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浙江省杭州市金华卓越联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份浙江省杭州市金华卓越联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了考试结束后，只需上交答题纸等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考生须知：
1．本卷共 8 页满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟；
2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、学号和姓名；考场号、座位号写在指定位置；
3．所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效；
4．考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。
第 I 卷（选择题部分）
第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the wman d this Saturday?
A. G t the z. B. Fly t Lndn. C. See her sister ff.
2. What des the wman want Jim t d?
A. D the laundry. B. Prepare dinner. C. Repair a machine.
3. Where are the speakers?
A. In the dining hall. B. In the library. C. In the gym.
4. What is the cnversatin mainly abut?
A. A difficult questin. B. A piece f writing. C. A persn.
5. Hw des the man sund?
A. Srry. B. Disappinted. C. Understanding.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 22. 5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题 5 秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What des the man suggest the wman eat?
A. Sme spaghetti. B. Sme chicken. C. A beef sandwich.
7. What is the wman ging t d next?
A. Order dishes. B. Call her dctr. C. Eat an egg.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8. Hw did the wman finally deal with the email?
A. She replied t it. B. She shwed it t the plice. C. She tk n ntice f it.
9. What des the man remind the wman t d at last?
A. Avid using public Wi-Fi. B. Update applicatins in time. C. Use special passwrds.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 13 题。
10. Which schl pened the dr fr Uldus t study phtgraphy?
A. The Nrth-West Academy f Public Administratin.
B. Central Saint Martins.
C. Lndn Cllege f Fashin.
11. What is the subject f mst f Uldus’ phtgraphs?
A. Escapism. B. Herism. C. Individualism.
12. What kind f peple des Uldus enjy wrking with?
A. Thse wh live a clrful life.
B. Thse wh are very creative.
C. Thse wh lead a tugh life.
13. What is Uldus’ attitude twards digital technlgy?
A. Ambiguus. B. Disapprving. C. Supprtive.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14. What animals are the speakers lking at in the beginning?
A. Sme rabbits. B. Sme sparrws. C. Sme squirrels.
15. Hw far have the speakers walked?
A. Arund 1,000 meters. B. Arund 700 meters. C. Arund 600 meters.
16. What des the man regret ding?
A. Carrying lts f things. B. Climbing the muntain. C. Eating t much.
17. What des the wman ask the man t give her?
A. Sme chclates. B. A water bttle. C. A rubbish bag.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. What d we knw abut the players in the Village Super League?
A. They all cme frm the same ethnic grup.
B. They play sccer in the evening.
C. They are prfessinal.
19. What d the cheerleaders d befre a match starts?
A. Play sme instruments. B. Give dance perfrmances. C. Sing sme flk sngs.
20. What is the speaker willing t d?
A. Write sme emails.
B. Offer visitrs best psitins.
C. Invite sme friends t a festival.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Sme inventins are s cmmn that it’s difficult t imagine they started as an idea written n paper and then a patent applicatin submitted t the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). The ballpint pen, the cmputer muse, and the micrwave ven — these are just a few examples f great ideas that became essential prducts we nw take fr granted.
Nevertheless, f the 520, 277 applicatins that inventrs filed with USPTO in 2010, chances are that nt even half will be granted patents, and far fewer will becme cmmercial successes. In that spirit, here are three f the technlgical advances:
Mind Cntrl Helmet
The helmet is equipped with the trans cranial pulsed ultrasund (经颅脉冲超声) technlgy, which delivers high-frequency sund waves t specific regins f the brain. Under the influence f these sund waves, neurns (神经元) send impulses (脉冲) t their targets, taking cntrl ver them.
Bdy Armr with Flashlight and Camera/Phne Charger
The flexible arm, which is armred with Kevlar and hard plastic, cntains a rechargeable battery pack that pwers a special device built int the arm’s artificial skin. It is als equipped with a bright LED flashlight, an HD camera capable f sending pictures, and a charging slt int which a phne apparently fits nicely.
Rbt That Eats Mice and Insects
The rbt wuld chase and eat mice and insects, and then digest their bdies t prduce its wn pwer. There are five different cncepts, including the musetrap cffee table rbt, which is designed t attract careless insects nt its surface, which cntains a trap dr set ff by mtin sensrs. Victims trapped by the device wuld be chemically separated and fed t a micrbial fuel cell. A light n the side f the device wuld infrm the wner f hw much energy is being prduced.
These inventins push the bundaries f innvatin, yet they seem unlikely t gain widespread acceptance.
1. Hw many applicatins d yu think will becme cmmercial successes?
A. 520, 277B. 260, 138C. 250, 638D. 120, 220
2. What des the underlined wrd “slt” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. cmputerB. pcketC. switchD. pening
3. What is the authr’s attitude twards these three inventins?
A. favrableB. indifferentC. dubtfulD. bjective
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了三项发明。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Nevertheless, f the 520, 277 applicatins that inventrs filed with USPTO in 2010, chances are that nt even half will be granted patents, and far fewer will becme cmmercial successes.(然而，在2010年发明家向美国专利商标局提交的520277份申请中，很可能连一半都没有获得专利，而获得商业成功的则少得多)”可知，在520277份申请中少于一半（约260138）获得了专利，获得商业成功的比260138少得多，由此推测D项“120, 220”符合获得商业成功的数量，故选D。
【2题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后“int which a phne apparently fits nicely(里面可以很好地适配手机)”可知，此处指“充电槽”，slt意为“槽，接口”，故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“These inventins push the bundaries f innvatin, yet they seem unlikely t gain widespread acceptance.(这些发明突破了创新的界限，但它们似乎不太可能被广泛接受)”可知，作者对这三项发明持怀疑态度，故选C。
B
Pi Jam Fundatin is a nn-gvernmental rganizatin aimed at prmting affrdable technlgy and quality. With its help, three high schl students at Kreeri Higher Secndary Schl in Baramulla, have created the Apple Grade (苹果分级机), a game-changing device set t imprve the apple grading prcedure.
The innvative Apple Grader, which has attained recgnitin during Natinal Technlgy Week, prmises t supprt lcal farmers by ffering them a tl t effectively grade and market their apple harvest. Previusly, apple grwers in the regin faced significant challenges due t the expensive and cmplicated prcess f apple grading. Lcal apple farmers in Kashmir face value discriminatin while selling ut their apples t businessmen as they dn't have expensive apple grading systems when harvesting the apples at their farms. Hwever, this bright tri (三人小组) f students, cnsisting f Shakir, Adnan and Furqan frm Kreeri Higher Secndary Schl, has designed a creative slutin that will level the playing field fr lcal apple grwers.
One f the key elements that set the Apple Grader apart is the students' use f cntextual (情境的) design thinking, applying the resurces and knwledge prvided by Pi Jam Fundatin and ATL Lab. This apprach has resulted in the creatin f a budget device that simplifies the prcess f washing, drying, cleaning, srting and grading apples, benefiting farmers in the area. The leader f Pi Jam Fundatin, Gulzar, expressed enthusiasm fr the prject, revealing that the first mdel f the Apple Grader will be available in the market within the next six mnths. Gulzar said that the Apple Grader cntinues t make imprvements. “This effrt serves as a shining example f hw yung students can drive psitive changes in sciety by making full use f what they have learned at schl,” he added.
“There are varius nging prjects where students wrk with great enthusiasm, including gas heaters, the Hney Bee prject, and several ther small inventins, t name a few,” Gulzar cntinued. Gulzar said the effrts f the students were generusly rewarded with a substantial fund, further encuraging their passin fr science. The yung inventrs are praised greatly fr their innvative creatins.
4. Why did the students create the Apple Grader?
A. T bst sales f lcal apples.B. T prmte the grwth f apples.
C. T raise mney fr apple grwers.D. T gain prfessinals' recgnitin.
5. Which can best describe the features f the Apple Grader?
A. Light, lw-cst and safe.B. Safe, ec-friendly and simple.
C. Cheap, user-friendly and effective.D. Simple, plain-lking and effective.
6. What message can the success f the Apple Grader cnvey t ther students?
A. Being hnest and realistic.B. Thinking twice befre acting.
C. Aiming high and being independent.D. Putting bk knwledge int practice.
7. What can we knw abut the students wrking with Pi Jam Fundatin?
A. They cme with rich inventing experience.B. They received cnsiderable financial supprt.
C. They have wn varius scientific awards.D. They determine t start their wn businesses.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了促进本地苹果的销售，巴拉穆拉Kreeri高中的三名高中生创造了苹果分级器。介绍了其特点以及人们对此的看法。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The innvative Apple Grader, which has attained recgnitin during Natinal Technlgy Week, prmises t supprt lcal farmers by ffering them a tl t effectively grade and market their apple harvest.(创新的苹果分级器在国家技术周期间获得了认可，它承诺通过为当地农民提供有效分级和销售苹果收成的工具来支持他们)”可知，学生们创建苹果分级器是为了促进本地苹果的销售。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The innvative Apple Grader, which has attained recgnitin during Natinal Technlgy Week, prmises t supprt lcal farmers by ffering them a tl t effectively grade and market their apple harvest. Previusly, apple grwers in the regin faced significant challenges due t the expensive and cmplicated prcess f apple grading.(创新的苹果分级器在国家技术周期间获得了认可，它承诺通过为当地农民提供有效分级和销售苹果收成的工具来支持他们。此前，由于昂贵而复杂的苹果分级器，该地区的苹果种植者面临着巨大的挑战)”以及第三段“This apprach has resulted in the creatin f a budget device that simplifies the prcess f washing, drying, cleaning, srting and grading apples, benefiting farmers in the area.(这种方法产生了一种预算装置，简化了苹果的洗涤、干燥、清洁、分类和分级过程，使该地区的农民受益)”可推知，苹果分级机便宜、方便、有效。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““This effrt serves as a shining example f hw yung students can drive psitive changes in sciety by making full use f what they have learned at schl,” he added.(他补充说：“这项努力是一个光辉的榜样，说明年轻学生如何充分利用他们在学校学到的知识，推动社会的积极变化。”)”可知，苹果分级机的成功向其他学生传达的信息是将书本知识付诸实践。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Gulzar said the effrts f the students were generusly rewarded with a substantial fund, further encuraging their passin fr science.(Gulzar说，学生们的努力得到了丰厚的资金奖励，进一步鼓励了他们对科学的热情)”可知，Pi Jam基金会的学生得到了可观的财政支持。故选B。
C
It is the respnsibility f a fd business t ensure that the fd prvided t custmers is safe t cnsume. In rder t d this prper fd safety criteria must always be fllwed. This includes ensuring that fd is nt spiled r expired. Best-befre dates, expiry dates (到期日) and packaging dates are key t knwing what fds are safe t prepare and serve, and which nes shuld be dispsed f. Different types f date markings n packages are used depending n the prduct.
