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四川省成都市成华区某校2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份四川省成都市成华区某校2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题（Word版附解析），共25页。试卷主要包含了 5分，共7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1. 5分，共7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is Nancy’s plan fr Christmas?
A. T have dinner at hme. B. T d vlunteer wrk. C. T visit sme friends.
2. Which subject des the girl dislike?
A. Art. B. Gegraphy. C. Histry.
3. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In a phne shp. B. In a bkstre. C. In the library.
4. What des the wman mean?
A. She is likely t visit the castle.
B. She is impressed with the visit.
C. She is disappinted at the castle.
5. What des the girl want?
A. A sweater. B. A dress. C. Shes.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the speakers’ destinatin?
A. The markets. B. The water gardens. C. The ancient district.
7. Wh is the wman ging t get a present fr?
A. Her dad. B. Her mum. C. Her sister.
听第7段材料，回答第 8 、9题。
8. Hw des the wman suggest the man travel?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By subway.
9. Why will the man g t the city center?
A. T find a jb. B. T take a class. C. T meet his friend.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 13 题。
10. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. At a restaurant. B. In a hspital. C. Over the phne.
11. What is changing temprarily abut the stre?
A. The prices f dishes.
B. The pen area fr custmers.
C. The pening hurs.
12. What is the purpse f the change?
A. T limit custmers’ cntact.
B. T save custmers’ time.
C. T tuch less fd.
13. What will be used in this week’s special in the end?
A. Chicken. B. Seafd. C. Beef.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17题。
14. What is the wman’s majr?
A. Architecture. B. Engineering. C. Infrmatin technlgy.
15. What factr des the wman care mst abut building design?
A. Lw csts. B. Mdern styles. C. Envirnmental prtectin.
16. What is the wman’s biggest design idea abut?
A. Keeping heat. B. Generating electricity. C. Supplying water.
17. What des the man think f the wman’s ideas?
A. Impractical. B. Wnderful. C. Outdated.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. What can turists see in the Entrance Hall?
A. Sme paintings
B. Sme real flwers and leaves
C. An exhibitin f extinct animals
19. When can turists watch a shrt film abut the earth?
A. At 2:35 p.m. B. At 3:25 p.m. C. At 5:10 p.m.
20. Where is the bkshelf?
A. On the first flr B. On the secnd flr C. On the third flr
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
David Shepherd Wildlife Fundatin (DSWF) is delighted t welcme faithful supprters and new friends t jin us at ur annual Wildlife Ball t celebrate the natural wrld and cnservatin. Hsted by the grand Drchester Htel in Lndn, the DSWF Wildlife Ball will take place n the 27th July 2024 where we’ll bring the wilderness t life with ur very wn Sundwn Safari (观赏之旅).
Jin a black-tie gastrnmical (美食) safari
As part f a black-tie gastrnmical safari, guests will be treated t a muth-watering three-curse meal, enjy wrld-class entertainment and listen t insightful and inspiring speeches abut DSWF’s cnservatin wrk t turn the tables n extinctin.
The DSWF Wildlife Ball helps raise vital funds and awareness fr ur essential wrk, prtecting endangered species and their habitats acrss the wrld. After a year away we are excited t be welcming yu back and lk frward t being yur guides at what prmises t be a night t remember in supprt f wildlife.
Last year, the virtual Wildlife Ball raised ver £ 800,000 fr DSWF’s vital cnservatin effrts acrss Africa and Asia, despite nt being able t celebrate in persn. We are really excited t invite yu back t the Drchester Htel, wh are ur generus hsts, and tgether aim t celebrate wildlife and the wilderness in style and t raise vital funds t help in the fight fr a greener future.
Bk tickets t the Wildlife Ball 2024
Bk tickets r register yur interest tday t avid disappintment. Either by emailing the team at wildlifeball @ davidshepherd.rg r by calling the DSWF ffice n 01483 272323.
Individual Tickets: £ 200(Children under 12 get 40%ff)
VIP packages are available n request.
1. What d we learn abut Wildlife Ball 2024?
A. It’ll be held in the wild.
B. It’ll ffer guests a delicius meal.
C. It’ll allw guests t watch ball games.
D. It’ll be fllwed by a guided tur f Lndn.
2. What’s the main purpse f hsting Wildlife Ball 2024?
A. T entertain supprtersB. T celebrate the festival
C. T btain financial supprt.D. T interact with wild animals.
3. What’s the admissin fee fr a cuple with their ten-year-ld twins?
A. £ 440.B. £ 520.C. £ 560.D. £ 640.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Drchester大酒店主办的DSWF野生动物舞会将于2024年7月27日举行，文章就其相关的项目活动安排，目的以及费用进行了详细解释。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Jin a black-tie gastrnmical (美食) safari部分内容“As part f a black-tie gastrnmical safari, guests will be treated t a muth-watering three-curse meal, enjy wrld-class entertainment and listen t insightful and inspiring speeches abut DSWF’s cnservatin wrk t turn the tables n extinctin.(作为一场正式的美食之旅的一部分，客人们将享用令人垂涎的三道菜大餐，享受世界级的娱乐活动，并听取有关DSWF保护工作的深刻和鼓舞人心的演讲，以扭转物种灭绝的命运。)”可知，Wildlife Ball 2024将会给客人提供美味大餐。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Jin a black-tie gastrnmical (美食) safari部分内容“We are really excited t invite yu back t the Drchester Htel, wh are ur generus hsts, and tgether aim t celebrate wildlife and the wilderness in style and t raise vital funds t help in the fight fr a greener future.(我们非常高兴地邀请您回到Drchester酒店，我们慷慨的主人，我们共同致力于以时尚的方式庆祝野生动物和荒野，并筹集重要资金，以帮助争取更绿色的未来。)”可知，2024野生动物舞会的目的在于筹集资金。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Bk tickets t the Wildlife Ball 2024部分内容“Individual Tickets: £ 200(Children under 12 get 40% ff)(个人票：200英镑（12岁以下儿童6折）)”可知，单人票价为200英镑，12岁以下儿童6折应是“200英镑*（100%-40%）=120英镑”，因此，一对夫妇两人带着10岁的双胞胎儿童，票价应是“200英镑*2+120英镑*2=640英镑”。故选D。
B
Having grwn up in nrthern Arizna with the immrtal Grand Canyn and the irn red plateaus f Sedna in my backyard, I believed that the suthwestern state is hme t the mst beautiful landscapes n the planet. Twering muntain titans, a czy valley and an infinite blue sky prmised fantastic ptential fr explratin. Fr me, n newly discvered sights r freign landscapes can cmpare with its beauty.
That is, until I was invited t explre Guizhu prvince by the China Stryteller Partnerships Tur. Had smene vividly described hw beautiful Guizhu can be in petic detail, they wuld nt have dne it exactly. There is n substitute fr seeing with ne’s wn eyes. I will attempt t d s.
During my trip arund the city f Xingyi, in Guizhu, I saw the artwrk f the Buyei ethnic grup. They use dyes prduced frm lcal plants t make clthing f striking blues and greens. Lcal elders still practice weaving with artful wden machines and pass that traditin n t their grandchildren.
My father used t drag my brthers and me n yearly fishing trips arund Arizna. We wuld cmpete t catch the largest fish, and in the mrnings, Dad wuld ck us a basic breakfast f bacn, eggs, and tast. I sat in a small bat in the middle f the lake, with fishing ple mving slwly in my impatient hands, and held my bred tngue while my father attempted t share with me the whispers f the wind, a fish dancing n the surface f the lake r the majesty f a hawk hunting fr prey verhead. On my trip t Guizhu I had the pprtunity t paddle n Wanfeng lake. At ne pint I rested, flating at the center f the lake, listening t the spaces between silence and taking in the surrunding karst (喀斯特) muntains. I thught abut my childhd, and wished I had listened mre clsely t my father while fishing.
I’ve lived away frm Arizna fr 10 lng years, carving my wn destiny in China. I’ve managed t build myself a family, a career, a livelihd, and varius prjects. I feel as thugh I have everything that I need. Fr a mment, in Guizhu, I felt hme.
4. What d we knw abut the authr’s hmetwn?
A. Situated in the nrth f US, it is hme t Grand Canyn.
B. It has varied landscapes, ranging frm plateau t valley.
C. Apparently, there’s n cmparisn in terms f beauty.
D. The authr spent his childhd and adulthd in his hmetwn.
5. What des the underlined wrd “substitute” prbably mean in paragraph 2?
A. Experience.B. Replacement.
C. Objectin.D. Agreement.
6. What is the purpse f paragraph 4?
A. T express his regret nt listening t his father clsely.
B. T recall the mst unfrgettable experience with his family.
C. T cmpare the trip n Wangfeng lake with his frmer fishing trips.
D. T suggest that his trip in Guizhu takes him back t his childhd.
7. What des the authr think f his life in Guizhu?
A. Unavidable.B. Favrable.
C. Demanding.D. Astnishing.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章讲述一个美国人对中国山水和人文的依恋。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Having grwn up in nrthern Arizna with the immrtal Grand Canyn and the irn red plateaus f Sedna in my backyard, I believed that the suthwestern state is hme t the mst beautiful landscapes n the planet.(我在Arizna州北部长大，在我的后院有不朽的大峡谷和铁红色的塞多纳高原，我相信这个西南部的州是地球上最美丽的风景的家园。)”可知，作者的家乡拥有从高原到山谷的各种景观。故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“That is, until I was invited t explre Guizhu prvince by the China Stryteller Partnerships Tur. Had smene vividly described hw beautiful Guizhu can be in petic detail, they wuld nt have dne it exactly.(直到我被China Stryteller Partnerships Tur邀请去贵州探险。如果有人用诗意的细节生动地描述贵州的美丽，他们不会准确地做到这一点。)”可知，作者在去贵州之前知道贵州的美曾在诗句中体现，直到他去了贵州，才体会到去了贵州就如同回到了自己美丽的家乡，因此推断划线句句意为“没有亲身体会是无法感知到的”，也就是说什么也代替不了亲眼所见。划线词substitute意为“代替”，和replacement意思相近。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“My father used t drag my brthers and me n yearly fishing trips arund Arizna.(我父亲过去每年都会拉着我和兄弟们去亚利桑那州钓鱼。)”提到了作者的父亲带作者去钓鱼，接下来描述了当时与父亲在一起钓鱼的经历和作者贵州之行的经历，结合本段最后一句“I thught abut my childhd, and wished I had listened mre clsely t my father while fishing.(我想起了我的童年，真希望我在钓鱼的时候能更仔细地听父亲的话。)”可推断，本段的目的是表明贵州之行让作者回忆起自己的童年时光。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I’ve lived away frm Arizna fr 10 lng years, carving my wn destiny in China. I’ve managed t build myself a family, a career, a livelihd, and varius prjects. I feel as thugh I have everything that I need. Fr a mment, in Guizhu, I felt hme.(我离开亚利桑那州生活了10年，在中国开创了自己的命运。我成功地建立了自己的家庭、事业、生计和各种各样的项目。我觉得我拥有了我所需要的一切。在贵州的那一刻，我有了家的感觉。)”可推断，对于在贵州的生活，作者是称赞的。故选B。
C
Lk ut the windw r walk ver t a patch f sil near yur hme. It culd be reddish brwn, black, dark gray r even the clur f rich, dark chclate. If it’s mist enugh, run yur hands thrugh it. It may separate int thick clumps that can hld water and later release it. With a few exceptins—such as desert sites—this is hw gd sil behaves.
In fact, the number f micrscpic rganisms that live in a shvelful f rich garden sil exceeds the number f plants and animals inhabiting the entire abvegrund Amazn rainfrest. And the Amazn is knwn fr having mre plants and animals than any ther land-based habitat.
Sil is what supprts life n Earth. Mst peple give it little thught, but it feeds us and the ecsystems arund us. It is where cuntless species make their hmes. It cllects water, pulls pllutants frm the air and helps supprt the planet’s atmsphere. Sil is ne f Mther Nature’s unsung heres.
And while mst sil lks like it’s static, just sitting there unmving, it actually hsts plenty f activities. Its earthwrms may be digging tunnels. Wrms are weightlifters. But they aren’t the nly nes making changes. Other creatures belw grund are t tiny t see with the unaided eye. These include ne celled creatures called prtza (单细胞生物). They imprve sil by eating bacteria and releasing nitrgen, which helps plants grw.
And then there are all thse bacteria. Mst peple think f them as dangerus. In sils, they nt nly serve as prey t beneficial prtza, but als perfrm an envirnmental service. They help recycle dead plant parts and animal tissues int nutrients. They even turn sme pllutants in sil and water int mre f the nutrients that can sustain the diverse species that make up lively ecsystems beneath ur feet.
