2023-2024学年广东省揭阳市惠来县第一中学高二上学期第一次月考英语试题含答案

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时间：120分钟，满分:120分
I. 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节: 阅读理解 (共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Martín Ramírez frm Argentina
I think it is kay fr scientists t grw genetically-engineer fd because they can develp better fd and this can help with the hunger prblem all arund the wrld. Scientists can help us t have mre and better meats t eat by clning nly the superir animals. I dn’t think that we shuld wrry s much abut genetically-engineered fd.
Angela Fernandez frm Mexic
I dn’t knw whether the tmates we find in supermarkets are genetically manipulated r nt. What I d knw is that they are very bad! A tmat grwn with sun and sil is much better. In the case f strawberries, actually, mst strawberries we can find are very tasty. I guess, hwever, they have been genetically manipulated, t.
Vera Srkina frm Russia
If we manipulate vegetable genes, we can als d with human genes. S, it may be pssible that a substance which is left in fd culd get int a human bdy while the persn is eating. Then, is it pssible that this substance culd mdify the persn’s genetic structure?
Pinar Müfftler frm Turkey
I dn’t agree with the idea that scientists shuld nt grw genetically-engineered fd because it is nt safe. If they want t make prgress, they shuld d experiments. It’s imprtant t keep trying. If they dn’t keep trying, they will never be able t develp new technlgies. Maybe these technlgies wn’t be successful in the beginning, but if scientists keep trying, they will develp new ways.
1. Of the peple abve, wh is bviusly against genetically-engineered fd?
A. Pinar Müfftler frm Turkey.B. Martín Ramírez frm Argentina.
C. Vera Sirtkina frm Russia.D. Angela Fernandez frm Mexic.
2. As far as Pinar Müfftler is cncerned, .
A. develping such fd is a better way t slve wrld hunger
B. experimenting n such fd shuldn’t be allwed
C. new technlgies will make such fd safer t eat
D. this kind f fd is much better and tastier
3. What d we infer abut Martín Ramírez?
A. He dubts whether such fd is safe.B. He wrries that the crps will spil.
C. He desn’t like vegetables and fruits.D. He is in favur f clning animals.
【答案】1 D 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要列举了四个人对转基因食物以及克隆的看法。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I dn’t knw whether the tmates we find in supermarkets are genetically manipulated r nt. What I d knw is that they are very bad! A tmat grwn with sun and sil is much better.(我不知道我们在超市里看到的西红柿是不是转基因的。我所知道的是，他们非常糟糕！有阳光和土壤的番茄要好得多)”可知，来自墨西哥的Angela Fernandez明显反对转基因食品。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“If they dn’t keep trying, they will never be able t develp new technlgies. Maybe these technlgies wn’t be successful in the beginning, but if scientists keep trying, they will develp new ways.(如果他们不不断尝试，他们将永远无法开发新技术。也许这些技术一开始不会成功，但如果科学家们不断尝试，他们会开发出新的方法)”可知，Pinar Müfftler认为新技术将使这类食品食用更安全。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists can help us t have mre and better meats t eat by clning nly the superir animals.(科学家可以通过克隆优质动物来帮助我们有更多更好的肉吃)”可推知，Martín Ramírez赞成克隆动物。故选D。
B
Gerge Shull was brn in 1874 n a farm in Clark Cunty, Obi, and his knwledge f plants and hybrids came at an early age. Being needed n the farm, Shull received his early frmal educatin ff and n. Hwever, it was supplemented (增补) by intense hme study s that by 1892. he was teaching in a public schl, and later attending Antich Cllege.
In 1901, he graduated frm Antich and went t the University f Chicag t d graduate wrk. With his knwledge f btany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appinted as a btanical assistant at the U. S. Natinal Herbarium. He als wrked at the U. S. Bureau f Plant Industry as a btanical expert examining the plants and animals f Chesapeake Bay and Currituck Sund. The data he cllected during this time was t cmprise his Ph. D. thesis (论文). And in 1904 he was appinted t be in charge f plant wrk at the Statin fr Experimental Evlutin.
He began wrking n crn in 1905. Fllwing Gregr Mendel’s example, Shull btained purebred (纯种的) lines f crn thrugh self-pllinatin (自花受粉). The pure-bred lines were less healthy and prductive, but when he crssed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any f the parents r thse pllinated in the pen fields. He immediately recgnized the ptential fr using this strategy t imprve crp yields.
In 1915, Shull accepted a prfessrship at Princetn University. With his encuragement, Princetn University Press began the publicatin f a new jurnal, Genetics. Shull was the managing editr fr ten years. Genetics is still ne f the tp internatinal science jurnals.
Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent mst f their later years with their children and grandchildren.
4. What des the underlined part “ff and n” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Nt surprisingly.B. Very frmally.C. Very excellently.D. Nt regularly.
5. What’s paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. Gerge Shull’s cntributins.B. Gerge Shull’s research
C. Gerge Shull’s wrk experience.D. Gerge Shull’s educatin.
6. What was s special abut Shull’s methd f crn breeding?
A. It cmpletely relied n self-pllinatin.B. It was first published in Genetics.
C. It was widely accepted in Ohi.D. It fcused n crssing pure-bred lines.
7. Hw des the authr mainly develp the text?
A. By giving examples.B. By fllwing time rder.
C. By making cmparisns.D. By presenting a scientific study.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名植物学家Gerge Shull的学习和工作经历以及重要成就。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段第二句中的“Being needed n the farm”(被农场需要)可知，Gerge Shull小时候需要做农活，所以无法正常接受正规教育。所以ff and n意为“断断续续地，时不时地”。故选D。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段第二句“With his knwledge f btany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appinted as a btanical assistant at the U. S. Natinal Herbarium.”(凭借他的植物学知识和农业实践经验，Shull通过了公务员考试，并被任命为美国国家植物标本馆的植物学助理。)和最后一句“And in 1904 he was appinted t be in charge f plant wrk at the Statin fr Experimental Evlutin.”(1904年，他被任命负责实验进化站的植物工作。)可知，第二段主要是讲Gerge Shull的工作经历。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第三句和第四句“The pure-bred lines were less healthy and prductive, but when he crssed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any f the parents r thse pllinated in the pen fields. He immediately recgnized the ptential fr using this strategy t imprve crp yields.”(纯种品种的健康和产量都较差，但当他杂交纯种品种时，杂交品种的产量比任何亲本或在开阔田野授粉的亲本都好。他立即意识到利用这种策略提高作物产量的潜力。)可知，Shull的玉米育种方法的特殊之处在于专注杂交纯种品种。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Gerge Shull was brn in 1874 n a farm in Clark Cunty, Obi, and his knwledge f plants and hybrids came at an early age.”(Gerge Shull在1874年出生于奥比奥州克拉克县的一个农场，他早年就对植物和杂交作物有了了解。)，第二段第一句“In 1901, he graduated frm Antich and went t the University f Chicag t d graduate wrk.”(1901年，他从安提阿大学毕业，到芝加哥大学攻读研究生学位。)，第三段第一句“He began wrking n crn in 1905.”(1905年，他开始研究玉米。)，第四段第一句“In 1915, Shull accepted a prfessrship at Princetn University.”(1915年，Shull接受了普林斯顿大学的教授职位。)和最后一段“Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent mst f their later years with their children and grandchildren.”(Shull于1942年退休。他和妻子晚年的大部分时间都是和儿孙们在一起度过的。)可知，这篇文章是按照时间顺序组织的。故选B。
C
A new phne app uses vibratins (振动) frm smart phnes t alert peple abut earthquakes.
The phne app recgnizes sudden shaking f the earth’s surface thrugh sensrs (传感器) in smart phnes. The new app is called MyShake. It is the wrk f fur researchers at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley. They said they created a wrldwide warning system that wuld infrm peple and give them time t prepare. The MyShake app is available nly fr Andrid phnes.
Smart phnes are equipped with accelermeters (加速计) . These instruments measure mvement, like that f a car r airplane. They can als measure the shaking f a machine, building r ther structure. Accelermeters are used in activity trackers and apps that cunt steps r ther exercise. They are als used in glbal psitining system (GPS) apps.
MyShake uses phne accelermeters t measure seismic (地震引起的) activity. It has been prgrammed t knw the difference between nrmal activity and earthquake mvement. The sftware develpers say their app is right 93 percent f the time. A smart phne sends seismic infrmatin t the app develpers. If the develpers receive infrmatin frm ne area, it recgnizes that an earthquake may be taking place r will take place sn. Using infrmatin sent frm the app, the netwrk then estimates the lcatin and strength f the quake in real time. MyShake can recrd magnitude (规模) 5. 0 earthquakes at distances f 10 kilmeters r less. MyShake uses very little pwer, accrding t its develpers. Only when seismic activity is sensed by the app des it becme active and sends data t the netwrk.
The app wrks best when yur phne is resting n a flat surface, like a table. The app als shws ways t stay safer during an earthquake. The develpers say it will becme mre effective as mre peple use it.
