【寒假提升】（人教版 ）初中英语 2024年 九年级 寒假培优训练 07 宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句练习.zip

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寒假作业07 宾语从句，定语从句和状语从句
一．宾语从句考查热点
1.【宾语从句语序】
宾语从句均用陈述语序（即正常的主谓语序）：连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分。
特殊情况：当连接词在从句中担当主语时，保持原有语序不变。
I wnder what is the matter with him.
2.【宾语从句的时态口诀】
◆主现从不限：主句现在时，从句时态看语境。（需要性原则）
◆主过从必过：主句过去时，从句用过去的某种时态（呼应原则）
◆客观真理一现：从句是客观事实、真理用一般现在时（特殊原则）
3.【宾语从句连接词】
4.【连接词的区别】
(1) whether & if
由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether.
①在不定式前 ②在介词前 ③与r nt连用
●宾语从句是否定句时，用＂if＂不用 ＂whether＂。
●动词dubt后，＂whether＂,＂if＂两者皆可。
(2) what & that
二．定语从句考查热点
定语从句在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。
结构: 先行词＋关系词＋定语从句
三．状语从句考查热点
1. when，while，as “当……的时候”，when 最常用，由其引导的状语从句中动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词；while 从句中的谓语动词只能是延续性动词；as引导的从句中表示的动作常与主句表示的动作同时发生。
2.主将从现：条件状语从句常由if，unless，as/s lng as 等引导。主句是一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时。
3.because，as，since 在英语中不能将 because，since或as与s用在同一个句子中。
4.表示 “如此 ……以至于……”结构：
◆“s+ adj./adv.+ that” ◆ “s+形容词+a/an + 名词+ that”
◆“such + a/an + 形容词+名词+ that”
5.目的状语从句常由 s that（为了），in rder that（为了） 等从属连词引导，从句中常含有can，culd 等情态动词。
单项选择
1．This famus saying “When I walk alng with tw thers, they may serve me as my teachers” tells us ________.
A．hw shuld we treat pepleB．wh we can learn frm
C．what did we say in publicD．why we need teachers
2．—Jenny, d yu knw ______ ? —She is frm Canada.
A．where is the wman in red frm
B．where the wman in red is frm
C．what the wman in red likes
3．—I’m wndering ________ at a lw price.
—Yu can bk ne thrugh ur fficial APP.
A．hw I can buy the air ticketB．hw can I buy the air ticket
C．when I can buy the air ticketD．when can I buy the air ticket
4．— Excuse me, d yu knw ________? The bus has just left.
— Yes. The next bus will arrive in half an hur.
A．hw I can get t the bus statin B．if there will be anther bus
C．hw much a bus ticket csts
5．（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）—Excuse me, culd yu please tell me ________? I want t g shpping with yu.
—Maybe next Saturday afternn.
when are yu ging t Lufu PlazaB．when yu went t Lufu Plaza
C．when yu are ging t Lufu Plaza
6．（2023·四川自贡·统考中考真题）—I want t knw ________ yu gt t Zigng yesterday.
—By high-speed train.
A．whereB．hwC．when
7．（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）—D yu knw ________ the Dragn Bat Festival is
this year?
—Srry, I dn’t knw the exact date.
A．hwB．whyC．when
8．—Sarah, d yu knw ________?
—It’s n April 23.
A．what is Wrld Bk DayB．what Wrld Bk Day is
C．when is Wrld Bk DayD．when Wrld Bk Day is
9．—D yu knw ________?
—Yes, in Hangzhu, a beautiful city in Zhejiang Prvince.
A．when will the 19th Asian Games be held B．when the 19th Asian Games will be held
C．where will the 19th Asian Games be held D．where the 19th Asian Games will be held
10．—D yu remember ________?
—Sure. On the evening f May Day.
A．hw we gt t the Jiefang Bridge B．hw did we get t the Jiefang Bridge
C．when the Jiefang Bridge pened itself D．when did the Jiefang Bridge pen itself
11．Lei Feng is a great persn ________ sets a gd example t us.
