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专题08 动词不定式八大用法（清单） -备战2024年高考英语一轮复习高效复习（全国通用）
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考点清单一、不定式作主语典型用法 P3
考点清单二、不定式作宾语两种典型用法 P3
考点清单三、不定式作宾语补足语四种典型用法 P4
考点清单四、不定式作定语典型用法 P5
考点清单五、不定式作状语三种典型用法 P6
考点清单六、不定式作表语典型用法 P7
考点清单七、不定式的三种典型省略用法 P7
考点清单八、动词不定式的复杂形式 P8
分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题） P9
分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题） P10
分类训练（三）单句改错 （真题模拟） P10
分类训练（四）写作升格（高考书面表达） P11
分类训练（五）语篇运用（外刊原创） P12
（一）中国加强中医药专利保护 P12
（二）中国旅韩大熊猫产下双胞胎 P13
动词不定式考点思维导图
考点清单一、不定式作主语典型用法
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. It tk years f wrk _____________(reduce) the industrial pllutin and clean the water.
2. It’s imprtant fr the figures _____________(update) regularly.
3. When and where t start the prgrams ____________(remain) unknwn.
4. (2019全国III) On ur way t the huse, it was raining s hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng it wuld take __________ (get)there.
【答案与解析】
1. t reduce。It takes sb. time t d sth.是常用句型，不定式短语作真正主语。故答案是t reduce。
2. t be updated。定期更新数据很重要，数据是被更新的，故答案是t be updated。
3. remains。wh-t d短语作主语，谓语用单数。故答案是remains。
4. t get。这是It takes sb time t d sth.句型，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故答案是t get。
考点清单二、不定式作宾语两种典型用法
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
5. They failed _____________(grasp) the imprtance f his wrds.
6. She never seemed ________(care) what the rest f us thught abut her.
7. (2019浙江) One study in America fund that students' grades imprved a little after the schl intrduced unifrms. But sme students didn't want __________ (wear) the unifrm.
【答案与解析】
5. t grasp。fail t d未能做某事。故答案是t grasp。
6. t care。seem t d好像做某事。故答案是t care。
7. t wear。want t d sth表示“想做某事”。故答案是t wear。
frget t d 忘记要去做某事（未做）
frget ding 忘记已经做过某事（已做）
remember t d 记得将要做某事（未做）
remember ding 记得已经做过某事（已做）
regret t d 遗憾去做某事（未做）
regret ding 后悔做过某事（已做）
g n t d 继续做另一件事 （对象变了）
g n ding 继续做正在做的事 （对象不变）
stp t d 停下来去做另一件事 （对象变了）
stp ding 停止做某事 （对象不变）
can’t help t d 不能帮助做某事
can’t help ding 情不自禁做某事
mean t d 打算做某事（未做）
mean ding 意味着做某事 （解释作用）
try t d 努力做某事（不一定成功）
try ding 尝试做某事 （强调尝试和行动）
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
8. If yu think that treating a wman well means always ________(get) her permissin fr things, think again.
9. --Lk! The windw is pen. --I’m srry. I frgt ____________ (clse) it.
10. I remembered _________(lck) the dr befre I left the ffice, but frgt t turn ff the lights.
11. Susan wanted t be independent f her parents. She tried _________(live) alne, but she didn’t like it and mved back hme.
【答案与解析】
8. getting。这里应用mean ding表示“意味着”。故答案是getting。
9. t clse。这里应用frget t d表示“忘记做某事”，强调未做，故答案是t clse。
10. t lck。remember t d表示“记住去做某事”，和后面“忘记去关灯”呼应，故答案是t lck。
11. living。try ding强调“尝试着做了某事”，符合语境要求，故答案是living。
考点清单三、不定式作宾语补足语四种典型用法
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
12. With the wrld changing fast, we have smething new (deal) with by urselves every day.
13. He was bserved ________________(enter) the ffice silently.
14. When I came in I saw him ______________(listen) t music.
【答案与解析】
12. t deal。本句不是have sb d sth句式，而是have sth t d 表示“有某事要做”，不定式短语作定语，故答案是t deal。
13. t enter。bserve sb d sth是固定句型，省略t的不定式作宾语补足语。但在被动语态中t应加上。故答案是t enter。
14. listening。结合语境这里应用see sb ding sth…表示“看见某人正在做某事”。故答案是listening。
要点精讲2：warn类动词(只接t d后作宾补) warn, tell, ask, persuade, expect等。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
15. Passengers are permitted ___________(carry) nly ne piece f hand luggage nt the plane.
16. Energy drinks are nt allwed ____________(make) in Australia but are brught in frm New Zealand.
17. Once his message was delivered, he allwed me________(stay)and watch.
18. They are required ________ (prcess) the fd that we eat, t recver frm injury and fr several ther bdily functins.
19. (2020浙江1月卷)The median (中位数的) age f an American in 1950 was 30—tday it is 41 and is expected____________(increase) t 42 by 2050.
【答案与解析】
15. t carry。permit sb t d sth允许某人做事，故答案是t carry。
16. t be made。allw sb t d sth允许某人做某事，故答案是t be made。
17. t stay。本句考查allw sb t d sth表示“允许某人做某事”。故答案是t stay。
18. t prcess。本题考查require sb t d sth表示“要求某人做某事”。故答案是t prcess。
19. t increase。本题考查expect sb t d sth表示“期待某人做某事”，故答案是t increase。
要点精讲3：用于“with+名词+不定式”，表示一个主动的、将要发生的动作。省略with后构成的“名词/代词+不定式” 构成独立主格结构。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
20. With a lt f difficult prblems ___________(slve), the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
21. I send yu 100 dllars tday, the rest __________(fllw) in a year.
22. With a lt f hmewrk ___________(d), I decided nt t watch the perfrmance with yu.
【答案与解析】
20. t slve。with sth t d是with复合宾语结构，不定式强调将要发生的动作，故答案是t slve。
21. t fllw。本句是省略with后构成的“名词/代词+不定式” 构成独立主格结构。故答案是t fllw。
22. t d。with sth t d是with复合宾语结构，不定式强调将要发生的动作，故答案是t d。
要点精讲4：be said类动词：be said/believed/reprted/knwn t d类句型，可以转化为It is said that…。不定式根据语境还可能用进行式、被动式或完成式。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
