甘肃省兰州市第六十一中学（兰化一中）2023-2024学年高三上学期期末英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份甘肃省兰州市第六十一中学（兰化一中）2023-2024学年高三上学期期末英语试卷（Word版附解析），共34页。试卷主要包含了5分, 满分7， Hw等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一节(共5 小题, 每小题 1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the wman suggest Mike d?
A. Buy a new bike. B. Repair his bike. C. Ride her bike.
2. Hw des Elsa sund?
A. Excited. B. Annyed. C. Cnfused.
3. When did Bill wake up tday?
A. At 8:00 am. B. At 7:00 am. C. At 6:00 am.
4. What will the weather be like n Sunday?
A. Rainy. B. Cludy. C. Sunny.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A bk. B. A TV series. C. A war her.
第二节(共15 小题,每小题1.5分,满分 22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料， 回答第6、 7题。
6. Where are the speakers?
A. At schl. B. At a dctr’s ffice. C. At the man’s huse.
7. What des the wman advise the man t d?
A. Quit his current jb. B. Buy health insurance. C. Change his lifestyle.
听第7段材料， 回答第8、9题。
8. Hw. des the man lk up the bk?
A. By authr. B. By title. C. By year.
9. What des the wman. want t knw abut the bk?
A. The place t renew it. B. The verdue payment. C. The time fr keeping it.
听第8段材料，回答第10 至 12题。
10. Wh will the man raise mney t help?
A. The disabled. B. The hmeless. C. Thse with heart prblems.
11. Why wn’t Gary run a marathn?
A. He will receive sme training.
B. He will g back t his hmetwn.
C. He will run up a muntain in Canada.
12. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Mther and sn. B. Trainer and athlete. C. Friends.
听第9段材料， 回答第13至16题。
13. Why did the wman jin the activities n the Healthy Living Day?
A. T d mre exercise. B. T make new friends. C. T try smething different.
14. What des the man think f ding the activities?
A. Tiring. B. Interesting. C. Bring.
15. When will the man take part in the next Healthy Living Day?
A. On April 14th. B. On May 28th. C. On July 5th.
16. What activity will the wman try next time?
A. Bating. B. Cycling. C. Skatebarding.
听第10段材料，回答第17至 20题。
17. What can students d after the speech?
A. Visit the center. B. Chse their instructrs. C. Sign up fr the activities.
18. Hw ften can students have jazz classes?
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week.
19. When will the ftball class be given?
A. On Mnday evenings. B. On Saturday mrnings. C. On Sunday afternns.
20. What is u nknwn abut the badmintn class?
A. The class time. B. The instructr. C. The age limit.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50 分)
第一节:(共15 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
SO THAT’S WHY WE CALL THAT THAT
In 1997, tw smarty-pants, needing a name fr their new data-index website, came up with “ggl”, which is the number ne fllwed by a hundred zeres. Perfect! But as they typed Ggl int a dmain-name search engine, they cmmitted a critical mistake. And the mistake stuck. Dn’t believe us? Ggle it. Meanwhile, here are the stries behind ther brand names.
Triscuit ► ELECTRICITY BISCUITS
Triscuit, a snack cracker, is shrt fr “electricity biscuit”, because the first nes were prudly prduced with hydr-electric pwer.
Häagen-Dazs ► NOTHING
Häagen-Dazs is shrt fr... abslutely nthing. Reuben Mattus, wh mved t Brklyn frm Pland, created the ice cream cmpany in 1959. He wanted t give his cmpany a Danish-sunding name in hnur f Denmark’s reputatin during the Wrld War Ⅱ and settled n this nnsense phrase.
Nike ► VICTORY
Nike was named fr the Greek gddess f victry Legend has it that the she cmpany’s famus “swsh” lg represents the fleet-fted gddess’s wings.
Adidas ► ADI DASSLER
Adidas is an abbreviatin f “Adi Dassler”, ne f tw Dassler brthers frm Germany wh funded cmpetitive she empires after the Wrld War Ⅱ (Adi’s brther Rudi funded Puma).
Leg ► PLAY WELL
Leg, a children’s ty that cnsists f small clred bricks that fit tgether, is a cntractin f the Danish phrase leg gdt, meaning “play well”.
1. Why des the authr mentin the stry f Ggle in Paragraph 1?
A. T aruse curisity f the brand names.B. T classify the fllwing brands.
C T intrduce a wnderful search engine.D. T help search fr infrmatin.
2. Which brand name has the stry related t the myth?
A. Nike.B. Adidas.C. Triscuit.D. Häagen-Dazs.
3. What can we learn frm the text?
A. Adidas was funded during the Wrld War Ⅱ.
B. The funders f Adidas and Nike were brthers.
C. The stries behind Leg and Häagen-Dazs relate t Danish.
D. The first Triscuit biscuits were prudly made with slar pwer.
B
When I first heard abut Summit Learning, I admitted I was nt a bit happy and excited at all. I thught it wuld require interactins with thers. But later, I was astnished when I gt t experience it firsthand.
Recently, we did a petry prject, and ne f the activities was a peer (同伴) review. I wuld never have taken part if it was up t me, as I preferred t wrk independently. But when I gt invlved, I fund in the experience, I had dne smething that I thught was nearly impssible — it made my petry better. My partner infrmed me f my mistakes and tld me where I culd give mre detail.
One f ur final prducts f the prject was t present ur petry t the class. I’ve always lved public speaking but I thught with Summit Learning, I wuld have fewer chances t speak. I was wrng. The peer activities we did with a partner gave me mre belief in my ability and inspired me t d mre t make my presentatin the best it culd pssibly be.
Interactins like these are what Summit Learning is all abut. This style f learning brings a psitive and hard-wrking culture that allws us t push ur bundaries and keep ging It creates a sense f cmmunity since we are all wrking twards a similar gal.
As an active by, I have always been ahead and advanced, but in a nrmal classrm, there are restrictins n what I can d. With Summit Learning, I can g beynd expectatins in prjects r mve ahead in learning new cntent when I’m ready. I have wnership f my wrk and pursue my gals.
Summit Learning has shwed me hw much peple can grw and change. It has helped me see peple and myself differently. It has been ne f the greatest experiences f my life, and I cannt see myself ging back t a nrmal classrm.
4. What was the authr’s initial respnse t Summit Learning?
A. He was astnished t hear abut it.B. He was a bit excited abut it.
C. He was unwilling t attend it.D. He was curius abut hw it wrked.
5. Hw did the authr benefit frm the petry prject?
A. It reminded him t be independent.B. It imprved his pem and cnfidence..
C. It raised him a sense f respnsibility.D. It allwed him t deliver a public speech.
6. What can be inferred abut Summit Learning?
A. It has restrictins n what ne can d.
B. It shws bundaries f ne’s abilities.
C. It teaches petry in a nrmal classrm.
D. It transfrms the traditinal way f learning.
7. What des the authr think f Summit Learning nw?
A. Inspiring.B. Enjyable.C. Challengıng.D. Cnservative.
C
Lcated within the beautiful landscape f Wiscnsin’s Lake Chippewa lies a natural wnder that pses a unique challenge fr the lcal cmmunity. This hidden wnder is nne ther than a giant flating island. The island, cmpsed f plants and trees, ccasinally flats arund the lake, causing a significant incnvenience by blcking a vital bridge. Later, the lcal peple prpsed a slutin t this prblem. Every year, lcal bat wners wrk tgether and push the island away frm the bridge.
