2023-2024学年广东省化州市林尘中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试题含答案

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第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Here are sme f the prettiest small twns acrss Eurpe.
Giethrn, Netherlands
They call it the Dutch answer t Venice, but Giethrn lacks ne crucial thing that the Italian city has verturism. As in Venice, life ges arund the water. There are n cars in the center s the nly way t get arund is n ft r n the water. Hungry? Stp at the Michelin-starred restaurant Hllands Venetië.
Guimãries, Prtugal
Guimãries is crucial t Prtugal’s histry — It was named the cuntry’s first capital in the 12th century. Its Middle Age cre remains largely undamaged, full f grand ld palaces and a brken castle, standing n tp f a cliff. Like everywhere in Prtugal, lcal bakeries make a taste pie, but here yu shuld try the lcal speciality: trtas de Guimãries, a pastry filled with squash and grund almnds.
Clvelly, UK
Dnkeys used t be the nly way t get up and dwn the steep streets f Clvelly, a pretty fishing village in Devn, suthwest England. Tday, they still haven’t managed t bring cars in. It sits at the bttm f a 400-ft cliff. Instead, gds are transprted by man-pwered sledges (雪橇).
Kenmare, Ireland
On the suthwestern tip f Ireland, the land melts int the cean in Cunty Kerry. Kenmare swings n the bay f the same name. This is in the middle f sme f Ireland’s best lved ares. It’s n the Wild Atlantic Way, between the Ring f Kerry and the Ring f Beara. Kenmare is knwn fr its fd, and fr its views — with grand muntains behind the clear bay.
1. Hw can ne travel in Giethrn?
A. By car.B. By bus.C. By air.D. By water.
2. Why is Guimarães imprtant t Prtugal’s histry?
A. It stands n tp f a cliff.B. It has many grand ld palaces.
C. It was the cuntry’s first capital.D. It attracted many famus bakers.
3. In which place can yu experience the life f a fishing village?
A. Giethrn.B. Guimarães.C. Clvelly.D. Kenmare.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了欧洲四个美丽的小城镇。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“There are n cars in the center s the nly way t get arund is n ft r n the water.(市中心没有汽车，所以唯一的出行方式是步行或水上)”可知，Giethrn的出行方式是水路。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Guimãries is crucial t Prtugal’s histry — It was named the cuntry’s first capital in the 12th century.( Guimãries对葡萄牙的历史至关重要——它在12世纪被命名为葡萄牙的第一个首都)”可知，Guimarães对葡萄牙历史重要因为它是国家的第一个首都。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Dnkeys used t be the nly way t get up and dwn the steep streets f Clvelly, a pretty fishing village in Devn, suthwest England.(在英格兰西南部德文郡一个美丽的渔村Clvelly，驴子曾经是人们在陡峭的街道上走来走去的唯一工具)”可知，Clvelly能体验到渔村的生活。故选C。
B
David Rees runs a very distinctive business. He charges custmers $15 t sharpen their pencils t perfectin, using a variety f tls.
I knw what yu’re thinking—is this a jke? The 39-year-ld gets asked that questin a lt. T clarify everything, he even created a special sectin n his website telling everyne he’s actually prviding a real service.
Yu can supply yur wn pencil r yu can have Rees sharpen ne f his wn favrite 2B pencils. After that, he mails it t yu in a display tube with the shavings in a separate bag, and an authentic certificate which just happens t mentin the pencil is s sharp as t be a dangerus bject.
T achieve the desired result, the master sharpener uses all kinds f tls, including general sandpaper, pcket knives and even a special $ 450 sharpening machine. “It depends n what the custmer wants t use his/her pencil fr,” he says. That determines the mst apprpriate pencil-sharpening technique. Sme custmers buy pencils as inspiratinal symbls while thers buy them because f their special memries f classic 2B pencils.
$15 t have a pencil sharpened is a bit expensive thugh, right? Yu’re nt the nly ne wh feels that way, and David’s unique business has really angered lts f peple, wh talk f inequality in America, saying it is s insane fr the wealthy t pay $15 t sharpen a pencil. But thers will say, “This is just ur urge t put an end t the welfare state because new ideas arise alng with the business.”
David admits his trade is srt f unusual. But there are thse wh actually value his service, as is prven by the ver 500 rders he has gtten.
4. Hw culd David make mney by sharpening pencils?
A. He invented new tls fr the jb.
B. He prvided quality service fr his custmers.
C. He prmted his skill n his website.
D. He saved lts f time fr ther peple.
5. What can we infer frm the wrds f David Rees in paragraph 4?
A. He prvides persnalized services.
B. He knws all kinds f pencil users.
C He values ideas behind the pencils.