23. Rbert is said _____________(study) abrad, but I dn't knw what cuntry he studied in.
24. Plice are searching fr a wman wh is reprted t _____________(miss) since the fld hit the area.
【答案与解析】
23. t have studied。be said t d表示“据说做某事”；what cuntry he studied in暗示该动作已结束，故答案是t have studied。
24. have been missing。since the fld hit the area暗示应用不定式完成式；结合语境又是一种“失踪”状态，故答案是have been missing。
考点清单四、不定式作定语典型用法
要点精讲：1.不定式作定语修饰名词，多表示一个主动的将要发生的动作。
2.不定式与名词之间是主谓关系或动宾关系。
3.若不定式是不及物动词，后边应加上适当的介词。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
25. The meeting___________(hld)nw/_______(hld)yesterday/_________(hld)tmrrw is very imprtant.
26. The airprt _____________(cmplete) next year will help prmte turism in this area.
27. Mr. Green std up in defence f the by, saying that he was nt the ne (blame).
28. (2020浙江) Agriculture gave peple their first experience f the pwer f technlgy ________ (change) lives.
【答案与解析】
25. being; held; t be held。现在分词作定语，表示一个正在进行的动作；过去分词短语作定语表示一个被动的、已发生动作。不定式作定语则多表示一个将要发生的动作。故答案是being; held; t be held。
26. t be cmpleted。不定式作定语则多表示一个将要发生的动作；结合语境应用被动形式，故答案是t be cmpleted。
27. t blame。(be) t blame表示“该受到责备”，主动形式表示被动意义，故答案是t blame。
28. t change。结合语境应用单词不定式作定语。故答案是t change。
考点清单五、不定式作状语三种典型用法
要点精讲1：不定式作目的状语，多用于t d, s as t d, in rder t d结构。注意逻辑主语一致性，位于句末前边不能有逗号。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
29. The lcal gvernment has dne everything it can __________(save) the buried miners.
30. _______(accept) as an Olympic event, a sprt must be played in at least 75 cuntries n at least 4 cntinents.
31. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there (train) fr a space flight.
32. (2020天津改编)The lcal gvernment desn't have t sacrifice envirnmental prtectin _________ (prmte) ecnmic grwth.
【答案与解析】
29. t save。it can是定语从句that it can d的省略，故应用不定式作目的状语，故答案是t save。
30. T be accepted。不定式作目的状语，且是被动含义，故答案是T be accepted。
31. t be trained。不定式作目的状语，且是被动含义，故答案是t be trained。
32. t prmte。不定式作目的状语，故答案是t prmte。
要点精讲2：不定式作结果状语，多用于t…t, enugh t d, nly t d, s…as t, such as t等结构。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
33. He hurried t the statin, nly ____________(infrm/find/tell) that the train had left.
34. Wuld yu be s kind as_____________ (carry) the luggage fr me?
35. Nw I’m brave enugh ____________(stand) up and answer the questin.
【答案与解析】
33. t be infrmed/t find/t be tld。nly t d常表示出乎预料的结果，本句含有被动意义,故答案是t be infrmed/t find/t be tld。
34. t carry。s…as t d引导不定式作结果状语，故答案是t carry。
35. t stand。…enugh t d是不定式短语作结果状语，故答案是t stand。
要点精讲3：不定式用于be+ adj+t d构成的反射不定式，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
36. I like getting up very early in summer. The mrning air is s gd _________ (breathe).
37. (2019全国I) Mdem methds f tracking plar bear ppulatins have been emplyed nly since the mid-1980s, and are expensive __________ (perfrm) cnsistently ver a large area.
【答案与解析】
36. t breathe。不定式用于be+ adj+t d构成的反射不定式，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。故答案是t breathe。
37. t perfrm。本句是形容词短语作宾语补足语，暗含be+ adj+t d构成的反射不定式，故答案是t perfrm。
考点清单六、不定式作表语典型用法
要点精讲：不定式作表语起解释说明作用。主语有实义动词d,作表语的不定式可省t。
If yu are wrng, the least thing yu can d is (t) aplgize. 如果你做错了，你可以做的至少是道歉。
The nly thing that he can d nw is (t) abandn the plan. 现在他唯一能做的事情是放弃这个计划。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
38. Having a trip abrad is certainly gd fr the ld cuple, but it remains _____(see) whether they will enjy it.
39. The purpse f new technlgies is t make life easier, ____________(nt, make) it mre difficult.
【答案与解析】
38. t be seen。It remains t be seen whether….是固定句型，表示“是否……有待观察”，故答案是t be seen。
39. nt t make。这里不定式短语作表语，但是为了对比，不定式t不能省略，故答案是nt t make。
考点清单七、不定式的三种典型省略用法
要点精讲1：感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略t（注意被动语态中t应加上）；
【即时训练】单句改错或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
40. The librarian will let yu t knw when the bk has been returned. 改错
41. The yung girl was bserved ________________(enter) the ffice silently.
【答案与解析】
40. 去掉t。let sb d sth让某人做事，故答案是去掉t。
41. t enter。感官动词接不定式作宾补时省略t，被动语态中t应加上，故答案是t enter。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空或单句改错。
42. Rather than ______(ride) n a crwded bus, he always prefers _______(ride) a bicycle.
43.--- I usually g there by train.-
--Why nt ____________(try, g) by bat fr a change?
