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2023-2024学年陕西省多地多校高三上学期8月联考英语试题含答案
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1. 本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。
2. 请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 Where is the wman ging next?
A. T the bedrm. B. T the bathrm. C. T the kitchen.
2. What is the wman cmplaining abut?
A. Linda’s exam results.
B. Linda’s cmmunicatin skills.
C. Linda’s learning attitude.
3. What is Sctt?
A. A salesman. B. A waiter. C. A student.
4. Where are the speakers nw?
A. At a restaurant. B. At a furniture shp. C. At the wman’s huse.
5. Wh is studying at Harvard University?
A. The wman. B. The man. C. The man’s sister.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
16. Why des the wman feel upset?
A. She types t slwly.
B. She failed t save a reprt.
C. Her cmputer is brken again.
7. When is Jane’s reprt due?
A. Next Mnday. B. Next Tuesday. C. Next Thursday.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is Nick reading nw?
A. A magazine. B. A nvel. C. A pem.
9. What’s the wman’s attitude twards Mary Vanderbilt’s stry?
A. Indifferent. B. Curius. C. Oppsed.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Wh will the man drive t the airprt?
A. Helen. B. His rmmate. C. His rmmate and Helen.
11. Where will the wman meet Lisa?
A. At a cncert. B. At a music camp. C. At Lisa’s huse.
12. What cmmn interest d Helen and Lisa share?
A. Skiing. B. Listening t music. C. Cllecting stamps.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What can we knw abut the wman?
A. She has a gift fr languages. B. She has learned English fr lng.
C. She signed up fr an English curse.
14. What is the man ging t d next year?
A. Study abrad. B. Jin a club. C. Tur Britain.
15. Which f the wman’s suggestins des the man take?
A. The first ne. B. The secnd ne. C. The third ne.
16. What will the speakers d tgether this evening?
A. See a film. B. Clean the huse. C. Read English newspapers.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Hw much d an adult ticket and a child ticket cst?
A. Abut $36. B. Abut $38. C. Abut $40.
18. What des the speaker think f the whale-themed spaces?
A. Special. B. Interesting. C. Cnfusing.
19. What is the attractin n the 120th flr?
A. An utdr balcny. B. A glass flr. C. A small cafe.
20. What des the speaker say abut the restaurant?
A. It’s n the 122nd flr.
B. Its fd is inexpensive.
C. It has gd natural light.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The best way t get arund Lndn is the Undergrund, r what lcals call “the Tube”. Hwever, yu als have ther frms f transprtatin t chse frm.
Buses
The charm f traveling by bus is that yu can see the sights. Fares start at 1. 75 punds fr a single ride with an Oyster card (牡蛎卡). Buses dn’t take cash, s it’s best t have a tp-up Oyster card t pay fr yur trip. Many bus rutes cver the entire city and run 24 hurs a day.
Rail
Lndn Overgrund cnsists f six main rutes traveling amng many parts f the city. Rail fares vary by the time f day and the number f znes crssed. Like the Undergrund, using an Oyster Card rather than a Travel card (r paper ticket)is cnsiderably cheaper.
Taxis
Keep in mind that a lit-up taxi sign means it’s available. Taxis are metered, and yu have t pay accrding t the time f day and the distance. There’s always a minimum fee f 3. 20 punds. Yu can pay with cash, and all taxis accept credit cards.
Cars
Think twice befre hiring a car. Lndners drive n the left. In additin, traffic and parking are awful, and the cst f petrl (r gas)is high. Using hand-held cellphnes while driving is illegal. The speed limit n highways is 70 miles per hur.
1. Which f the fllwing can nly be paid by card?
A. Buses.B. Rail.C. Taxis.D. Cars.
2. In which aspect d rail and taxis have in cmmn in Lndn?
A. The rutes.B. The ways f charging.
C. The minimum fee.D. The pattern f payment.
3. What will make a Shaanxi’s turist unaccustmed while driving a car in Lndn?
A. Driving n the left.B. Finding a parking lt.
C. The speed limit n highways.D. The use f cellphne while driving.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了去伦敦旅游可以用的一些交通方式。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Buses部分中的“Buses dn’t take cash, s it’s best t have a tp-up Oyster card t pay fr yur trip. (公共汽车不收现金，所以最好有一张牡蛎卡来支付你的旅行费用。)”可知，公共交通只能用卡支付，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rail部分中的“Like the Undergrund, using an Oyster Card rather than a Travel card (r paper ticket)is cnsiderably cheaper. (与地铁一样，使用牡蛎卡而不是旅行卡(或纸质机票)要便宜得多。)”和Taxis部分中的“Yu can pay with cash, and all taxis accept credit cards. (你可以用现金支付，而且所有的出租车都接受信用卡。)”可知，在伦敦，乘坐铁路和出租车都可以用卡支付，即它们的支付方式是一样的，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cars部分中的“Lndners drive n the left. (伦敦人靠左行驶。)”和常识可知，在中国，开车是靠右行驶，而在伦敦靠左行驶，由此可知，靠左行驶会让陕西游客在伦敦开车不习惯，故选A。
B
The passenger wh successfully landed a plane after its pilt fell uncnscius tld abut the experience. Darren Harrisn was n his way back frm a fishing trip in the Bahamas when the pilt tld him and the ther passenger, a friend f the pilt’s, that he didn’t feel right.
Harrisn quickly asked the pilt what needed t be dne by the pint when the pilt was already unrespnsive. Making his way t the frnt f the plane, he realized that the aircraft was in a nse dive, mving at a very fast rate ver the pen cean. “At that pint, I knew if I didn’t react, we wuld die,” said Harrisn.
Harrisn reached ver the pilt’s bdy and psitined his arms ver him t grab the cntrls, slwly starting t pull back n the stick and turn. He did all this just ut f cmmn sense. Harrisn said that the first mments befre he made any cmmunicatin with grund cntrls std ut t him as the scariest part f the whle stry.
Bareft in the frnt f the plane, he placed the headset that the pilt had been wearing n his head, nly t discver the crd (电线)was wrn and unplugged. Frm there, he asked the ther passenger fr his headset and was able t cnnect. with air traffic cntrl, wh guided him n hw t safely land. Once they reached the grund, Harrisn said he slwly feathered the brakes as they made it dwn the runway.
When the aircraft finally came t a stp, Harrisn said he thanked the man n the ther side f the headset befre thrwing it n the dash f the plane. He said his strngest prayer was “fr the guy in the back” while he prayed fr the safety f everything that happened.
4. What did Harrisn d befre barding the aircraft?
A. He went fishing.B. He swam in the sea.
C. He hiked alng the seaside.D. He learned hw t fly a plane.
5. When did Harrisn feel mst frightened?
A. After hearing the pilt’s wrds.B. After realizing what happened.
C. During the landing f the plane.D. Befre initially cntacting air traffic cntrl.
6. Which paragraphs tell abut the prcess f Harrisn landing the plane?
A. Paragraph 1 and paragraph 2.B. Paragraph 2 and paragraph 3.
C. Paragraph 3 and paragraph 4.D. Paragraph 4 and paragraph 5.
7. Which wrds can best describe Harrisn?
A. Rich and successful.B. Calm and respnsive.
C. Optimistic and happy.D. Humrus and helpful.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公哈里森在飞行员失去知觉后，凭借着自己沉着冷静的处理方式化险为夷，成功降落飞机的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Darren Harrisn was n his way back frm a fishing trip in the Bahamas when the pilt tld him and the ther passenger, a friend f the pilt’s, that he didn’t feel right.”（达伦·哈里森(Darren Harrisn)在巴哈马群岛钓完鱼回来的路上，飞行员告诉他和另一名乘客(他的朋友)，他感觉不舒服。）可知，哈里森在登机前去钓鱼了。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Harrisn said that the first mments befre he made any cmmunicatin with grund cntrls std ut t him as the scariest part f the whle stry.”（哈里森说，在他与地面控制人员进行任何沟通之前的最初时刻，对他来说是整个故事中最可怕的部分。）可知，在初步联系空中交通管制之前是哈里森感到最可怕的时候。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Harrisn reached ver the pilt’s bdy and psitined his arms ver him t grab the cntrls, slwly starting t pull back n the stick and turn. He did all this just ut f cmmn sense.”（哈里森越过飞行员的身体，把双臂放在他身上，抓住控制杆，慢慢地开始拉回操纵杆并转弯。他做这一切完全是出于常识。）以及第四段中“Frm there, he asked the ther passenger fr his headset and was able t cnnect. with air traffic cntrl, wh guided him n hw t safely land. Once they reached the grund, Harrisn said he slwly feathered the brakes as they made it dwn the runway.”（从那里，他向另一名乘客要了他的耳机，并能够连接。空中交通管制员指导他如何安全降落。一旦他们到达地面，哈里森说，当他们沿着跑道行驶时，他慢慢地踩下刹车。）可知，第3和第4段讲述了哈里森降落飞机的过程。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“At that pint, I knew if I didn’t react, we wuld die,” said Harrisn.”（在那一刻，我知道如果我不做出反应，我们就会死，”哈里森说。）以及第三段中“Harrisn reached ver the pilt’s bdy and psitined his arms ver him t grab the cntrls, slwly starting t pull back n the stick and turn. He did all this just ut f cmmn sense.”（哈里森越过飞行员的身体，把双臂放在他身上，抓住控制杆，慢慢地开始拉回操纵杆并转弯。他做这一切完全是出于常识。）可推知，哈里森在整个事件中表现得冷静且反应灵敏。故选B项。
C
Abut ne-tenth f the wrld’s ppulatin suffers frm hunger and nearly ne in three peple face fd insecurity, accrding t recent estimates. Yet behind thse striking figures hides anther, clsely related threat: water insecurity.
In a new 25-cuntry study, researchers reprt a strng link between water insecurity, a lack f reliable access t sufficient water, and fd insecurity. The researchers analyzed data frm a natinally representative sample f ver 31, 000 peple ages 15 and lder in 25 lw-and middle-incme cuntries acrss Africa, Latin America and Asia. Overall, abut 18% f participants were classified as water insecurity. This ranged frm abut 15%in Asia t ver 34% in sub-Saharan Africa.
