四川省成都市第七中学2023-2024学年高二上学期备考期末英语模拟试卷4（Word版附解析）

这是一份四川省成都市第七中学2023-2024学年高二上学期备考期末英语模拟试卷4（Word版附解析），共20页。
考试时间：120分钟 总分：150分
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读［共两节，满分50分］
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A篇
Best Internatinal Phtgraphy Cntests t Enter
RHS Phtgraphic Cmpetitin
If yu are interested in taking phts f yur garden, enter this flwer-pht-friendly cntest, which includes categries fr 11-year-lds t 17-year-lds and even kids under 11 years ld. This pht cmpetitin is rganized by the Ryal Hrticultural Sciety, which is intended fr phtgraphers, hrticulturalists and garden lvers.
Entry Fee: Free
Prize: $6,000 fr each winner f first prize
Istanbul Pht Awards
Organized by the Anadlu Agency, the internatinal news phtgraphy cntest aims t develp the news phtgraphy area and seeks t reward hard-wrking news phtgraphers arund the wrld. The categries in this cntest are Pht f the Year, Single News, Stry News, Single Sprts and Stry Sprts
Entry Fee: Free
Prize: $8,000 fr Pht f the Year and first prize in Single News Categry. The first prize in ther categries is $5,000
ZEISS Phtgraphy Award
ZEISS Phtgraphy Award is rganized with the partnership f Zeiss and the Wrld Phtgraphy Organizatin. The phtgraphers are invited t submit phts whse theme is “Seeing Beynd Discveries”. Each phtgrapher has t submit 5 images which have nt been published befre. Winners will be invited t Lndn t participate in the Sny Wrld Phtgraphy Awards exhibitin pening.
Entry Fee: Free
Prize: ZEISS lenses (镜头) f yur chice (wrth 12,000 eurs) and 3,000 eurs t cver travel expenses
Mn Visins Phtgraphy Awards
Leading phtgraphy magazine Mn Visins will award creative expressin in the black and white medium. This black and white phtgraphy cmpetitin is als pen fr amateurs, and phts taken with traditinal r digital media are accepted. The tw sectins f the cmpetitin are Black and White Series f the Year and Black and White Pht f the Year.
Entry Fee: $20 fr a single pht; $25 fr a series (maximum 8 phts with a cmmn cncept)
Prize: $2,000 fr the tp single; $3,000 fr the tp series
1. If yu are a garden lver, which cntest shuld yu enter?
A. ZEISS Phtgraphy Award.B. Mn Visins Phtgraphy Awards.
C. RHS Phtgraphic Cmpetitin.D. Istanbul Pht Awards.
2. What are the participants f ZEISS Phtgraphy Award required t d?
A. Pay fr their entry.B. Use digital media.
C. Submit unpublished images.D. Prvide means f identificatin.
3. What is special abut Mn Visins Phtgraphy Awards?
A. It charges an entry fee.B. It has an age limit.
C. It ffers the highest prize.D. It is jintly rganized.
【答案】1 C 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国际摄影比赛的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据RHS Phtgraphic Cmpetitin部分中的“This pht cmpetitin is rganized by the Ryal Hrticultural Sciety, which is intended fr phtgraphers, hrticulturalists and garden lvers.(本次摄影比赛由英国皇家园艺学会组织，专为摄影师、园艺师和园艺爱好者举办)”可知如果你是一个园艺爱好者，你应该参加RHS Phtgraphic Cmpetitin。故选C。
2题详解】
细节理解题。根据ZEISS Phtgraphy Award部分中的“Each phtgrapher has t submit 5~10 images which have nt been published befre.(每个摄影师必须提交5~10张以前没有发表过的照片)”可知ZEISS Phtgraphy Award的参赛者需要提交以前未发表过的照片。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据四个比赛的Entry Fee部分可知，只有Mn Visins Phtgraphy Awards要求参赛者缴纳参赛费。故选A。
B篇
Chngqing, a city f mre than 32 millin peple, faced an unheard-f test this summer with a heat wave and drught causing a series f large wildfires since Aug 17.
Lcal residents have safeguarded their hmetwn in every way pssible, with thusands f vlunteers frm all walks f life fighting the fires with prfessinals.
Under a very ht sun, sme residents used chain saws(锯) t fell trees t make fire barriers. Others rde mtrcycles n newly frmed paths t take firefighters and supplies up a muntain, while sme vlunteers carried fd and drinks n their backs by ft. Wmen and children helped rganize supplies and clear the grund, and perfrmed ther essential tasks.
On Thursday night, as wildfires apprached a man-made barrier n Jinyun Muntain in Beibei district, a ttal f mre than 1000 firefighters and vlunteers std alngside the barrier with fire extinguishers. Seen frm verhead, their lights frmed a silver wall against the raging fire.
The residents’ stries have tuched many peple.
