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unit10知识点精讲精练英语八年级上册（人教新目标版）
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这是一份unit10知识点精讲精练英语八年级上册（人教新目标版），共20页。
Unit10 If you go to the party you’ll have a great time!知识点讲解一、If you do, the teachers won’t let you in.do, does, did等助动词可用来代替上文提到的动词，以避免重复例句：I don’t want to go shopping, but she does. 我不想去购物，但是她想去。二、If you ask people to bring food, they’ll just bring potato clips and chocolate because they’ll be too lazy to cook. 如果你让大家带食物来，他们只会带炸薯条和巧克力，因为他们太懒了。1、ask sb. to do sth.意为＂要求某人做某事＂，其否定形式是＂ask sb. not to do sth.＂要求某人不要做某事。例句：I ask him to go to the movies. 我让他去电影院。（2）too + adj./adv. + to do sth. 意为＂太……而不能做某事＂，表否定意义。【注意】too … to … 有时可与not ... enough to...进行同义转换。例句：The math problem is too difficult for me to work out. 这道数学题太难，我解不出来。例句：The boy is too young to join the army. = The boy is not old enough to join the army. 这个男孩太小了还不能参军。三、If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time. 如果你参加聚会，你将会玩得很开心。1、本句是含有条件状语从句的复合句。if引导的条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来，而主句用一般将来时(即主将从现)。此结构也可转化为：祈使句＋and/or＋一般将来时。例句：If you study hard, you will pass the exam. ＝Work hard, and you will pass the exam. 如果你努力学习，你就能通过考试2、have a great time意为＂过得愉快，玩得开心＂，相当于enjoy oneself。其中great还可以用good或wonderful来代替。例句：We had a great/good/nice time in the park.＝We had fun in the park. ＝We enjoyed ourselves in the park.我们在公园里玩得很开心。四、Can you give me some advice please? 请问你能给我一些建议吗？advice 劝告，忠告，不可数名词[(+on/to/about)]例句：Your English is pretty good. Can you give some advice to me?你英语很好。你能给我些建议吗？【拓展】advice作＂建议＂讲时，是不可数名词，而suggestion是可数名词。如果想表示＂一条建议＂则用a piece of advice。【advice的常用短语】give sb. some advice 给某人一些建议give advice on sth. 在某方面给出建议take/follow sb.’s advice 听从某人的建议ask sb. for advice 向某人征求意见例句：My teacher always give me some good advice when I am in trouble.当我遇到困难时，老师总会给我一些好的建议。【知识拓展】advise vt. 劝告advise sb how to do sth 建议某人如何做某事advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事五、half n. & det. & pron. & adv. 半，一半1、half作名词，复数形式是halves。例句：Cut the apple into halves. 把苹果切成两半。2、half表示某物的一半half an hour 半小时 half a kilo 半公斤 half the students 一半学生3、half of后跟名词时，名词前应有the，my等限定词修饰，of也可省略。例句：Half (of) the students in that school are from the countryside. 那个学校一半的学生来自农村。4、half of后也可接代词，但of不能省。例句：Half of them enjoyed the party last night. 他们中有一半人在昨晚的派对上玩得很开心。5、half用于表示＂几个半＂时的用法。 one and a half hours或one hour and a half 一个半小时 two and a half hours或two hours and a half 两个半小时六、 If people have problems, they should keep them to themselves.如果人们有麻烦，他们应该把这些烦恼留给自己。1、keep后接名词或代词作宾语，句中themselves是反身代词用作介词to的宾语。例句：Women often keep their ages to themselves. 妇女往往对她们的年龄保密。2、keep them to themselves: 把问题(烦恼)埋在心底，不向他人倾诉例句： You can keep the toy if you like要是你喜欢那个玩具的话，可以把它留下。【巧学妙记】3、keep secrets for sb.意为＂为某人保密＂。例句：Thank you for keeping secrets for me. 感谢你为我保守秘密。【keep用法小结】1、keep＋adj. 保持……2、keep＋sb./sth.＋adj. 使某人/某物保持……3、 keep＋doing sth. 一直不断地做某事4、keep...from doing sth.＝stop...from doing sth. 阻止……做某事七、Unless we talk to someone, we’ll certainly feel worse. 如果我们不找个人说说，我们当然会更难过。1、unless：＂除非；如果不＂，引导条件状语从句例句：You will miss the bus unless you hurry up. 你要不快点就错过班车了。2、unless有时可以与if ... not结构相互转换例句：We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow unless it rains. =If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will visit the Great Wall.除非明天下雨，否则我们就去参观长城。八、If I tell my parents, they’ll be angry! 如果我告诉我的父母，他们会生气。1、be angry with sb. ＂生某人的气＂；2、be angry at (about) sth. ＂对某事生气＂例句：The teacher was angry with me because I was late.我迟到了所以老师对我很生气。九、 In English, we say that sharing a problem is like cutting it in half.英语中，我们说与人分担一个烦恼就像是把它麻烦分成两半。1、share: 动词, 意思是＂分享；分担；共同负担＂。【常见用法】share a room with someone与某人同住一个房间share a book 合看一本书share a taxi 同坐一辆出租车share sth with sb. 与某人共享某物2、cut... in half : “把……切成两半；把……一切为二” cut: “(用剪刀)剪；(用刀)切” in half / halves: 是一种固定的结构，此处的介词in表示状态 例句：Please cut the orange in half.请把橙子一切两半。十、So you’re halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it!因此，你只要跟人聊聊这个问题，你就解决了问题的一半。1、be halfway to …完成了或做了事情的一部分(to是介词)例句：We’re still only halfway to finishing the homework.我们才仅仅完成了一部分作业。2、by 在此表示方式， ＂通过(……办法，方式)＂ by doing sth. 通过做某事例句：We can learn English by watching English movies. 我们可以通过英语电影来学英语。十一、have problems with 在某方面有问题/困难表示＂做某事有困难＂有以下几种常用结构：have problems (in) doing sth.＝have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.例句：We have problems/difficulty/trouble (in)getting to the top of the mountain.我们要爬到山顶很困难。十二、 Some people believe the worst thing is to do nothing. 有些人认为最糟糕的事情就是什么事情也不做。to do nothing为动词不定式短语作表语。动词不定式短语可以放在连系动词后面作表语，表达按计划，安排等要发生的事情。 例句：My dream is to be a scientist. 我的梦想是当一名科学家。十三、careless adj. 粗心的；不小心的careless在句中作定语或表语，反义词为 careful，副词形式为carelessly。例句：Don’t be careless when you ride your bike. 当你骑自行车时，不要粗心大意。【归纳拓展】十四、if 引导的条件状语从句条件状语从句是在复合句中作条件状语的句子。表示假如有从句的动作发生就会有主句的动作发生。条件状语从句常由连词if引导。(一)连接词if if如果，是引导条件状语从句的连接词，表示主句中动作发生的条件。 例句：If you get up early, you will catch the bus. 如果你早起的话，就能赶上那班公共汽车。 (二)if引导的条件状语从句的构成 构成方式为＂主句+if引导的条件状语从句＂或＂if引导的条件状语从句+主句＂。在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，如果主句在前，从句在后，主从句之间不用标点；如要强调从句的内容，则把从句放在主句的前面，这时主从句之间要用逗号隔开。例句：I will go to his birthday party if he invites me.=If he invites me, I will go to his birthday party. 如果他邀请我，我会去参加他的生日聚会。(三)if引导的条件状语从句的时态 在一般情况下，如果主句表示将来的意义，从句用一般现在时表将来。常见的有以下几种： 1. 主句谓语中有will, shall, won’t 表示将来时，从句用一般现在时。例句：You will be late for school if you get up late. 如果你起晚了，上学将会迟到。 2.主句中含有can, may, must等情态动词时，从句用一般现在时。例句：If I finish my homework, I can play computer games. 如果我完成了家庭作业，就可以玩游戏。3.主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时。例句：Don’t forget to lock the door if you are the last one to leave. 如果你最后一个离开，别忘了锁门。4.主句的谓语动词是want, hope, wish等词。例句：I hope to visit you if I’m free. 如果我有空，我希望去拜访你。(四)注意事项 1.在if引导的条件状语从句中，当主句是一般将来时态时，一般不使用be going to结构，而要用will。例句：I’ll help you with your English if I am free tomorrow. 如果明天我有空，我会帮你学英语。 2.在if引导的条件状语从句中不能够使用some，而要用any。 例句：If you have any questions to ask, please come to my office. 如果你有问题要问的话，请到我办公室来。 (五)同义句转换 if引导的条件状语从句可以转换成简单句，其方法如下：1.借助＂祈使句+and/or+简单句＂。其中and表示句意顺承，or表示转折。 例句：If you work hard, you’ll pass the exam.=Work hard, and you’ll pass the exam. 如果你努力学习，你就会通过考试。 2.借助介词with 或without来转换。例句： If there is no water, fish may die.=Fish may die without water. 如果没有水，鱼可能会死。(2)情态动词should的用法 情态动词should和can，may，must一样，没有人称和数的变化，有词意，但都不能单独作谓语，必须和后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。基本意思是＂应当，应该＂，常用来表示建议或命令等。例句：You should work hard. 你应该更努力地工作。否定式和疑问式的构成与can ,may 和must一样。例句：You shouldn’t play soccer in the street. 你们不应该在街上踢足球。【注意】常用句型You should /shouldn’t do sth 表示＂建议某人（不）做某事＂。其他表示＂建议＂的句型还有：Why not do sth? /Why don’t you do sth? /How about doing sth? /What about doing sth? /It’s a good idea to do sth /You’d better do sth等。1、should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有＂竟会＂的意思例句：How should I know? 