湖北省夷陵中学、恩施高中2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考联考英语试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份湖北省夷陵中学、恩施高中2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考联考英语试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Hw much des a ticket cst?
A.$6. B.$8. C.$10.
2. What will the wman d first?
A. Get her jacket. B. Pack smething t drink. C. G t the bathrm.
3. When will the speakers meet?
A. At 11:00 a. m. B. At 9:00 a. m. C. At 1:00 p. m.
4. What is Ted prbably ding?
A. Ding science hmewrk. B. Watching a mvie. C. Helping a teacher.
5. Hw des Mnica feel these days?
A. Excited. B. Wrried. C. Tuched.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5 分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the wman mad abut?
A. Her shes. B. Sme snacks. C. The man’s wrk.
7. Hw will the man fix the prblem?
A. By getting a refund. B. By shpping smewhere else. C. By giving ckies t smene else.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. Parent and child. C. Nvelist and reader.
9. Why desn’t the wman write abut her life?
A. It’s t persnal. B. It’s t bring. C. It’s t awkward.
听第8段材料。回答第10至12题。
10. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Dnating mney.
B. Finding the wner f the lst prperty.
C. Dealing with the estate the wman received.
11. What is prbably the man’s jb?
A. A lawyer. B. A banker. C. A dctr.
12. Wh will benefit frm the mney in the end?
A The wman’s relatives. B. The wman. C. The man.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What des the wman need a table t fr?
A. Lking thrugh the Internet. B. Watching mvies. C. Reading bks.
14. Hw many bks can the tablet n sale hld?
A.10,000. B.15,000. C.20,000.
15. Why is a tablet better than a cmputer accrding t the man?
A. It is cheaper t get bks. B. It is faster than a cmputer. C. It is better fr yur eyes.
16. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At a cmputer cmpany. B. At a phne repair shp. C. At an electrnics stre.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did Webistics try t prvide when it started?
A. The fastest Internet. B. The cheapest Internet. C. The mst reliable Internet.
18. What des Webistics als ffer?
A. Phne service. B. Lg design. C. Marketing fr lcal businesses.
19. What is the gd news abut Webistics?
A. It will pen a new branch.
B. It will jin a big Internet cmpany.
C. It will becme the largest mbile phne cmpany.
20. What will Webistics d t celebrate the gd news?
A. Run a prmtin. B. Perfrm a ceremny. C. Hld the state baseball turnament.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Abut Schlastic Kids Press
Schlastic Kids Press is a grup f talented kid reprters, ages 10-14, frm acrss the cuntry and arund the wrld. Since 2000, ur award-winning yung jurnalists have reprted “news fr kids, by kids”, cvering plitics, entertainment the envirnment, sprts and mre in their hmetwns and n the natinal stage. Their stries appear nline and in Schlastic magazines, which reach mre than 25 millin students in classrms natinwide.
Schlastic Kid Reprters have made headlines（头条）by interviewing Pulitzer Prize-winning cmpser Lin-Manuel Miranda, envirnmentalist Jane Gdall, Librarian f Cngress Carla Hayden, Nbel Peace Prize winner Malala Yusafzai, Dg Man authr Dav Pilkey, actress Misty Cpeland and mre.
Cntact Inf
Email us at kidspress@schlastic.cm.
Hw t apply?
We are nw accepting Kid Reprter applicatins fr the 2023-2024 prgram year. Learn mre and dwnlad the applicatin here.
The applicatin t jin Schlastic Kids Press includes writing a news stry, stry ideas and a persnal article. Editrs select Kid Reprters every year based n writing ability, interviewing skills and attentin t detail.
T be cnsidered, applicants must be between 10-14. Students in any part f the wrld are welcme t apply.
What d Schlastic Kid Reprters write abut?
Thrughut the year, Schlastic Kid Reprters cver issues and tpics that matter mst t them and their peers(同龄人). This includes current events, breaking news, entertainment, sprts and mre frm their cmmunities.
The Kid Reprter applicatin is nw pen! Click here t learn mre.