“Chngqing peple are really amazing.“ said Du Hailang, head f the Beijing Emergency Rescue Assciatin, an NGO funded in 2007 that has taken part in many verseas rescue peratins. Du and 10 ther members f the assciatin jined the fire rescue team in Chngqing last week.
“The man-made wall was unbelievable, but shcking. It really shwed Chinese peple’s determinatin t defend their hmeland.” Du said.
The utstanding wrk f the vlunteers and the hspitality f lcal residents impressed the firefighters, t···
Bai Xueguang, frm Gansu Frest Fire Brigade, said, “I never imagined that I wuld have ice cream and cld drinks at a fire rescue site.”
Zhu Hngyu, frm Yunnan Frest Fire Brigade, said every vlunteer he met at the scene asked him if he needed anything “It was the first time I had taken a mtrcycle t reach a fire scene. We really appreciate the lcals’ hspitality. Their supprt has been wnderful.” Zhu said.
4. What test that never had happened befre did Chngqing face this summer?
A. A heat wave.B. Drught.C. WildfiresD. Fld.
5. Why did the lcal residents actively participate in fighting the fires?
A. T shw their enthusiasm.B. T impress prfessinal firefighters.
C. T get paid frm it.D. T prtect their hmeland.
6. Which f the fllwing best describes the vlunteers in the fight against wildfires?
A. Respnsible and helpfulB. Enthusiastic and faithful
C. Reliable and hnestD. Ambitius and determined
7. What can we learn frm the reprt?
A. N pains, n gains.B. Hard wrk pays ff.
C. Lve breaks dwn barriers.D. Many hands make light wrk.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述今天夏天重庆当地志愿者积极参与对抗森林野火保护家园的事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Chngqing, a city f mre than 32 millin peple, faced an unheard-f test this summer with a heat wave and drught causing a series f large wildfires since Aug 17.(重庆是一座拥有3200多万人口的城市，今年夏天面临前所未有的考验，热浪和干旱导致自8月17日以来的一系列大规模野火。)”可知，重庆第一次面临森林野火的考验。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“Lcal residents have safeguarded their hmetwn in every way pssible, with thusands f vlunteers frm all walks f life fighting the fires with prfessinals.(当地居民尽一切可能保护家乡，数千名来自各行各业的志愿者与专业人员一起救火。)”可知，当地居民积极参加救火是为了保护家乡。故选D项。
6题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“Under a very ht sun, sme residents used chain saws(锯) t fell trees t make fire barriers. Others rde mtrcycles n newly frmed paths t take firefighters and supplies up a muntain, while sme vlunteers carried fd and drinks n their backs by ft. Wmen and children helped rganize supplies and clear the grund, and perfrmed ther essential tasks.(在炎热的阳光下，一些居民用链锯砍树以制作防火屏障。其他人骑着摩托车走在新形成的道路上，带着消防员和补给上山，而一些志愿者则徒步背着食物和饮料。妇女和儿童帮助组织供应品和清理场地，并执行其他重要任务。)”可知，这些志愿者在救火工作中是非常负责的，且有帮助的。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Chngqing, a city f mre than 32 millin peple, faced an unheard-f test this summer with a heat wave and drught causing a series f large wildfires since Aug 17.(重庆是一座拥有3200多万人口城市，今年夏天面临前所未有的考验，热浪和干旱导致自8月17日以来的一系列大规模野火。)”以及后文可知，文章主要讲今天夏天重庆当地志愿者积极参与对抗森林野火保护家园的故事。所以D项“Many hands make light wrk.(众人拾柴火焰高。)”符合文意。故选D项。
C篇
Many cities in the United States culd grw their wn fd lcally, raising enugh crps and cattle t meet the needs f all residents. This is the finding f an interesting new mdeling study frm Tufts University, which analyzed the ptential fr lcal fd prductin in 378 areas acrss the US and expected fd prductin.
The researchers fund that cities in the Nrthwest in the United States had the greatest ptential t raise their wn fd. Cities alng the Eastern seaside and in the Suthwest had the least ptential and wuld nt be able t meet all their wn needs f diet, even if every acre f agricultural land was used fr fd prductin. This makes sense, as many f the cities are castal and lack rm fr agricultural spreading.
The study revealed that the United States have a surplus (多余的) f agricultural land fr feeding the dmestic (国内的) ppulatin. Currently, sme land is used t raise exprt crps, but a fcus n lcal fd prductin wuld start a cnversatin abut hw that land gets used. In the wrds f Peters, lead authr and assciate prfessr at the Friedman Schl f Nutritin Science and Plicy at Tufts, “It wuld be imprtant t make sure plicies fr supprting lcal r reginal fd prductin benefit cnservatin and create pprtunities fr farmers t adpt mre sustainable (可持续的) practices. Plicies shuld als recgnize the ability f the natural resurces in a given lcal r regin and cnsider the supply chain, including ability fr fd prcessing and strage.”