D. He always writes in pencil.
6. What des the underlined wrd “insane” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Deliberate.B. Rewarding.C. Unreasnable.D. Irrespnsible.
7. What seems t be the authr’s attitude t David Rees’ trade?
A. It’s a waste f time and mney.B. It needs further imprvement.
C. It’s awfully expensive.D. It’s a fancy service.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了 David Rees通过帮别人削铅笔来赚钱的独特生意。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He charges custmers $ 15 t sharpen their pencils t perfectin, using a variety f tls.”（David使用各种工具将铅笔削完美并向顾客收取15英镑的费用。）可知，大卫为顾客提供优质服务，由此赚钱。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It depends n what the custmer wants t use his/her pencil fr”（这取决于顾客想用铅笔做什么）以及“Sme custmers buy pencils as inspiratinal symbls while thers buy them because f their special memries f classic 2B pencils.”（一些顾客购买铅笔是为了象征灵感，而另一些人购买铅笔是因为他们对经典2B铅笔的特殊记忆。）故可推知，他是根据顾客的不同需求而提供个性化的服务。故选A项。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段划线单词该句中的“Yu’re nt the nly ne wh feels that way, and David’s unique business has really angered lts f peple, wh talk f inequality in America…”（你不是唯一一个有这种感觉的人，大卫独特的生意确实激怒了很多人，他们谈论美国的不平等……。）可推知这些人不赞成这种想法，认为花 15 美元削铅笔太贵了，这是不合理的，故可猜测划线单词insane为“荒唐的，不合理的”意思，结合选项C项Unreasnable“不合理的”意思一致。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“David Rees runs a very distinctive business.”（大卫·里斯经营着一家与众不同的公司。）以及最后一段中的“But there are thse wh actually value his service, as is prven by the ver 500 rders he has gtten.”（但也有一些人真正重视他的服务，这从他获得的500多份订单就可以证明。）可知，作者认为他所提供削铅笔的服务 是与众不同的，别致高档的。故选D项。
C
Researchers recently fund what culd be the earliest-knwn evidence f ancient cking: the leftvers f a fish dinner frm 780,000 years ag. Ancient bjects frm the area suggest it was hme t a cmmunity f Hm erectus, a kind f early human that walked upright, explained study lead writer Irit Zhar f Tel Aviv University. The fish remains especially teeth, were fund near places where researchers als fund signs f fire. Testing shwed the fish teeth had been expsed t temperatures that were ht, but nt super-ht. This suggests the fish were cked lw and slw, rather than being put right nt a fire, Zhar explained.
The researchers — like many ther experts — believe cking started lng befre this, thugh physical evidence has been hard t find. “I’m sure that in the near future an earlier case will be reprted, study writer Israel Hershkvitz f Tel Aviv University said in an email.
“When early humans figured ut hw t ck, they were able t get mre energy, which they culd use t fuel bigger brains. If we’re ut there eating raw items, it is very difficult t make it as a large-bdied primate (灵长目动物),” David Braun frm Gerge Washingtn University said.
In a 2010 study, led by Natalie Munr f the University f Cnnecticut, researchers described die earliest evidence f a feast. The feast was a specially-prepared meal that brught peple tgether fr an event 12,000 years ag in a cave in Israel. “The cave, which served as a burial place, included the remains f ne special wman wh seemed t be a religius leader fr her cmmunity,” Munr said.
“This ‘first feast’ came at an imprtant turning pint in human histry, right as hunter-gatherers were starting t settle int mre permanent living situatins,” Munr said. And she said she believes ancient gathering fr special meals just lked like mdem gatherings: Peple exchange infrmatin, make cnnectins, r try t imprve their psitin.
