2023-2024学年重庆缙云教育联盟高二上学期11月月考英语试题含答案

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1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；
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4.全卷共10页，满分120分，听力部分另附纸张，本卷考试时间100分钟。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Need an airprt transfer (换乘) taxi in New Malden? Call New Malden Airprt Transfers nw t enjy the New Malden taxi service. We are best knwn as the specialists in Lndn’s airprt transfers. We serve all airprts f Lndn with ur prfessinal airprt transfer service.
Find Truble-free Taxi Service at Yur Fingertips
Whether yu are new t this city r just want t explre r reach yur particular destinatin in time, hire New Malden cars t save yur time. It desn’t matter whether yur flight is late r n time, ur taxis in the New Malden Airprt Transfers team will be there waiting fr yu.
New Malden Taxis Hld Many Benefits
We have been serving fr a lng time in the same field, and knwn fr intrducing reliable, friendly and persnal New Malden taxi service t ur custmers.
We ffer a cmpetitive price fr airprt transfers and are favred by users because f ur speedy, cst-effective, efficient and timely service. Our New Malden taxi service is pen 24 hurs a day, 365 days a year, s yu may call us whenever yu want.
Our drivers are highly trained and they can guarantee yu a first-class jurney.
Get Ready t Have an Amazing Experience
D let us knw abut yur taxi-related requirements fr the best service. Our expert in the New Malden Airprt Transfers team is nline t answer questins in case yu have any. Visit the fficial site t get mre infrmatin.
1. What is New Malden Airprt Transfers prbably?
A. A taxi prducer.B. Airprt luggage delivery service.
C. A transfer statin.D. A taxi cmpany.
2. Which is the feature f the New Malden taxi service?
A. It charges the lwest price.B. It can nly be bked nline.
C. It is available arund the clck.D. It can be enjyed all ver Lndn.
3. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T advertise the New Malden taxi service.B. T intrduce the benefits f different taxis.
C. T attract visitrs t tur arund New Malden.D. T stress the necessity f airprt transfer service.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了New Malden Airprt Transfers公司提供的出租车服务和服务优势等信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Need an airprt transfer (换乘) taxi in New Malden? Call New Malden Airprt Transfers nw t enjy the New Malden taxi service. We are best knwn as the specialists in Lndn’s airprt transfers. (在新马尔登需要机场换乘出租车吗？立即致电新马尔登机场接送服务，享受新马尔登出租车服务。我们是最有名的伦敦机场接送专家)”可知，New Malden Airprt Transfers提供出租车服务，是机场接送服务方面的专家。由此可知，这是一家出租车公司。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据New Malden Taxis Hld Many Benefits部分的“Our New Malden taxi service is pen 24 hurs a day, 365 days a year, s yu may call us whenever yu want. (我们的新马尔登出租车服务一年365天，每天24小时开放，所以您可以随时打电话给我们)”可知，该出租车服务是24小时全天候的。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Need an airprt transfer (换乘) taxi in New Malden? Call New Malden Airprt Transfers nw t enjy the New Malden taxi service. (在新马尔登需要机场换乘出租车吗？立即致电新马尔登机场接送服务，享受新马尔登出租车服务。)”可知，文章围绕New Malden Airprt Transfers展开，主要介绍了它提供的出租车服务、服务优势等。由此可知，文章的目的是为了宣传该公司的出租车服务。故选A项。
B
Many gardeners believe that “talking” t their plants helps them grw — it turns ut that they may nt be crazy after all. Accrding t the scientists frm the University f Exeter, plants may keep cmmunicating with each ther thrugh a secret “unseen” language.
Fr their experiment, the scientists picked a cabbage plant that is knwn t send ut a gas when its surface is cut. In rder t get vide evidence f the cmmunicatin, they changed the cabbage gene by adding the luciferase (荧光素酶), which is what makes fireflies (萤火虫) glw in the dark.
When the changed cabbage plant was in full blm, they cut a leaf ff with a pair f scissrs, and almst immediately, thanks t the luciferase, they culd see the plant sending ut “methyl jasmnate (茉莉酸甲酯)”.
While this was a knwn fact, what was surprising was the fact that the minute this gas began t give ut, the nearby cabbage plants seemed t sense sme kind f danger and started t send ut a gas that they nrmally have t keep enemies like caterpillars (毛虫) away.
What the scientists are nt sure is whether the plants are trying t warn the ther leaves r the near plants abut the danger — smething that will require further research. Hwever, the team, which is led by Prfessr Nick Smirnff, is quite excited abut the findings because this is the first time it has been prved that plants d nt live a passive life, but actually mve, sense and even cmmunicate with each ther.
4. What des the underlined wrd “they” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Gardeners.B. Plants.C. Scientists.D. Fireflies.
