学习一些新东西。不一定是什么大事，也不一定是什么难事。例如，你可以看一个关于你感兴趣的话题的Ted Talk视频。它甚至不必与你的工作直接相关。每天只学一件新东西就能给你的日常生活带来一点兴奋)”可知，本段主要内容为，每天学点新东西。选项B“Learn smething new every day. (每天学点新东西)”与下文内容一致。故选B。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分/
第一节：(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Perhaps yu’ve heard the ld saying “curisity killed the cat.” It’s a phrase that’s ften used t ____21____
Peple — especially children — nt t ask t many questins. Yet it’s widely agreed that ____22____ actually makes learning mre enjyable and effective. ____23____, research has shwn that curisity is just as imprtant as intelligence in ____24____ hw well students d in schl.
Curisity als ____25____ us t embrace unfamiliar circumstances, brings excitement int ur lives, and pens up new pssibilities. Being curius requires us t be bth humble enugh t knw we dn't have all the answers, and cnfident enugh t ____26____ it. Asking the questins that help us ____27____ the gap between what we already knw and what we'd like t knw can lead us t make unexpected discveries.
In science, basic curisity-driven research — cnducted withut pressure t prduce immediate practical results — can have ____28____ and incredibly imprtant benefits. ____29____, ne day in 1831, Michael Faraday was playing arund with a cil (线圈) and a magnet (磁铁)_____30_____ he suddenly saw hw he culd generate an electrical current. At first, it wasn't clear what use this wuld have, but it actually made _____31_____ available fr use in technlgy, and s changed the wrld.
Unsurprisingly, there are chemical and evlutinary theries t _____32_____ why humans are such curius creatures. When we becme curius, ur brains _____33_____ a chemical called dpamine (多巴胺), which makes the prcess f learning mre pleasurable and imprves memry. It is still nt knwn why learning gives us such _____34_____, but ne thery is that we may have develped a basic need t fight uncertainty — the mre we understand abut the wrld arund us, the mre likely we are t _____35_____ its many dangers!
21. A. warnB. scldC. begD. rder
22. A. creativityB. intelligenceC. curisityD. imaginatin
23. A. As a resultB. In turnC. In additinD. In fact
24. A. checkingB. determiningC. discveringD. describing
25. A. allwsB. requiresC. cnvincesD. reminds
26. A. knwB. denyC. admitD. reprt
27. A. cverB. bridgeC. widenD. identify
28. A. unfamiliarB. unnecessaryC. unexpectedD. uncertain
29. A. Fr exampleB. In returnC. Fr ne thingD. On the ther hand
30. A. thenB. asC. whileD. when
31. A. cilB. electricityC. magnetD. energy
32. A. prveB. indicateC. explainD. understand
33. A. releaseB. reduceC. reprduceD. refresh
34. A. cmfrtB. pleasureC. excitementD. thrill
35. A. causeB. ignreC. faceD. survive
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了人类好奇心的作用以及根源。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个习语，常被用来警告人们，特别是孩子，不要问太多的问题。A. warn警告；B. scld责备；C. beg恳求；D. rder命令。根据下文“Peple — especially children — nt t ask t many questins.(人们——特别是孩子——不要问太多的问题)”可知，这是对人们，特别是对孩子的警告。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，好奇心能让学习变得愉快和高效，这一点被公认。A.creativity创造性；B.intelligence智力；C. curisity好奇心；D. imaginatin想象力。根据下文“research has shwn that curisity is just as imprtant as intelligence in 4 hw well students d in schl.(研究表明在决定学生学业方面，好奇心和智力一样重要)”可知，这里在说好奇心的好处。