8. What can be cncluded abut humans 780000 years ag frm Paragraph 1?
A. They were gd at fishing.B. They used fire fr cking.
C. They had very sharp teeth.D. They culd hunt animals.
9. What des cking help early humans d accrding t David Braun?
A. Fuel human evlutin.B. Build up their characters.
C. Digest the fd easily.D. Becme mre healthy.
10. What des Munr think f ancient feasts?
A. They benefited human beings’ bdies.
B. They imprved human beings’ abilities.
C. They led t cultural diversity.
D. They had certain scial uses.
11. Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A. A study.B. A nvel.C. A diary.D. A textbk.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最近的一项研究发现了可能是已知的最早的古代烹饪证据。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“The fish remains especially teeth, were fund near places where researchers als fund signs f fire. Testing shwed the fish teeth had been expsed t temperatures that were ht, but nt super-ht. This suggests the fish were cked lw and slw, rather than being put right nt a fire, Zhar explained.(这些鱼的遗骸，尤其是牙齿，是在研究人员发现过火痕迹的地方附近发现的。测试表明，鱼牙暴露在高温下，但不是超级热。Zhar解释说，这表明这些鱼是用小火慢煮的，而不是直接放在火上。)”可推断出，78万年前人类用火做饭。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中““When early humans figured ut hw t ck, they were able t get mre energy, which they culd use t fuel bigger brains. If we’re ut there eating raw items, it is very difficult t make it as a large-bdied primate (灵长目动物),” David Braun frm Gerge Washingtn University said.(“当早期人类知道如何烹饪时，他们能够获得更多的能量，这些能量可以用来为更大的大脑提供能量。”乔治·华盛顿大学的David Braun说：“如果我们在外面吃生的东西，作为一种大型灵长类动物，很难做到这一点。”)”可知，根据David Braun的说法，烹饪推动了早期人类的进化，故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“And she said she believes ancient gathering fr special meals just lked like mdem gatherings: Peple exchange infrmatin, make cnnectins, r try t imprve their psitin.(她说，她认为古代的特殊膳食聚会看起来就像现代的聚会：人们交换信息，建立联系，或者试图改善他们的地位。)”可知，Munr认为古代特殊食物的聚会看起来就像现代聚会：人们交换信息，建立联系，或者试图改善自己的地位。因此古代的这场盛宴有一定的社会用途。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Researchers recently fund what culd be the earliest-knwn evidence f ancient cking: the leftvers f a fish dinner frm 780,000 years ag.(研究人员最近发现了可能是已知最早的古代烹饪证据：78万年前一顿鱼晚餐的剩饭。)”可知，该篇文章来自一篇科学研究，故选A。
D
With an abundance f sun and wind, Spain is psitining itself as Eurpe’s future leader in green hydrgen prductin t clean up heavy industries. But sme energy experts express cautin because this prcess relies n massive availability f zer-carbn electricity.
Green hydrgen is created when renewable energy surces pwer an electrical current that runs thrugh water, separating its hydrgen and xygen mlecules (分子). The prcess desn’t prduce planet-warming carbn dixide, but less than 0.1% f glbal hydrgen prductin is currently created in this way.
The separated hydrgen can be used in the prductin f steel, ammnia (氨) and chemical prducts, all f which require industrial prcesses that are harder t stp fssil fuels. Hydrgen als can be used as a transprtatin fuel, which culd ne day transfrm the highly plluting shipping and aviatin sectrs.
Spain’s large, windswept and thinly ppulated territry receives mre than 2,500 hurs f sunshine n average per year, prviding ideal cnditins fr wind and slar energy, and therefre green hydrgen prductin.
“If yu lk at where hydrgen is ging t be prduced in Eurpe in the next millin years, it’s in tw cuntries, Spain and Prtugal,” said Thierry Lepercq, the funder and president f HyDeal Ambitin, an industry platfrm bringing tgether 30 cmpanies. “Hydrgen is the new il.”
Lepercq is wrking with cmpanies like Spanish gas pipeline crpratin Enagas and glbal steel giant ArcelrMittal t design an end-t-end mdel fr hydrgen prductin, distributin and supply at a cmpetitive price. Criticism has centered n green hydrgen’s higher cst cmpared with highly-plluting “gray hydrgen” drawn frm natural gas. Lepercq argues that slar energy prduced in Spain is priced lw enugh t cmpete.
Glbally, Lepercq said, “Electricity is 20% f energy cnsumptin. What abut the 80% that is nt electrified? ... Yu need t replace thse fssil fuels. Nt in 50 years’ time. Yu need t replace them nw.”
12. Why are sme experts cautius abut green hydrgen prductin in Spain?
A. It needs large amunts f sun and wind.B. It has an effect n heavy industries.
C. It causes cnflicts amng cuntries.D. It uses lts f zer-carbn electricity.
13. What is the advantage f green hydrgen prductin in Spain?
A. Ideal gegraphical cnditins.B. The supprt frm gvernment.
C. Hydrgen prductin technlgy.D. Well-develped public transprts.
14. What can be inferred abut green hydrgen in Spain accrding t Lepercq?
A. It is highly priced.B. It is easy t stre.
C. It is cmpetitive.D. It is highly-plluting.
15. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Spain manages t use zer-carbn electricity.B. Spain struggles t lead EU in heavy industry.