Lake Chippewa was brn in 1923 when a vast bg (沼泽) was transfrmed thrugh flding. Sn after that, many f the peat bgs started rising t the surface and became perfect grwing spts fr plants, with seeds carried by wind and wild birds t this flating place. Over the years, these bgs have grwn plants and trees and turned int full islands. As time ges by, plants take rt, and the ldest islands even have trees that act as sails when the wind blws, mving the entire flating mass arund the lake.
Althugh the decades-ld flating island des nt relcate cnstantly, when it des, it causes truble fr the cmmunity by blcking the vital bridge that serves as the sle passage between the lake’s East and West sides. The nly slutin is t gather a fleet f bats, and nt just ne r tw,but dzens f bats wrking tgether t push the island away. “It takes a cmmunity’s effrt, and yu must have the winds at yur back t push them in,” said a resident. Mving the island als requires precisin, as merely relcating (重新迁移) it a shrt distance may result in its return within days.
Sme peple have suggested blwing up the flating islands t get rid f the prblem. Hwever, the big bg in Lake Chippewa has been arund fr decades, and in that time a wealth f animal and plant species have made it their hme. Therefre, lcal authrities prefer they be dealt with in a way that wn’t negatively impact wildlife, highlighting the delicate balance between human cnvenience and envirnmental cnservatin. The annual traditin f relcating Lake Chippewa’s flating island is evidence t the cexistence f humanity and nature, a heartwarming display f cmmunity unity, and a reminder f the imprtance f preserving the unique habitats that enrich ur wrld.
8. What des the underlined wrd “slutin” in paragraph 1 refer t?
A. Building a new bridge.B. Transfrming the vast bg.
C. Mving the flating island away.D. Recnstructing the lcal cmmunity.
9. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The frm actin f the flating island.
B. The histry f flding in Lake Chippewa.
C. The abundance f species in Lake Chippewa.
D. The impact f the wind n the flating island.
10. What d we knw abut the relcatin wrk frm paragraph 3?
A. It is usually finished within days.
B. It can nly be carried ut during windless days.
C. It is demanding in cperatin and precisin.
D. It greatly disturbs the cmmunity residents’ lives.
11. Why have the lcal authrities refused t blw up the island?
A. T save csts fr lcal peple.
B. T ensure the safety f residents.
C. T increase the bnd between cmmunities.
D. T prtect the wildlife species n the island.
D
In 2019 the wrld generated 54.6 millin tns f e-waste. Hwever, just 17.4 percent f it was frmally cllected and recycled. Since 2014, the amunt f e-waste recycled has grwn by 1.8millin tns a relatively small amunt, cnsidering that the amunt f e-waste generated increased by 9.2 millin tns in the same perid.
Glbal reserves f sme elements, such as platinum (铂), are suppsed t be fully used up within 15 years if the prprtin f recycled stcks entering prductin desn’t increase.E-waste and EV batteries are currently recycled thrugh prcesses called pyrmetallurgy(火法冶金术) and hydrmetallurgy (湿法冶金术) . Hwever, they invlve burning temperatures with a high energy demand and deep carbn ftprint, and pisnus chemicals which are harmful t the envirnment. Alternatives are therefre being sught.
A team f scientists frm the University f Cventry are extending ne such alternative.They have been using nn-pisnus bacteria t xidize(使氧化) and recver the precius metals—a prcess knwn as “bileaching”. They have shwn that cpper is widely recverable frm e-waste, and that all metals present in EV batteries can be recvered by using micrbes(微生物).If extended, bileaching facilities wuld mean that manufacturers f EV batteries and ther electrnic gds wuld be able t rec ver metals lcally, relying less n cstly exprts t recycling centers abrad.
“At present, a key limitatin fr e-waste recycling is the lack f certificatin detailing the types and amunts f metals cntained in electrnic gds. But with an efficient recycling prcess appearing, manufacturers have the mtivatin t use mre recycled material in their prducts, which will change the very design f electrnics gds. It’s abut clsing the lp f a prduct’s life cycle,” said the leader f the Bileaching Research Grup, Sebastien Farnaud.
Ultimately, bileaching technlgy is brn ut f the idea f creating a truly circular prcess fr the things that we cnsume. We need t shift frm a mindset and ecnmy where we see waste as an end prduct, t ne where there isn’t even a start r an end at all.
12. What d the statistics in paragraph 1 indicate?
A. The recycling rate f e-waste is cmparatively lw
B. Peple pay little attentin t e-waste recycling.
C. E-waste has caused serius envirnmental prblems.
D. The amunt f e-waste is sharply increasing every year.
13. What is the disadvantage f current ways f recycling e-waste?
A. They nly apply t certain e-waste.
B. They are nt envirnmentally friendly.
C. They generate metals with a cmplex prcess.
D. They cause a sharp rise in lcal temperatures.
14. What d we knw abut the bileaching technlgy?
A. It has been applied abrad.B. It releases n pisnus gas.
C. It prmtes the lcal exprt trade.D. It recvers metals by micrbes.
15. Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A. A news reprt.B. A fictin nvel.C. A scientific jurnal.D. A health magazine.
第二节:(共5小题; 每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
D yu think yu need t shut at yurself t frce yurself t finish yur hmewrk? If s, think again.____16____ Research shws that practicing self-cmpassin (自我关怀) imprves ur mental and physical well-being and supprts lng-term success.
Self-cmpassin is the practice f being kind and supprtive t urselves. The ppsite is being self-critical and mean t urselves when we make a mistake. ____17____ These negative respnses are related t depressin, stress and reduced quality f life.
A 2017 study fund peple wh practice self-cmpassin tend t handle stress better. Their bdies have less f a stress respnse when, fr example, they meet with difficulties at wrk r schl. ____18____ Let’s say they d prly n a gemetry test. Self-cmpassin helps them use the experience t make changes ging frward, like seeking ut a math tutr.
____19____ We can start with mindfulness. First f all, practice bserving ur thughts — are they understanding r critical? Dn’t judge urselves t severely then. Rather than getting caught up in hw we culd have dne better, frgive urselves and think abut what t change while remaining respectful, and lving t urselves. ____20____ We can read a nvel, play a musical instrument r kick arund a sccer ball with friends.
With practice, we can learn t treat urselves with kindness and uncnditinal lve — nt tugh lve.
A. S hw d we develp self-cmpassin?
B. It may be mre effective t be kind t yurself.
C. It includes letting g f yur strict self-criticism.
D Mindfulness is the key t practicing self-cmpassin.
E. But this apprach des nt make us feel r perfrm better.
F. They have mre cnfidence t lk fr areas where they can imprve.
G. Als, shw urselves kindness in ways that nurish (滋养) ur spirit and bdy.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在机读卡上将该项涂黑。
We all need t spend time alne nce in a while. But Beatriz Flamini tk things t a whle new ____21____. The Madrid Spain resident spent 500 days in a 230 ft (abut 70 meter)undergrund cave, ____22____frm the wrld.
Flamini was 48 years ld when she went int islatin (隔绝) and 50 when she ____23____ frm the ca ve n April 14,2023. The extreme athlete ____24____ the challenge f testing her mental strength. She als wanted t help scientists explre the ____25____ f islatin in terms f the human bdy and mind.
Flamini entered the ca ve in Nvember 2021. She carried tw cameras t ____26____her stay. Ateam f vlunteers supprted the ambitius adventure by____27____ drpping ff fd, fresh clthes,water and ther ____28____ near the cave’s entrance. They als used the daily vide recrdings t ____29____ Flamini’s physical and mental cnditin.