8. What’s the purpse f mentining the Amazn rainfrest in the secnd paragraph?
A. T indicate the rich species in the Amazn rainfrest.
B. T intrduce the rich sil in the Amazn rainfrest.
C. T stress the variety f micrscpic rganisms in the rich sil.
D. T illustrate bidiversity abvegrund the Amazn rainfrest.
9. What can we infer frm the third paragraph?
A. Sil is smething that supprts life n Earth.
B. Sil prvides a variety f benefits t ur planet.
C. Sil determines the quality f ur ecsystems.
D. Sil is the Mther Nature’s unsung her.
10. Which f the fllwing sentences is TRUE accrding t the text?
A. The sil in the desert behaves as well as gd sil des.
B. Mst peple give thught t sil fr it supprts life n Earth.
C Mst sil indeed hsts plenty f activities thugh it lks quiet.
D The bacteria in sils almst d n gd t the envirnment.
11. Which f the fllwing is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A. Categries f the Sil n EarthB. The Disappearance f the Rich Sil
C. Bidiversity in the Amazn RainfrestD. Healthy Sil Supprts Life n Our Planet
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了土壤的重要性以及土壤支持地球上生命的各种方式。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“In fact, the number f micrscpic rganisms that live in a shvelful f rich garden sil exceeds the number f plants and animals inhabiting the entire abvegrund Amazn rainfrest.(事实上，生活在一锹肥沃的花园土壤中的微生物数量超过了生活在整个亚马逊雨林中的动植物数量。)”可知，提到亚马逊雨林是为了强调土壤中存在的大量微生物，并将其与亚马逊雨林的巨大生物多样性进行比较，亚马逊雨林被称为拥有最多动植物的栖息地，由此表明肥沃土壤中微生物的多样性。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“It is where cuntless species make their hmes. It cllects water, pulls pllutants frm the air and helps supprt the planet’s atmsphere. Sil is ne f Mther Nature’s unsung heres.( 这里是无数物种的家园。它收集水，从空气中吸收污染物，并帮助维持地球的大气。土壤是大自然母亲的无名英雄之一。)”可知，在第三段中，作者列举了土壤造福地球的方式，包括为我们和生态系统提供食物、为物种提供住所、收集水、过滤污染物和支持大气即土壤为我们的星球提供了各种各样的好处。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“And while mst sil lks like it’s static, just sitting there unmving, it actually hsts plenty f activities.(虽然大多数土壤看起来是静态的，只是坐在那里不动，但它实际上承载了大量的活动。)”可知，虽然土壤看起来是静态的，但它实际上承载着各种各样的活动，比如蚯蚓挖隧道和微生物回收养分。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Sil is what supprts life n Earth. (土壤维系着地球上的生命。)”以及倒数第二段中“And while mst sil lks like it’s static, just sitting there unmving, it actually hsts plenty f activities.(虽然大多数土壤看起来是静态的，只是坐在那里不动，但它实际上承载了大量的活动。)”以及最后一段中“Mst peple think f them as dangerus. In sils, they nt nly serve as prey t beneficial prtza, but als perfrm an envirnmental service. They help recycle dead plant parts and animal tissues int nutrients. They even turn sme pllutants in sil and water int mre f the nutrients that can sustain the diverse species that make up lively ecsystems beneath ur feet.( 大多数人认为它们很危险。在土壤中，它们不仅是有益原生动物的猎物，而且还具有环境服务作用。它们有助于将死去的植物和动物组织转化为营养物质。它们甚至将土壤和水中的一些污染物转化为更多的营养物质，这些营养物质可以维持构成我们脚下活跃生态系统的各种物种。)”可知，文章解释了土壤的重要性以及土壤支持地球上生命的各种方式。故选D。
D
It is widely accepted that being verweight definitely pses a danger t ur health. Accrding t a new study, besity may even damage the brain’s ability t recgnize the sensatin f fullness and be satisfied after eating fats and sugars.
Further, thse brain changes may last even after peple cnsidered medically bese lse a significant amunt f weight — pssibly explaining why many peple ften regain the punds they lse.
The study, published Mnday in Nature Metablism, was a cntrlled clinical trial in which 30 peple cnsidered t be medically bese and 30 peple f nrmal weight were fed sugar carbhydrates (glucse), fats (lipids) r water (as a cntrl). Each grup f nutrients was fed directly int the stmach via a feeding tube n separate days.
The night befre the testing, all 60 study participants had the same meal fr dinner at hme and did nt eat again until the feeding tube was in place the next mrning. As either sugars r fats entered the stmach via the tube, researchers used functinal magnetic resnance(磁共振) imaging and single-phtn emissin cmputed tmgraphy(断层扫描技术) t capture the brain’s respnse ver 30 minutes.
In peple with nrmal weight, the study fund brain signals in the striatum(纹状体) slwed when either sugars r fats were put int the digestive system — evidence that the brain recgnized the bdy had been fed. At the same time, levels f dpamine rse in thse at nrmal weight, signaling that the reward centers f the brain were als activated. Hwever, when the same nutrients were given via feeding tube t peple cnsidered medically bese, brain activity did nt slw, and dpamine levels did nt rise.
Next, the study asked peple with besity t lse 10% f their bdy weight within three mnths — an amunt f weight knwn t imprve bld sugars, reset metablism and bst verall health.
Tests were repeated as befre — with surprising results. Lsing weight did nt reset the brain in peple with besity.
Much mre research is needed t fully understand what besity des t the brain, and if that is triggered by the fat tissue itself, the types f fd eaten, r ther envirnmental and genetic factrs.
12. What aspects did the researchers mainly fcus n in the research?
A. Bld sugars and metablism.B. Diet and envirnmental factrs.
C. Nutrients and the digestive system.D. Brain activities and dpamine levels.
13. What are the crrect prcedures f the study?
①Prviding participants with the same nutrients separately.
②Classifying participants in different grups by weight.
③Repeating the test n thse wh lst required weight.
④Detecting the brain’s reactin f the participants.
A. ①④③②B. ④①②③
C. ②①④③D. ②①③④
14. What can be inferred abut the study?
A. Weight lss had n impact n the brain’s respnse t fd.
B. The level f dpamine was clsely related t peple’s brain activity.
C. Nutrients taken by participants affected their digestive system rather than brain activity.
D. The sum f dpamine released varied slightly amng participants with different weights.
15. What is the mst suitable title fr the article?
A. Effective Strategies fr Weight Lss in Obesity
B. The Persistent Effects f Obesity n the Brain
C. Explring the Brain’s Respnse t Sugars and Fats
D. Hw Obesity Harms the Brain’s Fullness Sensatin
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究表明肥胖可能损害大脑识别饱腹感的能力，以及在摄入脂肪和糖后感到满足的能力，而且在人们减掉了大量体重后，这些大脑变化也可能持续下去，这可能解释了为什么许多人经常会反弹。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“As either sugars r fats entered the stmach via the tube, researchers used functinal magnetic resnance(磁共振) imaging and single-phtn emissin cmputed tmgraphy(断层扫描技术) t capture the brain’s respnse ver 30 minutes.(当糖或脂肪通过胃食管进入胃时，研究人员使用了磁共振扫描和成像与断层扫描技术，以在30分钟内捕捉大脑的反应。)”和第五段“In peple with nrmal weight, the study fund brain signals in the striatum(纹状体) slwed when either sugars r fats were put int the digestive system — evidence that the brain recgnized the bdy had been fed. At the same time, levels f dpamine rse in thse at nrmal weight, signaling that the reward centers f the brain were als activated. Hwever, when the same nutrients were given via feeding tube t peple cnsidered medically bese, brain activity did nt slw, and dpamine levels did nt rise.(研究发现，在体重正常的人身上，当糖或脂肪被输入消化系统时，纹状体中的大脑信号速度减慢，这表明大脑识别出身体已经满足。与此同时，体重正常的人体内多巴胺水平升高，表明大脑的奖励中心也被激活。然而，当通过喂食管给医学上认为肥胖的人提供相同的营养时，大脑活动并没有减缓，多巴胺水平也没有上升。)”可知，研究人员主要关注的是大脑活动和多巴胺水平。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The study, published Mnday in Nature Metablism, was a cntrlled clinical trial in which 30 peple cnsidered t be medically bese and 30 peple f nrmal weight were fed sugar carbhydrates (glucse), fats (lipids) r water (as a cntrl).(周一在《自然代谢》杂志上发表的这项研究是一项对照临床试验，其中30名医学上认为肥胖的人和30名体重正常的人被喂食糖碳水化合物——葡萄糖、脂肪——脂质、或水——作为对照。)”可知，在进行研究时，首先将参与者按照体重分成两组，给每组参与者分别喂食同样的营养物质。根据第四段中的“As either sugars r fats entered the stmach via the tube, researchers used functinal magnetic resnance(磁共振) imaging and single-phtn emissin cmputed tmgraphy(断层扫描技术) t capture the brain’s respnse ver 30 minutes.(当糖或脂肪通过胃食管进入胃时，研究人员使用了磁共振扫描和成像与断层扫描技术，以在30分钟内捕捉大脑的反应。)”可知，在喂食时研究人员会监测大脑的反应。根据第六段“Next, the study asked peple with besity t lse 10% f their bdy weight within three mnths — an amunt f weight knwn t imprve bld sugars, reset metablism and bst verall health.(接下来，这项研究要求肥胖者在三个月内减掉10%的体重，这个体重可以改善血糖，重置新陈代谢，促进整体健康。)”和第七段中的“Tests were repeated as befre — with surprising results.(按照之前的模式重复测试，结果令人惊讶。)”可知，肥胖者减肥后再次重复测试。由此可知，该研究的正确步骤是②①④③。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段中的“Lsing weight did nt reset the brain in peple with besity.(减肥并没有使肥胖者的大脑重新设置。)”可推测出，减肥对大脑对于食物的反应方面没有影响。故选A。
【15题详解】
标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Accrding t a new study, besity may even damage the brain’s ability t recgnize the sensatin f fullness and be satisfied after eating fats and sugars.(根据一项新的研究，肥胖甚至可能损害大脑识别饱腹感的能力，以及在摄入脂肪和糖后感到满足的能力。)”和第二段“Further, thse brain changes may last even after peple cnsidered medically bese lse a significant amunt f weight — pssibly explaining why many peple ften regain the punds they lse.(此外，即使在医学上被认为肥胖的人减掉了大量体重后，这些大脑变化也可能持续下去——这可能解释了为什么许多人经常会重拾他们减掉的体重。)”可知，本文主要讲述了一项研究说明，肥胖可能损害大脑识别饱腹感的能力，以及在摄入脂肪和糖后感到满足的能力，而且即使人们减掉了大量体重，这些大脑变化也可能持续下去，所以许多人经常会反弹。由此可推测出。B项“肥胖对大脑的持续影响”最适合作本文标题。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have yu ever struggled t understand hw smene else feels? Building up yur empathy (同理心) skills helps yu cnnect with yur friends. ____16____
What is empathy?
Empathy is a kind f capability that lets yu step int smene else’s shes and then figure ut hw they are feeling. Fr instance, if yu can see yur friend is upset after lsing a ftball match and yu supprt them by telling them sme warm and mtivating wrds, yu are shwing empathy. Miranda McKeamey set up an rganizatin called EmpathyLab that builds empathy thrugh reading. ____17____ “Empathy is a frce fr change,” she says.
____18____
Scientists say empathy isn’t smething yu are brn with, it’s a skill yu can acquire thrugh learning. One way yu can d this is by active listening. When smene is talking t yu, listen clsely and respnd in a way that shws yu understand their situatins and emtins thrughly. Reading, advcated by EmpathyLab, is als a great way t bst empathy, since stries can take yu inside smene else’s mind and shw yu the wrld thrugh their eves and emtins.
Put empathy int actin.
