专题21+人际关系与社会交往（二）-高考英语一轮复习主题词汇&阅读一遍过

这是一份专题21+人际关系与社会交往（二）-高考英语一轮复习主题词汇&阅读一遍过，共10页。试卷主要包含了prejudice n，frequently adv，reputatin n，acquaintance n，frictin n，fascinate v，frgetful adj，fence n等内容，欢迎下载使用。
单词&短语
1.prejudice n.____________________
2.frequently adv.____________________
3.reputatin n.____________________
4.acquaintance n.____________________
5.frictin n.____________________
6.fascinate v.____________________
7.frgetful adj.____________________
8.fence n.____________________
9.flexible adj.____________________
10.fundamental adj.____________________
11.furnished adj.____________________
12.fuel n.____________________
13.fragile adj.____________________
14.fragrant adj.____________________
15.fulfill v.____________________
16.flame n.____________________
17.flash n.____________________
18.frtnight n.____________________
19.fster vt.____________________
20.frame n.____________________
21.fssil n.____________________
22.fist n.____________________
23.flk adj.____________________ n.____________________
24.frmat n.____________________
25.garage n.____________________
26.flat v.____________________
27.____________________v.流动；流淌；流畅
28.____________________adj.冰冷的，结冰的，冷冻的
29.____________________n.自由；摆脱，免除
30.____________________v.预见，预知，预料
31.____________________adj.正式的；正规的；方式上的
32.____________________adv.幸运的，交好运地
33.____________________adj.令人难忘的；难以忘怀的
34.____________________n.外国人；外来人
35.____________________adj.流利的；通畅的
36.____________________vi.逃走；迅速离开
37.____________________v.创立；创办；兴建
38.____________________n.功能，机能；v.起作用；运转
39.____________________adv.而且，此外，再者
40.____________________v.获得，得益；(钟)走快；增加
41.____________________n.一代人(或产品);产生
42.the latter________________________
43.胜任某职位________________________
44.把注意力集中在________________________________________________
45.确定一个日期
46.My advice is as fllws________________________
47.________________________愚弄某人
48.喜欢________________________
49.一般来说________________________
acrss________________________
51..禁止某人做某事________________________
52.使某人获得自由________________________
53.迫使某人做某事________________________
54.因……原谅某人________________________
55.发财________________________
56.取笑________________________
57.一件家具________________________
58.奥运会________________________
59.进入，踏上________________________
60.gather ne's strength_________________________
词汇拓展
1.flexible adj.能适应新情况的；灵活的；可变动的；柔韧的；可弯曲的
He wanted t find a jb with flexible wrking time.
他想求聘一份上班时间自由的工作。
We will carry ut a flexible freign plicy.我们将实行灵活的外交政策。
I want flexible peple wh can adapt t new systems and prcesses.
我需要可塑性强的人，能够适应新的制度、新的程序。
Her bdy is very____________because she used t be a ballet dancer.
她的身体非常灵活因为她以前是位芭蕾舞蹈演员。
【联想】 flexibly adv.灵活地；易曲地；柔软地；有弹性地
flexibility n.柔韧性；灵活性；弹性；适应性
inflexible adj.缺乏弹性的；僵化的；固守己见的；死板的；顽固的；不能弯曲的
inflexibility n.刚(硬)性；不可压缩性；不(弯)曲(性);不弯
inflexibly adv.不屈曲地，不屈地
2.generally speaking一般说来
generally speaking是在句中用作插入语的现在分词短语，和in general同义。
____________,American English is different frm British English in prnunciatin, spelling, expressins and grammar.
一般说来，美式英语和英式英语在发音、拼写、习惯表达和语法方面有所不同。
____________,newspapers fllw the American way,but cnference reprts and schlbks use the British spelling.
一般来说，报纸采用美式英语的拼法，而会议报道和教科书则采用英式英语的拼法。
【联想】 常见现在分词短语作插入语：generally speaking,strictly speaking,judging frm/by...,talking f...,cnsidering等。
Cnsidering his age,he did very well.从年龄考虑，他干得挺不错。
Judging frm his lk,he is very sick.从他的样子判断，他病得很重。
活学活用
一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.By this time she was in her nineties and needed help mre and mre____________.(frequent),
2.I have tld yu that this skirt was nt fit____________yu. Yu've really a cpy cat.
3.This gives the team the supprt and the____________(flexible)they need t accmplish repeatable results.
4. He had put the whle situatin in a nutshell. It may be briefly summed up____________fllws.
5. The stream____________(freeze)up;yu can see the fish trapped in the ice.
二、翻译句子
1.Price mment t stimulate(刺激)the nerve f the public,rich r pr,fr the life f the frmer,the latter fr investment.