C. Spain takes the lead in preventing air pllutin.D. Spain replaces fssil fuel with green hydrgen.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了凭借充足的阳光和风，西班牙将成为欧洲绿色氢生产的未来领导者。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But sme energy experts express cautin because this prcess relies n massive availability f zer-carbn electricity.(但一些能源专家表示谨慎，因为这一过程依赖于零碳电力的大量可用性)”可知，一些能源专家表示谨慎是因为这一过程依赖于零碳电力的大量可用性。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Spain’s large, windswept and thinly ppulated territry receives mre than 2,500 hurs f sunshine n average per year, prviding ideal cnditins fr wind and slar energy, and therefre green hydrgen prductin.(西班牙面积大，多风，人口稀少，每年平均日照超过2500小时，为风能和太阳能提供了理想条件，因此也为绿色氢生产提供了理想的条件)”可知，西班牙绿色氢生产的一大优势就是其优越的地理条件。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Lepercq is wrking with cmpanies like Spanish gas pipeline crpratin Enagas and glbal steel giant ArcelrMittal t design an end-t-end mdel fr hydrgen prductin, distributin and supply at a cmpetitive price. Criticism has centered n green hydrgen’s higher cst cmpared with highly-plluting “gray hydrgen” drawn frm natural gas. Lepercq argues that slar energy prduced in Spain is priced lw enugh t cmpete.(Lepercq正在与西班牙天然气管道公司Enagas和全球钢铁巨头ArcelrMittal公司合作，设计一种端到端的氢气生产、分销和供应模式，价格具有竞争力。批评的焦点是，与从天然气中提取的高污染“灰氢”相比，绿色氢的成本更高。Lepercq认为，西班牙生产的太阳能价格足够低，具有竞争力)”可知，Lepercq认为西班牙的绿氢生产极具竞争性。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“With an abundance f sun and wind, Spain is psitining itself as Eurpe’s future leader in green hydrgen (氢气) prductin t clean up heavy industries.(凭借充足的阳光和风，西班牙将自己定位为清洁重工业的绿色氢生产的欧洲的未来领导者)”以及第四段“Spain’s large, windswept and thinly ppulated territry receives mre than 2,500 hurs f sunshine n average per year, prviding ideal cnditins fr wind and slar energy, and therefre green hydrgen prductin.(西班牙面积大，多风，人口稀少，每年平均日照超过2500小时，为风能和太阳能提供了理想的条件，因此也为绿色氢生产提供了理想的条件)”根据最后一段“Yu need t replace thse fssil fuels. Nt in 50 years’ time. Yu need t replace them nw.”（你需要替代那些化石燃料）可知，本文主要介绍的是西班牙凭借充足的阳光和风打算用绿色氢来取代化石燃料。由此可知，D选项“西班牙用绿色氢取代化石燃料”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cnscius (有意识的) living is nt just a trend. ____16____ It is abut being intentinal with everything yu d — yur wrds, actins, beliefs, habits, and chices. Accepting cnscius living takes sme effrt, but it is wrthwhile. Here are sme ways yu can achieve this gal.
●Be cnscius abut yur time.
Time is the mst precius thing because there is n way t live a mment again. ____17____ If yu waste yur precius hurs ding negative things, yu will regret it later. The first step fr living cnsciusly is t be wise abut yur time. Be selective abut things yu spend it n, and allcate (分配) it fr psitive activities.
●____18____
Yu cannt achieve them unless yu understand yur needs and intentins. It is easier said than dne because mst peple fail t make an effrt t knw themselves. Spend time thinking ver and knwing yur strengths and weaknesses. Once yu knw yurself better, yu can create a plan t wrk twards becming mre patient, hnest, and frgiving.
●Learn t be grateful.
Gratitude takes yu a lng way twards cnscius living. It pens yu up t a happier and a fulfilled mindset. Mst peple are unhappy because they see nly the negatives in life. Hwever, everyne has smething t be grateful fr. Writing a gratitude jurnal is a gd start fr cunting yur blessings. ____19____
●Believe in yurself.
It is the key t making the right chices, yet nt regretting the wrng nes. ____20____ Spending time alne and thinking deeply are effective measures that enable yu t identify the inner vice. Care fr it and fllw it t make it strnger dwn the line.
Cnscius living is a skill yu need t learn as yu g, s be willing t make the effrt and master it. Yu will absrb it sn and be a happier persn in the lng run.