____19____ This culd mean trying ut smething that is imprtant t a friend r family member, like explring their favrite place. EmpathyLab advcated ideas fr putting empathy int actin in schls r at hme. That might be cnnecting with smene new in yur class and having a friendly cnversatin, r making small changes t yur behaviur. All small acts f kindness t thers can make a difference, which in turn will be cpied by smene else. ____20____
A. Hw can yu have mre empathy?
B. Wh need empathy mst in daily life?
C. Besides, it als spreads kindness and inspires them t d the same.
D. T find ut mre cnducts yu can d, lg in
E. Only by putting empathy int actin can yu relate t thers’ bad lives.
F. She believes even small, supprtive actins can have a psitive impact.
G. Miranda recmmends ging int the thick f peple’s lives t shw empathy.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍什么是同理心，获得同理心的方法和将同理心付诸行动的做法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Have yu ever struggled t understand hw smene else feels? Building up yur empathy (同理心) skills helps yu cnnect with yur friends. (你是否曾努力去理解别人的感受？培养同理心可以帮助你与朋友建立联系)”及下文各小标题可知，设空处应继续说同理心的好处，引出下文对同理心的介绍，C选项“此外，它还传播善意，并激励他们也这样做。”符合题意，顺承上文，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Miranda McKeamey set up an rganizatin called EmpathyLab that builds empathy thrugh reading. (米兰达·麦基米成立了一个名为“共情实验室”的组织，通过阅读培养共情能力)”和下文““Empathy is a frce fr change,” she says. (同理心是一种改变的力量，”她说)”可知，设空处应表达为米兰达·麦基米认可同理心，表达自己的看法，F选项“她认为，即使是很小的支持性行动也能产生积极的影响。”符合题意，并且呼应下文，故选F。
【18题详解】
设空处为小标题。根据下文内容“Scientists say empathy isn’t smething yu are brn with, it’s a skill yu can acquire thrugh learning. One way yu can d this is by active listening. When smene is talking t yu, listen clsely and respnd in a way that shws yu understand their situatins and emtins thrughly. Reading, advcated by EmpathyLab, is als a great way t bst empathy, since stries can take yu inside smene else’s mind and shw yu the wrld thrugh their eves and emtins. (科学家表示，同理心不是与生俱来的，而是一种可以通过学习获得的技能。其中一个方法就是积极倾听。当有人和你说话时，仔细倾听，并以一种表明你完全理解他们的处境和情绪的方式回应。同理心实验室提倡的阅读也是增强同理心的好方法，因为故事可以让你进入别人的内心，通过他们的眼睛和情感向你展示这个世界)”可知，本段主要讲获得同理心的方法，A选项“你怎样才能有更多的同理心？”符合本段主旨，故选A。
【19题详解】
下文“This culd mean trying ut smething that is imprtant t a friend r family member, like explring their favrite place. (这可能意味着要尝试一些对朋友或家人很重要的东西。比如探索他们最喜欢的地方)”，G选项“米兰达建议深入人们的生活，以表达同情。”中的“peple’s lives”呼应上文的“their favrite place”，也就是要去家人或者朋友中的生活中去做一些事情来表达同情，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“EmpathyLab advcated ideas fr putting empathy int actin in schls r at hme. That might be cnnecting with smene new in yur class and having a friendly cnversatin, r making small changes t yur behaviur. All small acts f kindness t thers can make a difference, which in turn will be cpied by smene else. (同理心实验室提倡在学校或家庭中将同理心付诸行动。这可能是与班上的新同学建立联系，进行友好的交谈，或者对你的行为做出一些小改变。所有对别人的小善举都能产生影响，而这反过来又会被别人模仿)”可知，这些都是将同理心付诸行动的一些做法，D选项“想了解更多你可以做的行为，请登录”中的“mre cnducts yu can d”符合本段中付诸行动的具体做法，所以顺承上文，符合题意，故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完型填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和 D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.
In the back f my clset, there is a small cardbard chest that has fllwed me t every ne f my new addresses. Until nw, the nly ____21____ cntents in it are three wrapped ____22____ marked in my mther’s tidy handwriting: “Engagement”, “Wedding” and “First Baby”.
When I was three, my mther learned that she had advanced breast cancer. When I was seven, she had begun ____23____ a gift bx fr me. Inside, she packed presents and letters fr the ____24____ f my life she was ging t be missing — driver’s license, graduatin, and every birthday until the age f 30.
My mther died ten days befre ur ____25____ birthday. That mrning, when I turned 12 and she wuld have turned 49, I wke up early and pened the package ____26____ “12th Birthday”. A white card curling arund the present ____27____: “I always ____28____ a birthstne ring when I was a little girl. Yur Granny finally bught me ne and I lved it mre than I can say. I hpe yu like it, t.” I put n the ring and ____29____ her writing with my fingertip.
On the mrning f my high schl graduatin, a _____30_____ f pearls appeared as I pened the wrapped present. Her nte read: “There seemed t be a _____31_____ in my family that when girls graduated frm high schl, they received pearls.” I wre the pearls that afternn as I tk the stage t accept my diplma.
Year after year, my mther _____32_____ frward in time t meet me. When I was a child, pening the next package felt like a treasure _____33_____. As I grew lder, her message met me like guidepsts in a dark frest. If her wrds culdn’t pint the way, at least they ffered the _____34_____ f knwing that smene had been there befre and that I have been _____35_____, wildly lved.
21. A. fllwingB. remainingC. entireD. full
22. A. plasticsB. prductsC. piecesD. presents
23 A. wrkingB. preparingC. writingD. receiving
24. A. milestnesB. majrsC. purpsesD. centers
25. A. individualB. usualC. sharedD. natinal
26. A. markedB. celebratedC. createdD. made
27. A. readB. sundedC. fundD. signed
28. A. called frB. std frC. paid frD. lnged fr
29. A. tackledB. tracedC. revealedD. cnfirmed
30. A. listB. stringC. matterD. variety
31. A. memberB. prblemC. impressinD. traditin
32. A. putB. lkedC. traveledD. stepped
33. A. huseB. bxC. mapD. hunt
34. A. prpertyB. srrwC. cmfrtD. value
35. A. deeplyB. temprarilyC. unfrtunatelyD. simply
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的妈妈得了乳腺癌，为了不错过作者人生中具有里程碑意义的时刻，妈妈在作者7岁的时候就为她准备礼盒。虽然妈妈不在了，但作者依然能感到母亲对她的爱。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，里面尚存着三个包装好的礼物，上面用我母亲整洁的笔迹写着：“订婚”、“婚礼”和“第一个孩子”。A. fllwing下列的；B. remaining尚存的；C. entire全部的，整个的；D. full满的。根据句中“three wrapped 2 marked in my mther’s tidy handwriting: ‘Engagement’, ‘Wedding’ and ‘First Baby’”可推知，现在只剩三个尚未打开的礼物了。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. plastics塑料；B. prducts产品；C. pieces片，条；D. presents礼物。根据下文“Inside, she packed presents and letters fr the __4__ f my life she was ging t be missing — driver’s license, graduatin, and every birthday until the age f 30.”可知这是妈妈送的礼物，presents原词重现。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我七岁的时候，她开始为我准备一个礼盒。A. wrking工作；B. preparing准备；C. writing写；D. receiving接受。根据上文“When I was three, my mther learned that she had advanced breast cancer.”可知妈妈得了严重的癌症，所以提前为作者准备礼物。prepare sth.fr sb.为某人准备某物，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在里面，她包了一些礼物和信件，这些是她将错过的我人生中的里程碑——驾照、毕业、直到三十岁的每一次生日。A. milestnes里程碑；B. majrs专业；C. purpses目的；D. centers中心。根据下文“driver’s license, graduatin, and every birthday until the age f 30.”可知，这些事件都是我人生中的里程碑。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我母亲在我们共同生日的前十天去世了。A. individual个人的；B. usual通常的；C. shared共同的，共享的；D. natinal国家的。根据下文“That mrning, when I turned 12 and she wuld have turned 49”可知，作者和妈妈是同一天生日，那天是我们共同的生日。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天早上，当我满12岁的时候，她已经49岁了，我很早就醒了，打开了标有12岁生日的包裹。A. marked标明，标示；B. celebrated庆祝；C. created创造；D. made制作。根据上文“Until nw, the nly ____1____ cntents in it are three wrapped ____2____ marked in my mther’s tidy handwriting: ‘Engagement’, ‘Wedding’ and ‘First Baby’.”可知，12岁生日礼物上也作了标记，mark原词重现。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一张缠绕在卡片周围的白色卡片上写着：“当我还是个小女孩的时候，我一直渴望着一枚诞生石戒指。你奶奶终于给我买了一件，我非常喜欢，希望你也喜欢。”A. read写着；B. sunded听起来；C. fund找到；D. signed签署。根据下文“I always ____8___ a birthstne ring when I was a little girl. Yur Granny finally bught me ne and I lved it mre than I can say. I hpe yu like it, t.”可知，此处指卡片上写的内容。以及下文“Her nte read: ‘There seemed t be a ___11___ in my family that when girls graduated frm high schl, they received pearls’”中也有原词重现read，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一直渴望着一枚出生石戒指。A. called fr需要；B. std fr代表；C. paid fr支付；D. lnged fr渴望。根据下文“Yur Granny finally bught me ne and I lved it mre than I can say.”可知，妈妈渴望有一枚出生石戒指，空处意为“渴望”。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我戴上戒指，用指尖描出她的字迹。A. tackled果断处理，高效解决；B. traced描绘；C. revealed透露，泄露；D. cnfirmed确认，证实。根据下文“with my fingertip”可知，此处意为“用指尖描出她的字迹”。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我高中毕业的那天早上，当我打开包装好的礼物时，一串珍珠链出现了。A. list清单；B. string串；C. matter事情；D. variety品种。结合常识可知，珍珠是串起来的，a string f pearls意为“一串珍珠”。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的便条上写道：“我们家似乎有一个传统，女孩子高中毕业时，会收到珍珠。”A. member成员；B. prblem问题；C. impressin印象；D. traditin传统。根据下文“when girls graduated frm high schl, they received pearls.”可知，女孩子高中毕业时，会收到珍珠，这是一个家族传统。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：年复一年，母亲都溯时间之流而上与我相见。A. put放，摆；B. lked看；C. traveled旅行；D. stepped迈步。虽然妈妈去世多年，但是通过给作者准备礼物，不错过作者生命中里程碑意义的时刻，妈妈一直随时间旅行陪伴作者，所以，此处应使用动词traveled意为“溯时间之流”，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，打开下一个包裹就像在寻宝。A. huse房子；B. bx盒子；C. map地图；D. hunt搜寻。根据上文“When I was a child, pening the next package felt like”可知对于小孩子来说拆开礼物就像是探险一样，a treasure hunt意为“寻宝”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果她的话不能指明方向，至少它们能给我带来安慰，让我知道曾经有人在那里，我深深地、疯狂地被爱着。A. prperty所有物，财产；B. srrw悲伤；C. cmfrt安慰；D. value价值。根据下文“smene had been there befre and that I have been ___15__ , wildly lved.”可知妈妈的爱一直陪伴着作者，爱能给作者带来安慰，此处意为“安慰”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. deeply深深地；B. temprarily临时地，暂时地；C. unfrtunately不幸地；D. simply只不过，仅仅。根据上文“When I was seven, she had begun ___3__ a gift bx fr me. Inside, she packed presents and letters fr the __4___ f my life she was ging t be missing — driver’s license, graduatin, and every birthday until the age f 30.”可知妈妈一直深深地爱着作者。空处与wildly(疯狂地)构成并列关系，修饰动词lved，表示是“深深地(被爱着)”。故选A。
第II卷(55分)
注意事项:用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rujiam,als called rugam, is ne f the mst ppular Chinese snacks. Despite its ___36___ (cmpare)t a hamburger, it carries far mre gegraphical and histrical meaning.
Rujiam is____37____(clse) assciated with the nrth-central city f Xi’an, in Shaanxi prvince. Since 202 BCE, Xi’an has been bth the eastern terminal f the Silk Rad and the capital fr 13 mre-r-less successive Chinese___38___(dynasty).
Traditinally, Rujiam mainly cnsists f tw parts--the flatbread and the filling. The meat preparatin used t make the filling fr rujiam dates back____39____the Warring States perid. The intrductin int China f Central Asian-style flatbreads, like the kind used in rujiam, in general,___40___(we) t Ban Cha, a Chinese general wh spent ver 30 years battling____41____unin f nmadic(游牧的)tribes t regain cntrl f the farthest western reaches f China. The flatbread bun, called baijim, takes its name frm____42____is tday knwn as Beiji twnship. There exist differences between the flatbreads used fr different districts in Shaanxi. Fr example, the flatbread used fr Tngguan rujiam is unlike___43___used in the Xi’an style. Tngguan rujiam,was named after a twn that, in days lng past, ____44____guard)a strategic pass rughly 120km east f Xi’an.
Despite its tasty flavr, it’s risky____45____(eat) n the g. Prper rujiam is filled t bursting, regardless f the ptential cnsequences fr ne’s clthes and dry-cleaning budget.