Althugh it’s a far cry frm the current reality, it is a nice thught t imagine cities surrunded by fd prductin peratins that transprt freshly harvested fd t nearby hmes, and then make use f the leftver fd t fertilize fields and generate heat fr greenhuses.
8. The cities alng the Eastern seaside fail t prvide enugh fd because ________.
A. citizens are unwilling t grw crpsB. the methds f fd prductin are wrng
C. they dn’t have enugh land t grw crpsD. their climate limits the agricultural prductin
9. What will the fcus n lcal fd prductin lead t?
A. Mre jb pprtunities fr citizens.B. Mre specific plicies abut using land.
C. Cnversatins with the lcal gvernment.D. A discussin n hw t make use f land.
10. In which sectin can we read this text in a newspaper?
A. Agriculture.B. Entertainment.C. Lifestyle.D. Sprt.
11. What is the best title f this text?
A. The US Gvernment Stps Wasting Fd
B. Many Cities in the US Can Grw Their Own Fd
C. Cities Learn t Grw Fd Frm the Villages
D. Farmers Have Mre Chances t Be Emplyed
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。塔夫茨大学一项有趣的新模型研究的发现美国的许多城市可以在当地种植自己的粮食，种植和养殖足够的庄稼和牲畜，以满足所有居民的需求。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Cities alng the Eastern seaside and in the Suthwest had the least ptential and wuld nt be able t meet all their wn needs f diet, even if every acre f agricultural land was used fr fd prductin. This makes sense, as many f the cities are castal and lack rm fr agricultural spreading.”(东部沿海城市和西南部城市的潜力最小，即使每英亩农田都用于粮食生产，它们也无法满足自身对饮食的全部需求。这是有道理的，因为许多城市都是沿海城市，缺乏农业扩张的空间)可知，东部沿海城市无法提供足够的食物是因为他们没有足够的土地种植庄稼。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Currently, sme land is used t raise exprt crps, but a fcus n lcal fd prductin wuld start a cnversatin abut hw that land gets used.”(目前，一些土地用于种植出口作物，但关注当地粮食生产将引发有关这些土地如何利用的讨论)可知，对当地粮食生产的关注将引发对如何利用土地的讨论。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“This is the finding f an interesting new mdeling study frm Tufts University, which analyzed the ptential fr lcal fd prductin in 378 areas acrss the US and expected fd prductin.”(这是塔夫茨大学一项有趣的新模型研究的发现，该研究分析了美国378个地区的当地粮食生产潜力和预期粮食生产)可知，文章是介绍了一项关于美国农业生产的调查研究，所以应来自一份报纸的农业版块。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Many cities in the United States culd grw their wn fd lcally, raising enugh crps and cattle t meet the needs f all residents.”(美国的许多城市可以在当地种植自己的粮食，种植和养殖足够的庄稼和牲畜，以满足所有居民的需求。)和第二句中的 “This is the finding f an interesting new mdeling study frm Tufts University”(这是塔夫茨大学一项有趣的新模型研究的发现)可知，文章主要是讲一项研究发现美国的许多城市可以在当地种植自己的粮食，种植和养殖足够的庄稼和牲畜，以满足所有居民的需求。故“美国的很多城市可以种植自己的粮食”可以作为最佳标题。故选B。
D篇
When ivry hunters target elephants, the hunters can affect mre than just animal numbers. In Mzambique, past hunting pressure led t an increase f naturally tuskless (无长牙的) elephants in ne park, a study finds.
During 1977 t 1992, peple hunted elephants and ther wildlife fr fd and ivry. This caused the number f these large animals t drp mre than 90 percent in the cuntry’s Grngsa Natinal Park. Recrds shw that as elephant numbers plummeted, the prprtin f tuskless female African savanna elephants rse frm abut 18 percent t 51 percent.
Decades f paching appear t have made tusklessness mre beneficial frm an evlutinary perspective in Grngsa, encuraging the rapid increase f tuskless females with mutatins (变异) in tw tth genes, researchers reprt in Science.
“The rapid killing f tusked individuals changed the makeup f features in the elephant ppulatin in nly tw decades, leaving behind mre tuskless individuals,” say evlutinary bilgist Shane Campbell-Statn and his clleagues. “The tuskless feature is heritable (可继承的), and the evlutinary change in the ppulatin may stick arund fr several generatins at least, even as paching eases.”
The team als analyzed the genetic instructin bks f 18 tusked and tuskless females, zering in n tw genes with mutatins in tuskless females. “In humans, the influence f ne f thse genes can cause tth fragility and the absence f a pair f upper teeth at the frnt f their muth,” Campbell-Statn says, “Abnrmalities in the ther gene’s prtein prduct can cause incrrect frmatin f the tth rt and tth lss.”