44. I lst my keys in the ffice s I culd d nthing but t wait fr my mther. 改错
【答案与解析】
42. ride; t ride。prefer t d sth rather than d sth表示“宁愿做……不愿做……”，故答案是ride; t ride。
43. try ging。Why nt d…? 是固定句型；try ding强调“尝试着做”。故答案是try ging。
44. 去掉t。d nthing but d是固定句型，表示“不得不做某事”，故答案是去掉t。
要点精讲3：在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号t。注意，不定式后面是动词be时，be应保留。
【即时训练】单句改错。
45. The by wanted t ride his bicycle in the street, but his mther tld him nt t d.
46. As we all knw, China is n lnger the cuntry it used t.
【答案与解析】
45. 去掉d。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号t。故答案是去掉d。
46. t后加be。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，不定式后面是动词be时，t be应保留。故答案是t后加be。
考点清单八、动词不定式的复杂形式
不定式的否定式、完成式和被动式 （以动词find为例）
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
47. The by pretended _____________(read) the bk when the teacher came in.
48. The children talked s ludly at dinner table that I had t struggle ___________(hear).
49. He gt up early this mrning s as _____________(miss)the early train.
50. The engine just wn't start. Smething seems __________(g) wrng with it.
【答案与解析】
47. t be reading。pretend t be ding假装正在做某事。故答案是t be reading。
48. t be heard。struggle t d努力做某事。故答案是t be heard。
49. nt t miss。s as nt t d sth为了不做某事。故答案是nt t miss。
50. t have gne。结合语境该动作已发生，故答案是t have gne。
分类训练（一）高考真题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.（2023新高考I卷）T eat ne, yu have t decide whether (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue.
答案: t bite。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide t d sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面t put并列作宾语，故填t bite。
2.（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them 41 (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut allwing them tearing r spilling any f their cntents.
答案：t be lifted。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allw sb. t d sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift ut与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式t be lifted。故填t be lifted。
3.（2023全国甲卷）Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables (寓言) 61 (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm.
答案：t teach。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填t teach。
4.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
答案：t increase
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填t increase。
5.（2022新高考II卷）He pushed a chair nt the balcny, and climbed up ________ (see) them.
答案：t see
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用t d不定式作目的状语。故填t see。
6.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路线) by ft.
答案：t jurney
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，jurney为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填t jurney。
7. (2022全国乙) ___________ (strengthen)the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media…
答案： T strengthen。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填T strengthen。
8. (2022天津卷) ________(keep) his restless students ccupied with an indr sprt n rainy days, James Naismith created basketball.
答案：T keep
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让精力充沛的学生能够在雨天待在室内活动，James Naismith创造了篮球。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处意为“为了”表示目的，所以该处为不定式作目的状语,且keep与逻辑主语James Naismith之间为主动关系。故填T keep。
9.（2021全国II卷）I decided t d smething ________ (educate) peple abut this prblem.
答案：t educate
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，________ (educate) peple abut this prblem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填t educate。
10.（2021全国乙卷）Accmmdatins aim ___________(have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
答案：t have
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim t d译为“旨在，目的是”。故填t have。
分类训练（二）模拟试题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. (2022浙江1月) That apprach brught Cbb's air travel last year dwn by 75%, and she plans ___________ (cntinue) the practice.
12.（2020全国I卷）Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments nbard Chang’e-4 __________ (find) and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.
13. (2020全国II) Bamb plants are assciated with health, abundance and a happy hme. They are easy ________ (care) fr and make great presents.
14. (2020全国III)The next mrning he hired a bat and set ut _________ (find) the well-knwn painter.
15. (2018天津) I didn't mean ___________(eat) anything but the ice cream lked s gd that I culdn’t help__________(try) it.
16. (2017全国III) Sarah, wh has taken part in shws, wants______(prve) that she has brains as well as beauty.
17. After receiving the Oscar fr Best Supprting Actress, Anne Benedict went n (thank) all the peple wh had helped in her career.
18. They are talking abut what they will bring t the party ___________(hld) this weekend.
19. With a large amunt f wrk remaining ________(d), the engineer culdn’t spare time fr a hliday..
20. The nvel is believed t _________________(translate) int ten freign languages s far.
【答案】
11.t cntinue 12.t find 13.t care 14.t find 15. t eat; trying 16. t prve 17. t thank 18. t be held 19. t be dne 20. t have been translated
分类训练（三）单句改错
下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。
21. (2022全国甲) I was unwilling talk with him and ften disbeyed his rule f nt staying ut with my friends t late.
22. It is cnsiderate fr him t infrm me f the date fr the meeting.
23. There are five pairs t chse, but I'm at a lss which t buy.
24. It tk a lng time fr the cnnectin between bdy temperature and illness t make.
25. That’s the nly way we can imagine reduce the veruse f water in bathrms.
26. There were many talented actrs ut there just waiting t discver.
27. I wuld lve t g t the party last night but I had t wrk extra hurs t finish a reprt
28. D let yur mther knw all the truth. She appears t have tld everything.
21. We’d better nt t miss the chance t enjy the play.
30. ---Cme n, please give me sme ideas abut the prject.
---Srry. With s much wrk fill my mind, I almst break dwn.
【答案】
21. talk前加t 22. fr改为f 23. chse后加frm 24. make改为be made 25. reduce前加t 26. discver改为be discvered 27. g改为have gne 28. have后加been 29. 去掉第一个t 30. fill改为filling
分类训练（四）写作升格（高考书面表达）
书面表达句式升级：请运用动词不定式翻译下列各句。
1. (2023全国乙) 学会编制帮助我提高创造性和解决问题的技巧。
____________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2023新高考I) 因此我想知道有没有可能允许我们随意选择搭档。
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2022全国乙)因为缺乏自律，他们更容易对网上聊天或打游戏上瘾。
____________________________________________________________________________________
4.(2022全国乙) 目前，随着智能手机和电脑日益普及，越来越多学生正选择在教室之外以各种方式学英语。
____________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2022全国甲) 设置“世界海洋日”目的是提高海洋保护意识，这在全球生态系统中起关键作用。
____________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2022全国甲)国家间应该携起手来制定切实可行保护海洋的方案。
____________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2022新高考I) 这是我第一次邀请你参加我们Talk and Talk节目。
____________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2022新高考I) 现在我们学英语有困难时，很多学生迫切知道如何解决。
____________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2021全国乙) 另一方面，网络学习本身也有一些不足，使我们很难不受影响。
____________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2021全国甲) 因为这个活动将在网站呈现，我真诚希望你能提一些建议。
____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1. Learning t knit helped me develp my creativity and prblem-slving skills.
2. S I was wndering if it is pssible t allw us t chse the partner as we wish.
3. Because f their lack f self-discipline, they’re mre easily addicted t chatting nline r playing games.
4. Nwadays, with the grwing ppularity f smartphnes and cmputers, an increasing number f students are chsing t learn English beynd the classrm in varius ways.