Flamini spent her days exercising, cking, reading, and drawing. She says she experienced____30____lss f her sense f time after abut tw mnths and was ____31____when a supprt crew member came t ____32____ her after 500 days. “I said,’ ____33____ ? N way. I hadn’t finished my bk,’” she recalls.
Flamini may have ____34____ a new wrld recrd fr the lngest time spent in a cave alne. But the achievement has nt been ____35____ by the Guinness Wrld Recrds.
21.
A. levelB. turnC. pintD. stage
22.
A. freeB. safeC. tiredD. discnnected
23.
A. escapedB. cameC. rushedD. emerged
24.
A. made utB. tk upC. wrked utD. picked up
25.
A. changeB. imprvementC. impactD. meaning
26.
A bradcastB. arrangeC. transfrmD. dcument
27.
A. frequentlyB. regularlyC. temprarilyD. particularly
28.
A. necessitiesB. ladsC. materialsD. mixtures
29.
A. examineB. treatC. mnitrD. intrduce
30.
A. permanentB. cmpleteC. ptentialD. slight
31.
A. frightenedB. disappintedC. astnishedD. excited
32.
A. cmfrtB. fetchC. replaceD. wake
33.
A. AlreadyB. AgainC. PardnD. Yes
34.
A. keptB. brkenC. setD. equaled
35.
A. finishedB. displayedC. perfrmedD. cnfirmed
第二节 语法填空题(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The sheepskin raft (羊皮筏), the ldest means f transprtatin alng the Yellw River, has a histry f nearly 2,000 years. The airbag f the raft is made f ___36___ whle sheepskin and ges thrugh many prcesses including heating t remve hair, saking in salty il, sewing, drying ___37___ blwing. Then the airbags ___38___ (fasten) t a wden stand, enabling its use fr transprting peple and gds acrss the water.
It is said that the largest sheepskin raft in ld times ___39___ (cnsist) f mre than 600 sheepskin airbags, with an impressive length f 22 meters and a ___40___ (wide) f 7 meters. It was capable f carrying arund 30 tns f gds and drifting ver 200 kilmeters in ne day.
In the early 20th century, befre the 1950s, ___41___ railways were nt yet in peratin and rad traffic was ___42___(cnvenient), the sheepskin raft served as the mst imprtant means f transprtatin fr residents ___43___ (live) alng the Yellw River.
Hwever, with the rapid develpment f sciety, the sheepskin raft has largely played its histrical rle ___44___ transprting peple and gds. Nwadays, it can nly be fund alng the banks f the Yellw River in sme cities in Gansu prvince. It has becme a tl fr peple ___45___ (d) sme sightseeing n the Yellw River.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，请你代表你班同学给校长写一封信，反映你们学校食堂存在的问题，以引起学校重视并针对问题提出合理建议。食堂存在的问题如下：
1.菜价昂贵，菜式单一；
2.排队时间长，浪费午休时间；
3.味道不佳， 浪费现象严重。
注意: 1. 词数不少于120左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
3. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Oh n. Cach Cafferty just said my name. Fr that event. The tw-hundred-metre breaststrke (蛙泳) fr the cming meet! Nt the backstrke (仰泳) I had wished and practiced fr s lng!
Beads f sweat ppped ut ver my upper lip. Mrgan pressed her elbw int my side, trying t ffer me mral supprt. But it didn’t help. My stmach sank t my knees like a brick in water. Mrgan tried t cnvince me it wuld be fine. “Maybe Cach has mre cnfidence in yu than yu think. Or maybe Cach Cafferty just want t give the rest a laugh when I sink t the bttm f the pl,” I thught desperately. I walked twards Cach Cafferty and tld her abut my inability and my desire t quit this event. She frwned and asked if it was what I really wanted.
I hesitated. Placing her hand n my shulder, she started smiling and encuraged me t push myself utside f my cmfrt zne.
The first practice was a disaster. I lst rhythm n my strkes. I messed up my turns. I even had t stp and catch my breath a few times. I felt everyne was laughing at me and my stmach twisted. Hw culd I make it within just tw weeks? But nce I dragged myself ut f the water, exhausted and frustrated, Cach Cafferty thumbed up t me, saying I did really well and just needed mre cnfidence in myself and mre time t practice.
On the way back hme, Mrgan cmfrted me, “Dear, just ignre thers. Race against yurself. Cunt yur wn strkes. Prve t yurself that yu can d it.” With these wrds said t me almst every day, befre r after each practice, smething gradually changed: bth hw I swam the breaststrke and hw I felt abut the event as well as myself.
The meet finally came. I arrived at the pl hall, still a little bit wrried. As each event clicked clser t mine, my knees shk. I bit my lip and lked ut ver the ther swimmers. Mrgan leaned frward. “Just swim yur race. Remember, yu can!”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Then the tw-hundred-milestne breaststrke was annunced.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
There was nly 50 meters t g.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2023-2024学年度甘肃省兰州市兰化一中
高三年级英语期末测试
第一节(共5 小题, 每小题 1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the wman suggest Mike d?
A. Buy a new bike. B. Repair his bike. C. Ride her bike.
2. Hw des Elsa sund?
A. Excited. B. Annyed. C. Cnfused.
3. When did Bill wake up tday?
A. At 8:00 am. B. At 7:00 am. C. At 6:00 am.
4. What will the weather be like n Sunday?
A. Rainy. B. Cludy. C. Sunny.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A bk. B. A TV series. C. A war her.
第二节(共15 小题,每小题1.5分,满分 22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料， 回答第6、 7题。
6. Where are the speakers?
A. At schl. B. At a dctr’s ffice. C. At the man’s huse.
7. What des the wman advise the man t d?
A. Quit his current jb. B. Buy health insurance. C. Change his lifestyle.
听第7段材料， 回答第8、9题。
8. Hw. des the man lk up the bk?
A. By authr. B. By title. C. By year.
9. What des the wman. want t knw abut the bk?
A. The place t renew it. B. The verdue payment. C. The time fr keeping it.
听第8段材料，回答第10 至 12题。
10. Wh will the man raise mney t help?
A. The disabled. B. The hmeless. C. Thse with heart prblems.
11. Why wn’t Gary run a marathn?
A. He will receive sme training.
B. He will g back t his hmetwn.
C. He will run up a muntain in Canada.
12. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Mther and sn. B. Trainer and athlete. C. Friends.
听第9段材料， 回答第13至16题。
13. Why did the wman jin the activities n the Healthy Living Day?
A. T d mre exercise. B. T make new friends. C. T try smething different.
14. What des the man think f ding the activities?
A. Tiring. B. Interesting. C. Bring.
15. When will the man take part in the next Healthy Living Day?
A. On April 14th. B. On May 28th. C. On July 5th.
16. What activity will the wman try next time?
A Bating. B. Cycling. C. Skatebarding.
听第10段材料，回答第17至 20题。
17. What can students d after the speech?
A. Visit the center. B. Chse their instructrs. C. Sign up fr the activities.
18. Hw ften can students have jazz classes?
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week.
19. When will the ftball class be given?
A. On Mnday evenings. B. On Saturday mrnings. C. On Sunday afternns.
20. What is u nknwn abut the badmintn class?
A. The class time. B. The instructr. C. The age limit.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50 分)
第一节:(共15 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
SO THAT’S WHY WE CALL THAT THAT
In 1997, tw smarty-pants, needing a name fr their new data-index website, came up with “ggl”, which is the number ne fllwed by a hundred zeres. Perfect! But as they typed Ggl int a dmain-name search engine, they cmmitted a critical mistake. And the mistake stuck. Dn’t believe us? Ggle it. Meanwhile, here are the stries behind ther brand names.