我怎么知道？2、should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例：例句：We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。【注意】我们在使用时要注意以下几点：1. 用于表示＂应该＂或＂不应该＂的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例：例句：You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例句：You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例句：She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。同步练习一、单项选择1．Mike, I need your help. Can you give me some _______ on how to learn physics?A．news B．information C．advice D．exercise【答案】C【解析】句意：Mike，我需要你的帮助。你能就如何学习物理给我一些建议吗？考查名词辨析。news消息；information信息；advice建议；exercise锻炼。根据“on how to learn physics”可知，给一些如何学好物理的建议，故选C。2．We sat around and Henry told us the interesting news in a(n) ________ voice.A．funny B．unfriendly C．angry【答案】A【解析】句意：我们坐在一起，亨利用有趣的声音告诉我们这个有趣的消息。考查形容词辨析。funny有趣的；unfriendly不友好的；angry生气的。根据“Henry told us the interesting news”可知Henry要讲有趣的消息，可推测是用有趣的声音去讲。故选A。3．—Can you tell me ________ or not he will come?—Sure. ________ he comes, I’ll tell you.A．whether; Whether B．if; If C．whether; If【答案】C【解析】句意：——你可以告诉我他是否会来么？——当然。如果他来的话，我就告诉你。考查连词。whether是否；if如果。根据“...or not he...”可知，此处只能用whether，表示“是否”。再根据“I’ll tell you.”可知，此处为条件状语从句，所以应用if，表示“如果”。故选C。4．________ you can’t attend the meeting, I can go instead.A．When B．If C．Unless D．Until【答案】B【解析】句意：如果你不能参加会议，我可以替你去。考查连词辨析。when当……时候；if如果；unless除非；until直到。根据句意可知，“you can’t attend the meeting”是后句“I can go instead”的假设条件，表示“如果你不能去，我可以代替你去”，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。5．You won’t master English _________ you practise it every day.A．if B．if not C．unless D．unless not【答案】C【解析】句意：除非你每天练习，否则你就不能掌握英语。考查连词辨析。if 如果；if not如果不，后面不加句子；unless除非；unless not用法错误。“you practise it every day”是“You won’t master English”的否定条件，因此用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。6．If she ________ to Shanghai tomorrow, I will go with her.A．is going B．goes C．will go D．to go【答案】B【解析】 句意：如果她明天去上海，我将和她一起去。考查动词时态。根据“If she …to Shanghai tomorrow, I will go with her.”可知，本句为If引导的条件状语从句，从句使用一般现在时，主句为一般将来时，从句主语为she，使用动词三单形式。故选B。7．_______ she works hard, she’ll get good grades.A．If B．Because C．Before D．Though【答案】A【解析】句意：如果她努力学习，她会得到好的分数。考查连词辨析。if如果；because因为；before在……之前；though尽管。“she works hard”是“she’ll get good grades”的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。8．We must finish the homework on time. If you _________, Miss Wang _________ unhappy.A．don’t; is B．won’t; is C．don’t; will be D．won’t; will be【答案】C【解析】句意：我们必须按时完成作业。如果你不这样做，王老师会不高兴的。考查主将从现。根据“If you ..., Miss Wang ... unhappy.”可知，该句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；从句主语为“you”，助动词用don’t；一般将来时的结构为will+动词原形，此处动词原形用be，与“happy”构成系表结构。故选C。9．Peter is a clever boy. He teaches ________ physics.A．his B．he C．him D．himself【答案】D【解析】句意：彼得是一个聪明的男孩。他自学物理。考查代词。his他的，是形容词性物主代词；he他，是主格形式；him他，是宾格形式；himself他自己，是反身代词。根据“Peter is a clever boy”可知，因为他是一个聪明的男孩，因此自学物理，teach oneself“自学”，故选D。10．— Mum, can I help you clean the house?— Of course, ________ you would like to.A．because B．but C．or D．if【答案】D【解析】句意：——妈妈，我能帮你打扫房间吗？——当然，如果你愿意的话。考查连词辨析。because因为；but但是；or或者；if如果。根据“Of course...you would like to.”可知如果你愿意的话，可以帮我打扫房间，故选D。二、完形填空Life and study are hard for all of us. And junior middle school students have every reason to say so. Besides, 48.8 percent of middle school students show signs of mental (精神的) health problems. Recently, Zhejiang Province did a survey of ____11____ people’s mental health. It found that junior middle school students in Zhejiang feel the ____12____ stress (压力) from schools among teenagers. What do students ____13____? “ First, the class ranking (排名) after exams. Second, students are afraid that they can’t ____14____ their parents’ expectation,” Youth Times reported. This is not only true with Chinese students. The American Psychological Association recently did a similar survey. The ____15____ are surprising: in the US, teenagers have a higher level of stress than adults. For them, one of the big ____16____ for stress is also schoolwork. What can we do to ____17____? “To begin with, you can live your life ____18____. Sleep for 9-10 hours a day, find someone to exercise with every day, and eat ____19____,” said Norman B．Anderson, executive vice president of the association. “Also, try to keep away from mobile phoned and computers. If you ____20____ too much time on them, you will more likely feel terrible,” said experts.11．A．old B．similar C．young D．foreign12．A．worst B．easiest C．best D．biggest13．A．talk about B．worry about C．learn about D．know about14．A．make B．reach C．improve D．watch15．A．ones B．ways C．results D．plans16．A．reasons B．matters C．ideas D．questions17．A．act out B．bring out C．help out D．blow out18．A．carefully B．actively C．beautifully D．quietly19．A．loudly B．suddenly C．healthily D．hardly20．A．leave B．agree C．turn D．spend【答案】11．C 12．D 13．B 14．B 15．C 16．A 17．C 18．B 19．C 20．D【解析】本文主要讲述了青少年的压力问题以及一些建议。11．句意：最近，浙江省做了一项关于年轻人心理健康的调查。old老的；similar相似的；young年轻的；foreign国外的。根据“It found that junior middle school students”可知是指年轻人，故选C。12．句意：调查发现，在青少年中，浙江初中生感受到的学校压力最大。worst最坏的；easiest最容易的；best最好的；biggest最大的根据“stress (压力) from schools among teenagers.”可知初中生的压力最大，故选D。13．句意：学生们担心什么？talk about谈论；worry about担心；learn about得知关于；know about知道。根据“First, the class ranking (排名) after exams”可知班级排名是他们所担心的，故选B。14．句意：其次，学生们害怕自己达不到父母的期望。”make制作；reach达到；improve提高；watch观看。根据“they can’t...their parents’ expectation”可知是指达不到父母的期望，故选B。15．句意：研究结果令人惊讶：在美国，青少年的压力水平高于成年人。ones一个；ways方式；results结果；plans计划。根据“in the US, teenagers have a higher level of stress than adults.”可知在美国，青少年的压力水平高于成年人，这是调查的结果，故选C。16．句意：对他们来说，压力的一大原因也是课业。reasons理由；matters事情；ideas主意；questions问题。根据“one of the big...for stress is also schoolwork.”可知压力的原因之一是学校功课，故选A。17．句意：我们能做些什么来帮助他们？act out表演；bring out生产；help out帮助；blow out吹灭。根据“To begin with, you can live your life...”以及下文可知这些都是帮助青少年的方法，故选C。18．句意：首先，你可以积极地生活。carefully仔细地；actively积极地；beautifully美丽地；quietly安静地。根据“you can live your life...”结合语境可知应该要积极地生活，故选B。19．句意：每天睡9-10个小时，找个人每天一起锻炼，吃得健康。loudly大声地；suddenly突然地；healthily健康地；hardly几乎不。根据“someone to exercise with every day, and eat...”可知吃得要健康，故选C。20．句意：如果你花太多时间在这些事情上，你更有可能感觉糟糕。leave离开；agree同意；turn转变；spend花费。根据“If you...too much time on them”可知是指花费时间在手机电脑上，故选D。三、阅读单选Anger is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too much homework, when a friend borrow your favorite thing and then breaks it, when your team loses an important game, you may get really angry. Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you breathe (呼吸) faster, your face turns red, and you may want to break something or hit (打) someone, but sometimes you hide your anger. For example, you are really angry, but you may keep it to yourself. The worst thing is to do nothing but keep quiet. The problem is that if you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may get hurt. In fact, it’s normal for you to get angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way. When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people and share your problems with them, such as your parents, a teacher, etc. If you talk about anger, those bad feelings can start to go away. So you are halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it. Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: talk to a good friend; count from 1 to 100; give someone a hug (拥抱); think about good things, etc. Remember that how you act when you are angry can make everything better or worse. It is not a good way to run away from your anger. You should always try to solve it.21．You may not get angry when ________.A．a friend breaks your favorite thing B．your parents don't let you watch TVC．your favorite basketball team wins the game D．There is too much homework on the weekend22．________ shows that you are angry.A．Speaking slowly B．Getting a cold C．Having a red face D．Trying to protect someone23．What does the word “hide” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?A．隐藏 B．爆发 C．展示 D．诉说24．According to the passage, you can do everything when you get angry EXCEPT________.A．talking to others B．counting numbers C．thinking about good things D．saying bad things to people around you25．What is the main purpose of the passage?A．To teach people how to share feelings. B．To show why people get angry.C．To help people understand bad feelings. D．To ask people to solve their anger actively.【答案】21．C 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．D【解析】本文主要介绍了人生气了应该怎么办。21．细节理解题。根据“when your team loses an important game, you may get really angry.”（当你的球队输掉了一场重要的比赛时，你可能会非常生气。）结合常识可知ABCD选项中只有C选项“你最喜欢的篮球队赢得比赛”发生时不会生气，故选C。22．细节理解题。根据“For example, you breathe (呼吸) faster, your face turns red,”可知脸红表明你在生气，故选C。23．词义猜测题。根据“For example, you are really angry, but you may keep it to yourself.”（例如，你很生气，但你可能会憋在心里。）可知此处是指隐藏愤怒，故选A。24．细节理解题。根据“When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people ”、“Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: talk to a good friend; count from 1 to 100; give someone a hug (拥抱); think about good things, etc.”可知ABC选项都是可以做的事情，D选项“对周围的人说坏话”错误，故选D。25．推理判断题。根据“Remember that how you act when you are angry can make everything better or worse. It is not a good way to run away from your anger. You should always try to solve it.”（记住，你生气时的行为会让一切变得更好或更糟。这不是逃避愤怒的好方法。你应该一直努力解决它。）以及全文内容可知本文作者写这篇文章是为了让人们积极解决他们的愤怒。故选D。We’re often in difficult times or meet difficult problems. They are hard to solve and they are common in our life. When we’re in difficult times, just stopping isn’t enough. We need to ask for help. When I’m in difficult times, I never turn to someone for help. In fact, I am lucky enough to have a helpful group. They always support me when I meet some problems. First, I have a good relationship with my parents. They always give me good advice. So when I’m in difficult times, my parents are usually the first ones I turn to. As teenagers, many of us don’t think our parents know us. However, they have gone through more situations（情况）as hard as or maybe even harder than those we are having now. So why not listen to them and learn from their experiences?There are quite a few different situations. But we don’t want to ask our parents for advice. For those, we can turn to our friends. It’s great to get advice and help from a peer（同龄人）. Don’t be shy to ask for help when you’re in difficult times. The help from others can often solve your difficulties!26．It’s clear that __________.A．difficult problems are part of life B．stopping in difficult times is enoughC．solving difficult problems is easy D．nobody can help solve our difficulties27．What does the word “support” in the second paragraph mean in Chinese?A．反馈 B．影响 C．援助 D．变化28．For some difficult situations, parents have more __________ than teenagers.A．money B．experience C．luck D．advice29．What can we learn from the passage?A．You should only listen to your parents. B．People can ask for help at any time.C．Other people’s help must be useful. D．Many teenagers don’t like to ask their parents for help.30．The best title of this passage is __________.A．What to Do in Difficult Times B．What to Do If We Have PeersC．Where to Find Help in Difficult Times D．When to Ask for Help in Difficult Times【答案】26．A 27．C 28．B 29．D 30．A【解析】本文是作者结合自身的经历告诉读者们，遇到了问题要如何处理。26．细节理解题。根据“We’re often in difficult times or meet difficult problems.”可知，困难是生活的一部分，故选A。27．词义猜测题。根据“In fact, I am lucky enough to have a helpful group. They always support me when I meet some problems”可知，在作者遇到困难时，这些人总是支持和援助作者，所以support表示“援助”，故选C。28．细节理解题。根据“However, they have gone through more situations（情况）as hard as or maybe even harder than those we are having now”可知，父母比青少年有更多的经验，故选B。29．细节理解题。根据“As teenagers, many of us don’t think our parents know us”可知，许多青少年不喜欢向父母寻求帮助，故选D。30．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文是作者结合自身的经历告诉读者们，遇到了问题要如何处理，所以A选项“在困难时期该做什么”符合本文标题，故选A。If you go into the forest with friends, stay with them. If you don’t, you may get lost. If you get lost, this is what you should do——sit down and stay where you are. Don't try to find your friends. Let them find you. You can help them find you by staying in one place. There is another way to help your friends or other people find you. You can shout or whistle(吹口哨)three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal(信号) given three times is a call for help.Keep up shouting or whistling. Always three times together. When people hear you, they will give you two shouts or whistles. When a signal is given twice, it is an answer to call for help.If you don’t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house with branches(树枝). Make yourself a bed with leaves(树叶) and grass.When you need some water, you have to leave your little branch house to look for it. Don’t just walk away. Pick off(摘下)small branches and drop(扔) them as you walk in order to go back again easily. When you are lost, the most important thing to do is to stay in one place.31．If you________in the forest, you should shout as loudly as possible.A．find your friends B．stay C．get lost32．Which signal is a call for help?A．Shouting here and thereB．Crying twice.C．Shouting or whistling three times together.33．When you hear two shouts or two whistles, you will know that________?A．someone is afraid of an animal B．people will come to help you C．someone needs help34．What do you have to do when you leave for water?A．Leave branches as you walk in order to go back again easily.B．Pick off branches to build another house.C．Use branches to make a bed.35．The main idea of the passage is________ .A．how to travel in the forest B．what you should do if you want to get some waterC．what you should do if you get lost in the forest【答案】31．