【答案】36. cmparisn
37. clsely
38. dynasties
39. t 40. is wed
41. a 42. what
43. that 44. guarded
45. t eat
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的小吃肉夹馍的历史以及特点。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：尽管它被比作汉堡包，但它承载着更多的地理和历史意义。形容词性物主代词its修饰名词，作宾语，应用名词cmparisn，不可数。故填cmparisn。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：肉夹馍与陕西省中北部城市西安有着密切的联系。修饰形容词assciated应用副词clsely，故填clsely。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：自公元前202年以来，西安既是丝绸之路的东端，也是中国13个差不多连续的朝代的首都。dynasty为可数名词，根据上文13 mre-r-less successive Chinese可知用复数形式。故填dynasties。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：肉夹馍的馅料可以追溯到战国时期。短语date back t表示“追溯到”。故填t。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：一般来说，中亚风格的面饼（比如肉夹馍中的面饼）传入中国要归功于中国将军班超，他花了30多年时间与游牧部落联盟作战，重新夺回了对中国最西部地区的控制。主语与谓语构成被动关系，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为The intrductin int China f Central Asian-style flatbreads，谓语用单数。故填is wed。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一般来说，中亚风格的面饼（比如肉夹馍中的面饼）传入中国要归功于中国将军班超，他花了30多年时间与游牧部落联盟作战，重新夺回了对中国最西部地区的控制。此处为短语a unin f表示“团结”。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：这种被称为“白吉馍”的馒头得名于今天的北集乡。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故填what。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：例如，铜关肉夹馍所用的面饼与西安风味的面饼不同。此处指上文同类事物flatbread，后跟定语，应用代词that。故填that。
【44题详解】
考查时态。句意：铜关肉夹馍得名于一个小镇，在很久以前，它守卫着西安以东约120公里处的一个战略关口。根据上文in days lng past可知为一般过去时。故填guarded。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管味道鲜美，但在路上吃也是有风险的。此处为it be adj. t d sth.，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语。故填t eat。
第四部分 任务型阅读(共两节,满分20分)
任务型阅读
One late afternn, Tina was driving n a highway when a severe snwstrm hit with n sign befre. In a shrt time, the heavy snw, cupled with the strng wind, turned everything int white and made the rad extremely dangerus.
Tina later fund ut that this kind f strm is called a “Saskatchewan screamer”, which cmes n extremely fast with high winds. It’s really frightening and deadly t be caught in such extreme weather.
Unable t see the rad clearly, Tina had t stp her car and call 911. The peratr tld her that phne calls fr help kept flding in and all the rescuers had been called ut. She suggested that Tina shuld wait ut the strm in her car rather than risk driving n r ging ut. She tk Tina’s infrmatin and tld her that an fficer wuld call her back. Tina waited anxiusly fr almst tw hurs, but nbdy called her yet t check in. “The strm shwed n sign f stpping. What was wrse, it was getting dark. I culdn’t see anything utside the car since the snw had cvered all the windws. The wind was still hwling and the temperature was getting lwer and lwer in the car. I had n idea whm I culd turn t fr help,” Tina later wrte in a Facebk pst. “Alne and cld，I began t panic, wrrying abut getting hit by an ncming vehicle, getting buried in a snwbank, having my tailpipe blcked by the snw... I was really wrried I culdn’t ever make it hme t my family."
That was when Tina realized that it was n use waiting passively fr help. She decided t d smething herself. S she tk ut her cellphne, lgged n t the Ggle Map and determined her lcatin. She fund nline a neighbrhd Facebk grup fr the area that she was passing thrugh and shared a cmment abut her truble with her lcatin marked n the map. Then all she culd d next was sitting in the car, praying smene culd make a respnse t her as early as pssible.
Frtunately, Tina’s request reached 80-year-ld retired rescuer Frank.
46. 根据文本内容从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填入文本图示中，每词限用一次，两词为多余选项。
47. What was the majr prblem Tina faced?
__________________________________________________________________________
48. After waiting fr almst 2 hurs wh wuld help her? Then what did she decide t d?
__________________________________________________________________________
49. Was it easy fr Frank t rescue Tina? Why?
__________________________________________________________________________
50. What will Tina think f the experience and Frank?
__________________________________________________________________________
【答案】46. ①. warning ②. called ③. deadly ④. waiting ⑤. wrriedly ⑥. failed ⑦. successfully ⑧. decisin ⑨. prayed ⑩. Luckily
47. She was caught in a snwstrm when she was driving./Tina was driving n a high way when a snwstrm hit withut warning.
48 N ne/Nbdy. She decided t d smething herself./She upladed a cmment abut her truble with lcatin n Facebk.
49. N, it wasn’t. It was really tugh/hard/difficult/risky fr the 80-year-ld Frank t rescue smene in such extreme weather.
50. It was an unfrgettable/a scary experience and Frank is really brave and warm-hearted.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Tina高速公路上行驶，突然来了一场暴风雪，文章讲述她如何寻求帮助。
【46题详解】
考查细节理解。由第一段的“One late afternn, Tina was driving n a highway when a severe snwstrm hit with n sign befre.(一天下午晚些时候，蒂娜开车在高速公路上行驶，突然来了一场暴风雪，之前没有任何征兆。)”，一场暴风雪毫无征兆地袭来，第一空意为“预兆”，用warning；由第二段“Tina later fund ut that this kind f strm is called a “Saskatchewan screamer”, which cmes n extremely fast with high winds.(蒂娜后来发现，这种风暴被称为“Saskatchewan screamer”，它伴随着大风来得非常快。)”可知，这种风暴被叫做“Saskatchewan screamer”，第二空意为“称……为”，是call，strm和call之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此第二空用过去分词表被动；由第二段“It’s really frightening and deadly t be caught in such extreme weather.(遇到这样极端的天气真是可怕又要命。)”可知，遇到这样极端的天气真是可怕又要命，第三空意为“致命的”，用形容词deadly作表语；由第三段“She suggested that Tina shuld wait ut the strm in her car rather than risk driving n r ging ut.(她建议蒂娜在车里等暴风雨过去，而不是冒险开车或出去。)”可知，蒂娜拨打了911，接线员建议她在车里等暴风雨过去，第四空意为“等待”，是wait，suggest ne’s ding意为“建议某人做某事”，因此第4空用动名词waiting；由第三段“Tina waited anxiusly fr almst tw hurs, but nbdy called her yet t check in.(蒂娜焦急地等了将近两个小时，但还没有人打电话给她登记。)”可知，Tina是很担心地等待，第5空意为“担心地”，用副词wrriedly修饰动词waited；第三段“Tina waited anxiusly fr almst tw hurs, but nbdy called her yet t check in.(蒂娜焦急地等了将近两个小时，但还没有人打电话给她登记。)”可知，她没有得到回应，第6空意为“没能”，是fail，由waited可知，第6空用过去式；根据第三段“I was really wrried I culdn’t ever make it hme t my family.(我真的很担心我再也回不了家了。)”可知，她担心自己是否能成功地回家，第7空意为“成功地”，用副词successfully修饰动词短语g back；根据第四段“She decided t d smething herself.(她决定自己做点什么。)”可知，她决定做点什么，第8空意为“决定”，用名词decisin作宾语；根据倒数第二段“Then all she culd d next was sitting in the car, praying smene culd make a respnse t her as early as pssible.(接下来她所能做的就是坐在车里，祈祷有人能尽快给她一个答复。)”可知，她祈祷有人能给她一个回复，第9空意为“祈祷”，是pray，由sat可知，第9空用过去式；由最后一段“Frtunately, Tina’s request reached 80-year-ld retired rescuer Frank.(幸运的是，蒂娜的请求传到了80岁的退休救援人员弗兰克的手中。)”可知，第10空意为“幸运的是”，用副词luckily修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母大写。故填warning，called，deadly，waiting，wrriedly，failed，successfully，decisin，prayed，Luckily。
【47题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“One late afternn, Tina was driving n a highway when a severe snwstrm hit with n sign befre.(一天下午晚些时候，蒂娜开车在高速公路上行驶，突然来了一场暴风雪，之前没有任何征兆。)”可知，蒂娜面临的主要问题是她开车时遇到了暴风雪，故答案为She was caught in a snwstrm when she was driving./Tina was driving n a high way when a snwstrm hit withut warning.
【48题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Tina waited anxiusly fr almst tw hurs, but nbdy called her yet t check in.(蒂娜焦急地等了将近两个小时，但还没有人打电话给她登记。)”可知，等了将近两个小时，某人来帮她；根据倒数第二段“She decided t d smething herself. S she tk ut her cellphne, lgged n t the Ggle Map and determined her lcatin. She fund nline a neighbrhd Facebk grup fr the area that she was passing thrugh and shared a cmment abut her truble with her lcatin marked n the map.(她决定自己做点什么。于是她拿出手机，登录谷歌地图，确定了自己的位置。她在网上找到了她所经过地区的一个社区Facebk小组，并分享了她在地图上标记自己位置时遇到的麻烦。)”可知，她决定自己做点什么，她在Facebk上上传了一条关于定位问题的评论。故答案为N ne/Nbdy. She decided t d smething herself./She upladed a cmment abut her truble with lcatin n Facebk.
【49题详解】
考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Frtunately, Tina’s request reached 80-year-ld retired rescuer Frank.(幸运的是，蒂娜的请求传到了80岁的退休救援人员弗兰克的手中。)”可知，弗兰克救出蒂娜不容易，因为对80岁的弗兰克来说，在这样极端的天气里救人真的很困难。故答案为N, it wasn’t. It was really tugh/hard/difficult/risky fr the 80-year-ld Frank t rescue smene in such extreme weather.
【50题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第一段“In a shrt time, the heavy snw, cupled with the strng wind, turned everything int white and made the rad extremely dangerus.(不一会儿，大雪，再加上强风，把一切都变成了白色，使道路变得极其危险。)”可知，天气很恶劣，只有Frank可能会来救她，她将会认为这是一次难忘的或可怕的经历，她会认为弗兰克真的很勇敢，很热心。故答案为It was an unfrgettable/a scary experience and Frank is really brave and warm-hearted.
第五部分 写作 (满分20分)
51. 你校将举行以“善待野生动物，实现和谐共处”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 野生动物的重要性；
2. 野生动物的现状及其原因；
3. 发出号召。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Gd afternn, everyne!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thanks fr yur listening.
【答案】One pssible versin:
Gd afternn, everyne!
What is knwn t all is that all the animals play a part in keeping the balance f nature. Unfrtunately, many wild animals are facing the danger f extinctin. The reasns are varius. On ne hand, the envirnment that they are living in has been greatly destryed. On the ther hand，they are being ver hunted.
S we must take measures t prtect them. We shuld raise ur awareness f animal prtectin. Besides, let’s make every effrt t prtect animals’ living envirnment.
I hpe we can live in harmny with animals Let’s take actin.
That’s all. Thanks fr yur listening.
【解析】
【分析】本篇是一篇应用文。要求考生就关于“善待野生动物，实现和谐共处”为主题的英语演讲比赛写一篇发言稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
贡献力量：play a part in→ play a rle in
各种各样的：varius→all kinds f
另外：Besides→what’s mre
采取措施做某事：take steps t d sth→take measures t d sth
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：On ne hand, the envirnment that they are living in has been greatly destryed. On the ther hand，they are being ver hunted.
拓展句：While they are being ver hunted, the envirnment that they are living in has been greatly destryed.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What is knwn t all is that all the animals play a part in keeping the balance f nature. （运用了连接代词what引导的主语从句以及动名词做宾语）
【高分句型2】The reasns are varius. On ne hand, the envirnment that they are living in has been greatly destryed. On the ther hand，they are being ver hunted. （运用了On ne the ther hand句型的表达，使得文章逻辑更加清晰）
听力答案：1-5 BCBBC 6-10BACCC 11-15 BABBC 16-20 ABABBrequest die succeed luck call pray
warn wrry wait failure adjust decide
Tina was driving n a highway when a snwstrm hit withut ________ .
Tina fund the strm ________ a "Saskatchewan screamer cmes n extremely fast with high winds.
It is really frightening and ________ t be caught in such extreme weather.
Tina a called 911 and the peratr suggested her ________ ut the strm in her car.
Tina waited ________ fr almst tw hurs but ________ t get the respnse.
The weather cnditins gt wrse and wrse. Tina wrried if she culd g back hme ________.
Tina made a ________ t d smething fr herself. She upladed a cmment abut her truble with lcatin.
Then she just sat in the car and ________ smene culd make a respnse as sn as pssible.