The findings, based n data cllected fr the first time in 2020 by Nrthwestern University and the Fd and Agriculture Organizatin f the United Natins(FAO), suggest that imprving access t water culd be key t sustainably and effectively addressing fd insecurity in many places.
While the study did nt assess the causes f fd r water insecurity, researchers said several factrs culd explain the linkage. Fr thse living in pverty, spending mney n water can mean less mney available fr fd. Fr farmers, water insecurity can mean less water available fr grwing crps and raising livestck. Time is als an issue: Traveling far frm hme t cllect water shifts the time available t generate incme r prepare fd.
Based n these findings, researchers suggested fd insecurity and water insecurity shuld be measured and addressed at the same time. This wuld ensure that insufficient water des nt pse an additinal barrier t fd security and in particular t fd utilizatin (使用), fr example, by preventing peple frm using fd prvided by fd assistance prgrams because there is n water t prepare it. As such, effrts t imprve access t water culd als bring benefits fr fd security.
8. What is the purpse f paragraph 1?
A. T list sme figures.B. T make an estimate.
C. T intrduce the tpic.D. T make a cmparisn.
9. Hw did researchers make their findings?
A. Thrugh experimental test.B. Thrugh ding surveys.
C. Thrugh field research.D. Thrugh data analysis.
10. Hw culd fd insecurity be effectively slved accrding t the text?
A. By bettering water supply.B. By raising fd awareness.
C. By explring water surces.D. By imprving access t fd.
11 What may affect the use f fd frm assistance prgrams?
A. N place t prepare it.B. Lack f water t ck it.
C. N means t transprt it.D. Shrt f mney t buy it.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了世界上水资源不安全的问题。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Abut ne-tenth f the wrld’s ppulatin suffers frm hunger and nearly ne in three peple face fd insecurity, accrding t recent estimates. Yet behind thse striking figures hides anther, clsely related threat: water insecurity.(根据最近的估计，世界上约有十分之一的人口遭受饥饿，近三分之一的人面临粮食不安全。然而，在这些惊人的数字背后隐藏着另一个密切相关的威胁：水资源不安全)”以及后文都是在介绍水资源不安全有关的数据和原因，所以第一段的目的是引出主题。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In a new 25-cuntry study, researchers reprt a strng link between water insecurity, a lack f reliable access t sufficient water, and fd insecurity. The researchers analyzed data frm a natinally representative sample f ver 31, 000 peple ages 15 and lder in 25 lw-and middle-incme cuntries acrss Africa, Latin America and Asia. Overall, abut 18% f participants were classified as water insecurity. This ranged frm abut 15%in Asia t ver 34% in sub-Saharan Africa.(在一项针对25个国家的新研究中，研究人员报告说，水资源不安全、缺乏获得足够水的可靠途径和粮食不安全之间存在密切联系。研究人员分析了来自非洲、拉丁美洲和亚洲25个低收入和中等收入国家的31000多名15岁及以上的全国代表性样本的数据。总体而言，约18%的参与者被归类为水资源不安全。这一比例从亚洲的15%到撒哈拉以南非洲的34%以上不等)”可知，研究人员是通过数据分析来得出他们的发现的。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The findings, based n data cllected fr the first time in 2020 by Nrthwestern University and the Fd and Agriculture Organizatin f the United Natins(FAO), suggest that imprving access t water culd be key t sustainably and effectively addressing fd insecurity in many places.(根据西北大学和联合国粮食及农业组织于2020年首次收集数据，这些发现表明，改善水资源获取可能是可持续和有效解决许多地方粮食不安全问题的关键)”可知，根据文章，通过改善供水可以有效地解决粮食不安全问题。故选A项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This wuld ensure that insufficient water des nt pse an additinal barrier t fd security and in particular t fd utilizatin, fr example, by preventing peple frm using fd prvided by fd assistance prgrams because there is n water t prepare it.(这将确保缺水不会对粮食安全，特别是对粮食利用造成额外的障碍，例如，防止人们因为没有水来准备而使用粮食援助项目提供的食物)”可知，缺少烹饪的水会影响援助项目中食物的使用。故选B项。
D
Imagine a team f humans and rbts wrking tgether t prcess nline rders. Real-life wrkers strategically psitined amng their autmated cwrkers wh are mving intelligently back and frth in a warehuse (仓库)space, picking items fr shipping t the custmer.
This culd becme a reality sner r later thanks t researchers at the University f Missuri, wh are wrking t speed up the nline delivery prcess by develping a sftware mdel designed t make transprt rbts smarter.
“The rbtic technlgy already exists,” said Sharan Srinivas, wh specializes in data analytics and peratins research. “Our gal is t best apply this technlgy thrugh efficient planning. T d this, we’re asking questins like ‘given a list f items t pick, hw d yu ptimize (优化)the rute plan fr the human pickers and rbts?’ r ‘hw many items shuld a rbt pick in a given tur?’ Likewise, we have a similar set f questins fr the human wrker. The mst challenging part is ptimizing the cllabratin plan between the human pickers and rbts.”:
Currently, a lt f human effrt and labr csts are invlved with fulfilling nline rders. T help ptimize this prcess, rbtic cmpanies have already develped cperative rbts, als knwn as cbts r autnmus mbile rbts (AMRs), t wrk in a warehuse r distributin center. AMRs are equipped with sensrs and cameras t help them navigate(确定方向)arund a cntrlled space like a warehuse.
Srinivas said, “The rbt is intelligent, s if it’s instructed t g t a particular lcatin, it can navigate the warehuse and nt hit any wrkers r ther bstacles alng the way. AMRs are nt designed t replace human wrkers, but instead can wrk cperatively alngside them t help increase the efficiency f the rder fulfillment prcess.”
“The ne drawback is that these rbts d nt have gd grasping abilities” said Srinivas. “But humans are gd at grasping items, s we are trying t balance the strength f bth resurces.”
12. What des the underlined wrd “cllabratin” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Technlgy.B. Similarity.C. Explratin.D. Cperatin.
13. What is the functin f the sensrs equipped n AMRs?
A. T lk cl.B. T sense warnings.
C. T direct AMRs’ way.D. T find human wrkers.
14. What are AMRs bad at?
A. Jumping.B. Climbing.C. Walking.D. Hlding.
15. Which can be the best title fr the text?
A. The Simple Use f Rbts
B. Warehuse Wrkers and Rbts
C. Making Transprt Rbts Smarter
D. Transprt Rbts Invented by Sharan
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了密苏里大学的研究人员正在开发一种软件模型，旨在使运输机器人更智能，从而加快在线运输过程。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“T help ptimize this prcess, rbtic cmpanies have already develped cperative rbts, als knwn as cbts r autnmus mbile rbts (AMRs), t wrk in a warehuse r distributin center.(为了帮助优化这一过程，机器人公司已经开发了协作机器人，也被称为协作机器人或自主移动机器人(amr)，在仓库或配送中心工作)”可知，机器人公司为了优化这一过程，开发了协作机器人，而这一过程就是划线单词所在句子所提到的问题，所以可推测cllabratin应该是合作之意和D项Cperatin意思相近。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“AMRs are equipped with sensrs and cameras t help them navigate(确定方向)arund a cntrlled space like a warehuse.(AMR配备了传感器和摄像头，以帮助它们在像仓库这样的受控空间内导航)”可知，AMRs上配备的传感器的功能是指引方向。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段““The ne drawback is that these rbts d nt have gd grasping abilities,” said Srinivas. “But humans are gd at grasping items, s we are trying t balance the strength f bth resurces.”(“一个缺点是这些机器人没有很好的抓取能力，”斯里尼瓦斯说。“但人类擅长抓东西，所以我们正试图平衡这两种资源的优势。”)”可知，AMRs的缺点是没有很好的抓取能力。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Imagine a team f humans and rbts wrking tgether t prcess nline rders. Real-life wrkers strategically psitined amng their autmated cwrkers wh are mving intelligently back and frth in a warehuse (仓库)space, picking items fr shipping t the custmer.(想象一下，一个由人类和机器人组成的团队共同处理在线订单。真实的员工策略性地定位于他们的自动化同事之间，这些自动化同事在仓库空间中智能地来回移动，挑选物品运送给客户)”以及第二段“This culd becme a reality sner r later thanks t researchers at the University f Missuri, wh are wrking t speed up the nline delivery prcess by develping a sftware mdel designed t make transprt rbts smarter.(这迟早会成为现实，这要感谢密苏里大学的研究人员，他们正在开发一种软件模型，旨在使运输机器人更智能，从而加快在线运输过程)”可知，本文主要介绍了使运输机器人更加的智能，所以C项“Making Transprt Rbts Smarter(让运输机器人更智能)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have yu ever felt stressed? Well, yu are nt alne, as every persn in the wrld has t face stress at ne time r anther. Stress is part f life. ____16____ Here are sme strategies fr dealing with stress and pressure.
Mst f the time, stress is a result f feeling verwrked. ____17____ Fr example, yu culd keep a daily rganizer and plan yur activities. Get yur pririties straight and fcus n things that are really imprtant. D nt get caught up in minr issues that nly create additinal wrk fr yu. Break tasks dwn int manageable bits and tackle them ne by ne r step by step.
____18____ Ding things that yu like such as listening t music, taking a walk, r reading a bk can take yur mind ff things that bther yu. Even ding nthing at all can be beneficial. After a shrt break, yu will feel refreshed and mre able t tackle a prblem r a piece f wrk.
Finally, d nt set standards t high. They’ll lead t dissatisfactin and pressure. If yu aim fr perfectin all the time, yu will end up frustrated and stressed ut. ____19____ If yu are t uptight abut smething, yu will nt be able t think clearly and make gd decisins. Fcus n what has already been dne and what is gd. Then, negative stressful feelings will disappear.
