专题20+人际关系与社会交往（一）-高考英语一轮复习主题词汇&阅读一遍过

这是一份专题20+人际关系与社会交往（一）-高考英语一轮复习主题词汇&阅读一遍过，共10页。
1._______________vt.钦佩；羡慕；赞美
2.________________n.成年人
3._______________v.逗笑；逗乐；给……提供消遣
4._______________v.争论；辩论
5._______________v.打赌；与(某人)以钱打赌5.
6._______________v.指责；责怪；归咎于
7._______________n.&v.安慰；舒适
8._______________n.公司；陪伴；同伴；连队
9._______________v.合作；配合；协力
10._______________adj.和谐的；融洽的
11._______________adj.正式的；规范的
12._______________adj.精疲力竭的；耗尽的
13._______________v.扩展，扩大，使膨胀
14._______________v.解释，说明，讲解 ________________n.解释，说明
15._______________n.实验；试验；尝试；实践
16._______________n.表达，表情；表现；表示；态度
17._______________v.伸开，展开；(使)延伸
18._______________n.延伸；扩大；延长期
19._______________n.灭绝，绝迹
20._______________adj.非凡的，卓越的
21._______________adv.极其，非常
22._______________v.探测，探索；探讨，探究
23._______________n.因素，要素
24._______________n.失败；失败的人/事
25._______________n.信任，信仰，信念
26._______________adj.假的；不正确的；人造的
27._______________n.名声，名望，声誉
28._______________v.系牢，使固定
29._______________n.节日
30._______________adj.财政的，金融的
31.expeditin n._______________
32.exit n._______________
33.explicit adj._______________
34.explit v._______________
35.facial adj._______________
36. famine n._______________
37.facility n.[常用复数]_______________
38.fade v._______________
39.faint adj._______________ v._______________
40.fake adj._______________ n._______________
41.firm adv._______________
42.feedback n._______________
43.fertile adj._______________
44.fierce adj._______________
45.far frm satisfactry______________________________
46.运动，锻炼______________________________
47.at the expense f_______________________________
48.教学经验丰富______________________________
49.做实验______________________________
50.be expsed t______________________________
51.照看，注意______________________________
52.面对……______________________________
53.事实上______________________________
54.对……熟悉______________________________
55.为……所熟悉______________________________
56.在……方面是专家，在……方面技术娴熟______________________________
57.帮助某人一个忙______________________________
58.赞同，支持______________________________
59.be fed up with______________________________
60.弄清楚，弄明白；计算出______________________________
词汇拓展
1.extend v.使伸长；扩大；扩展；延长；使延期；扩大……的范围(或影响)
There are plans t_____________the n-smking area.现已有扩大无烟区的计划。
His writing career_____________ver a perid f 40years.他的写作生涯超过了40年。
The service als_____________t wrapping and delivering gifts.服务项目还包括包装和递送礼物。
【辨析】 expand和extend的区别
extend和expand都是动词，extend本意为stretch ut,侧重二维的平面的延伸。而expand可以指三维意义上的膨胀，与cntract"收缩"相对。
expand侧重于在数量、大小型号、重要性方面的增多、扩展、增强；而extend则侧重于在某物空间(土地)、时间上的延展、更大、更长。
2.figure ut想出；解决；计算出；弄明白
I need t figure ut hw t get arund with this kind f limited range.
我必须要在这有限的车程里想出可以四处游玩的好方法。
By and by yu'll be able t figure ut what srt f persn he really is.
这个人究竟怎么样，你慢慢就品出来了。
Let's_____________what is missing and see if there are any fingerprints left behind.
我们看下什么丢了，看看盗贼是否留下了指纹。
I was trying t _____________what I shuld have already tld yu,but I never have.
我还在想有什么东西是我早就该告诉你但是我始终没说过的。
活学活用
一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.This year they have intrduced three new prducts_____________(extend)their range.
2.If even ne persn is_____________(expse)t high levels f radiatin,I cnsider that t much.
3.Everyne must be familiar _____________the ld favurite amng rses,Crystal Palace.
4. As a pet,he is a success,but,as a father,he is a_____________(fail).
5. This tree is always recgnizable by its_____________(extreme)beautiful silvery bark.
二、翻译句子
1.There has been a decline in enrllment in liberal arts curses in favr f highly specialized training fr high paying careers,mstly in business.