A．whB．whichC．whse
12．He shwed me the phts ________ he tk at his graduatin ceremny.
A．thatB．whC．what
13．—What d yu think f the latest nline physics lessns ________ were given by the taiknaut (中国宇航员) last mnth?
—Hw wnderful! I learned a lt frm them.
A．whichB．whC．whatD．that
14．I was lking fr the bk _______ I brrwed yesterday.
A．whB．whichC．whatD．where
15．Su Bingtian is the first Asian runner ________ reached the men’s 100-meter final at the Olympics.
A．whB．whseC．which
16．Jack really likes the picture ________ yu drew the day befre yesterday.
A．whmB．whC．whichD．what
17．—What are yu reading?
—An article abut Qian Xuesen ________ made a cntributin t ur acrspace industry.
A．whB．whichC．whse
18．Which f the fllwing sentences has a defining relative clause?
A．I d believe that where there is a will, there is a way.
B．I have n idea wh is the suspect f this case.
C．This is the first film that the yung actr has acted in.
D．The prblem is s difficult that I can’t wrk it ut alne.
19．WeChat is a useful cmmunicatin tl _______ can help peple talk t friends, share phts, ideas and feelings freely.
A．whB．whichC．whereD．what
20．The places ________ the students like best at schl are the cmputer rm and the dining hall.
A．thatB．whereC．wh
21．________ Wendy is a whizz-kid, she has the same interests as mst ther students.
A．BecauseB．WhenC．AlthughD．As
22．________ I was a little by, my mther tld me the stry f Chang’e.
A．SinceB．WhenC．AfterD．Because
23．—Excuse me, sir. Is it my turn nw?
—Srry, nt yet. Please wait utside the rm ________ yur name is called.
A．ifB．sinceC．unlessD．thugh
24．—Jhn, let’s prepare fr ur basketball match.
—OK, we’ll lse it ________ we try ur best.
A．untilB．unlessC．ifD．althugh
25．Sme questins in the exam are ________ difficult that ________ students can wrk them ut.
A．s; fewB．s; littleC．such; littleD．such; few
26．Yu wn’t make any prgress ________ yu wrk harder.
A．althugh B．If C．unless D．until
27．We can have a picnic in the cuntryside tmrrw ________ it desn’t rain.
A．because B．and C．s D．if
28．—It is impssible t finish the difficult task in such a shrt time ________ bth f us wrk hard n it.
—N prblem.Let’s start!
A．if B．but C．because D．unless
29．Elva likes Rm 102 ________ it is big ________ tidy.
A．because; butB．because; andC．s; andD．s; but
30．He still can’t speak English well ________ he has been in America fr three years.
A．sinceB．ifC．althughD．because
一、完形填空。
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Once there was a pr village. Peple there ften lcked their drs and windws tight and kept the fd they had.
A stranger came ne day. He was really tired and hungry. He stpped at the first 1 t ask fr sme fd. “There is hardly any fd here!” the wman inside the huse said and clsed the dr. But the traveler was nt ready t 2 . He picked up a large, rund 3 and kncked nce mre. The lady pened the dr nly half way. “Since yu are pr like me, perhaps yu wuld like t have sme f my 4 stne sup.” said the traveler. Thugh the wman felt it was impssible, she was hungry t, s she invited him in. She lit the fire t bil the water, and pened her windws t let ut sme heat. The traveler 5 the stne inside the water until it biled. He tasted a little, “It’s almst dne, but if yu had just a little salt and butter, it wuld taste much better!” The lady did s.
Just then the lady’s husband returned with carrts and ptates. “Impssible!” shuted the husband when he knew what happened. “It’s almst finished but it wuld be even nicer if we added sme carrts and ptates.” the traveler assured. The husband 6 and handed ver the carrts and ptates. Sn, the smell f the sup drifted (飘) ut thrugh the windw and dwn the village. One neighbr fllwed the smell t the first huse and watched frm the windw. The traveler said it culd be better if sme beans were added. “I have sme!” shuted the neighbr. He culdn’t wait t taste the sup s he 7 returned with beans, and pured them int the pt. The smell drifted even 8 dwn the village.