1. Why des the authr mentin sme peple in the secnd paragraph?
A. T shw Schlastic Kid Reprters’ success.
B. T intrduce Schlastic Kid Reprters’ varius readers.
C. T prve Schlastic Kid Reprters’ effects n famus peple.
D. T tell us the tpics Schlastic Kid Reprters value.
2. What des Schlastic Kids Press pay much attentin t abut the applicants?
A. The place they cme frm.B. Their age.
C. Their persnal experience.D. The language they speak.
3. What d Schlastic Kid Reprters mainly cver?
A. Skills in making delicius fd.B. Stries f their parents.
C. The mst imprtant things fr kids.D. Husewrk suitable fr children.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章讲述了一家儿童新闻机构招聘小记者。它有一群才华横溢的小记者，年龄在10到14岁之间，来自全国各地和世界各地。自2000年以来，屡获殊荣的年轻记者报道“儿童新闻”，涵盖政治、娱乐、环境、体育等。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Schlastic Kid Reprters have made headlines（头条）by interviewing Pulitzer Prize-winning cmpser Lin-Manuel Miranda, envirnmentalist Jane Gdall, Librarian f Cngress Carla Hayden, Nbel Peace Prize winner Malala Yusafzai, Dg Man authr Dav Pilkey, actress Misty Cpeland and mre.(“学院派儿童记者”采访普利策奖得主、作曲家林-曼努埃尔·米兰达、环保主义者简·古道尔、国会图书馆馆长卡拉·海登、诺贝尔和平奖得主马拉拉·尤萨夫扎伊、《狗人》作者戴维·普尔基、女演员米斯蒂·科普兰等人，成为头条新闻。)”可知，第二段提到的这些人名都是一些著名人物，学院派儿童记者能够采访到这些人，说明很成功。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hw t apply?中的“T be cnsidered, applicants must be between 10-14.(申请人年龄必须在10-14岁之间。)”可知，申请人的年龄必须在10-14岁之间，这是需要关注的。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据What d Schlastic Kid Reprters write abut?中的“Thrughut the year, Schlastic Kid Reprters cver issues and tpics that matter mst t them and their peers(同龄人).(在这一年中，学术儿童记者会报道对他们和他们的同龄人最重要的问题和话题。)”可知，小记者会报道对他们和他们的同龄人最重要的问题和话题。故选C项。
B
I always dreamed f studying abrad, t learn at a wrld-class university while further explring the grunds n which these natins achieved new milestnes f develpment with each passing day.
T study abrad after my graduatin, I culd nt stp seeking my dream. T take the first step, I did sme brainstrming and explred pprtunities n the Internet and finally decided t g t China. There were a number f reasns behind it—its advanced educatin system and thusands f centuries f rich culture inspired me t study there. The primary ne was my curisity hw a natin has left many natins behind in a shrt time at its fast pace f develpment.
S just like that, I applied, alng with sme f my friends, fr a master’s degree prgram at Cmmunicatin University f China. I was the nly ne wh gt selected in the said prgram and in additin, the Chinese Schlarship Cuncil spnsred all f my expenses. This gd news was welcmed by my family.
This is my seventh mnth in Beijing. In my experience s far, ne thing that appeared t be missing was the internship (实习) which I tried t find because I want t wrk here after cmpletin f my studies. After sme struggles I was lucky enugh t get the pprtunity t wrk as an int ern with the Center fr China and Glbalizatin(CCG). It’s very exciting t wrk n their team as a researcher. Nw I can prudly say that my decisin t chse China as a study destinatin was the best decisin I have ever made.
4. What is the functin f the first paragraph?
A. T explain his purpse.B. T encurage dream pursuit.
C. T summarize his experience.D. T prvide backgrund infrmatin.
5. Which wrd can best replace the underlined wrd?
A. subscribeB. cverC. cmmitD. invlve
6. What can we learn abut the authr frm the last paragraph?
A. He is mst prud f studying in China.B. He fund a jb upn arriving in Beijing.
C. He wants t be a researcher in the future.D. He plans t wrk in China after graduatin.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Travel experiences in ChinaB. Imprtance f having dreams
C. Realizatin f dreams in ChinaD. Learning and wrking in China
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者梦想出国留学，最终选择到中国留学的经历。作者通过描述自己的申请过程、选择中国的原因、实习经历以及现在的感受，表达了自己对于中国和留学的热爱和感激之情。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I always dreamed f studying abrad, t learn at a wrld-class university while further explring the grunds n which these natins achieved new milestnes f develpment with each passing day.(我一直梦想着出国留学，在世界一流大学学习，同时进一步探索这些国家每天取得新发展里程碑的原因。)”以及第二段“T study abrad after my graduatin, I culd nt stp seeking my dream. T take the first step, I did sme brainstrming and explred pprtunities n the Internet and finally decided t g t China.(毕业后出国留学，我不能停止追求我的梦想。为了迈出第一步，我在网上进行了一些头脑风暴和探索机会，最终决定去中国。)”可知，第一段是为了介绍作者决定到中国留学的一些背景知识。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句的主语“the Chinese Schlarship Cuncil(中国留学基金委)”以及划线单词后的“all f my expenses.(我的所有费用)”，以及下一句“This gd news was welcmed by my family.(这个好消息受到了我家人的欢迎。)”可知，中国留学基金委资助了我的全部费用。选项A“subscribe (同意)”；选项B“cver(支付)”；选项C“cmmit (承诺)”；选项D“invlve (包含)”。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“In my experience s far, ne thing that appeared t be missing was the internship (实习) which I tried t find because I want t wrk here after cmpletin f my studies.(到目前为止，在我的经历中，有一件事似乎缺失了，那就是我试图找到的实习机会，因为我想在完成学业后在这里工作。)”可知，作者计划毕业后留在中国工作。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“I always dreamed f studying abrad, t learn at a wrld-class university while further explring the grunds n which these natins achieved new milestnes f develpment with each passing day.(我一直梦想着出国留学，在世界一流大学学习，同时进一步探索这些国家每天取得新发展里程碑的原因。)” 以及第二段“T study abrad after my graduatin, I culd nt stp seeking my dream. T take the first step, I did sme brainstrming and explred pprtunities n the Internet and finally decided t g t China.(毕业后出国留学，我不能停止追求我的梦想。为了迈出第一步，我在网上进行了一些头脑风暴和探索机会，最终决定去中国。)”再结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者在中国实现了幼时梦想的故事。故选C。
C
Every persn yawns. S d many ther vertebrate (有脊椎的) animals, including snakes, dgs, cats, sharks, and chimpanzees. While yawning is cntagius (会传染的), nt everyne catches a yawn. Arund 60-70% f peple yawn if they see anther persn yawn in real life r in a pht r even read abut yawning. Cntagius yawning als ccurs in animals, but it desn’t necessarily wrk the same way as in peple.