C 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．C【解析】如果你和朋友到森林里去，要和他们呆在一起．如果你不，你可能会迷路。如果你迷路啦，就坐下来呆在你现在的地方。不要试着去找你的朋友而是让他们来找你。你可以大叫或吹口哨三次。停一会儿，然后再大叫或吹口哨三次。当人们听到你，他们会知道你不是在吵闹，他们会让你知道，他们已经听到你的信号，他们将大喊两声或吹口哨两次。31．细节理解题。由第一段第三、四句 "If you get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are." 如果你迷路了，这就是你应该做的。坐下，待在原地。及第七、八句 "There is another way to help your friends or other people to find you. You can shout or whistle(吹口哨) three times." 还有另一种方法可以帮助你的朋友或其他人找到你。”。你可以喊或吹三次口哨。 可知，在森林迷路时应该尽量待在原地等待救援，可以适时给出求救信号。故答案为C。32．细节理解题。由第二段前三句 "Keep up shouting or whistling. Always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making a noise for fun." 继续喊或吹口哨。总是在一起三次。当人们听到你的时候，他们会知道你不仅仅是为了好玩而吵闹。可知呼救三次或吹三次口哨是求救信号，后文 "an answer to a call for help" 与之照应。故答案为C。33．细节理解题。由第二段最后一句 "When a signal is given twice, it is an answer to a call for help." 当一个信号被发出两次时，它就是对求助的回应。”可知两声呼喊或两声口哨是他人对呼救的回应。故答案为B。34．细节理解题。根据文中“When you need some water, you have to leave your little branch house to look for it. Don’t just walk away. Pick off(摘下)small branches and drop(扔) them as you walk in order to go back again easily.” 当你需要水的时候，你必须离开你的小树枝屋去寻找它。别仅仅是走开。把小树枝摘下来，边走边放下，以便再轻松地回去可知，故答案为A。35．主旨大意题。文章介绍了在森林迷路时应该如何做，第一段第二句 "If you get lost, this is what you should do." “如果你迷路了，这就是你应该做的。” 及文章最后一句 "When you are lost, the most important thing to do is to stay in one place." “当你迷路时，最重要的是呆在一个地方”为关键句，即在森林里迷路了应该怎么办。故答案为C。四、语法填空It was a dark night when I was coming back from my aunt’s house. I was very unhappy because my mom ___36___ (refuse) to buy me a box of chocolate. It was expensive for my family ___37___ ( buy) chocolate. I suddenly saw a little sister ___38___ ( walk) near me. The moment I looked at the little girl，she passed me with a big smile(微笑). I tried to smile but could not. Her clothes were dirty, and it was clear that she was very poor. The little girl ___39___ ( not wear) shoes. Her feet were in very bad condition (状况) because it was very cold. As a good student, I thought I ___40___( help) her. So I decided ___41___ ( give) her my shoes.The moment I gave her the shoes，she ___42___ ( show) her great enjoyment and I smiled at her with a feeling of happiness. The little girl said to me,“Thank you for your kindness. I ___43___ ( remember) you forever. Would you mind accepting a balloon of mine?”Finally, I accepted the most beautiful gift of my life. Now I am 18 years old and I often ___44___ ( help) others. If you help others, you ___45___ (feel)happy, too.【答案】36．refused 37．to buy 38．walking 39．didn’t wear 40．should/must help 41．to give 42．showed 43．will remember 44．help 45．will feel【解析】试题解析：短文讲述了“我”的一次经历。一天夜晚，“我”为妈妈没给买巧克力而伤心，遇到一位面带微笑的女孩，她很穷，甚至没有穿鞋，脚都冻了。“我”把自己的鞋子送给她，那一刻，她表现出极大的享受，并送给“我”一只气球作为答谢。“我”接受了生命中最美好的礼物。现在，“我”经常帮助别人，因为如果你帮助了别人，你也会感到快乐。36．句意：我很不高兴，因为我妈妈拒绝给我买一盒巧克力。refuse to do拒绝做某事。根据短文的时态是一般现在时，故填refused。37．句意：对于我的家庭来说，买巧克力是很昂贵的。It’s expensive for sb. to do sth.做某事对于某人来说太……了，是it的特殊句式，后面的不定式是真正主语，而it只是形式主语。根据句意，可知填to buy。38．句意：我突然看见一个小妹妹在我身边走着。see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事，see后接现在分词形式。根据句意，可知填walking。39．句意：小女孩没有穿鞋。根据句意（否定），结合短文的时态是一般现在时，故填didn’t wear。40．句意：作为一个好学生，我想我应该帮助她。should应该〔不问人称，表示义务，责任〕，情态动词，后接原形动词。根据句意，可知填should/must help。41．句意：所以我决定给她我的鞋子。decide to do sth.决定做某事。decide后接不定式。根据句意，可知填to give。42．句意：我给她鞋子的那一刻，她表现出极大的享受。根据句意，结合短文的时态是一般现在时，故填showed。43．句意：谢谢您的好意。我会永远记得你。根据句意，可知女孩在表达谢意，需用将来时态，故填will remember。44．句意：现在我18岁了，我经常帮助别人。根据句意和语境，可知用一般现在时，故填help。45．句意：如果你帮助别人，你也会感到快乐。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用将来时态时从句用一般现在时，故填will feel。五、多句选词填空词汇运用用所给词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。46．More and more young people ________ to do something to serve the old these days.47．The work is easy，so Joe ________ to do it himself.48．Our family ________ to New York last summer vacation.49．If he ________ free tomorrow，he will come to your birthday party.50．What ________ if there is no water or air on the earth？【答案】46．are trying 47．decides 48．traveled 49．is 50．will happen【解析】46．句意：目前越来越多的年轻人尽力做一些事为老人服务。try to do sth.表示尽力做某事。此处用现在进行时，表示现阶段正在进行的动作，虽然此时此刻不一定正在进行。故填are trying。47．句意：这项工作很简单，因此Joe决定自己做。decide to do sth. 表示决定做某事，主语是Joe，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填decides。48．句意：去年暑假，我的家人去了纽约旅行。travel“旅行”，不及物动词，常用travel to sp. 根据last summer vacation可知是一般过去时。故填traveled。49．句意：如果明天他有空，他就回来参加我的生日派对。If引导的条件状语从句，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时。从句缺系动词，并且用第三人称单数形式。故填is。50．句意：如果地球上没有水和空气会发生什么？if引导的条件状语从句，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时。主句用will happen。故填will happen。六、材料作文51．随着社会科技的不断发展，我们的生活也时刻发生着变化。若干年后，我们的生活将会是什么样子？请你以“My Life in the Future”为题，写一篇短文，向大家介绍一下你的未来生活。内容包括：1.你的梦想职业和将来居住的地方；2.你要如何实现你的梦想（至少两种方式）；3.谈谈20年后你生活上的变化（至少两种变化）；4.希望所有同学都能梦想成真。要求：1.不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校真实的名称和学生的真实姓名。2.语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。My Life in the FutureToday I want to talk about my future life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文：My Life in the FutureToday I want to talk about my future life. In the future, I think I am going to be a reporter. Also, I will live in Shanghai because it’s the biggest city in China and there will be more chances for me. How can I make my dream come true? First, I am going to study Chinese and history really hard. Next, I will plan to watch news on TV every day. In this way, I can learn how to be a reporter from it. In my opinion, life in 20 years will be very different from it is now. I’m sure it will be more colorful. There will be at least one robot in each family and they will be able to help humans do most of the work. People can go to space by spaceship on vacation. There will be world peace and people won’t use paper money anymore.All in all, I hope our life will be better and better in 20 years. I think our dream will come true.【解析】[总体解析]①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；②时态：时态为“一般将来时”；③提示：写作时注意一定要紧紧围绕“未来的生活”这一主题展开叙述。内容要包括谈论自己梦想的工作，将来居住的地方，如何实现梦想，20年后生活上的变化并祝福所有的同学都能梦想成真。总之题目要求的内容一定都写到。内容要积极向上，条理要清晰。[写作步骤]第一步，开门见山，引出话题“未来的生活”，然后根据要求展开，分述自己的梦想工作，生活地点和怎样实现梦想，注意实现梦想的途径至少两点，要具体；第二步，阐述20年后生活的变化，注意不是自己生活的变化，而是人类生活的变化，至少两点，并符合科技发展的趋势；第三步，总结全文，表达感受，感情升华，祝福所有同学的梦想都能实现。[亮点词汇]①in the future 在将来②come true 实现③plan to do sth. 计划做某事④all in all 总而言之[高分句型]①Also, I will live in Shanghai because it’s the biggest city in China and there will be more chances for me.（will be结构的一般将来时；and连接表等同关系的并列句；because引导原因状语从句；there be句型的一般将来时）②In this way, I can learn how to be a reporter from it.（疑问词+动词不定式）③All in all, I hope our life will be better and better in 20 years.（省略that的宾语从句） 反身代词的用法歌诀反身代词表自身，句中可作两成分。表示强调同位语，宾语动作回自身。(反身代词有两种功能，一是表示强调，用作同位语；二是表示反身功能，在句中作宾语和表语。)后缀-less表示否定意义，＂没有，无＂。hope—hopeless(没希望的) use—useless(无用的) home—homeless(无家的)He feels that his life is a hopeless mess. 他觉得他生活得很狼狈不堪。We should try our best to help these homeless people.我们应该尽最大努力帮助这些无家可归的人。try travel be happen decide