5. Wrld Oceans Day was set up t raise awareness f prtecting the ceans, which play a crucial part in glbal ecsystem.
6. Cuntries shuld team up with ne anther t wrk ut practical plans regarding cean prtectin.
7. This is my first time that I have invited yu t attend ur prgram —Talk and Talk.
8. Nw, when having truble in learning English well, plenty f students urge t knw hw t deal with it.
9. On the ther hand, nline learning itself has sme imperfectins, making it difficult fr us nt t be affected.
10. Because this activity will be presented n the English website, I sincerely want yu t ffer me sme advice.
分类训练（五）语法填空 （外刊原创）
（一）中国加强中医药专利保护
China strengthening patent prtectins fr TCM
China has taken measures t strengthen intellectual prperty prtectin cncerning traditinal Chinese medicines in a bid 1 (prmte) inheritance, develpment and innvatin, an fficial frm the cuntry's tp IP regulatr said.
"We 2 (attach) greater imprtance t prtecting patents invlving TCM ver the past few years t meet the central leadership's requirements f advancing high-quality grwth in the field 3 bringing TCM t the wrld," said Sng Jiangxiu frm the China Natinal Intellectual Prperty Administratin.
Regarding the small number f authrized TCM patents, she said that it is a challenge fr the administratin t review relevant applicatins, "as a large number f applicants were 4 (individual), wh fund 5 difficult t interpret what technical cntributins their inventins had made, let 6 write them dwn n a dcument in a prfessinal manner," she explained.
7 (cmpare) with Western medicines, TCM is difficult t standardize, s rapidly grwing patent r trademark applicatins acrss the cuntry are nt 8 (frequent) seen, accrding t Kang Lixia, an IP lawyer frm Beijing's Hanray Law Firm.
While 9 (call) fr peple engaged in the TCM industry t fcus mre n hw t prmte its develpment thrugh IP applicatin, Li Xiawu, a senir legal research fellw at iCurt, said that it is als necessary fr IP specialists t enrich their knwledge f TCM t figure ut 10 is mst needed in this field.
【答案】
1.t prmte 2.have attached 3. and4. individuals 5. it 6. alne 7. Cmpared 8. frequently 9. calling 10. what
（二）中国旅韩大熊猫产下双胞胎
Chinese giant panda gives birth t twin cubs in S. Krea
Giant panda Ai Ba frm China gave birth t twins n Friday in Suth Krea. They are the first pair f giant panda cubs 1 (bear) verseas this year.
In March 2016, Ai Ba and her mate Le Ba 2 (send) t Suth Krea's Everland Resrt frm Sichuan prvince as part f a 15-year giant panda research 3 (cperate)prgram. In 2020, the pair mated and gave birth t Fu Ba. Three years later, they mated again 4 prduced twins.
Ai Ba, a nine-year-ld female, gave birth t the female twin cubs, the first pair f baby pandas in Suth Krea, n Friday, accrding t Everland, 5 is lcated Suth Krea's 6 (large) theme park in Yngin. The elder and the yunger cubs weighed 180 grams and 140 grams each. Suth Krea 7 (see) the first birth f a baby giant panda, named Fu Ba, n its sil in July 2020.
Everland said that Ai Ba and her newbrns remained 8 gd cnditin. Ai Ba succeeded in natural mating with Le Ba, a 10-year-ld male, in the middle f February.
Giant pandas are knwn t 9 (rare) get pregnant as their breeding seasn nly cntinues fr ne t three days per year usually in springtime. The twin cubs will nt be shwn t the general public fr the time being. It usually takes five t six mnths fr a cub 10 (adapt) t an external envirnment.
【答案】
1. brn 2. were sent 3. cperatin 4. and 5. which 6. largest 7. saw 8. in 9. rarely 10. t adapt
动词不定式五年高考真题细目表
卷别
作状语
作宾语
作宾补
作定语
作主语
作表语
2023新高考I卷
whether t bite…
2023新高考I卷
allwing them t be lifted
2023全国甲卷
t teach
used t (be) afraid改错
2022新高考I卷
t increase
2022新高考II卷
t see
hw t thank…
2022全国甲卷
was unwilling (t) talk 改错
t jurney
2022全国乙卷
T strengthen
preparing-prepare改错
2022北京卷
t harm
2022浙江1月卷
t cntinue
2022浙江6月卷
tells yu nt t d
2022上海7月卷
t achieve
2022上海1月卷
t see
2021新高考II卷
t educate
2021全国甲卷
t walk
2021全国乙卷
aim t have
2021浙江6月卷
t plant
2020全国I卷
t find
2020全国II卷
easy t care
2020全国III卷
was frced (t) eat改错
2020北京卷
t break
2019全国II卷
t retire
2019全国III卷
pens-pen改错
2018全国I卷
t see
2018全国II卷
t imprve
2018全国III卷
allwed me t stay
要点精讲
1.不定式作主语表具体行为，表特指(对比：动名词作主语表泛指，是抽象行为) 。
2.不定式作主语三情况：直接作主语；It作形式主语；wh-t d短语作主语(谓语用单数)。
3.常考句型It is+ adj. +f / fr sb t d sth 结构；It takes sb. time t d sth.等。
要点精讲1：只接t d作宾语的动词:妙记--mecarfipsd霉咖啡不是的
manage, expect, chse, affrd/ agree/ attempt, refuse, fail, intend, plan/pretend/prmise, seem, decide/desire/determine
要点精讲2：接t d/ding意义不同的动词：妙记--frgshmt青蛙聪明
frget, remember/regret, g n, stp, can’t help, mean, try。该考点非常重要，必须重视。
要点精讲1：see类动词(不定式作宾补省t，但在被动语态中t应加上):
巧记--注意让迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉
ntice, let, make, hear, listen t, see, bserve, watch, have, feel
要点精讲2：下列句型常省略t：
may as well d sth 最好还是做……
had better d 最好做某事
d nthing but d sth 别无选择只好做某事
can’t help but d sth. 禁不住做某事
Why nt d sth? 何不做某事？
prefer t d…rather than d sth, 宁愿做……而不愿做……
wuld rather d…than d… 宁愿做……而不愿做……
内容
主动语态
被动语态
否定式
一般式
t find
t be fund
nt t find
完成式
t have fund
t have been fund
nt t have fund
考点清单一、不定式作主语典型用法 P3
考点清单二、不定式作宾语两种典型用法 P3
考点清单三、不定式作宾语补足语四种典型用法 P4
考点清单四、不定式作定语典型用法 P5
考点清单五、不定式作状语三种典型用法 P6
考点清单六、不定式作表语典型用法 P7
考点清单七、不定式的三种典型省略用法 P7
考点清单八、动词不定式的复杂形式 P8
分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题） P9
分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题） P10
分类训练（三）单句改错 （真题模拟） P10
分类训练（四）写作升格（高考书面表达） P11
分类训练（五）语篇运用（外刊原创） P12
（一）中国加强中医药专利保护 P12
（二）中国旅韩大熊猫产下双胞胎 P13
动词不定式考点思维导图
考点清单一、不定式作主语典型用法
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. It tk years f wrk _____________(reduce) the industrial pllutin and clean the water.