Triscuit ► ELECTRICITY BISCUITS
Triscuit a snack cracker, is shrt fr “electricity biscuit”, because the first nes were prudly prduced with hydr-electric pwer.
Häagen-Dazs ► NOTHING
Häagen-Dazs is shrt fr... abslutely nthing. Reuben Mattus, wh mved t Brklyn frm Pland, created the ice cream cmpany in 1959. He wanted t give his cmpany a Danish-sunding name in hnur f Denmark’s reputatin during the Wrld War Ⅱ and settled n this nnsense phrase.
Nike ► VICTORY
Nike was named fr the Greek gddess f victry. Legend has it that the she cmpany’s famus “swsh” lg represents the fleet-fted gddess’s wings.
Adidas ► ADI DASSLER
Adidas is an abbreviatin f “Adi Dassler”, ne f tw Dassler brthers frm Germany wh funded cmpetitive she empires after the Wrld War Ⅱ (Adi’s brther Rudi funded Puma).
Leg ► PLAY WELL
Leg, a children’s ty that cnsists f small clred bricks that fit tgether, is a cntractin f the Danish phrase leg gdt, meaning “play well”.
1. Why des the authr mentin the stry f Ggle in Paragraph 1?
A. T aruse curisity f the brand names.B. T classify the fllwing brands.
C. T intrduce a wnderful search engine.D. T help search fr infrmatin.
2. Which brand name has the stry related t the myth?
A. Nike.B. Adidas.C. Triscuit.D. Häagen-Dazs.
3. What can we learn frm the text?
A. Adidas was funded during the Wrld War Ⅱ.
B. The funders f Adidas and Nike were brthers.
C. The stries behind Leg and Häagen-Dazs relate t Danish.
D. The first Triscuit biscuits were prudly made with slar pwer.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了五个品牌名称背后的故事。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。第一段中讲述了Ggle背后的故事：两个聪明的创始人想给新的数据索引网站取一个名字，他们就想出了“ggl”这个词，即“古戈尔”，10的100次幂，代表互联网上的海量资源，但是当他们在域名搜索引擎上搜索该名字是否已经被注册时错将“ggl”打成了ggle，于是就有了Ggle。并在最后一句“Meanwhile, here are the stries behind ther brand names.(同时，以下是其他品牌背后的故事。)”引出接下来要讲述的其他品牌背后的故事。由此可推知，开头用这个故事是为了激发读者对商标取名故事的好奇心。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Nike was named fr the Greek gddess f victry.(耐克是以希腊的胜利女神命名的。)”可知，Nike是根据希腊胜利女神而命名的，与神话有关。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“give his cmpany a Danish-sunding name”和第六段“is a cntractin f the Danish phrase leg gdt, meaning ‘play well’”可知，乐高和哈根达斯都与丹麦语有关。故选C。
B
When I first heard abut Summit Learning, I admitted I was nt a bit happy and excited at all. I thught it wuld require interactins with thers. But later, I was astnished when I gt t experience it firsthand.
Recently, we did a petry prject, and ne f the activities was a peer (同伴) review. I wuld never have taken part if it was up t me, as I preferred t wrk independently. But when I gt invlved, I fund in the experience, I had dne smething that I thught was nearly impssible — it made my petry better. My partner infrmed me f my mistakes and tld me where I culd give mre detail.
One f ur final prducts f the prject was t present ur petry t the class. I’ve always lved public speaking but I thught with Summit Learning, I wuld have fewer chances t speak. I was wrng. The peer activities we did with a partner gave me mre belief in my ability and inspired me t d mre t make my presentatin the best it culd pssibly be.
Interactins like these are what Summit Learning is all abut. This style f learning brings a psitive and hard-wrking culture that allws us t push ur bundaries and keep ging It creates a sense f cmmunity since we are all wrking twards a similar gal.
As an active by I have always been ahead and advanced, but in a nrmal classrm, there are restrictins n what I can d. With Summit Learning, I can g beynd expectatins in prjects r mve ahead in learning new cntent when I’m ready. I have wnership f my wrk and pursue my gals.
Summit Learning has shwed me hw much peple can grw and change. It has helped me see peple and myself differently. It has been ne f the greatest experiences f my life, and I cannt see myself ging back t a nrmal classrm.
4. What was the authr’s initial respnse t Summit Learning?
A. He was astnished t hear abut it.B. He was a bit excited abut it.
C. He was unwilling t attend it.D. He was curius abut hw it wrked.
5. Hw did the authr benefit frm the petry prject?
A. It reminded him t be independent.B. It imprved his pem and cnfidence..
C. It raised him a sense f respnsibility.D. It allwed him t deliver a public speech.
6. What can be inferred abut Summit Learning?
A. It has restrictins n what ne can d.
B. It shws bundaries f ne’s abilities.
C. It teaches petry in a nrmal classrm.
D. It transfrms the traditinal way f learning.
7. What des the authr think f Summit Learning nw?
A. Inspiring.B. Enjyable.C. Challengıng.D. Cnservative.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加Summit Learning课程的经历和感受。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“When I first heard abut Summit Learning, I admitted I was nt a bit happy and excited at all.(当我第一次听说Summit Learning的时候，我承认我一点也不高兴和兴奋)”和第二段的“I wuld never have taken part if it was up t me, as I preferred t wrk independently.(如果由我来决定，我绝不会参加，因为我更喜欢独立工作)”可知，作者对Summit Learning的第一反应是不想参加。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The peer activities we did with a partner gave me mre belief in my ability and inspired me t d mre t make my presentatin the best it culd pssibly be.(我们和一个伙伴一起做的同伴活动让我对自己的能力更有信心，并激励我做更多的事情，使我的演讲尽可能最好)”可知，诗歌活动提高了作者的诗歌和信心。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“As an active by, I have always been ahead and advanced, but in a nrmal classrm, there are restrictins n what I can d. With Summit Learning, I can g beynd expectatins in prjects r mve ahead in learning new cntent when I’m ready. I have wnership f my wrk and pursue my gals.(作为一个好动的男孩，我一直走在前面，不断进步，但是在一个正常的教室里，我所能做的是有限制的。有了Summit Learning，我可以在项目中超越预期，或者在我准备好的时候继续学习新内容。我对自己的工作有主人翁精神，并追求自己的目标)”推知，Summit Learning转变了学习的方式。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Summit Learning has shwed me hw much peple can grw and change. It has helped me see peple and myself differently. It has been ne f the greatest experiences f my life, and I cannt see myself ging back t a nrmal classrm.(峰会学习向我展示了人可以成长和改变多少。它帮助我以不同的方式看待别人和自己。这是我一生中最伟大的经历之一，我无法想象自己会回到正常的教室)”可推知，作者认为Summit Learning非常有启发意义的。故选A。
C
Lcated within the beautiful landscape f Wiscnsin’s Lake Chippewa lies a natural wnder that pses a unique challenge fr the lcal cmmunity. This hidden wnder is nne ther than a giant flating island. The island, cmpsed f plants and trees, ccasinally flats arund the lake, causing a significant incnvenience by blcking a vital bridge. Later, the lcal peple prpsed a slutin t this prblem. Every year, lcal bat wners wrk tgether and push the island away frm the bridge.
Lake Chippewa was brn in 1923 when a vast bg (沼泽) was transfrmed thrugh flding. Sn after that, many f the peat bgs started rising t the surface and became perfect grwing spts fr plants, with seeds carried by wind and wild birds t this flating place. Over the years, these bgs have grwn plants and trees and turned int full islands. As time ges by, plants take rt, and the ldest islands even have trees that act as sails when the wind blws, mving the entire flating mass arund the lake.