In cnclusin, stress may be unavidable but it needn’t make life miserable fr yu. There are many ways t reduce and deal with stress such as the three strategies shared here. ____20____
A. Prper plan als helps yu avid the stress.
B. It is essential t learn hw t deal with stress.
C. Learn t let g and lk at the psitive side f things.
D. Besides, taking time t relax can help yu ease stress.
E. Stress is smething that makes yu learn mre abut life.
F. Keeping yurself rganized helps yu get rid f the feeling.
G Learn these ways r try t find ther ways t cntrl the stress.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何处理压力。
【16题详解】
空格处承上启下。上文“Stress is part f life. (压力是生活的一部分。)”说明的是压力是生活的一部分。下文“Here are sme strategies fr dealing with stress and pressure. (这里有一些应对压力的策略。)”说明的是本文介绍的是应对压力的策略。B项“学会如何处理压力是很重要的。”说明的是应正确处理压力，承接上文，引出下文。故选B。
【17题详解】
空格处承上启下。上文“Mst f the time, stress is a result f feeling verwrked. (大多数时候，压力是劳累过度的结果。)”说明的是有时压力产生的理由是过度劳累。下文“Fr example, yu culd keep a daily rganizer and plan yur activities. (例如，你可以组织和计划一下你的活动。)”说明的是应对日常生活进行计划和组织。F项“让自己有条理可以帮助你摆脱这种感觉。”说明的是让自己井井有条进行组织和计划。承接上文，引出下文。故选F。
【18题详解】
空格处引出下文。下文“Ding things that yu like such as listening t music, taking a walk, r reading a bk can take yur mind ff things that bther yu. (做一些你喜欢的事情，比如听音乐、散步或读书，可以让你的思绪从困扰你的事情中解脱出来。)”说明的是一些放松的方式。选项D“此外，花时间放松可以帮助你缓解压力。”说明的是放松可以减轻压力，作为本段的首局，引出下文。故选D。
【19题详解】
空格处承上启下。上文“If yu aim fr perfectin all the time, yu will end up frustrated and stressed ut. (如果你总是追求完美，你最终会感到沮丧和压力。)”说明的是追求完美会产生压力。下文“If yu are t uptight abut smething, yu will nt be able t think clearly and make gd decisins. Fcus n what has already been dne and what is gd. Then, negative stressful feelings will disappear. (如果你对某事过于紧张，你将无法清晰地思考并做出正确的决定。把注意力集中在已经完成的和好的方面。然后，负面的压力感就会消失。)”说明的是应关注积极的方面。所以空格处应该是让我们学会积极面对。选项C“学会放手，看到事物积极的一面。”承上启下，符合文意。故选C。
【20题详解】
空格处承接上文，总结全文。上文“There are many ways t reduce and deal with stress such as the three strategies shared here. (有很多方法可以减少和处理压力，比如这里分享的三个策略。)”说明有很多方法处理压力。选项G“学习这些方法或尝试寻找其他方法来控制压力。”，说明的是用这些方法来缓解压力，“these ways”指的是上文中提到的方法，G项承接上文，对全文作出总结，符合文意。故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a parent f grwn children, I have cme t realize that many things ccurred during thse child-rearing years that I knew nthing abut.
At ne gathering, my third child, Shelly, ____21____talking abut her hair. She has always had beautiful hair. She said she had red highlights (挑染的头发) in her hair when she was yunger. We believed her because we all____22____ that. Fr this discvery, she brught her hair clr t ur____23____ . Shelly laughed with us at the____24____and then said alud hw interesting it was that she hadn’t seen any highlights in many years.
Snickering (窃笑)____25____frm acrss the rm. We all turned t lk at the___26___ . My yungest tw girls were sharing wide-eyed____27____and giggles (傻笑).
“Okay, what is s____28____?” I asked them, my lk demanding a(n)____29____. With laughter, they finally shared the_____30_____f a stry that had us all laughing heartily.
Frm their childhd, tw f their gd friends ften played tgether at ur huse. One day, the fur girls,_____31_____ in age frm seven t ten years at the time, decided t frm a_____32_____business. The girls gathered_____33_____things frm the surrunding frest t cmbine, _____34_____t make a new perfume. They biled pine needles, wild-flwers, and whatever they fund in a pt f water. Then they decided t _____35_____the perfume int a shamp bttle, Shelly’s shamp bttle. Realizing that the strawberry-clred_____36_____lked different after adding their mixture, they decided t add_____37_____fd clring. They tld us hw they rushed each mrning t Shelly’s shwer in rder t shake up the bttle and_____38_____the clr thrughut nce again. They were terrified f the discvery.
Shelly’s face whitened with_____39_____and then reddened with embarrassment befre sftening int humr. “Well,” she said, after a mment, “I guess that_____40_____it.”
21. A. beganB. frgtC. avidedD. admitted
22. A. arguedB. pretendedC. regrettedD. remembered
23. A. sufferingB. attentinC. inabilityD. determinatin
24. A. prjectB. flameC. memryD. picture
25. A. tk ffB. brke utC. set upD. went away
26. A. surceB. crackC. destinatinD. invader
27. A. tuchesB. feelsC. sundsD. lks
28. A. funnyB. impliteC. willingD. psitive
29. A. rewardB. invitatinC. answerD. debate
30. A. charactersB. detailsC. cpiesD. heres
31. A. standingB. develpingC. cuntingD. ranging
32. A. paintB. ckingC. beautyD. wd
33. A. variusB. valuableC. extinctD. dangerus
34. A. fferingB. attemptingC. designingD. vlunteering
35. A. clseB. takeC. getD. put
36. A. cntentsB. cntainerC. ingredientsD. decratins
37. A. blackB. whiteC. redD. range
38. A. divideB. distributeC. releaseD. switch
39. A. delightB. prideC. surpriseD. anger
40. A. affirmsB. survivesC. explainsD. determines
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作为一个成年孩子的父母，作者开始意识到，在养育孩子的岁月里，发生了许多她一无所知的事情。作者的孩子给她讲述了她们小时候发生的一件有趣的事情。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一次聚会上，我的第三个孩子雪莉开始谈论她的头发。A. began开始；B. frgt忘记；C. avided避免；D. admitted准许……加入。根据下文“She has always had beautiful hair. She said she had red highlights (挑染的头发) in her hair when she was yunger.”可知，雪莉开始谈论她的头发。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们相信她，因为我们都记得。A. argued争论；B. pretended假装；C. regretted后悔；D. remembered记得。根据上文“She said she had red highlights (挑染的头发) in her hair when she was yunger. We believed her”可知，雪莉说她小时候有红色挑染的头发，我们都相信，说明我们都记得这件事情。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了这个发现，她让我们注意到她的发色。A. suffering痛苦；B. attentin注意；C. inability无能；D. determinatin确定，决心。根据上文“She said she had red highlights (挑染的头发) in her hair when she was yunger.”可知，雪莉在谈论她头发的颜色，她让我们注意到她的发色。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：想起这段往事，雪莉和我们一起笑了起来，然后大声说，她已经很多年没有看到任何挑染的头发了，这是多么有趣啊。A. prject项目；B. flame火焰；C. memry回忆；D. picture图片。根据上文“She said she had red highlights (挑染的头发) in her hair when she was yunger.”及下文“then said alud hw interesting it was that she hadn’t seen any highlights in many years.”可知，雪莉和我们在回想这段往事，即那段回忆。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：房间的另一头爆发出窃笑声。A. tk ff起飞；B. brke ut爆发；C. set up设置；D. went away离开。根据上文“Snickering (窃笑)”及下文“My yungest tw girls were sharing wide-eyed____7____and giggles (傻笑).”可知，此处指房间的另一头爆发出窃笑声。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都转过头去看源头。A. surce来源；B. crack裂纹；C. destinatin目的地；D. invader入侵者。根据上文“Snickering (窃笑)____5____frm acrss the rm. We all turned t lk at”可知，我们都转过头去看窃笑声的源头。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最小的两个女儿瞪着大大的眼睛，咯咯地笑着。A. tuches触觉；B. feels感觉；C. sunds声音；D. lks表情。根据上文“My yungest tw girls were sharing wide-eyed”可知，此处指一种表情。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：好吧，是什么这么可笑？A. funny可笑的；B. implite不礼貌的；C. willing愿意的；D. psitive积极的。根据上文“My yungest tw girls were sharing wide-eyed____7____and giggles (傻笑).”及下文“I asked them”可知，此处在问她们傻笑的原因，应该是问“是什么这么可笑？”故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我问她们，脸上的表情要求一个答案。A. reward奖励；B. invitatin邀请；C. answer答案；D. debate辩论。根据上文““Okay, what is s____8____?” I asked them,”可知，我想要她们给出一个答案。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，她们笑着分享了一个让我们开怀大笑的故事的细节。A. characters字符；B. details细节；C. cpies复印件；D. heres英雄。根据下文内容可知，她们笑着分享了一个让我们开怀大笑的故事的细节。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，四个女孩，当时年龄从7岁到10岁不等，决定成立一家美容公司。A. standing站立；B. develping发展；C. cunting计数；D. ranging(在一定的范围内)变化。根据下文“in age frm seven t ten years at the time”可知，当时年龄从7岁到10岁不等。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，四个女孩，当时年龄从7岁到10岁不等，决定成立一家美容公司。A. paint油漆；B. cking烹饪；C. beauty美容；D. wd木材。根据下文“The girls gathered____13____things frm the surrunding frest t cmbine, ____14____t make a new perfume.”可知，这些女孩试图制作香水，应该是玩开美容公司的游戏。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女孩们从周围的森林里收集了各种各样的东西来组合，试图制造一种新的香水。A. varius各种各样的；B. valuable有价值的；C. extinct灭绝的；D. dangerus危险的。根据下文“They biled pine needles, wild-flwers, and whatever they fund in a pt f water.”可知，女孩们从周围的森林里收集了各种各样的东西来组合。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩们从周围的森林里收集了各种各样的东西来组合，试图制造一种新的香水。A. ffering提供；B. attempting试图；C. designing设计；D. vlunteering志愿。根据下文“t make a new perfume. They biled pine needles, wild-flwers, and whatever they fund in a pt f water.”可知，这些女孩试图制作香水。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她们决定把香水放进一个洗发水瓶子里，雪莉的洗发水瓶子。A. clse关闭；B. take服用；C. get得到；D. put放。根据下文“the perfume int a shamp bttle, Shelly’s shamp bttle.”可知，她们决定把制作的香水放进一个洗发水瓶子里。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她们意识到加入混合物后草莓色的东西看起来不一样时，她们决定添加红色食用色素。A. cntents所含物；B. cntainer集装箱；C. ingredients成分；D. decratins装饰品。根据下文“lked different after adding their mixture”可知，加入混合物后草莓色的东西看起来不一样了。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她们意识到加入混合物后草莓色的东西看起来不一样时，她们决定添加红色食用色素。A. black黑色的；B. white白色的；C. red红色的；D. range橙色的。根据上文“She said she had red highlights (挑染的头发) in her hair when she was yunger.”可知，她们添加的食用色素是红色的。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们告诉我们，每天早上她们是如何冲到雪莉的淋浴间，把瓶子摇一摇，再一次把颜色布满整个瓶子。A. divide分割；B. distribute散布；C. release释放；D. switch转换。根据上文“shake up the bttle”及常识可知，把瓶子里的东西摇一摇，里面的东西就会散布到整个瓶子，即颜色布满整个瓶子。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：雪莉的脸因愤怒而变白，然后又因尴尬而变红，最后又变得幽默起来。A. delight高兴；B. pride自豪感；C. surprise惊喜；D. anger愤怒。根据上文“Shelly’s face whitened”及下文“then reddened with embarrassment”可知，雪莉得知了真相后，她的脸因愤怒而变白。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“好吧，”过了一会儿，她说，“我想这就解释了。”A. affirms肯定；B. survives存活；C. explains解释；D. determines决定。根据上文“She said she had red highlights (挑染的头发) in her hair when she was yunger.”及“Shelly laughed with us at the____4____and then said alud hw interesting it was that she hadn’t seen any highlights in many years.”可知，现在雪莉知道为什么好多年没有红色的挑染头发了，这就解释了。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has launched the CR450 science and technlgy innvatin prject ____41____ (develp)an even faster train. Accrding t the natinal plan, a mre advanced bullet train, with a tp perating speed f 400 kilmeters per hur and an ____42____ (experiment)speed f up t 450 km per hur, the CR450 wuld sn be revealed.