Scientists have prpsed many theries fr why we catch yawns. Prbably the mst ppular thery is that yawning serves as a frm f nnverbal cmmunicatin. Catching a yawn shws yu’re accustmed t a persn’s emtins. Scientific evidence cmes frm a 2010 study at the University f Cnnecticut, which cncluded yawning des nt becme cntagius until a child is abut fur years ld when empathy (共情) skills develp. In the study, children with autism, wh may have impaired empathy develpment, caught yawns less ften than their peers.
Studying cntagius yawning in ther animals may prvide clues t hw peple catch yawns. Cntagius yawning in animals may serve as a means f cmmunicatin. Siamese fighting fish yawn when they see their mirrr image r anther fighting fish, generally just prir t an attack.
Cntagius yawning is linked t temperature, in bth animals and peple. Mst scientists speculate it is a thermregulatry behavir, while sme researchers believe it is used t cmmunicate a ptential threat r stressful situatin. A 2010 study f budgerigars (虎皮鹦鹉) fund that yawning increased as temperature was raised near bdy temperature.
Peple cmmnly yawn when tired r bred. Similar behavir is seen in animals. One study fund the brain temperature in sleep deprived rats was higher than their cre temperature. Yawning reduced brain temperature, pssibly imprving brain functin. Researchers will d further study n this.
8. What can we learn abut yawning frm Paragraph 1?
A. All animals yawn.
B. Reading abut yawning may make a persn yawn.
C. Only vertebrate animals yawn.
D. Yawning wrks the same fr human and animals.
9. Why des the authr mentin children with autism in Paragraph 2?
A. T prve a thery.B. T define a cncept
C. T develp the theme.D. T prvide the backgrund.
10. Siamese fighting fish yawn t ________.
A. shw kindness.B. find a partner.
C. give a threat.D. escape frm danger.
11. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Mre research in yawning will be carried ut in the future.
B. Temperature is nt a factr cncerning yawning.
C. The secret t yawing has been wrked ut.
D. Yawning can imprve brain functin greatly.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们提出的一些解释人们会打哈欠的理论。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Arund 60-70% f peple yawn if they see anther persn yawn in real life r in a pht r even read abut yawning.(在现实生活中大约60-70%的人在看到别人打哈欠会打哈欠，或者在照片中，甚至在阅读有关打哈欠的文章时也会打哈欠。)”可知，读有关打哈欠的书可能会让人打哈欠。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“ Prbably the mst ppular thery is that yawning serves as a frm f nnverbal cmmunicatin. Catching a yawn shws yu’re accustmed t a persn’s emtins. Scientific evidence cmes frm a 2010 study at the University f Cnnecticut, which cncluded yawning des nt becme cntagius until a child is abut fur years ld when empathy (共情) skills develp. In the study, children with autism, wh may have impaired empathy develpment, caught yawns less ften than their peers.(也许最流行的理论是打哈欠是一种非语言交流的形式。打呵欠说明你已经习惯了一个人的情绪。科学证据来自康涅狄格大学(University f Cnnecticut) 2010年的一项研究，该研究得出结论说，直到一个孩子四岁左右，当共情技能发展起来时，打哈欠才会具有传染性。在这项研究中，患有自闭症的儿童，他们的同理心发展可能受损，比他们的同龄人更少打哈欠。)”可知，作者在第二段提到自闭症儿童来证明一个理论：打哈欠是一种非语言交流形式。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Cntagius yawning in animals may serve as a means f cmmunicatin. Siamese fighting fish yawn when they see their mirrr image r anther fighting fish, generally just prir t an attack.(动物的传染性打哈欠可能作为一种交流的手段。暹罗斗鱼看到自己的镜像或其他斗鱼时会打哈欠，通常是在攻击之前。)”可知，暹罗斗鱼打哈欠以示威胁。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“One study fund the brain temperature in sleep deprived rats was higher than their cre temperature. Yawning reduced brain temperature, pssibly imprving brain functin. Researchers will d further study n this.( 一项研究发现，被剥夺睡眠的老鼠的大脑温度高于它们的核心温度。打哈欠会降低大脑温度，可能会改善大脑功能。研究人员将对此进行进一步研究。)”可推知，未来还会有更多关于打哈欠的研究。故选A。
D
It's n secret that inhaling(吸入)smke is bad fr yur lungs. But nw, scientists are suggesting smke may als carry and spread infectius diseases. The thery, published in Science Magazine, is based n the research that fund wildfire smke is full f thusands f species f micrrganisms(微生物).Sme f these micrrganisms, including bacteria and fungal spres(真菌抱子).are knwn t cause disease.