Wrd abut a strange traveler making sup ut f a single stne drew many villagers ut f 9 hmes there. The traveler finally said, “It’s dne!” He served a bwl f stne sup fr every villagers. Frm that day n, villagers still remembered the finest sup and they didn’t lcked their drs and windws tight any mre, 10 they finally understd the meaning f share.
1．A．huseB．radC．windw
2．A．stand upB．give upC．put up
3．A．leafB．meatC．stne
4．A．traditinalB．medicalC．delicius
5．A．placedB．washedC．used
6．A．agreedB．expectedC．shuted
7．A．sadlyB．likelyC．quickly
8．A．furtherB．higherC．lnger
9．A．itsB．hisC．their
10．A．andB．becauseC．r
二、阅读理解。
“Oh, we is me, t have seen what I have seen, see what I see.” says Hamlet in Shakespeare’s play. “We” means “unhappiness”, Hamlet was a very unhappy man. Even when he was given a chance fr happiness with the lvely Ophelia, he turned it dwn. He just liked being unhappy.
Tday we may say the unhappy prince had an attitude（态度）prblem. Mst peple in the wrld want t be happy. An internatinal study has fund that happiness is what mst peple desire（渴望）. But what is happiness? Hw can we get it? It turns ut that happiness can be many different things. It depends n each different persn as t what makes him r her happy. Fr sme, happiness cmes frm success. Fr thers, it is just having a psitive attitude. Their glass is always half-full, rather than half-empty. When bad things happen, they dn’t fall int a state f “we”.
When I think f happiness, I think f children. They just enjy the simple jys f being alive. Seeing them happy makes me happy. One f the secrets I’ve fund t being happy is t enjy peple’s happiness. Nthing makes me happier t see peple find their wn happiness, like ging t a gd cllege, getting gd jbs, getting married, having children...
We d live in a “wrld f we”. We see war, pverty and sickness in the news every day. We have ur wn prblems. But happiness is always there, even in ur darkest mments. We can chse t be happy, with an pen heart.
11．What des “we” mean?
A．Me.B．Hamlet.C．Unhappiness.
12．What d mst peple desire accrding t the study?
A．Mney.B．Happiness.C．Success.
13．Hw may smene feel if he sees the glass as half full instead f half empty?
A．Sad.B．Jyful.C．Regret.
14．What “wes” are mentined in the passage?
① War in the news. ② Peple’s sickness. ③ Wrld weather n TV.
A．①②B．②③C．①③
15．What is this article mainly abut?
A．Shakespeare’s play. B．Hamlet’s prblem. C. Happiness.
三、语法填空。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
What Jbs Are We Ging t Need?
Peple have t wrk. They need jbs. What fields have jbs? The mst imprtant thing is that we need t knw what jbs will 16 (need) in the future?
The medical field is ging t need 17 (wrk). In 2010, there were 524 millin peple ver the age f 65 in the wrld. In 2050, the number f lder peple will be three times 18 (big) than befre. We need nurses and ther medical wrkers t care fr them. We als need family dctrs. Family dctrs have t wrk fr many 19 (hur). Because f this, nt very many medical students study t be family dctrs. In additin, there are jbs fr medical researchers. They d research and develp new medicine and technlgy 20 (help) peple. Businesses want t sell this medicine and technlgy t peple 21 need them.
Anther ppular field is the cmputer field. It is a field with different kinds f jbs. Sme peple, like IT managers, help peple in schls, hspitals, and cmpanies 22 they have cmputer prblems. Other peple design and create new technlgy. Fr example, 20 percent f peple in the wrld have 23 smartphne. This is a phne that can d the same things cmputers d. Mre and mre peple 24 (use) technlgy, s businesses are always designing newer cmputers and phnes 25 (quick).