8. What can we knw abut MyShake?
A. It can be applied t all kinds f phnes.
B. It serves as a wrldwide warning system.
C. It’s the name f a new smart phne.
D. It can prevent and stp the mvement f the earth.
9. Hw can the phne app feel the earth’s shaking?
A. Thrugh vibratins frm smart phnes.
B. Thrugh infrmatin in smart phnes.
C. Thrugh sensrs in smart phnes.
D. Thrugh accelermeters in smart phnes.
10. Why are accelermeters used in MyShake?
A. T lcate where the user is.B. T cunt steps r ther exercise.
C. T measure seismic activity.D. T measure the shaking f building.
11. What’s the best title fr the text?
A. A New Phne App Feels Earthquakes
B. A New Phne App Prevents Earthquakes
C. A New Phne App Keeps Yu Safe in the Earthquake
D. A New Phne App Makes Smart Phnes Mre Effective
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是以一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款新的智能手机软件，它能感应到地震，从而可以给人们警告。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二自然段第四句 “They said they created a wrldwide warning system that wuld infrm peple and give them time t prepare. ( 他们说，他们创建了一个全球预警系统，可以通知人们，让他们有时间准备。)” 可知，该应用程序是一个全球警告系统。故选B 项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 “The phne app recgnizes sudden shaking f the earth’s surface thrugh sensrs(传感器)in smart phnes. (这款手机应用程序通过智能手机中的传感器来识别地球表面的突然震动。)”可知，这款手机软件是通过智能手机里面的感应器来感应到地球表面的突然振动的。故选C 项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句 “MyShake uses phne accelermeters t measure seismic (地震引起的) activity.( MyShake使用手机加速度计来测量地震活动。)”可知，MyShake使用手机加速计是来测量地震活动的。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一自然段 “A new phne app uses vibratins (振动) frm smart phnes t alert peple abut earthquakes.(一种新的手机应用程序利用智能手机的震动向人们发出地震警报。)” 并结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍一款新的手机应用程序，利用智能手机来感应地震。故选A 项。
D
Facial recgnitin cameras are everywhere, including in yur smartphne. Many peple rely n this technlgy t unlck their phnes, pen drs r make quick payments, but there is a prblem: Everyne is wearing mask. What a hassle!
Nw, tech cmpanies have updated their sftware. Facial recgnitin technlgy can nw identify peple even if they are wearing a mask.
Beijing-based tech cmpany Hanwang has annunced a sftware which can crrectly recgnize 95 percent f peple wearing masks, Engineering & Technlgy (E&T) reprted. What’s the secret? It’s all abut yur eyes.
Maris Savvides, a prfessr at Carnegie Melln University, US, studies facial recgnitin technlgy. “As we get lder,” he said, “ur faces change shape, but nt the area arund ur eyes. It stays the same—even if we put n weight.”
Anther cmpany has als been wrking n this kind f sftware. Tech5 has AI that measures the shape f yur face. It als scans yur iris (the clred part f yur eyes). Tech5 hpes t ignre all f the face belw the nse.
Facial recgnitin sftware is abut mre than just unlcking yur phne. It’s abut public safety. Cntact-free verificatin (验证) has becme extremely imprtant due t the COVID-19. Mre than that, facial recgnitin can be used t fight crime (犯罪). “It can detect crime suspects,” said Huang Lei, Hanwang’s president. Hanwang’s technlgy is used by plice in high-security settings. This means places like gvernment buildings, subway statins and airprts. Huang admits ne big weakness f this new technlgy: It fails when peple wear bth masks and sunglasses. “In this situatin, all f the key facial infrmatin is lst, but I am cnvinced that we can vercme the weakness in the future,” said Huang.
12. What des the underlined wrd “hassle” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. habit.B. rule.C. truble.D. resurce.
13. What makes facial recgnitin sftware able t identify peple wearing masks?
A. The frehead.B. The facial expressin.
C. The shape f face.D. The eye regin.
14. What is Huang Lei’s attitude twards the facial recgnitin sftware?
A. Negative.B. Favrable.C. Oppsed.D. Dubtful.
15. What can be inferred abut the new technlgy frm the last paragraph?
A There is rm fr imprvement in it.B. It cannt stre key facial infrmatin.