A. Knw yurself better.
B. Accept the persn yu are.
C. Life can be a lt better with the right decisins.
D. It is a healthy chice that enables yu t be happy.
E. Pick it as a daily habit, and yu will ntice the difference.
F. The way yu spend yur time determines the curse f yur life.
G. The best way t build self-belief is by reflecting n yur wn thughts.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何学会有意识地生活。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Cnscius (有意识的) living is nt just a trend.(有意识的生活不仅仅是一种时尚)”中“nt just”可知，有意识的生活不仅仅是一种时尚，因此下文会更一进定义有意识的生活，D“It is a healthy chice that enables yu t be happy.(它是一种健康的选择，能让你快乐)”提出有意识的生活还能带来快乐，与上文构成递进关系，句中代词it指代上文中“Cnscius (有意识的) living”。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“Time is the mst precius thing because there is n way t live a mment again.(时间是最宝贵的东西，因为没有办法让一个瞬间重来)”分析了时间宝贵的原因，F项“The way yu spend yur time determines the curse f yur life.(你如何利用时间，决定了你的人生轨迹)”承接上文，说明利用时间对人生的重意义，照应本段主题“Be cnscius abut yur time.(要意识到你的时间)”，上下文语意连贯一致。故选F项。
【18题详解】
设空处是本段标题，根据下文“Yu cannt achieve them unless yu understand yur needs and intentins. It is easier said than dne because mst peple fail t make an effrt t knw themselves. Spend time thinking ver and knwing yur strengths and weaknesses. Once yu knw yurself better, yu can create a plan t wrk twards becming mre patient, hnest, and frgiving.(除非你了解自己的需求和意图，否则你无法实现这些目标。这说起来容易做起来难，因为大多数人都没有努力去了解自己。花点时间思考并了解自己的优点和缺点。一旦你更了解自己，你就可以制定一个计划，让自己变得更有耐心、诚实和宽容)”可知，本段主要讲要去了解自己，所以A项“Knw yurself better.(更好地了解自己)”是最佳标题。故选A项。
【19题详解】
上文“Writing a gratitude jurnal is a gd start fr cunting yur blessings. (写感恩日记是一个计算你所拥有的幸福的良好开端)”提出用写日记的方式来学会感恩，E项“Pick it as a daily habit, and yu will ntice the difference.(把它作为一种日常习惯，你会发现其中的不同)”承接上文，建议让写感恩日记变成一种习惯，上下文语意连贯；句中it指代上文中“Writing a gratitude jurnal”。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据小标题“Believe in yurself.(相信自己)”可知，本段主要讲相信自己，即建立自信，G项“The best way t build self-belief is by reflecting n yur wn thughts.(建立自信的最好方法是反思自己的想法)”提出方法，上下语意连贯。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year, high schl students aged 15-19 frm all arund the wrld make a huge decisin. They ___21___ their hme and g t anther cuntry t study fr up t a year. An exchange year is knwn as a time when new experiences ___22___ students abut a different way f life. Smetimes there will be ___23___ and bad mments, but thse are the mments when the students ___24___ the mst.
“An exchange year isn’t a year in yur life; it’s a life in a year,” said Isabela Seixas, an 18-year-ld exchange student frm Brazil.
Seixas has been living in Saint Jseph this year. Her year didn’t start ___25___ the way she was hping. Seixas had truble making friends and she culdn’t ___26___ with her hst family.
“I had the wrst and the best time here. The beginning was terrible. I didn’t pen up and n ne talked t me. I was even ___27___ t g hme befre the year ended,” Seixas said.
When the year 2020 started, Seixas ___28___ her hst family and gave the U. S. ne mre chance. She als changed her ___29___. Nw she has a great relatinship with her hst parents and has a lt f friends. She’s ___30___ her time.
“I lve all the seasns, watching the changes and the changes in me. I learned that it’s imprtant t talk t peple and start building cnnectins with them. I’m glad that I ___31___ my cmfrt zne,” said Seixas.
Exchange students grw a lt during their exchange year and they see the wrld in a ___32___ way. They will have difficulties they need t ___33___ by themselves but they will g back t their hme mre mature and ___34___.
“Yu will have bad days, but if yu pen yur mind t new experiences and share yur ___35___ with peple, yu will have the best time f yur life,” said Seixas.