By the end f 2022, China’s transprtatin netwrk ____43____ (grw)t cver mre than 6 millin kilmeters. Frm 2018 t 2022, China’s transprtatin sectr (部门)saw investments fl7 trillin yuan in fixed assets(固定资产), fficials said at ____44____ news cnference.
By the end f 2022, China’s railway netwrk had cvered 155, 000 km, f which 42, 000 km were high-speed railways, ____45____ (accunt)fr mre than tw-thirds f the wrld’s high-speed railways. In additin, China has develped the wrld’s ____46____ (large)rad netwrk, which cvers 5. 35 millin kilmeters, f which 177, 000 km are freeways. China, ____47____ als has 128, 000 km f inland waterways and 21, 000 berths (泊位), can accmmdate industrial prductin.
Fifty-three cities have city metr transprtatin systems, with ____48____ (they)peratins cvering a ttal f 9, 584 km. Nearly all administrative villages, twns and cunties have access ____49____ hardened rads and bus services. Pst _____50_____(ffice)are established in all twns.
【答案】41. t develp
42. experimental
43. had grwn
44. a 45. accunting
46. largest
47. which 48. their
49. t 50. ffices
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了中国启动了CR450科技创新项目，以开发更快的列车。根据国家计划，一种更先进的子弹头列车，最高运行速度为每小时400公里，实验速度高达每小时450公里，CR450将很快揭晓。
【41题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：中国启动了CR450科技创新项目，以开发更快的列车。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式t d表示“为了……”作目的状语。故填t develp。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：根据国家计划，一种更先进的子弹头列车，最高运行速度为每小时400公里，实验速度高达每小时450公里，CR450将很快揭晓。由空后speed为名词可知，此处为形容词experimental表示“实验性的”作定语修饰该名词。故填experimental。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：到2022年底，中国的交通网络已发展到600多万公里。由时间状语By the end f 2022表示截至到过去的时间点之前可知，此处应为过去完成时。故填had grwn。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：官员们在新闻发布会上说，从2018年到2022年，中国交通运输部门的固定资产投资达到了7万亿元。根据句意以及空后news cnference为单数意义名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一次新闻发布会”，结合news为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：截至2022年底，中国铁路网总里程15.5万公里，其中高速铁路4.2万公里，占世界高速铁路总里程的三分之二以上。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，定语从句和动词短语accunt fr为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填accunting。
【46题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：此外，中国还建成了世界上最大的公路网，总长535万公里，其中高速公路17.7万公里。根据句意以及空前the wrld’s可知，此处应为形容词最高级形式，表示“世界上最大的公路网”，满足句意要求。故填largest。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国还拥有12.8万公里的内河航道和2.1万个泊位，可以容纳工业生产。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是China，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
【48题详解】
考查代词。句意：53个城市拥有城市地铁系统，运营总长9584公里。由空后peratins为名词可知，此处应为形容词性物主代词修饰该名词。故填their。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：几乎所有行政村、镇、县都通了硬化公路和公交。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语have access t“具有使用某物或接触某人的权利或机会”。故填t。
【50题详解】
考查名词复数形式。句意：所有城镇都建立了邮局。由该句谓语动词为are可知，主语应为复数名词。故填ffices。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As senir high schl students, we ften imagine why we will d in the future. Fr me, I expect myself t having a gd knwledge f Chinese s that I can be a Chinese teacher wrked in an English-speaking cuntry. First, I’m a hnest and utging by with great patience. That is what make a qualified teacher. Besides, I can speak English fluent, which is a must-have skill fr cmmunicating with children that native language is English. In additin, teachers generally respected. But what it is the mst imprtant fr me t take up this jb is that I can share Chinese culture and custms with freigner and help them gain a better understanding f China.
【答案】1. why→what 2. having→have 3.wrked→wrking 4.a→an
5.makes→make 6.fluent→fluently 7.that→whse 8.teachers后加are
9.删除it 10.freigner→freigners
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。作者通过介绍自己的个性特点、语言能力和动机，表达了自己希望成为在英语国家工作的中文教师的愿望。
【详解】1.考查宾语从句。句意：作为高中生，我们经常想象自己的未来会使什么样子。分析可知本句为宾语从句，从句引导词表示“什么”之意，故将why改为what。
2.考查不定式。句意：对我来说，我希望自己有很好的中文知识，这样我就可以成为一名在英语国家工作的中文老师。expect sb t d sth表示“期望某人做某事”，故将having改为have。
3.考查现在分词。句意：对我来说，我希望自己有很好的中文知识，这样我就可以成为一名在英语国家工作的中文老师。分析可知主语I与wrk为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语，故将wrked改为wrking。
4.考查冠词。句意：首先，我是一个诚实外向的男孩，很有耐心。hnest为元音音素开头的单词，故将a该为an。
5.考查主谓一致。句意：这就是合格教师的素质。主语what为单三，故将make改为makes。
6.考查副词。句意：此外，我可以说一口流利的英语，这是与母语为英语的孩子交流的必备技能。修饰动词speak 用副词，故将fluent改为fluently。
7.考查定语从句。句意：此外，我可以说一口流利的英语，这是与母语为英语的孩子交流的必备技能。分析可知本句为定语从句，先行词为children，引导词后为名词native language，与先行词之间为从属关系，故将that改为whse。
8.考查被动语态。句意：此外，教师普遍受到尊重。teachers为复数，结合句意可知为一般现在时的被动语态，故在teachers后加are。
9.考查代词。句意：但对我来说，从事这份工作最重要的是我可以与外国人分享中国文化和习俗，帮助他们更好地了解中国。分析可知本句为主语从句，what为主语，代词it多余，故将it删除。
10.考查名词复数。句意：但对我来说，从事这份工作最重要的是我可以与外国人分享中国文化和习俗，帮助他们更好地了解中国。根据them可知，前文freigner应为复数形式，故将freigner改为freigners。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，你计划在假期读一些英语文章。请给你的外国朋友Jack发一封电子邮件，请他给你推荐一些英文网站，内容包括：
1. 告知朋友你的计划；
2. 请他帮忙推荐网站。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jack,
Hw are yu ging? I am writing t let yu knw that I am planning t read sme English magazines and newspapers during the cming hliday, by which I can bth widen my hrizns and expand my scpe f knwledge. As yu are a native speaker and experienced in English learning, I wuld greatly appreciate it if yu culd help me by recmmending sme useful English websites.
I am particularly interested in websites that cver current affairs, culture and lifestyle, as well as thse that prvide useful vcabulary and grammar resurces. Yur suggestins wuld be f great help t me. I am lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，你计划在假期读一些英语文章。请给你的外国朋友Jack发一封电子邮件，请他给你推荐一些英文网站。
【详解】1.词汇积累
拓宽：widen→braden
帮助某人：help sb.→give sb. a hand
尤其：particularly→especially
有用的：useful→practical
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Yur suggestins wuld be f great help t me. I am lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
拓展句：Because yur suggestins wuld be f great help t me, I am lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am writing t let yu knw that I am planning t read sme English magazines and newspapers during the cming hliday, by which I can bth widen my hrizns and expand my scpe f knwledge. (运用了that引导的宾语从句及by which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] As yu are a native speaker and experienced in English learning, I wuld greatly appreciate it if yu culd help me by recmmending sme useful English websites. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句及if引导的条件状语从句)
听力答案：1~5 BCABC 6~10 CACAB 11~15 CBBAB 16~20 ABCAC
1. 本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。
2. 请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 Where is the wman ging next?