C. It will lse ppularity in the future.D. It wn’t wrk if peple wear glasses.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一种不需要摘口罩就能面部识别的软件。
12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段前两句话“Facial recgnitin cameras are everywhere, including in yur smartphne. Many peple rely n this technlgy t unlck their phnes, pen drs r make quick payments, but there is a prblem: Everyne is wearing mask.(面部识别摄像头无处不在，包括智能手机。许多人依靠这项技术解锁手机、开门或快速付款，但有一个问题：每个人都戴着口罩。)”可知，由于现在人人都带着口罩，所以人脸识别相对来说“更麻烦了”，所以划线单词hassle的意思，是“麻烦的”。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Beijing-based tech cmpany Hanwang has annunced a sftware which can crrectly recgnize 95 percent f peple wearing masks, Engineering & Technlgy (E&T) reprted. What’s the secret? It’s all abut yur eyes.(据工程与技术(E&T)报道，总部位于北京的科技公司汉旺(Hanwang)发布了一款软件，该软件可以正确识别95%戴面具的人。秘密是什么?都是因为你的眼睛。)”可知，是眼睛让在戴面具时也可识别面部。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段黄磊说的话“It can detect crime suspects,” said Huang Lei, Hanwang’s president. Hanwang’s technlgy is used by plice in high-security settings. This means places like gvernment buildings, subway statins and airprts. Huang admits ne big weakness f this new technlgy: It fails when peple wear bth masks and sunglasses. “In this situatin, all f the key facial infrmatin is lst, but I believe we can vercme the weakness in the future,” said Huang(“它可以发现犯罪嫌疑人，”汉旺总裁黄磊表示。汉旺的技术被警方用于高度安全的环境中。这意味着像政府大楼、地铁站和机场这样的地方。黄承认这项新技术的一大弱点：当人们同时戴口罩和太阳镜时，这项技术就失败了。黄说：“在这种情况下，所有关键的面部信息都会丢失，但我相信我们可以在未来克服这个弱点。”)”可知，黄磊对这项技术是非常赞成支持的，所以可推知他对这项技术持积极的态度。故选B
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段黄磊说的话“Huang admits ne big weakness f this new technlgy: It fails when peple wear bth masks and sunglasses. “In this situatin, all f the key facial infrmatin is lst, but I believe we can vercme the weakness in the future,” said Huang.(黄承认这项新技术的一大弱点：当人们同时戴口罩和太阳镜时，这项技术就失败了。黄说：“在这种情况下，所有关键的面部信息都会丢失，但我相信我们可以在未来克服这个弱点。”)”可推知，这项技术还需改善。故选A。
第二节：七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every scientific field uses the scientific methd t cnduct experiments. Perfrming experiments is very imprtant in the field f psychlgy （心理学）. Befre beginning a study, hwever, any scientist wh wishes t perfrm an experiment shuld be familiar with the steps f the scientific methd.___16___
◆ Frm a hypthesis （假设）. It is an educated guess abut what will happen during the study.___17___Cming up with a hypthesis befre yu start can help guide yur experiment.
◆ Plan ut a study. Planning ut the experiment is essential because the psychlgist needs t knw if they have time, materials, and testing area prepared befrehand. This step als helps the scientist t determine if they will be perfrming descriptive r experimental research. The ideal situatin is t always perfrm experimental research.___18___Descriptive research simply cllects data regarding the prblem and frms a hypthesis accrding t the data.
◆ Cllect data.___19___If the data cllected is nt recrded and rganized, the entire effrts f the study may be wasted. The best way t d this may be t recrd the prceedings s that n details are lst.
◆ Analyze the data. Once all the data has been cllected and rganized, it must be analyzed. Using previus research r scientific infrmatin abut the prblem, the psychlgist must apply the new data gathered.
◆ Publish the infrmatin learned. The final step f the scientific methd in psychlgy is publishing the results f the study.___20___Mst psychlgical experiments are published in scientific jurnals.