The new research suggests that when a wildfire burns plants r animal matter and disturbs sils, it expses thusands f species f bacteria and fungi that therwise might nt easily becme airbrne. Yu might think the high heat frm fire wuld kill these rganisms, but ne study mentined in the article fund that sme bacteria even multiply after fires. Scientists say the rganisms stick with smke particulates(颗粒物), allwing them t travel thusands f miles acrss cntinents.
Dr. Peter Chen, directr f the Divisin f Pulmnary and Critical Care Medicine at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Ls Angeles, is interested in the thery but smewhat skeptical that the micrrganisms in smke wuld actually cause infectins. Many bacteria and fungi dn't cause lung infectins, says Chen, but it's certainly pssible that a significant number culd wrsen symptms in smene with a preexisting lung cnditin. "I always thught it was the particulates in smke that were causing these issues," says Chen. "But when I read this, I started thinking, culd it be the micrrganisms that are als wrsening existing illnesses?"
Whether the micrrganisms in smke actually cause infectins r simply wrsen ptential respiratry(呼吸的)issues, the article raises a new health threat that is "certainly alarming", says Kelsey Jack, an assciate prfessr f envirnmental and develpment ecnmics. This is especially true fr lwer-incme ppulatins, Jack says, because peple with fewer prtective means are ften mre expsed t the envirnment. If smke is affecting the air quality in a certain area, the peple wh wrk utside, r wh have t g t the ffice n ft r by bike will inhale mre smke than thse wh drive.
But until mre research is dne, Chen says the best thing peple can d is just fllw existing recmmendatins when air quality is pr-including staying indrs, keeping windws and drs clsed, using HEPA filters and running air cnditining.
12. What can we knw abut the micrrganisms frm Paragraph 2?
A. Sme culd reprduce after fires.
B. They culd be killed by high heat.
C. They culd pssibly travel thrugh air by themselves.
D. Sme culd cpy the smke particulates.
13. Hw d mst micrrganisms affect peple accrding t Dr. Peter Chen?
A. They will cause lung infectin.B. They might wrsen lung diseases.
C. They will destry living envirnments.D. They might damage respiratry systems.
14. Why are lwer-incme peple suffering mre than thers accrding t Kelsey Jack?
A. They live in pr areas.B. They drive t and frm wrk·
C. They have suffered frm lung disease.D. They are expsed t plluted air mre frequently.
15. What des Chen advise peple t d in the last paragraph?
A. T wait fr the results f mre researches.
B. T ignre the air quality and t wrk ut utdrs.
C. T fllw previus suggestins n dealing with pr air quality.
D. T avid using filters and air cnditining.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们认为烟雾也可能携带和传播传染病。发表在《科学》杂志上的这一理论基于一项研究，该研究发现野火烟雾中充满了数千种微生物。其中一些微生物会引起疾病。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “Yu might think the high heat frm fire wuld kill these rganisms, but ne study mentined in the article fund that sme bacteria even multiply after fires.”（你可能认为大火的高温会杀死这些生物，但文章中提到的一项研究发现，一些细菌在火灾后甚至会繁殖。）可知，从第二段我们可以了解到有些微生物在火灾后还能再生。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “Many bacteria and fungi dn't cause lung infectins, says Chen, but it's certainly pssible that a significant number culd wrsen symptms in smene with a preexisting lung cnditin.”（陈教授说，许多细菌和真菌不会引起肺部感染，但有相当数量的细菌和真菌可能会使已有肺部疾病的人的症状恶化。）可知，陈彼得博士认为大多数微生物可能会加重肺部疾病。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “This is especially true fr lwer-incme ppulatins, Jack says, because peple with fewer prtective means are ften mre expsed t the envirnment.”（这对低收入人群来说尤其如此，杰克说，因为保护手段较少的人往往更容易暴露在环境中。）可知，烟雾会传播疾病这件事对低收入的人群有更大的影响，是因为他们更多地直接接触环境。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But until mre research is dne, Chen says the best thing peple can d is just fllw existing recmmendatins when air quality is pr-including staying indrs, keeping windws and drs clsed, using HEPA filters and running air cnditining.”（但在更多的研究完成之前，陈教授说，人们能做的最好的事情就是在空气质量差的时候遵循现有的建议——包括待在室内、关好门窗、使用高效空气过滤器和开空调。）可知，Dr. Chen 在最后一段建议人们遵循现有的避开恶劣空气的建议。故选C。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fr mst peple traveling abrad, their first chice is prbably t rush directly t turist sights. Fr me. I find lts f jy in grcery shpping n hliday.
As a vegetarian, finding restaurants that meet my needs is nt always easy abrad. ____16____ The first thing I d, after drpping my bags ff, is t g t a grcery stre. That enables me t ck breakfast in the mrning withut walking arund fr hurs trying t find “vegan breakfast” near me.
The variety f fds attracts me every time I travel smewhere new. In Malta, I fund the mst delicius chclate-filled cakes, the nes I wuld struggle t find even in the UK. ____17____ I was s delighted that I culd enjy such an unexpected treat. Anther surprise was their selectin f ice cream available even in the smallest grcery stres.
