2022届高三一模测验卷 英语 B卷 学生版

这是一份2022届高三一模测验卷 英语 B卷 学生版，共8页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5个小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the wman d?
A. Get the man’s salad.
B. Check the rder again.
C. Find a table fr the man.
2. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In an ffice.B. In a restaurant.C. In a clthing stre.
3. When did the man get his niece’s call?
A. At 6:20.B. At 6:00.C. At 5:30.
4. What is the wman advised t d with her hair?
A. Cut it shrter.B. Change its clr.C. Make it straight.
5. What traditinal Chinese painting is Susan mst interested in?
A. Figures.B. Landscape painting.C. Birds and flwers.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What des Rbert think f electric cats?
A. They’re highly ecnmical.
B. They’re envirnmentally friendly.
C. They’re quite expensive.
7. What attracts Rbert mst abut the latest Tesla?
A. The speed.B. The price.C. The design.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What kind f bk des the man want?
A. A bigraphy.B. An adventure stry.C. A fantasy bk.
9. Why des the wman buy bks tday?
A. T cmplete her paper.
B. T prepare a birthday gift.
C. T kill time at the weekend.
10. Which series f bks will the wman take?
A. Harry Ptter.B. The Lrd f the Rings.C. The Hunger Games.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11 What des the wman care mst abut the summer day camp?
A. Its histry.B. Its reputatin.C. Its lcatin.
12. What can campers benefit frm taking part in the camp?
A. Imprving their grades.
B. Learning types f skills.
C. Develping special interests.
13. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Neighbrs.B. Teacher and parent.C. Husband and wife.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. Hw did the man meet the tiger?
A. They met at the z.
B. A friend intrduced it t him.
C. He was asked t take care f it.
15. What is the feature f the tiger?
A. It weighs 180 kilgrams.
B. It stands 2 meters tall.
C. It is 4 meters lng.
16. Hw much meat des the tiger eat every day?
A. Abut 6 kilgrams.B. Abut 12 kilgrams.C. Abut 18 kilgrams.
17. What is the wman?
A. A hstess.B. A jurnalist.C. A zkeeper.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. When did Zhang Hng g back t the base camp?
A. On May 21.B. On May 24.C. On May 27.
19. Why is Erik Weihenmayer mentined?
A. He was an inspiratin t Zhang Hng.
B. He was Zhang Hng’s guide.
C. He spnsred Zhang Hng.
20. What des the speaker mainly talk abut?
A. Careful preparatin fr climbing is essential.
B. A blind Chinese man climbed Munt Qmlangma.
C. Climbing can help the disabled have a strng mind.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Frm science and nature t art and baking, there are many activities t ccupy children in the upcming weeks in spring.
FREE SPRING BREAK ACTIVITY
615-416-2001
Ages 3-17. Cuntry Music Hall f Fame and Museum, 222 Fifth Ave. S, Nashville. March 6-April 5,daily 9am-5pm. Free fr children in Davidsn and ther places. But adult admissin is $25.95. children can pick up sme suvenirs while explring the museum’s exhibits and new artifacts.
SPRING BREAK HOUSE CAMP
615-556-7370
Ages 5-17. Harris Riding Academy, 6331W. Franklin Rad, Murfreesbr. Mnday thrugh Friday 9am-3pm. Admissin: $50 single half day, $80 single full day, $250 half-day week, $375 full-day week. Meet the herd f hrses and ride, study different tpics abut hrses, make hrse crafts, participate in feeding hrses and s n.
KIDS BAKING CAMP
615-956-6077
Ages 6-15. The Curius Kitchen, 1602 Nrthfirld Blvd, Murfreebr. Tday thrugh Friday 10am.-1pm. Admissin: $250. Learn t develp knife skills and read recipes, and mre while making gdies like pies, ckies, cupcakes, chclate cakes, candies and mre.
ASC MAKER CAMP
615-862-5160
Ages 12-18. Adventure Science center, 800 Frt Negley Blvd, Nashville. 9am-3pm. $550 nn-members. In the “Innvatin and Imagine” maker-space, participants will explre the “innvatin, imaginatin and manufacture” prcess by designing and making a suit f cardbard armr (盔甲) t create a fictinal wrld. The camp runs this Mnday thrugh Friday.
21. Hw much will the twin brthers pay fr SPRING BREAK HOUSE CAMP fr a half day?
A. $100B. $160
C. $250D. $375
22. What can we learn abut the ASC MAKER CAMP?
A. It is dangerus fr little children.
B. Children will travel in a fictinal wrld.
C. It helps stimulate children’s imaginatin.
D. Members are treated better than nn-members.
23. Where will children prbably g in rder t enjy cking in the kitchen?
A. 222 Fifth AveB. 6331 Franklin Rad
C. 800 Frt Negley BlvdD. 1602 Nrthfirld Blvd
B
I've been taking time this week t smell the rses. Literally, I bend ver in my neighbrs’ frnt yard, check that nbdy is watching, and then bury my head in the flwers.
I've als been walking int bakeries and walking arund withut buying anything. After having surgery n my brken nse 18 mnths ag, I haven't been able t smell r taste things. This week, hwever, my nse is back in business. I've been verwhelmed by smells, and it's given me a new way f thinking. Scent is just ne f the little bits and pieces that make life enjyable, but which we ften ignre. I remember nce, when my sn was five mnths ld, I was carrying him dwn the street. Wind swept thrugh and almst tipped us ver. He threw his little head back and giggled. He'd never felt the wind n his face. When is the last time I laughed at the weather?