A best-befre date n a fd package states when the duratin f the fd ends. Accrding t the Canadian Fd Inspectin Agency, durable life means “the anticipated amunt f time that an unpened fd prduct, when stred under apprpriate cnditins, will maintain its freshness, taste, nutritinal value, r any ther qualities claimed by the manufacturer (生产商).” This date can be fund n a package underneath the wrds “best befre”.
This date tells cnsumers that the unpened prduct shuld be f high quality until that specific date. The key with this date is that it is dependent upn the prduct being prperly handled and stred based n the requirements f that particular fd prduct. This means that failure t stick t the guidelines fr handling and string a particular prduct will affect its quality by the best-befre date. This als means that the best-befre date n lnger applies if a package is pened.
An expiry date is nt the same as a best-befre date. These dates are required n certain fds that have specific nutritinal cmpsitins that culd change after the determined expiratin date. In ther wrds, after the expiratin date has passed, the fd may nt have the nutrient cntent as described n the label.
Expiry dates are required fr frmulated liquid diets, fds sld by a drugstre, meal replacements, nutritinal supplements and infant frmula. If a fd has passed its expiratin date it shuld be discarded and nt used.
8. What d we knw abut best-befre dates?
A. It is always safe t eat a fd prduct earlier than the best-befre date.
B. The best-befre date applies even when a package is pened.
C. Cnsumers will be in danger if they eat fd that has passed the best-befre date.
D. The best-befre date indicates the safety f fd befre that specific date.
9. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing gds has an expiry date?
A. A pair f limited-editin sneakers.B. An article f designer dressing.
C. A can f milk pwder.D. A delicate vase.
10. What des the underlined wrd “discarded” in the last paragraph mean?
A. abandned.B. hidden.C. stred.D. heated.
11. What will be discussed in the fllwing paragraph?
A. The secret f manufacturers.B. The smart ways t buy best fd.
C. The descriptin f a packaging date.D. The way t stre prducts at hme.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了食品的“最佳食用日期”和“有效期”的含义。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“A best-befre date n a fd package states when the duratin f the fd ends.(食品包装上的‘最佳食用日期’标明了食品的保质期)”和第三段中“This date tells cnsumers that the unpened prduct shuld be f high quality until that specific date.(这个日期告诉消费者，在该特定日期之前，未开封的产品应该是高质量的)”可知，最佳食用日期表示在该特定日期之前的食品是安全的，故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Expiry dates are required fr frmulated liquid diets, fds sld by a drugstre, meal replacements, nutritinal supplements and infant frmula.(配方液体饮食、药店出售的食品、代餐、营养补充剂和婴儿配方奶粉都需要注明有效期)”可知，婴儿配方奶粉上需要注明有效期。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前“If a fd has passed its expiratin date(如果一种食物过了保质期)”和划线词后“nt used(不使用)”可知，如果一种食物过了保质期，就应该扔掉，不要再用了，discarded意为“丢弃”，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容以及第一段中“Best-befre dates, expiry dates (到期日) and packaging dates are key t knwing what fds are safe t prepare and serve, and which nes shuld be dispsed f.(最佳食用日期、有效期和包装日期是了解哪些食品可以安全准备和食用以及哪些食品应该处理的关键)”可知，文章已经介绍了“最佳食用日期”和“有效期”，由此推知接下来应是讨论“包装日期”，故选C。
D
Umbrella species are species that are selected fr cnservatin-related decisins because the cnservatin and prtectin f these species indirectly affects the cnservatin and prtectin f ther species within their ecsystem. Umbrella species help in the selectin f ptential reserve lcatins, as well as the determinatin f the cmpsitin f the reserve. Umbrella species usually have a large area requirement fr which the cnservatin f the species extends the prtectin t ther species sharing the same habitat. Umbrella species are representative f ther species in their habitat since they are knwn species, and they als determine the area f cnservatin. The prtectin extended t the ther species by the presence f the umbrella species is knwn as the umbrella effect.
The cncept f umbrella species has been used in the creatin f wildlife crridr with fcal species chsen fr their suitability in the cnservatin prcess. The umbrella effect is the degree f species impact n ther surrunding species resulting frm the cnservatin measures undertaken in the area. Umbrella species is a faster and less expensive means f cnservatin since it reduces the cst f investment in sampling that is necessary fr priritizing (优先考虑) an area fr cnservatin.
Umbrella species can be bth plants and animals species with either f the species ffering prtectin t the ther. Mst f the umbrella species are listed as endangered r threatened n the IUCN (Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature and Natural Resurces) Red List, and therefre their cnservatin extends t the cnservatin f their habitat. Sme f the ntable umbrella species include sptted wl whse cnservatin prtects the ld grwth trees the cnservatin f bth species has led t the prtectin f mllusks and salamanders within the prtective bundary. The prtectin f the Bay checkerspt butterfly autmatically leads t the prtectin f the grassland while the cnservatin f the Amur tiger in the Russian Far East als means an autmatic cnservatin and prtectin f the deer and bar in their habitat. The prtectin f canebrake ffers further prtectin t brader species within its habitat because f the umbrella effect. Prtectin f the rattlesnakes als ffer prtectin t ther wildlife species fund within their habitat.
12. What can we learn abut umbrella species?
A. Only animal species can be used as umbrella species.
B. Umbrella species refer t species that prvide prtectin fr ther species.
C. Umbrella species are aimlessly picked ut by cnservatinists.
D. The majrity f umbrella species are endangered r threatened.
13. What is the main idea f Paragraph 3?
A The examples f umbrella species.B. The definitin f umbrella species.
C. The cnsequence f umbrella species.D. The limitatin f umbrella species.
14. Which f the fllwing can be cnsidered as the umbrella effect?
A. A hst f plants and animals benefit frm the prtectin f giants pandas.
B. Peple’s living standards are imprved due t the mayr’s (市长) leadership.
C. The intrductin f a new species bring ut a cmpetitin in a lcal ecsystem.
D. The ppulatin f antelpes (羚羊) has recvered since the nature reserve was set up.
15. In which sectin can this passage mst likely be fund in a magazine?
A. Human and nature.B. A science reprt.C. Envirnment.D. Healthy lifestyle.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了伞护种的概念和好处，伞状效应以及伞护种的例子。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Mst f the umbrella species are listed as endangered r threatened n the IUCN (Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature and Natural Resurces) Red List, and therefre their cnservatin extends t the cnservatin f their habitat. (大部分伞护种已被列入国际自然及自然资源保护联盟(IUCN)红色名录内，列为濒危或受威胁的动物，因此，保育工作已扩展至保育它们的栖息地。)”可知，大多数的伞护种濒临灭绝或受到威胁。故选D。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。通读第三段，尤其是“Sme f the ntable umbrella species include sptted wl whse cnservatin prtects the ld grwth trees the cnservatin f bth species has led t the prtectin f mllusks and salamanders within the prtective bundary. The prtectin f the Bay checkerspt butterfly autmatically leads t the prtectin f the grassland while the cnservatin f the Amur tiger in the Russian Far East als means an autmatic cnservatin and prtectin f the deer and bar in their habitat. The prtectin f canebrake ffers further prtectin t brader species within its habitat because f the umbrella effect. Prtectin f the rattlesnakes als ffer prtectin t ther wildlife species fund within their habitat. (其中一些值得注意的伞护种包括斑点猫头鹰，它们的保育工作保护古树。对格斑蝶的保护自动导致对草原的保护，而对俄罗斯远东地区的阿穆尔虎的保护也意味着对鹿和野猪栖息地的自动保护。由于保护伞效应的存在，甘蔗的保护为其栖息地内更广泛的物种提供了进一步的保护。对响尾蛇的保护也为在其栖息地内发现的其他野生物种提供了保护。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了伞护种的例子。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The umbrella effect is the degree f species impact n ther surrunding species resulting frm the cnservatin measures undertaken in the area. (伞状效应是指在该地区采取的保护措施对周围其他物种造成的影响程度。)”可推知，A项“许多动植物受益于大熊猫的保护。”符合伞状效应，故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Umbrella species are species that are selected fr cnservatin-related decisins because the cnservatin and prtectin f these species indirectly affects the cnservatin and prtectin f ther species within their ecsystem. (伞护种是选择作出与保育有关的决定的物种，因为保育和保护这些物种会间接影响其生态系统内其他物种的保育和保护。)”可知，文章主要介绍了伞护种的概念和好处，伞状效应以及伞护种的例子，这是与环境相关的话题，由此可推知，文章可能出现在杂志的环境专栏，故选C。
第二节 （共5 小题; 每小题2.5 分, 满分12.5 分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
N ne is perfect. We all make mistakes frm time t time. It’s just part f being human. While sme mistakes are minr and dn’t affect anyne but urselves, thers may be majr and affect ne r mre peple—thse wrk fr r with us, ur friends and lved nes. ____16____ The fllwing strategies can help yu get the aplgy right.