What d these jbs have in cmmn? Peple need the help f these wrkers. This is why these fields are grwing. When there is a need, there is a jb.
通过本专题内容的训练主要帮助同学们巩固强化初中三大复合从句的主要用法。重点掌握易错点：
1.牢记宾语从句的时态口诀
◆主现从不限 ◆主过从必过 ◆客观真理永现在
2.三种情况只能用whether ①在不定式前 ②在介词前 ③与r nt连用
参考答案：
单项选择
1．B
【详解】句意：“三人行，必有我师焉”这句名言告诉我们可以向谁学习。考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A、C；根据“When I walk alng with tw thers, they may serve me as my teachers”可知此句意为“三人行，必有我师焉”，即我们要向别人学习，用wh引导宾语从句。故选B。
2．B
【详解】句意：——Jenny，你知道穿红衣服的女人来自哪里吗？——她来自加拿大。考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A选项。结合答语“She is frm Canada”可知，询问来自哪里，用where询问。故选B。
3．A
【详解】句意：——我想知道什么时候能买到便宜的机票。——您可以通过我们的官方APP预订。考查宾语从句。根据“I’m wndering”可知，句子含宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B和D；答句是订机票的方式，用hw提问。故选A。
4．B
【详解】句意：——对不起，你知道是否还有一班车吗？公共汽车刚刚开走了。——有的。下一班车半小时后到。考查宾语从句。hw I can get t the bus statin我怎么去公共汽车站；if there will be anther bus是否还有一班车；hw much a bus ticket csts一张公共汽车票要多少钱。根据答语“Yes. The next bus will arrive in half an hur.”可知，询问是否还有一班车，故选B。
5．C
【详解】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我你什么时候去罗浮广场吗？我想和你一起去购物。——也许下周六下午吧。考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除A；结合“Maybe next Saturday afternn.”可知，是一般将来时。故选C。
6．B
【详解】句意：——我想知道你昨天是怎么到自贡的。——乘高铁。考查宾语从句引导词。根据答语“By high-speed train.”可知，对方式提问，故选B。
7．C
【详解】句意：——你知道今年端午节是什么时候吗？——对不起，我不知道确切的日期。考查宾语从句。hw如何；why为什么；when何时。根据答语“Srry, I dn’t knw the exact date.”可知，对时间提问，故选C。
8．D
【详解】句意：——萨拉，你知道世界读书日是在什么时候吗？——在4月23日。考查when引导的宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述语序，故排除A、C。what Wrld Bk Day is什么是世界读书日；when Wrld Bk Day is世界读书日是在什么时候。根据答句“It’s n April 23.”可知此处应是when引导的宾语从句，询问时间。故选D。
9．D
【详解】句意：——你知道第19届亚运会将在哪里举行吗？——是的，在杭州，浙江省一座美丽的城市。
考查宾语从句。根据“D yu ”及选项可知，此处要用宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除AC选项；再根据“Yes, in Hangzhu,”可知此处是问亚运会举办的地点，应用where。故选D。
10．C
【详解】句意：——你还记得解放桥什么时候通车吗？——当然。在五一的晚上。考查宾语从句。remember后跟宾语从句，需用“陈述语序”，可排除BD选项；根据“On the evening f May Day.”可知此处询问的是时间。故选C。
11．A
【详解】句意：雷锋是一个伟大的人，他给我们树立了好榜样。考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选A。
12．A
【详解】句意：他给我看了他在毕业典礼上拍的照片。考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，先行词是人/物；wh引导定语从句，先行词是人；what不引导定语从句。本句中先行词“the phts”是物，且在句中作宾语，用引导词that。故选A。
13．D
【详解】句意：——你觉得上个月由航天员开设的最新在线物理课怎么样？——多么精彩！我从它们学到了很多。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词lessns指物，且由最高级修饰，关系词用that，故选D。