________, Tina’s request reached 80-year ld retired rescuer Frank.
……
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1. 5分，共7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is Nancy’s plan fr Christmas?
A. T have dinner at hme. B. T d vlunteer wrk. C. T visit sme friends.
2. Which subject des the girl dislike?
A. Art. B. Gegraphy. C. Histry.
3. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In a phne shp. B. In a bkstre. C. In the library.
4. What des the wman mean?
A. She is likely t visit the castle.
B. She is impressed with the visit.
C. She is disappinted at the castle.
5. What des the girl want?
A. A sweater. B. A dress. C. Shes.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the speakers’ destinatin?
A. The markets. B. The water gardens. C. The ancient district.
7. Wh is the wman ging t get a present fr?
A. Her dad. B. Her mum. C. Her sister.
听第7段材料，回答第 8 、9题。
8. Hw des the wman suggest the man travel?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By subway.
9. Why will the man g t the city center?
A. T find a jb. B. T take a class. C. T meet his friend.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 13 题。
10. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. At a restaurant. B. In a hspital. C. Over the phne.
11. What is changing temprarily abut the stre?
A. The prices f dishes.
B. The pen area fr custmers.
C. The pening hurs.
12. What is the purpse f the change?
A. T limit custmers’ cntact.
B. T save custmers’ time.
C. T tuch less fd.
13. What will be used in this week’s special in the end?
A. Chicken. B. Seafd. C. Beef.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17题。
14. What is the wman’s majr?
A. Architecture. B. Engineering. C. Infrmatin technlgy.
15. What factr des the wman care mst abut building design?
A. Lw csts. B. Mdern styles. C. Envirnmental prtectin.
16. What is the wman’s biggest design idea abut?
A. Keeping heat. B. Generating electricity. C. Supplying water.
17. What des the man think f the wman’s ideas?
A. Impractical. B. Wnderful. C. Outdated.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. What can turists see in the Entrance Hall?
A. Sme paintings
B. Sme real flwers and leaves
C. An exhibitin f extinct animals
19. When can turists watch a shrt film abut the earth?
A. At 2:35 p.m. B. At 3:25 p.m. C. At 5:10 p.m.
20. Where is the bkshelf?
A. On the first flr B. On the secnd flr C. On the third flr
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
David Shepherd Wildlife Fundatin (DSWF) is delighted t welcme faithful supprters and new friends t jin us at ur annual Wildlife Ball t celebrate the natural wrld and cnservatin. Hsted by the grand Drchester Htel in Lndn, the DSWF Wildlife Ball will take place n the 27th July 2024 where we’ll bring the wilderness t life with ur very wn Sundwn Safari (观赏之旅).
Jin a black-tie gastrnmical (美食) safari
As part f a black-tie gastrnmical safari, guests will be treated t a muth-watering three-curse meal, enjy wrld-class entertainment and listen t insightful and inspiring speeches abut DSWF’s cnservatin wrk t turn the tables n extinctin.
The DSWF Wildlife Ball helps raise vital funds and awareness fr ur essential wrk, prtecting endangered species and their habitats acrss the wrld. After a year away we are excited t be welcming yu back and lk frward t being yur guides at what prmises t be a night t remember in supprt f wildlife.
Last year, the virtual Wildlife Ball raised ver £ 800,000 fr DSWF’s vital cnservatin effrts acrss Africa and Asia, despite nt being able t celebrate in persn. We are really excited t invite yu back t the Drchester Htel, wh are ur generus hsts, and tgether aim t celebrate wildlife and the wilderness in style and t raise vital funds t help in the fight fr a greener future.
Bk tickets t the Wildlife Ball 2024
Bk tickets r register yur interest tday t avid disappintment. Either by emailing the team at wildlifeball @ davidshepherd.rg r by calling the DSWF ffice n 01483 272323.
Individual Tickets: £ 200(Children under 12 get 40%ff)
VIP packages are available n request.
1. What d we learn abut Wildlife Ball 2024?
A. It’ll be held in the wild.
B. It’ll ffer guests a delicius meal.
C. It’ll allw guests t watch ball games.
D. It’ll be fllwed by a guided tur f Lndn.
2. What’s the main purpse f hsting Wildlife Ball 2024?
A. T entertain supprtersB. T celebrate the festival
C. T btain financial supprt.D. T interact with wild animals.
3. What’s the admissin fee fr a cuple with their ten-year-ld twins?
A. £ 440.B. £ 520.C. £ 560.D. £ 640.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Drchester大酒店主办的DSWF野生动物舞会将于2024年7月27日举行，文章就其相关的项目活动安排，目的以及费用进行了详细解释。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Jin a black-tie gastrnmical (美食) safari部分内容“As part f a black-tie gastrnmical safari, guests will be treated t a muth-watering three-curse meal, enjy wrld-class entertainment and listen t insightful and inspiring speeches abut DSWF’s cnservatin wrk t turn the tables n extinctin.(作为一场正式的美食之旅的一部分，客人们将享用令人垂涎的三道菜大餐，享受世界级的娱乐活动，并听取有关DSWF保护工作的深刻和鼓舞人心的演讲，以扭转物种灭绝的命运。)”可知，Wildlife Ball 2024将会给客人提供美味大餐。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Jin a black-tie gastrnmical (美食) safari部分内容“We are really excited t invite yu back t the Drchester Htel, wh are ur generus hsts, and tgether aim t celebrate wildlife and the wilderness in style and t raise vital funds t help in the fight fr a greener future.(我们非常高兴地邀请您回到Drchester酒店，我们慷慨的主人，我们共同致力于以时尚的方式庆祝野生动物和荒野，并筹集重要资金，以帮助争取更绿色的未来。)”可知，2024野生动物舞会的目的在于筹集资金。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Bk tickets t the Wildlife Ball 2024部分内容“Individual Tickets: £ 200(Children under 12 get 40% ff)(个人票：200英镑（12岁以下儿童6折）)”可知，单人票价为200英镑，12岁以下儿童6折应是“200英镑*（100%-40%）=120英镑”，因此，一对夫妇两人带着10岁的双胞胎儿童，票价应是“200英镑*2+120英镑*2=640英镑”。故选D。
B
Having grwn up in nrthern Arizna with the immrtal Grand Canyn and the irn red plateaus f Sedna in my backyard, I believed that the suthwestern state is hme t the mst beautiful landscapes n the planet. Twering muntain titans, a czy valley and an infinite blue sky prmised fantastic ptential fr explratin. Fr me, n newly discvered sights r freign landscapes can cmpare with its beauty.
That is, until I was invited t explre Guizhu prvince by the China Stryteller Partnerships Tur. Had smene vividly described hw beautiful Guizhu can be in petic detail, they wuld nt have dne it exactly. There is n substitute fr seeing with ne’s wn eyes. I will attempt t d s.
During my trip arund the city f Xingyi, in Guizhu, I saw the artwrk f the Buyei ethnic grup. They use dyes prduced frm lcal plants t make clthing f striking blues and greens. Lcal elders still practice weaving with artful wden machines and pass that traditin n t their grandchildren.
My father used t drag my brthers and me n yearly fishing trips arund Arizna. We wuld cmpete t catch the largest fish, and in the mrnings, Dad wuld ck us a basic breakfast f bacn, eggs, and tast. I sat in a small bat in the middle f the lake, with fishing ple mving slwly in my impatient hands, and held my bred tngue while my father attempted t share with me the whispers f the wind, a fish dancing n the surface f the lake r the majesty f a hawk hunting fr prey verhead. On my trip t Guizhu I had the pprtunity t paddle n Wanfeng lake. At ne pint I rested, flating at the center f the lake, listening t the spaces between silence and taking in the surrunding karst (喀斯特) muntains. I thught abut my childhd, and wished I had listened mre clsely t my father while fishing.
I’ve lived away frm Arizna fr 10 lng years, carving my wn destiny in China. I’ve managed t build myself a family, a career, a livelihd, and varius prjects. I feel as thugh I have everything that I need. Fr a mment, in Guizhu, I felt hme.
4. What d we knw abut the authr’s hmetwn?
A. Situated in the nrth f US, it is hme t Grand Canyn.
B. It has varied landscapes, ranging frm plateau t valley.
C. Apparently, there’s n cmparisn in terms f beauty.
D. The authr spent his childhd and adulthd in his hmetwn.
5. What des the underlined wrd “substitute” prbably mean in paragraph 2?
A. Experience.B. Replacement.
C. Objectin.D. Agreement.
6. What is the purpse f paragraph 4?
A. T express his regret nt listening t his father clsely.
B. T recall the mst unfrgettable experience with his family.
C. T cmpare the trip n Wangfeng lake with his frmer fishing trips.
D. T suggest that his trip in Guizhu takes him back t his childhd.
7. What des the authr think f his life in Guizhu?
A. Unavidable.B. Favrable.
C. Demanding.D. Astnishing.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章讲述一个美国人对中国山水和人文的依恋。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Having grwn up in nrthern Arizna with the immrtal Grand Canyn and the irn red plateaus f Sedna in my backyard, I believed that the suthwestern state is hme t the mst beautiful landscapes n the planet.(我在Arizna州北部长大，在我的后院有不朽的大峡谷和铁红色的塞多纳高原，我相信这个西南部的州是地球上最美丽的风景的家园。)”可知，作者的家乡拥有从高原到山谷的各种景观。故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“That is, until I was invited t explre Guizhu prvince by the China Stryteller Partnerships Tur. Had smene vividly described hw beautiful Guizhu can be in petic detail, they wuld nt have dne it exactly.(直到我被China Stryteller Partnerships Tur邀请去贵州探险。如果有人用诗意的细节生动地描述贵州的美丽，他们不会准确地做到这一点。)”可知，作者在去贵州之前知道贵州的美曾在诗句中体现，直到他去了贵州，才体会到去了贵州就如同回到了自己美丽的家乡，因此推断划线句句意为“没有亲身体会是无法感知到的”，也就是说什么也代替不了亲眼所见。划线词substitute意为“代替”，和replacement意思相近。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“My father used t drag my brthers and me n yearly fishing trips arund Arizna.(我父亲过去每年都会拉着我和兄弟们去亚利桑那州钓鱼。)”提到了作者的父亲带作者去钓鱼，接下来描述了当时与父亲在一起钓鱼的经历和作者贵州之行的经历，结合本段最后一句“I thught abut my childhd, and wished I had listened mre clsely t my father while fishing.(我想起了我的童年，真希望我在钓鱼的时候能更仔细地听父亲的话。)”可推断，本段的目的是表明贵州之行让作者回忆起自己的童年时光。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I’ve lived away frm Arizna fr 10 lng years, carving my wn destiny in China. I’ve managed t build myself a family, a career, a livelihd, and varius prjects. I feel as thugh I have everything that I need. Fr a mment, in Guizhu, I felt hme.(我离开亚利桑那州生活了10年，在中国开创了自己的命运。我成功地建立了自己的家庭、事业、生计和各种各样的项目。我觉得我拥有了我所需要的一切。在贵州的那一刻，我有了家的感觉。)”可推断，对于在贵州的生活，作者是称赞的。故选B。
C
Lk ut the windw r walk ver t a patch f sil near yur hme. It culd be reddish brwn, black, dark gray r even the clur f rich, dark chclate. If it’s mist enugh, run yur hands thrugh it. It may separate int thick clumps that can hld water and later release it. With a few exceptins—such as desert sites—this is hw gd sil behaves.
In fact, the number f micrscpic rganisms that live in a shvelful f rich garden sil exceeds the number f plants and animals inhabiting the entire abvegrund Amazn rainfrest. And the Amazn is knwn fr having mre plants and animals than any ther land-based habitat.
Sil is what supprts life n Earth. Mst peple give it little thught, but it feeds us and the ecsystems arund us. It is where cuntless species make their hmes. It cllects water, pulls pllutants frm the air and helps supprt the planet’s atmsphere. Sil is ne f Mther Nature’s unsung heres.
And while mst sil lks like it’s static, just sitting there unmving, it actually hsts plenty f activities. Its earthwrms may be digging tunnels. Wrms are weightlifters. But they aren’t the nly nes making changes. Other creatures belw grund are t tiny t see with the unaided eye. These include ne celled creatures called prtza (单细胞生物). They imprve sil by eating bacteria and releasing nitrgen, which helps plants grw.
And then there are all thse bacteria. Mst peple think f them as dangerus. In sils, they nt nly serve as prey t beneficial prtza, but als perfrm an envirnmental service. They help recycle dead plant parts and animal tissues int nutrients. They even turn sme pllutants in sil and water int mre f the nutrients that can sustain the diverse species that make up lively ecsystems beneath ur feet.