Hunting “changing the curse f evlutin” in Grngsa’s elephants, Campbell-Statn says, can have prfund effects thrugh the ecsystem given elephants’ dramatic impact n their surrundings. “Tusks are nt just decrative. They serve a purpse,” he says, detailing hw elephants use tusks t dig fr water and strip tree bark fr fd. “If an elephant desn’t have the tl t d thse things, then what happens?”
12. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the study?
A. Ivry hunters killed elephants fr their tusks.
B. Elephants lst their tusks due t natural evlutin.
C. Hunting affects the number and appearance f elephants.
D. Human activities brught abut great changes t the ecsystem.
13. What des the underlined wrd “plummeted” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Decreased.B. Increased.
C. Remained stable.D. Became Unpredictable.
14. What d we knw abut the tuskless elephants?
A. They have the same genes as the tusked.
B. Their tuskless feature can be passed dwn.
C. Their tuskless feature desn’t exist in males.
D. They have a bilgical advantage ver the tusked.
15. Why des Campbell-Statn mentin the example f human teeth?
A. T explain the cause f gene mutatins.
B. T shw the impact f mutated tth genes.
C. T raise humans’ awareness f prtecting teeth.
D. T call fr actins t prtect tuskless elephants.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍人类捕猎行为影响象群进化，无牙象群体越来越庞大。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When ivry hunters target elephants, the hunters can affect mre than just animal numbers. In Mzambique, past hunting pressure led t an increase f naturally tuskless (无长牙的) elephants in ne park, a study finds.”（象牙捕猎者捕猎象群，对象群带来的影响不仅仅是体现在数量上。研究发现，在莫桑比克，先前的捕猎行为导致一个公园里自然无牙大象的数量增加。）可知，捕猎不仅会影响象群数量，还导致自然无牙象越来越多，即捕猎会影响大象的数量和外观。故选C项。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句子的前一句“This caused the number f these large animals t drp mre than 90 percent in the cuntry’s Grngsa Natinal Park.”（这导致莫桑比克的戈龙戈萨国家公园大象数量减少了90%。），捕猎导致大象数量下降。此处“as elephant numbers plummeted”承接前文提到大象数量下降，所以“plummeted”应指“（数量）下降，减少”。A. Decreased减少；B. Increased增加；C. Remained stable保持稳定；D. Became Unpredictable变得不可预测。则A项“Decreased”与“plummeted”意思一致。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段Shane Campbell-Statn和及其同事说的“The tuskless feature is heritable (可继承的), and the evlutinary change in the ppulatin may stick arund fr several generatins at least, even as paching eases.”（无牙特征是可继承的，而且即使偷猎现象有所缓解，种群进化的这种改变可能至少也会持续几代。）可知，大象的无牙特征是可以遗传给下一代的。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的“In humans, the influence f ne f thse genes can cause tth fragility and the absence f a pair f upper teeth at the frnt f their muth,” Campbell-Statn says, “Abnrmalities in the ther gene’s prtein prduct can cause incrrect frmatin f the tth rt and tth lss.”（Campbell Statn表示：“人类其中一个牙齿基因的影响会导致牙齿变得脆弱，口腔前部缺少一对上牙。另一个基因蛋白质产物发生异常，会导致牙根形成不当和牙齿脱落。）可知，Campbell Statn提到人类牙齿的例子，指出了牙齿基因突变会产生不好的影响。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
D yu suffer frm lw energy? Is it difficult t get ut f bed in the mrning? D yur head and stmach ache? If s, yu culd be experiencing jb burnut. ____16____ —77% f wrkers surveyed by Delitte said they had experienced burnut. And 90% f thse said that stress had negatively impacted their wrk.
Burnut is dangerus. It can lead t mental and physical tiredness, a lss f identity, and feeling a lack f achievement, they harm the bdy ver time. D yu want t get ut f this state? ____17____
One way yu can help relieve burnut is by practicing cmmunicatin. Be clear abut what yu’re feeling, and if yu are being verwrked, discuss it with yur managers r cwrkers. ____18____ Taking time ff is als a gd idea.
While self-care is a tendency these days, it will nt cure burnut. ____19____ Their supprt and cperatin can make yu feel better. Anther alternative is taking part in regular physical activities t get yur mind ff wrk.
____20____ A study cited by The New Yrk Times fund that dctrs wh made time fr entertainments were less likely t experience burnut than thse wh didn’t. A few ideas fr relaxing activities can be yga, meditatin (冥想), r mindfulness.