_______________________________________________________________
2.他花了好几天才弄明白到底发生了什么。(figure ut)
_______________________________________________________________
3.他谈不上是个优等生。(far frm)
_______________________________________________________________
4.在线上教学部分，我已经有十个月的韩国学生英语教学经验了。(be experienced in)
_______________________________________________________________
参考答案
单词&短语
1.admire 2.adult 3.amuse 4.argue 5.bet 8.cmpany 9.cperate 10. harmnius
11.frmal 12.exhausted ;explanatin 15.experiment 16.expressin 17.extend
18.extensin 19. extinctin 20. extrardinary 21. extremely 22.explre 23. factr 24.failure 25.faith
26.false 27.fame 28.fasten 29.festival 30.financial31.远征(队),探险(队) 32.n.出口，通道，安全门v.退
场，退出 33.清楚的，明确的，直言的 34.开发；开采；利用；剥削 35.面部的 36.饥荒
37.设施，设备；场所，建筑 38.褪色；凋谢；变弱，变暗 39.adj.眩晕的，虚弱的；模糊的，微弱的v.晕倒
40.adj.假的，伪造的n.假货，赝品 41.n.商号，公司adj.坚固的；坚定的adv.稳固地，坚定地 42.反馈意见
43.肥沃的；能结果的 44.凶猛的；猛烈的；激烈的45.远非令人满意的 46.take exercise 47.以……为代价
48.be experienced in teaching 49.cnduct/d/perfrm/carry ut an experiment 50.暴露于 51.keep an eye n
52.in(the)face f53.as a matter f fact/in fact 54. be familiar with 55.be familiar t 56.be(an)expert at/in
57.d sb. a favr 58.in favr f 59.对……感到厌烦60.figure ut
词汇拓展
1.extend;extended;extends
2.figure ut;figure ut
活学活用
一、1.t extend 2.expsed 3.with 4.failure 5.extremely
二、1.文科课程的报名人数有所下降，而以商业为主、针对高薪职业的高度专业化培训课程则越来越受欢迎。
2.It tk him a cuple f days t figure ut what had happened.
3. He is far frm(being)an excellent student.
4.I am experienced in cnducting nline classes. I actually had ten mnths' experience in teaching English t Kreans.
第二部分 话题阅读训练
（A）阅读理解
A remarkable study frm 1976 gives us sme insight int hw and why relatinships with ur neighbrs can be s gd fr us. Surprisingly t scientists at that time, results shwed that cntact with family members — even ne's wn children — had little impact n feelings f well-being r willpwer. Meanwhile, friendships, especially thse with neighbrs, predicted lwer levels f lneliness and wrry, higher levels f feelings f usefulness and self-perceived respect within the cmmunity.
The study suggests that acquaintance and friendship with neighbrs are mre effective at increasing well-being since they are based n nearness, cmmn interests and lifestyle chices. The neighbrhd relatinships are als develped vluntarily. Family ties, n the ther hand, are ften characterized by a sense f respnsibility, physical distance, and persnal disharmny. Later studies cnfirm the imprtance f clse friendships fr peple ver 65, highlighting the particular imprtance f frequent cntact.
Mre recent studies shw that neighbrly supprt is assciated with better well-being fr individuals in mid-t-late life. Data regarding neighbrly relatinships and general well-being frm 1,071 adults aged 40-70 frm the Natinal Survey f Midlife Develpment in the US was cllected in 1995, and again frm the same individuals in 2005.
The study fund that thse wh had lw cntact with neighbrs at the time f bth samples, as well as thse wh experienced a reductin in cntact with neighbrs ver the years, experienced dwnward trends in well-being, as indicated by feelings f sadness, nervusness, restlessness, hpelessness and wrthlessness.
It is crucial t nte here the difference between friendship and neighbring r relatinships with neighbrs. While friendships are based n cmmn affectin, neighbring, at its cre is an instrumental relatinship that is catalyzed (催化) by nearness. But, it desn't have t be this way. Where neighbrs are als clse friends, the ptential benefits are clear. While bth friendship and neighbring are beneficial t well-being, they are mst effective when the types f supprt and assistance frm bth cincide(同时发生).
1．Hw des the authr mainly develp paragraph 2?
A．By analyzing data.B．By giving instructins.
C．By making cmparisns.D．By fllwing the rder f time.
2．What determines neighbrly relatinships accrding t the text?
A．Nearness.B．Respnsibility.
C．Physical distance.D．A cmmn life gal.
3．What can we learn frm the text?
A．The cnflicts between relatives and neighbrs are easy t ccur.
B．The neighbrhd relatinships are frmed under cmpulsin.
C．A clse neighbr is better than a brther far ff.
D．Cntact with family members is indifferent.