21. A. leaveB. prtectC. missD. find
22. A. warnB. remindC. trainD. educate
23. A. pprtunitiesB. difficultiesC. jurneysD. methds
24. A. understandB. avidC. grwD. care
25. A. exactlyB. extremelyC. pssiblyD. accurately
26. A. shareB. exerciseC. cnnectD. stay
27. A. readyB. excitedC. angryD. afraid
28. A. missedB. changedC. cmfrtedD. thanked
29. A. dreamB. lkC. planD. attitude
30. A. spendingB. killingC. wastingD. enjying
31. A. slipped ut fB. ran ut fC. stepped ut fD. made way fr
32 A. strictB. newC. fastD. peaceful
33. A. vercmeB. nticeC. preventD. reprt
34. A. familiarB. independentC. intelligentD. humrus
35. A. belngingsB. impressinsC. memriesD. feelings
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要说明了Isabela Seixas离开家乡去另一个国家学习长达一年，一开始不适应想要回家，最后做了一些改变，克服了困难，开始享受时光。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们离开家乡去另一个国家学习长达一年。A. leave离开；B. prtect保护；C. miss错过；D. find找到。根据后文“their hme and g t anther cuntry t study fr up t a year”可知，去另外一个国家学习，需要离开家。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：交换年被认为是一段新的经历教育学生不同的生活方式的时间。A. warn警告；B. remind提醒；C. train训练；D. educate教育。根据后文“students abut a different way f life”可知，去另一个国家可以教育学生不同的生活方式，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时会有困难和糟糕的时刻，但那些是学生成长最多的时刻。A. pprtunities机会；B. difficulties困难；C. jurneys旅程；D. methds方法。与后文“and bad mments”并列，是在说明遇到的困难和糟糕时刻。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时会有困难和糟糕的时刻，但那些是学生成长最多的时刻。A. understand理解；B. avid避免；C. grw生长；D. care关心。根据上文“and bad mments, but thse are the mments when the students”中but表示转折，说明会有糟糕的时刻，但学生也可以从中成长最多。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她这一年的开始并不完全像她希望的那样。A. exactly恰好；B. extremely非常；C. pssibly可能；D. accurately精确地。根据后文“Seixas had truble making friends”可知，遇到了困难，说明并不完全和希望的一样，exactly符合语境。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：塞克斯在交朋友方面有困难，她无法与寄宿家庭建立联系。A. share分享；B. exercise锻炼；C. cnnect连接；D. stay停留。根据后文“I didn’t pen up and n ne talked t me.(我没有敞开心扉，也没人跟我说话)”可知，指她无法与寄宿家庭建立联系。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我甚至准备在年底前回家，”塞克斯说。A. ready准备好的；B. excited激动的；C. angry生气的；D. afraid害怕的。根据后文“t g hme befre the year ended”可知，她不适应那里的生活，所以准备年底前回家。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当2020年开始时，塞克斯改变了她的寄宿家庭，给了美国又一次机会。A. missed错过；B. changed改变；C. cmfrted安慰；D. thanked感谢。呼应后文“She als changed”指改变了寄宿家庭，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她也改变了自己的态度。A. dream梦想；B. lk样子；C. plan计划；D. attitude态度。根据后文“Nw she has a great relatinship with her hst parents and has a lt f friends.(现在她和她的寄宿父母关系很好，有很多朋友)”可知，她改变了自己对生活的态度。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在享受她的时光。A. spending花费；B. killing杀死；C. wasting浪费；D. enjying享受。根据后文“I lve all the seasns, watching the changes and the changes in me.(我喜欢所有的季节，看着季节变化和我的变化)”可知，后文的话语说明她在享受她的时光。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很高兴我走出了自己的舒适区。A. slipped ut f溜出；B. ran ut f用完；C. stepped ut f走出；D. made way fr让路。结合上文可知她做了很多改变，改变了寄宿家庭和自己的态度，所以是走出了舒适区。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：交换生在他们的交换年里成长了很多，他们以一种新的方式看待世界。A. strict严格的；B. new新的；C. fast快速的；D. peaceful和平的。上文“Exchange students grw a lt”提到交换生成长了很多，所以如今是新的方式在看待世界。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会有需要自己克服的困难，但他们会更成熟、更独立地回到家里。A. vercme克服；B. ntice注意到；C. prevent阻止；D. reprt报告。根据上文“They will have difficulties they need t”指克服困难，应用动词vercme。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们会有需要自己克服的困难，但他们会更成熟、更独立地回到家里。A. familiar熟悉的；B. independent独立的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. humrus幽默的。上文提到他们会有需要自己克服的困难，所以会变得更加独立。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你会有糟糕的日子，但如果你敞开心扉接受新的体验，并与人分享你的感受，你将度过一生中最美好的时光，”塞克斯说。A. belngings所有物；B. impressins印象；C. memries记忆；D. feelings感觉。根据上文“if yu pen yur mind t new experiences and share yur”可知，敞开心扉意味着和别人分享你的感受。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Based n the Chinese zdiac (十二生肖), 2023 is the year f the rabbit. The Chinese zdiac has ___36___ cntinuus cycle f 12 years. Each year is represented by a zdiac animal. It ___37___ (base) n astrlgy (占星术) and was used as a way t cunt years in the Chinese lunar calendar in ancient times. The rabbit ranks furth in this 12-year cycle f Chinese zdiac animals. The 12 zdiac animals are rat, x, tiger, rabbit, dragn, snake, hrse, gat, mnkey, rster, dg and pig.
