《微专题 小练习》 英语 新高考 练习57　语法填空＋阅读理解

这是一份《微专题 小练习》 英语 新高考 练习57　语法填空＋阅读理解，共4页。

Ⅰ.语法填空
Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables (寓言)1.________ (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm. Fables were part f the ral traditin f many early cultures, and the well­knwn Aesp's fables date t the 2.________ (six) century B．C.Yet, the frm f the fable still has values tday, 3.________ Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw”．
Carsn uses a simple, direct style cmmn t fables. In fact, her style and tne (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was nce a twn in the heart f America 4.________ all life seemed t enjy peaceful c­existence with its surrundings，” her fable begins, 5.________ (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age­ld fables. Behind the simple style, hwever, is a serius message 6.________ (intend) fr everyne.
7．________ (difference) frm traditinal fables, Carsn's stry ends with an accusatin instead f a mral. She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility 8.________ saving their envirnment.
The themes f traditinal fables ften deal with simple truths abut everyday life. Hwever, Carsn's theme is a mre weighty 9.________ (warn) abut envirnmental destructin. Carsn prves that a simple literary frm that has been passed dwn thrugh the ages can still 10.________ (emply) tday t draw attentin t imprtant truths.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A

Yu've heard an ld Chinese saying befre: Give a man a fish and yu feed him fr a day; teach a man t fish and yu feed him fr a lifetime. Yu may even be ndding yur head in agreement right nw. Hwever，we can have a different understanding f it.
When a persn is starving, that's nt the time t fill their head with knwledge but t first give the persn a fish—eradicating their hunger—and nly then teach them t fish. Far t ften, peple ignre this cmmn­sense first step. They see smene wh is struggling, and they rush t ffer wisdm. “Let me tell yu what I'd d in yur psitin，” a well­meaning individual might ffer.
But few f us understand the anxiety, cnfusin and uncertainty that cme with verwhelming need. Peple meeting with persnal disasters dn't have the ability t think straight. Their nerves may be sht. Their cnfidence may be nn­existent. Can yu imagine what it wuld be like t be in that persn's situatin?
Rushing t ffer a struggling persn lng­term advice is a waste f time. Instead, it makes far mre sense t help them regain their emtinal balance. Once their ears, heart and mind pen, yu'll have an pprtunity t teach a new skill.
But hw d we knw whether a persn needs a fish befre a fishing lessn? Tw things: One is the ability t pay attentin. We need t knw whether the ther persn is pen and receptive, r lking at the wrld thrugh narrwed eyes. Yu can't just take their wrds but have t lk at hw the persn acts and what they dn't say. The ther is empathy (共情). The mre successful yu are, the harder it is t imagine what it must be like t be the ppsite. Try t create a safe envirnment fr emtinal acceptance befre the fishing lessn.
1．What is the functin f the first paragraph?
A．T illustrate a cncept.
B．T bring in a new viewpint.
C．T intrduce the backgrund.
D．T put up an example.
2．What des the underlined wrd “eradicating” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Getting rid f.
B．Paying attentin t.
C．Making up fr.
D．Putting up with.
3．What shuld we d first fr thse in disasters?
A．Get them t think straight.
B．Enhance their cnfidence.
C．Satisfy their primary needs.
D．Teach them a new skill.
4．Which des the authr prbably agree with accrding t the last paragraph?
A．Live and learn.
B．Never teach a fish t swim.
C．Put yurself in thers' shes.
D．Dn't teach an ld dg new tricks.
B

Like any dctr, Jacques Fellay wants t give his patients the best care. Hidden inside ur bdies are genetic (基因的) markers that can tell him which patients culd prbably have diseases such as AIDS and prvide early treatments. Hwever, there are wrries fr Fellay: they cntain sensitive details that culd lead t embarrassment, discriminatin r even wrse.
A new kind f encryptin, fully hmmrphic encryptin (FHE) (完全同态加密), is making it pssible fr data users t run multiple peratins n genetic data withut seeing the cntents. This can help end big data's privacy prblems, and Fellay's patients can be sme f the first t benefit.
In 1978, the cncept f hmmrphic encryptin (HE) was firstly prpsed. Accrding t it, ne culd encrypt and share data with thers, wh culd analyze and perfrm calculatins n the data with n idea what it means. After getting the data back, the data user culd simply arrive at the result using the secret key and it will make ttal sense.
In 2009, Craig Gentry firstly prvided a wrkable FHE prgram. Like HE, it rests n a mathematical idea called a hmmrphism, which mstly relies n using algebra (代数) t map data frm ne frm t anther withut changing its underlying structure. Hwever, it supprts multiple peratins n encrypted data, rather than nly ne calculatin in HE.
Later, Gentry went n t wrk at IBM, which nw has cmplicated FHE tls t run encrypted data. In the medical field, fr example, it detected signs f pneumnia (肺炎) infectin by applying FHE t analyze the encrypted CT scans f mre than 1，500 peple's lungs. In a paper published in Octber 2021, the team used FHE t cllect data frm multiple surces and predicted the effect f cancer treatments r the prcess f HIV infectin, as in Fellay's case.
Wrkable, but still slw: calculatins n the FHE­encrypted data culd take millins f times lnger than thse n raw data. But, as Gldwasser said, “If yu believe that security is nt a plus, but it's a must, then in sme sense there is n verhead.”
5．What is Fellay cncerned abut?
A．Serius diseases.
B．Sensitive patients.
C．The safety f persnal data.
D．The lack f genetic infrmatin.
6．In what way is FHE different frm HE?
A．It speeds up the analyses.
B．It allws mre calculatins.
C．It prevents direct access t data.
D．It depends n the use f algebra.
7．What is Gldwasser's attitude twards FHE?
A．Cntradictry. B．Unclear.
C．Favrable. D．Intlerant.
8．What is the main idea f the text?
A．FHE prtects privacy in the big data era.
B．FHE pens a new wrld fr medical wrkers.
C．Gentry prpsed a new encryptin technlgy.
D．Hmmrphic encryptin develped ver time.
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