____18____ Lking fr smked tfu and crn pancakes turns int quite a missin whenever I visit Cluj-Napca in Rmania. There is usually nly ne variety f smked tfu, sld in a very small tub (食品盒) and nly in the cafeteria sectin. ____19____ That is because they are never available at the smaller nes.
Grcery shpping n hliday sunds unusual. But it means being invlved in the day-t-day lives f a cuntry’s citizens. I can pretend I am a lcal and put myself in their shes. I can watch kids begging their parents fr sweets, an internatinal experience that needs n language, r watch cuples pick up snacks and drinks fr a party n a Friday night. ____20____
A. I ended up eating these every day fr breakfast.
B. The challenge f finding fd is interesting. t.
C. The smked prduct is unique and specially packed.
D. S I always make sure t bk a place with a kitchen.
E. It’s an act f understanding peple as much as f buying fd.
F. Crn pancakes always require a trip t the bigger grcery stre.
G. By wandering arund in a new cuntry, I start t see what they value.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. B 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了作者作为素食主义者在旅行中喜欢去当地的食品杂货店购物，以便制作自己的食物。作者在不同的国家发现了各种各样的食品，并通过购物体验当地市民的日常生活。作者认为这是一个有趣而且可以让自己像当地人一样融入当地文化的做法。
【16题详解】
根据前文“As a vegetarian, finding restaurants that meet my needs is nt always easy abrad.(作为一名素食主义者，在国外找到满足我需求的餐厅并不总是那么容易)”可知，作者是一名素食主义者，因此在旅游时找到满足自己需求的餐馆并不容易，因此设空处应该指出作者在旅游时如何解决该问题。D选项“S I always make sure t bk a place with a kitchen.(所以我总是确保预定一个带厨房的地方)”承接前文，指出为解决在外旅游饮食问题，作者总是确保预定一个带厨房的地方，符合语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据前文“In Malta, I fund the mst delicius chclate-filled cakes, the nes I wuld struggle t find even in the UK.(在马耳他，我找到了最美味的巧克力夹心蛋糕，这种产品即使在英国也很难找到)”可知，作者遇到了一个美味的巧克力夹心蛋糕。A选项“I ended up eating these every day fr breakfast.(后来我每天早餐都吃这个)”中的these指代前文的chclate-filled cakes，形成呼应，指出作者每天早餐都吃夹心巧克力蛋糕，符合语境。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Lking fr smked tfu and crn pancakes turns int quite a missin whenever I visit Cluj-Napca in Rmania.(每当我去罗马尼亚的克卢日纳波卡时，寻找熏豆腐和玉米煎饼就成了一项相当艰巨的任务)”可知，此处强调作者喜欢在旅游过程中寻找食物。B选项“The challenge f finding fd is interesting, t.(寻找食物的挑战也很有趣)”引起下文，指出作者将寻找食物看作是有趣的挑战，符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据后文“That is because they are never available at the smaller nes.(这是因为它们在较小的商店里永远都买不到)”指出Cm煎饼在较小的商店里永远都买不到。F选项“Crn pancakes always require a trip t the bigger grcery stre.(玉米煎饼总是需要去大一点的杂货店)”与先问的they进行呼应，指出玉米煎饼总是需要去大一点的杂货店，因为在较小的商店里永远都买不到它们，符合语境。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据前文“But it means being invlved in the day-t-day lives f a cuntry’s citizens. (但它意味着参与一个国家公民的日常生活)”以及“I can watch kids begging their parents fr sweets, an internatinal experience that needs n language, r watch cuples pick up snacks and drinks fr a party n a Friday night.(我可以看到孩子们向父母乞讨糖果，这是一种不需要语言的国际体验，也可以看到情侣们为周五晚上的派对挑选零食和饮料)”可知，前文强调通过购物可以体验当地市民的日常生活，即作者通过购物能够参与一个国家公民的日常生活。E选项“It’s an act f understanding peple as much as f buying fd.(这是一种理解他人的行为，就像购买食物一样)”承接前文，指出通过购物可以让自己像当地人一样融入当地文化的做法。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My daughter Emma cmplained I always gt mad at her I had t admit I’ve been ____21____ t every little prblem. I culdn’t help lking n the dark side. The dctr said I was ____22____. I had t find sme way t get ut f this ____23____ f negativity.
Sn after, a friend shwed me his macr lens (微距镜头), which he ____24____ t his smartphne t take extremely clse-up phtgraphs. His phts made very small subjects lk larger than life. I was attracted t it immediately
I gt ne fr myself. I headed ut int the yard. I sptted a butterfly. Thrugh my new lens, I culd see hw it changed its clr, depending n the ____25____ f light. Every day I went t the yard t lk fr smething interesting t phtgraph. Sme insects flew away as sn as I ____26____ them, s I trained myself t slw my breathing and relax my bdy. Anything bthering me wuld ____27____. Lking thrugh my macr lens tk me t amazing things I had walked past withut ____28____ I’d capture a leaf, and a spider. Fcusing my energy and lens n smething s small brught me the ____29____ I’d never felt.
Macrphtgraphy became my ____30____ . It als went int ther parts f my life. One day when Emma displeased me, I tk deep breaths. Then I ____31____ explained why her behavir ____32____ me.