5. When the plant sent ut methyl iasmnate, which f the fllwing statements is NOT true?
A. The nearby cabbage plants seemed t sense sme kind f danger.
B. The nearby cabbage plants started t send ut a gas.
C. The nearby cabbage plants tried t warn the near plants.
D. The nearby cabbage plants cmmunicated thrugh a secret language.
6. Accrding t the experiment, plants __________.
A. dn’t live a passive lifeB. can feel pain when they are cut
C. can warm the ther leaves abut dangerD. can talk with each ther
7. Frm which is the text prbably taken?
A. A health magazine.B. A bilgy magazine.
C. A medical research paper.D. A travel brchure.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍科学家们通过实验发现，植物之间可能在通过一种看不见的语言进行交流。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据指代关系和划线词所在句“Many gardeners believe that “talking” t their plants helps them grw — it turns ut that they may nt be crazy after all.(许多园丁认为，与植物“交谈”有助于植物生长——事实证明，他们可能根本没有疯。)”可推知，指示代词they指代上文中的“gardeners”。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根第五段中“What the scientists are nt sure is whether the plants are trying t warn the ther leaves r the near plants abut the danger — smething that will require further research.(科学家们不确定的是，这些植物是否在试图警告其他叶子或附近的植物有危险——这需要进一步的研究。)”可知，“附近的卷心菜试图警告附近的植物。”是错误的表述。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“Hwever, the team, which is led by Prfessr Nick Smirnff, is quite excited abut the findings because this is the first time it has been prved that plants d nt live a passive life, but actually mve, sense and even cmmunicate with each ther.(然而，由尼克·斯米尔诺夫教授领导的研究小组对这一发现感到非常兴奋，因为这是第一次证明植物不是被动地生活，而是真正地移动、感知甚至相互交流。)”可知，实验表明植物不是被动地生活。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Accrding t the scientists frm the University f Exeter, plants may keep cmmunicating with each ther thrugh a secret “unseen” language.(据埃克塞特大学的科学家称，植物可能通过一种秘密的“看不见的”语言保持着彼此之间的交流。)”和最后一段中“Hwever, the team, which is led by Prfessr Nick Smirnff, is quite excited abut the findings because this is the first time it has been prved that plants d nt live a passive life, but actually mve, sense and even cmmunicate with each ther.(然而，由尼克·斯米尔诺夫教授领导的研究小组对这一发现感到非常兴奋，因为这是第一次证明植物不是被动地生活，而是真正地移动、感知甚至相互交流。)”可知，文章介绍了科学家们发现植物之间可能在通过一种“看不见的”语言进行交流，植物并不是被动地生活，它们有感知和交流。由此推知，本文很可能选自生物学杂志。故选B项。
C
A rbt with a sense f tuch may ne day feel “pain”, ‘bth its wn physical pain and sympathy-fr the pain f its human cmpanins. Such tuchy-feely rbts are still far ff, but advances in rbtic tuch-sensing are bringing that pssibility clser t reality.
Sensrs set in sft, artificial skin that can detect bth a gentle tuch and a painful strike have been hked up (连接) t a rbt that can then signal emtins, Asada reprted February 15 at the annual meeting f the American Assciatin fr the Advancement f Science. This artificial “pain nervus system”, as Asada calls it, may be a small building blck fr a machine that culd experience pain. Such a feeling might als allw a rbt t “sympathize” with a human cmpanin’s suffering.
Asada, an engineer at Osaka University, and his clleagues have designed tuch sensrs that reliably pick up a range f tuches. In a rbt system named Affett, a realistic-lking child’s head, these tuch and pain signals can be cnverted t emtinal facial expressins.
A tuch-sensitive, sft material, as ppsed t a rigid metal surface, allws richer interactins between a machine and the wrld, says neurscientist Kingsn Man f the University f Suthern Califrnia. Artificial skin “allws the pssibility f engagement in truly intelligent ways”.
Such a system, Asada says, might ultimately lead t rbts that can recgnize the pain f thers, a valuable skill fr rbts designed t help care’ fr peple in need, the elderly, fr instance. But there is an imprtant distinctin between a rbt that respnds in a predictable way t a painful strike and a rbt that’s capable f apprximating an internal feeling, says Damasi, a neurscientist als at the University f Suthern Califrnia. A rbt with sensrs that can detect tuch and pain is “alng the lines f having a rbt, fr example, that smiles when yu talk t it,” Damasi says.
“While that’s an interesting develpment it’s nt the same thing as a rbt designed t express sme srt f internal experience,” he says.
8. What d we knw abut the “pain nervus system”?
A. It is named Affett by scientists.
B. It is a set f cmplicated sensrs.
C. It is made up f small building blcks.
D. It cmbines sensrs and artificial skin.
9. What des the underlined wrd “cnverted” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. deliveredB. transfrmedC. cnnectedD. adapted