2. It’s imprtant fr the figures _____________(update) regularly.
3. When and where t start the prgrams ____________(remain) unknwn.
4. (2019全国III) On ur way t the huse, it was raining s hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng it wuld take __________ (get)there.
【答案与解析】
1. t reduce。It takes sb. time t d sth.是常用句型，不定式短语作真正主语。故答案是t reduce。
2. t be updated。定期更新数据很重要，数据是被更新的，故答案是t be updated。
3. remains。wh-t d短语作主语，谓语用单数。故答案是remains。
4. t get。这是It takes sb time t d sth.句型，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故答案是t get。
考点清单二、不定式作宾语两种典型用法
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
5. They failed _____________(grasp) the imprtance f his wrds.
6. She never seemed ________(care) what the rest f us thught abut her.
7. (2019浙江) One study in America fund that students' grades imprved a little after the schl intrduced unifrms. But sme students didn't want __________ (wear) the unifrm.
【答案与解析】
5. t grasp。fail t d未能做某事。故答案是t grasp。
6. t care。seem t d好像做某事。故答案是t care。
7. t wear。want t d sth表示“想做某事”。故答案是t wear。
frget t d 忘记要去做某事（未做）
frget ding 忘记已经做过某事（已做）
remember t d 记得将要做某事（未做）
remember ding 记得已经做过某事（已做）
regret t d 遗憾去做某事（未做）
regret ding 后悔做过某事（已做）
g n t d 继续做另一件事 （对象变了）
g n ding 继续做正在做的事 （对象不变）
stp t d 停下来去做另一件事 （对象变了）
stp ding 停止做某事 （对象不变）
can’t help t d 不能帮助做某事
can’t help ding 情不自禁做某事
mean t d 打算做某事（未做）
mean ding 意味着做某事 （解释作用）
try t d 努力做某事（不一定成功）
try ding 尝试做某事 （强调尝试和行动）
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
8. If yu think that treating a wman well means always ________(get) her permissin fr things, think again.
9. --Lk! The windw is pen. --I’m srry. I frgt ____________ (clse) it.
10. I remembered _________(lck) the dr befre I left the ffice, but frgt t turn ff the lights.
11. Susan wanted t be independent f her parents. She tried _________(live) alne, but she didn’t like it and mved back hme.
【答案与解析】
8. getting。这里应用mean ding表示“意味着”。故答案是getting。
9. t clse。这里应用frget t d表示“忘记做某事”，强调未做，故答案是t clse。
10. t lck。remember t d表示“记住去做某事”，和后面“忘记去关灯”呼应，故答案是t lck。
11. living。try ding强调“尝试着做了某事”，符合语境要求，故答案是living。
考点清单三、不定式作宾语补足语四种典型用法
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
12. With the wrld changing fast, we have smething new (deal) with by urselves every day.
13. He was bserved ________________(enter) the ffice silently.
14. When I came in I saw him ______________(listen) t music.
【答案与解析】
12. t deal。本句不是have sb d sth句式，而是have sth t d 表示“有某事要做”，不定式短语作定语，故答案是t deal。
13. t enter。bserve sb d sth是固定句型，省略t的不定式作宾语补足语。但在被动语态中t应加上。故答案是t enter。
14. listening。结合语境这里应用see sb ding sth…表示“看见某人正在做某事”。故答案是listening。
要点精讲2：warn类动词(只接t d后作宾补) warn, tell, ask, persuade, expect等。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
15. Passengers are permitted ___________(carry) nly ne piece f hand luggage nt the plane.
16. Energy drinks are nt allwed ____________(make) in Australia but are brught in frm New Zealand.
17. Once his message was delivered, he allwed me________(stay)and watch.
18. They are required ________ (prcess) the fd that we eat, t recver frm injury and fr several ther bdily functins.
19. (2020浙江1月卷)The median (中位数的) age f an American in 1950 was 30—tday it is 41 and is expected____________(increase) t 42 by 2050.
【答案与解析】
15. t carry。permit sb t d sth允许某人做事，故答案是t carry。
16. t be made。allw sb t d sth允许某人做某事，故答案是t be made。
17. t stay。本句考查allw sb t d sth表示“允许某人做某事”。故答案是t stay。
18. t prcess。本题考查require sb t d sth表示“要求某人做某事”。故答案是t prcess。
19. t increase。本题考查expect sb t d sth表示“期待某人做某事”，故答案是t increase。
要点精讲3：用于“with+名词+不定式”，表示一个主动的、将要发生的动作。省略with后构成的“名词/代词+不定式” 构成独立主格结构。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
20. With a lt f difficult prblems ___________(slve), the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
21. I send yu 100 dllars tday, the rest __________(fllw) in a year.
22. With a lt f hmewrk ___________(d), I decided nt t watch the perfrmance with yu.
【答案与解析】
20. t slve。with sth t d是with复合宾语结构，不定式强调将要发生的动作，故答案是t slve。
21. t fllw。本句是省略with后构成的“名词/代词+不定式” 构成独立主格结构。故答案是t fllw。
22. t d。with sth t d是with复合宾语结构，不定式强调将要发生的动作，故答案是t d。
要点精讲4：be said类动词：be said/believed/reprted/knwn t d类句型，可以转化为It is said that…。不定式根据语境还可能用进行式、被动式或完成式。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