A. It is based n scientific facts, nt just pinins.
B. Read n t find ut hw t use the scientific methd in psychlgy.
C. Befre psychlgists start the experiment, they must plan ut the steps.
D. This helps ther psychlgists t learn abut and use the new infrmatin.
E. The scientific methd has prved t be an effective way t cnduct research.
F. T fully understand the study, each part f the experiment must be recrded.
G. Smetimes, hwever, this is impssible and descriptive research will have t be used.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。主语讲述如何在心理学实验中使用科学的方法。
【16题详解】
根据下文小标题可知可知，讲述了如何找出使用心理学的科学方法的步骤，而选项B意为“阅读找出如何使用心理学的科学方法。”正是对文章的总起，符合语境，B项中的“ scientific methd ”与上文保持一致，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据本段第一句“Frm a hypthesis(假设).”以及空后的Cming up with a hypthesis befre yu start can help guide yur experiment.”可知，本段主要阐迷了心理学实验的第一步：形成一个假设，以科学事实而不仅仅是观点为根据,而选项A就是这个意思，符合语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
空前的“t always perfrm experimental research”与G项中的“this”相对立；空后的“Descriptive research”与G选项中的“descriptive research”相对应，用以阐明 描述性研究的特点，这里是想说明，理想的情况虽然不可能，但是常常被用于研究，而选项G所表达的就是这个意思，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据空后的“If the data cllected is nt recrded and rganized, the entire effrts f the study may be wasted.”以及” recrd the prceedings ”可以判断，空 处阐述的是将数据记录下来的重要性，分析可知，我们要对试验进行记录，而选项F表达的意思就是要记录试验，符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据该段首句“Publish the infrmatin learned."可知，该段主要产生将实验得出的结论公开出版，根据前文“The final step f the scientific methd in psychlgy is publishing the results f the study”和后文“Mst psychlgical experiments are published in scientific jurnals.”分析可知，研究最后要发布研究结果，这样方便别的研究者利用最新信息，而选项D表示这有助于其他心理学家学习和使用新的信息。符合语境，故选D。
II. 语言知识及应用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节: 完形填空 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
We asked Prfessr Jhn Williams, a futurlgist, fr his expert predictins n life in the next few decades.
“Unfrtunately, it lks quite likely that the climate may ____21____significantly (显著地), with htter summers, clder winters and mre flding. At the same time, fuel fr heating r air cnditining will prbably becme much mre expensive. Fr these reasns, ur huses will certainly have t becme much better ____22____. Peple are already building s-called ‘passive huses’, which have little r n central heating at all, ____23____ the bdy heat f the peple wh live there.
“Hmes prbably wn’t be as big, and s we will need mre adaptable (可改变的) furniture, such as sfa beds, and when we are nt ____24____ ur furniture we will be able t fld it away int wall cabinets (壁橱). Huses culd have mveable walls s that the same space can be ____25____ in different ways.”
“New technlgy will make us mre self-sufficient (自给自足的). Kitchens may have fish tanks which, as well as prviding fish t eat, als ____26____ fresh vegetables. The plants will ____27____ xygen fr the fish. These tanks will be pwered by husehld waste and create ____28____, which can then be used t run the family car—____29____ we might nt all have cars!”
“Water will be mre expensive and the hme f the future will prbably be designed t use much ____30____ water. Washing machines and dishwashers might use sund waves t shake ____31____ ff. We may even take shwers using sund waves. What water we d use will be recycled and used again rund the huse and private swimming pls will becme a thing f the ____32____.”
“We will als ___33___ ) have mre rbts in ur huses, thugh they wn’t lk like the nes in films. There will prbably be small rbts ____34____ t clean the fridge r pen the curtains. ____35____ fridges will tell us when fd is abut t g ut f date and even suggest recipes, and we will be able t cmmunicate with ur hmes by mbile phne wherever we are.”
21. A. changeB. imprveC. respndD. cl
22. A. preparedB. placedC. qualifiedD. equipped
23. A. dealing withB. relying nC. fcusing nD. giving ut
24. A. usingB. mvingC. cleaningD. selling
25. A. demandedB. arrangedC. measuredD. enlarged
26. A. prduceB. washC. streD. ck
27. A. findB. saveC. prvideD. test