Accrding t Chinese astrlgy, each zdiac year is assciated ___38___ ne f the five ___39___(element): metal, wd, water, fire r earth. 2023 is the year f the water rabbit. A water rabbit year ___40___(arise) every 60 years. The year f the rabbit 2023 is a very peaceful year ___41___ (welcme) with pen arms. We need t retreat t a quiet and peaceful place ___42___(heal) ur wunds and wind dwn after all we had t endure in the previus year. It is a time ___43___ we have t keep urselves in check and nt becme lazy.
The Chinese hrscpe (星象) tells us that the year f the rabbit will be calm and at peace. In Chinese culture, the rabbit is thught t be the ___44___(lucky) animal f the 12 animals f the zdiac. It signifies ____45____(frgive), grace and beauty.
【答案】36. a 37. was based
38. with 39. elements
40. arises 41. welcmed
42. t heal
43. when 44. luckiest
45. frgiveness
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。中国的十二生肖是以12年为一个连续的周期。2023年是兔年，兔年是非常平和的一年，所有人都张开双臂欢迎。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：中国的十二生肖以12年为一个连续的周期。此处泛指一个连续的周期，所以用不定冠词，且cntinuus发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它基于占星术，在古代被用作一种计算中国农历年和小时的方法。be based n意为“以……为基础”，句子缺少谓语动词，it与base之间为被动关系，主语单数，谓语单数形式；同时句子时间为 ancient times这一过去的事实，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was based。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：根据中国占星术，每个生肖年都与五种元素中的一种有关：金、木、水、火或土。固定短语：be assciated with表示“与……有关”。故填with。
【39题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：根据中国占星术，每个生肖年都与五种元素中的一种有关：金、木、水、火或土。根据设空前five，应用可数名词element的复数的形式。故填elements。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：水兔年每60年出现一次。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，arise是不及物动词，主语为A water rabbit year，谓语用三单形式。故填arises。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年兔年是非常平和的一年，所有人都张开双臂迎接兔年。分析句子结构可知welcme与逻辑主语year构成被动关系，故应用过去分词表被动含义。故填welcmed。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们需要退到一个安静祥和的地方来抚平我们的创伤，在经历了前一年的种种之后放松一下。分析句子结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用不定式t heal作目的状语。故填t heal。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是一个我们必须自我约束时期，不要变得懒惰。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为a time，关系词在从句中作状语，应用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。
【44题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在中国文化中，兔子被认为是十二生肖中最幸运的动物。根据空前the和后面12种动物范围可知，此处表示最幸运的动物，应用形容词最高级作定语。故填luckiest。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：它象征着宽恕、优雅和美丽。根据后面and并列结构可知应用frgive的名词形式作宾语，为不可数名词。故填frgiveness。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华， 学生会将举行以“Enjy Reading, Enjy Life”为主题的校园读书分享活动。请你根据提示写一则通知告知国际部学生，内容包括：
1.活动意图；
2.活动内容；
3.欢迎参加。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ntice
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Student Unin
【答案】参考范文
Ntice
Aiming t aruse ur interest in reading and enrich ur schl life, an activity will be held fr us t share ur bks and reading experiences.
With the theme f “Enjy Reading, Enjy Life”, the activity will take place in the lecture hall n June 24, which will start at 2:00 pm and last apprximately tw hurs. Any student wh has a passin fr reading can bring yur favrite bk and share yur cmment. If pssible, yu can use PwerPint t make it mre vivid and effective.
If yu are interested, please sign up in Rm 101, Building 2 ne day in advance. We are lking frward t yur participatin.
The Student Unin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生代表学生会写一则通知，告知国际部学生学生会将举行以“Enjy Reading, Enjy Life”为主题的校园读书分享活动，以及活动的相关事宜。
【详解】1.词汇积累
目的是：aim t t→be aimed at ding
主题：theme→subject
喜欢：hava a passin fr→be passinate abut
提前：in advance→ahead f time
2.句型拓展
同义句转换
原句：With the theme f “Enjy Reading, Enjy Life”, the activity will take place in the lecture hall n June 24, which will start at 2:00 pm and last apprximately tw hurs.