Althugh the decades-ld flating island des nt relcate cnstantly, when it des, it causes truble fr the cmmunity by blcking the vital bridge that serves as the sle passage between the lake’s East and West sides. The nly slutin is t gather a fleet f bats, and nt just ne r tw,but dzens f bats wrking tgether t push the island away. “It takes a cmmunity’s effrt, and yu must have the winds at yur back t push them in,” said a resident. Mving the island als requires precisin, as merely relcating (重新迁移) it a shrt distance may result in its return within days.
Sme peple have suggested blwing up the flating islands t get rid f the prblem. Hwever, the big bg in Lake Chippewa has been arund fr decades, and in that time a wealth f animal and plant species have made it their hme. Therefre, lcal authrities prefer they be dealt with in a way that wn’t negatively impact wildlife, highlighting the delicate balance between human cnvenience and envirnmental cnservatin. The annual traditin f relcating Lake Chippewa’s flating island is evidence t the cexistence f humanity and nature, a heartwarming display f cmmunity unity, and a reminder f the imprtance f preserving the unique habitats that enrich ur wrld.
8. What des the underlined wrd “slutin” in paragraph 1 refer t?
A. Building a new bridge.B. Transfrming the vast bg.
C. Mving the flating island away.D. Recnstructing the lcal cmmunity.
9. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The frm actin f the flating island.
B. The histry f flding in Lake Chippewa.
C. The abundance f species in Lake Chippewa.
D. The impact f the wind n the flating island.
10. What d we knw abut the relcatin wrk frm paragraph 3?
A. It is usually finished within days.
B. It can nly be carried ut during windless days.
C. It is demanding in cperatin and precisin.
D. It greatly disturbs the cmmunity residents’ lives.
11. Why have the lcal authrities refused t blw up the island?
A. T save csts fr lcal peple.
B. T ensure the safety f residents.
C. T increase the bnd between cmmunities.
D. T prtect the wildlife species n the island.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是位于Lake Chippewa的一个浮岛偶尔会堵塞一座重要的桥梁，给人们带来了极大的不便，当地人通过齐心协力把它推开来解决这个问题。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Every year, lcal bat wners wrk tgether and push the island away frm the bridge.(每年，当地的船主都会齐心协力，把小岛从桥上推开)”可知，当地人想到的解决办法是把这个浮岛移走。由此可知，划线词slutin指的是Mving the flating island away(将浮岛移走)。故选C。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Sn after that, many f the peat bgs started rising t the surface and became perfect grwing spts fr plants, with seeds carried by wind and wild birds t this flating place. Over the years, these bgs have grwn plants and trees and turned int full islands. As time ges by, plants take rt, and the ldest islands even have trees that act as sails when the wind blws, mving the entire flating mass arund the lake.(不久之后，许多泥炭沼泽开始上升到水面，成为植物的理想生长地点，种子被风和野鸟带到这个漂浮的地方。多年来，这些沼泽长出了植物和树木，变成了完整的岛屿。随着时间的流逝，植物生根发芽，最古老的岛屿上甚至有树木，当风吹起时，它们就像帆一样，把整个漂浮的物体移动到湖周围)”可知，第二段主要讲的是浮岛是如何形成的，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““It takes a cmmunity’s effrt, and yu must have the winds at yur back t push them in,” said a resident. Mving the island als requires precisin, as merely relcating (重新迁移) it a shrt distance may result in its return within days.(“这需要整个社区的努力，而且你必须有顺风才能把它们推进来，”一位居民说。移动岛屿也需要精确，因为仅仅是将它移动一段距离就可能导致它在几天内返回)”可知，重新迁移浮岛对合作和精确度要求很高。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hwever, the big bg in Lake Chippewa has been arund fr decades, and in that time a wealth f animal and plant species have made it their hme. Therefre, lcal authrities prefer they be dealt with in a way that wn’t negatively impact wildlife, highlighting the delicate balance between human cnvenience and envirnmental cnservatin.(然而，Chippewa湖的大沼泽已经存在了几十年，在此期间，大量的动植物物种将其作为家园。因此，当地政府希望以一种不会对野生动物产生负面影响的方式处理这些问题，强调人类便利与环境保护之间的微妙平衡)”可推知，地方当局拒绝炸毁这个岛是为了保护岛上的野生动物。故选D。
D
In 2019, the wrld generated 54.6 millin tns f e-waste. Hwever, just 17.4 percent f it was frmally cllected and recycled. Since 2014, the amunt f e-waste recycled has grwn by 1.8millin tns a relatively small amunt, cnsidering that the amunt f e-waste generated increased by 9.2 millin tns in the same perid.
Glbal reserves f sme elements, such as platinum (铂), are suppsed t be fully used up within 15 years if the prprtin f recycled stcks entering prductin desn’t increase.E-waste and EV batteries are currently recycled thrugh prcesses called pyrmetallurgy(火法冶金术) and hydrmetallurgy (湿法冶金术) . Hwever, they invlve burning temperatures with a high energy demand and deep carbn ftprint, and pisnus chemicals which are harmful t the envirnment. Alternatives are therefre being sught.
A team f scientists frm the University f Cventry are extending ne such alternative.They have been using nn-pisnus bacteria t xidize(使氧化) and recver the precius metals—a prcess knwn as “bileaching”. They have shwn that cpper is widely recverable frm e-waste, and that all metals present in EV batteries can be recvered by using micrbes(微生物).If extended, bileaching facilities wuld mean that manufacturers f EV batteries and ther electrnic gds wuld be able t rec ver metals lcally, relying less n cstly exprts t recycling centers abrad.
“At present, a key limitatin fr e-waste recycling is the lack f certificatin detailing the types and amunts f metals cntained in electrnic gds. But with an efficient recycling prcess appearing, manufacturers have the mtivatin t use mre recycled material in their prducts, which will change the very design f electrnics gds. It’s abut clsing the lp f a prduct’s life cycle,” said the leader f the Bileaching Research Grup, Sebastien Farnaud.
Ultimately, bileaching technlgy is brn ut f the idea f creating a truly circular prcess fr the things that we cnsume. We need t shift frm a mindset and ecnmy where we see waste as an end prduct, t ne where there isn’t even a start r an end at all.