28. A. spacesB. energyC. systemsD. material
29. A. asB. ifC. unlessD. thugh
30. A. mreB. warmerC. lessD. slwer
31. A. dirtB. waterC. leavesD. hair
32. A. futureB. pastC. lifeD. imaginatin
33. A. regularlyB. suddenlyC. nearlyD. certainly
34. A. designedB. discveredC. repairedD. cllected
35. A. OldB. AdditinalC. CmmnD. Clever
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是Jhn Williams对未来的展望。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，气候很可能会发生重大变化，夏季更热，冬季更冷，洪水更多。A. change改变；B. imprve提高；C. respnd回答；D. cl（使）冷却。根据下文“with htter summers, clder winters and mre flding”可知，气候发生改变了。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于这些原因，我们的房子肯定要更好地被装备。A. prepared准备好的；B. placed名列前茅的；C. qualified有资格的；D. equipped装备齐全的。根据上文“fuel fr heating r air cnditining will prbably becme much mre expensive”可知，用于供暖或空调的燃料可能会变得更加昂贵，所以房子应该更好地被装备。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们已经开始建造所谓的“被动式房屋”，这种房屋很少或根本没有中央供暖系统，依靠居住在那里的人的体温。A. dealing with处理；B. relying n依靠；C. fcusing n集中于；D. giving ut用完。根据上文“have little r n central heating”可知，房屋很少或根本没有中央供暖系统，所以就要依靠人自己的体温了。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：房子可能不会那么大，所以我们需要适应性更强的家具，比如沙发床，当我们不用家具的时候，我们可以把它折叠起来放进壁柜里。A. using使用；B. mving移动；C. cleaning清洁；D. selling卖。根据下文“we will be able t fld it away int wall cabinets”可知，我们不用沙发床的时候才把它折叠起来。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：房屋可以有可移动的墙壁，这样相同的空间就可以以不同的方式排列。A. demanded要求；B. arranged排列；C. measured测量；D. enlarged扩大。根据上文“Huses culd have mveable walls s that the same space can be”可知，房屋可以有可移动的墙壁，这样相同的空间就可以以不同的方式排列。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：厨房可能有鱼缸，除了提供鱼吃，也生产新鲜蔬菜。A. prduce生产；B. wash洗；C. stre储存；D. ck烹饪。根据上文“fish tanks”和下文“fresh vegetables”可知，是在鱼缸里种菜，也就是生产菜。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些植物将为鱼类提供氧气。A. find发现；B. save救；C. prvide提供；D. test测试。根据上文“plants”和下文“xygen fr the fish”及常识可知，植物会给鱼提供氧气。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些鱼缸将由生活垃圾提供动力，产生能量，然后用来驱动家用汽车——尽管我们可能不是每个人都有车！A. spaces空间；B. energy能量；C. systems系统；D. material材料。根据下文“which can then be used t run the family car”可知，这些鱼缸将由生活垃圾提供动力，产生能量，然后驱动汽车。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：这些鱼缸将由生活垃圾提供动力，产生能量，然后用来驱动家用汽车——尽管我们可能不是每个人都有车！A. as当……的时候；B. if如果；C. unless除非；D. thugh虽然。根据下文“we might nt all have cars”可知，此处表示“尽管我们可能不是每个人都有车”。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：水将更加昂贵，未来住宅可能会设计成使用更少的水。A. mre更多的；B. warmer更温暖的；C. less更少的；D. slwer更慢的。根据上文“Water will be mre expensive”可知，水将更加昂贵，所以未来房子的设计要用更少的水。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：洗衣机和洗碗机可能会使用声波来抖掉污垢。A. dirt污垢；B. water水；C. leaves树叶；D. hair头发。根据上文“Washing machines and dishwashers”可知，洗衣机和洗碗机是用来洗掉污垢的。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们使用的水将被循环利用，并在房子周围再次使用，私人游泳池将成为过去。A. future未来；B. past过去；C. life生活；D. imaginatin想象力。根据上文“Water will be mre expensive”可知，因为水很贵，所以就不会有私人游泳池，私人游泳池就成了过去。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当然，我们家里也会有更多的机器人，尽管它们看起来不会像电影里的机器人。A. regularly定期地；B. suddenly突然；C. nearly几乎，差不多；D. certainly当然。根据下文“have mre rbts in ur huses”可知，此处表示“当然，我们家里也会有更多的机器人”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：可能会有小型机器人被设计用来清洁冰箱或拉开窗帘。A. designed设计；B. discvered发现；C. repaired修理；D. cllected收集。根据上文“small rbts”可知，小型机器人被设计来清洁冰箱或拉开窗帘。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：智能冰箱会在食物即将过期时告诉我们，甚至会提出食谱建议，无论我们身在何处，我们都能通过手机与家人联系。A. Old老的；B. Additinal额外的；C. Cmmn普通的；D. Clever聪明的。根据下文“tell us when fd is abut t g ut f date and even suggest recipes”可知，这种能告诉我们食物要过期了的冰箱是智能的，空格处用clever。故选D。
第二节: 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yu Rng, a Chinese artist, thinks f a new way t intrduce ____36____ ancient stry f Hua Mulan in her picture bk. In the bk, I Am Hua Mulan, she tells the stry by ____37____ (cmbine) Chinese paper-cutting with internatinal artistic styles. She places Shaanxi papercuts ver western-style pencil sketches (素描)____38____ (create) typical presentatin f Chineseelements (要素), which turns ut t be a ____39____ (success) and impressive breakthrugh.