Unit10 If you go to the party you’ll have a great time!知识点讲解一、If you do, the teachers won’t let you in.do, does, did等助动词可用来代替上文提到的动词，以避免重复例句：I don’t want to go shopping, but she does. 我不想去购物，但是她想去。二、If you ask people to bring food, they’ll just bring potato clips and chocolate because they’ll be too lazy to cook. 如果你让大家带食物来，他们只会带炸薯条和巧克力，因为他们太懒了。1、ask sb. to do sth.意为＂要求某人做某事＂，其否定形式是＂ask sb. not to do sth.＂要求某人不要做某事。例句：I ask him to go to the movies. 我让他去电影院。（2）too + adj./adv. + to do sth. 意为＂太……而不能做某事＂，表否定意义。【注意】too … to … 有时可与not ... enough to...进行同义转换。例句：The math problem is too difficult for me to work out. 这道数学题太难，我解不出来。例句：The boy is too young to join the army. = The boy is not old enough to join the army. 这个男孩太小了还不能参军。三、If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time. 如果你参加聚会，你将会玩得很开心。1、本句是含有条件状语从句的复合句。if引导的条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来，而主句用一般将来时(即主将从现)。此结构也可转化为：祈使句＋and/or＋一般将来时。例句：If you study hard, you will pass the exam. ＝Work hard, and you will pass the exam. 如果你努力学习，你就能通过考试2、have a great time意为＂过得愉快，玩得开心＂，相当于enjoy oneself。其中great还可以用good或wonderful来代替。例句：We had a great/good/nice time in the park.＝We had fun in the park. ＝We enjoyed ourselves in the park.我们在公园里玩得很开心。四、Can you give me some advice please? 请问你能给我一些建议吗？advice 劝告，忠告，不可数名词[(+on/to/about)]例句：Your English is pretty good. Can you give some advice to me?你英语很好。你能给我些建议吗？【拓展】advice作＂建议＂讲时，是不可数名词，而suggestion是可数名词。如果想表示＂一条建议＂则用a piece of advice。【advice的常用短语】give sb. some advice 给某人一些建议give advice on sth. 在某方面给出建议take/follow sb.’s advice 听从某人的建议ask sb. for advice 向某人征求意见例句：My teacher always give me some good advice when I am in trouble.当我遇到困难时，老师总会给我一些好的建议。【知识拓展】advise vt. 劝告advise sb how to do sth 建议某人如何做某事advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事五、half n. & det. & pron. & adv. 半，一半1、half作名词，复数形式是halves。例句：Cut the apple into halves. 把苹果切成两半。2、half表示某物的一半half an hour 半小时 half a kilo 半公斤 half the students 一半学生3、half of后跟名词时，名词前应有the，my等限定词修饰，of也可省略。例句：Half (of) the students in that school are from the countryside. 那个学校一半的学生来自农村。4、half of后也可接代词，但of不能省。例句：Half of them enjoyed the party last night. 他们中有一半人在昨晚的派对上玩得很开心。5、half用于表示＂几个半＂时的用法。 one and a half hours或one hour and a half 一个半小时 two and a half hours或two hours and a half 两个半小时六、 If people have problems, they should keep them to themselves.如果人们有麻烦，他们应该把这些烦恼留给自己。1、keep后接名词或代词作宾语，句中themselves是反身代词用作介词to的宾语。例句：Women often keep their ages to themselves. 妇女往往对她们的年龄保密。2、keep them to themselves: 把问题(烦恼)埋在心底，不向他人倾诉例句： You can keep the toy if you like要是你喜欢那个玩具的话，可以把它留下。【巧学妙记】3、keep secrets for sb.意为＂为某人保密＂。例句：Thank you for keeping secrets for me. 感谢你为我保守秘密。【keep用法小结】1、keep＋adj. 保持……2、keep＋sb./sth.＋adj. 使某人/某物保持……3、 keep＋doing sth. 一直不断地做某事4、keep...from doing sth.＝stop...from doing sth. 阻止……做某事七、Unless we talk to someone, we’ll certainly feel worse. 如果我们不找个人说说，我们当然会更难过。1、unless：＂除非；如果不＂，引导条件状语从句例句：You will miss the bus unless you hurry up. 你要不快点就错过班车了。2、unless有时可以与if ... not结构相互转换例句：We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow unless it rains. =If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will visit the Great Wall.除非明天下雨，否则我们就去参观长城。八、If I tell my parents, they’ll be angry! 如果我告诉我的父母，他们会生气。1、be angry with sb. ＂生某人的气＂；2、be angry at (about) sth. ＂对某事生气＂例句：The teacher was angry with me because I was late.我迟到了所以老师对我很生气。九、 In English, we say that sharing a problem is like cutting it in half.英语中，我们说与人分担一个烦恼就像是把它麻烦分成两半。1、share: 动词, 意思是＂分享；分担；共同负担＂。【常见用法】share a room with someone与某人同住一个房间share a book 合看一本书share a taxi 同坐一辆出租车share sth with sb. 与某人共享某物2、cut... in half : “把……切成两半；把……一切为二” cut: “(用剪刀)剪；(用刀)切” in half / halves: 是一种固定的结构，此处的介词in表示状态 例句：Please cut the orange in half.请把橙子一切两半。十、So you’re halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it!因此，你只要跟人聊聊这个问题，你就解决了问题的一半。1、be halfway to …完成了或做了事情的一部分(to是介词)例句：We’re still only halfway to finishing the homework.我们才仅仅完成了一部分作业。2、by 在此表示方式， ＂通过(……办法，方式)＂ by doing sth. 通过做某事例句：We can learn English by watching English movies. 我们可以通过英语电影来学英语。十一、have problems with 在某方面有问题/困难表示＂做某事有困难＂有以下几种常用结构：have problems (in) doing sth.＝have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.例句：We have problems/difficulty/trouble (in)getting to the top of the mountain.我们要爬到山顶很困难。十二、 Some people believe the worst thing is to do nothing. 有些人认为最糟糕的事情就是什么事情也不做。to do nothing为动词不定式短语作表语。动词不定式短语可以放在连系动词后面作表语，表达按计划，安排等要发生的事情。 例句：My dream is to be a scientist. 我的梦想是当一名科学家。十三、careless adj. 粗心的；不小心的careless在句中作定语或表语，反义词为 careful，副词形式为carelessly。例句：Don’t be careless when you ride your bike. 当你骑自行车时，不要粗心大意。【归纳拓展】十四、if 引导的条件状语从句条件状语从句是在复合句中作条件状语的句子。表示假如有从句的动作发生就会有主句的动作发生。条件状语从句常由连词if引导。(一)连接词if if如果，是引导条件状语从句的连接词，表示主句中动作发生的条件。 例句：If you get up early, you will catch the bus. 如果你早起的话，就能赶上那班公共汽车。 (二)if引导的条件状语从句的构成 构成方式为＂主句+if引导的条件状语从句＂或＂if引导的条件状语从句+主句＂。在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，如果主句在前，从句在后，主从句之间不用标点；如要强调从句的内容，则把从句放在主句的前面，这时主从句之间要用逗号隔开。例句：I will go to his birthday party if he invites me.=If he invites me, I will go to his birthday party. 如果他邀请我，我会去参加他的生日聚会。(三)if引导的条件状语从句的时态 在一般情况下，如果主句表示将来的意义，从句用一般现在时表将来。常见的有以下几种： 1. 主句谓语中有will, shall, won’t 表示将来时，从句用一般现在时。例句：You will be late for school if you get up late. 如果你起晚了，上学将会迟到。 2.主句中含有can, may, must等情态动词时，从句用一般现在时。例句：If I finish my homework, I can play computer games. 如果我完成了家庭作业，就可以玩游戏。3.主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时。例句：Don’t forget to lock the door if you are the last one to leave. 如果你最后一个离开，别忘了锁门。4.主句的谓语动词是want, hope, wish等词。例句：I hope to visit you if I’m free. 如果我有空，我希望去拜访你。(四)注意事项 1.在if引导的条件状语从句中，当主句是一般将来时态时，一般不使用be going to结构，而要用will。例句：I’ll help you with your English if I am free tomorrow. 如果明天我有空，我会帮你学英语。 2.在if引导的条件状语从句中不能够使用some，而要用any。 例句：If you have any questions to ask, please come to my office. 如果你有问题要问的话，请到我办公室来。 (五)同义句转换 if引导的条件状语从句可以转换成简单句，其方法如下：1.借助＂祈使句+and/or+简单句＂。其中and表示句意顺承，or表示转折。 例句：If you work hard, you’ll pass the exam.=Work hard, and you’ll pass the exam. 如果你努力学习，你就会通过考试。 2.借助介词with 或without来转换。例句： If there is no water, fish may die.=Fish may die without water. 如果没有水，鱼可能会死。(2)情态动词should的用法 情态动词should和can，may，must一样，没有人称和数的变化，有词意，但都不能单独作谓语，必须和后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。基本意思是＂应当，应该＂，常用来表示建议或命令等。例句：You should work hard. 你应该更努力地工作。否定式和疑问式的构成与can ,may 和must一样。例句：You shouldn’t play soccer in the street. 你们不应该在街上踢足球。【注意】常用句型You should /shouldn’t do sth 表示＂建议某人（不）做某事＂。其他表示＂建议＂的句型还有：Why not do sth? /Why don’t you do sth? /How about doing sth? /What about doing sth? /It’s a good idea to do sth /You’d better do sth等。1、should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有＂竟会＂的意思例句：How should I know? 我怎么知道？2、should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例：例句：We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。