I’ve made peace with depressin after I discvered macrphtgraphy. I can ____33____ darker days nw. I can feel my anger r sadness, and then find a way ut. It takes ____34____ and shadw t make an interesting phtgraph. I think the same is ____35____ f life.
21.
A. verreactingB. verladingC. verlkingD. verwrking
22.
A. cnservativeB. depressedC. cnfusedD. mtivated
23.
A. sideB. peridC. cycleD. access
24.
A. appintedB. selectedC. attachedD. attracted
25.
A. lengthB. temperatureC. timeD. angle
26.
A. apprachedB. cllectedC. caughtD. exhibited
27.
A. break upB. stick utC. fade awayD. hld n
28.
A. greetingB. remarkingC. regrettingD. nticing.
29.
A. respectB. peaceC. pwerD. guidance
30.
A. wrkB. utletC. utcmeD. result
31.
A. calmlyB. graduallyC. eventuallyD. frequently
32.
A. tuchedB. seizedC. interruptedD. bthered
33.
A. imagineB. praiseC. faceD. frget
34.
A. patienceB. clurC. lightD. mney
35.
A. trueB. preciusC. fairD. critical
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者之前患有抑郁症，总是看到生活中令人不快的一面。通过微距摄影，作者摆脱了消极的循环，对生活有了新的认识。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不承认，我对每一个小问题都反应过度。A. verreacting 反应过度；B. verlading 超载；C. verlking 忽视；俯瞰；D. verwrking 过度劳累。根据上文“I always gt mad at her”以及下文“every little prblem”可知，作者的女儿Emma抱怨作者总是对小问题做出过度反应。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生说我抑郁了，我必须想办法摆脱这种消极的循环。A. cnservative保守的；B. depressed抑郁的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. mtivated有动机的。根据最后一段 “I’ve made peace with depressin after I discvered macrphtgraphy.”可知，医生诊断作者得了抑郁症。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析句意：同上。A. side侧面；一边；B. perid时期；C. cycle循环；D. access通道；入口。根据上文“The dctr said I was___2___.”可知，作者得了抑郁症，所以需要解决这个恶性循环。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，一位朋友给我看了他的微距镜头，他把它挂在智能手机上，用来拍摄特写照片。A. appinted任命；委派；B. selected挑选；C. attached系；附；D. attracted吸引。根据常识可知，微距镜头需要附在手机上。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过我的新镜头，我可以看到它是如何根据光线的角度而改变颜色的。A. length长度；B. temperature温度；C. time时间；D. angle角度。根据上文“it changed its clr”可知，蝴蝶的颜色改变是在不同角度的光线下发生的。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些昆虫一靠近就飞走了，所以我训练自己放慢呼吸，放松身体。A. apprached接近；B. cllected收集；C. caught抓住；D. exhibited展览；展示。根据上文“Sme insects flew away”以及下“s I trained myself t slw my breathing and relax my bdy”可知，作者拍摄需要靠近蝴蝶时，蝴蝶就飞走了，所以作者需要训练自己放慢呼吸和放轻松身体。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：任何困扰我的事情都会烟消云散。A. break up打碎；分裂；B. stick ut探出；显眼；C. fade away消失；D. hld n坚持。根据下文“I’ve made peace with depressin after I discvered macrphtgraphy.”可知，困扰作者的事情都消失了。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：透过微距镜头，我看到了我走过时没有注意到的令人惊叹的东西。A. greeting问候；B. remarking评论；C. regretting后悔；D. nticing注意。根据上文“I culdn’t help lking n the dark side.”可知，作者之前总是看到生活中令人不快的一面，所以忽视了生活中的美好。透过微距镜头，作者看到了自己未曾注意到的美好的事物。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：把我的精力和镜头集中在这么小的事情上给我带来了从未有过的平静。A. respect尊重；B. peace平静；C. pwer力量；D. guidance指导。根据下文“I’ve made peace with depressin after I discvered macrphtgraphy.”可知，作者找到了从未有过的平静。peace一词是原词复现。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：微距摄影成了我的情绪出口。A. wrk工作；B. utlet出口； 感情、思想、精力发泄的出路 ；C. utcme后果；D. result结果。根据上文“I had t find sme way t get ut f this____3____ f negativity.”和下文“I can feel my anger r sadness, and then find a way ut.”可知，微距摄影成了作者的情绪出口。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我平静地解释了为什么她的行为困扰着我。A. calmly冷静地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. eventually最后；D. frequently频繁地。根据上文“I tk deep breaths”可知，作者能够平静地对女儿做出解释。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. tuched打动；触摸；B. seized抓住；C. interrupted打扰；D. bthered困扰。根据上文“Emma displeased me”以及“Anything bthering me wuld____7____.”可知，此处指她的行为困扰着我。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我现在可以面对黑暗的日子了。A. imagine想象；B. praise称赞；C. face面对；D. frget忘记。根据下文“I can feel my anger r sadness, and then find a way ut.”可知，作者说自己能感觉到愤怒或悲伤，然后找到解决的方法，所以作者可以面对更令人不快的日子。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：拍摄一张有趣的照片需要光和影。A. patience耐心；B. clur颜色；C. light光；D. mney金钱。根据上文“the angle f light”以及下文“shadw”可知，要拍出有趣的照片需要光和影。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为生活也是如此。A. true真正的；确实的；B. precius珍贵的；C. fair公平的；D. critical批判的。根据上文“It takes____14____ and shadw t make an interesting phtgraph.”可知，作者认为生活也是如此(有光明的一面，即光，也有黑暗的一面，即影)。故选A。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tw scientists, Germany’s Benjamin List and Sctland-brn David MacMillan, have wn the 2021 Nbel Prize in Chemistry fr ____36____ (develp) a mlecule-building（分子建构）tl that can prduce many imprtant cmpunds in a “greener” way.