14．B
【详解】句意：我正在找我昨天借的书。考查定语从句。wh用于引导先行词是人的定语从句；which用于引导先行词是物的定语从句；what什么； where哪里。分析句子可知，横线后是定语从句，由于横线前的先行词是物，所以是which。故选B。
15．A
【详解】句意：苏炳添是第一位进入奥运会男子100米决赛的亚洲选手。考查定语从句。wh引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whse引导定语从句，先行词指人或物，在从句中作定语；which引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。根据“Su Bingtian is the first Asian the men’s 100-meter final at the Olympics.”可知，“ the men’s 100-meter final at the Olympics”是定语从句，先行词“the first Asian runner”指人，从句中缺主语，所以空处应是wh。故选A。
16．C
【详解】句意：杰克真的很喜欢你前天画的那幅画。考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是the picture，关系词在从句中作宾语，用which引导宾语从句。故选C。
17．A
【详解】句意：——你在读什么？——一篇关于钱学森为我国航天事业做出贡献的文章。考查定语从句关系代词。wh谁；which哪一个；whse谁的。从句修饰专有名词Qian Xuesen，是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代人，应使用关系代词wh，故选A。
18．C
【详解】句意：下列哪个句子有定语从句？考查从句。I d believe that where there is a will, there is a way.宾语从句；I have n idea wh is the suspect f this case.宾语从句；This is the first film that the yung actr has acted in.定语从句，“that the yung actr has acted in”修饰先行词“the first film”；The prblem is s difficult that I can’t wrk it ut alne.状语从句。故选C。
19．B
【详解】句意：微信是一个有用的交流工具，它可以帮助人们与朋友交谈，自由地分享照片、想法和感受。
考查定语从句。wh谁；which哪一个；where在哪里；what什么。分析句子可知，此句是含定语从句的复合句；先行词“tl”指物，关系词应用which，在从句中作主语。故选B。
20．A
【详解】句意：学生们在学校最喜欢的地方是电脑室和食堂。考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此句是定语从句，先行词是物，关系词在从句中需要作动词的宾语，应用that引导定语从句，故选A。
21．C
【详解】句意：尽管温蒂是个天才，但她和大多数其他学生一样有着相同的兴趣。考查连词辨析。Because因为，引导原因状语从句；When 当……的时候，引导时间状语从句；Althugh尽管，引导让步状语从句；As由于，引导原因状语从句。根据“Wendy is a whizz-kid”可知此处指“尽管温蒂是个天才，她和大多数其他学生有着相同的兴趣”，用连词althugh。故选C。
22．B
【详解】句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，我妈妈给我讲了嫦娥的故事。考查连词用法辨析。Since自从；When当……时；After在……之后；Because因为。根据“ I was a little by, my mther tld me the stry f Chang’e.”可知，此处考查“when当……时”引导的时间状语从句。故选B。
23．C
【详解】句意：——打扰一下，先生。现在轮到我了吗？——对不起，还没有。除非叫到你的名字，否则请在房间外面等候。考查unless引导的条件状语从句。if是否；since自从；unless除非；thugh虽然。根据前半句“Please wait utside the rm”和后半句“ wait the name called”可知，此处后半句是前半句的条件，用连词unless，意为“除非”连接，符合语境。故选C。
24．B
【详解】句意：——约翰，让我们准备一下我们的篮球比赛吧。——好吧，如果我们不尽力的话，我们会输的。考查连词的用法。until直到……为止；unless除非，如果不；if如果，是否；althugh虽然，尽管。根据语境可知如果不尽力就会输。因此用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
25．A
【详解】句意：考试中有些问题很难，很少有学生能解出来。考查结果状语从句和代词辨析。s“如此”，后接形容词副词；such“如此的，那样的”，后跟名词。根据第一空后的“difficult”是形容词可知，第一空应用s，排除CD选项；few“很少”，修饰名词复数；little“少得几乎没有”，修饰不可数名词；根据第二空后的“students”是名词复数可知，应用few修饰。故选A。