Imagine their perspective. Yu’re highly recmmended t think abut hw the things yu said r did wrng wuld have made yu feel if it were yur bss r friend r lved ne n the giving end. ____17____ Use the knwledge yu gain frm this exercise t create a radmap fr yur wn aplgy.
____18____ When smene’s feelings have been hurt, they want t knw that yu recgnize the emtins that they’re feeling, and that yu are taking steps t mend whatever damage has been dne. Take time t acknwledge and talk thrugh the ther persn’s feelings, and encurage them t speak freely and hnestly.
Restre a sense f “us”. When yu wrng smene in sme way, yu als damage the trust that yu’ve taken s lng t build. ____19____ “Remind the injured party f yur shared histry, yur cmmnalities, yur shared gals. Reassure him r her that yu are n the same team, and have n intentin f letting the team dwn again.” Scial psychlgist Heidi Grant Halvrsn said.
Knw yur audience. Yur aplgy shuld be tailred t the audience that yu’re giving it t. An aplgy yu make t yur bss fr missing a deadline is ging t be quite different frm the aplgy yu make t a friend (r spuse) fr frgetting his/her birthday. ____20____
A. That’s when we shuld aplgize.
B. Acknwledge their feelings and values.
C. But healing wrk is the wrk f the brave.
D. In ther wrds, put yurself in their shes fr a mment.
E. Trust can take mnths r years t build, but it can be lst in a secnd.
F. Make sure yu cnsider the audience when yu craft—and deliver—yur aplgy.
G. Dne right, aplgies can settle cnflict, repair feelings, and imprve relatinships.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些道歉的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“While sme mistakes are minr and dn’t affect anyne but urselves, thers may be majr and affect ne r mre peple—thse wrk fr r with us, ur friends and lved nes. (虽然有些错误是次要的，只影响到我们自己，但有些错误可能是重大的，影响到一个或更多的人——那些为我们工作或与我们一起工作的人，我们的朋友和亲人。)”以及后文“The fllwing strategies can help yu get the aplgy right. (下面的策略可以帮助你正确地道歉。)”可知，本句承接上文，说明犯了错应该道歉。故A选项“那时候我们应该道歉”符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Imagine their perspective. Yu’re highly recmmended t think abut hw the things yu said r did wrng wuld have made yu feel if it were yur bss r friend r lved ne n the giving end. (想象一下他们的观点。强烈建议你思考一下，如果是你的老板、朋友或爱人，你说错或做错的事情会让你有什么感觉。)”可知，本句是在建议换位思考，故D选项“换句话说，暂时设身处地为他们想想”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据本段内容“When smene’s feelings have been hurt, they want t knw that yu recgnize the emtins that they’re feeling, and that yu are taking steps t mend whatever damage has been dne. Take time t acknwledge and talk thrugh the ther persn’s feelings, and encurage them t speak freely and hnestly. (当某人的感情受到伤害时，他们想知道你认识到他们的情感，并且你正在采取措施弥补所造成的伤害。花点时间去承认和谈论对方的感受，鼓励他们自由而诚实地说话。)”可知，本段的主旨是承认到自己伤害的人感受，故B选项“承认他们的感受和价值观”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Restre a sense f “us”. When yu wrng smene in sme way, yu als damage the trust that yu’ve taken s lng t build. (恢复“我们”的感觉。当你以某种方式伤害了某人，你也破坏了你花了这么长时间建立起来的信任。)”可知，上文提到了建立信任花费很长时间，故E选项“信任可能需要几个月或几年的时间来建立，但它可能在一秒钟内失去。”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Knw yur audience. Yur aplgy shuld be tailred t the audience that yu’re giving it t. An aplgy yu make t yur bss fr missing a deadline is ging t be quite different frm the aplgy yu make t a friend (r spuse) fr frgetting his/her birthday. (了解你的听众。你的道歉应该针对你要道歉的听众。你因为错过最后期限而向老板道歉，和你因为忘记朋友（或配偶）的生日而向他/她道歉是完全不同的。)”可知，本段的主旨是了解听众，F选项中audience对应上文audience。故F选项“在道歉的时候，一定要考虑到听众。”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30 分）
第一节（共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was tw weeks befre the hlidays, and I decided t have the family picture taken by a ____21____ phtgrapher. I called the lcal phtgrapher and made the ____22____ . The phtgrapher tld me since there wasn’t much time befre the hlidays, he wuld cme first thing Sunday mrning and tld me t have the whle family in ____23____ shirts. It sunded perfect.
Nw, nt nly did I have my usual five millin things t d — carpling, buying last-minute presents, grcery shpping, cking and ____24____ my family was happy — but I als had t find ____25____ whites tps fr my entire family.
I was nt sure where the rest f the hurs ____26____ , but when I went t tuck in my yunger sn n Saturday night, I ____27____ his hair was a cmplete mess. OMG! He needed a ____28____ . With all my running arund, I hadn’t nticed hw ____29____ he needed ne. It was 8:00 at night, and the barber’s was clsed. The ____30____ was cming the next mrning.
I gt ut the ____31____ . My yunger sn is very easyging and cperative. I wet his hair, ____32____ it and started cutting. When I was dne, we lked at each ther and bth knew that the haircut was a ____33____ !
When he saw my sn, my shcked husband tld me t g dwnstairs and have a cup f tea while he ____34____ the situatin. Ten minutes later, my sn with his lder brther and their dad, all came dwnstairs with buzz cuts(寸头)! My beautiful family picture was ____35____ n time — just with a little less hair!
21.
A. messyB. prfessinalC. internatinalD. rmantic
22.
A. appintmentB. excuseC. cmplaintD. aplgy
23.
A. redB. purpleC. yellwD. white
24.
A. taking utB. getting thrughC. wiping utD. making sure
25.
A. suitingB. fittingC. matchingD. applying
26.
A. draggedB. flwedC. wentD. wasted
27.
A. suspectedB. nticedC. detectedD. accused
28.
A. haircutB. washC. styleD. checkup
29.
A. badlyB. graduallyC. extremelyD. anxiusly
30.
A. barberB. SantaC. phtgrapherD. neighbr
31.
A. aprnB. scissrsC. mirrrD. skills
32.
A. bservedB. studiedC. designedD. cmbed
33.
A. funB. disasterC. entertainmentD. jke
34.
A. handledB. dealtC. cleanedD. adjusted
35.
A. paintedB. createdC. shtD. shwn
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者在拍全家福的前一天晚上动手给儿子理发的生活故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：离假期还有两周，我决定请专业摄影师帮我拍全家福。A. messy混乱的；B. prfessinal专业的；C. internatinal国际的；D. rmantic浪漫的。根据语境及下文“I called the lcal phtgrapher”作者打电话预约可知，作者应是请专业摄影师来拍照。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我打电话给当地的摄影师，约好了时间。A. appintment约会，预约；B. excuse借口；C. cmplaint抱怨；D. aplgy道歉。根据“I called the lcal phtgrapher”以及下文“he wuld cme first thing Sunday mrning”可知，此处指打电话预约时间，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：摄影师告诉我，因为离假期的时间不多了，他周日早上第一件事就是过来，并告诉我让全家人都穿白衬衫。A. red红色的；B. purple紫色的；C. yellw黄色的；D. white白色的。根据下文“but I als had t find ____5____ whites tps fr my entire family”可知，摄影师让作者准备好白衬衫，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我不仅有像往常一样多的事情要做——拼车、买最后一分钟的礼物、买杂货、做饭和确保我的家人开心——而且我还必须为我的家人找到相称的白色上衣。A. taking ut拿出；B. getting thrugh通过，经历；C. wiping ut擦掉；D. making sure确保。根据下文“my family was happy”可知，作者要确保家人开心，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. suiting适合；B. fitting适合（场合）的，恰当的；C. matching相同的，相称的；D. applying申请。结合空后的“whites tps”可知，此处指为全家人找到相称的白色上衣，matching指“（颜色、形状、款式等）相称的，相配的”，符合语境，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道剩下的时间都去哪儿了，但周六晚上，当我去哄小儿子睡觉时，我注意到他的头发完全乱了。A. dragged拖，拽；B. flwed流动；C. went流逝，过去；D. wasted浪费。根据空前的“the rest f the hurs”可知，此处指不知道时间怎么过这么快，g“流逝”符合语境，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. suspected怀疑；B. nticed注意到；C. detected发现，查明；D. accused指责，控告。根据“his hair was a cmplete mess”可知，作者注意到儿子头发凌乱，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要理发。A. haircut理发；B. wash洗涤；C. style风格；D. checkup检查。根据上文“his hair was a cmplete mess”可知，儿子头发凌乱，需要理发，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一直在四处奔波，没有注意到他是多么迫切需要理发。A. badly非常，很；B. gradually逐渐地；C. extremely极端地；D. anxiusly焦虑地。上文提到儿子头发非常凌乱，下文也讲述作者亲自给儿子剪头发，故儿子迫切需要理发，badly表示程度，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：摄影师第二天早上来了。A. barber理发师；B. Santa圣诞老人；C. phtgrapher摄影师；D. neighbr邻居。根据上文“he wuld cme first thing Sunday mrning”以及空后的“was cming the next mrning”可知，摄影师和作者约定周日上午来，作者是周六晚上注意到儿子头发凌乱，故第二天是摄影师要来，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我拿出剪刀。A. aprn围裙；B. scissrs剪刀；C. mirrr镜子；D. skills技巧。根据下文“started cutting”可知，作者拿出剪刀给儿子剪头发，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打湿了他的头发，梳理好，开始剪。A. bserved观察；B. studied学习；C. designed设计；D. cmbed梳理。根据空前的“I wet his hair”以及空后“started cutting”可知，作者打湿头发，梳理好，然后开始剪，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我剪完头发后，我们面面相觑，都知道这个发型彻底失败了！A. fun乐趣；B. disaster彻底的失败；C. entertainment娱乐；D. jke玩笑。根据语境及下文“When he saw my sn, my shcked husband”可知，丈夫看到儿子的发型很震惊，说明作者剪得不好，彻底失败了。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他看到我儿子的时候，我的丈夫震惊了，他让我下楼去喝杯茶，他来处理这件事。A. handled处理，应付；B. dealt处理；C. cleaned打扫；D. adjusted调整。根据“tld me t g dwnstairs and have a cup f tea”以及下文“Ten minutes later, my sn with his lder brther and their dad, all came dwnstairs with buzz cuts(寸头)!(十分钟后，我儿子和他哥哥还有他们的爸爸，都剪着寸头下楼来了)”可知，儿子的头发剪得不好，丈夫让作者上楼，自己来处理这个情况，deal后常接介词with，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我美丽的全家福是按时拍摄的——只是头发少了一点！A. painted绘画；B. created创造；C. sht拍摄；D. shwn展示。根据主语“My beautiful family picture”可知，此处指拍摄照片，故选C。
第 II 卷（非选择题部分）
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhuzhuang Twn lies in Suzhu. The wden wells, remains f ancient animals, and rice seeds ____36____ (dig) ut at Liangzhu Site in Taishidian indicate traces (痕迹) f human activities that dated back thusands f years.