__________________________________________________________________
2.A trnad and wildfires fueled by strng winds have caused widespread destructin in the suthern United States.
__________________________________________________________________
3.我认为在公共场所禁止吸烟是个好主意。(frbid)
__________________________________________________________________
4.我对体育感兴趣，而我妹妹爱好音乐。(fnd)
__________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1.偏见 2.频繁地 3.名声；声誉 4.熟人 5.不和，摩擦力 6.使着迷；迷住 7.健忘的 8.篱笆 9.柔韧的；
易弯曲的 10.基本(础)的 11.装配好家具的 12.燃料，燃烧剂 13.易碎的；虚弱的 14.香的；芬芳的
15.履行；实现 16.火焰 17.闪光灯；闪现物；闪现18.十四天；两星期 19.培养；促进；领养 20.框架；结构21.化石；老顽固 22.拳头 23.adj.民间的n.亲属；人们24.设计，安排，样式 25.车库；汽车修理行 26.漂浮；漂流 27.flw 28.frzen 29.freedm 32. frtunately 33. unfrgettable 34. freigner 37.fund 40.gain 41.generatin42.前者……后者…… 43.be fit fr the psitin 44.fix/fcus ne's attentin n 45.fix a date fr 46.我的建议如下 47.make a fl f sb. 48.be fnd f 49.generally speaking 50.(使)通过；(使)被理解 51. frbid sb.frm ding sth./frbid sb. t d sth. 52.set sb. free53. frce sb. t d sth./int ding sth. 54. frgive 55.make a frtune 56. make fun f 57.a piece/an article f furniture 58. the Olympic Games 59. set ft in/n 60.尽全力
词汇拓展
1.flexible
2.Generally speaking;Generally speaking
活学活用
一、1.frequently 2.fr 3.flexibility 4.as 5.has frzen
二、1.物价时刻刺激着公众的神经，不论贫富，前者为生活，后者为投资。
2.美国南部遭龙卷风和野火袭击，强风使得灾难更加严重，造成了大范围的破坏。
3.I think it a gd idea t frbid smking in public places.
4. I'm interested in sprts while my sister is fnd f music.
第二部分 话题阅读训练
（A）阅读理解
Mst f us are already aware f the direct effect we have n ur friends and family. But we rarely cnsider that everything we think, feel, d, r say can spread far beynd the peple we knw. Cnversely(相反地), ur friends and family serve as cnduits(渠道) fr us t be influenced by hundreds r even thusands f ther peple. In a kind f scial chain reactin, we can be deeply affected by events we d nt witness that happen t peple we d nt knw. As part f a scial netwrk, we g beynd urselves, fr gd r ill, and becme a part f smething much larger.
Our cnnectedness carries with it fundamental implicatins(影响) fr the way we understand the human cnditin. Scial netwrks have value precisely because they can help us t achieve what we culd nt achieve n ur wn. Yet, scial­netwrk effects are nt always psitive. Depressin, besity, financial panic, and vilence als spread. Scial netwrks, it turns ut, tend t magnify(放大) whatever they are seeded with.
Partly fr this reasn, scial netwrks are creative. And what these netwrks create des nt belng t any ne individual—it is shared by all thse in the netwrk. In this way, a scial netwrk is like a cmmnly wned frest: We all stand t benefit frm it, but we als must wrk tgether t ensure it remains healthy and prductive. While scial netwrks are fundamentally and distinctively human, and can be seen everywhere, they shuld nt be taken fr granted.
If yu are happier r richer r healthier than thers, it may have a lt t d with where yu happen t be in the netwrk, even if yu cannt recgnise yur wn lcatin. And it may have a lt t d with the verall structure f the netwrk, even if yu cannt cntrl that structure at all. And in sme cases, the prcess feeds back t the netwrk itself. A persn with many friends may becme rich and then attract even mre friends. This rich­get­richer dynamic means scial netwrks can dramatically reinfrce tw different kinds f inequality in ur sciety: situatinal inequality and psitinal inequality.
Lawmakers have nt yet cnsidered the cnsequences f psitinal inequality. Still, understanding the way we are cnnected is an essential step in creating a mre just sciety and in carrying ut public plicies affecting everything frm public health t the ecnmy. We might be better ff vaccinating(接种疫苗) centrally lcated individuals rather than weak individuals. We might be better ff helping intercnnected grups f peple t avid criminal behaviur rather than preventing r punishing crimes ne at a time.
If we want t understand hw sciety wrks, we need t fill in the missing links between individuals. We need t understand hw intercnnectins and interactins between peple give rise t whlly new aspects f human experience that are nt present in the individuals themselves. If we d nt understand scial netwrks, we cannt hpe t fully understand either urselves r the wrld we inhabit.
4．What can be inferred frm the first paragraph?
A．We can't be easily affected by strangers.