10 What des Damasi cnsider as an interesting develpment?
A. Rbts can talk t human beings.
B. Rbts can give unfreseeable respnses.
C. Rbts can detect pain and respnd accrdingly.
D. Rbts can express sme srt f internal feelings.
11. What can be the best title f the text?
A. Human feelings can be feltB. Machines becme emtinal
C. Rbts inch clser t feeling painD. Rbts will tuch the human heart
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人触摸传感技术的进步使能感受“疼痛”的有触觉机器人正在成为可能。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sensrs set in sft, artificial skin that can detect bth a gentle tuch and a painful strike have been hked up (连接) t a rbt that can then signal emtins, Asada reprted February 15 at the annual meeting f the American Assciatin fr the Advancement f Science. This artificial “pain nervus system”, as Asada calls it, may be a small building blck fr a machine that culd experience pain. (Asada在2月15日的美国科学促进会年会上报告说，安装在柔软的人造皮肤上的传感器可以检测到温柔的触摸和疼痛的打击，然后连接到一个可以发出情绪信号的机器人上。Asada称这种人工的“疼痛神经系统”，可能是一个可以体验疼痛的机器的小构件。)”可知，“疼痛神经系统”结合了传感器和人造皮肤。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“In a rbt system named Affett, a realistic-lking child’s head, these tuch and pain signals can be cnverted t emtinal facial expressins. (在一个名为Affett的机器人系统中，这些触摸和疼痛信号可以______为情感的面部表情。)”和第二段“Sensrs set in sft, artificial skin that can detect bth a gentle tuch and a painful strike have been hked up (连接) t a rbt that can then signal emtins, Asada reprted February 15 at the annual meeting f the American Assciatin fr the Advancement f Science. (Asada在2月15日的美国科学促进会年会上报告说，安装在柔软的人造皮肤上的传感器可以检测到温柔的触摸和疼痛的打击，然后连接到一个可以发出情绪信号的机器人上。)”可知，划线词所在的句子表示“在一个名为Affett的机器人系统中，这些触摸和疼痛信号可以转换为情感面部表情。Affett是一个逼真的儿童头部”，划线词cnverted意为“转化”。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A rbt with sensrs that can detect tuch and pain is “alng the lines f having a rbt, fr example, that smiles when yu talk t it,” Damasi says. (Damasi说，一个带有传感器的机器人可以检测触摸和疼痛，“就像一个机器人，当你和它说话时，它会微笑。”)”和最后一段““While that’s an interesting develpment, it’s nt the same thing as a rbt designed t express smesrt f internal experience,” he says. (他说：“虽然这是一个有趣的发展，但它与设计用来表达某种内在体验的机器人是不同的。”)”可知，Damasi认为机器人可以检测疼痛并做出相应的反应是一个有趣的发展。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A rbt with a sense f tuch may ne day feel “pain”, ‘bth its wn physical pain and sympathy-fr the pain f its human cmpanins. Such tuchy-feely rbts are still far ff, but advances in rbtic tuch-sensing are bringing that pssibility clser t reality. (有触觉的机器人也许有一天能感受到“疼痛”，既能感受到自身的疼痛，也能同情人类同伴的痛苦。这种有触觉的机器人还很遥远，但机器人触摸传感技术的进步正使这种可能性更接近现实。)”以及下文的描述，可知，本文主要介绍了机器人触摸传感技术的进步使能感受“疼痛”的有触觉机器人正在成为可能，因此本文的最佳标题是选项C“Rbts inch clser t feeling pain(机器人慢慢地会感受疼痛)”。故选C。
D
Every language has a certain rhythm (节奏) and a certain way f appraching things r thinking abut them. Learning r frgetting a language is thus nt nly abut having r lsing a means f cmmunicatin. It is abut seeing an entire culture either appear r fade away.
Frm the very first day f schl, many schlchildren have the experience f discvering ne language — and the wrld f ideas which cmes with it —and frgetting anther ne: the language they have knwn since infancy(婴儿期). Wrldwide, fur ut f ten students d nt have access t educatin in the language they speak r understand best; as a result, the fundatin fr their learning is fragile.
This distancing frm the mther tngue affects us all, fr the diversity f language is the cmmn gd. And the prtectin f it is a duty.
Technlgy can prvide new tls fr prtecting the diversity f language. Such tls, fr example, encuraging their spread and analysis, allw us t recrd and preserve languages which smetimes exist nly in ral (口头的) frm. Put simply, they make lcal languages a shared heritage.
Hwever, because the Internet pses a risk f unifrmizatin (一致化), we must als be aware that technlgical prgress will serve plurilingualism(多语主义) nly when we make the effrt t ensure that it des. The designing f digital tls in several languages, the supprting f media develpment, and the supprting f access t cnnectivity all need t be dne s that peple can discver different languages withut giving up their mther tngues.
The Internatinal Decade f Indigenus Languages, which began this year, shuld, by directing the effrts f researchers, bradcasters and speakers, push ahead with the prtectin f these invaluable surces f knw-hw and wrldviews. As the lead agency fr Decade-related wrk, UNESCO is fully cmmitted t this cause.
On this Internatinal Mther Language Day, I thus call n everyne able t d s t defend the diversity f language and culture, which makes up the cmmn grammar f ur shared humanity.
12. What d we knw frm paragraph 1?
A. Learning a new language isn’t easy.
B. Sme ideas in languages are ften misread.
C. A language reflects the philsphy f its culture.
D. Different languages are independent f each ther.
13. What des the underlined wrd “fragile” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Insecure.B. Unfair.C. Satisfactry.D. Nticeable.