Driven by scial and ecnmic prgress, the twn _____37_____ (fund) in 1086, and “Zhuzhuang”, ____38____ name f the twn, has been used ever since. The twn, ____39____ lies in the basin f the Suzhu sectin f the Grand Canal, enjys an ____40____ (favr) gegraphic envirnment as well as a well-develped watercurse system.
Since the 12th century, the twn has becme a trade centre after several rivers were cnnected by ancient peple. Later, as rich businessmen and men f letters came t settle dwn in large numbers, waterside cnstructins ____41____ (reflect) ancient peple’s wisdm quickly appeared. Thse cnstructins, such as arcades (拱廊) ver streets, large huses ____42____ big curtyards, and riverside galleries, created an envirnment fr the twnspeple ____43____ (be) in harmny with nature.
As the prtectin fr the twn has been ging n ____44____ (cntinuus), the twn has kept its riginal _____45_____ (appear), with its #-shaped river system, traditinal cnstructins, and unique flk custms. Cme t have a trip, and yu will be impressed deeply.
【答案】36 dug
37. was funded
38. the 39. which
40. favrable
41. reflecting
42. with 43. t be
44. cntinuusly
45. appearance
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“周庄”的位置、特色等相关信息。
36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在太石店良渚遗址出土的木井、古代动物遗骸和水稻种子表明，人类活动的痕迹可以追溯到几千年前。本句谓语为indicate，此处应用非谓语动词，且The wden wells, remains f ancient animals, and rice seeds与dig ut“挖出”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填dug。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在社会经济进步的推动下，小镇于1086年建立，“周庄”这个小镇的名字一直沿用至今。分析句子结构可知，本空为and前句子的谓语，且第三人称单数形式的主语the twn与fund“建立”为被动关系，结合时间状语in 1086可知，本句用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was funded。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在社会经济进步的推动下，小镇于1086年建立，“周庄”这个小镇的名字一直沿用至今。根据Zhuzhuang和name f the twn可知，此处特指“周庄”这个名字，应用定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：该镇位于大运河苏州段的流域，地理环境优越，水道系统发达。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The twn，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该镇位于大运河苏州段的流域，地理环境优越，水道系统发达。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词favrable“有利的”，作定语，修饰gegraphic envirnment。故填favrable。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，随着富商和文人的大量定居，体现古人智慧的水边建筑迅速出现。本句谓语为appeared，此处应用非谓语动词，且waterside cnstructins与reflect“体现”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故填reflecting。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：这些建筑，如街道上的拱廊、带大庭院的大房子和河边的画廊，为市民创造了一个与自然和谐相处的环境。根据large huses和big curtyards, and riverside galleries可知，此处表示“带大庭院的房子”，用介词with，表示“具有”。故填with。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些建筑，如街道上的拱廊、带大庭院的大房子和河边的画廊，为市民创造了一个与自然和谐相处的环境。本句谓语为created，此处应用非谓语动词，作目的状语，应用不定式。故填t be。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着古镇保护的不断进行，古镇保持了原貌，#型水系，传统建筑，独特的民俗风情。修饰动词ging n，应用副词cntinuusly“连续不断地”。故填cntinuusly。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着古镇保护的不断进行，古镇保持了原貌，#型水系，传统建筑，独特的民俗风情。分析句子结构可知，本空用名词appearance“外貌”，作kept的宾语。故填appearance。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40 分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15 分）
46. 假定你是李华，得知好友 Eric回国后在学校成立了中国传统文化和习俗学习小组。请给他写 一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示祝贺；2.询问学习内容；3.期待他分享学习体会。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Eric,
I’m writing t extend my heartfelt cngratulatins t yu n the establishment f the Chinese traditinal culture and custm study grup in yur schl.
I’m glad that yu are s fascinated by ur traditinal culture and custms and I’d be truly thrilled if yu culd share sme insights int the tpics and the activities that yur study grup will explre. Are yu fcusing n sme specific aspects, such as Chinese calligraphy, festival custms, r ancient literature? I’m eager t learn abut yur reflectins and the valuable lessns yu’ve gained frm studying Chinese traditinal culture and custms.
Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友 Eric写一封邮件，祝贺他回国后在学校成立了中国传统文化和习俗学习小组，询问学习内容并期待他分享学习体会。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→pleased
兴奋的：thrilled→excited
专注于：fcus n→cncentrate n
获得：gain→btain
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing t extend my heartfelt cngratulatins t yu n the establishment f the Chinese traditinal culture and custm study grup in yur schl.
拓展句：Hearing that yu established the Chinese traditinal culture and custm study grup in yur schl, I’m writing t extend my heartfelt cngratulatins t yu.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad that yu are s fascinated by ur traditinal culture and custms and I’d be truly thrilled if yu culd share sme insights int the tpics and the activities that yur study grup will explre.（运用了that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句以及后一个that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m eager t learn abut yur reflectins and the valuable lessns yu’ve gained frm studying Chinese traditinal culture and custms.（运用了省略关系词的定语从句）
第二节 读后续写 （满分25 分）
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
A Girl Withut Left Arm
Smetimes yur biggest weakness can becme yur biggest strength. A yung girl decided t learn jud (柔道), thugh she had lst her left arm in a car accident.
This girl began lessns with an ld Japanese jud cach. She was ding well. But she culdn’t understand why, after three mnths f training, the cach had taught her nly ne mve.
“Cach,” the girl finally asked, “shuldn’t I learn mre mves?”
“This is the nly mve yu knw, and this is the nly mve yu’ll ever need t knw,” the cach replied.
Nt quite understanding, but believing in her teacher, the girl kept training.
Several mnths later, the cach tk the girl t her first turnament (锦标赛). She used the mve t win several matches and she was nw in the finals.
This time, her ppnent (对手) was bigger, strnger and mre experienced. Cncerned that the girl might get hurt, the judge called a time-ut. She was abut t give up the match.
“N,” the cach insisted, “let her cntinue.”
Sn after the match restarted, her ppnent thught little f her and drpped his guard. Instantly, the girl used her mve t defeat her ppnent. She became the champin.
On the way hme, the girl and her teacher reviewed every mve in each match. Then the girl asked what was really n her mind.
“Cach, hw did I win the turnament with nly ne mve?”
“Tw reasns,” the cach answered. “First, yu’ve almst mastered ne f the mst difficult thrws in all f jud. Secnd, yur ppnent’s nly defense against that mve is t catch yur left arm.”
注意：
1.续写词数150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hearing what her cach said, the girl was in deep thught.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With tears running dwn her face, she realized what she lacked was just “ne mve”.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Hearing what her cach said, the girl was in deep thught. Head dwn, she thught f her timidity — she lacked cnfidence because she had lst her left arm. Frequently, she gave up n herself. But smetimes, she was heard murmuring t herself, “Hw can I make it?” “I’m afraid it’s beynd my ability,” and the like. She even refused t keep in tuch with ld friends fr fear f being laughed at. What’s even wrse, fluently as she had practiced at hme, she did nt dare t shw up in the frnt f the classrm.
With tears running dwn her face, she realized what she lacked was just “ne mve”. It’s the mve t becme cnfident. Frtunately, the girl eventually came t realize that in life she has nly ne enemy, herself, t defeat. Quite determined, she rejined her friends and fllwed her dream t be a painter. Equipped with curage and cnfidence, the girl became the master f herself, living a wnderful life.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个失去左臂的女孩学习柔道，教练只教了她一个动作，几个月后她参加锦标赛并夺得冠军，在回家的路上她问教练自己为什么能赢，教练说：“首先，你几乎掌握了柔道中最难的一个动作。其次，你的对手对这个动作的唯一防御就是抓住你的左臂。”
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听到教练的话，女孩陷入了沉思。”可知，第一段可描写女孩的心理活动。
②由第二段首句内容“她泪流满面，意识到自己缺的只是‘一个动作’。”可知，第二段可描写女孩意识到自己的敌人只有她自己，以及她之后的改变。
2.续写线索：缺乏自信——害怕被嘲笑——意识到自己是自己的敌人——决心改变——过着精彩的生活
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拒绝：refuse/decline
②出现：shw up/turn up
③过着……生活：live/lead
情绪类
①害怕：fr fear f/afraid f
②勇气：curage/bravery
【点睛】[高分句型1] What’s even wrse, fluently as she had practiced at hme, she did nt dare t shw up in the frnt f the classrm.（由as引导的让步状语从句的倒装结构）
[高分句型2] Frtunately, the girl eventually came t realize that in life she has nly ne enemy, herself, t defeat.（由连接代词that引导的宾语从句）
考生须知：
1．本卷共 8 页满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟；
2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、学号和姓名；考场号、座位号写在指定位置；
3．所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效；
4．考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。
第 I 卷（选择题部分）
第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the wman d this Saturday?