A. T the bedrm. B. T the bathrm. C. T the kitchen.
2. What is the wman cmplaining abut?
A. Linda’s exam results.
B. Linda’s cmmunicatin skills.
C. Linda’s learning attitude.
3. What is Sctt?
A. A salesman. B. A waiter. C. A student.
4. Where are the speakers nw?
A. At a restaurant. B. At a furniture shp. C. At the wman’s huse.
5. Wh is studying at Harvard University?
A. The wman. B. The man. C. The man’s sister.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
16. Why des the wman feel upset?
A. She types t slwly.
B. She failed t save a reprt.
C. Her cmputer is brken again.
7. When is Jane’s reprt due?
A. Next Mnday. B. Next Tuesday. C. Next Thursday.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is Nick reading nw?
A. A magazine. B. A nvel. C. A pem.
9. What’s the wman’s attitude twards Mary Vanderbilt’s stry?
A. Indifferent. B. Curius. C. Oppsed.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Wh will the man drive t the airprt?
A. Helen. B. His rmmate. C. His rmmate and Helen.
11. Where will the wman meet Lisa?
A. At a cncert. B. At a music camp. C. At Lisa’s huse.
12. What cmmn interest d Helen and Lisa share?
A. Skiing. B. Listening t music. C. Cllecting stamps.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What can we knw abut the wman?
A. She has a gift fr languages. B. She has learned English fr lng.
C. She signed up fr an English curse.
14. What is the man ging t d next year?
A. Study abrad. B. Jin a club. C. Tur Britain.
15. Which f the wman’s suggestins des the man take?
A. The first ne. B. The secnd ne. C. The third ne.
16. What will the speakers d tgether this evening?
A. See a film. B. Clean the huse. C. Read English newspapers.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Hw much d an adult ticket and a child ticket cst?
A. Abut $36. B. Abut $38. C. Abut $40.
18. What des the speaker think f the whale-themed spaces?
A. Special. B. Interesting. C. Cnfusing.
19. What is the attractin n the 120th flr?
A. An utdr balcny. B. A glass flr. C. A small cafe.
20. What des the speaker say abut the restaurant?
A. It’s n the 122nd flr.
B. Its fd is inexpensive.
C. It has gd natural light.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The best way t get arund Lndn is the Undergrund, r what lcals call “the Tube”. Hwever, yu als have ther frms f transprtatin t chse frm.
Buses
The charm f traveling by bus is that yu can see the sights. Fares start at 1. 75 punds fr a single ride with an Oyster card (牡蛎卡). Buses dn’t take cash, s it’s best t have a tp-up Oyster card t pay fr yur trip. Many bus rutes cver the entire city and run 24 hurs a day.
Rail
Lndn Overgrund cnsists f six main rutes traveling amng many parts f the city. Rail fares vary by the time f day and the number f znes crssed. Like the Undergrund, using an Oyster Card rather than a Travel card (r paper ticket)is cnsiderably cheaper.
Taxis
Keep in mind that a lit-up taxi sign means it’s available. Taxis are metered, and yu have t pay accrding t the time f day and the distance. There’s always a minimum fee f 3. 20 punds. Yu can pay with cash, and all taxis accept credit cards.
Cars
Think twice befre hiring a car. Lndners drive n the left. In additin, traffic and parking are awful, and the cst f petrl (r gas)is high. Using hand-held cellphnes while driving is illegal. The speed limit n highways is 70 miles per hur.
1. Which f the fllwing can nly be paid by card?
A. Buses.B. Rail.C. Taxis.D. Cars.
2. In which aspect d rail and taxis have in cmmn in Lndn?
A. The rutes.B. The ways f charging.
C. The minimum fee.D. The pattern f payment.
3. What will make a Shaanxi’s turist unaccustmed while driving a car in Lndn?
A. Driving n the left.B. Finding a parking lt.
C. The speed limit n highways.D. The use f cellphne while driving.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了去伦敦旅游可以用的一些交通方式。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Buses部分中的“Buses dn’t take cash, s it’s best t have a tp-up Oyster card t pay fr yur trip. (公共汽车不收现金，所以最好有一张牡蛎卡来支付你的旅行费用。)”可知，公共交通只能用卡支付，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rail部分中的“Like the Undergrund, using an Oyster Card rather than a Travel card (r paper ticket)is cnsiderably cheaper. (与地铁一样，使用牡蛎卡而不是旅行卡(或纸质机票)要便宜得多。)”和Taxis部分中的“Yu can pay with cash, and all taxis accept credit cards. (你可以用现金支付，而且所有的出租车都接受信用卡。)”可知，在伦敦，乘坐铁路和出租车都可以用卡支付，即它们的支付方式是一样的，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cars部分中的“Lndners drive n the left. (伦敦人靠左行驶。)”和常识可知，在中国，开车是靠右行驶，而在伦敦靠左行驶，由此可知，靠左行驶会让陕西游客在伦敦开车不习惯，故选A。
B
The passenger wh successfully landed a plane after its pilt fell uncnscius tld abut the experience. Darren Harrisn was n his way back frm a fishing trip in the Bahamas when the pilt tld him and the ther passenger, a friend f the pilt’s, that he didn’t feel right.
Harrisn quickly asked the pilt what needed t be dne by the pint when the pilt was already unrespnsive. Making his way t the frnt f the plane, he realized that the aircraft was in a nse dive, mving at a very fast rate ver the pen cean. “At that pint, I knew if I didn’t react, we wuld die,” said Harrisn.
Harrisn reached ver the pilt’s bdy and psitined his arms ver him t grab the cntrls, slwly starting t pull back n the stick and turn. He did all this just ut f cmmn sense. Harrisn said that the first mments befre he made any cmmunicatin with grund cntrls std ut t him as the scariest part f the whle stry.
Bareft in the frnt f the plane, he placed the headset that the pilt had been wearing n his head, nly t discver the crd (电线)was wrn and unplugged. Frm there, he asked the ther passenger fr his headset and was able t cnnect. with air traffic cntrl, wh guided him n hw t safely land. Once they reached the grund, Harrisn said he slwly feathered the brakes as they made it dwn the runway.
When the aircraft finally came t a stp, Harrisn said he thanked the man n the ther side f the headset befre thrwing it n the dash f the plane. He said his strngest prayer was “fr the guy in the back” while he prayed fr the safety f everything that happened.
4. What did Harrisn d befre barding the aircraft?
A. He went fishing.B. He swam in the sea.
C. He hiked alng the seaside.D. He learned hw t fly a plane.
5. When did Harrisn feel mst frightened?
A. After hearing the pilt’s wrds.B. After realizing what happened.
C. During the landing f the plane.D. Befre initially cntacting air traffic cntrl.
6. Which paragraphs tell abut the prcess f Harrisn landing the plane?
A. Paragraph 1 and paragraph 2.B. Paragraph 2 and paragraph 3.
C. Paragraph 3 and paragraph 4.D. Paragraph 4 and paragraph 5.
7. Which wrds can best describe Harrisn?
A. Rich and successful.B. Calm and respnsive.
C. Optimistic and happy.D. Humrus and helpful.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公哈里森在飞行员失去知觉后，凭借着自己沉着冷静的处理方式化险为夷，成功降落飞机的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Darren Harrisn was n his way back frm a fishing trip in the Bahamas when the pilt tld him and the ther passenger, a friend f the pilt’s, that he didn’t feel right.”（达伦·哈里森(Darren Harrisn)在巴哈马群岛钓完鱼回来的路上，飞行员告诉他和另一名乘客(他的朋友)，他感觉不舒服。）可知，哈里森在登机前去钓鱼了。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Harrisn said that the first mments befre he made any cmmunicatin with grund cntrls std ut t him as the scariest part f the whle stry.”（哈里森说，在他与地面控制人员进行任何沟通之前的最初时刻，对他来说是整个故事中最可怕的部分。）可知，在初步联系空中交通管制之前是哈里森感到最可怕的时候。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Harrisn reached ver the pilt’s bdy and psitined his arms ver him t grab the cntrls, slwly starting t pull back n the stick and turn. He did all this just ut f cmmn sense.”（哈里森越过飞行员的身体，把双臂放在他身上，抓住控制杆，慢慢地开始拉回操纵杆并转弯。他做这一切完全是出于常识。）以及第四段中“Frm there, he asked the ther passenger fr his headset and was able t cnnect. with air traffic cntrl, wh guided him n hw t safely land. Once they reached the grund, Harrisn said he slwly feathered the brakes as they made it dwn the runway.”（从那里，他向另一名乘客要了他的耳机，并能够连接。空中交通管制员指导他如何安全降落。一旦他们到达地面，哈里森说，当他们沿着跑道行驶时，他慢慢地踩下刹车。）可知，第3和第4段讲述了哈里森降落飞机的过程。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“At that pint, I knew if I didn’t react, we wuld die,” said Harrisn.”（在那一刻，我知道如果我不做出反应，我们就会死，”哈里森说。）以及第三段中“Harrisn reached ver the pilt’s bdy and psitined his arms ver him t grab the cntrls, slwly starting t pull back n the stick and turn. He did all this just ut f cmmn sense.”（哈里森越过飞行员的身体，把双臂放在他身上，抓住控制杆，慢慢地开始拉回操纵杆并转弯。他做这一切完全是出于常识。）可推知，哈里森在整个事件中表现得冷静且反应灵敏。故选B项。
C
Abut ne-tenth f the wrld’s ppulatin suffers frm hunger and nearly ne in three peple face fd insecurity, accrding t recent estimates. Yet behind thse striking figures hides anther, clsely related threat: water insecurity.
In a new 25-cuntry study, researchers reprt a strng link between water insecurity, a lack f reliable access t sufficient water, and fd insecurity. The researchers analyzed data frm a natinally representative sample f ver 31, 000 peple ages 15 and lder in 25 lw-and middle-incme cuntries acrss Africa, Latin America and Asia. Overall, abut 18% f participants were classified as water insecurity. This ranged frm abut 15%in Asia t ver 34% in sub-Saharan Africa.