14. What des the authr advise tech cmpanies t d?
A. Keep track f Internet users.
B. Develp tls supprting multiple languages.
C. Make their every prgress knwn t the public.
D. Lk fr talented speakers f different languages.
15. What is the authr’s appeal t everyne?
A. Prtecting mther tngues.
B. Learning mre than ne language.
C. Having a gd understanding f grammar.
D. Learning abut the develpment f languages.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。是一篇在国际母语日的致辞，号召大家要保护好自己的母语。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Learning r frgetting a language is thus nt nly abut having r lsing a means f cmmunicatin. It is abut seeing an entire culture either appear r fade away. (因此，学习或忘记一门语言不仅仅是拥有或失去一种交流手段。而是直面一整个文化的出现或逝去)”可知，语言不光是一种交流手段，语言是还能够反应其某种文化的。故选C。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。第二段提示词“as a result”表明划线词所在句子和前文构成因果关系。根据划线词前“Wrldwide, fur ut f ten students d nt have access t educatin in the language they speak r understand best. (在世界范围内，全世界每10名学生中就有4人无法获得以自己最能表达或理解的语言所提供的教育)”可知，他们无法获得以自己最能表达或理解的语言所提供的教育，导致的结果是他们的学习基础是“薄弱的，不牢靠的”，所以划线词fragile的意思和insecure意思相近。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The designing f digital tls in several languages, the supprting f media develpment, and the supprting f access t cnnectivity all need t be dne s that peple can discver different languages withut giving up their mther tngues. (设计多种语言的数字工具，支持媒体发展，支持连接，这些都需要做，这样人们就可以在不放弃母语的情况下发现不同的语言)”可知作者建议技术公司去研发多语言的数字工具。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“On this Internatinal Mther Language Day, I thus call n everyne able t d s t defend the diversity f language and culture, which makes up the cmmn grammar f ur shared humanity. (值此国际母语日之际，我呼吁所有有能力的人捍卫语言和文化的多样性，它们构成了我们共同人类的共同语法)”并结合第三段“This distancing frm the mther tngue affects us all, fr the diversity f language is the cmmn gd. And the prtectin f it is a duty. (这种与母语的距离影响到我们所有人，因为语言的多样性是共同的利益。保护它是一种责任)”可知作者呼吁要保护自己的母语，共同维护语言多样性。故选A。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
G n a 15-minute Tur
Didn’t smene say that life is abut the jurney, nt the destinatin? ___16___ when yu are fcused nly n getting t the next meeting, starting yur next class perid, r hurrying t send an email, yu’re missing all f the peple between Pints A and B.
T cmmit sme time t the jurney, take sme time t walk arund where yu wrk and ntice yur surrundings. ___17___ Als, sme f the smaller yet critical scial clues that exist right under yur nse will be cncentrated n again.
___18___ Things t lk fr include the lk and feel f peple’s wrk spaces, the timing f when different peple mve arund the ffice, and which peple seek interactin versus thse wh stay at their desks all day.
After yur first bservatin tur, select a different day t tur yur wrkspace fr mds. Other peple’s mds can prvide yu with critical clues abut hw things are ging. ___19___ Fcus n what yu see, hear, and pick up n in ther peple.
Schedule 15 minutes t tur yur wrkplace twice a week fr a mnth and be sure t avid making t many assumptins r cnclusins — just simply bserve. ___20___
A. Yu’ll be amazed at what yu see alng the way.
B. Spare a little time t clsely mnitr each persn’s prgress.
C. Ntice what peple may be feeling when yu drp by t talk briefly.
D. During any wrkday, take just 15 minutes t bserve neglected things.
E. Yu generally lve the breathtaking landscape and peple’s perfrmances.
F. Ging n a shrt tur will help yu get in tune with ther peple and their emtins.
G. T becme scially aware, remember t enjy the jurney and ntice peple alng the way.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个关于社交意识的建议，即在工作时间中抽出15分钟的时间，对自己所处的工作场所进行观察和考察，以便更好地了解周围人的情况、情绪和活动，并且享受旅程中的乐趣。文章同时也强调了观察过程中不要过于臆断或武断，而是保持客观的态度进行观察。
【16题详解】
根据后文“when yu are fcused nly n getting t the next meeting, starting yur next class perid, r hurrying t send an email, yu’re missing all f the peple between Pints A and B.(当你只想着参加下一个会议，开始下一节课，或者赶着发邮件时，你就会错过A点和B点之间的所有人)”可知，此处强调在人生的旅途中，如果只想着参加下一个会议，开始下一节课，或者赶着发邮件，你会错过很多东西。前文应该指出要避免这样的行为应该怎样做。G选项“T becme scially aware, remember t enjy the jurney and ntice peple alng the way.(要有社会意识，记得享受旅程，注意沿途的人)”指出，避免错过人生旅途中的风景就要有社会意识，享受旅程，注意沿途的人，符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据前文“T cmmit sme time t the jurney, take sme time t walk arund where yu wrk and ntice yur surrundings. (为了在旅途中花点时间，花点时间在你工作的地方走走，注意一下周围的环境)”可知，此处强调在人生旅途中要花点时间在你工作的地方走走，注意一下周围的环境。后文应该指出这样做带来的好处。F选项“Ging n a shrt tur will help yu get in tune with ther peple and their emtins.