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，研究表明在决定学生学业方面，好奇心和智力一样重要。A. As a result 因此；B. In turn依次，轮流；C. In additin此外；D. In fact事实上。根据“research has shwn that”可知，研究已经表明好奇心的重要性。因此表达：事实上。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，研究表明在决定学生学业方面，好奇心和智力一样重要。A. checking检查；B. determining决定；C.discvering发现；D. describing描绘。根据上句“curisity is just as imprtant as intelligence”可知，好奇心和智力在决定学生学业方面同样重要。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：好奇心也允许我们欣然接受不熟悉的环境，给生活带来兴奋，打开新的可能性。A. allws允许；B. requires要求；C. cnvinces信服；D. reminds提醒。根据语境可知，此处讲好奇心允许做的一些事情。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：好奇要求我们要有足够的谦虚知道我们并非了解一切，要有充足的信心去承认这一点。A. knw知道；B. deny否认；C. admit承认；D. reprt报道。根据“Being curius requires us t be bth humble enugh t knw we dn't have all the answers(好奇要求我们要有足够的谦虚知道我们并非了解一切)”可知，我们要承认自己的不足。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：问问题能帮助我们在已知和未知之间架起一座桥梁，可以让我们有意外发现。A. cver覆盖；B. bridge架起桥梁；C. widen加宽；D. identify证明。根据“the gap between what we already knw and what we'd like t knw”可知，要在已知和未知之间架起一座桥梁。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在科学领域，基本的好奇心驱动的研究——在没有产生直接实际结果的压力下进行——可以带来意想不到的、难以置信的重要好处。A. unfamiliar不熟悉的；B. unnecessary没必要的；C. unexpected没料到的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据“incredibly(难以置信地)”可知，空格处表达的意思和incredibly 相近。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，在1831年的一天，Michael Faraday正在玩线圈和磁铁，突然他看见他怎样产生电流。A. Fr example例如；B. In return作为回报；C. Fr ne thing一方面；D. On the ther hand另一方面。根据下文“ne day in 1831”可知，此处在举例子。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：例如，在1831年的一天，Michael Faraday正在玩线圈和磁铁，突然他看见他怎样产生电流。A. then然后；B. as当……时候；C. while同时；D. when当……时候。固定句型was ding sth when...(正在做某事突然……)。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，这有什么用处不清楚。但是这让电可以被应用于技术，因此改变了世界。A. cil线圈；B. electricity电；C. magnet磁铁；D. energy能量。根据上句“hw he culd generate an electrical current.”可知，他能知道怎样产生电流。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不令人惊奇的是，化学和进化论可以解释人类为什么那么好奇。 A. prve证明；B. indicate暗示；C. explain解释；D. understand理解。根据“why humans are such curius creatures.(为什么人类是这么好奇的生物)”可知，空格处解释原因。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们感到好奇时，我们的大脑释放一种被叫做多巴胺的物质，这让学习变得愉快和提高记忆。A. release释放；B. reduce减少；C. reprduce重新生产；D. refresh恢复。根据生理学可知，多巴胺是大脑释放出的一种物质。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为什么学习给我们带来乐趣，这一点仍旧不清楚。A. cmfrt安慰；B. pleasure乐趣；C. excitement兴奋；D. thrill激动。根据上句“which makes the prcess f learning mre pleasurable and imprves memry. (这让学习变得愉快和提高记忆)”可知，多巴胺可以让人愉悦。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们对周围的世界了解越多，我们就越有可能从危险中幸存下来。A. cause引起；B. ignre忽略；C. face面对；D. survive幸存。根据下文“its many dangers”可知，认知世界有助于我们从危险中幸存下来。故选D。
第II卷：非选择题部分
第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Besides wrds, we use-bdy language t express ur thughts and pinins in ur interactin with ther peple. We can lean a lt abut ___36___ peple are thinking by watching their bdy language.
Bdy language ___37___ (vary) frm culture t culture. It is crucial ___38___ (use) bdy language in a way that is apprpriate t the culture ___39___ yu are. Fr example, making eye cntact-lking int smene’s eyes--in sme cuntries is a way t display interest. In ther cuntries, ___40___ cntrast, eye cntact is nt always apprved f.