A. G t the z. B. Fly t Lndn. C. See her sister ff.
2. What des the wman want Jim t d?
A. D the laundry. B. Prepare dinner. C. Repair a machine.
3. Where are the speakers?
A. In the dining hall. B. In the library. C. In the gym.
4. What is the cnversatin mainly abut?
A. A difficult questin. B. A piece f writing. C. A persn.
5. Hw des the man sund?
A. Srry. B. Disappinted. C. Understanding.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 22. 5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题 5 秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What des the man suggest the wman eat?
A. Sme spaghetti. B. Sme chicken. C. A beef sandwich.
7. What is the wman ging t d next?
A. Order dishes. B. Call her dctr. C. Eat an egg.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8. Hw did the wman finally deal with the email?
A. She replied t it. B. She shwed it t the plice. C. She tk n ntice f it.
9. What des the man remind the wman t d at last?
A. Avid using public Wi-Fi. B. Update applicatins in time. C. Use special passwrds.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 13 题。
10. Which schl pened the dr fr Uldus t study phtgraphy?
A. The Nrth-West Academy f Public Administratin.
B. Central Saint Martins.
C. Lndn Cllege f Fashin.
11. What is the subject f mst f Uldus’ phtgraphs?
A. Escapism. B. Herism. C. Individualism.
12. What kind f peple des Uldus enjy wrking with?
A. Thse wh live a clrful life.
B. Thse wh are very creative.
C. Thse wh lead a tugh life.
13. What is Uldus’ attitude twards digital technlgy?
A. Ambiguus. B. Disapprving. C. Supprtive.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14. What animals are the speakers lking at in the beginning?
A. Sme rabbits. B. Sme sparrws. C. Sme squirrels.
15. Hw far have the speakers walked?
A. Arund 1,000 meters. B. Arund 700 meters. C. Arund 600 meters.
16. What des the man regret ding?
A. Carrying lts f things. B. Climbing the muntain. C. Eating t much.
17. What des the wman ask the man t give her?
A. Sme chclates. B. A water bttle. C. A rubbish bag.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. What d we knw abut the players in the Village Super League?
A. They all cme frm the same ethnic grup.
B. They play sccer in the evening.
C. They are prfessinal.
19. What d the cheerleaders d befre a match starts?
A. Play sme instruments. B. Give dance perfrmances. C. Sing sme flk sngs.
20. What is the speaker willing t d?
A. Write sme emails.
B. Offer visitrs best psitins.
C. Invite sme friends t a festival.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Sme inventins are s cmmn that it’s difficult t imagine they started as an idea written n paper and then a patent applicatin submitted t the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). The ballpint pen, the cmputer muse, and the micrwave ven — these are just a few examples f great ideas that became essential prducts we nw take fr granted.
Nevertheless, f the 520, 277 applicatins that inventrs filed with USPTO in 2010, chances are that nt even half will be granted patents, and far fewer will becme cmmercial successes. In that spirit, here are three f the technlgical advances:
Mind Cntrl Helmet
The helmet is equipped with the trans cranial pulsed ultrasund (经颅脉冲超声) technlgy, which delivers high-frequency sund waves t specific regins f the brain. Under the influence f these sund waves, neurns (神经元) send impulses (脉冲) t their targets, taking cntrl ver them.
Bdy Armr with Flashlight and Camera/Phne Charger
The flexible arm, which is armred with Kevlar and hard plastic, cntains a rechargeable battery pack that pwers a special device built int the arm’s artificial skin. It is als equipped with a bright LED flashlight, an HD camera capable f sending pictures, and a charging slt int which a phne apparently fits nicely.
Rbt That Eats Mice and Insects
The rbt wuld chase and eat mice and insects, and then digest their bdies t prduce its wn pwer. There are five different cncepts, including the musetrap cffee table rbt, which is designed t attract careless insects nt its surface, which cntains a trap dr set ff by mtin sensrs. Victims trapped by the device wuld be chemically separated and fed t a micrbial fuel cell. A light n the side f the device wuld infrm the wner f hw much energy is being prduced.
These inventins push the bundaries f innvatin, yet they seem unlikely t gain widespread acceptance.
1. Hw many applicatins d yu think will becme cmmercial successes?
A. 520, 277B. 260, 138C. 250, 638D. 120, 220
2. What des the underlined wrd “slt” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. cmputerB. pcketC. switchD. pening
3. What is the authr’s attitude twards these three inventins?
A. favrableB. indifferentC. dubtfulD. bjective
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了三项发明。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Nevertheless, f the 520, 277 applicatins that inventrs filed with USPTO in 2010, chances are that nt even half will be granted patents, and far fewer will becme cmmercial successes.(然而，在2010年发明家向美国专利商标局提交的520277份申请中，很可能连一半都没有获得专利，而获得商业成功的则少得多)”可知，在520277份申请中少于一半（约260138）获得了专利，获得商业成功的比260138少得多，由此推测D项“120, 220”符合获得商业成功的数量，故选D。
【2题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后“int which a phne apparently fits nicely(里面可以很好地适配手机)”可知，此处指“充电槽”，slt意为“槽，接口”，故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“These inventins push the bundaries f innvatin, yet they seem unlikely t gain widespread acceptance.(这些发明突破了创新的界限，但它们似乎不太可能被广泛接受)”可知，作者对这三项发明持怀疑态度，故选C。
B
Pi Jam Fundatin is a nn-gvernmental rganizatin aimed at prmting affrdable technlgy and quality. With its help, three high schl students at Kreeri Higher Secndary Schl in Baramulla, have created the Apple Grade (苹果分级机), a game-changing device set t imprve the apple grading prcedure.
The innvative Apple Grader, which has attained recgnitin during Natinal Technlgy Week, prmises t supprt lcal farmers by ffering them a tl t effectively grade and market their apple harvest. Previusly, apple grwers in the regin faced significant challenges due t the expensive and cmplicated prcess f apple grading. Lcal apple farmers in Kashmir face value discriminatin while selling ut their apples t businessmen as they dn't have expensive apple grading systems when harvesting the apples at their farms. Hwever, this bright tri (三人小组) f students, cnsisting f Shakir, Adnan and Furqan frm Kreeri Higher Secndary Schl, has designed a creative slutin that will level the playing field fr lcal apple grwers.
One f the key elements that set the Apple Grader apart is the students' use f cntextual (情境的) design thinking, applying the resurces and knwledge prvided by Pi Jam Fundatin and ATL Lab. This apprach has resulted in the creatin f a budget device that simplifies the prcess f washing, drying, cleaning, srting and grading apples, benefiting farmers in the area. The leader f Pi Jam Fundatin, Gulzar, expressed enthusiasm fr the prject, revealing that the first mdel f the Apple Grader will be available in the market within the next six mnths. Gulzar said that the Apple Grader cntinues t make imprvements. “This effrt serves as a shining example f hw yung students can drive psitive changes in sciety by making full use f what they have learned at schl,” he added.
“There are varius nging prjects where students wrk with great enthusiasm, including gas heaters, the Hney Bee prject, and several ther small inventins, t name a few,” Gulzar cntinued. Gulzar said the effrts f the students were generusly rewarded with a substantial fund, further encuraging their passin fr science. The yung inventrs are praised greatly fr their innvative creatins.
4. Why did the students create the Apple Grader?
A. T bst sales f lcal apples.B. T prmte the grwth f apples.
C. T raise mney fr apple grwers.D. T gain prfessinals' recgnitin.
5. Which can best describe the features f the Apple Grader?
A. Light, lw-cst and safe.B. Safe, ec-friendly and simple.
C. Cheap, user-friendly and effective.D. Simple, plain-lking and effective.
6. What message can the success f the Apple Grader cnvey t ther students?
A. Being hnest and realistic.B. Thinking twice befre acting.
C. Aiming high and being independent.D. Putting bk knwledge int practice.
7. What can we knw abut the students wrking with Pi Jam Fundatin?
A. They cme with rich inventing experience.B. They received cnsiderable financial supprt.
C. They have wn varius scientific awards.D. They determine t start their wn businesses.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了促进本地苹果的销售，巴拉穆拉Kreeri高中的三名高中生创造了苹果分级器。介绍了其特点以及人们对此的看法。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The innvative Apple Grader, which has attained recgnitin during Natinal Technlgy Week, prmises t supprt lcal farmers by ffering them a tl t effectively grade and market their apple harvest.(创新的苹果分级器在国家技术周期间获得了认可，它承诺通过为当地农民提供有效分级和销售苹果收成的工具来支持他们)”可知，学生们创建苹果分级器是为了促进本地苹果的销售。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The innvative Apple Grader, which has attained recgnitin during Natinal Technlgy Week, prmises t supprt lcal farmers by ffering them a tl t effectively grade and market their apple harvest. Previusly, apple grwers in the regin faced significant challenges due t the expensive and cmplicated prcess f apple grading.(创新的苹果分级器在国家技术周期间获得了认可，它承诺通过为当地农民提供有效分级和销售苹果收成的工具来支持他们。此前，由于昂贵而复杂的苹果分级器，该地区的苹果种植者面临着巨大的挑战)”以及第三段“This apprach has resulted in the creatin f a budget device that simplifies the prcess f washing, drying, cleaning, srting and grading apples, benefiting farmers in the area.(这种方法产生了一种预算装置，简化了苹果的洗涤、干燥、清洁、分类和分级过程，使该地区的农民受益)”可推知，苹果分级机便宜、方便、有效。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““This effrt serves as a shining example f hw yung students can drive psitive changes in sciety by making full use f what they have learned at schl,” he added.(他补充说：“这项努力是一个光辉的榜样，说明年轻学生如何充分利用他们在学校学到的知识，推动社会的积极变化。”)”可知，苹果分级机的成功向其他学生传达的信息是将书本知识付诸实践。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Gulzar said the effrts f the students were generusly rewarded with a substantial fund, further encuraging their passin fr science.(Gulzar说，学生们的努力得到了丰厚的资金奖励，进一步鼓励了他们对科学的热情)”可知，Pi Jam基金会的学生得到了可观的财政支持。故选B。
C
It is the respnsibility f a fd business t ensure that the fd prvided t custmers is safe t cnsume. In rder t d this prper fd safety criteria must always be fllwed. This includes ensuring that fd is nt spiled r expired. Best-befre dates, expiry dates (到期日) and packaging dates are key t knwing what fds are safe t prepare and serve, and which nes shuld be dispsed f. Different types f date markings n packages are used depending n the prduct.