(短暂的旅行将帮助你与他人和他们的情绪保持一致)”承接前文，指出花点时间在你工作的地方走走，注意一下周围的环境，将帮助你与他人和他们的情绪保持一致，符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据后文“ Things t lk fr include the lk and feel f peple’s wrk spaces, the timing f when different peple mve arund the ffice, and which peple seek interactin versus thse wh stay at their desks all day.(需要注意的事项包括人们工作空间的外观和感觉，不同人在办公室走动的时间，以及哪些人寻求互动，而哪些人则整天坐在办公桌前)”可知，此处陈述的是拿出时间观看的具体事物。D选项“During any wrkday, take just 15 minutes t bserve neglected things.(在任何工作日，花15分钟观察被忽视的事情)”中的neglected things与后文中具体观察的事物形成呼应，即花15分钟观察被忽视的事情——人们工作空间的外观和感觉，不同人在办公室走动的时间，以及哪些人寻求互动，而哪些人则整天坐在办公桌前。D选项符合语境。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Other peple’s mds can prvide yu with critical clues abut hw things are ging. (别人的情绪可以为你提供事情进展的关键线索)”可知，此处强调观察别人情绪可以为你提供事情进展的关键线索。C选项“Ntice what peple may be feeling when yu drp by t talk briefly.(当你顺道拜访时，注意一下别人的感受)”承接前文，构成因果关系即因为观察别人情绪可以为你提供事情进展的关键线索，所以当你顺道拜访时，注意一下别人的感受。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Schedule 15 minutes t tur yur wrkplace twice a week fr a mnth and be sure t avid making t many assumptins r cnclusins — just simply bserve.(在一个月的时间里，每周安排两次15分钟参观你的工作场所，确保不要做太多的假设或结论——只是简单地观察)”可知，此处强调在一个月的时间里，每周安排两次15分钟参观你的工作场所，后文应该提出这样做的结果和影响。A选项“Yu’ll be amazed at what yu see alng the way.(你会惊讶于你一路上所看到的)”承接前文，指出每周安排两次15分钟参观你的工作场所，则你会惊讶于你一路上所看到的，A选项符合语境。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Histry suggests that scieties generally verestimate the shrt-term implicatins f new technlgies while underestimating lnger-term nes. Current experience with artificial intelligence — the technlgy enabled by machine-learning — suggests we are getting it ___21___ this time. There’s t much talk abut the ptential “___22___ risk” t humanity psed by AI, and t little abut ur experience f it s far and crprate plans fr expliting the technlgy.
Althugh AI has been hiding in plain sight fr a decade, it tk mst peple by surprise. The appearance f ChatGPT last Nvember signaled that the wrld had discvered a pwerful new technlgy. Nt fr nthing is this new “generative AI” called “___23___”: it prvides the base n which the next wave f digital innvatin will be built.
It is als transfrmatinal in innumerable ways: it weakens centuries-ld cnceptins f intellectual prperty, ___24___, and it has the ptential radically t increase prductivity, reshape industries, change the nature f sme kinds f wrk and s n. On tp f that, thugh, it als raises trubling questins abut the ___25___ f humans and their capabilities.
The cntinuing dispute between the Hllywd studis and screenwriters’ and actrs’ unins perfectly illustrates the ___26___ f the challenges psed by AI. Bth grups are up in arms abut the way nline streaming has reduced their earnings. But the writers als fear their rle will be ___27___ simply t rewriting AI-generated scripts; and actrs are cncerned that detailed digital scanning ___28___ by new mvie cntracts will allw studis t create persuasive deepfakes f them that studis will be able t wn and use “fr the rest f eternity (永久), in any prject they want, with n permissin and n cmpensatin”.
S the key questin fr demcracies is: hw can we ensure AI is used fr human flurishing ___29___ crprate gain? On this questin the news frm ___30___ is nt gd. A recent study by tw renwned ecnmists, Darn Acemglu and Simn Jhnsn, f 1,000 years f technlgical prgress shws that althugh sme benefits have usually trickled (流) dwn t the ___31___, the rewards have — with ne exceptin — invariably gne t thse wh wn and cntrl the technlgy.
The “___32___” was a perid in which demcracies fstered cuntervailing pwers (抵消力量) — civil-sciety rganisatins, free media, activists, trade unins and ther prgressive, technically infrmed institutins that supplied a steady flw f ideas abut hw technlgy culd be repurpsed fr ___33___ rather than exclusively fr private prfit. This is the lessn frm histry that scieties cnfrnted by the AI challenge need t relearn.
There are sme signs that gvernments may finally have realized the prblem. The EU, fr example, has an ambitius and far-reaching AI Act that is making its way thrugh the unin’s prcesses. In the US, the Biden administratin recently published a “Blueprint fr an AI Bill f Rights”, which lks impressive but is ___34___ just a list f aspiratins that sme f the big tech cmpanies claim t share.
It’s a start — prvided gvernments dn’t frget that leaving the implementatin f pwerful new technlgies slely t crpratins is always a(n) ___35___ idea.