The gesture fr “k” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan,“Ok” means mney, while in France, it means zer. Even the gestures we use fr “yes” and “n” differ arund the wrld. In many cuntries, ___41___ (shake) ne’s head means “n”, and ndding means “yes”. By ___42___ (cmpare), in Bulgaria and suthern Albania, the gestures have the ppsite meaning. There are als differences in hw we tuch each ther, hw clse we stand t smene we ___43___ (talk) t, and hw we act when we meet r part. Sme gestures seem t have the ___44___ (identify) meaning everywhere. Sme bdy language has many different uses. Perhaps the ____45____ (gd) example is smiling.
【答案】36. what
37. varies 38. t use
39. where 40. by
41. shaking
42. cmparisn
43. are talking
44. identical
45. best
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了肢体语言的文化异同。
【36题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我们可以通过观察人们的肢体语言来了解他们在想什么。分析可知，此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，应用连接代词what引导，指代事物。故填what。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：肢体语言因文化而异。本句描述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填varies。
38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：以适合你所在文化的方式使用肢体语言是至关重要的。分析可知，此处为“it+be+形容词+动词不定式”句型，应用不定式作真正主语。故填t use。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为culture，根据句意，应用关系副词where引导从句，作表语，表地点。故填where。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：相比之下，在其他国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可的。by cntrast“相比之下”是固定搭配。故填by。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在许多国家，摇头表示“不”，点头表示“是”。此处应用动名词作主语，表示经常性、习惯性的动作。故填shaking。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：相比之下，在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部，这些手势的意思正好相反。介词后应用其名词cmparisn(不可数)作宾语。故填cmparisn。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在我们如何触摸对方、与谈话对象站得有多近、见面或分手时的行为等方面也存在差异。根据前后文句意可知，此处应用现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作，“正在进行交谈”。故填are talking。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有些手势似乎在任何地方都有相同的含义。修饰名词应用其形容词。故填identical。
【45题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：也许最好的例子就是微笑。根据句意和定冠词the可知，此处应用其最高级作定语，修饰名词。故填best。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：(满分15分)
46. 假如你是学生李华，你向网站summerwrk.cm负责人Mr.Smith申请刊登在该网站关于暑假家庭护工（caregiver）的工作。请你写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 表达愿望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80-100之间；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am writing t apply fr the jb advertised n summerwrk.cm. I believe l am a gd/qualified candidate fr the jb. (I believe I am the right persn fr the jb)
While I have nt wrked as a caregiver befre, I have a lt f experience helping my father, wh uses a wheelchair, get in and ut f the car. What is mre, I am nt a bad ck and wuld be happy t clean the huse. I am a friendly persn wh gets alng well with peple (I have a pleasant persnality). I am hard-wrking and enthusiastic, and I am sure that I wuld bring these qualities t the jb. I wuld say I am a fast learner.
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd take my applicatin int cnsideratin. I lk frward t hearing frm yu sn.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求假如你是学生李华，你向网站summerwrk.cm负责人Mr.Smith申请刊登在该网站关于暑假家庭护工（caregiver）的工作。请你写一封申请信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
此外：What is mre→besides
友好的：friendly→amicable
勤劳的：hard-wrking→diligent
期盼：lk frward t→expect
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：What is mre, I am nt a bad ck and wuld be happy t clean the huse.
拓展句：What is mre, I am nt a bad ck and wuld be happy t clean the huse, which helps me t be cmpetent in this jb.
【点睛】[高分句型1] While I have nt wrked as a caregiver befre, I have a lt f experience helping my father, wh uses a wheelchair, get in and ut f the car. (运用了wh引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2] I am hard-wrking and enthusiastic, and I am sure that I wuld bring these qualities t the jb. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
第二节：(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When schl was ver, the day was fading and it started t drizzle(毛毛雨). I std at the schl gate, with a laded backpack n my shulders. It was Friday again: a weekend f jy with unlimited sleeping hurs and dinner curses specially made t my taste, a weekend at hme. I waved gdbye t my friends as they jumped int their fathers’ warm and cmfrtable cars. Curiusly, this gave rise t a disturbing feeling in me. It was nt exactly what they called jealusy, but smething like dismay(沮丧). I knew all I culd expect was an ld bike Mm wuld ride alng n, with the badly-iled chain creaking(嘎吱作响) against the wheel t annunce her arrival.
