适用于新高考新教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解考点分类练6推理判断题4课件

这是一份适用于新高考新教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解考点分类练6推理判断题4课件，共27页。PPT课件主要包含了Passage 1，Passage 2，Passage 3等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(2023河北邯郸一模)There have been a few times in my life when I felt very lnely.I particularly remember my lneliness when I mved t New Yrk City.I had a cuple f friends in the city;hwever,it was a time in my life when I needed t put frth sme effrt t frm mre meaningful relatinships.But the mre I went ut t parties,the mre discnnected and lnely I felt.Feeling lnely in a rm full f peple,r in my case,a whle city packed with peple everywhere, was the lneliest I have ever felt.
S,rather than trying a new way t make friends,I was mre likely t ignre phne calls frm friends,and I lked at scial invitatins and pprtunities t meet new peple as drudgery.Lking back n this perid f lneliness,I wnder at the way I islated myself instead f reaching ut t thse wh were willing t keep me cmpany and ffer friendship.What I have learned frm my wn experience and the experience f many f my friends is that mre ften than nt,thse wh feel lnely chse islatin.Indeed many f my wn friends describe aviding scial life as a way f dealing with feelings f lneliness.
This behavir is smewhat cmmn,and new research takes a big step twards explaining this behavir.Accrding t leading experts n the lneliness,Stephanie and Jhn Cacipp,there is an evlutinary explanatin fr this tendency t islate when we are feeling lnely.By mnitring lnely peple’s brainwaves,they fund that lnely peple tend t respnd negatively t scial life.“Lneliness causes sme brain-related changes that put us int a scially nervus mde,” Dr.Christian Jarrett explains.
Making urselves aware f this evlutinary natural tendency culd actually be the first step in fighting lneliness.Once we knw that we are mre sensitive t negativity during lnely spells,we can fcus ur energy n resisting the desire t put up walls.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了尽管我们在感到孤独的时候会对社交活动产生抵触,但应该尽量避免这样做。
1.What happened t the authr after she mved t New Yrk City?A.She had n friends lacked cnfidence needed pprtunities fr felt lnely even with peple present.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Feeling lnely in a rm full f peple,r in my case,a whle city packed with peple everywhere,was the lneliest I have ever felt.”可知,作者发现自己跟很多人在一起时仍然感到孤独。故选D项。
2.Hw did the authr try t deal with her situatin?A.By refusing t g ut t meet lking fr slutins n the trying varius methds t make ding sme drudgery t frget her prblem.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段可知,作者选择不外出和别人进行社交活动。
3.What did Stephanie and Jhn Cacipp find in their research?A.Lnely peple tend t disgust scial respnd negatively t lnely can d great harm t peple’s can be caused by a scially nervus mde.
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段第三、四句“By mnitring lnely peple’s brainwaves,they fund that lnely peple tend t respnd negatively t scial life.‘Lneliness causes sme brain-related changes that put us int a scially nervus mde,’ Dr.Christian Jarrett explains.”可知,他们发现感到孤独的人倾向于厌恶社交活动。
4.What des the authr mst prbably want t shw in the text?A.We shuldn’t be influenced by shuldn’t chse islatin when we feel shuld make friends based n scientific shuld spend mre time with friends than relatives.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,当我们感到孤单时,我们也不应该拒绝社交活动。
(2023安徽宣城二模)I knw it may be hard t cnvince yu,but let me try:Dn’t kill the next spider yu see in yur hme.Peple like t think f their dwellings as safely separated frm the utside wrld,but many types f spiders can be fund inside.Sme are accidentally trapped,while thers are shrt-term visitrs.Sme species even enjy the great indrs,where they happily live ut their lives and make mre spiders.These fellws are usually secretive,and almst all yu meet are neither aggressive nr dangerus.And they may be prviding services like eating pests—sme even eat ther spiders.
My clleagues and I cnducted a visual survey f 50 Nrth Carlina hmes.Every single huse we visited was hme t spiders.The mst cmmn species we encuntered were cbweb spiders and cellar spiders.Bth build webs where they lie in wait fr prey(猎物) t get caught.Cellar spiders smetimes leave their webs t hunt ther spiders.Althugh they are all-arund predatrs(捕食性动物),tending t eat anything they can catch,spiders regularly capture harmful pests and even disease-carrying insects—fr example,msquites.There’s even a species f jumping spider that prefers t eat bld-filled msquites in African hmes.S killing a spider desn’t just cst the insect its life;it may take an imprtant predatr ut f yur hme.
It’s natural t fear spiders.They have lts f legs and almst all are venmus—thugh the majrity f species have venm(毒液) t weak t cause issues in humans,if their fangs can pierce ur skin at all.Even entmlgists themselves can fall prey t arachnphbia(蜘蛛恐惧症).I knw a few spider researchers wh vercame their fear by bserving and wrking with these fascinating creatures.If they can d it,s can yu![语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过介绍蜘蛛的生活习性以及给人类生活带来的好处,劝导人们不要杀害蜘蛛。
5.What is a cmmn misunderstanding f spiders accrding t paragraph 2?A.They can be trapped ften attack human are friendly t human live far away frm human beings.