23. Rbert is said _____________(study) abrad, but I dn't knw what cuntry he studied in.
24. Plice are searching fr a wman wh is reprted t _____________(miss) since the fld hit the area.
【答案与解析】
23. t have studied。be said t d表示“据说做某事”；what cuntry he studied in暗示该动作已结束，故答案是t have studied。
24. have been missing。since the fld hit the area暗示应用不定式完成式；结合语境又是一种“失踪”状态，故答案是have been missing。
考点清单四、不定式作定语典型用法
要点精讲：1.不定式作定语修饰名词，多表示一个主动的将要发生的动作。
2.不定式与名词之间是主谓关系或动宾关系。
3.若不定式是不及物动词，后边应加上适当的介词。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
25. The meeting___________(hld)nw/_______(hld)yesterday/_________(hld)tmrrw is very imprtant.
26. The airprt _____________(cmplete) next year will help prmte turism in this area.
27. Mr. Green std up in defence f the by, saying that he was nt the ne (blame).
28. (2020浙江) Agriculture gave peple their first experience f the pwer f technlgy ________ (change) lives.
【答案与解析】
25. being; held; t be held。现在分词作定语，表示一个正在进行的动作；过去分词短语作定语表示一个被动的、已发生动作。不定式作定语则多表示一个将要发生的动作。故答案是being; held; t be held。
26. t be cmpleted。不定式作定语则多表示一个将要发生的动作；结合语境应用被动形式，故答案是t be cmpleted。
27. t blame。(be) t blame表示“该受到责备”，主动形式表示被动意义，故答案是t blame。
28. t change。结合语境应用单词不定式作定语。故答案是t change。
考点清单五、不定式作状语三种典型用法
要点精讲1：不定式作目的状语，多用于t d, s as t d, in rder t d结构。注意逻辑主语一致性，位于句末前边不能有逗号。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
29. The lcal gvernment has dne everything it can __________(save) the buried miners.
30. _______(accept) as an Olympic event, a sprt must be played in at least 75 cuntries n at least 4 cntinents.
31. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there (train) fr a space flight.
32. (2020天津改编)The lcal gvernment desn't have t sacrifice envirnmental prtectin _________ (prmte) ecnmic grwth.
【答案与解析】
29. t save。it can是定语从句that it can d的省略，故应用不定式作目的状语，故答案是t save。
30. T be accepted。不定式作目的状语，且是被动含义，故答案是T be accepted。
31. t be trained。不定式作目的状语，且是被动含义，故答案是t be trained。
32. t prmte。不定式作目的状语，故答案是t prmte。
要点精讲2：不定式作结果状语，多用于t…t, enugh t d, nly t d, s…as t, such as t等结构。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
33. He hurried t the statin, nly ____________(infrm/find/tell) that the train had left.
34. Wuld yu be s kind as_____________ (carry) the luggage fr me?
35. Nw I’m brave enugh ____________(stand) up and answer the questin.
【答案与解析】
33. t be infrmed/t find/t be tld。nly t d常表示出乎预料的结果，本句含有被动意义,故答案是t be infrmed/t find/t be tld。
34. t carry。s…as t d引导不定式作结果状语，故答案是t carry。
35. t stand。…enugh t d是不定式短语作结果状语，故答案是t stand。
要点精讲3：不定式用于be+ adj+t d构成的反射不定式，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
36. I like getting up very early in summer. The mrning air is s gd _________ (breathe).
37. (2019全国I) Mdem methds f tracking plar bear ppulatins have been emplyed nly since the mid-1980s, and are expensive __________ (perfrm) cnsistently ver a large area.
【答案与解析】
36. t breathe。不定式用于be+ adj+t d构成的反射不定式，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。故答案是t breathe。
37. t perfrm。本句是形容词短语作宾语补足语，暗含be+ adj+t d构成的反射不定式，故答案是t perfrm。
考点清单六、不定式作表语典型用法
要点精讲：不定式作表语起解释说明作用。主语有实义动词d,作表语的不定式可省t。
If yu are wrng, the least thing yu can d is (t) aplgize. 如果你做错了，你可以做的至少是道歉。
The nly thing that he can d nw is (t) abandn the plan. 现在他唯一能做的事情是放弃这个计划。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
38. Having a trip abrad is certainly gd fr the ld cuple, but it remains _____(see) whether they will enjy it.
39. The purpse f new technlgies is t make life easier, ____________(nt, make) it mre difficult.
【答案与解析】
38. t be seen。It remains t be seen whether….是固定句型，表示“是否……有待观察”，故答案是t be seen。
39. nt t make。这里不定式短语作表语，但是为了对比，不定式t不能省略，故答案是nt t make。
考点清单七、不定式的三种典型省略用法
要点精讲1：感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略t（注意被动语态中t应加上）；
【即时训练】单句改错或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
40. The librarian will let yu t knw when the bk has been returned. 改错
41. The yung girl was bserved ________________(enter) the ffice silently.
【答案与解析】
40. 去掉t。let sb d sth让某人做事，故答案是去掉t。
41. t enter。感官动词接不定式作宾补时省略t，被动语态中t应加上，故答案是t enter。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空或单句改错。
42. Rather than ______(ride) n a crwded bus, he always prefers _______(ride) a bicycle.
43.--- I usually g there by train.-
--Why nt ____________(try, g) by bat fr a change?
44. I lst my keys in the ffice s I culd d nthing but t wait fr my mther. 改错
【答案与解析】
42. ride; t ride。prefer t d sth rather than d sth表示“宁愿做……不愿做……”，故答案是ride; t ride。
43. try ging。Why nt d…? 是固定句型；try ding强调“尝试着做”。故答案是try ging。
44. 去掉t。d nthing but d是固定句型，表示“不得不做某事”，故答案是去掉t。
要点精讲3：在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号t。注意，不定式后面是动词be时，be应保留。
【即时训练】单句改错。
45. The by wanted t ride his bicycle in the street, but his mther tld him nt t d.
46. As we all knw, China is n lnger the cuntry it used t.
【答案与解析】
45. 去掉d。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号t。故答案是去掉d。
46. t后加be。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，不定式后面是动词be时，t be应保留。故答案是t后加be。
考点清单八、动词不定式的复杂形式
不定式的否定式、完成式和被动式 （以动词find为例）
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
47. The by pretended _____________(read) the bk when the teacher came in.
48. The children talked s ludly at dinner table that I had t struggle ___________(hear).
49. He gt up early this mrning s as _____________(miss)the early train.
50. The engine just wn't start. Smething seems __________(g) wrng with it.
【答案与解析】
47. t be reading。pretend t be ding假装正在做某事。故答案是t be reading。
48. t be heard。struggle t d努力做某事。故答案是t be heard。
49. nt t miss。s as nt t d sth为了不做某事。故答案是nt t miss。
50. t have gne。结合语境该动作已发生，故答案是t have gne。
分类训练（一）高考真题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.（2023新高考I卷）T eat ne, yu have t decide whether (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue.