26．C
【详解】句意：除非你更努力，否则你不会有任何进步。考查连词辨析。althugh虽然；if如果；unless除非；until直到。根据句意可知，空后的“yu wrk harder”是空前的“Yu wn’t make any prgress”的否定条件，所以用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。
27．D
【详解】句意：如果明天不下雨，我们可以在乡下野餐。考查连词辨析。because因为； and和；s因此； if如果。根据句意，空后的“it desn’t rain”是空前的“We can have a picnic in the cuntryside tmrrw”的肯定条件，所以应用if引导条件状语从句。故选D。
28．D
【详解】句意：——除非我们双方都努力，否则不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项艰巨的任务。——没问题。我们开始吧！考查连词词义辨析。if如果；but但是；because因为；unless除非。根据下文“N prblem. Let’s start!”并结合“It is impssible t finish the difficult task in such a shrt f us wrk hard n it.”可知，此处表示“除非我们双方都努力，否则不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项艰巨的任务”，因此unless符合题意。故选D。
29．B
【详解】句意：Elva喜欢102房间，因为它又大又整洁。考查连词辨析。beacuse因为；but但是；and和；s因此。根据“Elva likes Rm 102 ... it is big...”可知，两者为因果关系，前果后因，第一空用because引导原因状语从句；第二空前big与空后tidy表示并列，应用and连接。故选B。
30．C
【详解】句意：虽然他在美国已经三年了，但他的英语还是说得不好。考查连词辨析。since自从；if如果；althugh尽管；because因为。上文“He still can’t speak English well（他英语还是说得不好）”和下文“he has been in America fr three years.（他在美国已经三年了。）”存在让步关系，应用althugh来引导让步状语从句。故选C。
一、完形填空。
【参考答案】
1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位旅行者给村民们煮石头汤的事情，告诉人们分享的重要性。
1．句意：他在第一个房子停下来要些食物。huse房子；rad马路；windw窗户。根据“‘There is hardly any fd here!’ the wman inside the huse said and clsed the dr.”可知，他在第一家停下来要食物，第一家的主人拒绝了他。故填A。
2．句意：但是这名旅行者不准备放弃。stand up站立；give up放弃；put up张贴。根据“He picked up a large, kncked nce mre.”可知，他没有放弃，他又再次敲门。故选B。
3．句意：他捡起了一块又大又圆的石头，再次敲了门。leaf树叶；meat肉；stne石头。根据“picked up a large, rund...”可知，他捡起来一块又大又圆的石头。故选C。
4．句意：旅行者说：“即然你和我一样穷，也许你想要喝些我美味的石头汤。”
traditinal传统的；medical医疗的；delicius美味的。根据“ have sme f sup”可知，此处指喝美味的石头汤。故选C。
5．句意：旅行者把石头放到水里直到它沸腾。placed放置；washed洗；used使用。根据“ stne inside the water”可知，他把石头放到水里。故选A。
6．句意：丈夫同意了并且把胡萝卜和土豆递了过去。agreed同意；expected期盼；shuted大喊。根据“and handed ver the carrts and ptates”可知，丈夫也相信了旅行者的石头汤，所以同意把胡萝卜和土豆放在锅里。故选A。
7．句意：他迫不及待地想尝尝汤的味道，所以很快就拿着豆子回来了。sadly悲伤地；likely可能；quickly快速地。根据“He culdn’t wait t taste the sup”可知，因为他迫不及待想尝尝汤，所以他快速地回家拿着豆子回来放到汤里。故选C。
8．句意：气味沿着村子飘得更远了。further更远；higher更高；lnger更长。根据“The smell drifted even...”可知，此处指汤的气味飘得更远。故选A。
9．句意：关于一个陌生的旅行者用一块石头做汤的消息把许多村民从他们的家里吸引了过来。
its它的；his他的；their他们的。根据“many villagers ut ”可知，此处指把村民们从他们的家吸引过来。故选C。