The prcess f making mlecules ____37____ (require) the linking f individual atms tgether in specific psitins. This can be very slw and difficult. Fr many years, chemists nly used either cmplex enzymes（酶） ____38____ metal catalysts（催化剂）.
That all changed in 2000, when List and MacMillan ____39____ (independence) reprted that small rganic mlecules can be used t d the same jb.
The prcess has made the prductin f sme drugs much ____40____ (easy). It nted that an ____41____ (estimate) 35 percent f the wrld’s ttal GDP, in sme way invlves chemical catalysis.
Speaking after the ____42____ (annunce), List said the award came as a “huge surprise”. He said at the beginning he did nt knw that MacMillan was wrking n the same subject, and he thught his effrt might turn ut t be, what he called,____43____“stupid idea”.
MacMillan said the start f his catalysis wrk was a pretty simple idea ____44____ really sparked a lt f different research. He added, “The part we’re just s prud f is that yu dn’t have t have huge amunts f equipment and mney _____45_____ (d) fine things in chemistry.”
【答案】36. develping
37. requires
38. r 39. independently
40. easier 41. estimated
42. annuncement
43. a 44. that##which
45. t d
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2021年获得诺贝尔化学奖的两名科学家的研究成就。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：两位科学家，德国的Benjamin List和苏格兰出生的David MacMillan，获得了2021届诺贝尔化学奖，因为他们开发了一种能以“更绿色”的方式生产许多重要化合物的分子建构工具。空处作介词fr的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填develping。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：制造分子的过程需要在特定位置将单个原子连接在一起。句子描述现在的一般性情况，应用一般现在时，主语The prcess f making mlecules是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填requires。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：多年来，化学家只使用复合酶或者金属催化剂。结合语意，空处应填r，构成固定搭配either…r…表示“或者……或者……”。故填r。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：这一切都在2000年发生了变化，当时List和MacMillan独立报告称，小有机分子可以用来做同样的工作。分析句子，空处修饰动词reprted，应用副词形式作状语，independently是副词，表示“独立地”。故填independently。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个过程使一些药物的生产变得容易得多。结合语意，此处表示“更容易”，应用形容词的比较级形式。故填easier。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：报告指出，估计世界GDP总量的35%，在某种程度上涉及化学催化作用。分析句子，空处作非谓语动词，estimate与被修饰词35 percent f the wrld’s ttal GDP之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作定语。故填estimated。
42题详解】
考查名词。句意：List在宣布后表示，该奖项是一个“巨大的惊喜”。空前出现定冠词the，空处应填名词annuncement，表示“宣布”，作介词after的宾语。故填annuncement。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他说，一开始他不知道MacMillan正在研究同一个课题，他以为他的努力可能成为他所谓的“一个愚蠢的想法”。结合语意，此处泛指一个愚蠢的想法，应用不定冠词表示泛指，stupid是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：MacMillan说，他的催化工作的开始是一个非常简单的想法，实际上引发了许多不同的研究。分析句子，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词idea，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用that/which引导从句。故填that/which。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他补充道：“我们引以为豪的部分是，你不必拥有大量的设备和资金就能在化学方面做出出色的成绩。” have sth. t d表示“有某事要去做”，强调说话人要做某事，所以空处应用不定式形式作后置定语。故填t d。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 手机已经成为我们生活中的必需品，现在越来越多的中学生拥有了自己的手机。中学生使用手机有利有弊，请就中学生应不应该带手机进校园谈谈你的看法。
优点：给我们提供了很多方便，同学们可以更好地了解世界，方便与父母朋友的联系。
缺点：容易成为手机控，有部分同学沉迷于网络游戏，严重影响睡眠和学习。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2.可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
Shuld mbile phnes be allwed at schl?
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【答案】Shuld mbile phnes be allwed at schl?
Nwadays mbile phnes are becming mre and mre ppular amng middle schl students. But peple have different pinins abut whether mbile phnes shuld be allwed at schl r nt.
Everything has tw sides and mbile phne is nt an exceptin. Sme students hld the pinin that they shuld take their mbile phnes t schl. First, they can learn abut the wrld and the latest infrmatin in time. In additin, it’s cnvenient fr them t cmmunicate with their parents and friends. Hwever, thers are against using phnes at schl, as they think students get addicted t phnes easily, especially playing n-line games. Spending t much time n phnes has a bad effect n their study, influences their sleep and des harm t their eyesight.