Hua Mulan, ____40____ stry has been tld by generatins in China, was a fighter frm the Nrthern Wei Dynasty (386-534). As a devted daughter, she dressed herself as a man t serve in the army ____41____ place f her father. Mulan’s character, such as curage, kindness and a disinterested attitude twards fame and frtune, made ____42____ (she) ne f the mst respected histrical Chinese herines. Mulan’s stry has been adapted ____43____ (frequent) in mdern media. Fr example, in 1998, Disney prduced a film named Mulan, which ____44____ (cnsider) a great success by critics and the public right after its release.
T better tell the stry, Yu Rng takes inspiratin frm her several ____45____ (visit) t sites f ancient battles and Henan Prvince’s Yu Opera. After years f preparatin she finally makes this extrardinary wrk.
【答案】36. the
37. cmbining
38. t create
39. successful
40. whse 41. in
42. her 43. frequently
44. was cnsidered
45. visits
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个叫做Yu Rng的艺术家把剪纸艺术和花木兰的故事结合起来，更好地讲述这个故事。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一位著名的艺术家Yu Rng想出了一种新的在她的图画书里介绍花木兰这个古老的故事的方法。此处特指花木兰的故事，应使用定冠词the，故填the。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在《我是花木兰》一书中，她将剪纸与国际艺术风格相结合，讲述了这个故事。介词by后面应使用动名词cmbining作宾语，故填cmbining。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她将陕西剪纸置于西式铅笔画之上，创造出典型的中国元素呈现，这是一个成功而令人印象深刻的突破。根据语境可知，句子表示“她将陕西剪纸置于西式铅笔画之上，创造出典型的中国元素呈现”，此处create在句中作目的状语，应使用动词不定式，故填t create。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她将陕西剪纸置于西式铅笔画之上，创造出典型的中国元素呈现，这是一个成功而令人印象深刻的突破。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词breakthrugh，success的形容词是successful，意为“成功的”，故填successful。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：花木兰是北魏（386—534）时期的一名战士，她的故事在中国代代相传。空处引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句的先行词Hua Mulan与stry之间存在所属关系，应用关系代词whse作从句定语。故填whse。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：作为一个孝顺的女儿，她把自己打扮成男人代替父亲去参军。由“dressed herself as a man t serve in the army”可知，她把自己打扮成男人代替父亲去参军，“代替”是in place f，因此空格处是介词in，故填in。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：木兰勇敢、善良、淡泊名利的性格使她成为中国历史上最受尊敬的女英雄之一。动词made后应使用宾格代词her，故填her。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：花木兰的故事经常被现代媒体改编。修饰动词adapt应用副词frequently作状语，frequently意为“经常”，故填frequently。
【44题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：例如，1998年，迪斯尼制作了一部名为《花木兰》的电影，被评论家和公众认为是一个巨大的成功。此处为非限制性定语从句的谓语动词，从句主语which（指代先行词film）与从句谓语动词cnsider之间存在被动关系，结合时间状语in 1998，用一般过去时的被动语态，which指代的先行词a film是单数，因此空格处是was cnsidered。故填was cnsidered。
【45题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：为了更好地讲述这个故事，Yu Rng从她多次参观古代战斗遗址和河南豫剧中获得灵感。several后要跟名词的复数visits，故填visits。
Ⅲ 书面表达 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你班同学最近开展了一场讨论，主题是：高中学生要不要参加体育锻炼，请根据下面所提供的信息，写一篇短文，介绍讨论的情况，并发表自己的观点。
注意：1. 词数100左右，开头语已为你写好，不计入总数；
2. 短文必须包含表格的全部内容。要求观点明确，结构合理，紧凑连贯。
Recently we have had a discussin abut
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Recently, we have had a discussin abut whether students f Senir high schl shuld take physical exercises. As we knw, every cin has tw sides.
On the ne hand, 55% f the students think they shuld take all kinds f exercises every day, such as ding mrning exercises, but nt spend t much time n them. As a prverb says, “all wrk and n play makes Jack a dull by.” Exercise builds up their bdy and reduce lts f diseases. Beisdes, sprts let them have a gd rest s that their study will be mre efficient.
On the ther hand, 45% f the students believe taking exercise is a waste f time and tiring. What’s wrse, after taking exercise, they will be t excited fr a lng time t fcus n lessns. And it’s pssible t be hurt in sprts.
In my pinin, I prefer t take prper exercise in my spare time.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。要求考生根据图表内容写一篇短文，介绍班里进行的“高中学生要不要参加体育锻炼”的讨论的情况，并发表自己的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
种类：kind→srt
另外：beisdes→mrever
更糟糕的是：what’s wrse→wrse still
专注于：fcus n→cncentrate n
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：As we knw, every cin has tw sides.