Every Friday when Mm came t pick me up fr the weekend, it was a mment full f great expectatin and great unease. I always felt my face burning as we rde ur way in and ut f the numerus cars and saw my friends’ faces sticking ut f the car windws. It was like stepping int a ballrm with beautifully dressed ladies and finding yurself in a smelly T-shirt.
T tell yu the truth, Mm is quite a headache nce in a while. She just lks a hmely middle-aged husewife. Being a practitiner f DIY, she knits mst f my sweaters, chiefly in ld styles. Whenever caught by sme curius classmates asking what brand my sweaters are, I’d frce a smile and reply in a half jking manner: hmemade.
I culdn’t remember when I started t find her such an embarrassment. As a little by, I relied n her s much. She had been wrking at hme, cking in the kitchen, knitting by the lamp r riding acrss twn t buy me a bk I badly needed. It had always been much fun riding with mm. But just nw there seemed t be smething standing between us, smething that made her s strange t me and me t her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Tday she shwed up in a raincat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mm tried t cver me with the back f the raincat again as a strm set in.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Tday she shwed up in a raincat. Seeing her standing in the heavy rain with all the bdy wet, I finally culd nt cntrl myself and shuted at her, “Why d yu lk s flustered? I dn’t need yu t take me hme. I feel ashamed t have a mther like yu!” Suddenly, Mm was shcked and silent. Maybe, she had never thught that I wuld have that feeling f her appearance and ur hme cnditin. She said nthing and just cvered the raincat n me. I pushed it away wildly.
Mm tried t cver me with the back f the raincat again as a strm set in. With a smile, she said, “Dear sn, I’m trying my best t earn ur living, and I’m sure that if we wrk harder, we will get whatever we want in the future.” Hearing her wrds, I felt embarrassed. I thught f the time when she knitted in the deep night and cked fr me in the early mrning. Yes, she had always been ding whatever she culd t make me live well. But I was still unsatisfied. I had knwn that if I wanted t get what thers had, I shuld spare n effrts t study hard and get it by myself.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述作者在同学们都是被爸爸们的汽车接回家的时候，他的妈妈却是骑着破旧自行车来接他，这让他感到很丢人，但一个大雨天的经历让作者认识到了自己的错误。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“今天，她穿着雨衣出现了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在看到他的妈妈穿着雨衣出现在学校门口的时候的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“暴风雨来临时，妈妈又试图用雨衣背面盖住我。”可知，第二段可描写作者在和妈妈交流之后，终于认识到了妈妈的辛苦，并且下定决心要通过自己的努力获得他想要的生活。
2.续写线索：看到妈妈——生气——朝妈妈吼叫——妈妈说话——认识到错误
3.词汇积累
行为类
①尽全力做某事：try ne’s best t d/ spare n effrts t d/d whatever ne can t d
②谋生：earn ur living/ make ur living
③做饭：ck/make fd
情绪类
①羞愧的：ashamed/abashed
②震惊的：shcked/surprised
【点睛】【高分句型1】Maybe, she had never thught that I wuld have that feeling f her appearance and ur hme cnditin.（由that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m sure that if we wrk harder, we will get whatever we want in the future.（由that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句和whatever引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型3】I thught f the time when she knitted in the deep night and cked fr me in the early mrning.（由when引导的定语从句）
【高分句型4】Yes, she had always been ding whatever she culd t make me live well.（由whatever引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型5】I had knwn that if I wanted t get what thers had, I shuld spare n effrts t study hard and get it by myself.（由that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句和what引导的宾语从句）
听力答案：1-5BBACB 6-10CACBA 11-15ACCAA 16-20BCBAA
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