21. A. the ther way rundB. all the way backC. ne way r the therD. just in the way
22. A. ecnmicalB. existentialC. ecnmicD. cmmercial
23. A. distinguishedB. prsperusC. pineeringD. fundatinal
24. A. fr exampleB. by cntrastC. in turnD. at mst
25. A. prspectsB. inspiratinsC. virtuesD. uniqueness
26. A. riginB. extentC. implicatinD. cnstitutin
27. A. creditedB. attributedC. reducedD. expsed
28. A. enabledB. facilitatedC. implementedD. pssessed
29. A. as well asB. in exchange frC. rather thanD. as ppsed t
30. A. scietyB. frntierC. pressD. histry
31. A. crpratinsB. massesC. gvernmentsD. industries
32. A. exceptinB. reminderC. utcmeD. benefit
33. A. scientific discveriesB. energy cnservatinC. scial gdD. jb security
34. A. suppsedlyB. essentiallyC. necessarilyD. cmmnly
35. A. impressiveB. sensibleC. utdatedD. bad
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要讲述了人工智能发展对人类的影响，以及民主国家在面对人工智能挑战时，如何确保人工智能的使用为人类繁荣而不是企业获利的关键问题。
【21题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：目前人工智能(由机器学习实现的技术)的经验表明，这一次我们得到了相反的结果。A. the ther way rund反过来；B. all the way back一路返回；C. ne way r the ther不管怎样；D. just in the way妨碍，挡道。根据后文“There’s t much talk abut the ptential “ 2 risk” t humanity psed by AI, and t little abut ur experience f it s far and crprate plans fr expliting the technlgy.”可知，对于人工智能，对长期影响讨论的多，但是对人工智能的体验和企业开发这项技术的计划却太少了，也就是短期计划太少，所以是相反的结果。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关于人工智能给人类带来的潜在“生存风险”的讨论太多了，而关于我们迄今为止对人工智能的体验和企业开发这项技术的计划却太少了。A. ecnmical经济的；B. existential与人类存在有关的；C. ecnmic经济的；D. cmmercial商业的。根据前文“There’s t much talk abut the ptential”以及后文“t humanity psed by AI”结合选项与实际可知，人们一直在谈论人工智能消灭人类的风险，也就是与人类存在有关的风险。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种新的“生成式人工智能”被称为“基础性的”并非没有道理：它为下一波数字创新提供了基础。A. distinguished杰出的；B. prsperus繁荣的；C. pineering开拓性的；D. fundatinal基础的。根据后文“it prvides the base n which the next wave f digital innvatin will be built”可知，ChatGPT提供了基础，所以是基础的。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：它也在无数方面具有变革性：例如，它削弱了几个世纪以来对知识产权的概念，它有可能从根本上提高生产率，重塑行业，改变某些工作的性质等等。A. fr example例如；B. by cntrast相比之下；C. in turn依次；D. at mst至多。根据前文“It is als transfrmatinal in innumerable ways: it weakens centuries-ld cnceptins f intellectual prperty”以及后文“it has the ptential radically t increase prductivity, reshape industries, change the nature f sme kinds f wrk and s n.”可知，这些都是在为变革性举例子。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，最重要的是，它也提出了关于人类独特性及其能力的令人不安的问题。A. prspects前景；B. inspiratins灵感；C. virtues美德；D. uniqueness独特性。根据后文“The cntinuing dispute between the Hllywd studis and screenwriters’ and actrs’ unins”作者以好莱坞电影工作室与编剧和演员工会之间的持续争议举例，来说AI可能会代替写剧本和演员表演，而这些，之前只有人能作，也就是人类独特性的问题。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：好莱坞电影工作室与编剧和演员工会之间的持续争议完美地展示了人工智能所带来挑战的广泛程度。A. rigin起源；B. extent程度；C. implicatin可能的影响；D. cnstitutin宪法。根据后文“the challenges psed by AI”结合选项，可知此处应是固定搭配：the extent f challenges意为“挑战的程度”符合语境。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但编剧们也担心，他们的角色将被简化为改写人工智能生成的剧本。A. credited把…记入贷方；B. attributed把…归因于；C. reduced减少；D. expsed暴露。根据后文“rewriting AI-generated scripts”结合选项可知，此处应是固定搭配：be reduced t意为“沦落为”符合语境。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：演员们担心由新的电影合同带来的详细数字扫描将使电影工作室能够创造出具有说服力的以他们为原型的深度伪造作品，而这些工作室将能够“永久地以任何他们想要的项目，无需许可和补偿”拥有和使用。A. enabled使能够；B. facilitated促进；C. implemented实施；D. pssessed拥有。根据后文“by new mvie cntracts will allw studis t create persuasive deepfakes f them that studis”可知，应是“够创造出具有说服力的以他们为原型的深度伪造作品”之意符合语境。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：因此，民主国家面临的关键问题是：我们如何确保人工智能被用于人类繁荣，而不是企业利益?A. as well as以及；B. in exchange fr作为交换；C. rather than而不是；D. as ppsed t与...相对。根据前文“S the key questin fr demcracies is: hw can we ensure AI is used fr human flurishing”以及后文“crprate gain”可知，此处是“确保人工智能被用于人类繁荣，而不是企业利益”之意。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个问题上，历史的消息并不乐观。A. sciety社会；B. frntier边境；C. press新闻界；D. histry历史。根据后文“A recent study by tw renwned ecnmists, Darn Acemglu and Simn Jhnsn, f 1,000 years f technlgical prgress”可知，研究了1000年的技术进步，所以是从历史得到消息。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两位著名经济学家达隆·阿西莫格鲁和西蒙·约翰逊最近对1000年的技术进步进行的研究表明，尽管一些好处通常流向了大众，但回报——除了一个例外——总是流向那些拥有和控制技术的人。A. crpratins公司；B. masses民众；C. gvernments政府；D. industries工业。根据前文“S the key questin fr demcracies is: hw can we ensure AI is used fr human flurishing”以及“On this questin, the news frm 10 is nt gd.”可知，本来应是确保技术的进步为大众服务，但是历史上并不是这样，所以只有一些好处通常流向了大众。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“例外”指的是民主国家培育对抗力量的时期——公民社会组织、自由媒体、活动人士、工会和其他进步的、技术上知情的机构，这些机构源源不断地提供关于如何将技术重新用于社会利益而非仅仅用于私人利润的想法。A. exceptin例外；B. reminder提醒；C. utcme结果；D. benefit利益。