As far as I am cncerned, middle schl students have a weak self-cntrl, mbile phne des mre harm than gd, s it shuldn’t be allwed at schl.
【解析】
【导语】本文是开放性作文。要求考生就中学生应不应该带手机进校园谈谈看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
此外，而且：in additin→additinally/what’s mre/mrever
我看来：as far as I am cncerned→frm my perspective/in my pinin
影响：effect→impact
观点：pinin→view
2.句式拓展：
原句：Spending t much time n phnes has a bad effect n their study, influences their sleep and des harm t their eyesight.
拓展句：If they spend t much time n phnes,this will have a bad effect n their study, influence their sleep and d harm t their eyesight.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Hwever, thers are against using phnes at schl, as they think students get addicted t phnes easily, especially playing n-line games.(运用了as引导原因状语从句。)
【高分句型2】
But peple have different pinins abut whether mbile phnes shuld be allwed at schl r nt.(运用了whether引导宾语从句。)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 根据下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The icy wind hwled acrss the empty street and it was an unusually quiet day in the emergency rm n December 25th. Quiet, that is, except fr the nurses wh were standing arund the nurses’ statin cmplaining abut having t wrk n Christmas Day, fr peple were suppsed t be spending time with their families, exchanging gifts and wishes.
I was guiding nurse that day and had just dne clean-up in the waiting rm. Since there were n patients waiting t be seen at the time, I returned t the nurses’ statin fr a cup f ht cffee that smene had brught in fr Christmas. Just then, a clleague came back and tld me I had five patients waiting t be evaluated.
I was surprised, “Five, hw did I get five; I was just ut there and n ne was in the waiting rm.”
“Well, there are five signed in.”
S I went straight ut and called the first name. Five bdies shwed up at my guiding desk, a pale shrt wman and fur small children in untidy clthing.
“Are yu all sick?” I asked suspiciusly.
“Yes,” she said weakly and lwered her head.
“Okay,” I replied, uncnvinced, “Wh’s first?” One by ne they sat dwn, and I asked the usual beginning questins. When it came t the descriptins f their symptms, things gt a little vague. Tw f the children had headaches, but the headaches weren’t accmpanied by the nrmal bdy language f hlding the head r trying t keep it still. Tw children had earaches, but nly ne culd tell me which ear was affected. The mther cmplained f a cugh, but seemed t wrk t prduce it.
Smething was wrng with the picture. Our hspital plicy, hwever, was nt t turn away any patient, s we wuld see them. When I explained t the mther that it might be a little while befre a dctr saw her because there were several mre critical patients. She respnded, “Take yur time; it’s warm in here and there is a Christmas tree.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then she turned and, with a smile, settled her kids in the waiting rm.
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My clleagues, cmplaining abut wrking Christmas, turned t sympathy fr the hmeless family.
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【答案】Then she turned and, with a smile, settled her kids in the waiting rm. Thugh warm, it was uncmfrtable fr children, wh nestled clsely by the Christmas tree. The yungest kid was staring at gifts n the tree, exclaiming smething t her mther. Unfrtunately, she was met with refusal, which failed her t hld back tears. Guilty and upset, great srrw cluded the mther. The rest frze, with eyes falling n their little sister. Realizing they were hmeless, I went back and tld my clleagues what had happened.
My clleagues, cmplaining abut wrking Christmas, turned t sympathy fr the hmeless family. Sn we were busy preparing presents fr ur unexpected guests, wh just wanted t stay warm n Christmas Day. With gifts in hand, the kids were wild with jy. A flush f happiness filled the waiting rm and we were able t lcate a shelter that wuld take the family in. As they were leaving, the mther hugged each us and whispered, “Yu’re ur angels and it’s yur lve warms us up! As they disappeared int the far distance gradually, a strng sense f satisfactin pured int my mind. While I didn’t celebrate the festival with my lved nes, I extended warmth t the hmeless family. Smetimes, nly a little kindness can light smething shining, making the wrld mre beautiful and harmnius.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者圣诞节在医院值班的时候和同事一起为一家无家可归的孩子送去圣诞礼物，温暖了这个家庭的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后她转过身来，面带微笑，把孩子们安顿在候诊室里。”可知，第一段可描写孩子们在候诊室里等待的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“我的同事们在抱怨圣诞节的工作，转而同情这个无家可归的家庭。”可知，第二段可描写作者和同事们为这些无家可归孩子们准备圣诞礼物的过程。
2.续写线索：把孩子们安顿在候诊室——孩子们感到不舒服——作者意识到了他们无家可归——作者和同事为孩子们准备圣诞礼物——候诊室里充满了幸福的喜悦——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①盯着：stare at/ gaze at
②意识到：Realize /Be aware f
③拥抱：hugged/ embraced
情绪类
①悲伤：srrw / sadness
②快乐：jy /delight/pleasure
【点睛】[高分句型1]Unfrtunately, she was met with refusal, which failed her t hld back tears.（运用了关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]. As they disappeared int the far distance gradually, a strng sense f satisfactin pured int my mind.（运用了连词As引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]While I didn’t celebrate the festival with my lved nes, I extended warmth t the hmeless family.（运用了连词While引导的让步状语从句）