The findings, based n data cllected fr the first time in 2020 by Nrthwestern University and the Fd and Agriculture Organizatin f the United Natins(FAO), suggest that imprving access t water culd be key t sustainably and effectively addressing fd insecurity in many places.
While the study did nt assess the causes f fd r water insecurity, researchers said several factrs culd explain the linkage. Fr thse living in pverty, spending mney n water can mean less mney available fr fd. Fr farmers, water insecurity can mean less water available fr grwing crps and raising livestck. Time is als an issue: Traveling far frm hme t cllect water shifts the time available t generate incme r prepare fd.
Based n these findings, researchers suggested fd insecurity and water insecurity shuld be measured and addressed at the same time. This wuld ensure that insufficient water des nt pse an additinal barrier t fd security and in particular t fd utilizatin (使用), fr example, by preventing peple frm using fd prvided by fd assistance prgrams because there is n water t prepare it. As such, effrts t imprve access t water culd als bring benefits fr fd security.
8. What is the purpse f paragraph 1?
A. T list sme figures.B. T make an estimate.
C. T intrduce the tpic.D. T make a cmparisn.
9. Hw did researchers make their findings?
A. Thrugh experimental test.B. Thrugh ding surveys.
C. Thrugh field research.D. Thrugh data analysis.
10. Hw culd fd insecurity be effectively slved accrding t the text?
A. By bettering water supply.B. By raising fd awareness.
C. By explring water surces.D. By imprving access t fd.
11 What may affect the use f fd frm assistance prgrams?
A. N place t prepare it.B. Lack f water t ck it.
C. N means t transprt it.D. Shrt f mney t buy it.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了世界上水资源不安全的问题。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Abut ne-tenth f the wrld’s ppulatin suffers frm hunger and nearly ne in three peple face fd insecurity, accrding t recent estimates. Yet behind thse striking figures hides anther, clsely related threat: water insecurity.(根据最近的估计，世界上约有十分之一的人口遭受饥饿，近三分之一的人面临粮食不安全。然而，在这些惊人的数字背后隐藏着另一个密切相关的威胁：水资源不安全)”以及后文都是在介绍水资源不安全有关的数据和原因，所以第一段的目的是引出主题。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In a new 25-cuntry study, researchers reprt a strng link between water insecurity, a lack f reliable access t sufficient water, and fd insecurity. The researchers analyzed data frm a natinally representative sample f ver 31, 000 peple ages 15 and lder in 25 lw-and middle-incme cuntries acrss Africa, Latin America and Asia. Overall, abut 18% f participants were classified as water insecurity. This ranged frm abut 15%in Asia t ver 34% in sub-Saharan Africa.(在一项针对25个国家的新研究中，研究人员报告说，水资源不安全、缺乏获得足够水的可靠途径和粮食不安全之间存在密切联系。研究人员分析了来自非洲、拉丁美洲和亚洲25个低收入和中等收入国家的31000多名15岁及以上的全国代表性样本的数据。总体而言，约18%的参与者被归类为水资源不安全。这一比例从亚洲的15%到撒哈拉以南非洲的34%以上不等)”可知，研究人员是通过数据分析来得出他们的发现的。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The findings, based n data cllected fr the first time in 2020 by Nrthwestern University and the Fd and Agriculture Organizatin f the United Natins(FAO), suggest that imprving access t water culd be key t sustainably and effectively addressing fd insecurity in many places.(根据西北大学和联合国粮食及农业组织于2020年首次收集数据，这些发现表明，改善水资源获取可能是可持续和有效解决许多地方粮食不安全问题的关键)”可知，根据文章，通过改善供水可以有效地解决粮食不安全问题。故选A项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This wuld ensure that insufficient water des nt pse an additinal barrier t fd security and in particular t fd utilizatin, fr example, by preventing peple frm using fd prvided by fd assistance prgrams because there is n water t prepare it.(这将确保缺水不会对粮食安全，特别是对粮食利用造成额外的障碍，例如，防止人们因为没有水来准备而使用粮食援助项目提供的食物)”可知，缺少烹饪的水会影响援助项目中食物的使用。故选B项。
D
Imagine a team f humans and rbts wrking tgether t prcess nline rders. Real-life wrkers strategically psitined amng their autmated cwrkers wh are mving intelligently back and frth in a warehuse (仓库)space, picking items fr shipping t the custmer.
This culd becme a reality sner r later thanks t researchers at the University f Missuri, wh are wrking t speed up the nline delivery prcess by develping a sftware mdel designed t make transprt rbts smarter.
“The rbtic technlgy already exists,” said Sharan Srinivas, wh specializes in data analytics and peratins research. “Our gal is t best apply this technlgy thrugh efficient planning. T d this, we’re asking questins like ‘given a list f items t pick, hw d yu ptimize (优化)the rute plan fr the human pickers and rbts?’ r ‘hw many items shuld a rbt pick in a given tur?’ Likewise, we have a similar set f questins fr the human wrker. The mst challenging part is ptimizing the cllabratin plan between the human pickers and rbts.”:
Currently, a lt f human effrt and labr csts are invlved with fulfilling nline rders. T help ptimize this prcess, rbtic cmpanies have already develped cperative rbts, als knwn as cbts r autnmus mbile rbts (AMRs), t wrk in a warehuse r distributin center. AMRs are equipped with sensrs and cameras t help them navigate(确定方向)arund a cntrlled space like a warehuse.
Srinivas said, “The rbt is intelligent, s if it’s instructed t g t a particular lcatin, it can navigate the warehuse and nt hit any wrkers r ther bstacles alng the way. AMRs are nt designed t replace human wrkers, but instead can wrk cperatively alngside them t help increase the efficiency f the rder fulfillment prcess.”
“The ne drawback is that these rbts d nt have gd grasping abilities” said Srinivas. “But humans are gd at grasping items, s we are trying t balance the strength f bth resurces.”
12. What des the underlined wrd “cllabratin” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Technlgy.B. Similarity.C. Explratin.D. Cperatin.
13. What is the functin f the sensrs equipped n AMRs?
A. T lk cl.B. T sense warnings.
C. T direct AMRs’ way.D. T find human wrkers.
14. What are AMRs bad at?
A. Jumping.B. Climbing.C. Walking.D. Hlding.
15. Which can be the best title fr the text?
A. The Simple Use f Rbts
B. Warehuse Wrkers and Rbts
C. Making Transprt Rbts Smarter
D. Transprt Rbts Invented by Sharan
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了密苏里大学的研究人员正在开发一种软件模型，旨在使运输机器人更智能，从而加快在线运输过程。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“T help ptimize this prcess, rbtic cmpanies have already develped cperative rbts, als knwn as cbts r autnmus mbile rbts (AMRs), t wrk in a warehuse r distributin center.(为了帮助优化这一过程，机器人公司已经开发了协作机器人，也被称为协作机器人或自主移动机器人(amr)，在仓库或配送中心工作)”可知，机器人公司为了优化这一过程，开发了协作机器人，而这一过程就是划线单词所在句子所提到的问题，所以可推测cllabratin应该是合作之意和D项Cperatin意思相近。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“AMRs are equipped with sensrs and cameras t help them navigate(确定方向)arund a cntrlled space like a warehuse.(AMR配备了传感器和摄像头，以帮助它们在像仓库这样的受控空间内导航)”可知，AMRs上配备的传感器的功能是指引方向。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段““The ne drawback is that these rbts d nt have gd grasping abilities,” said Srinivas. “But humans are gd at grasping items, s we are trying t balance the strength f bth resurces.”(“一个缺点是这些机器人没有很好的抓取能力，”斯里尼瓦斯说。“但人类擅长抓东西，所以我们正试图平衡这两种资源的优势。”)”可知，AMRs的缺点是没有很好的抓取能力。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Imagine a team f humans and rbts wrking tgether t prcess nline rders. Real-life wrkers strategically psitined amng their autmated cwrkers wh are mving intelligently back and frth in a warehuse (仓库)space, picking items fr shipping t the custmer.(想象一下，一个由人类和机器人组成的团队共同处理在线订单。真实的员工策略性地定位于他们的自动化同事之间，这些自动化同事在仓库空间中智能地来回移动，挑选物品运送给客户)”以及第二段“This culd becme a reality sner r later thanks t researchers at the University f Missuri, wh are wrking t speed up the nline delivery prcess by develping a sftware mdel designed t make transprt rbts smarter.(这迟早会成为现实，这要感谢密苏里大学的研究人员，他们正在开发一种软件模型，旨在使运输机器人更智能，从而加快在线运输过程)”可知，本文主要介绍了使运输机器人更加的智能，所以C项“Making Transprt Rbts Smarter(让运输机器人更智能)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have yu ever felt stressed? Well, yu are nt alne, as every persn in the wrld has t face stress at ne time r anther. Stress is part f life. ____16____ Here are sme strategies fr dealing with stress and pressure.
Mst f the time, stress is a result f feeling verwrked. ____17____ Fr example, yu culd keep a daily rganizer and plan yur activities. Get yur pririties straight and fcus n things that are really imprtant. D nt get caught up in minr issues that nly create additinal wrk fr yu. Break tasks dwn int manageable bits and tackle them ne by ne r step by step.
____18____ Ding things that yu like such as listening t music, taking a walk, r reading a bk can take yur mind ff things that bther yu. Even ding nthing at all can be beneficial. After a shrt break, yu will feel refreshed and mre able t tackle a prblem r a piece f wrk.
Finally, d nt set standards t high. They’ll lead t dissatisfactin and pressure. If yu aim fr perfectin all the time, yu will end up frustrated and stressed ut. ____19____ If yu are t uptight abut smething, yu will nt be able t think clearly and make gd decisins. Fcus n what has already been dne and what is gd. Then, negative stressful feelings will disappear.