答案: t bite。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide t d sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面t put并列作宾语，故填t bite。
2.（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them 41 (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut allwing them tearing r spilling any f their cntents.
答案：t be lifted。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allw sb. t d sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift ut与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式t be lifted。故填t be lifted。
3.（2023全国甲卷）Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables (寓言) 61 (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm.
答案：t teach。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填t teach。
4.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
答案：t increase
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填t increase。
5.（2022新高考II卷）He pushed a chair nt the balcny, and climbed up ________ (see) them.
答案：t see
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用t d不定式作目的状语。故填t see。
6.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路线) by ft.
答案：t jurney
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，jurney为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填t jurney。
7. (2022全国乙) ___________ (strengthen)the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media…
答案： T strengthen。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填T strengthen。
8. (2022天津卷) ________(keep) his restless students ccupied with an indr sprt n rainy days, James Naismith created basketball.
答案：T keep
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让精力充沛的学生能够在雨天待在室内活动，James Naismith创造了篮球。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处意为“为了”表示目的，所以该处为不定式作目的状语,且keep与逻辑主语James Naismith之间为主动关系。故填T keep。
9.（2021全国II卷）I decided t d smething ________ (educate) peple abut this prblem.
答案：t educate
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，________ (educate) peple abut this prblem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填t educate。
10.（2021全国乙卷）Accmmdatins aim ___________(have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
答案：t have
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim t d译为“旨在，目的是”。故填t have。
分类训练（二）模拟试题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. (2022浙江1月) That apprach brught Cbb's air travel last year dwn by 75%, and she plans ___________ (cntinue) the practice.
12.（2020全国I卷）Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments nbard Chang’e-4 __________ (find) and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.
13. (2020全国II) Bamb plants are assciated with health, abundance and a happy hme. They are easy ________ (care) fr and make great presents.
14. (2020全国III)The next mrning he hired a bat and set ut _________ (find) the well-knwn painter.
15. (2018天津) I didn't mean ___________(eat) anything but the ice cream lked s gd that I culdn’t help__________(try) it.
16. (2017全国III) Sarah, wh has taken part in shws, wants______(prve) that she has brains as well as beauty.
17. After receiving the Oscar fr Best Supprting Actress, Anne Benedict went n (thank) all the peple wh had helped in her career.
18. They are talking abut what they will bring t the party ___________(hld) this weekend.
19. With a large amunt f wrk remaining ________(d), the engineer culdn’t spare time fr a hliday..
20. The nvel is believed t _________________(translate) int ten freign languages s far.
【答案】
11.t cntinue 12.t find 13.t care 14.t find 15. t eat; trying 16. t prve 17. t thank 18. t be held 19. t be dne 20. t have been translated
分类训练（三）单句改错
下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。
21. (2022全国甲) I was unwilling talk with him and ften disbeyed his rule f nt staying ut with my friends t late.
22. It is cnsiderate fr him t infrm me f the date fr the meeting.
23. There are five pairs t chse, but I'm at a lss which t buy.
24. It tk a lng time fr the cnnectin between bdy temperature and illness t make.
25. That’s the nly way we can imagine reduce the veruse f water in bathrms.
26. There were many talented actrs ut there just waiting t discver.
27. I wuld lve t g t the party last night but I had t wrk extra hurs t finish a reprt
28. D let yur mther knw all the truth. She appears t have tld everything.
21. We’d better nt t miss the chance t enjy the play.
30. ---Cme n, please give me sme ideas abut the prject.
---Srry. With s much wrk fill my mind, I almst break dwn.
【答案】
21. talk前加t 22. fr改为f 23. chse后加frm 24. make改为be made 25. reduce前加t 26. discver改为be discvered 27. g改为have gne 28. have后加been 29. 去掉第一个t 30. fill改为filling
分类训练（四）写作升格（高考书面表达）
书面表达句式升级：请运用动词不定式翻译下列各句。
1. (2023全国乙) 学会编制帮助我提高创造性和解决问题的技巧。
____________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2023新高考I) 因此我想知道有没有可能允许我们随意选择搭档。
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2022全国乙)因为缺乏自律，他们更容易对网上聊天或打游戏上瘾。
____________________________________________________________________________________
4.(2022全国乙) 目前，随着智能手机和电脑日益普及，越来越多学生正选择在教室之外以各种方式学英语。
____________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2022全国甲) 设置“世界海洋日”目的是提高海洋保护意识，这在全球生态系统中起关键作用。
____________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2022全国甲)国家间应该携起手来制定切实可行保护海洋的方案。
____________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2022新高考I) 这是我第一次邀请你参加我们Talk and Talk节目。
____________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2022新高考I) 现在我们学英语有困难时，很多学生迫切知道如何解决。
____________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2021全国乙) 另一方面，网络学习本身也有一些不足，使我们很难不受影响。
____________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2021全国甲) 因为这个活动将在网站呈现，我真诚希望你能提一些建议。
____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1. Learning t knit helped me develp my creativity and prblem-slving skills.
2. S I was wndering if it is pssible t allw us t chse the partner as we wish.
3. Because f their lack f self-discipline, they’re mre easily addicted t chatting nline r playing games.
4. Nwadays, with the grwing ppularity f smartphnes and cmputers, an increasing number f students are chsing t learn English beynd the classrm in varius ways.