A. Finally, make time t d things yu lve.
B. As a matter f fact, yu are nt alne.
C. Lastly, be sure t reflect as ften as yu can.
D. Burnut can als develp alng with anxiety.
E. Read n t discver hw t deal with it effectively.
F. Prvide them with ideas that wuld help lighten burnut in the ffice.
G. What can help address the prblem is t see a dctr r meet with friends.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. F 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了职业倦怠的危害，同时也介绍了缓解职业倦怠的方法，如进行沟通、体育锻炼、瑜伽以及冥想等。
【16题详解】
根据后文“77% f wrkers surveyed by Delitte said they had experienced burnut. And 90% f thse said that stress had negatively impacted their wrk.(德勤(Delitte)调查的员工中，77%的人说他们曾经历过倦怠。其中90%的人表示，压力对他们的工作产生了负面影响)”可知，职业倦怠的现象并非个例，很多人都出现了这样的情况。B项“As a matter f fact, yu aren’t alne. (事实上，你并不孤单)”该项提到出现职业倦怠的情况并不是个例，起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选B。
【17题详解】
前文提到“D yu want t get ut f this state? (你想摆脱这样的情况吗？)”以及后文中“One way yu can help relieve burnut is by practicing cmmunicatin. (缓解倦怠的一个方法就是练习沟通)”，同时后文中还提到了如运动、瑜伽、冥想等帮助缓解职业倦怠的方法。由此判断，该段需衔接后文中提到的缓解职业倦怠的方法。E项“Read n t discver hw t deal with it effectively. (继续往下读，看看如何有效地应对它)”该项引出后文中缓解职业倦怠的方法，起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Be clear abut what yu’re feeling, and if yu are being verwrked, discuss it with yur supervisr r cwrkers. (清楚你的感受，如果你工作过度，和你的上司或同事讨论一下)”可知，职业倦怠经常发生在办公室内。F项“Prvide them with ideas that wuld help lighten burnut in the ffice. (为他们提供一些可以帮助减轻工作倦怠的想法)”符合语境，该项中“in the ffice(在办公室)”呼应上文的提到“supervisr(上司)”和“cwrkers(同事)”，该项讲述缓解办公室内产生的职业倦怠的方式。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据前文“While self-care is trending these days, it will nt cure burnut. (虽然自我护理是当今的趋势，但它并不能治愈倦怠)”以及后文中“Their supprt and cperatin can make yu feel better. (他们的支持和合作会让你感觉更好)”可知，职业倦怠并不能通过自己护理得到治愈，而需要通过其他方面的帮助来恢复。G项“What can help address the prblem is t see a dctr r meet with friends. (看医生或见朋友可以帮助解决这个问题)”该项提到可以通过寻求医生和朋友的被帮助来解决职业倦怠的问题。承上启下，符合文意。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后文“A study cited by The New Yrk Times fund that surgens wh made time fr recreatinal activities were less likely t experience burnut than thse wh didn’t. A few ideas fr relaxing activities can be yga, meditatin, r mindfulness. (《纽约时报》援引的一项研究发现，花时间进行娱乐活动的外科医生比那些不这样做的人更不容易感到疲劳。一些放松的活动可以是瑜伽、冥想或正念)”可知，该段讲述了其他一些可以缓解职业倦怠的方法。A项“Finally, make time t d things yu lve. (最后，腾出时间做你喜欢的事情)”符合语境，说明抽时间做喜欢的缓解压力的活动，引出下文的方法的介绍。故选A。
第二部分 语言运用［共两节，满分30分］
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sylvia was mad at her wrk team after trying t get them t finish a jb tha was due that day. “I’m always the ne ding all the wrk,” she said. “And then the team gets the____21____even the peple wh dn’t d anything. It’s really nt____22____.”
British psychlgist Melanie Klein tld her that there’s smething that____23____the feeling: self-centeredness. Lking at the experience in a less self-centered way can help yu manage it____24____. What yu shuld d is step back t see things frm a____25____angle, ne in which we are nt at the center. In fact, yu might think yu already d that and take pride in never being unkind r____26____anther persn.
When Sylvia tk herself ut f the____27____, she fund sme f her teammates were quite____28____and inexpericnced. Maybe they were afraid they wuldn’t be gd enugh t____29____sme f the tasks. She began experimenting with ways t_____30_____their strengths and at the same time t help them d_____31_____they culd be gd at. Team prjects_____32_____, as did team spirit; and within a year, she was_____33_____and made a team leader.
Taking yurself ut f the sptlight (聚光灯) isn’t always easy._____34_____, it is a great way t take prper respnsibility withut bccming_____35_____.