根据前文“with ne exceptin”以及后文“a perid in which demcracies fstered cuntervailing pwers”可知，本段在介绍这个例外。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词短语辨析。句意：“例外”指的是民主国家培育对抗力量的时期——公民社会组织、自由媒体、活动人士、工会和其他进步的、技术上知情的机构，这些机构源源不断地提供关于如何将技术重新用于社会利益而非仅仅用于私人利润的想法。A. scientific discveries科学发现；B. energy cnservatin节能；C. scial gd社会利益；D. jb security工作保障。根据前文“The “ 12 ” was a perid in which demcracies fstered cuntervailing pwers”可知， 本段是讲述例外，也就是技术进步的利益用于大众而不是掌握技术的机构，也就是用于社会利益。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在美国，拜登(Biden)政府最近发布了一份“人工智能权利法案蓝图”(Blueprint fr an AI Bill f Rights)，看起来令人印象深刻，但本质上只是一些大型科技公司声称共享的愿望清单。A. suppsedly据说；B. essentially本质上；C. necessarily必要地；D. cmmnly通常地。根据后文“just a list f aspiratins that sme f the big tech cmpanies claim t share”可知，此处是在讲述拜登政府推出一份法案，看起来令人印象深刻，但本质上只是一些大型科技公司声称共享的愿望清单。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个开始——前提是政府不要忘记，把强大的新技术的实施完全交给公司总是一个坏主意。A. impressive给人印象深刻的；B. sensible明智的；C. utdated过时的；D. bad坏的。根据前文内容可知，作者认为科技进步应服务于大众，而不是企业利益，所以作者认为把强大的新技术的实施完全交给公司总是一个坏主意。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，如括号提示，请以提示词的正确形式填空。
The ancient Olympic Games began in the year 776 BCE. ____36____ , they died ut arund the year 393. It was in 1896, in Athens that the mdern Olympic Games ____37____ (hld) first. A Frenchman Pierre de Cubertin ____38____ dream was that the Olympics wuld make it pssible fr peple ____39____ ( live ) side by side in peace brught the Olympics back t life. Since then, mtivated by the Olympic mtt “Faster, Higher, Strnger”, thusands f ____40____ (high) trained and talented athletes ____41____ (devte) themselves t achieving sprting excellence and pushing the bundaries f human achievement, such as Muhammad Ali, Michael Jrdan, Jessica Ennis-Hill and s n.
Chinese athletes have als made imprtant ____42____ (cntribute) t the Olympics. At the 1984 Ls Angeles Olympic Games, China returned ____43____ the Olympics after 32 years’ absence and Xu Haifeng wn ur cuntry’s first-ever gld medal. At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, Liu Xiang became the first Asian ____44____ (win) the gld medal in the men’s 110-metre hurdles. In 2008, in additin t hsting the Olympic fr the first time, China als ranked first in the medal table. The year 2022 was anther histric mment fr China, as Beijing wn _____45_____ electin t hst the Winter Olympics.
【答案】36. Hwever
37. were held
38. whse 39. t live
40. highly 41. have devted
42. cntributins
43. t 44. t win
45. the
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奥林匹克运动会的发展史及中国在奥运会上取得的成就。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：古代奥运会始于公元前776年。然而，它们在393年左右消亡了。分析句子可知，空格处应用副词，在句中作状语，“古代奥运会始于公元前776年”和“它们在393年左右消亡了”之间为转折关系，故空格处应用“Hwever”，意为“然而”，表示转折关系，副词词性，句首单词首字母大写。故填Hwever。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：1896年，第一届现代奥林匹克运动会在雅典举行。根据时间状语“in 1896”可知，此处为一般过去时，主语为the mdern Olympic Games，和hld为被动关系，需用被动语态，be动词用were。故填were held。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：法国人皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦(Pierre de Cubertin)的梦想是，奥运会将使人们有可能和平共处，他把奥运会带回了现实。空处引导定语从句，先行词为“Pierre de Cubertin”，指人，在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词“whse”引导从句。故填whse。
39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。“make it adj.+fr sb. t d sth.”为固定句型，it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语。故填t live。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：从那时起，在奥林匹克格言“更快、更高、更强”的激励下，数千名训练有素、才华横溢的运动员致力于实现卓越的运动成绩，并超越人类成就的极限，如穆罕默德·阿里、迈克尔·乔丹、杰西卡·恩尼斯·希尔等。修饰形容词trained需用副词highly作状语。故填highly。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意同上。根据时间状语“Since then”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语为athletes，助动词用have。故填have devted。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国运动员也为奥运会做出了重要贡献。空处需填名词作宾语，cntributin是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填cntributins。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：在1984年洛杉矶奥运会上，中国在缺席32年后重返奥运会，徐海峰为中国赢得了第一枚金牌。return t为固定搭配，意为“返回”。故填t。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在2004年雅典奥运会上，刘翔成为第一个获得男子110米栏金牌的亚洲人。空处需填非谓语动词，“Asian”前有序数词“the first”修饰，故应用不定式作后置定语。故填t win。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：2022年对中国来说是另一个历史性的时刻，因为北京赢得了冬奥会的举办权。分析句子可知，“electin”意为“选举，选举权”，名词词性，根据句中“t hst the Winter Olympics”可知，句中特指冬奥会的主办权，故空格处应用定冠词the修饰，表示特指。故填the。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，正在主持学校英语戏剧表演大赛(English Play Cntest)的颁奖活动，请为获得第一名的Darcy团队的戏剧表演写一则颁奖词, 内容包括:
1. 表示祝贺；
2. 获奖原因。
注意: 1, 写作词数应为100左右;
Dear all,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear all,
I wuld like t extend my warmest cngratulatins t Darcy team fr winning the first prize in the English Play Cntest.