【答案】1．C2．A3．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了邻里关系比家庭成员对人们更有影响力，分析其背后的原因并介绍了一些研究发现。
1．推理判断题。根据第二段“The study suggests that acquaintance and friendship with neighbrs are mre effective at increasing well-being since they are based n nearness, cmmn interests and lifestyle chices. The neighbrhd relatinships are als develped vluntarily. Family ties, n the ther hand, are ften characterized by a sense f respnsibility, physical distance, and persnal disharmny. Later studies cnfirm the imprtance f clse friendships fr peple ver 65, highlighting the particular imprtance f frequent cnnectin.(这项研究表明，与邻居的相识和友谊能更有效地增加幸福感，因为它们是建立在距离、共同的兴趣和生活方式选择的基础上的。邻里关系也是自愿发展的。另一方面，家庭关系往往具有责任感、距离和个人不和谐等特征。后来的研究证实了亲密友谊对65岁以上的人的重要性，强调了频繁联系的特别重要性)”可推知，作者主要通过比较邻里关系和家庭关系来展开第二段。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The study suggests that acquaintance and friendship with neighbrs are mre effective at increasing well-being since they are based n nearness, cmmn interests and lifestyle chices.(这项研究表明，与邻居的相识和友谊能更有效地增加幸福感，因为它们是建立在距离、共同的兴趣和生活方式选择的基础上的)”可知，是接近度决定了邻里关系。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段“A study frm 1976 tells us hw and why relatinships with ur neighbrs can be s gd fr us. Surprisingly t scientists at that time, results shwed that cnnectin with family members-even ne's wn children—had little influence n feelings f well-being r willpwer. Meanwhile, friendships, especially thse with neighbrs, predicted lwer levels f lneliness and wrry, higher levels f feelings f usefulness and respect within the cmmunity.( 1976年的一项研究告诉我们，与邻居的关系如何以及为什么会对我们如此有益。令当时的科学家惊讶的是，研究结果显示，与家庭成员——甚至是自己的孩子——的联系对幸福感或意志力几乎没有影响。与此同时，友谊，尤其是与邻居的友谊，预示着较低程度的孤独和担忧，较高程度的有用感和社区内的尊重感)”以及通读全文可知，文章介绍了邻里关系比家庭成员对人们更有影响力这一现象，并分析其背后的原因，同时介绍了一些研究发现，因此，通过这篇文章我们可以知道，近邻比远亲给我们带来的影响更大，更重要。故选C项。
（B）七选五
Many peple truly want t help a friend wh is in pain. But wrds ften fail us at times like these, leaving us stammering (结巴) fr the right thing t say. Sme peple are s afraid t say r d the wrng thing that they chse t d nthing at all.16． There’s n ne perfect way t respnd r t supprt smene yu care abut, but there are sme gd grund rules.
17． Yu are nt suppsed t be a central figure when yur friend feels sad. Yu may say yu wuld have dne things differently if this unlucky thing had happened t yu. Of curse, I hpe yu dn’t get the chance t find ut. The unhappiness belngs t yur friend. S fllw their lead.
Keep in mind that being with smene wh is in pain isn’t easy. Yur friend cannt shw up fr their part f the relatinship very well, and yu will likely get hurt. Dn’t take it persnally.18． In fact, ne f the best things yu can d fr a friend in srrw is t frecast their needs. Dn’t say, “Call me if there’s anything I can d,” because yur friend will nt call. What yu shuld d is t make cncrete ffers: “I will stp by each mrning n my way t wrk and take yur dg fr a quick walk.” Then shw up and d it.
19． Hug yur friend, rub their back, and tuch their arm. Cmfrt them with small physical gestures that let them knw yu care and calm them.
Give them hpe. Give yur friend hpe that things will eventually get better.20．
A．Shw yur lve.
B．Keep yur friend at ease.
C．Instead, please be tlerant f them.
D．Remember t play a supprting rle.