8. What’s the purpse f mentining the Amazn rainfrest in the secnd paragraph?
A. T indicate the rich species in the Amazn rainfrest.
B. T intrduce the rich sil in the Amazn rainfrest.
C. T stress the variety f micrscpic rganisms in the rich sil.
D. T illustrate bidiversity abvegrund the Amazn rainfrest.
9. What can we infer frm the third paragraph?
A. Sil is smething that supprts life n Earth.
B. Sil prvides a variety f benefits t ur planet.
C. Sil determines the quality f ur ecsystems.
D. Sil is the Mther Nature’s unsung her.
10. Which f the fllwing sentences is TRUE accrding t the text?
A. The sil in the desert behaves as well as gd sil des.
B. Mst peple give thught t sil fr it supprts life n Earth.
C Mst sil indeed hsts plenty f activities thugh it lks quiet.
D The bacteria in sils almst d n gd t the envirnment.
11. Which f the fllwing is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A. Categries f the Sil n EarthB. The Disappearance f the Rich Sil
C. Bidiversity in the Amazn RainfrestD. Healthy Sil Supprts Life n Our Planet
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了土壤的重要性以及土壤支持地球上生命的各种方式。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“In fact, the number f micrscpic rganisms that live in a shvelful f rich garden sil exceeds the number f plants and animals inhabiting the entire abvegrund Amazn rainfrest.(事实上，生活在一锹肥沃的花园土壤中的微生物数量超过了生活在整个亚马逊雨林中的动植物数量。)”可知，提到亚马逊雨林是为了强调土壤中存在的大量微生物，并将其与亚马逊雨林的巨大生物多样性进行比较，亚马逊雨林被称为拥有最多动植物的栖息地，由此表明肥沃土壤中微生物的多样性。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“It is where cuntless species make their hmes. It cllects water, pulls pllutants frm the air and helps supprt the planet’s atmsphere. Sil is ne f Mther Nature’s unsung heres.( 这里是无数物种的家园。它收集水，从空气中吸收污染物，并帮助维持地球的大气。土壤是大自然母亲的无名英雄之一。)”可知，在第三段中，作者列举了土壤造福地球的方式，包括为我们和生态系统提供食物、为物种提供住所、收集水、过滤污染物和支持大气即土壤为我们的星球提供了各种各样的好处。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“And while mst sil lks like it’s static, just sitting there unmving, it actually hsts plenty f activities.(虽然大多数土壤看起来是静态的，只是坐在那里不动，但它实际上承载了大量的活动。)”可知，虽然土壤看起来是静态的，但它实际上承载着各种各样的活动，比如蚯蚓挖隧道和微生物回收养分。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Sil is what supprts life n Earth. (土壤维系着地球上的生命。)”以及倒数第二段中“And while mst sil lks like it’s static, just sitting there unmving, it actually hsts plenty f activities.(虽然大多数土壤看起来是静态的，只是坐在那里不动，但它实际上承载了大量的活动。)”以及最后一段中“Mst peple think f them as dangerus. In sils, they nt nly serve as prey t beneficial prtza, but als perfrm an envirnmental service. They help recycle dead plant parts and animal tissues int nutrients. They even turn sme pllutants in sil and water int mre f the nutrients that can sustain the diverse species that make up lively ecsystems beneath ur feet.( 大多数人认为它们很危险。在土壤中，它们不仅是有益原生动物的猎物，而且还具有环境服务作用。它们有助于将死去的植物和动物组织转化为营养物质。它们甚至将土壤和水中的一些污染物转化为更多的营养物质，这些营养物质可以维持构成我们脚下活跃生态系统的各种物种。)”可知，文章解释了土壤的重要性以及土壤支持地球上生命的各种方式。故选D。
D
It is widely accepted that being verweight definitely pses a danger t ur health. Accrding t a new study, besity may even damage the brain’s ability t recgnize the sensatin f fullness and be satisfied after eating fats and sugars.
Further, thse brain changes may last even after peple cnsidered medically bese lse a significant amunt f weight — pssibly explaining why many peple ften regain the punds they lse.
The study, published Mnday in Nature Metablism, was a cntrlled clinical trial in which 30 peple cnsidered t be medically bese and 30 peple f nrmal weight were fed sugar carbhydrates (glucse), fats (lipids) r water (as a cntrl). Each grup f nutrients was fed directly int the stmach via a feeding tube n separate days.
The night befre the testing, all 60 study participants had the same meal fr dinner at hme and did nt eat again until the feeding tube was in place the next mrning. As either sugars r fats entered the stmach via the tube, researchers used functinal magnetic resnance(磁共振) imaging and single-phtn emissin cmputed tmgraphy(断层扫描技术) t capture the brain’s respnse ver 30 minutes.
In peple with nrmal weight, the study fund brain signals in the striatum(纹状体) slwed when either sugars r fats were put int the digestive system — evidence that the brain recgnized the bdy had been fed. At the same time, levels f dpamine rse in thse at nrmal weight, signaling that the reward centers f the brain were als activated. Hwever, when the same nutrients were given via feeding tube t peple cnsidered medically bese, brain activity did nt slw, and dpamine levels did nt rise.
Next, the study asked peple with besity t lse 10% f their bdy weight within three mnths — an amunt f weight knwn t imprve bld sugars, reset metablism and bst verall health.
Tests were repeated as befre — with surprising results. Lsing weight did nt reset the brain in peple with besity.
Much mre research is needed t fully understand what besity des t the brain, and if that is triggered by the fat tissue itself, the types f fd eaten, r ther envirnmental and genetic factrs.
12. What aspects did the researchers mainly fcus n in the research?
A. Bld sugars and metablism.B. Diet and envirnmental factrs.
C. Nutrients and the digestive system.D. Brain activities and dpamine levels.
13. What are the crrect prcedures f the study?
①Prviding participants with the same nutrients separately.
②Classifying participants in different grups by weight.
③Repeating the test n thse wh lst required weight.
④Detecting the brain’s reactin f the participants.
A. ①④③②B. ④①②③
C. ②①④③D. ②①③④
14. What can be inferred abut the study?
A. Weight lss had n impact n the brain’s respnse t fd.
B. The level f dpamine was clsely related t peple’s brain activity.
C. Nutrients taken by participants affected their digestive system rather than brain activity.
D. The sum f dpamine released varied slightly amng participants with different weights.
15. What is the mst suitable title fr the article?
A. Effective Strategies fr Weight Lss in Obesity
B. The Persistent Effects f Obesity n the Brain
C. Explring the Brain’s Respnse t Sugars and Fats
D. Hw Obesity Harms the Brain’s Fullness Sensatin
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究表明肥胖可能损害大脑识别饱腹感的能力，以及在摄入脂肪和糖后感到满足的能力，而且在人们减掉了大量体重后，这些大脑变化也可能持续下去，这可能解释了为什么许多人经常会反弹。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“As either sugars r fats entered the stmach via the tube, researchers used functinal magnetic resnance(磁共振) imaging and single-phtn emissin cmputed tmgraphy(断层扫描技术) t capture the brain’s respnse ver 30 minutes.(当糖或脂肪通过胃食管进入胃时，研究人员使用了磁共振扫描和成像与断层扫描技术，以在30分钟内捕捉大脑的反应。)”和第五段“In peple with nrmal weight, the study fund brain signals in the striatum(纹状体) slwed when either sugars r fats were put int the digestive system — evidence that the brain recgnized the bdy had been fed. At the same time, levels f dpamine rse in thse at nrmal weight, signaling that the reward centers f the brain were als activated. Hwever, when the same nutrients were given via feeding tube t peple cnsidered medically bese, brain activity did nt slw, and dpamine levels did nt rise.(研究发现，在体重正常的人身上，当糖或脂肪被输入消化系统时，纹状体中的大脑信号速度减慢，这表明大脑识别出身体已经满足。与此同时，体重正常的人体内多巴胺水平升高，表明大脑的奖励中心也被激活。然而，当通过喂食管给医学上认为肥胖的人提供相同的营养时，大脑活动并没有减缓，多巴胺水平也没有上升。)”可知，研究人员主要关注的是大脑活动和多巴胺水平。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The study, published Mnday in Nature Metablism, was a cntrlled clinical trial in which 30 peple cnsidered t be medically bese and 30 peple f nrmal weight were fed sugar carbhydrates (glucse), fats (lipids) r water (as a cntrl).(周一在《自然代谢》杂志上发表的这项研究是一项对照临床试验，其中30名医学上认为肥胖的人和30名体重正常的人被喂食糖碳水化合物——葡萄糖、脂肪——脂质、或水——作为对照。)”可知，在进行研究时，首先将参与者按照体重分成两组，给每组参与者分别喂食同样的营养物质。根据第四段中的“As either sugars r fats entered the stmach via the tube, researchers used functinal magnetic resnance(磁共振) imaging and single-phtn emissin cmputed tmgraphy(断层扫描技术) t capture the brain’s respnse ver 30 minutes.(当糖或脂肪通过胃食管进入胃时，研究人员使用了磁共振扫描和成像与断层扫描技术，以在30分钟内捕捉大脑的反应。)”可知，在喂食时研究人员会监测大脑的反应。根据第六段“Next, the study asked peple with besity t lse 10% f their bdy weight within three mnths — an amunt f weight knwn t imprve bld sugars, reset metablism and bst verall health.(接下来，这项研究要求肥胖者在三个月内减掉10%的体重，这个体重可以改善血糖，重置新陈代谢，促进整体健康。)”和第七段中的“Tests were repeated as befre — with surprising results.(按照之前的模式重复测试，结果令人惊讶。)”可知，肥胖者减肥后再次重复测试。由此可知，该研究的正确步骤是②①④③。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段中的“Lsing weight did nt reset the brain in peple with besity.(减肥并没有使肥胖者的大脑重新设置。)”可推测出，减肥对大脑对于食物的反应方面没有影响。故选A。
【15题详解】
标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Accrding t a new study, besity may even damage the brain’s ability t recgnize the sensatin f fullness and be satisfied after eating fats and sugars.(根据一项新的研究，肥胖甚至可能损害大脑识别饱腹感的能力，以及在摄入脂肪和糖后感到满足的能力。)”和第二段“Further, thse brain changes may last even after peple cnsidered medically bese lse a significant amunt f weight — pssibly explaining why many peple ften regain the punds they lse.(此外，即使在医学上被认为肥胖的人减掉了大量体重后，这些大脑变化也可能持续下去——这可能解释了为什么许多人经常会重拾他们减掉的体重。)”可知，本文主要讲述了一项研究说明，肥胖可能损害大脑识别饱腹感的能力，以及在摄入脂肪和糖后感到满足的能力，而且即使人们减掉了大量体重，这些大脑变化也可能持续下去，所以许多人经常会反弹。由此可推测出。B项“肥胖对大脑的持续影响”最适合作本文标题。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have yu ever struggled t understand hw smene else feels? Building up yur empathy (同理心) skills helps yu cnnect with yur friends. ____16____
What is empathy?
Empathy is a kind f capability that lets yu step int smene else’s shes and then figure ut hw they are feeling. Fr instance, if yu can see yur friend is upset after lsing a ftball match and yu supprt them by telling them sme warm and mtivating wrds, yu are shwing empathy. Miranda McKeamey set up an rganizatin called EmpathyLab that builds empathy thrugh reading. ____17____ “Empathy is a frce fr change,” she says.
____18____
Scientists say empathy isn’t smething yu are brn with, it’s a skill yu can acquire thrugh learning. One way yu can d this is by active listening. When smene is talking t yu, listen clsely and respnd in a way that shws yu understand their situatins and emtins thrughly. Reading, advcated by EmpathyLab, is als a great way t bst empathy, since stries can take yu inside smene else’s mind and shw yu the wrld thrugh their eves and emtins.
Put empathy int actin.