12. What d the statistics in paragraph 1 indicate?
A. The recycling rate f e-waste is cmparatively lw
B. Peple pay little attentin t e-waste recycling.
C. E-waste has caused serius envirnmental prblems.
D. The amunt f e-waste is sharply increasing every year.
13. What is the disadvantage f current ways f recycling e-waste?
A. They nly apply t certain e-waste.
B. They are nt envirnmentally friendly.
C. They generate metals with a cmplex prcess.
D. They cause a sharp rise in lcal temperatures.
14. What d we knw abut the bileaching technlgy?
A. It has been applied abrad.B. It releases n pisnus gas.
C. It prmtes the lcal exprt trade.D. It recvers metals by micrbes.
15. Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A. A news reprt.B. A fictin nvel.C. A scientific jurnal.D. A health magazine.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究——生物浸出技术，用来回收电子垃圾中的贵金属。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“In 2019, the wrld generated 54.6 millin tns f e-waste. Hwever, just 17.4 percent f it was frmally cllected and recycled. Since 2014, the amunt f e-waste recycled has grwn by 1.8 millin tns-a relatively small amunt, cnsidering that the amunt f e-waste generated increased by 9.2 millin tns in the same perid. (2019年，全球产生了5460万吨电子垃圾。然而，只有17.4%的垃圾被正式收集和回收。自2014年以来，电子垃圾的回收量增加了180万吨——相对于同期电子垃圾产生量增加了920万吨来说，这是一个相对较小的数量)”可知，本段中的统计数字说明电子垃圾的回收率相对较低。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“E-waste and EV batteries are currently recycled thrugh prcesses called pyrmetallurgy (火法冶金术) and hydrmetallurgy (湿法冶金术). Hwever, they invlve burning temperatures with a high energy demand and deep carbn ftprint, and pisnus chemicals which are harmful t the envirnment. (电子垃圾和电动汽车电池目前通过火法和湿法回收。然而，它们涉及到能源需求高、碳足迹深的燃烧温度，以及对环境有害的有毒化学物质)”可知，目前回收电子垃圾的方法对环境不利。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“They have been using nn-pisnus bacteria t xidize and recver the precius metals—a prcess knwn as “bileaching”. They have shwn that cpper is widely recverable frm e-waste, and that all metals present in EV batteries can be recvered by using micrbes (微生物). (他们一直在使用无毒的细菌来氧化和回收贵金属——这一过程被称为“生物浸出”。他们已经表明，铜可以从电子垃圾中广泛回收，而电动汽车电池中的所有金属都可以通过使用微生物来回收)”可知，生物浸出技术就是通过微生物来回收金属。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第三段中“A team f scientists frm the University f Cventry are extending ne such alternative. They have been using nn-pisnus bacteria t xidize and recver the precius metals—a prcess knwn as “bileaching”. (来自Cventry大学的一组科学家正在推广这样一种替代方案。他们一直在使用无毒的细菌来氧化和回收贵金属——这一过程被称为‘生物浸出’)”可知，本文主要介绍一组科学家的一项科学研究——生物浸出技术，用来回收电子垃圾中的贵金属。从而推断，本文来自于科学杂志。故选C项。
第二节:(共5小题; 每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
D yu think yu need t shut at yurself t frce yurself t finish yur hmewrk? If s, think again.____16____ Research shws that practicing self-cmpassin (自我关怀) imprves ur mental and physical well-being and supprts lng-term success.
Self-cmpassin is the practice f being kind and supprtive t urselves. The ppsite is being self-critical and mean t urselves when we make a mistake. ____17____ These negative respnses are related t depressin, stress and reduced quality f life.
A 2017 study fund peple wh practice self-cmpassin tend t handle stress better. Their bdies have less f a stress respnse when, fr example, they meet with difficulties at wrk r schl. ____18____ Let’s say they d prly n a gemetry test. Self-cmpassin helps them use the experience t make changes ging frward, like seeking ut a math tutr.
____19____ We can start with mindfulness. First f all, practice bserving ur thughts — are they understanding r critical? Dn’t judge urselves t severely then. Rather than getting caught up in hw we culd have dne better, frgive urselves and think abut what t change while remaining respectful, and lving t urselves. ____20____ We can read a nvel, play a musical instrument r kick arund a sccer ball with friends.
With practice, we can learn t treat urselves with kindness and uncnditinal lve — nt tugh lve.
A. S hw d we develp self-cmpassin?
B. It may be mre effective t be kind t yurself.
C. It includes letting g f yur strict self-criticism.
D. Mindfulness is the key t practicing self-cmpassin.
E. But this apprach des nt make us feel r perfrm better.
F. They have mre cnfidence t lk fr areas where they can imprve.
G. Als, shw urselves kindness in ways that nurish (滋养) ur spirit and bdy.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过自我同情的练习，我们可以学会用善意和无条件的爱来对待自己。
【16题详解】
前文提到可能通过对自己的大吼大叫来促使自己完成作业的这一情况，后文提到“Research shws that practicing self-cmpassin (自我关怀) imprves ur mental and physical well-being and supprts lng-term success.”（研究表明，练习自我同情可以改善我们的身心健康，并有助于长期的成功。），研究表明对自己鼓励和关怀有利于自身长期的成功，说明对自己好一点可能在促使自己完成一件事上更加有效果。B项“It may be mre effective t be kind t yurself.”（善待自己可能会更有效。）该项提到善待自己更加有效果，该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。
【17题详解】
前文提到“Self-cmpassin is the practice f being kind and supprtive t urselves. The ppsite is being self-critical and mean t urselves when we make a mistake.”（自我同情是对自己友善和支持的实践。相反的是当我们犯错时，自我批评和对自己刻薄。），人在犯错误的时候很容易进行自我批评，且后文提到 “These negative respnses are related t depressin, stress and reduced quality f life.”（这些负面反应与抑郁、压力和生活质量下降有关。），对自己的批评可能会导致抑郁、有压力且可能会影响生活质量。E项“But this apprach des nt make us feel r perfrm better.”（但这种方法并不能让我们感觉或表现得更好。）该项提到自我批评并不会让自己感觉良好。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选E。
【18题详解】
前文提到“A 2017 study fund peple wh practice self-cmpassin tend t handle stress better. Their bdies have less f a stress respnse when, fr example, they meet with difficulties at wrk r schl.”（2017年的一项研究发现，练习自我同情的人往往能更好地应对压力。例如，当他们在工作或学校遇到困难时，他们的身体对压力的反应就会减少。），以及后文中提到“Self-cmpassin helps them use the experience t make changes ging frward, like seeking ut a math tutr.”（自我同情可以帮助他们利用这段经历做出改变，比如找一个数学导师。）该段提到练习自我同情的人能更好地应对压力，而且能够进行自我同情的人会根据自己的情况做出适当的可以改变自己的行为。F项“They have mre cnfidence t lk fr areas where they can imprve.”（他们更有信心去寻找自己可以改进的地方。）该项提到会自我同情的人会寻求改进自己的机会和方法。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选F。
【19题详解】
后文提到“We can start with mindfulness.”（我们可以从正念开始。）由该段内容可以判断，该段提到了进行自我同情的练习方法。A项“S hw d we develp self-cmpassin?”（那么我们如何培养自我同情呢?）该项由问题引出后文中进行自我同情的方法，起到引出后文的作用，符合文意。故选A。
【20题详解】
前文提到“Rather than getting caught up in hw we culd have dne better, frgive urselves and think abut what t change while remaining respectful, and lving t urselves.”（与其纠结于我们该如何做得更好，不如原谅自己，想想在保持尊重和爱自己的同时要改变什么。）要与自己和解，要尊重自己爱自己，后文提到“We can read a nvel, play a musical instrument r kick arund a sccer ball with friends.”（我们可以读小说，演奏乐器或与朋友踢足球。）读书运动和演奏音乐都是让自己身心健康的好方法。G项“Als, shw urselves kindness in ways that nurish (滋养) ur spirit and bdy.”（同时，要善待自己，以滋养我们的精神和身体。）该项提到了要善待自己，滋养自己。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在机读卡上将该项涂黑。
We all need t spend time alne nce in a while. But Beatriz Flamini tk things t a whle new ____21____. The Madrid Spain resident spent 500 days in a 230 ft (abut 70 meter)undergrund cave, ____22____frm the wrld.
Flamini was 48 years ld when she went int islatin (隔绝) and 50 when she ____23____ frm the ca ve n April 14,2023. The extreme athlete ____24____ the challenge f testing her mental strength. She als wanted t help scientists explre the ____25____ f islatin in terms f the human bdy and mind.