拓展句：The activity, whse theme is “Enjy Reading, Enjy Life”, will take place in the lecture hall n June 24, which will start at 2:00 pm and last apprximately tw hurs.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Aiming t aruse ur interest in reading and enrich ur schl life, an activity will be held fr us t share ur bks and reading experiences.（运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]With the theme f “Enjy Reading, Enjy Life”, the activity will take place in the lecture hall n June 24, which will start at 2:00 pm and last apprximately tw hurs.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mst f us never frget the persn that was there fr us in ur darkest times. Apparently, penguins (企鹅) dn’t either.
On a typical day, ff the cast f a small Brazilian island, Ja Pereira de Suza headed ut fishing. He was disheartened t find that an il leak had plluted the waters. Staring ut at the ily waves, he decided it was nt a gd day t fish. But walking n the beach that day, he fund a struggling penguin, cvered in il and starving.
Ja tk the penguin hme, and spent a whle week gently cleaning it and nursing it back t health. He named it Dindim, a Prtuguese wrd meaning “ice pp”. Dindim is a Magellanic penguin, a species knwn fr living in the seas f Suth America. In rder t breed (繁殖), they must return t Patagnia, 5,000 miles frm Ja’s hme.
After a week f rehabilitatin (康复), Ja patiently tk Dindim back t the sea and taught it hw t swim again. When Dindim culd swim quite well, Ja tk it ut int the sea by bat and drpped it ff t encurage it t swim back t its hme. But when he was back t shre, he fund the penguin waiting fr him. Ja made tw mre attempts later, but each time the bird wuld just return t Ja’s hme. It seemed that Dindim had already frmed a family bnd with Ja and wuldn’t leave.
Ja had n chice but t keep the little creature. During the fllwing mnths, Dindim wuld fllw behind Ja t fish n the cast jyfully. Dindim als liked t lie n Ja’s lap, letting Ja give it shwers, allwing Ja t feed it fish and t pick it up. Ja and his family enjyed the cmpany f Dindim. But deep inside Ja’s heart, he knew Dindim belnged t the wild. Gradually, the ht summer days witnessed the change f its new feathers. Was it time t say “gdbye”?
注意：
1. 续写词数成为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly ne mrning, Ja fund Dindim disappeared.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A few mnths later, Ja heard sme familiar cries in his backyard.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Suddenly ne mrning, Ja fund Dindim disappeared. “Has it really left?” Ja wndered, his mind mixing with srrw and jy. In rder t breed, he knew that Dindim had t g back, but it still made him heartbrken. Lking at the empty nest, he refused t leave. After a while, he bent dwn, picked up a few feathers frm the grund, and turned back t the rm. When putting the feather int a jar, he said t himself, “Fine, it’s finally grwn up.”
A few mnths later, Ja heard sme familiar cries in his backyard. He hurriedly ran t the backyard. What caught his eyes were a grup f penguins lking arund! One even staggered up t him and lked up at him, as if asking, “Old friend, d yu remember me?” It was Dindim! He quickly bent dwn, gently strking its feathers. Later, these penguins lived there fr a while and left sme beautiful memries. S, just like Dindim, a penguin remembering wh saved it when in truble, let’s always be grateful.
【解析】
【导语】本文以故事发展为线索展开，讲述了Ja出海打渔时救助了被油污污染且饥饿的小企鹅Dindim，他把小企鹅带回家悉心照顾，使它恢复健康，茁壮成长。但因为需要繁衍，小企鹅必须回到自己原先居住的地方。有一天它突然离开了。Ja虽然深知这是必然，还是很难过。过了几个月，让人意料不到的是这只企鹅竟然回到了Ja的家里，因此本文呈现了一个小企鹅心怀感恩的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然有一天早上，Ja发现Dindim不见了。”可知，第一段可描写Ja发现企鹅离开之后的场景和心情。
②由第二段首句内容“几个月后，Ja听到自家后院有一些熟悉的叫喊声。”可知，第二段可描写企鹅Dindim重新回到Ja家里的场景。
2.续写线索：救助Dindim——照顾养育Dindim——Dindim离开——Ja很不舍——Dindim回到Ja家——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.心想：wander/guess
②.回到：turn back t /return t
情绪类
①.悲喜交加的：mind mix with srrw and jy/be bitter-sweet
②.感恩的：be grateful/be thankful
【点睛】[高分句型1]. When putting the feather int a jar, he said t himself, “Fine, it’s finally grwn up.” （由when引导的时间状语从句使用了省略句的结构）
[高分句型2]. What caught his eyes were a grup f penguins lking arund!（由连词what引导的主语从句和现在分词作状语）