In cnclusin, stress may be unavidable but it needn’t make life miserable fr yu. There are many ways t reduce and deal with stress such as the three strategies shared here. ____20____
A. Prper plan als helps yu avid the stress.
B. It is essential t learn hw t deal with stress.
C. Learn t let g and lk at the psitive side f things.
D. Besides, taking time t relax can help yu ease stress.
E. Stress is smething that makes yu learn mre abut life.
F. Keeping yurself rganized helps yu get rid f the feeling.
G Learn these ways r try t find ther ways t cntrl the stress.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何处理压力。
【16题详解】
空格处承上启下。上文“Stress is part f life. (压力是生活的一部分。)”说明的是压力是生活的一部分。下文“Here are sme strategies fr dealing with stress and pressure. (这里有一些应对压力的策略。)”说明的是本文介绍的是应对压力的策略。B项“学会如何处理压力是很重要的。”说明的是应正确处理压力，承接上文，引出下文。故选B。
【17题详解】
空格处承上启下。上文“Mst f the time, stress is a result f feeling verwrked. (大多数时候，压力是劳累过度的结果。)”说明的是有时压力产生的理由是过度劳累。下文“Fr example, yu culd keep a daily rganizer and plan yur activities. (例如，你可以组织和计划一下你的活动。)”说明的是应对日常生活进行计划和组织。F项“让自己有条理可以帮助你摆脱这种感觉。”说明的是让自己井井有条进行组织和计划。承接上文，引出下文。故选F。
【18题详解】
空格处引出下文。下文“Ding things that yu like such as listening t music, taking a walk, r reading a bk can take yur mind ff things that bther yu. (做一些你喜欢的事情，比如听音乐、散步或读书，可以让你的思绪从困扰你的事情中解脱出来。)”说明的是一些放松的方式。选项D“此外，花时间放松可以帮助你缓解压力。”说明的是放松可以减轻压力，作为本段的首局，引出下文。故选D。
【19题详解】
空格处承上启下。上文“If yu aim fr perfectin all the time, yu will end up frustrated and stressed ut. (如果你总是追求完美，你最终会感到沮丧和压力。)”说明的是追求完美会产生压力。下文“If yu are t uptight abut smething, yu will nt be able t think clearly and make gd decisins. Fcus n what has already been dne and what is gd. Then, negative stressful feelings will disappear. (如果你对某事过于紧张，你将无法清晰地思考并做出正确的决定。把注意力集中在已经完成的和好的方面。然后，负面的压力感就会消失。)”说明的是应关注积极的方面。所以空格处应该是让我们学会积极面对。选项C“学会放手，看到事物积极的一面。”承上启下，符合文意。故选C。
【20题详解】
空格处承接上文，总结全文。上文“There are many ways t reduce and deal with stress such as the three strategies shared here. (有很多方法可以减少和处理压力，比如这里分享的三个策略。)”说明有很多方法处理压力。选项G“学习这些方法或尝试寻找其他方法来控制压力。”，说明的是用这些方法来缓解压力，“these ways”指的是上文中提到的方法，G项承接上文，对全文作出总结，符合文意。故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a parent f grwn children, I have cme t realize that many things ccurred during thse child-rearing years that I knew nthing abut.
At ne gathering, my third child, Shelly, ____21____talking abut her hair. She has always had beautiful hair. She said she had red highlights (挑染的头发) in her hair when she was yunger. We believed her because we all____22____ that. Fr this discvery, she brught her hair clr t ur____23____ . Shelly laughed with us at the____24____and then said alud hw interesting it was that she hadn’t seen any highlights in many years.
Snickering (窃笑)____25____frm acrss the rm. We all turned t lk at the___26___ . My yungest tw girls were sharing wide-eyed____27____and giggles (傻笑).
“Okay, what is s____28____?” I asked them, my lk demanding a(n)____29____. With laughter, they finally shared the_____30_____f a stry that had us all laughing heartily.
Frm their childhd, tw f their gd friends ften played tgether at ur huse. One day, the fur girls,_____31_____ in age frm seven t ten years at the time, decided t frm a_____32_____business. The girls gathered_____33_____things frm the surrunding frest t cmbine, _____34_____t make a new perfume. They biled pine needles, wild-flwers, and whatever they fund in a pt f water. Then they decided t _____35_____the perfume int a shamp bttle, Shelly’s shamp bttle. Realizing that the strawberry-clred_____36_____lked different after adding their mixture, they decided t add_____37_____fd clring. They tld us hw they rushed each mrning t Shelly’s shwer in rder t shake up the bttle and_____38_____the clr thrughut nce again. They were terrified f the discvery.
Shelly’s face whitened with_____39_____and then reddened with embarrassment befre sftening int humr. “Well,” she said, after a mment, “I guess that_____40_____it.”
21. A. beganB. frgtC. avidedD. admitted
22. A. arguedB. pretendedC. regrettedD. remembered
23. A. sufferingB. attentinC. inabilityD. determinatin
24. A. prjectB. flameC. memryD. picture
25. A. tk ffB. brke utC. set upD. went away
26. A. surceB. crackC. destinatinD. invader
27. A. tuchesB. feelsC. sundsD. lks
28. A. funnyB. impliteC. willingD. psitive
29. A. rewardB. invitatinC. answerD. debate
30. A. charactersB. detailsC. cpiesD. heres
31. A. standingB. develpingC. cuntingD. ranging
32. A. paintB. ckingC. beautyD. wd
33. A. variusB. valuableC. extinctD. dangerus
34. A. fferingB. attemptingC. designingD. vlunteering
35. A. clseB. takeC. getD. put
36. A. cntentsB. cntainerC. ingredientsD. decratins
37. A. blackB. whiteC. redD. range
38. A. divideB. distributeC. releaseD. switch
39. A. delightB. prideC. surpriseD. anger
40. A. affirmsB. survivesC. explainsD. determines
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作为一个成年孩子的父母，作者开始意识到，在养育孩子的岁月里，发生了许多她一无所知的事情。作者的孩子给她讲述了她们小时候发生的一件有趣的事情。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一次聚会上，我的第三个孩子雪莉开始谈论她的头发。A. began开始；B. frgt忘记；C. avided避免；D. admitted准许……加入。根据下文“She has always had beautiful hair. She said she had red highlights (挑染的头发) in her hair when she was yunger.”可知，雪莉开始谈论她的头发。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们相信她，因为我们都记得。A. argued争论；B. pretended假装；C. regretted后悔；D. remembered记得。根据上文“She said she had red highlights (挑染的头发) in her hair when she was yunger. We believed her”可知，雪莉说她小时候有红色挑染的头发，我们都相信，说明我们都记得这件事情。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了这个发现，她让我们注意到她的发色。A. suffering痛苦；B. attentin注意；C. inability无能；D. determinatin确定，决心。根据上文“She said she had red highlights (挑染的头发) in her hair when she was yunger.”可知，雪莉在谈论她头发的颜色，她让我们注意到她的发色。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：想起这段往事，雪莉和我们一起笑了起来，然后大声说，她已经很多年没有看到任何挑染的头发了，这是多么有趣啊。A. prject项目；B. flame火焰；C. memry回忆；D. picture图片。根据上文“She said she had red highlights (挑染的头发) in her hair when she was yunger.”及下文“then said alud hw interesting it was that she hadn’t seen any highlights in many years.”可知，雪莉和我们在回想这段往事，即那段回忆。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：房间的另一头爆发出窃笑声。A. tk ff起飞；B. brke ut爆发；C. set up设置；D. went away离开。根据上文“Snickering (窃笑)”及下文“My yungest tw girls were sharing wide-eyed____7____and giggles (傻笑).”可知，此处指房间的另一头爆发出窃笑声。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都转过头去看源头。A. surce来源；B. crack裂纹；C. destinatin目的地；D. invader入侵者。根据上文“Snickering (窃笑)____5____frm acrss the rm. We all turned t lk at”可知，我们都转过头去看窃笑声的源头。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最小的两个女儿瞪着大大的眼睛，咯咯地笑着。A. tuches触觉；B. feels感觉；C. sunds声音；D. lks表情。根据上文“My yungest tw girls were sharing wide-eyed”可知，此处指一种表情。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：好吧，是什么这么可笑？A. funny可笑的；B. implite不礼貌的；C. willing愿意的；D. psitive积极的。根据上文“My yungest tw girls were sharing wide-eyed____7____and giggles (傻笑).”及下文“I asked them”可知，此处在问她们傻笑的原因，应该是问“是什么这么可笑？”故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我问她们，脸上的表情要求一个答案。A. reward奖励；B. invitatin邀请；C. answer答案；D. debate辩论。根据上文““Okay, what is s____8____?” I asked them,”可知，我想要她们给出一个答案。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，她们笑着分享了一个让我们开怀大笑的故事的细节。A. characters字符；B. details细节；C. cpies复印件；D. heres英雄。根据下文内容可知，她们笑着分享了一个让我们开怀大笑的故事的细节。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，四个女孩，当时年龄从7岁到10岁不等，决定成立一家美容公司。A. standing站立；B. develping发展；C. cunting计数；D. ranging(在一定的范围内)变化。根据下文“in age frm seven t ten years at the time”可知，当时年龄从7岁到10岁不等。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，四个女孩，当时年龄从7岁到10岁不等，决定成立一家美容公司。A. paint油漆；B. cking烹饪；C. beauty美容；D. wd木材。根据下文“The girls gathered____13____things frm the surrunding frest t cmbine, ____14____t make a new perfume.”可知，这些女孩试图制作香水，应该是玩开美容公司的游戏。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女孩们从周围的森林里收集了各种各样的东西来组合，试图制造一种新的香水。A. varius各种各样的；B. valuable有价值的；C. extinct灭绝的；D. dangerus危险的。根据下文“They biled pine needles, wild-flwers, and whatever they fund in a pt f water.”可知，女孩们从周围的森林里收集了各种各样的东西来组合。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩们从周围的森林里收集了各种各样的东西来组合，试图制造一种新的香水。A. ffering提供；B. attempting试图；C. designing设计；D. vlunteering志愿。根据下文“t make a new perfume. They biled pine needles, wild-flwers, and whatever they fund in a pt f water.”可知，这些女孩试图制作香水。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她们决定把香水放进一个洗发水瓶子里，雪莉的洗发水瓶子。A. clse关闭；B. take服用；C. get得到；D. put放。根据下文“the perfume int a shamp bttle, Shelly’s shamp bttle.”可知，她们决定把制作的香水放进一个洗发水瓶子里。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她们意识到加入混合物后草莓色的东西看起来不一样时，她们决定添加红色食用色素。A. cntents所含物；B. cntainer集装箱；C. ingredients成分；D. decratins装饰品。根据下文“lked different after adding their mixture”可知，加入混合物后草莓色的东西看起来不一样了。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她们意识到加入混合物后草莓色的东西看起来不一样时，她们决定添加红色食用色素。A. black黑色的；B. white白色的；C. red红色的；D. range橙色的。根据上文“She said she had red highlights (挑染的头发) in her hair when she was yunger.”可知，她们添加的食用色素是红色的。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们告诉我们，每天早上她们是如何冲到雪莉的淋浴间，把瓶子摇一摇，再一次把颜色布满整个瓶子。A. divide分割；B. distribute散布；C. release释放；D. switch转换。根据上文“shake up the bttle”及常识可知，把瓶子里的东西摇一摇，里面的东西就会散布到整个瓶子，即颜色布满整个瓶子。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：雪莉的脸因愤怒而变白，然后又因尴尬而变红，最后又变得幽默起来。A. delight高兴；B. pride自豪感；C. surprise惊喜；D. anger愤怒。根据上文“Shelly’s face whitened”及下文“then reddened with embarrassment”可知，雪莉得知了真相后，她的脸因愤怒而变白。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“好吧，”过了一会儿，她说，“我想这就解释了。”A. affirms肯定；B. survives存活；C. explains解释；D. determines决定。根据上文“She said she had red highlights (挑染的头发) in her hair when she was yunger.”及“Shelly laughed with us at the____4____and then said alud hw interesting it was that she hadn’t seen any highlights in many years.”可知，现在雪莉知道为什么好多年没有红色的挑染头发了，这就解释了。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has launched the CR450 science and technlgy innvatin prject ____41____ (develp)an even faster train. Accrding t the natinal plan, a mre advanced bullet train, with a tp perating speed f 400 kilmeters per hur and an ____42____ (experiment)speed f up t 450 km per hur, the CR450 wuld sn be revealed.