Flamini entered the ca ve in Nvember 2021. She carried tw cameras t ____26____her stay. Ateam f vlunteers supprted the ambitius adventure by____27____ drpping ff fd, fresh clthes,water and ther ____28____ near the cave’s entrance. They als used the daily vide recrdings t ____29____ Flamini’s physical and mental cnditin.
Flamini spent her days exercising, cking, reading, and drawing. She says she experienced____30____lss f her sense f time after abut tw mnths and was ____31____when a supprt crew member came t ____32____ her after 500 days. “I said,’ ____33____ ? N way. I hadn’t finished my bk,’” she recalls.
Flamini may have ____34____ a new wrld recrd fr the lngest time spent in a cave alne. But the achievement has nt been ____35____ by the Guinness Wrld Recrds.
21.
A. levelB. turnC. pintD. stage
22.
A. freeB. safeC. tiredD. discnnected
23.
A. escapedB. cameC. rushedD. emerged
24.
A. made utB. tk upC. wrked utD. picked up
25.
A. changeB. imprvementC. impactD. meaning
26.
A. bradcastB. arrangeC. transfrmD. dcument
27.
A. frequentlyB. regularlyC. temprarilyD. particularly
28.
A. necessitiesB. ladsC. materialsD. mixtures
29.
A. examineB. treatC. mnitrD. intrduce
30.
A. permanentB. cmpleteC. ptentialD. slight
31.
A. frightenedB. disappintedC. astnishedD. excited
32.
A. cmfrtB. fetchC. replaceD. wake
33.
A. AlreadyB. AgainC. PardnD. Yes
34.
A. keptB. brkenC. setD. equaled
35.
A. finishedB. displayedC. perfrmedD. cnfirmed
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了一名西班牙马德里居民Beatriz Flamini独自在洞穴里呆了500天，可能创造了新的世界纪录。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都需要偶尔花点时间独处。但Beatriz Flamini把事情带到了一个全新的高度。A. level水平；B. turn转动；C. pint要点；D. stage阶段。根据空后“spent 500 days in a 230-ft (abut 70-meter) undergrund cave”可知，Beatriz Flamini在洞穴中度过了500天，把需要时间独处这件事带到了一个新“水准，高度”。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位西班牙马德里居民在一个230英尺(约70米)深的地下洞穴中度过了500天，与外界隔绝。A. free免费的，自由的；B. safe安全的；C. tired疲惫的；D. discnnected断开的，分离的。根据空前的“spend time alne”和空后提示“islatin”可知，此处表示她与世界“隔离”。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Flamini被隔离时48岁，2023年4月14日从洞穴中出来时50岁。A. escaped逃离；B. came来；C. rushed冲向；D. emerged出现。根据并列连词and前的动作“went int islatin”可知，进入隔离48岁，从洞穴出来50岁，emerge frm表示“(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现”。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：极限运动员接受了考验她精神力量的挑战。A. made ut理解，辨认；B. tk up接受，承担；C. wrked ut解决；D. picked up捡起，接送。根据前文句意“The Madrid, Spain, resident spent 500 days in a 230-ft (abut 70-meter) undergrund cave”可知，她独自在洞穴呆了500天，说明她“接受”了该挑战。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她还想帮助科学家探索隔离对人体和心灵的影响。A. change改变；B. imprvement提升；C. impact影响。D. meaning意思。由前文“the challenge f testing her mental strength”可知，该挑战考验精神力量，即隔离对人体和心灵产生的“影响”。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她带着两台相机记录她的停留。A. bradcast播放；B. arrange安排；C. transfrm改变；D. dcument记录。由“tw cameras”和“stays”可知，用相机“记录”自己在洞穴的生活。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：一队志愿者定期在洞穴入口附近送去食物、新鲜衣服、水和其它必需品，为这次雄心勃勃的冒险提供支持。A. frequently频繁地；B. regularly定期地；C. temprarily暂时地；D. particularly尤其。根据空前“vlunteers supprted the ambitius adventure”和“drpping ff fd, fresh clthes, water ”可知，食物、新鲜衣服、水等其它东西需要“定期”输送。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一队志愿者定期在洞穴入口附近送去食物、新鲜衣服、水和其他必需品，为这次雄心勃勃的冒险提供支持。A. necessities必需品；B. lads装载；C. materials材料；D. mixtures混合物。根据并列连词and前的“fd, fresh clthes, water”可知，这些都是生活“必需品”。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还使用每日录像来监测Flamini的身体和精神状况。A. examine检查；B. treat对待；C. mnitr监测；D. intrduce介绍。根据空前提示“recrdings”和空后内容“Flamini’s physical and mental cnditin”可知，使用录像的目的是“监测”她的身体和精神状态。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说，大约两个月后，她完全失去了时间观念，500天后，当一名后勤人员来接她时，她感到很惊讶。A. permanent持久的；B. cmplete完全的；C. ptential潜在的；D. slight轻微的。根据空前的“ spent her days exercising, cking, reading, and drawing”可知，Flamini独自在洞穴里每天锻炼、做饭、读书和画画，与世界隔离，所以2个月后“完全”失去了时间概念。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说，大约两个月后，她完全失去了时间观念，500天后，当一名后勤人员来接她时，她感到很惊讶。A. frightened害怕的；B. disappinted失望的；C. astnished震惊的；D. excited激动的。根据空后“N way”和“I hadn’t finished my bk”可知，她对过了500天的反应是不可能，自己还没有写完书，说明她是“震惊的”。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，大约两个月后，她完全失去了时间观念，500天后，当一名后勤人员来接她时，她感到很惊讶。A. cmfrt安慰；B. fetch去接；C. replace代替；D. wake醒来。根据空前“ supprt crew member came t”和空后“after 500 days”可知，500天后，工作人员来“接”她。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义和感叹词词义辨析。句意：我说：“已经（500天了）?不可能。我还没写完我的书。”A. Already已经；B. Again再一次；C. Pardn请再说一遍；D. Yes是。根据空后的“N way”可知她不相信“已经”过了500天了。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Flamini可能创造了一个新的世界纪录，她独自在洞穴里呆了最长的时间。A. kept保持；B. brken打破；C. set设立；D. equaled比得上。根据空后内容“a new wrld recrd”可知，她“创”了新的世界纪录。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这一成就尚未得到吉尼斯世界纪录的证实。A. finished完成；B. displayed展示；C. perfrmed表演；D. cnfirmed证实。根据空前“the achievement”和空后“by the Guinness Wrld Recrds”可知，Flamini创立的记录还未得到吉尼斯世界记录的“证实”。故选D。
第二节 语法填空题(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The sheepskin raft (羊皮筏), the ldest means f transprtatin alng the Yellw River, has a histry f nearly 2,000 years. The airbag f the raft is made f ___36___ whle sheepskin and ges thrugh many prcesses including heating t remve hair, saking in salty il, sewing, drying ___37___ blwing. Then the airbags ___38___ (fasten) t a wden stand, enabling its use fr transprting peple and gds acrss the water.
It is said that the largest sheepskin raft in ld times ___39___ (cnsist) f mre than 600 sheepskin airbags, with an impressive length f 22 meters and a ___40___ (wide) f 7 meters. It was capable f carrying arund 30 tns f gds and drifting ver 200 kilmeters in ne day.
In the early 20th century, befre the 1950s, ___41___ railways were nt yet in peratin and rad traffic was ___42___(cnvenient), the sheepskin raft served as the mst imprtant means f transprtatin fr residents ___43___ (live) alng the Yellw River.