拓展句：It is knwn t all that every cin has tw sides.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As we knw, every cin has tw sides. (运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Beisdes, sprts let them have a gd rest s that their study will be mre efficient. (运用了s that引导的目的状语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
With the start f new schl freshmen f Hendersnville High Schl in Nashville were excited t meet new classmates and teachers. Amng them, hwever,15-year-ld Sergi Peralta was feeling very nervus because his right hand had never fully frmed since he was brn. Ging t a new schl and being “different” is always scary. Sergi was particularly cncerned with what his classmates wuld think f him.
Sergi’s parents had trained him t use his left hand frm an early age. As he grew up, he was used t nt using his right hand. He culd write with his left ne and d sme things with special tricks r techniques. Despite this, in the first days f new schl, Sergi always felt like hiding his underdevelped right hand in his sleeve as if nbdy wuld ever find ut if he did s.
It didn’t take lng fr smene t learn Sergi’s secret. Jeff Wilkins, the teacher f Sergi’s engineering class, figured ut that Sergi was missing part f his hand and decided t d smething fr the new student. Jeff had been leading a rbtics prject in the schl and expert in 3D printing technlgy. Besides, he hped t take advantage f this hands-n chance t help his rbtics students learn mre abut engineering and hw building a rbtic hand wrked.
S in his class, Jeff annunced with great enthusiasm, “Yu’re suppsed t be engineering, cming up with new ideas and slving issues. Nw Sergi needs a new hand, s we’ll wrk tgether t build Sergi a rbtic hand.” His wrds fueled everyne’s curisity and creativity.
Fr the next fur weeks, Jeff and his class including Sergi wrked n the prject. After sme precise measurements and researches, the class put frward a design draft. Jeff made a few adjustments and gave them sme practical suggestins. With access t nline mdels and a 3D printer, they eventually created a rbtic hand, which was intended t lk gd and wrk well, like catching smething.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then came the final testing day.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The life-changing gift fr Sergi drew huge attentin.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Then came the final testing day. The whle class gathered in the science classrm, watching breathlessly as Jeff carefully laded their self-made rbtic hand nt Sergi's right arm. It fitted quite well! S excited was Sergi that his arm trembled slightly. Having put a baseball n the desk, Jeff signed t Sergi t pick it up. Slwly, Sergi extended his right hand and reached fr the ball. Successfully he caught hld f it and everyne present brke int cheers! Hlding the ball, Sergi culdn't cntain his tears. Never in his life did he expect t catch smething with his right hand!
The life-changing gift fr Sergi drew huge attentin. Jeff and his students became an instant hit and varius media cmpeted t cver the news. When interviewed abut the intentin f the prject, Jeff said, “I intended Sergi's rbtic hand t shw ur supprt fr him. Meanwhile, I hpe t fster students' scientific spirit thrugh this hands-n peratin.” His students stated that Jeff challenged them t transfrm abstract cncepts int reality, frm which they benefited greatly. Sn vluntary dnatins pured in, which wuld g t the schl's scientific research and help students develp better.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Sergi因为有残疾的右手在新学校感到紧张，他特别关心同学们对他的看法。但是没过多久就有人知道了Sergi的秘密，工程课的老师Jeff Wilkins发现Sergi的手少了一部分，于是决定为这个新生做点什么。经过他的努力，成功为Sergi制作了一副机械手。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后到了最后的测试日。”可知，第一段可描写Sergi使用机械手的情况以及同学的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“这份改变Sergi一生的礼物引起了广泛关注。”可知，第二段可描写这份礼物对学生和学校的影响。
2.续写线索：测试——成功——欢呼——引起关注——报道——捐款
3.词汇激活
行为类
放置：put /place
延长：extend/ stretch
控制：cntain /hld back
情绪类
激动：excited /thrilled
各种各样：varius / miscellaneus
【点睛】[高分句型1] The whle class gathered in the science classrm, watching breathlessly as Jeff carefully laded their self-made rbtic hand nt Sergi's right arm. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] S excited was Sergi that his arm trembled slightly. (运用了部分倒装)
比例
55％
45％
你的观点
观点
支持
反对
主要理由
1. 应该每天进行体育锻炼比如做早操，但时间不要太长
2. 锻炼能增强质减少疾病
3. 锻炼能使大脑休息，使学习效率更高.
1. 锻炼浪费时间
2. 锻炼使人疲劳
3. 锻炼以后很兴奋，较长时间不能学习
4. 锻炼中可能受伤
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