Yur perfrmanceleft a gd impressin n thers due t utstanding acting, stryline, and stage design. The creativity, harmny, and prfessinalism shwn were remarkable. Yu created emtinal resnance with the audience. Yur hard wrk, team spirit, and talent set a high bar fr all. Thanks t everyne invlved. Let’s lk frward t mre inspiring perfrmances in the future.
Cngratulatins again t Darcy team!
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生为获得第一名的Darcy团队的戏剧表演写一则颁奖词。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
表示祝贺：extend cngratulatins→express cngratulatins
出色的：utstanding→excellent
表演：acting→perfrmance
鼓舞人心的：inspiring→encuraging
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Thanks t everyne invlved.
拓展句：Thanks t everyne invlved, wh cntributed t creating an exceptinal and remarkable prductin.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I wuld like t extend my warmest cngratulatins t Darcy team fr winning the first prize in the English Play Cntest.(不定式和动名词作宾语)
[高分句型2]Let’s lk frward t mre inspiring perfrmances in the future.(祈使句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I’m a head nurse, and it’s my jb t evaluate wrkers’ perfrmances at the hspital.
Kenny was a new emplyee, and he seemed fine. After a few weeks, I had t admit that he was clean, respnsible and reasnably efficient.
But he had this self-cnfident and energetic presence. He was a large man, bth physically and scially—he was strng and independent. I wrried that a place like ur hspital, which demanded teamwrk, was nt right fr such a persnality.
We had a patient named Mary. At 94 years ld, Mary was as weak as a spiderweb. Her husband and sisters were all dead many years ag. We really didn’t knw if she had any children, but if she did, they had lng since abandned her.
Mary had a stubbrn belief that smene had taken her purse. She searched fr it all hurs f the day and night. Unless tied t her bed r wheelchair, she wuld g thrugh the dr nt the street, thrugh the laundry rm and int the kitchen, mindlessly searching and never giving up. When she had t stay in bed r in her wheelchair, she wuld stp almst everyne wh came near
“Can yu lend me a cmb?” she wuld ask. “I’ve lst mine. It was in my red purse. My mney is gne, t. Where is my purse? Where is my purse? Have yu seen my purse?
Every day it was the same. We all knew Mary didn’t have a purse, but we wuldn’t say it. Instead we usually answered, “Sure, Mary, if I see yur purse I’ll bring it back.”
One afternn, just befre supper, I saw Kenny walking dwn the hall with a plastic grcery bag. He walked tward Mary in her wheelchair. Then he pulled ut a red purse.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Mary’s thin ld hands flew up t her face in a gesture f wnder and jy.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Kenny leaned ver, pened the purse and shwed Mary a red cmb inside.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Mary’s thin ld hands flew up t her face in a gesture f wnder and jy, and then flew ut hungrily like a starved child taking bread. She grabbed the red purse, murmuring smething t herself. She held it fr a mment, just t see it, and then pressed it t her breast, rcking it like a baby. She was eager t unzip it, but her hands were t weak, and shaking t vilently.
Kenny leaned ver, pened the purse and shwed Mary a red cmb inside. Tears f jy pured dwn Mary’s face. She kissed Kenny n bth cheeks and said, “Thank yu, Kenny.” Then she tld everyne near her, with pride in her vice, “See? I tld yu I lst my red purse. And Kenny sweetie fund it fr me! Oh Gd! It was the first wedding gift my husband bught me and I cannt lse it!” Kenny was there laughing with her. Instead f just nursing peple like the rest f us, Kenny had made Mary’s prblem his prblem. I sat dwn in a stunned silence: such a persnality was the very thing this hspital needed.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者是护士长，新来的员工Kenny充满自信和活力，负责任，办事效率也不错。一个病人Mary固执地认为有人拿了她的钱包，她日夜不停地寻找它，逢人就问钱包的下落。某天作者看到Kenny为Mary找到了她的红钱包，Mary十分感谢Kenny。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Mary又瘦又老的手举到脸上，露出惊奇和喜悦的表情”可知，第一段可描写Mary看到钱包的表情以及反应。
②由第二段首句内容“Kenny俯下身，打开钱包，给Mary看里面的一把红色梳子”可知，第二段可描写Mary看到里面的红梳子，解释这是丈夫给她买的结婚礼物并感谢了Kenny。
2.续写线索：Mary看到钱包——想打开拉链失败了——Kenny打开钱包——Mary看到红色梳子——Mary解释梳子来历——Mary感谢Kenny
3.词汇激活
行类
抓住：grab/seize
购买：buy/purchase
照顾：nurse/attend t
情绪类
快乐：jy /happiness
感谢：thank yu /shw gratitude t
【点睛】[高分句型1] She grabbed the red purse, murmuring smething t herself. (运用了现在分词作伴随状语)
[高分句型2] Instead f just nursing peple like the rest f us, Kenny had made Mary’s prblem his prblem. (运用了动名词作宾语)