____19____ This culd mean trying ut smething that is imprtant t a friend r family member, like explring their favrite place. EmpathyLab advcated ideas fr putting empathy int actin in schls r at hme. That might be cnnecting with smene new in yur class and having a friendly cnversatin, r making small changes t yur behaviur. All small acts f kindness t thers can make a difference, which in turn will be cpied by smene else. ____20____
A. Hw can yu have mre empathy?
B. Wh need empathy mst in daily life?
C. Besides, it als spreads kindness and inspires them t d the same.
D. T find ut mre cnducts yu can d, lg in
E. Only by putting empathy int actin can yu relate t thers’ bad lives.
F. She believes even small, supprtive actins can have a psitive impact.
G. Miranda recmmends ging int the thick f peple’s lives t shw empathy.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍什么是同理心，获得同理心的方法和将同理心付诸行动的做法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Have yu ever struggled t understand hw smene else feels? Building up yur empathy (同理心) skills helps yu cnnect with yur friends. (你是否曾努力去理解别人的感受？培养同理心可以帮助你与朋友建立联系)”及下文各小标题可知，设空处应继续说同理心的好处，引出下文对同理心的介绍，C选项“此外，它还传播善意，并激励他们也这样做。”符合题意，顺承上文，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Miranda McKeamey set up an rganizatin called EmpathyLab that builds empathy thrugh reading. (米兰达·麦基米成立了一个名为“共情实验室”的组织，通过阅读培养共情能力)”和下文““Empathy is a frce fr change,” she says. (同理心是一种改变的力量，”她说)”可知，设空处应表达为米兰达·麦基米认可同理心，表达自己的看法，F选项“她认为，即使是很小的支持性行动也能产生积极的影响。”符合题意，并且呼应下文，故选F。
【18题详解】
设空处为小标题。根据下文内容“Scientists say empathy isn’t smething yu are brn with, it’s a skill yu can acquire thrugh learning. One way yu can d this is by active listening. When smene is talking t yu, listen clsely and respnd in a way that shws yu understand their situatins and emtins thrughly. Reading, advcated by EmpathyLab, is als a great way t bst empathy, since stries can take yu inside smene else’s mind and shw yu the wrld thrugh their eves and emtins. (科学家表示，同理心不是与生俱来的，而是一种可以通过学习获得的技能。其中一个方法就是积极倾听。当有人和你说话时，仔细倾听，并以一种表明你完全理解他们的处境和情绪的方式回应。同理心实验室提倡的阅读也是增强同理心的好方法，因为故事可以让你进入别人的内心，通过他们的眼睛和情感向你展示这个世界)”可知，本段主要讲获得同理心的方法，A选项“你怎样才能有更多的同理心？”符合本段主旨，故选A。
【19题详解】
下文“This culd mean trying ut smething that is imprtant t a friend r family member, like explring their favrite place. (这可能意味着要尝试一些对朋友或家人很重要的东西。比如探索他们最喜欢的地方)”，G选项“米兰达建议深入人们的生活，以表达同情。”中的“peple’s lives”呼应上文的“their favrite place”，也就是要去家人或者朋友中的生活中去做一些事情来表达同情，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“EmpathyLab advcated ideas fr putting empathy int actin in schls r at hme. That might be cnnecting with smene new in yur class and having a friendly cnversatin, r making small changes t yur behaviur. All small acts f kindness t thers can make a difference, which in turn will be cpied by smene else. (同理心实验室提倡在学校或家庭中将同理心付诸行动。这可能是与班上的新同学建立联系，进行友好的交谈，或者对你的行为做出一些小改变。所有对别人的小善举都能产生影响，而这反过来又会被别人模仿)”可知，这些都是将同理心付诸行动的一些做法，D选项“想了解更多你可以做的行为，请登录”中的“mre cnducts yu can d”符合本段中付诸行动的具体做法，所以顺承上文，符合题意，故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完型填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和 D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.
In the back f my clset, there is a small cardbard chest that has fllwed me t every ne f my new addresses. Until nw, the nly ____21____ cntents in it are three wrapped ____22____ marked in my mther’s tidy handwriting: “Engagement”, “Wedding” and “First Baby”.
When I was three, my mther learned that she had advanced breast cancer. When I was seven, she had begun ____23____ a gift bx fr me. Inside, she packed presents and letters fr the ____24____ f my life she was ging t be missing — driver’s license, graduatin, and every birthday until the age f 30.
My mther died ten days befre ur ____25____ birthday. That mrning, when I turned 12 and she wuld have turned 49, I wke up early and pened the package ____26____ “12th Birthday”. A white card curling arund the present ____27____: “I always ____28____ a birthstne ring when I was a little girl. Yur Granny finally bught me ne and I lved it mre than I can say. I hpe yu like it, t.” I put n the ring and ____29____ her writing with my fingertip.
On the mrning f my high schl graduatin, a _____30_____ f pearls appeared as I pened the wrapped present. Her nte read: “There seemed t be a _____31_____ in my family that when girls graduated frm high schl, they received pearls.” I wre the pearls that afternn as I tk the stage t accept my diplma.
Year after year, my mther _____32_____ frward in time t meet me. When I was a child, pening the next package felt like a treasure _____33_____. As I grew lder, her message met me like guidepsts in a dark frest. If her wrds culdn’t pint the way, at least they ffered the _____34_____ f knwing that smene had been there befre and that I have been _____35_____, wildly lved.
21. A. fllwingB. remainingC. entireD. full
22. A. plasticsB. prductsC. piecesD. presents
23 A. wrkingB. preparingC. writingD. receiving
24. A. milestnesB. majrsC. purpsesD. centers
25. A. individualB. usualC. sharedD. natinal
26. A. markedB. celebratedC. createdD. made
27. A. readB. sundedC. fundD. signed
28. A. called frB. std frC. paid frD. lnged fr
29. A. tackledB. tracedC. revealedD. cnfirmed
30. A. listB. stringC. matterD. variety
31. A. memberB. prblemC. impressinD. traditin
32. A. putB. lkedC. traveledD. stepped
33. A. huseB. bxC. mapD. hunt
34. A. prpertyB. srrwC. cmfrtD. value
35. A. deeplyB. temprarilyC. unfrtunatelyD. simply
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的妈妈得了乳腺癌，为了不错过作者人生中具有里程碑意义的时刻，妈妈在作者7岁的时候就为她准备礼盒。虽然妈妈不在了，但作者依然能感到母亲对她的爱。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，里面尚存着三个包装好的礼物，上面用我母亲整洁的笔迹写着：“订婚”、“婚礼”和“第一个孩子”。A. fllwing下列的；B. remaining尚存的；C. entire全部的，整个的；D. full满的。根据句中“three wrapped 2 marked in my mther’s tidy handwriting: ‘Engagement’, ‘Wedding’ and ‘First Baby’”可推知，现在只剩三个尚未打开的礼物了。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. plastics塑料；B. prducts产品；C. pieces片，条；D. presents礼物。根据下文“Inside, she packed presents and letters fr the __4__ f my life she was ging t be missing — driver’s license, graduatin, and every birthday until the age f 30.”可知这是妈妈送的礼物，presents原词重现。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我七岁的时候，她开始为我准备一个礼盒。A. wrking工作；B. preparing准备；C. writing写；D. receiving接受。根据上文“When I was three, my mther learned that she had advanced breast cancer.”可知妈妈得了严重的癌症，所以提前为作者准备礼物。prepare sth.fr sb.为某人准备某物，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在里面，她包了一些礼物和信件，这些是她将错过的我人生中的里程碑——驾照、毕业、直到三十岁的每一次生日。A. milestnes里程碑；B. majrs专业；C. purpses目的；D. centers中心。根据下文“driver’s license, graduatin, and every birthday until the age f 30.”可知，这些事件都是我人生中的里程碑。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我母亲在我们共同生日的前十天去世了。A. individual个人的；B. usual通常的；C. shared共同的，共享的；D. natinal国家的。根据下文“That mrning, when I turned 12 and she wuld have turned 49”可知，作者和妈妈是同一天生日，那天是我们共同的生日。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天早上，当我满12岁的时候，她已经49岁了，我很早就醒了，打开了标有12岁生日的包裹。A. marked标明，标示；B. celebrated庆祝；C. created创造；D. made制作。根据上文“Until nw, the nly ____1____ cntents in it are three wrapped ____2____ marked in my mther’s tidy handwriting: ‘Engagement’, ‘Wedding’ and ‘First Baby’.”可知，12岁生日礼物上也作了标记，mark原词重现。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一张缠绕在卡片周围的白色卡片上写着：“当我还是个小女孩的时候，我一直渴望着一枚诞生石戒指。你奶奶终于给我买了一件，我非常喜欢，希望你也喜欢。”A. read写着；B. sunded听起来；C. fund找到；D. signed签署。根据下文“I always ____8___ a birthstne ring when I was a little girl. Yur Granny finally bught me ne and I lved it mre than I can say. I hpe yu like it, t.”可知，此处指卡片上写的内容。以及下文“Her nte read: ‘There seemed t be a ___11___ in my family that when girls graduated frm high schl, they received pearls’”中也有原词重现read，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一直渴望着一枚出生石戒指。A. called fr需要；B. std fr代表；C. paid fr支付；D. lnged fr渴望。根据下文“Yur Granny finally bught me ne and I lved it mre than I can say.”可知，妈妈渴望有一枚出生石戒指，空处意为“渴望”。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我戴上戒指，用指尖描出她的字迹。A. tackled果断处理，高效解决；B. traced描绘；C. revealed透露，泄露；D. cnfirmed确认，证实。根据下文“with my fingertip”可知，此处意为“用指尖描出她的字迹”。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我高中毕业的那天早上，当我打开包装好的礼物时，一串珍珠链出现了。A. list清单；B. string串；C. matter事情；D. variety品种。结合常识可知，珍珠是串起来的，a string f pearls意为“一串珍珠”。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的便条上写道：“我们家似乎有一个传统，女孩子高中毕业时，会收到珍珠。”A. member成员；B. prblem问题；C. impressin印象；D. traditin传统。根据下文“when girls graduated frm high schl, they received pearls.”可知，女孩子高中毕业时，会收到珍珠，这是一个家族传统。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：年复一年，母亲都溯时间之流而上与我相见。A. put放，摆；B. lked看；C. traveled旅行；D. stepped迈步。虽然妈妈去世多年，但是通过给作者准备礼物，不错过作者生命中里程碑意义的时刻，妈妈一直随时间旅行陪伴作者，所以，此处应使用动词traveled意为“溯时间之流”，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，打开下一个包裹就像在寻宝。A. huse房子；B. bx盒子；C. map地图；D. hunt搜寻。根据上文“When I was a child, pening the next package felt like”可知对于小孩子来说拆开礼物就像是探险一样，a treasure hunt意为“寻宝”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果她的话不能指明方向，至少它们能给我带来安慰，让我知道曾经有人在那里，我深深地、疯狂地被爱着。A. prperty所有物，财产；B. srrw悲伤；C. cmfrt安慰；D. value价值。根据下文“smene had been there befre and that I have been ___15__ , wildly lved.”可知妈妈的爱一直陪伴着作者，爱能给作者带来安慰，此处意为“安慰”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. deeply深深地；B. temprarily临时地，暂时地；C. unfrtunately不幸地；D. simply只不过，仅仅。根据上文“When I was seven, she had begun ___3__ a gift bx fr me. Inside, she packed presents and letters fr the __4___ f my life she was ging t be missing — driver’s license, graduatin, and every birthday until the age f 30.”可知妈妈一直深深地爱着作者。空处与wildly(疯狂地)构成并列关系，修饰动词lved，表示是“深深地(被爱着)”。故选A。
第II卷(55分)
注意事项:用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rujiam,als called rugam, is ne f the mst ppular Chinese snacks. Despite its ___36___ (cmpare)t a hamburger, it carries far mre gegraphical and histrical meaning.
Rujiam is____37____(clse) assciated with the nrth-central city f Xi’an, in Shaanxi prvince. Since 202 BCE, Xi’an has been bth the eastern terminal f the Silk Rad and the capital fr 13 mre-r-less successive Chinese___38___(dynasty).
Traditinally, Rujiam mainly cnsists f tw parts--the flatbread and the filling. The meat preparatin used t make the filling fr rujiam dates back____39____the Warring States perid. The intrductin int China f Central Asian-style flatbreads, like the kind used in rujiam, in general,___40___(we) t Ban Cha, a Chinese general wh spent ver 30 years battling____41____unin f nmadic(游牧的)tribes t regain cntrl f the farthest western reaches f China. The flatbread bun, called baijim, takes its name frm____42____is tday knwn as Beiji twnship. There exist differences between the flatbreads used fr different districts in Shaanxi. Fr example, the flatbread used fr Tngguan rujiam is unlike___43___used in the Xi’an style. Tngguan rujiam,was named after a twn that, in days lng past, ____44____guard)a strategic pass rughly 120km east f Xi’an.
Despite its tasty flavr, it’s risky____45____(eat) n the g. Prper rujiam is filled t bursting, regardless f the ptential cnsequences fr ne’s clthes and dry-cleaning budget.