A best-befre date n a fd package states when the duratin f the fd ends. Accrding t the Canadian Fd Inspectin Agency, durable life means “the anticipated amunt f time that an unpened fd prduct, when stred under apprpriate cnditins, will maintain its freshness, taste, nutritinal value, r any ther qualities claimed by the manufacturer (生产商).” This date can be fund n a package underneath the wrds “best befre”.
This date tells cnsumers that the unpened prduct shuld be f high quality until that specific date. The key with this date is that it is dependent upn the prduct being prperly handled and stred based n the requirements f that particular fd prduct. This means that failure t stick t the guidelines fr handling and string a particular prduct will affect its quality by the best-befre date. This als means that the best-befre date n lnger applies if a package is pened.
An expiry date is nt the same as a best-befre date. These dates are required n certain fds that have specific nutritinal cmpsitins that culd change after the determined expiratin date. In ther wrds, after the expiratin date has passed, the fd may nt have the nutrient cntent as described n the label.
Expiry dates are required fr frmulated liquid diets, fds sld by a drugstre, meal replacements, nutritinal supplements and infant frmula. If a fd has passed its expiratin date it shuld be discarded and nt used.
8. What d we knw abut best-befre dates?
A. It is always safe t eat a fd prduct earlier than the best-befre date.
B. The best-befre date applies even when a package is pened.
C. Cnsumers will be in danger if they eat fd that has passed the best-befre date.
D. The best-befre date indicates the safety f fd befre that specific date.
9. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing gds has an expiry date?
A. A pair f limited-editin sneakers.B. An article f designer dressing.
C. A can f milk pwder.D. A delicate vase.
10. What des the underlined wrd “discarded” in the last paragraph mean?
A. abandned.B. hidden.C. stred.D. heated.
11. What will be discussed in the fllwing paragraph?
A. The secret f manufacturers.B. The smart ways t buy best fd.
C. The descriptin f a packaging date.D. The way t stre prducts at hme.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了食品的“最佳食用日期”和“有效期”的含义。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“A best-befre date n a fd package states when the duratin f the fd ends.(食品包装上的‘最佳食用日期’标明了食品的保质期)”和第三段中“This date tells cnsumers that the unpened prduct shuld be f high quality until that specific date.(这个日期告诉消费者，在该特定日期之前，未开封的产品应该是高质量的)”可知，最佳食用日期表示在该特定日期之前的食品是安全的，故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Expiry dates are required fr frmulated liquid diets, fds sld by a drugstre, meal replacements, nutritinal supplements and infant frmula.(配方液体饮食、药店出售的食品、代餐、营养补充剂和婴儿配方奶粉都需要注明有效期)”可知，婴儿配方奶粉上需要注明有效期。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前“If a fd has passed its expiratin date(如果一种食物过了保质期)”和划线词后“nt used(不使用)”可知，如果一种食物过了保质期，就应该扔掉，不要再用了，discarded意为“丢弃”，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容以及第一段中“Best-befre dates, expiry dates (到期日) and packaging dates are key t knwing what fds are safe t prepare and serve, and which nes shuld be dispsed f.(最佳食用日期、有效期和包装日期是了解哪些食品可以安全准备和食用以及哪些食品应该处理的关键)”可知，文章已经介绍了“最佳食用日期”和“有效期”，由此推知接下来应是讨论“包装日期”，故选C。
D
Umbrella species are species that are selected fr cnservatin-related decisins because the cnservatin and prtectin f these species indirectly affects the cnservatin and prtectin f ther species within their ecsystem. Umbrella species help in the selectin f ptential reserve lcatins, as well as the determinatin f the cmpsitin f the reserve. Umbrella species usually have a large area requirement fr which the cnservatin f the species extends the prtectin t ther species sharing the same habitat. Umbrella species are representative f ther species in their habitat since they are knwn species, and they als determine the area f cnservatin. The prtectin extended t the ther species by the presence f the umbrella species is knwn as the umbrella effect.
The cncept f umbrella species has been used in the creatin f wildlife crridr with fcal species chsen fr their suitability in the cnservatin prcess. The umbrella effect is the degree f species impact n ther surrunding species resulting frm the cnservatin measures undertaken in the area. Umbrella species is a faster and less expensive means f cnservatin since it reduces the cst f investment in sampling that is necessary fr priritizing (优先考虑) an area fr cnservatin.
Umbrella species can be bth plants and animals species with either f the species ffering prtectin t the ther. Mst f the umbrella species are listed as endangered r threatened n the IUCN (Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature and Natural Resurces) Red List, and therefre their cnservatin extends t the cnservatin f their habitat. Sme f the ntable umbrella species include sptted wl whse cnservatin prtects the ld grwth trees the cnservatin f bth species has led t the prtectin f mllusks and salamanders within the prtective bundary. The prtectin f the Bay checkerspt butterfly autmatically leads t the prtectin f the grassland while the cnservatin f the Amur tiger in the Russian Far East als means an autmatic cnservatin and prtectin f the deer and bar in their habitat. The prtectin f canebrake ffers further prtectin t brader species within its habitat because f the umbrella effect. Prtectin f the rattlesnakes als ffer prtectin t ther wildlife species fund within their habitat.
12. What can we learn abut umbrella species?
A. Only animal species can be used as umbrella species.
B. Umbrella species refer t species that prvide prtectin fr ther species.
C. Umbrella species are aimlessly picked ut by cnservatinists.
D. The majrity f umbrella species are endangered r threatened.
13. What is the main idea f Paragraph 3?
A The examples f umbrella species.B. The definitin f umbrella species.
C. The cnsequence f umbrella species.D. The limitatin f umbrella species.
14. Which f the fllwing can be cnsidered as the umbrella effect?
A. A hst f plants and animals benefit frm the prtectin f giants pandas.
B. Peple’s living standards are imprved due t the mayr’s (市长) leadership.
C. The intrductin f a new species bring ut a cmpetitin in a lcal ecsystem.
D. The ppulatin f antelpes (羚羊) has recvered since the nature reserve was set up.
15. In which sectin can this passage mst likely be fund in a magazine?
A. Human and nature.B. A science reprt.C. Envirnment.D. Healthy lifestyle.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了伞护种的概念和好处，伞状效应以及伞护种的例子。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Mst f the umbrella species are listed as endangered r threatened n the IUCN (Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature and Natural Resurces) Red List, and therefre their cnservatin extends t the cnservatin f their habitat. (大部分伞护种已被列入国际自然及自然资源保护联盟(IUCN)红色名录内，列为濒危或受威胁的动物，因此，保育工作已扩展至保育它们的栖息地。)”可知，大多数的伞护种濒临灭绝或受到威胁。故选D。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。通读第三段，尤其是“Sme f the ntable umbrella species include sptted wl whse cnservatin prtects the ld grwth trees the cnservatin f bth species has led t the prtectin f mllusks and salamanders within the prtective bundary. The prtectin f the Bay checkerspt butterfly autmatically leads t the prtectin f the grassland while the cnservatin f the Amur tiger in the Russian Far East als means an autmatic cnservatin and prtectin f the deer and bar in their habitat. The prtectin f canebrake ffers further prtectin t brader species within its habitat because f the umbrella effect. Prtectin f the rattlesnakes als ffer prtectin t ther wildlife species fund within their habitat. (其中一些值得注意的伞护种包括斑点猫头鹰，它们的保育工作保护古树。对格斑蝶的保护自动导致对草原的保护，而对俄罗斯远东地区的阿穆尔虎的保护也意味着对鹿和野猪栖息地的自动保护。由于保护伞效应的存在，甘蔗的保护为其栖息地内更广泛的物种提供了进一步的保护。对响尾蛇的保护也为在其栖息地内发现的其他野生物种提供了保护。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了伞护种的例子。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The umbrella effect is the degree f species impact n ther surrunding species resulting frm the cnservatin measures undertaken in the area. (伞状效应是指在该地区采取的保护措施对周围其他物种造成的影响程度。)”可推知，A项“许多动植物受益于大熊猫的保护。”符合伞状效应，故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Umbrella species are species that are selected fr cnservatin-related decisins because the cnservatin and prtectin f these species indirectly affects the cnservatin and prtectin f ther species within their ecsystem. (伞护种是选择作出与保育有关的决定的物种，因为保育和保护这些物种会间接影响其生态系统内其他物种的保育和保护。)”可知，文章主要介绍了伞护种的概念和好处，伞状效应以及伞护种的例子，这是与环境相关的话题，由此可推知，文章可能出现在杂志的环境专栏，故选C。
第二节 （共5 小题; 每小题2.5 分, 满分12.5 分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
N ne is perfect. We all make mistakes frm time t time. It’s just part f being human. While sme mistakes are minr and dn’t affect anyne but urselves, thers may be majr and affect ne r mre peple—thse wrk fr r with us, ur friends and lved nes. ____16____ The fllwing strategies can help yu get the aplgy right.