5. Wrld Oceans Day was set up t raise awareness f prtecting the ceans, which play a crucial part in glbal ecsystem.
6. Cuntries shuld team up with ne anther t wrk ut practical plans regarding cean prtectin.
7. This is my first time that I have invited yu t attend ur prgram —Talk and Talk.
8. Nw, when having truble in learning English well, plenty f students urge t knw hw t deal with it.
9. On the ther hand, nline learning itself has sme imperfectins, making it difficult fr us nt t be affected.
10. Because this activity will be presented n the English website, I sincerely want yu t ffer me sme advice.
分类训练（五）语法填空 （外刊原创）
（一）中国加强中医药专利保护
China strengthening patent prtectins fr TCM
China has taken measures t strengthen intellectual prperty prtectin cncerning traditinal Chinese medicines in a bid 1 (prmte) inheritance, develpment and innvatin, an fficial frm the cuntry's tp IP regulatr said.
"We 2 (attach) greater imprtance t prtecting patents invlving TCM ver the past few years t meet the central leadership's requirements f advancing high-quality grwth in the field 3 bringing TCM t the wrld," said Sng Jiangxiu frm the China Natinal Intellectual Prperty Administratin.
Regarding the small number f authrized TCM patents, she said that it is a challenge fr the administratin t review relevant applicatins, "as a large number f applicants were 4 (individual), wh fund 5 difficult t interpret what technical cntributins their inventins had made, let 6 write them dwn n a dcument in a prfessinal manner," she explained.
7 (cmpare) with Western medicines, TCM is difficult t standardize, s rapidly grwing patent r trademark applicatins acrss the cuntry are nt 8 (frequent) seen, accrding t Kang Lixia, an IP lawyer frm Beijing's Hanray Law Firm.
While 9 (call) fr peple engaged in the TCM industry t fcus mre n hw t prmte its develpment thrugh IP applicatin, Li Xiawu, a senir legal research fellw at iCurt, said that it is als necessary fr IP specialists t enrich their knwledge f TCM t figure ut 10 is mst needed in this field.
【答案】
1.t prmte 2.have attached 3. and4. individuals 5. it 6. alne 7. Cmpared 8. frequently 9. calling 10. what
（二）中国旅韩大熊猫产下双胞胎
Chinese giant panda gives birth t twin cubs in S. Krea
Giant panda Ai Ba frm China gave birth t twins n Friday in Suth Krea. They are the first pair f giant panda cubs 1 (bear) verseas this year.
In March 2016, Ai Ba and her mate Le Ba 2 (send) t Suth Krea's Everland Resrt frm Sichuan prvince as part f a 15-year giant panda research 3 (cperate)prgram. In 2020, the pair mated and gave birth t Fu Ba. Three years later, they mated again 4 prduced twins.
Ai Ba, a nine-year-ld female, gave birth t the female twin cubs, the first pair f baby pandas in Suth Krea, n Friday, accrding t Everland, 5 is lcated Suth Krea's 6 (large) theme park in Yngin. The elder and the yunger cubs weighed 180 grams and 140 grams each. Suth Krea 7 (see) the first birth f a baby giant panda, named Fu Ba, n its sil in July 2020.
Everland said that Ai Ba and her newbrns remained 8 gd cnditin. Ai Ba succeeded in natural mating with Le Ba, a 10-year-ld male, in the middle f February.
Giant pandas are knwn t 9 (rare) get pregnant as their breeding seasn nly cntinues fr ne t three days per year usually in springtime. The twin cubs will nt be shwn t the general public fr the time being. It usually takes five t six mnths fr a cub 10 (adapt) t an external envirnment.
【答案】
1. brn 2. were sent 3. cperatin 4. and 5. which 6. largest 7. saw 8. in 9. rarely 10. t adapt
动词不定式五年高考真题细目表
卷别
作状语
作宾语
作宾补
作定语
作主语
作表语
2023新高考I卷
whether t bite…
2023新高考I卷
allwing them t be lifted
2023全国甲卷
t teach
used t (be) afraid改错
2022新高考I卷
t increase
2022新高考II卷
t see
hw t thank…
2022全国甲卷
was unwilling (t) talk 改错
t jurney
2022全国乙卷
T strengthen
preparing-prepare改错
2022北京卷
t harm
2022浙江1月卷
t cntinue
2022浙江6月卷
tells yu nt t d
2022上海7月卷
t achieve
2022上海1月卷
t see
2021新高考II卷
t educate
2021全国甲卷
t walk
2021全国乙卷
aim t have
2021浙江6月卷
t plant
2020全国I卷
t find
2020全国II卷
easy t care
2020全国III卷
was frced (t) eat改错
2020北京卷
t break
2019全国II卷
t retire
2019全国III卷
pens-pen改错
2018全国I卷
t see
2018全国II卷
t imprve
2018全国III卷
allwed me t stay
要点精讲
1.不定式作主语表具体行为，表特指(对比：动名词作主语表泛指，是抽象行为) 。
2.不定式作主语三情况：直接作主语；It作形式主语；wh-t d短语作主语(谓语用单数)。
3.常考句型It is+ adj. +f / fr sb t d sth 结构；It takes sb. time t d sth.等。
要点精讲1：只接t d作宾语的动词:妙记--mecarfipsd霉咖啡不是的
manage, expect, chse, affrd/ agree/ attempt, refuse, fail, intend, plan/pretend/prmise, seem, decide/desire/determine
要点精讲2：接t d/ding意义不同的动词：妙记--frgshmt青蛙聪明
frget, remember/regret, g n, stp, can’t help, mean, try。该考点非常重要，必须重视。
要点精讲1：see类动词(不定式作宾补省t，但在被动语态中t应加上):
巧记--注意让迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉
ntice, let, make, hear, listen t, see, bserve, watch, have, feel
要点精讲2：下列句型常省略t：
may as well d sth 最好还是做……
had better d 最好做某事
d nthing but d sth 别无选择只好做某事
can’t help but d sth. 禁不住做某事
Why nt d sth? 何不做某事？
prefer t d…rather than d sth, 宁愿做……而不愿做……
wuld rather d…than d… 宁愿做……而不愿做……
内容
主动语态
被动语态
否定式
一般式
t find
t be fund
nt t find
完成式
t have fund
t have been fund
nt t have fund
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