【注意】我们在使用时要注意以下几点：1. 用于表示＂应该＂或＂不应该＂的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例：例句：You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例句：You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例句：She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。同步练习一、单项选择1．Mike, I need your help. Can you give me some _______ on how to learn physics?A．news B．information C．advice D．exercise【答案】C【解析】句意：Mike，我需要你的帮助。你能就如何学习物理给我一些建议吗？考查名词辨析。news消息；information信息；advice建议；exercise锻炼。根据“on how to learn physics”可知，给一些如何学好物理的建议，故选C。2．We sat around and Henry told us the interesting news in a(n) ________ voice.A．funny B．unfriendly C．angry【答案】A【解析】句意：我们坐在一起，亨利用有趣的声音告诉我们这个有趣的消息。考查形容词辨析。funny有趣的；unfriendly不友好的；angry生气的。根据“Henry told us the interesting news”可知Henry要讲有趣的消息，可推测是用有趣的声音去讲。故选A。3．—Can you tell me ________ or not he will come?—Sure. ________ he comes, I’ll tell you.A．whether; Whether B．if; If C．whether; If【答案】C【解析】句意：——你可以告诉我他是否会来么？——当然。如果他来的话，我就告诉你。考查连词。whether是否；if如果。根据“...or not he...”可知，此处只能用whether，表示“是否”。再根据“I’ll tell you.”可知，此处为条件状语从句，所以应用if，表示“如果”。故选C。4．________ you can’t attend the meeting, I can go instead.A．When B．If C．Unless D．Until【答案】B【解析】句意：如果你不能参加会议，我可以替你去。考查连词辨析。when当……时候；if如果；unless除非；until直到。根据句意可知，“you can’t attend the meeting”是后句“I can go instead”的假设条件，表示“如果你不能去，我可以代替你去”，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。5．You won’t master English _________ you practise it every day.A．if B．if not C．unless D．unless not【答案】C【解析】句意：除非你每天练习，否则你就不能掌握英语。考查连词辨析。if 如果；if not如果不，后面不加句子；unless除非；unless not用法错误。“you practise it every day”是“You won’t master English”的否定条件，因此用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。6．If she ________ to Shanghai tomorrow, I will go with her.A．is going B．goes C．will go D．to go【答案】B【解析】 句意：如果她明天去上海，我将和她一起去。考查动词时态。根据“If she …to Shanghai tomorrow, I will go with her.”可知，本句为If引导的条件状语从句，从句使用一般现在时，主句为一般将来时，从句主语为she，使用动词三单形式。故选B。7．_______ she works hard, she’ll get good grades.A．If B．Because C．Before D．Though【答案】A【解析】句意：如果她努力学习，她会得到好的分数。考查连词辨析。if如果；because因为；before在……之前；though尽管。“she works hard”是“she’ll get good grades”的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。8．We must finish the homework on time. If you _________, Miss Wang _________ unhappy.A．don’t; is B．won’t; is C．don’t; will be D．won’t; will be【答案】C【解析】句意：我们必须按时完成作业。如果你不这样做，王老师会不高兴的。考查主将从现。根据“If you ..., Miss Wang ... unhappy.”可知，该句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；从句主语为“you”，助动词用don’t；一般将来时的结构为will+动词原形，此处动词原形用be，与“happy”构成系表结构。故选C。9．Peter is a clever boy. He teaches ________ physics.A．his B．he C．him D．himself【答案】D【解析】句意：彼得是一个聪明的男孩。他自学物理。考查代词。his他的，是形容词性物主代词；he他，是主格形式；him他，是宾格形式；himself他自己，是反身代词。根据“Peter is a clever boy”可知，因为他是一个聪明的男孩，因此自学物理，teach oneself“自学”，故选D。10．— Mum, can I help you clean the house?— Of course, ________ you would like to.A．because B．but C．or D．if【答案】D【解析】句意：——妈妈，我能帮你打扫房间吗？——当然，如果你愿意的话。考查连词辨析。because因为；but但是；or或者；if如果。根据“Of course...you would like to.”可知如果你愿意的话，可以帮我打扫房间，故选D。二、完形填空Life and study are hard for all of us. And junior middle school students have every reason to say so. Besides, 48.8 percent of middle school students show signs of mental (精神的) health problems. Recently, Zhejiang Province did a survey of ____11____ people’s mental health. It found that junior middle school students in Zhejiang feel the ____12____ stress (压力) from schools among teenagers. What do students ____13____? “ First, the class ranking (排名) after exams. Second, students are afraid that they can’t ____14____ their parents’ expectation,” Youth Times reported. This is not only true with Chinese students. The American Psychological Association recently did a similar survey. The ____15____ are surprising: in the US, teenagers have a higher level of stress than adults. For them, one of the big ____16____ for stress is also schoolwork. What can we do to ____17____? “To begin with, you can live your life ____18____. Sleep for 9-10 hours a day, find someone to exercise with every day, and eat ____19____,” said Norman B．Anderson, executive vice president of the association. “Also, try to keep away from mobile phoned and computers. If you ____20____ too much time on them, you will more likely feel terrible,” said experts.11．A．old B．similar C．young D．foreign12．A．worst B．easiest C．best D．biggest13．A．talk about B．worry about C．learn about D．know about14．A．make B．reach C．improve D．watch15．A．ones B．ways C．results D．plans16．A．reasons B．matters C．ideas D．questions17．A．act out B．bring out C．help out D．blow out18．A．carefully B．actively C．beautifully D．quietly19．A．loudly B．suddenly C．healthily D．hardly20．A．leave B．agree C．turn D．spend【答案】11．C 12．D 13．B 14．B 15．C 16．A 17．C 18．B 19．C 20．D【解析】本文主要讲述了青少年的压力问题以及一些建议。11．句意：最近，浙江省做了一项关于年轻人心理健康的调查。old老的；similar相似的；young年轻的；foreign国外的。根据“It found that junior middle school students”可知是指年轻人，故选C。12．句意：调查发现，在青少年中，浙江初中生感受到的学校压力最大。worst最坏的；easiest最容易的；best最好的；biggest最大的根据“stress (压力) from schools among teenagers.”可知初中生的压力最大，故选D。13．句意：学生们担心什么？talk about谈论；worry about担心；learn about得知关于；know about知道。根据“First, the class ranking (排名) after exams”可知班级排名是他们所担心的，故选B。14．句意：其次，学生们害怕自己达不到父母的期望。”make制作；reach达到；improve提高；watch观看。根据“they can’t...their parents’ expectation”可知是指达不到父母的期望，故选B。15．句意：研究结果令人惊讶：在美国，青少年的压力水平高于成年人。ones一个；ways方式；results结果；plans计划。根据“in the US, teenagers have a higher level of stress than adults.”可知在美国，青少年的压力水平高于成年人，这是调查的结果，故选C。16．句意：对他们来说，压力的一大原因也是课业。reasons理由；matters事情；ideas主意；questions问题。根据“one of the big...for stress is also schoolwork.”可知压力的原因之一是学校功课，故选A。17．句意：我们能做些什么来帮助他们？act out表演；bring out生产；help out帮助；blow out吹灭。根据“To begin with, you can live your life...”以及下文可知这些都是帮助青少年的方法，故选C。18．句意：首先，你可以积极地生活。carefully仔细地；actively积极地；beautifully美丽地；quietly安静地。根据“you can live your life...”结合语境可知应该要积极地生活，故选B。19．句意：每天睡9-10个小时，找个人每天一起锻炼，吃得健康。loudly大声地；suddenly突然地；healthily健康地；hardly几乎不。根据“someone to exercise with every day, and eat...”可知吃得要健康，故选C。20．句意：如果你花太多时间在这些事情上，你更有可能感觉糟糕。leave离开；agree同意；turn转变；spend花费。根据“If you...too much time on them”可知是指花费时间在手机电脑上，故选D。三、阅读单选Anger is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too much homework, when a friend borrow your favorite thing and then breaks it, when your team loses an important game, you may get really angry. Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you breathe (呼吸) faster, your face turns red, and you may want to break something or hit (打) someone, but sometimes you hide your anger. For example, you are really angry, but you may keep it to yourself. The worst thing is to do nothing but keep quiet. The problem is that if you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may get hurt. In fact, it’s normal for you to get angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way. When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people and share your problems with them, such as your parents, a teacher, etc. If you talk about anger, those bad feelings can start to go away. So you are halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it. Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: talk to a good friend; count from 1 to 100; give someone a hug (拥抱); think about good things, etc. Remember that how you act when you are angry can make everything better or worse. It is not a good way to run away from your anger. You should always try to solve it.21．You may not get angry when ________.A．a friend breaks your favorite thing B．your parents don't let you watch TVC．your favorite basketball team wins the game D．There is too much homework on the weekend22．________ shows that you are angry.A．Speaking slowly B．Getting a cold C．Having a red face D．Trying to protect someone23．What does the word “hide” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?A．隐藏 B．爆发 C．展示 D．诉说24．According to the passage, you can do everything when you get angry EXCEPT________.A．talking to others B．counting numbers C．thinking about good things D．saying bad things to people around you25．What is the main purpose of the passage?A．To teach people how to share feelings. B．To show why people get angry.C．To help people understand bad feelings. D．To ask people to solve their anger actively.【答案】21．C 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．D【解析】本文主要介绍了人生气了应该怎么办。21．细节理解题。根据“when your team loses an important game, you may get really angry.”（当你的球队输掉了一场重要的比赛时，你可能会非常生气。）结合常识可知ABCD选项中只有C选项“你最喜欢的篮球队赢得比赛”发生时不会生气，故选C。22．细节理解题。根据“For example, you breathe (呼吸) faster, your face turns red,”可知脸红表明你在生气，故选C。23．词义猜测题。根据“For example, you are really angry, but you may keep it to yourself.”（例如，你很生气，但你可能会憋在心里。）可知此处是指隐藏愤怒，故选A。24．细节理解题。根据“When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people ”、“Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: talk to a good friend; count from 1 to 100; give someone a hug (拥抱); think about good things, etc.”可知ABC选项都是可以做的事情，D选项“对周围的人说坏话”错误，故选D。25．推理判断题。根据“Remember that how you act when you are angry can make everything better or worse. It is not a good way to run away from your anger. You should always try to solve it.”（记住，你生气时的行为会让一切变得更好或更糟。这不是逃避愤怒的好方法。你应该一直努力解决它。）以及全文内容可知本文作者写这篇文章是为了让人们积极解决他们的愤怒。故选D。We’re often in difficult times or meet difficult problems. They are hard to solve and they are common in our life. When we’re in difficult times, just stopping isn’t enough. We need to ask for help. When I’m in difficult times, I never turn to someone for help. In fact, I am lucky enough to have a helpful group. They always support me when I meet some problems. First, I have a good relationship with my parents. They always give me good advice. So when I’m in difficult times, my parents are usually the first ones I turn to. As teenagers, many of us don’t think our parents know us. However, they have gone through more situations（情况）as hard as or maybe even harder than those we are having now. So why not listen to them and learn from their experiences?There are quite a few different situations. But we don’t want to ask our parents for advice. For those, we can turn to our friends. It’s great to get advice and help from a peer（同龄人）. Don’t be shy to ask for help when you’re in difficult times. The help from others can often solve your difficulties!26．It’s clear that __________.A．difficult problems are part of life B．stopping in difficult times is enoughC．solving difficult problems is easy D．nobody can help solve our difficulties27．What does the word “support” in the second paragraph mean in Chinese?A．反馈 B．影响 C．援助 D．变化28．For some difficult situations, parents have more __________ than teenagers.A．money B．experience C．luck D．advice29．What can we learn from the passage?A．You should only listen to your parents. B．People can ask for help at any time.C．Other people’s help must be useful. D．Many teenagers don’t like to ask their parents for help.30．The best title of this passage is __________.A．What to Do in Difficult Times B．What to Do If We Have PeersC．Where to Find Help in Difficult Times D．When to Ask for Help in Difficult Times【答案】26．A 27．C 28．B 29．D 30．A【解析】本文是作者结合自身的经历告诉读者们，遇到了问题要如何处理。26．细节理解题。根据“We’re often in difficult times or meet difficult problems.”可知，困难是生活的一部分，故选A。27．词义猜测题。根据“In fact, I am lucky enough to have a helpful group. They always support me when I meet some problems”可知，在作者遇到困难时，这些人总是支持和援助作者，所以support表示“援助”，故选C。28．细节理解题。根据“However, they have gone through more situations（情况）as hard as or maybe even harder than those we are having now”可知，父母比青少年有更多的经验，故选B。29．细节理解题。根据“As teenagers, many of us don’t think our parents know us”可知，许多青少年不喜欢向父母寻求帮助，故选D。30．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文是作者结合自身的经历告诉读者们，遇到了问题要如何处理，所以A选项“在困难时期该做什么”符合本文标题，故选A。If you go into the forest with friends, stay with them. If you don’t, you may get lost. If you get lost, this is what you should do——sit down and stay where you are. Don't try to find your friends. Let them find you. You can help them find you by staying in one place. There is another way to help your friends or other people find you. You can shout or whistle(吹口哨)three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal(信号) given three times is a call for help.Keep up shouting or whistling. Always three times together. When people hear you, they will give you two shouts or whistles. When a signal is given twice, it is an answer to call for help.If you don’t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house with branches(树枝). Make yourself a bed with leaves(树叶) and grass.When you need some water, you have to leave your little branch house to look for it. Don’t just walk away. Pick off(摘下)small branches and drop(扔) them as you walk in order to go back again easily. When you are lost, the most important thing to do is to stay in one place.31．If you________in the forest, you should shout as loudly as possible.A．find your friends B．stay C．get lost32．Which signal is a call for help?A．Shouting here and thereB．Crying twice.C．Shouting or whistling three times together.33．When you hear two shouts or two whistles, you will know that________?A．someone is afraid of an animal B．people will come to help you C．someone needs help34．What do you have to do when you leave for water?A．Leave branches as you walk in order to go back again easily.B．Pick off branches to build another house.C．Use branches to make a bed.35．The main idea of the passage is________ .A．how to travel in the forest B．what you should do if you want to get some waterC．what you should do if you get lost in the forest【答案】31．C 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．C【解析】如果你和朋友到森林里去，要和他们呆在一起．如果你不，你可能会迷路。如果你迷路啦，就坐下来呆在你现在的地方。不要试着去找你的朋友而是让他们来找你。你可以大叫或吹口哨三次。