Imagine their perspective. Yu’re highly recmmended t think abut hw the things yu said r did wrng wuld have made yu feel if it were yur bss r friend r lved ne n the giving end. ____17____ Use the knwledge yu gain frm this exercise t create a radmap fr yur wn aplgy.
____18____ When smene’s feelings have been hurt, they want t knw that yu recgnize the emtins that they’re feeling, and that yu are taking steps t mend whatever damage has been dne. Take time t acknwledge and talk thrugh the ther persn’s feelings, and encurage them t speak freely and hnestly.
Restre a sense f “us”. When yu wrng smene in sme way, yu als damage the trust that yu’ve taken s lng t build. ____19____ “Remind the injured party f yur shared histry, yur cmmnalities, yur shared gals. Reassure him r her that yu are n the same team, and have n intentin f letting the team dwn again.” Scial psychlgist Heidi Grant Halvrsn said.
Knw yur audience. Yur aplgy shuld be tailred t the audience that yu’re giving it t. An aplgy yu make t yur bss fr missing a deadline is ging t be quite different frm the aplgy yu make t a friend (r spuse) fr frgetting his/her birthday. ____20____
A. That’s when we shuld aplgize.
B. Acknwledge their feelings and values.
C. But healing wrk is the wrk f the brave.
D. In ther wrds, put yurself in their shes fr a mment.
E. Trust can take mnths r years t build, but it can be lst in a secnd.
F. Make sure yu cnsider the audience when yu craft—and deliver—yur aplgy.
G. Dne right, aplgies can settle cnflict, repair feelings, and imprve relatinships.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些道歉的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“While sme mistakes are minr and dn’t affect anyne but urselves, thers may be majr and affect ne r mre peple—thse wrk fr r with us, ur friends and lved nes. (虽然有些错误是次要的，只影响到我们自己，但有些错误可能是重大的，影响到一个或更多的人——那些为我们工作或与我们一起工作的人，我们的朋友和亲人。)”以及后文“The fllwing strategies can help yu get the aplgy right. (下面的策略可以帮助你正确地道歉。)”可知，本句承接上文，说明犯了错应该道歉。故A选项“那时候我们应该道歉”符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Imagine their perspective. Yu’re highly recmmended t think abut hw the things yu said r did wrng wuld have made yu feel if it were yur bss r friend r lved ne n the giving end. (想象一下他们的观点。强烈建议你思考一下，如果是你的老板、朋友或爱人，你说错或做错的事情会让你有什么感觉。)”可知，本句是在建议换位思考，故D选项“换句话说，暂时设身处地为他们想想”符合语境，故选D。
【18题详解】
根据本段内容“When smene’s feelings have been hurt, they want t knw that yu recgnize the emtins that they’re feeling, and that yu are taking steps t mend whatever damage has been dne. Take time t acknwledge and talk thrugh the ther persn’s feelings, and encurage them t speak freely and hnestly. (当某人的感情受到伤害时，他们想知道你认识到他们的情感，并且你正在采取措施弥补所造成的伤害。花点时间去承认和谈论对方的感受，鼓励他们自由而诚实地说话。)”可知，本段的主旨是承认到自己伤害的人感受，故B选项“承认他们的感受和价值观”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Restre a sense f “us”. When yu wrng smene in sme way, yu als damage the trust that yu’ve taken s lng t build. (恢复“我们”的感觉。当你以某种方式伤害了某人，你也破坏了你花了这么长时间建立起来的信任。)”可知，上文提到了建立信任花费很长时间，故E选项“信任可能需要几个月或几年的时间来建立，但它可能在一秒钟内失去。”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Knw yur audience. Yur aplgy shuld be tailred t the audience that yu’re giving it t. An aplgy yu make t yur bss fr missing a deadline is ging t be quite different frm the aplgy yu make t a friend (r spuse) fr frgetting his/her birthday. (了解你的听众。你的道歉应该针对你要道歉的听众。你因为错过最后期限而向老板道歉，和你因为忘记朋友（或配偶）的生日而向他/她道歉是完全不同的。)”可知，本段的主旨是了解听众，F选项中audience对应上文audience。故F选项“在道歉的时候，一定要考虑到听众。”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30 分）
第一节（共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was tw weeks befre the hlidays, and I decided t have the family picture taken by a ____21____ phtgrapher. I called the lcal phtgrapher and made the ____22____ . The phtgrapher tld me since there wasn’t much time befre the hlidays, he wuld cme first thing Sunday mrning and tld me t have the whle family in ____23____ shirts. It sunded perfect.
Nw, nt nly did I have my usual five millin things t d — carpling, buying last-minute presents, grcery shpping, cking and ____24____ my family was happy — but I als had t find ____25____ whites tps fr my entire family.
I was nt sure where the rest f the hurs ____26____ , but when I went t tuck in my yunger sn n Saturday night, I ____27____ his hair was a cmplete mess. OMG! He needed a ____28____ . With all my running arund, I hadn’t nticed hw ____29____ he needed ne. It was 8:00 at night, and the barber’s was clsed. The ____30____ was cming the next mrning.
I gt ut the ____31____ . My yunger sn is very easyging and cperative. I wet his hair, ____32____ it and started cutting. When I was dne, we lked at each ther and bth knew that the haircut was a ____33____ !
When he saw my sn, my shcked husband tld me t g dwnstairs and have a cup f tea while he ____34____ the situatin. Ten minutes later, my sn with his lder brther and their dad, all came dwnstairs with buzz cuts(寸头)! My beautiful family picture was ____35____ n time — just with a little less hair!
21.
A. messyB. prfessinalC. internatinalD. rmantic
22.
A. appintmentB. excuseC. cmplaintD. aplgy
23.
A. redB. purpleC. yellwD. white
24.
A. taking utB. getting thrughC. wiping utD. making sure
25.
A. suitingB. fittingC. matchingD. applying
26.
A. draggedB. flwedC. wentD. wasted
27.
A. suspectedB. nticedC. detectedD. accused
28.
A. haircutB. washC. styleD. checkup
29.
A. badlyB. graduallyC. extremelyD. anxiusly
30.
A. barberB. SantaC. phtgrapherD. neighbr
31.
A. aprnB. scissrsC. mirrrD. skills
32.
A. bservedB. studiedC. designedD. cmbed
33.
A. funB. disasterC. entertainmentD. jke
34.
A. handledB. dealtC. cleanedD. adjusted
35.
A. paintedB. createdC. shtD. shwn
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者在拍全家福的前一天晚上动手给儿子理发的生活故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：离假期还有两周，我决定请专业摄影师帮我拍全家福。A. messy混乱的；B. prfessinal专业的；C. internatinal国际的；D. rmantic浪漫的。根据语境及下文“I called the lcal phtgrapher”作者打电话预约可知，作者应是请专业摄影师来拍照。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我打电话给当地的摄影师，约好了时间。A. appintment约会，预约；B. excuse借口；C. cmplaint抱怨；D. aplgy道歉。根据“I called the lcal phtgrapher”以及下文“he wuld cme first thing Sunday mrning”可知，此处指打电话预约时间，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：摄影师告诉我，因为离假期的时间不多了，他周日早上第一件事就是过来，并告诉我让全家人都穿白衬衫。A. red红色的；B. purple紫色的；C. yellw黄色的；D. white白色的。根据下文“but I als had t find ____5____ whites tps fr my entire family”可知，摄影师让作者准备好白衬衫，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我不仅有像往常一样多的事情要做——拼车、买最后一分钟的礼物、买杂货、做饭和确保我的家人开心——而且我还必须为我的家人找到相称的白色上衣。A. taking ut拿出；B. getting thrugh通过，经历；C. wiping ut擦掉；D. making sure确保。根据下文“my family was happy”可知，作者要确保家人开心，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. suiting适合；B. fitting适合（场合）的，恰当的；C. matching相同的，相称的；D. applying申请。结合空后的“whites tps”可知，此处指为全家人找到相称的白色上衣，matching指“（颜色、形状、款式等）相称的，相配的”，符合语境，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道剩下的时间都去哪儿了，但周六晚上，当我去哄小儿子睡觉时，我注意到他的头发完全乱了。A. dragged拖，拽；B. flwed流动；C. went流逝，过去；D. wasted浪费。根据空前的“the rest f the hurs”可知，此处指不知道时间怎么过这么快，g“流逝”符合语境，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. suspected怀疑；B. nticed注意到；C. detected发现，查明；D. accused指责，控告。根据“his hair was a cmplete mess”可知，作者注意到儿子头发凌乱，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要理发。A. haircut理发；B. wash洗涤；C. style风格；D. checkup检查。根据上文“his hair was a cmplete mess”可知，儿子头发凌乱，需要理发，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一直在四处奔波，没有注意到他是多么迫切需要理发。A. badly非常，很；B. gradually逐渐地；C. extremely极端地；D. anxiusly焦虑地。上文提到儿子头发非常凌乱，下文也讲述作者亲自给儿子剪头发，故儿子迫切需要理发，badly表示程度，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：摄影师第二天早上来了。A. barber理发师；B. Santa圣诞老人；C. phtgrapher摄影师；D. neighbr邻居。根据上文“he wuld cme first thing Sunday mrning”以及空后的“was cming the next mrning”可知，摄影师和作者约定周日上午来，作者是周六晚上注意到儿子头发凌乱，故第二天是摄影师要来，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我拿出剪刀。A. aprn围裙；B. scissrs剪刀；C. mirrr镜子；D. skills技巧。根据下文“started cutting”可知，作者拿出剪刀给儿子剪头发，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打湿了他的头发，梳理好，开始剪。A. bserved观察；B. studied学习；C. designed设计；D. cmbed梳理。根据空前的“I wet his hair”以及空后“started cutting”可知，作者打湿头发，梳理好，然后开始剪，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我剪完头发后，我们面面相觑，都知道这个发型彻底失败了！A. fun乐趣；B. disaster彻底的失败；C. entertainment娱乐；D. jke玩笑。根据语境及下文“When he saw my sn, my shcked husband”可知，丈夫看到儿子的发型很震惊，说明作者剪得不好，彻底失败了。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他看到我儿子的时候，我的丈夫震惊了，他让我下楼去喝杯茶，他来处理这件事。A. handled处理，应付；B. dealt处理；C. cleaned打扫；D. adjusted调整。根据“tld me t g dwnstairs and have a cup f tea”以及下文“Ten minutes later, my sn with his lder brther and their dad, all came dwnstairs with buzz cuts(寸头)!(十分钟后，我儿子和他哥哥还有他们的爸爸，都剪着寸头下楼来了)”可知，儿子的头发剪得不好，丈夫让作者上楼，自己来处理这个情况，deal后常接介词with，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我美丽的全家福是按时拍摄的——只是头发少了一点！A. painted绘画；B. created创造；C. sht拍摄；D. shwn展示。根据主语“My beautiful family picture”可知，此处指拍摄照片，故选C。
第 II 卷（非选择题部分）
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhuzhuang Twn lies in Suzhu. The wden wells, remains f ancient animals, and rice seeds ____36____ (dig) ut at Liangzhu Site in Taishidian indicate traces (痕迹) f human activities that dated back thusands f years.