By the end f 2022, China’s transprtatin netwrk ____43____ (grw)t cver mre than 6 millin kilmeters. Frm 2018 t 2022, China’s transprtatin sectr (部门)saw investments fl7 trillin yuan in fixed assets(固定资产), fficials said at ____44____ news cnference.
By the end f 2022, China’s railway netwrk had cvered 155, 000 km, f which 42, 000 km were high-speed railways, ____45____ (accunt)fr mre than tw-thirds f the wrld’s high-speed railways. In additin, China has develped the wrld’s ____46____ (large)rad netwrk, which cvers 5. 35 millin kilmeters, f which 177, 000 km are freeways. China, ____47____ als has 128, 000 km f inland waterways and 21, 000 berths (泊位), can accmmdate industrial prductin.
Fifty-three cities have city metr transprtatin systems, with ____48____ (they)peratins cvering a ttal f 9, 584 km. Nearly all administrative villages, twns and cunties have access ____49____ hardened rads and bus services. Pst _____50_____(ffice)are established in all twns.
【答案】41. t develp
42. experimental
43. had grwn
44. a 45. accunting
46. largest
47. which 48. their
49. t 50. ffices
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了中国启动了CR450科技创新项目，以开发更快的列车。根据国家计划，一种更先进的子弹头列车，最高运行速度为每小时400公里，实验速度高达每小时450公里，CR450将很快揭晓。
【41题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：中国启动了CR450科技创新项目，以开发更快的列车。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式t d表示“为了……”作目的状语。故填t develp。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：根据国家计划，一种更先进的子弹头列车，最高运行速度为每小时400公里，实验速度高达每小时450公里，CR450将很快揭晓。由空后speed为名词可知，此处为形容词experimental表示“实验性的”作定语修饰该名词。故填experimental。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：到2022年底，中国的交通网络已发展到600多万公里。由时间状语By the end f 2022表示截至到过去的时间点之前可知，此处应为过去完成时。故填had grwn。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：官员们在新闻发布会上说，从2018年到2022年，中国交通运输部门的固定资产投资达到了7万亿元。根据句意以及空后news cnference为单数意义名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一次新闻发布会”，结合news为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：截至2022年底，中国铁路网总里程15.5万公里，其中高速铁路4.2万公里，占世界高速铁路总里程的三分之二以上。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，定语从句和动词短语accunt fr为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填accunting。
【46题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：此外，中国还建成了世界上最大的公路网，总长535万公里，其中高速公路17.7万公里。根据句意以及空前the wrld’s可知，此处应为形容词最高级形式，表示“世界上最大的公路网”，满足句意要求。故填largest。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国还拥有12.8万公里的内河航道和2.1万个泊位，可以容纳工业生产。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是China，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
【48题详解】
考查代词。句意：53个城市拥有城市地铁系统，运营总长9584公里。由空后peratins为名词可知，此处应为形容词性物主代词修饰该名词。故填their。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：几乎所有行政村、镇、县都通了硬化公路和公交。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语have access t“具有使用某物或接触某人的权利或机会”。故填t。
【50题详解】
考查名词复数形式。句意：所有城镇都建立了邮局。由该句谓语动词为are可知，主语应为复数名词。故填ffices。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As senir high schl students, we ften imagine why we will d in the future. Fr me, I expect myself t having a gd knwledge f Chinese s that I can be a Chinese teacher wrked in an English-speaking cuntry. First, I’m a hnest and utging by with great patience. That is what make a qualified teacher. Besides, I can speak English fluent, which is a must-have skill fr cmmunicating with children that native language is English. In additin, teachers generally respected. But what it is the mst imprtant fr me t take up this jb is that I can share Chinese culture and custms with freigner and help them gain a better understanding f China.
【答案】1. why→what 2. having→have 3.wrked→wrking 4.a→an
5.makes→make 6.fluent→fluently 7.that→whse 8.teachers后加are
9.删除it 10.freigner→freigners
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。作者通过介绍自己的个性特点、语言能力和动机，表达了自己希望成为在英语国家工作的中文教师的愿望。
【详解】1.考查宾语从句。句意：作为高中生，我们经常想象自己的未来会使什么样子。分析可知本句为宾语从句，从句引导词表示“什么”之意，故将why改为what。
2.考查不定式。句意：对我来说，我希望自己有很好的中文知识，这样我就可以成为一名在英语国家工作的中文老师。expect sb t d sth表示“期望某人做某事”，故将having改为have。
3.考查现在分词。句意：对我来说，我希望自己有很好的中文知识，这样我就可以成为一名在英语国家工作的中文老师。分析可知主语I与wrk为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语，故将wrked改为wrking。
4.考查冠词。句意：首先，我是一个诚实外向的男孩，很有耐心。hnest为元音音素开头的单词，故将a该为an。
5.考查主谓一致。句意：这就是合格教师的素质。主语what为单三，故将make改为makes。
6.考查副词。句意：此外，我可以说一口流利的英语，这是与母语为英语的孩子交流的必备技能。修饰动词speak 用副词，故将fluent改为fluently。
7.考查定语从句。句意：此外，我可以说一口流利的英语，这是与母语为英语的孩子交流的必备技能。分析可知本句为定语从句，先行词为children，引导词后为名词native language，与先行词之间为从属关系，故将that改为whse。
8.考查被动语态。句意：此外，教师普遍受到尊重。teachers为复数，结合句意可知为一般现在时的被动语态，故在teachers后加are。
9.考查代词。句意：但对我来说，从事这份工作最重要的是我可以与外国人分享中国文化和习俗，帮助他们更好地了解中国。分析可知本句为主语从句，what为主语，代词it多余，故将it删除。
10.考查名词复数。句意：但对我来说，从事这份工作最重要的是我可以与外国人分享中国文化和习俗，帮助他们更好地了解中国。根据them可知，前文freigner应为复数形式，故将freigner改为freigners。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，你计划在假期读一些英语文章。请给你的外国朋友Jack发一封电子邮件，请他给你推荐一些英文网站，内容包括：
1. 告知朋友你的计划；
2. 请他帮忙推荐网站。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jack,
Hw are yu ging? I am writing t let yu knw that I am planning t read sme English magazines and newspapers during the cming hliday, by which I can bth widen my hrizns and expand my scpe f knwledge. As yu are a native speaker and experienced in English learning, I wuld greatly appreciate it if yu culd help me by recmmending sme useful English websites.
I am particularly interested in websites that cver current affairs, culture and lifestyle, as well as thse that prvide useful vcabulary and grammar resurces. Yur suggestins wuld be f great help t me. I am lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，你计划在假期读一些英语文章。请给你的外国朋友Jack发一封电子邮件，请他给你推荐一些英文网站。
【详解】1.词汇积累
拓宽：widen→braden
帮助某人：help sb.→give sb. a hand
尤其：particularly→especially
有用的：useful→practical
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Yur suggestins wuld be f great help t me. I am lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
拓展句：Because yur suggestins wuld be f great help t me, I am lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am writing t let yu knw that I am planning t read sme English magazines and newspapers during the cming hliday, by which I can bth widen my hrizns and expand my scpe f knwledge. (运用了that引导的宾语从句及by which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] As yu are a native speaker and experienced in English learning, I wuld greatly appreciate it if yu culd help me by recmmending sme useful English websites. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句及if引导的条件状语从句)
听力答案：1~5 BCABC 6~10 CACAB 11~15 CBBAB 16~20 ABCAC
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