B．We are cnnected and frm a scial netwrk.
C．We have negative effects n ther scial members.
D．We will nt make a difference in a specific grup.
5．Why is a scial netwrk like a cmmnly wned frest?
A．It remains healthy and prductive.
B．It tends t magnify negative things.
C．It is creative and shared by peple in the whle sciety.
D．What it creates can be enjyed by everyne in the netwrk.
6．We can learn frm Paragraph 4 that ________.
A．whether we are richer depends n the number f friends we make
B．the wealth we pssess has nthing t d with individual cntinuus effrts
C．smetimes ur success may be largely due t ur psitin in scial netwrks
D．we wn't succeed unless we fully cntrl the verall structure f the netwrk
7．What's the authr's purpse in writing the passage?
A．T intrduce the characteristics f scial netwrks.
B．T urge peple t understand hw ur sciety wrks.
C．T shw the significance f understanding scial netwrks.
D．T explain the pssible cnsequences f ignring scial netwrks.
【答案】4．B5．D6．C7．C
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了人际关系和社会网络的重要性。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段的内容，尤其是最后一句“As part f a scial netwrk, we g beynd urselves, fr gd r ill, and becme a part f smething much larger.（作为社交网络的一部分，无论好坏，我们都超越了自己，成为更大事物的一部分。）”可推知，人与人之间是相互联系、相互影响的，形成了一个社会网络。故选B项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“And what these netwrks create des nt belng t any ne individual—it is shared by all thse in the netwrk.（这些网络所创造的东西并不属于任何一个个体，而是由网络中的所有人共享的。）”中的shared by all可知，这种网络创造出来的产品并不属于任何个人，是整个网络里面的人所共享的。故选D项。
6．推理判断题。由第四段第一句“If yu are happier r richer r healthier than thers, it may have a lt t d with where yu happen t be in the netwrk, even if yu cannt recgnise yur wn lcatin.（如果你比别人更快乐、更富有或更健康，这可能与你在网络中所处的位置有很大关系，即使你不能识别自己所处的位置。）”中的where yu happen t be可知，你的成功与你所处的社交网有很大的关系。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是文章最后一句“If we d nt understand scial netwrks, we cannt hpe t fully understand either urselves r the wrld we inhabit.（如果我们不了解社交网络，我们就无法完全了解我们自己或者我们所居住的世界。）”可知，作者写作本文主要是为了阐释社会关系网的重要性。故选C项。
（B）完形填空
完形填空（每小题1分，共15分）（2021·山东高三二模）
Of the many interactins I had with my mther years ag, ne stands ut. I remember the 21 when mm sent me t the main rad, abut twenty yards away frm the farmhuse, t 22 a passing grup f seasnal wrk-seekers hme fr a 23 . I made a fire and was then t 24 the meal fr them.
The thught f cking in a large three-legged pt in that high heat was sufficient t 25 me. I did nt manage t 26 my feelings frm my mther, and after the service, she called me t the balcny (阳台), where she 27 sat t attend t her sewing.
Lking straight int my eyes, she said, “Jhnsn, why were yu 28 when I requested yu t arrange a meal fr thse 29 peple?” Despite my attempt t deny her 30 , and using the heat fthe fire as an 31 fr my bad behavir, mm said, “A ft has n nse.” It means, “Yu can’t detect what 32 may lie ahead f yu.”
If I had 33 the grup f peple a meal, it may have happened that, in my 34 sme time in the future, I fund myself at the mercy f thse very individuals. 35 that was nt enugh t shame me, mm cntinued, “A persn is a persn because f anther persn.”