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Peple like t think f their dwellings as safely separated frm the utside wrld,but many types f spiders can be fund inside.”可知,人们觉得自己生活在一个与外界安全隔离的地方,但是蜘蛛却可以在室内被发现,由此可知,人们常见的误解是蜘蛛住得离人类很远。
6.What will happen if yu kill a spider in yur hme?A.Lse a great mre rare ther insects.
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“S killing a spider desn’t just cst the insect its life;it may take an imprtant predatr ut f yur hme.”可知,杀死蜘蛛意味着把重要的捕食者带走,也就是说,你失去了一个了不起的助手。
7.Hw can peple get ver their fear f spiders?A.By discvering their prtecting their getting alng with recgnizing their venm.
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I knw a few spider researchers wh vercame their fear by bserving and wrking with these fascinating creatures. If they can d it,s can yu!”可知,蜘蛛研究员是通过观察和研究起这些小生物来克服对蜘蛛的恐惧的,而且作者认为他们能做到的,你也可以做到,由此可知,人们可以通过与蜘蛛相处来克服对蜘蛛的恐惧。
8.What des the text suggest peple d abut spiders?A.Spare spiders.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段以及下文对蜘蛛生活习性和对人类的好处的介绍可知,作者是要通过介绍蜘蛛对人类的好处而尽力地劝说人们不要伤害蜘蛛,所以本文建议人们要放过蜘蛛。
(2023河北张家口一模)A simple search f Psychlgy Tday shws dzens f psts abut New Year’s reslutins.Sme f them will tell yu that reslutins dn’t wrk and lay ut a number f reasns.The rest will give yu useful advice n hw t try t make them wrk,while admitting that it will be hard.The psychlgy behind this pessimistic view is nt difficult t understand. New Year’s reslutins are essential gals.But,as hundreds f publicatins in mtivatin psychlgy shw,gals d nt wrk very well.Indeed,many,if nt mst,gals are never actually put int practice.
And why shuld they be s?Gals cme frm the mre ratinal(理性的)part f yur brain.Say yu want t lse a few punds r be nicer t peple. Yu are nt struggling t see why yu want t change.The prblem lies in the mre impulsive(易冲动的)part f yur brain,which sustains yur habits and takes ver mst f yur day-t-day actins.Yur brain is very gd at autmatizing behavir,freeing resurces fr ther things.But,when thse autmatic behavirs cnflict with yur lng-term gals,yu struggle.
When yu state a New Year’s reslutin,r any lng-term gal,yu are talking t the wrng part f yur brain and using the wrng language.“I want t lse weight” and “I want t be nicer t ther peple” are nt written in terms f yur habits.Yu will state thse gals,and ne day later yu will reach fr that dessert and shut at yur friends.
Shuld yu just abandn New Year’s reslutins?Of curse nt.Yu just need t be smarter abut it.First,let’s brrw a page frm management.Peple in that field have lng knwn that,t be f any use,gals need t be established in a specific way,which fllws the have t be Specific,Measurable,Achievable,Relevant,and Time-related.Besides,being aware f yur gals is the beginning f change,and any pprtunity that mtivates yu t make them clearer is a chance,whether it is the New Year r the first day f the rest f yur life.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么新年决心不起作用,以及如何更好地制定新年目标。
9.What des the search f Psychlgy Tday shw?A.Mre peple prefer t make New Year’s are varius reasns fr failing t realize ’s getting mre difficult fr peple t carry ut tend t be negative abut New Year’s reslutins.
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段可知,《今日心理学》的调查显示了人们往往对新年计划持消极态度。
10.What determines ur habits accrding t the text?A.Our lng-term ratinal impulsive resurce distributin.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The prblem lies in the mre impulsive part f yur brain,which sustains yur habits and takes ver mst f yur day-t-day actins.”可知,我们冲动的想法决定了我们的习惯。
11.What’s the authr’s attitude t making New Year’s reslutins?A.Unclear.　D.Pessimistic.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Shuld yu just abandn New Year’s reslutins?Of curse nt.Yu just need t be smarter abut it.”可推知,作者对制定新年计划的态度是支持的。
12.Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?A.The Psychlgy Behind New Year’s ReslutinsB.Hw t Make Yur New Year’s Reslutins WrkC.Hw D New Year’s Reslutins Influence Our LifeD.The Significance f Making New Year’s Reslutins
解析 主旨大意题。根据第二段可知,本文分析了新年决心背后的心理是怎样的,下文解释了为什么会这样,以及最后给出了解决方法,所以A项“The Psychlgy Behind New Year’s Reslutins”是本文最好的标题。
词汇积累:1.(Passage 1)put frth发挥(力量、精力等)2.(Passage 1)lk back n回顾3.(Passage 1)keep sb.cmpany陪伴某人4.(Passage 1)mre ften than nt通常,多半5.(Passage 1)tendency n.趋势,趋向6.(Passage 1)be sensitive t对……敏感7.(Passage 1)resist vt.抵制
8.(Passage 2)cnvince v.使信服9.(Passage 2)accidentally adv.意外地,偶然地10.(Passage 2)aggressive adj.好斗的,挑衅的11.(Passage 3)lay ut摆出,展开12.(Passage 3)take ver接管13.(Passage 3)essentially adv.本质上