21. A. ideaB. jbC. praiseD. skill
22. A. badB. enughC. smthD. fair
23. A. results inB. gets verC. wipes utD. adds t
24. A. carefullyB. bitterlyC. easilyD. persnally
25. A. saferB. funnierC. strangerD. wider
26. A. cntrllingB. hurtingC. refusingD. helping
27. A. stressB. fightC. centerD. anger
28. A. yungB. energeticC. daringD. brilliant
29. A. grupB. btainC. listD. shulder
30. A. testB. supprtC. ignreD. reject
31. A. wrkB. researchC. exercisesD. sprts
32. A. matteredB. imprvedC. failedD. changed
33. A. punishedB. imitatedC. prmtedD. persuaded
34. A. TherefreB. MeanwhileC. InsteadD. Hwever
35. A. annyedB. shckedC. surprisedD. embarrassed
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sylvia以自我为中心，感觉团队里的工作都是她一个人完成的，其它人只是坐享其成，她很生气。但在心理学家梅勒妮·克莱因帮助下，她开始调整心态，并主动支持队友的优势，并让他们做自己擅长的工作。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后团队得到了表扬，即使是那些什么都没做的人。这真的不公平。A. idea想法；B. jb工作；C. praise表扬，赞美；D. skill技巧。根据上文“I’m always the ne ding all the wrk”和句中“And then the team gets”可推知，Sylvia抱怨说自己一个人完成所有工作，但团队得到表扬。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：然后团队得到了表扬，即使是那些什么都没做的人。这真的不公平。A. bad坏的；B. enugh充足的；C. smth光滑的；D. fair公平的。根据上文“I’m always the ne ding all the wrk”和“And then the team gets the 1 even the peple wh dn’t d anything.”可知，Sylvia感觉团队里的工作都是她一个人完成的，同时其它人坐享其成，跟着受表扬，所以这不公平。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：英国心理学家梅勒妮·克莱因告诉她，有一些东西导致了这种感觉：自我中心。A. results in导致；B. gets ver克服；C. wipes ut消灭；D. adds t加入。根据句中“British psychlgist Melanie Klein”可推知，心理学家在帮助Sylvia分析原因，找是什么导致了她有这种感受。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：用一种不那么以自我为中心的方式来看待这段经历可以帮助你更容易地管理它。A. carefully小心地，仔细地；B. bitterly愤怒地，痛苦地；C. easily容易地；D. persnally就个人而言。根据句中“Lking at the experience in a less self-centered way can help yu”可知，心理学家梅勒妮·克莱因提出了专业的建议，让她更容易管理自己的感受。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你应该做的是退一步，从一个更广阔的角度看问题，一个我们不是在中心的角度。A. safer更安全；B. funnier更有趣的；C. stranger更奇怪的；D. wider宽的，广阔的。根据上文可知，心理学家梅勒妮·克莱因指出Sylvia产生那些想法的原因是“self-centeredness”，即“以自我为中心”；心理学家提出新的看问题的方式“angle, ne in which we are nt at the center”，即“一个不以我们为中心的角度”，与之前“以自我为中心”相比较而言，这一角度不狭隘，是一种更为广阔的角度。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，你可能认为你已经这样做了，并为从未不友善或伤害别人而自豪。A. cntrlling控制；B. hurting伤害；C. refusing拒绝；D. helping帮助。根据句中“unkind”可知，此处指对人不友好或伤害别人。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Sylvia从自我中心中走出来时，她发现她的一些队友相当年轻，缺乏经验。A. stress精神压力；B. fight与……作斗争；C. center中心；D. anger愤怒。根据最后一段“Taking yurself ut f the sptlight (聚光灯) isn’t always easy.”可知，此处指Sylvia从以自我为中心走出来后，对队友有了新的发现，能够理解他们的行为了。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Sylvia从愤怒中走出来时，她发现她的一些队友相当年轻，缺乏经验。A. yung年轻的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. daring勇于冒险的；D. brilliant巧妙的。根据句中“inexpericnced”可推辞，她的一些队友年轻，缺乏经验。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许他们担心自己不够好，无法承担一些任务。A. grup聚集；B. btain得到；C. list列清单；D. shulder承担。根据上文“inexpericnced”和句中“they were afraid they wuldn’t be gd enugh”可知，Sylvia的队友因年轻且缺乏经验，担心自己不够好，无法承担任务。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始尝试各种方法来支持他们的优势，同时帮助他们做他们擅长的工作。A. test测验；B. supprt支持；C. ignre忽视；D. reject拒绝。根据下文“and at the same time t help them ”推知，Sylvia支持同事的优势。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始尝试各种方法来测试他们的优势，同时帮助他们做他们擅长的工作。A. wrk工作；B. research工作；C. exercises练习题；D. sprts运动。根据句中“their strengths”和“they culd be gd at”可知，发现队友的优势后，会帮助他们做他们擅长的工作。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：团队项目得到提高，团队精神得到提升；不到一年，她就升职了，成为了团队领导。A. mattered要紧；B. imprved提高；C. failed失败；D. changed改变。根据上文可知，Sylvia不再生气和抱怨，开始帮助队友找到优势，并让他们做自己擅长的工作，所以团队的项目得到提高。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：团队项目得到提高，团队精神得到提升；不到一年，她就升职了，成为了团队领导。A. punished惩罚；B. imitated模仿；C. prmted升职，晋升；D. persuaded说服。根据句中“made a team leader”可知，Sylvia晋升了。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这是一个很好的方式来承担适当的责任而不生气。A. Therefre因此；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. Instead反而；D. Hwever然而。上文“Taking yurself ut f the sptlight (聚光灯) isn’t always easy”说远离聚光灯，不再以自我为中心并不容易，下文“it is a great way”说它的好处，上下文之间是转折关系。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这是一个很好的方式来承担适当的责任而不生气。A. annyed恼怒的；B. shcked吃惊的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“Sylvia was mad at her wrk team after trying t get them t finish a jb tha was due that day.”可知，Sylvia之前以自我为中心，所以生团队的气，但现在她不再以自我为中心，远离了“聚光灯”，这会让她不那么生气恼怒。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fr mre than 50 years, anyne buying r renting a huse culd lk up hw vulnerable(易受攻击的) ___36___ is t flding. But fr wildfire risk, hmewners were mstly in the dark.