Driven by scial and ecnmic prgress, the twn _____37_____ (fund) in 1086, and “Zhuzhuang”, ____38____ name f the twn, has been used ever since. The twn, ____39____ lies in the basin f the Suzhu sectin f the Grand Canal, enjys an ____40____ (favr) gegraphic envirnment as well as a well-develped watercurse system.
Since the 12th century, the twn has becme a trade centre after several rivers were cnnected by ancient peple. Later, as rich businessmen and men f letters came t settle dwn in large numbers, waterside cnstructins ____41____ (reflect) ancient peple’s wisdm quickly appeared. Thse cnstructins, such as arcades (拱廊) ver streets, large huses ____42____ big curtyards, and riverside galleries, created an envirnment fr the twnspeple ____43____ (be) in harmny with nature.
As the prtectin fr the twn has been ging n ____44____ (cntinuus), the twn has kept its riginal _____45_____ (appear), with its #-shaped river system, traditinal cnstructins, and unique flk custms. Cme t have a trip, and yu will be impressed deeply.
【答案】36 dug
37. was funded
38. the 39. which
40. favrable
41. reflecting
42. with 43. t be
44. cntinuusly
45. appearance
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“周庄”的位置、特色等相关信息。
36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在太石店良渚遗址出土的木井、古代动物遗骸和水稻种子表明，人类活动的痕迹可以追溯到几千年前。本句谓语为indicate，此处应用非谓语动词，且The wden wells, remains f ancient animals, and rice seeds与dig ut“挖出”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填dug。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在社会经济进步的推动下，小镇于1086年建立，“周庄”这个小镇的名字一直沿用至今。分析句子结构可知，本空为and前句子的谓语，且第三人称单数形式的主语the twn与fund“建立”为被动关系，结合时间状语in 1086可知，本句用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was funded。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在社会经济进步的推动下，小镇于1086年建立，“周庄”这个小镇的名字一直沿用至今。根据Zhuzhuang和name f the twn可知，此处特指“周庄”这个名字，应用定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：该镇位于大运河苏州段的流域，地理环境优越，水道系统发达。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The twn，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该镇位于大运河苏州段的流域，地理环境优越，水道系统发达。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词favrable“有利的”，作定语，修饰gegraphic envirnment。故填favrable。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，随着富商和文人的大量定居，体现古人智慧的水边建筑迅速出现。本句谓语为appeared，此处应用非谓语动词，且waterside cnstructins与reflect“体现”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故填reflecting。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：这些建筑，如街道上的拱廊、带大庭院的大房子和河边的画廊，为市民创造了一个与自然和谐相处的环境。根据large huses和big curtyards, and riverside galleries可知，此处表示“带大庭院的房子”，用介词with，表示“具有”。故填with。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些建筑，如街道上的拱廊、带大庭院的大房子和河边的画廊，为市民创造了一个与自然和谐相处的环境。本句谓语为created，此处应用非谓语动词，作目的状语，应用不定式。故填t be。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着古镇保护的不断进行，古镇保持了原貌，#型水系，传统建筑，独特的民俗风情。修饰动词ging n，应用副词cntinuusly“连续不断地”。故填cntinuusly。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着古镇保护的不断进行，古镇保持了原貌，#型水系，传统建筑，独特的民俗风情。分析句子结构可知，本空用名词appearance“外貌”，作kept的宾语。故填appearance。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40 分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15 分）
46. 假定你是李华，得知好友 Eric回国后在学校成立了中国传统文化和习俗学习小组。请给他写 一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示祝贺；2.询问学习内容；3.期待他分享学习体会。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Eric,
I’m writing t extend my heartfelt cngratulatins t yu n the establishment f the Chinese traditinal culture and custm study grup in yur schl.
I’m glad that yu are s fascinated by ur traditinal culture and custms and I’d be truly thrilled if yu culd share sme insights int the tpics and the activities that yur study grup will explre. Are yu fcusing n sme specific aspects, such as Chinese calligraphy, festival custms, r ancient literature? I’m eager t learn abut yur reflectins and the valuable lessns yu’ve gained frm studying Chinese traditinal culture and custms.
Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友 Eric写一封邮件，祝贺他回国后在学校成立了中国传统文化和习俗学习小组，询问学习内容并期待他分享学习体会。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→pleased
兴奋的：thrilled→excited
专注于：fcus n→cncentrate n
获得：gain→btain
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing t extend my heartfelt cngratulatins t yu n the establishment f the Chinese traditinal culture and custm study grup in yur schl.
拓展句：Hearing that yu established the Chinese traditinal culture and custm study grup in yur schl, I’m writing t extend my heartfelt cngratulatins t yu.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad that yu are s fascinated by ur traditinal culture and custms and I’d be truly thrilled if yu culd share sme insights int the tpics and the activities that yur study grup will explre.（运用了that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句以及后一个that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m eager t learn abut yur reflectins and the valuable lessns yu’ve gained frm studying Chinese traditinal culture and custms.（运用了省略关系词的定语从句）
第二节 读后续写 （满分25 分）
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
A Girl Withut Left Arm
Smetimes yur biggest weakness can becme yur biggest strength. A yung girl decided t learn jud (柔道), thugh she had lst her left arm in a car accident.
This girl began lessns with an ld Japanese jud cach. She was ding well. But she culdn’t understand why, after three mnths f training, the cach had taught her nly ne mve.
“Cach,” the girl finally asked, “shuldn’t I learn mre mves?”
“This is the nly mve yu knw, and this is the nly mve yu’ll ever need t knw,” the cach replied.
Nt quite understanding, but believing in her teacher, the girl kept training.
Several mnths later, the cach tk the girl t her first turnament (锦标赛). She used the mve t win several matches and she was nw in the finals.
This time, her ppnent (对手) was bigger, strnger and mre experienced. Cncerned that the girl might get hurt, the judge called a time-ut. She was abut t give up the match.
“N,” the cach insisted, “let her cntinue.”
Sn after the match restarted, her ppnent thught little f her and drpped his guard. Instantly, the girl used her mve t defeat her ppnent. She became the champin.
On the way hme, the girl and her teacher reviewed every mve in each match. Then the girl asked what was really n her mind.
“Cach, hw did I win the turnament with nly ne mve?”
“Tw reasns,” the cach answered. “First, yu’ve almst mastered ne f the mst difficult thrws in all f jud. Secnd, yur ppnent’s nly defense against that mve is t catch yur left arm.”
注意：
1.续写词数150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hearing what her cach said, the girl was in deep thught.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With tears running dwn her face, she realized what she lacked was just “ne mve”.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Hearing what her cach said, the girl was in deep thught. Head dwn, she thught f her timidity — she lacked cnfidence because she had lst her left arm. Frequently, she gave up n herself. But smetimes, she was heard murmuring t herself, “Hw can I make it?” “I’m afraid it’s beynd my ability,” and the like. She even refused t keep in tuch with ld friends fr fear f being laughed at. What’s even wrse, fluently as she had practiced at hme, she did nt dare t shw up in the frnt f the classrm.
With tears running dwn her face, she realized what she lacked was just “ne mve”. It’s the mve t becme cnfident. Frtunately, the girl eventually came t realize that in life she has nly ne enemy, herself, t defeat. Quite determined, she rejined her friends and fllwed her dream t be a painter. Equipped with curage and cnfidence, the girl became the master f herself, living a wnderful life.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个失去左臂的女孩学习柔道，教练只教了她一个动作，几个月后她参加锦标赛并夺得冠军，在回家的路上她问教练自己为什么能赢，教练说：“首先，你几乎掌握了柔道中最难的一个动作。其次，你的对手对这个动作的唯一防御就是抓住你的左臂。”
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听到教练的话，女孩陷入了沉思。”可知，第一段可描写女孩的心理活动。
②由第二段首句内容“她泪流满面，意识到自己缺的只是‘一个动作’。”可知，第二段可描写女孩意识到自己的敌人只有她自己，以及她之后的改变。
2.续写线索：缺乏自信——害怕被嘲笑——意识到自己是自己的敌人——决心改变——过着精彩的生活
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拒绝：refuse/decline
②出现：shw up/turn up
③过着……生活：live/lead
情绪类
①害怕：fr fear f/afraid f
②勇气：curage/bravery
【点睛】[高分句型1] What’s even wrse, fluently as she had practiced at hme, she did nt dare t shw up in the frnt f the classrm.（由as引导的让步状语从句的倒装结构）
[高分句型2] Frtunately, the girl eventually came t realize that in life she has nly ne enemy, herself, t defeat.（由连接代词that引导的宾语从句）
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