21．A．peridB．ccasinC．stryD．quarrel
22．A．sendB．demandC．inviteD．guide
23．A．restB．chatC．nightD．meal
24．A．prepareB．begC．rderD．buy
25．A．satisfyB．attractC．pleaseD．upset
26．A．hideB．expressC．defendD．change
27．A．deliberatelyB．usuallyC．currentlyD．secretly
28．A．fearfulB．cntentC．excitedD．unhappy
29．A．prB．braveC．weakD．hmeless
30．A．praiseB．suggestinC．chargeD．encuragement
31．A．pininB．excuseC．argumentD．idea
32．A．frtuneB．disasterC．trubleD．deal
33．A．bkedB．packedC．fferedD．denied
34．A．travelsB．1essnsC．prgramsD．struggles
35．A．IfB．As ifC．Even thughD．Befre
【答案】21．B22．C23．D24．A25．D26．A27．B28．D29．A30．C31．B32．C33．D
34．A35．B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。几年前, 母亲让“我”邀请一群路过此地找工作的人到家吃饭。母亲让“我”认识到：你不知道未来的人生中会遇到什么麻烦, 帮助他人就是帮助自己。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一次，妈妈让我到离农舍大约二十码远的大路上，邀请路过的一群季节性的求职者回家吃饭。A. perid时期；B. ccasin时机，场合；C. stry故事，事情；D. quarrel争吵。根据语境，作者讲述自己的经历，ccasin这里指“某次……的时候”，故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一次，妈妈让我到离农舍大约二十码远的大路上，邀请路过的一群季节性的求职者回家吃饭。A. send发送，派遣；B. demand要求；C. invite邀请；D. guide。根据下文“I… was then t ______ the meal fr them.”,可知，此处是“邀请”一群路过此地找工作的人到家里。故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一次，妈妈让我到离农舍大约二十码远的大路上，邀请路过的一群季节性的求职者回家吃饭。A. rest休息；B. chat闲谈；C. night夜晚；D. meal饭。邀请那些人到家里“吃饭”。下句中 meal 一词有复现。故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我生了火，然后准备给他们做饭。A. prepare准备；B. beg恳求；C. rder命令；D. buy买。根据上文“I made a fire”可知，“我”生了火，然后“准备”做饭。故选A。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一想到在那么热的三腿的大锅里煮饭，我就心烦意乱。A. satisfy令人满意；B. attract吸引；C. please讨人喜欢；D. upset使心烦。根据下文妈妈对“我”的劝说可知，“我”此刻为陌生人做饭并不甘心而心烦意乱。故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没打算向我的母亲隐瞒我的感受，收拾停当后，她把我叫到阳台上，她通常坐在那里做针线活。A. hide隐瞒；B. express表达；C. defend保卫；D. change改变。根据下文母亲找“我”谈话可判断, “我”没能“掩盖住”自己的情绪。故选A。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我没打算向我的母亲隐瞒我的感受，收拾停当后，她把我叫到阳台上，她通常坐在那里做针线活。A. deliberately故意地；B. usually通常，经常；C. currently目前；D. secretly秘密地。根据语境，阳台是母亲“经常”缝纫的地方。故选B。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她直视着我的眼睛说：“Jhnsn，当我要求你为那些可怜的人准备一顿饭时，你为什么不高兴呢？”A. fearful害怕的；B. cntent满意的；C. excited兴奋的；D. unhappy不快乐的。母亲问“我”为什么“不开心”。本空与5题相呼应。故选D。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她直视着我的眼睛说：“Jhnsn，当我要求你为那些可怜的人准备一顿饭时，你为什么不高兴呢？”A. pr可怜的；B. brave勇敢的；C. weak虚弱的；D. hmeless无家可归的。在母亲看来, 那些人是“令人同情的，可怜的”。故选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我试图否认她的指责，并极力为我不好的行为找借口，妈妈说：“脚没有鼻子。”A. praise赞扬；B. suggestin建议；C. charge指责；D. encuragement鼓励。根据语境可知，“我”试图否认母亲的“指责”。charge 此处意为“指责”。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我试图否认她的指责，并极力为我的不当行为找借口，妈妈说：“脚没有鼻子。”A. pinin观点；B. excuse借口；C. argument争吵；D. idea想法。根据语境可知，“我”在为自己的不当行为找“借口”。故选B。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的意思是，“你无法察觉将要面临的困难。” A. frtune财富，命运；B. disaster灾难；C. truble麻烦；D. deal交易。母亲用一句谚语“A ft has n nse. ”想告诉“我”：一个人无法察觉前面会有什么“麻烦”, 所以要懂得帮助别人。故选C。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我拒绝给这群人一顿饭吃，那么在未来某时的旅行中，我可能会发现自己会受制于同样的这些人（不得不有求于他们的帮助）。A. bked预订；B. packed挤满；C. ffered提供；D. denied拒绝。本句使用了虚拟语气。如果“我”当时“拒绝”给这群人一顿饭, 可能会发生这样的事情, 在未来的某个时候, 在“我”的“旅途”中, “我”发现自己任由这些人摆布。意思是说“我”有麻烦的时候, 别人是不会理睬的。故选D。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我拒绝给这群人一顿饭吃，那么在未来某时的旅行中，我可能会发现自己会受制于同样的这些人（而不得不有求于他们的帮助）。A. travels旅行，旅途；B. lessns经验教训；C. prgrams程序；D. struggles斗争。解析同上。故选A。
35．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：好像这还不足以让我感到羞愧似的，妈妈接着说：“人之所以为人，是因为有他人的存在。”A. If如果；B. As if好像；C. Even thugh虽然，即使；D. Befre在……之前。根据下文可知，母亲唯恐“我”不明白她的话，“好像” 这还不足以让我感到羞愧似的，并进一步解释说，告诉“我”人与人之间应该互相帮助, 在这个过程中才能体现人的价值。故选B。