10．句意：从那天起，村民们仍然记得这最美味的汤，他们不再把门窗紧锁，因为他们终于明白了分享的意义。and并且；because因为；r否则。根据“they didn’t lcked their drs and windws tight any mre, finally understd the meaning f share”可知，因为村民们明白了分享的意义，所以他们不再把门窗紧锁。故选B。
二、阅读理解
【参考答案】
11．C 12．B 13．B 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文通过莎士比亚戏剧中的哈姆雷特这个角色引出了一个话题——幸福是一个态度问题，幸福是大多数人渴望的，不同的人对幸福的理解不同。
11．细节理解题。根据“ ‘We’ means ‘unhappiness’ ”可知，“we”的意思是“不幸福”，故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据“An internatinal study has fund that happiness is what mst peple desire（渴望）.”可知，根据这项研究，大多数人想要幸福，故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据“Fr thers, it is just having a psitive attitude. Their glass is always half-full, rather than half-empty. When bad things happen, they dn’t fall int a state f ‘we’.”可知，如果一个人看到杯子是半满而不是半空，他会感到开心，故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据“We d live in a ‘wrld f we’. We see war, pverty and sickness in the news every day.”可知，文章中提到的“不幸”是战争，贫穷和疾病，故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是谈论有关幸福的问题，故选C。
三、语法填空
【参考答案】
16．be needed 17．wrkers 18．bigger 19．hurs 20．t help 21．wh/that 22．when/if 23．a 24．are using/use 25．quickly
【导语】本文主要介绍了未来医疗和电脑领域需要工人。
16．句意：最重要的事情是我们需要知道未来需要什么工作。该句为一般将来时态被动语态，结构为will be+过去分词，need过去分词为needed。故填be needed。
17．句意：医疗领域需要工人。根据“We need nurses and ther medical wrkers t care fr them”，可知空处为名词复数“工人”wrkers作宾语。故填wrkers。
18．句意：在2050年，老人的数量将会是以前的三倍。根据“than befre”，可知空处应为比较级，big比较级为bigger。故填bigger。
19．句意：家庭医生要工作很多小时。many加可数名词复数，hur复数为hurs。故填hurs。
20．句意：他们研发新药和技术来帮助人们。结合句意，空处应为不定式表目的。故填t help。
21．句意：企业想把这种药和技术卖给需要的人。该句为定语从句，先行词peple在从句中作主语，用wh或that。故填wh/that。
22．句意：一些人，比如IT经理，在学校、医院和公司遇到计算机问题时会帮助他们。该句为时间状语从句，空处用引导词when，也可以为条件状语从句，空处为引导词if。故填when/if。
23．句意：例如，世界上20%的人有智能手机。根据“This is a phne that can d the same things cmputers d”，可知空处表泛指，且samrtphne是辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。
24．句意：越来越多的人使用技术，所以企业总是快速地设计更新的电脑和手机。该句可为现在进行时，主语是集合名词peple，谓语用are+动词现在分词，use现在分词为using；也可为一般现在时，谓语用原形。故填are using/use。
25．句意：越来越多的人使用技术，所以企业总是快速地设计更新的电脑和手机。空处为副词修饰动词，quick副词为quickly。故填quickly。
连词
连接代词
连接副词
宾语从句
that
whether
if
wh/whm/whse/whever/whmever/
what/which/whatever/whichever
when/where/why/hw/
hw much/hw lng/
hw ften
that
what
宾语从句
连词，不担任成分，无词义，一般可省略
连接代词，做宾语，有词义
关系词
指代
在从句中充当的成分
关系代词
which
物
主语、宾语、表语
that
人或物
主语、宾语、表语
wh
人
主语、宾语
whm
人
宾语
whse
人的或物的
定语
as
人或物
主语、宾语
关系副词
when
时间
时间状语
where
地点
地点状语
why
原因
原因状语
that/in which
方式
方式状语