E. After all, the future will be full f hpe.
F. Their heart will heal and life will g n.
G. hat’s certainly an ptin, but it’s nt ften a gd ne.
【答案】16．G17．D18．C19．A20．F
【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了安慰伤心的朋友的方法。
16.上文讲在面对需要安慰的朋友时，一些人们因担心说错话或做的不合适而选择什么都不做，下文“There’s n ne perfect way t respnd r t supprt smene yu care abut, but there are sme gd grund rules.(没有一个完美的方式来回应或支持你关心的人，但有一些好的可遵循的基本规则) ”说“有方法，可做”，与上文语意有转折关系。G项“That’s certainly an ptin, but it’s nt ften a gd ne.(这当然是一个选择，但通常不是一个好选择)”中That指代上文“chse t d nthing at all ”，“but it’s nt ften a gd ne.”引出下文，该在段中项承上启下。故选G项。
17.设空处是段首中心句。由下文“Yu are nt suppsed t be a central figure when yur friend feels sad.(当你的朋友感到悲伤时，你不应该成为中心人物)”以及段尾句“S fllw their lead.(所以跟着他们走 )”可知，全段讲述的是，安慰悲伤的朋友，不要以自我为中心，要以朋友的感受为主。D项“Remember t play a supprting rle.(记住扮演配角 )”符合语境。故选D项。
18.上文说“Keep in mind that being with smene wh is in pain isn’t easy. Yur friend cannt shw up fr their part f the relatinship very well, and yu will likely get hurt. Dn’t take it persnally.(记住，和一个痛苦的人在一起并不容易。你的朋友可能不能很好地展示他们的角色，你可能会受到伤害。不要认为这是针对你个人的)”中说到陪伴痛苦的朋友可能受到朋友的伤害，但不要认为是针对你，C 项“Instead, please be tlerant f them.(相反，请包容他们)”讲要包容，意义上与其是顺承关系，且其中代词them指代上文Yur friend。故选C项。
19.设空处是段首中心句。根据段中内容可知，作者建议用“small physical gestures ”来“let them knw yu care and calm them.(让他们知道你关心他们，让他们平静下来)”，A 项“Shw yur lve.(表达你的爱)”语意相关，其中Shw指的就是文中“Hug yur friend, rub their back, and tuch their arm”行为。故选A项。
20.上文“Give yur friend hpe that things will eventually get better.(给你的朋友希望，事情最终会好起来)”主要是说给朋友希望，让朋友明白一切最终都会好起来，F项“Their heart will heal and life will g n.(他们的心会自愈，生活也会继续)”与上文是顺承关系，是给朋友希望的结果。故选F项。
（C）语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式；
Cnnect Online t meet Offline
In ur infrmatin technlgy sciety, we ften have 36．(many) cmmunicatins nline than ffline. Fr example, just cmpare the number f peple t37．yu have sent nline messages with that f the peple yu 38． (meet) in the past tw weeks.
Hwever, there are nw mbile apps which allw yu 39．(cnnect) with strangers nline and then meet in persn, and I'm nt talking abut dating apps! Rather, I'm referring t apps, which help t cnnect peple with similar 40． (interest) wh live in the same city. T begin with, get nline and find a grup that interests yu. Then, simply jin 41． grup. As lng as yu’re in a grup with like-minded peple, yu will be able t enjy 42． (d) the same activities tgether. Yu can d this43． free, althugh sme apps will ask yu t pay if yu want t create an interest grup.
There is a wide 44． (vary) f interest grups ut there, such as thse fr hiking, ftball, phtgraphy, bard games, petry, r dg wners. Yu name it, they've gt it! This is 45． (real)a great way t netwrk, meet peple if yu' re new t a city, r simply t make new friends.
【答案】36．mre37．whm38．have met39．t cnnect40．interests41．the42．ding43．fr44．variety
45．really
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章对利用手机软件在线上认识志同道合的朋友，在线下见面的交友方式进行了说明。
36．考查比较级。句意：在我们的信息技术社会，我们经常比线下有更多的在线交流。根据“than ffline”可知，此处应用比较级。故填mre。
37．考查定语从句。句意：例如，把你在网上发过信息的人的数量和你在过去两周内认识的人的数量比较一下。在定语从句中缺少介词t的宾语，且先行词为peple，关系词在介词t之后，所以应用关系代词whm。故填whm。
38．考查现在完成时。句意：例如，把你在网上发过信息的人的数量和你在过去两周内认识的人的数量比较一下。根据“in the past tw weeks”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为yu，助动词用have。故填have met。
39．考查固定搭配和t d不定式。句意：不过，现在有一些手机应用程序可以让你在线联系陌生人，然后见面，而且我说的不是约会应用程序！allw sb t d sth意为“允许某人做某事”，为固定搭配，应用不定式作宾补。故填t cnnect。
40．考查名词复数。句意：相反，我指的是应用程序，它可以把住在同一城市、有相同兴趣的人联系起来。名词interest意为“兴趣”，为可数名词，此处是指很多人的兴趣，所以应用名词复数。故填interests。
41．考查定冠词。句意：然后，简单地加入这个团体。前文“T begin with, get nline and find a grup that interests yu.”（首先，上网找一个你感兴趣的小组。）中已经提到了感兴趣的小组，所以此处是特指，应用定冠词。故填the。
42．考查固定搭配和动名词。句意：只要和志趣相投的人在一起，你们就能一起享受同样的活动。enjy ding意为“享受做某事”，为固定搭配，用动名词作宾语。故填ding。
43．考查介词和固定搭配。句意：你可以免费完成这项工作，不过如果你想创建一个兴趣小组，有些应用会要求你付费。fr free意为“免费”，为固定搭配。故填fr。
44．考查名词和固定搭配。句意：有各种各样的兴趣小组，如远足、足球、摄影、棋类游戏、诗歌或狗主人。a variety f意为“各种各样的”，为固定搭配。故填variety。
45．考查副词。句意：如果你刚到一个城市，这真的是一个很好的交际方式，可以认识一些人，或者只是结交一些新朋友。修饰be动词应用副词。故填really。