Hwever, with the rapid develpment f sciety, the sheepskin raft has largely played its histrical rle ___44___ transprting peple and gds. Nwadays, it can nly be fund alng the banks f the Yellw River in sme cities in Gansu prvince. It has becme a tl fr peple ___45___ (d) sme sightseeing n the Yellw River.
【答案】36. a 37. and
38. are fastened
39. cnsisted
40. width 41. when
42. incnvenient
43. living 44. in
45. t d
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了黄河沿岸羊皮筏的制作流程和历史作用。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：筏子的安全气囊由整张羊皮制成，经过加热脱毛、浸咸油、缝制、烘干、吹气等诸多工序。sheepskin意为“带毛绵羊皮”，为可数名词，句中用的单数，前用不定冠词修饰，whle为辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：筏子的安全气囊由整张羊皮制成，经过加热脱毛、浸咸油、缝制、烘干、吹气等诸多工序。分析句子结构可知，blwing和前文的heating t remve hair, saking in salty il, sewing, drying并列，应用and连接。故填and。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：然后将安全气囊固定在一个木制支架上，使其能够在水上运输人员和货物。分析句子结构可知，fasten作本句谓语，主语是airbags，两者是被动关系，用被动语态，前文用的是一般现在时，此处也用一般现在时。故填are fastened。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：据说古代最大的羊皮筏由600多个羊皮气囊组成，长22米，宽7米，令人印象深刻。分析句子结构可知，cnsist作从句的谓语，根据时间状语in ld times可知，用一般过去时。故填cnsisted。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：据说古代最大的羊皮筏由600多个羊皮气囊组成，长22米，宽7米，令人印象深刻。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，所以空处应填名词，wide的名词形式是width。故填width。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：20世纪50年代以前，铁路尚未开通，公路交通不便，羊皮筏是黄河沿岸居民最主要的交通工具。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前文的时间，在从句中作时间状语，用when引导。故填when。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：20世纪50年代以前，铁路尚未开通，公路交通不便，羊皮筏是黄河沿岸居民最主要的交通工具。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处填形容词作表语，根据句意，应是incnvenient意为“不方便”符合语境。故填incnvenient。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：20世纪50年代以前，铁路尚未开通，公路交通不便，羊皮筏是黄河沿岸居民最主要的交通工具。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词served，所以live用非谓语形式，逻辑主语是residents，两者是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填living。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，随着社会的飞速发展，羊皮筏已经在很大程度上发挥了它在运送人和货物方面的历史作用。此处是固定搭配：play rle in意为“在某方面起作用”。故填in。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它已经成为人们在黄河上观光的工具。本句已有谓语动词has becme，所以d用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处应是用不定式做主语。故填t d。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，请你代表你班同学给校长写一封信，反映你们学校食堂存在的问题，以引起学校重视并针对问题提出合理建议。食堂存在的问题如下：
1.菜价昂贵，菜式单一；
2.排队时间长，浪费午休时间；
3.味道不佳， 浪费现象严重。
注意: 1. 词数不少于120左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
3. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Principal,
Recently, many students are discussing the prblems f the canteen. The prblems are as fllw.
Sme students think the prices f the dishes are t high and that the chices are t limited. Anther cncern is that the time spent in waiting is s lng that we have less time t have a rest. Meanwhile, sme students think that the taste f the fd is awful, which leads t a lt f waste.
As far as I’m cncerned, measures are suppsed t be taken t imprve the cnditins f the canteen. First f all, it’s suggested that the prices be mre reasnable and the chices f dishes be mre varius. In additin, it's better t pen mre service windws t reduce waiting time.
I sincerely hpe yu can adpt my suggestins. Thank yu!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表同学们给校长写一封信，反映学校食堂存在的问题，以引起学校重视并针对问题提出合理建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
选择：chice→ptin
同时：meanwhile→at the same time
此外：in additin→besides
建议：suggestin→advice
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I sincerely hpe yu can adpt my suggestins.
拓展句：I wuld appreciate it if yu can adpt my suggestins.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Anther cncern is that the time spent in waiting is s lng that we have less time t have a rest. (运用了that引导表语从句和结果状语从句)
[高分句型2] Meanwhile, sme students think that the taste f the fd is awful, which leads t a lt f waste. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
Oh n. Cach Cafferty just said my name. Fr that event. The tw-hundred-metre breaststrke (蛙泳) fr the cming meet! Nt the backstrke (仰泳) I had wished and practiced fr s lng!
Beads f sweat ppped ut ver my upper lip. Mrgan pressed her elbw int my side, trying t ffer me mral supprt. But it didn’t help. My stmach sank t my knees like a brick in water. Mrgan tried t cnvince me it wuld be fine. “Maybe Cach has mre cnfidence in yu than yu think. Or maybe Cach Cafferty just want t give the rest a laugh when I sink t the bttm f the pl,” I thught desperately. I walked twards Cach Cafferty and tld her abut my inability and my desire t quit this event. She frwned and asked if it was what I really wanted.
I hesitated. Placing her hand n my shulder, she started smiling and encuraged me t push myself utside f my cmfrt zne.
The first practice was a disaster. I lst rhythm n my strkes. I messed up my turns. I even had t stp and catch my breath a few times. I felt everyne was laughing at me and my stmach twisted. Hw culd I make it within just tw weeks? But nce I dragged myself ut f the water, exhausted and frustrated, Cach Cafferty thumbed up t me, saying I did really well and just needed mre cnfidence in myself and mre time t practice.
On the way back hme, Mrgan cmfrted me, “Dear, just ignre thers. Race against yurself. Cunt yur wn strkes. Prve t yurself that yu can d it.” With these wrds said t me almst every day, befre r after each practice, smething gradually changed: bth hw I swam the breaststrke and hw I felt abut the event as well as myself.
The meet finally came. I arrived at the pl hall, still a little bit wrried. As each event clicked clser t mine, my knees shk. I bit my lip and lked ut ver the ther swimmers. Mrgan leaned frward. “Just swim yur race. Remember, yu can!”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Then the tw-hundred-milestne breaststrke was annunced.
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Paragraph 2:
There was nly 50 meters t g.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Then the tw-hundred-milestne breaststrke was annunced. I culd feel my heart was beating faster and faster. As the signal was released, I jumped int the water and swam with my whle strength. Withut secnd thughts in my mind, I was absrbed in this as if this was the nly thing I need t d in the wrld. Mrgan’s encuraging wrds appeared and I started t believe in myself.
Paragraph 2:
There was nly 50 meters t g. I seemed almst t be reaching my limit. I even culd feel a cramp in my calf. Althugh there were the mental and physical discmfrt, I was determined t finish the race. I didn’t want t let my cach and Mrgan dwn. Finally, I came t the finish line. I felt bth tired and a sense f achievement. T my surprise, I wn the secnd prize.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者要参加蛙泳比赛，非常担心，教练和朋友一直安慰鼓励作者，最终作者取得了好成绩。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“200米蛙泳宣布要开始了”可知，第一段可描写作者比赛的经过和心理活动。
②由第二段首句内容“只剩下50米了”可知，第二段可描写作者完成比赛，取得了第好成绩。
2.续写线索：比赛开始——投入比赛——想要放弃——继续坚持——完成比赛——获奖
3.词汇激活
行类
①释放，发出：release/ deliver
②完成：finish /cmplete
③失望：let sb. dwn/disappint sb.
情绪类
①决心：determine / reslute
②鼓励的：encuraging / supprting
【点睛】[高分句型1] As the signal was released, I jumped int the water and swam with my whle strength. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Althugh there were the mental and physical discmfrt, I was determined t finish the race. (运用了althugh引导让步状语从句)