停一会儿，然后再大叫或吹口哨三次。当人们听到你，他们会知道你不是在吵闹，他们会让你知道，他们已经听到你的信号，他们将大喊两声或吹口哨两次。31．细节理解题。由第一段第三、四句 "If you get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are." 如果你迷路了，这就是你应该做的。坐下，待在原地。及第七、八句 "There is another way to help your friends or other people to find you. You can shout or whistle(吹口哨) three times." 还有另一种方法可以帮助你的朋友或其他人找到你。”。你可以喊或吹三次口哨。 可知，在森林迷路时应该尽量待在原地等待救援，可以适时给出求救信号。故答案为C。32．细节理解题。由第二段前三句 "Keep up shouting or whistling. Always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making a noise for fun." 继续喊或吹口哨。总是在一起三次。当人们听到你的时候，他们会知道你不仅仅是为了好玩而吵闹。可知呼救三次或吹三次口哨是求救信号，后文 "an answer to a call for help" 与之照应。故答案为C。33．细节理解题。由第二段最后一句 "When a signal is given twice, it is an answer to a call for help." 当一个信号被发出两次时，它就是对求助的回应。”可知两声呼喊或两声口哨是他人对呼救的回应。故答案为B。34．细节理解题。根据文中“When you need some water, you have to leave your little branch house to look for it. Don’t just walk away. Pick off(摘下)small branches and drop(扔) them as you walk in order to go back again easily.” 当你需要水的时候，你必须离开你的小树枝屋去寻找它。别仅仅是走开。把小树枝摘下来，边走边放下，以便再轻松地回去可知，故答案为A。35．主旨大意题。文章介绍了在森林迷路时应该如何做，第一段第二句 "If you get lost, this is what you should do." “如果你迷路了，这就是你应该做的。” 及文章最后一句 "When you are lost, the most important thing to do is to stay in one place." “当你迷路时，最重要的是呆在一个地方”为关键句，即在森林里迷路了应该怎么办。故答案为C。四、语法填空It was a dark night when I was coming back from my aunt’s house. I was very unhappy because my mom ___36___ (refuse) to buy me a box of chocolate. It was expensive for my family ___37___ ( buy) chocolate. I suddenly saw a little sister ___38___ ( walk) near me. The moment I looked at the little girl，she passed me with a big smile(微笑). I tried to smile but could not. Her clothes were dirty, and it was clear that she was very poor. The little girl ___39___ ( not wear) shoes. Her feet were in very bad condition (状况) because it was very cold. As a good student, I thought I ___40___( help) her. So I decided ___41___ ( give) her my shoes.The moment I gave her the shoes，she ___42___ ( show) her great enjoyment and I smiled at her with a feeling of happiness. The little girl said to me,“Thank you for your kindness. I ___43___ ( remember) you forever. Would you mind accepting a balloon of mine?”Finally, I accepted the most beautiful gift of my life. Now I am 18 years old and I often ___44___ ( help) others. If you help others, you ___45___ (feel)happy, too.【答案】36．refused 37．to buy 38．walking 39．didn’t wear 40．should/must help 41．to give 42．showed 43．will remember 44．help 45．will feel【解析】试题解析：短文讲述了“我”的一次经历。一天夜晚，“我”为妈妈没给买巧克力而伤心，遇到一位面带微笑的女孩，她很穷，甚至没有穿鞋，脚都冻了。“我”把自己的鞋子送给她，那一刻，她表现出极大的享受，并送给“我”一只气球作为答谢。“我”接受了生命中最美好的礼物。现在，“我”经常帮助别人，因为如果你帮助了别人，你也会感到快乐。36．句意：我很不高兴，因为我妈妈拒绝给我买一盒巧克力。refuse to do拒绝做某事。根据短文的时态是一般现在时，故填refused。37．句意：对于我的家庭来说，买巧克力是很昂贵的。It’s expensive for sb. to do sth.做某事对于某人来说太……了，是it的特殊句式，后面的不定式是真正主语，而it只是形式主语。根据句意，可知填to buy。38．句意：我突然看见一个小妹妹在我身边走着。see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事，see后接现在分词形式。根据句意，可知填walking。39．句意：小女孩没有穿鞋。根据句意（否定），结合短文的时态是一般现在时，故填didn’t wear。40．句意：作为一个好学生，我想我应该帮助她。should应该〔不问人称，表示义务，责任〕，情态动词，后接原形动词。根据句意，可知填should/must help。41．句意：所以我决定给她我的鞋子。decide to do sth.决定做某事。decide后接不定式。根据句意，可知填to give。42．句意：我给她鞋子的那一刻，她表现出极大的享受。根据句意，结合短文的时态是一般现在时，故填showed。43．句意：谢谢您的好意。我会永远记得你。根据句意，可知女孩在表达谢意，需用将来时态，故填will remember。44．句意：现在我18岁了，我经常帮助别人。根据句意和语境，可知用一般现在时，故填help。45．句意：如果你帮助别人，你也会感到快乐。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用将来时态时从句用一般现在时，故填will feel。五、多句选词填空词汇运用用所给词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。46．More and more young people ________ to do something to serve the old these days.47．The work is easy，so Joe ________ to do it himself.48．Our family ________ to New York last summer vacation.49．If he ________ free tomorrow，he will come to your birthday party.50．What ________ if there is no water or air on the earth？【答案】46．are trying 47．decides 48．traveled 49．is 50．will happen【解析】46．句意：目前越来越多的年轻人尽力做一些事为老人服务。try to do sth.表示尽力做某事。此处用现在进行时，表示现阶段正在进行的动作，虽然此时此刻不一定正在进行。故填are trying。47．句意：这项工作很简单，因此Joe决定自己做。decide to do sth. 表示决定做某事，主语是Joe，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填decides。48．句意：去年暑假，我的家人去了纽约旅行。travel“旅行”，不及物动词，常用travel to sp. 根据last summer vacation可知是一般过去时。故填traveled。49．句意：如果明天他有空，他就回来参加我的生日派对。If引导的条件状语从句，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时。从句缺系动词，并且用第三人称单数形式。故填is。50．句意：如果地球上没有水和空气会发生什么？if引导的条件状语从句，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时。主句用will happen。故填will happen。六、材料作文51．随着社会科技的不断发展，我们的生活也时刻发生着变化。若干年后，我们的生活将会是什么样子？请你以“My Life in the Future”为题，写一篇短文，向大家介绍一下你的未来生活。内容包括：1.你的梦想职业和将来居住的地方；2.你要如何实现你的梦想（至少两种方式）；3.谈谈20年后你生活上的变化（至少两种变化）；4.希望所有同学都能梦想成真。要求：1.不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校真实的名称和学生的真实姓名。2.语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。My Life in the FutureToday I want to talk about my future life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文：My Life in the FutureToday I want to talk about my future life. In the future, I think I am going to be a reporter. Also, I will live in Shanghai because it’s the biggest city in China and there will be more chances for me. How can I make my dream come true? First, I am going to study Chinese and history really hard. Next, I will plan to watch news on TV every day. In this way, I can learn how to be a reporter from it. In my opinion, life in 20 years will be very different from it is now. I’m sure it will be more colorful. There will be at least one robot in each family and they will be able to help humans do most of the work. People can go to space by spaceship on vacation. There will be world peace and people won’t use paper money anymore.All in all, I hope our life will be better and better in 20 years. I think our dream will come true.【解析】[总体解析]①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；②时态：时态为“一般将来时”；③提示：写作时注意一定要紧紧围绕“未来的生活”这一主题展开叙述。内容要包括谈论自己梦想的工作，将来居住的地方，如何实现梦想，20年后生活上的变化并祝福所有的同学都能梦想成真。总之题目要求的内容一定都写到。内容要积极向上，条理要清晰。[写作步骤]第一步，开门见山，引出话题“未来的生活”，然后根据要求展开，分述自己的梦想工作，生活地点和怎样实现梦想，注意实现梦想的途径至少两点，要具体；第二步，阐述20年后生活的变化，注意不是自己生活的变化，而是人类生活的变化，至少两点，并符合科技发展的趋势；第三步，总结全文，表达感受，感情升华，祝福所有同学的梦想都能实现。[亮点词汇]①in the future 在将来②come true 实现③plan to do sth. 计划做某事④all in all 总而言之[高分句型]①Also, I will live in Shanghai because it’s the biggest city in China and there will be more chances for me.（will be结构的一般将来时；and连接表等同关系的并列句；because引导原因状语从句；there be句型的一般将来时）②In this way, I can learn how to be a reporter from it.（疑问词+动词不定式）③All in all, I hope our life will be better and better in 20 years.（省略that的宾语从句） 反身代词的用法歌诀反身代词表自身，句中可作两成分。表示强调同位语，宾语动作回自身。(反身代词有两种功能，一是表示强调，用作同位语；二是表示反身功能，在句中作宾语和表语。)后缀-less表示否定意义，＂没有，无＂。hope—hopeless(没希望的) use—useless(无用的) home—homeless(无家的)He feels that his life is a hopeless mess. 他觉得他生活得很狼狈不堪。We should try our best to help these homeless people.我们应该尽最大努力帮助这些无家可归的人。try travel be happen decide
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