【答案】36. cmparisn
37. clsely
38. dynasties
39. t 40. is wed
41. a 42. what
43. that 44. guarded
45. t eat
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的小吃肉夹馍的历史以及特点。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：尽管它被比作汉堡包，但它承载着更多的地理和历史意义。形容词性物主代词its修饰名词，作宾语，应用名词cmparisn，不可数。故填cmparisn。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：肉夹馍与陕西省中北部城市西安有着密切的联系。修饰形容词assciated应用副词clsely，故填clsely。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：自公元前202年以来，西安既是丝绸之路的东端，也是中国13个差不多连续的朝代的首都。dynasty为可数名词，根据上文13 mre-r-less successive Chinese可知用复数形式。故填dynasties。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：肉夹馍的馅料可以追溯到战国时期。短语date back t表示“追溯到”。故填t。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：一般来说，中亚风格的面饼（比如肉夹馍中的面饼）传入中国要归功于中国将军班超，他花了30多年时间与游牧部落联盟作战，重新夺回了对中国最西部地区的控制。主语与谓语构成被动关系，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为The intrductin int China f Central Asian-style flatbreads，谓语用单数。故填is wed。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一般来说，中亚风格的面饼（比如肉夹馍中的面饼）传入中国要归功于中国将军班超，他花了30多年时间与游牧部落联盟作战，重新夺回了对中国最西部地区的控制。此处为短语a unin f表示“团结”。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：这种被称为“白吉馍”的馒头得名于今天的北集乡。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故填what。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：例如，铜关肉夹馍所用的面饼与西安风味的面饼不同。此处指上文同类事物flatbread，后跟定语，应用代词that。故填that。
【44题详解】
考查时态。句意：铜关肉夹馍得名于一个小镇，在很久以前，它守卫着西安以东约120公里处的一个战略关口。根据上文in days lng past可知为一般过去时。故填guarded。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管味道鲜美，但在路上吃也是有风险的。此处为it be adj. t d sth.，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语。故填t eat。
第四部分 任务型阅读(共两节,满分20分)
任务型阅读
One late afternn, Tina was driving n a highway when a severe snwstrm hit with n sign befre. In a shrt time, the heavy snw, cupled with the strng wind, turned everything int white and made the rad extremely dangerus.
Tina later fund ut that this kind f strm is called a “Saskatchewan screamer”, which cmes n extremely fast with high winds. It’s really frightening and deadly t be caught in such extreme weather.
Unable t see the rad clearly, Tina had t stp her car and call 911. The peratr tld her that phne calls fr help kept flding in and all the rescuers had been called ut. She suggested that Tina shuld wait ut the strm in her car rather than risk driving n r ging ut. She tk Tina’s infrmatin and tld her that an fficer wuld call her back. Tina waited anxiusly fr almst tw hurs, but nbdy called her yet t check in. “The strm shwed n sign f stpping. What was wrse, it was getting dark. I culdn’t see anything utside the car since the snw had cvered all the windws. The wind was still hwling and the temperature was getting lwer and lwer in the car. I had n idea whm I culd turn t fr help,” Tina later wrte in a Facebk pst. “Alne and cld，I began t panic, wrrying abut getting hit by an ncming vehicle, getting buried in a snwbank, having my tailpipe blcked by the snw... I was really wrried I culdn’t ever make it hme t my family."
That was when Tina realized that it was n use waiting passively fr help. She decided t d smething herself. S she tk ut her cellphne, lgged n t the Ggle Map and determined her lcatin. She fund nline a neighbrhd Facebk grup fr the area that she was passing thrugh and shared a cmment abut her truble with her lcatin marked n the map. Then all she culd d next was sitting in the car, praying smene culd make a respnse t her as early as pssible.
Frtunately, Tina’s request reached 80-year-ld retired rescuer Frank.
46. 根据文本内容从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填入文本图示中，每词限用一次，两词为多余选项。
47. What was the majr prblem Tina faced?
__________________________________________________________________________
48. After waiting fr almst 2 hurs wh wuld help her? Then what did she decide t d?
__________________________________________________________________________
49. Was it easy fr Frank t rescue Tina? Why?
__________________________________________________________________________
50. What will Tina think f the experience and Frank?
__________________________________________________________________________
【答案】46. ①. warning ②. called ③. deadly ④. waiting ⑤. wrriedly ⑥. failed ⑦. successfully ⑧. decisin ⑨. prayed ⑩. Luckily
47. She was caught in a snwstrm when she was driving./Tina was driving n a high way when a snwstrm hit withut warning.
48 N ne/Nbdy. She decided t d smething herself./She upladed a cmment abut her truble with lcatin n Facebk.
49. N, it wasn’t. It was really tugh/hard/difficult/risky fr the 80-year-ld Frank t rescue smene in such extreme weather.
50. It was an unfrgettable/a scary experience and Frank is really brave and warm-hearted.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Tina高速公路上行驶，突然来了一场暴风雪，文章讲述她如何寻求帮助。
【46题详解】
考查细节理解。由第一段的“One late afternn, Tina was driving n a highway when a severe snwstrm hit with n sign befre.(一天下午晚些时候，蒂娜开车在高速公路上行驶，突然来了一场暴风雪，之前没有任何征兆。)”，一场暴风雪毫无征兆地袭来，第一空意为“预兆”，用warning；由第二段“Tina later fund ut that this kind f strm is called a “Saskatchewan screamer”, which cmes n extremely fast with high winds.(蒂娜后来发现，这种风暴被称为“Saskatchewan screamer”，它伴随着大风来得非常快。)”可知，这种风暴被叫做“Saskatchewan screamer”，第二空意为“称……为”，是call，strm和call之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此第二空用过去分词表被动；由第二段“It’s really frightening and deadly t be caught in such extreme weather.(遇到这样极端的天气真是可怕又要命。)”可知，遇到这样极端的天气真是可怕又要命，第三空意为“致命的”，用形容词deadly作表语；由第三段“She suggested that Tina shuld wait ut the strm in her car rather than risk driving n r ging ut.(她建议蒂娜在车里等暴风雨过去，而不是冒险开车或出去。)”可知，蒂娜拨打了911，接线员建议她在车里等暴风雨过去，第四空意为“等待”，是wait，suggest ne’s ding意为“建议某人做某事”，因此第4空用动名词waiting；由第三段“Tina waited anxiusly fr almst tw hurs, but nbdy called her yet t check in.(蒂娜焦急地等了将近两个小时，但还没有人打电话给她登记。)”可知，Tina是很担心地等待，第5空意为“担心地”，用副词wrriedly修饰动词waited；第三段“Tina waited anxiusly fr almst tw hurs, but nbdy called her yet t check in.(蒂娜焦急地等了将近两个小时，但还没有人打电话给她登记。)”可知，她没有得到回应，第6空意为“没能”，是fail，由waited可知，第6空用过去式；根据第三段“I was really wrried I culdn’t ever make it hme t my family.(我真的很担心我再也回不了家了。)”可知，她担心自己是否能成功地回家，第7空意为“成功地”，用副词successfully修饰动词短语g back；根据第四段“She decided t d smething herself.(她决定自己做点什么。)”可知，她决定做点什么，第8空意为“决定”，用名词decisin作宾语；根据倒数第二段“Then all she culd d next was sitting in the car, praying smene culd make a respnse t her as early as pssible.(接下来她所能做的就是坐在车里，祈祷有人能尽快给她一个答复。)”可知，她祈祷有人能给她一个回复，第9空意为“祈祷”，是pray，由sat可知，第9空用过去式；由最后一段“Frtunately, Tina’s request reached 80-year-ld retired rescuer Frank.(幸运的是，蒂娜的请求传到了80岁的退休救援人员弗兰克的手中。)”可知，第10空意为“幸运的是”，用副词luckily修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母大写。故填warning，called，deadly，waiting，wrriedly，failed，successfully，decisin，prayed，Luckily。
【47题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“One late afternn, Tina was driving n a highway when a severe snwstrm hit with n sign befre.(一天下午晚些时候，蒂娜开车在高速公路上行驶，突然来了一场暴风雪，之前没有任何征兆。)”可知，蒂娜面临的主要问题是她开车时遇到了暴风雪，故答案为She was caught in a snwstrm when she was driving./Tina was driving n a high way when a snwstrm hit withut warning.
【48题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Tina waited anxiusly fr almst tw hurs, but nbdy called her yet t check in.(蒂娜焦急地等了将近两个小时，但还没有人打电话给她登记。)”可知，等了将近两个小时，某人来帮她；根据倒数第二段“She decided t d smething herself. S she tk ut her cellphne, lgged n t the Ggle Map and determined her lcatin. She fund nline a neighbrhd Facebk grup fr the area that she was passing thrugh and shared a cmment abut her truble with her lcatin marked n the map.(她决定自己做点什么。于是她拿出手机，登录谷歌地图，确定了自己的位置。她在网上找到了她所经过地区的一个社区Facebk小组，并分享了她在地图上标记自己位置时遇到的麻烦。)”可知，她决定自己做点什么，她在Facebk上上传了一条关于定位问题的评论。故答案为N ne/Nbdy. She decided t d smething herself./She upladed a cmment abut her truble with lcatin n Facebk.
【49题详解】
考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Frtunately, Tina’s request reached 80-year-ld retired rescuer Frank.(幸运的是，蒂娜的请求传到了80岁的退休救援人员弗兰克的手中。)”可知，弗兰克救出蒂娜不容易，因为对80岁的弗兰克来说，在这样极端的天气里救人真的很困难。故答案为N, it wasn’t. It was really tugh/hard/difficult/risky fr the 80-year-ld Frank t rescue smene in such extreme weather.
【50题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第一段“In a shrt time, the heavy snw, cupled with the strng wind, turned everything int white and made the rad extremely dangerus.(不一会儿，大雪，再加上强风，把一切都变成了白色，使道路变得极其危险。)”可知，天气很恶劣，只有Frank可能会来救她，她将会认为这是一次难忘的或可怕的经历，她会认为弗兰克真的很勇敢，很热心。故答案为It was an unfrgettable/a scary experience and Frank is really brave and warm-hearted.
第五部分 写作 (满分20分)
51. 你校将举行以“善待野生动物，实现和谐共处”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 野生动物的重要性；
2. 野生动物的现状及其原因；
3. 发出号召。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Gd afternn, everyne!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thanks fr yur listening.
【答案】One pssible versin:
Gd afternn, everyne!
What is knwn t all is that all the animals play a part in keeping the balance f nature. Unfrtunately, many wild animals are facing the danger f extinctin. The reasns are varius. On ne hand, the envirnment that they are living in has been greatly destryed. On the ther hand，they are being ver hunted.
S we must take measures t prtect them. We shuld raise ur awareness f animal prtectin. Besides, let’s make every effrt t prtect animals’ living envirnment.
I hpe we can live in harmny with animals Let’s take actin.
That’s all. Thanks fr yur listening.
【解析】
【分析】本篇是一篇应用文。要求考生就关于“善待野生动物，实现和谐共处”为主题的英语演讲比赛写一篇发言稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
贡献力量：play a part in→ play a rle in
各种各样的：varius→all kinds f
另外：Besides→what’s mre
采取措施做某事：take steps t d sth→take measures t d sth
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：On ne hand, the envirnment that they are living in has been greatly destryed. On the ther hand，they are being ver hunted.
拓展句：While they are being ver hunted, the envirnment that they are living in has been greatly destryed.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What is knwn t all is that all the animals play a part in keeping the balance f nature. （运用了连接代词what引导的主语从句以及动名词做宾语）
【高分句型2】The reasns are varius. On ne hand, the envirnment that they are living in has been greatly destryed. On the ther hand，they are being ver hunted. （运用了On ne the ther hand句型的表达，使得文章逻辑更加清晰）
听力答案：1-5 BCBBC 6-10BACCC 11-15 BABBC 16-20 ABABBrequest die succeed luck call pray
warn wrry wait failure adjust decide
Tina was driving n a highway when a snwstrm hit withut ________ .
Tina fund the strm ________ a "Saskatchewan screamer cmes n extremely fast with high winds.
It is really frightening and ________ t be caught in such extreme weather.
Tina a called 911 and the peratr suggested her ________ ut the strm in her car.
Tina waited ________ fr almst tw hurs but ________ t get the respnse.
The weather cnditins gt wrse and wrse. Tina wrried if she culd g back hme ________.
Tina made a ________ t d smething fr herself. She upladed a cmment abut her truble with lcatin.
Then she just sat in the car and ________ smene culd make a respnse as sn as pssible.
________, Tina’s request reached 80-year ld retired rescuer Frank.
……
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