Even with thusands f hmes___37___ (destry) by wildfires every year, mst hmewners ___38___mve receive little r n infrmatin abut the risk they re taking n.
Nw, ___39___nn-prfit research grup is releasing a first f its kind tl fr hmewners. Prduced by First Street Fundatin, the rating tl shws the wildfire risk fr; prperties acrss the lwer 48 states, and shws hw that risk will change as the climate gets htter. The infrmatin will be shwn n Realtr. cm, expanding t ther real estate(不动产) sites later.
The infrmatin fills a gap left by gvernment. Only a handful f states ___40___ (map) where cmmunities are mst at risk t wildfire s far. Federal maps frm the US Frest Service aren’t meant___41___ (use) fr individual prperties.
___42___ (knw) abut wildfire risk may nt necessarily dissuade(劝阻) buyers, ___43___ (especial) where husing is in shrt supply. But wildfire experts say that there are many___44___ (step) hmewners can still take t make their hmes safer, like cutting dwn the trees next____45____the huses and using fire-resistant building materials.
【答案】36. it 37. destryed
38. wh##that
39. a 40. have mapped
41. t be used
42. Knwing
43. especially
44. steps 45. t
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。50多年来，任何购买或租赁房屋的人都会发现房屋在洪水面前有多么脆弱。但对于野火风险，房主们大多不知情。现在，一个非盈利研究小组正在为房主发布第一个此类工具，显示野火风险；该信息将显示网站，之后扩展到其他房地产网站。
【36题详解】
考查人称代词。句意：50多年来，任何购买或租赁房屋的人都会发现房屋在洪水面前有多么脆弱。分析句子可知，空格处应填入人称代词作宾语从句“hw vulnerable(易受攻击的) ___1___ is t flding”的主语，该代词代指上文的名词huse，故应用it。故填it。
37题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：尽管每年都有成千上万的房屋被野火摧毁，但大多数搬家的房主很少或根本没有收到关于他们所面临风险的信息。分析句子可知，空格处应使用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，构成“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。宾语thusands f hmes与动词destry构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用过去分词。故填destryed。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处是限制性定语从句。先行词是mst hmewners，指人，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词wh/that。故填wh/that。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：现在，一个非盈利研究小组正在为房主发布第一个此类工具。分析句子可知，空格处应填入冠词。根据句意，此处指“一个非盈利研究小组”，应用不定冠词。nn-prfit读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：到目前为止，只有少数几个州绘制了社区遭受野火风险最大的地图。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据时间状语s far可知，此处应用现在完成时。map作动词时意为“绘制地图”，主语a handful f states与动词map构成逻辑上的主谓关系。故填have mapped。
【41题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：美国森林局的联邦地图不适用于个人财产。be meant t d是固定结构，意为“注定要……；本应该，必须”。主语Federal maps与use构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用动词不定式的被动结构。故填t be used。
【42题详解】
考查动名词。句意：对野火风险的了解可能不一定会劝阻购房者，尤其是在住房短缺的情况下。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动名词作主语，置于句首首字母应大写。故填Knwing。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语。especial的副词形式为especially，意为“尤其；特别”。故填especially。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：但野火专家表示，房主仍然可以采取许多措施来让他们的房子更安全，比如砍伐房屋旁边的树木，使用防火建筑材料。根据空格前的many可知，空格处应填入名词复数形式。故填steps。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。next t意为“在……旁边”，符合句意。故填t。
第三部分 写作［共两节，满分40分］
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，为了培养学生的灾害应急处理能力，你校将邀请专家就灾害逃生进行演讲。请你写一封邮件，邀请你的英国朋友Jim参加。内容包括：
①演讲时间、地点；
②演讲内容；
③询问意向。
注意：词数80左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jim,
Our schl will invite an expert t deliver a speech abut ways f escaping frm a disaster. I’d like t invite yu t take part.
The speech will take place in the schl hall at 8 next Mnday mrning. It mainly invlves hw t avid harm when disasters like a landslide, a typhn r a blizzard happen. Besides, ways f rescuing neself r thers in an emergency will als be prvided. This will help imprve ur capabilities f escaping frm a disaster.
I wnder if yu can cme and jin us.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封邮件，邀请英国朋友Jim参加有关灾害逃生的演讲。
【详解】1.词汇积累
发表讲话：deliver a speech→ give a speech
参与：take part→ participate
举行：take place→ be held
改善：imprve →strengthen
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, ways f rescuing neself r thers in an emergency will als be prvided. This will help imprve ur capabilities f escaping frm a disaster.
拓展句：Besides, ways f rescuing neself r thers in an emergency will als be prvided, which will help imprve ur capabilities f escaping frm a disaster.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It mainly invlves hw t avid harm when disasters like a landslide, a typhn r a blizzard happen. (使用了when引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】Besides, ways f rescuing neself r thers in an emergency will als be prvided. (使用了动名词充当宾语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
Jacksn did nt feel gd s he stayed at hme frm schl tday. He did nt like t be sick. It was n fun at all. He gt ut f his bed and walked int his brther’s bedrm. Carter, his brther, lved cars. He had them all ver his rm. Jacksn tuched ne f the black tires. He wished Carter was hme. Carter liked t talk abut the mdel cars as he was putting them tgether.
Jacksn left Carter’s rm and walked dwn the hall t the rm his twin sisters shared. Ella liked wearing pretty clthes and Madisn liked riding her hrse. Ella decrated the wall behind her bed with pictures f girls in fancy clthes. A big pster f a hrse was n the wall behind Madisn’s bed. Jacksn turned and walked back ut f the rm.
He walked back dwn the hall and int his little sister’s rm. Sphie was the yungest kid in the family. She lved t dance and yu culd sure tell that frm lking at her rm. A big pster f a ballerina(芭蕾舞女演员)was ver the dresser. She was wearing a funny pink utfit with a special skirt. Sphie tld him what the dress was called, but he culdn’t remember right nw.
As he std there, trying t remember what it was called, he realized all f his brther and sisters’ rms lked like the things they lved. Carter had cars in his rm, Ella fashin, Madisn hrses, and Sphie ballet. Jacksn wndered what his rm said abut him. He walked back dwn the hall and std in the drway f his rm.
注意:
1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Jacksn asked his mm why his rm lked different frm the thers’.
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Paragraph 2:
“A persn desn’t have t like just ne thing. Sme peple, like yu, are just curius abut everything ,” his mm said.
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【答案】Paragraph 1:
Jacksn asked his mm why his rm lked different frm the thers’. His rm was cmpletely in a mess. There was a race track, a plastic hat that was part f a magic trick set and a cuple f plastic dinsaurs. Sme clean clthes were stacked. Feeling a bit upset, Jacksn turned t his mther. “Yu can tell what they like just by lking at their rms. Carter lves cars, Ella lves clthes, and Madisn lves hrses. But lk at my rm. It lks like I dn’t like anything!”
Paragraph 2
“A persn desn’t have t like just ne thing. Sme peple, like yu, are just curius abut everything,” his mm said. “Lking arund yur rm tells me that yu like t race cars, build things, d magic and yu’re even interested in dinsaurs. Curisity is part f human nature. Gd thinkers are excited by new ideas and are eager t explre and investigate them. Yu are a great by! I’m prud f yu!” Hearing mm’s wrds, Jacksn shwed his gratitude as a big smile spread acrss his face.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了杰克逊感觉身体不适，待在家里不去上学，他在家里走遍了兄弟姐妹的房间，发现只有自己的房间是乱糟糟的，好像自己什么都不喜欢，感到很沮丧，最后在妈妈的开导下，重新露出了笑容的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“杰克逊问他的妈妈为什么他的房间看起来和其他人的不一样。”可知，第一段可描写杰克逊房间的样貌并向妈妈倾诉自己不开心的原因。
②由第二段首句内容“妈妈说：“一个人不必只喜欢一件事。有些人，像你一样，对一切都很好奇。””可知，第二段可描写妈妈开导杰克逊，杰克逊意识到自己的特殊，露出了笑容。
2.续写线索：房间模样— —向妈妈倾诉— —妈妈开导— —好奇心的好处— —杰克逊露出笑容
3.词汇激活
行为类
①区别：tell/distinguish
②调查：investigate/research
③成堆：stack/pile up
情绪类
①难过：upset/sad
②感激：gratitude/appreciatin
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Feeling a bit upset, Jacksn turned t his mther. (使用了现在分词充当原因状语)
【高分句型2】Hearing mm’s wrds, Jacksn shwed his gratitude as a big smile spread acrss his face. (使用了现在分词充当时间状语，以及as引导的时间状语从句)