The first time I ate bacn, I rushed hme t my parents, determined that we ate this deliciusness at every meal. My father smiled and agreed. D yu recall when yu learned that the vice actrs f Mickey and Minnie Muse were married in real life? D yu enjy sleeping in new clean bedsheets? Is there smene n the radi whse vice is as smth as velvet?
We dn't write pstcards abut the small things. We dn't frame them in pht-graphs. They aren't that great r grand, but withut them, life is altgether t lud. These quiet experiences give us a chance t enjy the simple fact f being alive. As my sense f smell returns t me, it's like I'm smelling things fr the first time. They're full f memries and magic. Fd tastes better, and the air is indeed sweet. I knw what the pets mean nw. It almst makes my brken nse wrthwhile. Nw, I am waiting fr this bandage t cme ff. There's an itch I can’t reach!
24. The writer in the passage mainly tries t _______.
A. discuss hw t enjy leisure timeB. shw that she lves ding secret things
C. give examples f hw she kills timeD. persuade readers t enjy small things in life
25. Accrding t the writer, “a new way f thinking” in the secnd paragraph means _______.
A. the ability t discver the jy f small thingsB. the habit f vercming ignrance
C. the ability t fully use ur limited attentinD. the habit f making persnal reflectins
26. The writer recalls that _______.
A. her father enjyed sleeping in new clean bedsheets.
B. her sn was frightened when feeling the wind n his face.
C. she culdn't resist temptatin when eating bacn fr the first time.
D. she always ignred the great things in life.
27. One small thing mentined in the last paragraph is _______.
A. a jyful memryB. a quiet experience
C. the sense f smellD. the simple fact f being alive
C
When ur ancestrs were peasants in the earliest days f agriculture, the daily schedule was: wrk in field all day, eat midday meal in field, cntinue wrking in field. Tday, after centuries f human advancement, it ges smething like: wrk in cffee shp all day, buy and eat lunch there, cntinue tiling away n laptp until the sun sets. Thugh it may seem like the tech bm and gig ecnmy (临时工经济) led the way in this mdern mbile wrk style, wrking and dining have always been intertwined. In majr cities like New Yrk, Washingtn D.C., Sydney and Hng Kng, restaurants are changing int fficial c-wrking spaces during ff-peak hurs.
Dr. Megan Elias, directr f the gastrnmy prgram at Bstn University, says fd and business have been linked since as far back as the ancient Sumer (wh established civilizatin as we knw it arund 4000 B.C.) “What we think f as street fd has always been part f human civilizatin,” she says. “There have always been marketplaces where humans came tgether t cnduct sme kind f business — like trading grain, trading animals r building huses. As lng as there have been marketplaces, peple have been eating at them while als ding business.”
The first example f a brick-and-mrtar “restaurant” came during the merchant ecnmy in the 15th and 16th centuries, accrding t Elias. During this stage in Eurpean, African, and East and Suth Asian histry, inns allwed merchant businessmen t rest — and f curse, eat — thrughut their travels. During the clnial era f the 1600s and 1700s, cncrete examples f American restaurants emerged as “Cffee Huses”. Cffee Huses were places that had newspapers, which at the time were very small and cmmercial," authr and scial histrian Jan Whitaker explains.
Cffee huses remained tradesman staples thrughut the early 19th century, with simple menu items like rlls and meat pies. Mre “grand meals,” as Elias calls them, were still taking place within hmes fr nn-traveling flk. But, when the U.S. began industrializing in the 1840s and peple stayed near wrkplaces during the day, eating establishments ppped up arund factries.
“Industrializatin f the city is als restaurantizatin f the city,” Elias says. “Places sprung up t serve a business lunch crwd and an after-wrk dining crwd again, still ding business.”
28. Hw des the authr mentined ur ancestrs in paragraph1?
A. T make cmparisnsB. T present figures.
C. T raise questinsD. T give examples
29. When did restaurants begin t prvide nt nly eating but sheltering?
A. arund 4000 B.C.B. in the 15th and 16th centuries.
C. during the 1600s and 1700s.D. In the early 19th century.
30. What can we learn abut Cffee huses?
A. Newspapers were prduced there first.
B. The fd served there was limited at first.
C. They were especially ppular arund factries.
D. It was a perfect place fr entertainment and eating.
31. What can be best title f the text?
A. the functin f eating ut.B. The slw frmatin f the mdern city.
C. the evlutin f the restaurant.D. The age f mre wrk, less eating.
D
We talk cntinuusly abut hw t make children tugher and strnger, but whatever we’re ding, it’s nt wrking. Rates f anxiety disrders and depressin are rising rapidly amng teenagers. What are we ding wrng?
Nassim Taleb invented the wrd “antifragile” and used it t describe a small but very imprtant class f systems that gain frm shcks, challenges, and disrder. The immune (免疫的) system is ne f them: it requires expsure t certain kinds f bacteria and ptential allergens (过敏原) in childhd in rder t develp t its full ability.
Children’s scial and emtinal abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems. If we verprtect kids and keep them “safe” frm unpleasant scial situatins and negative emtins, we deprive (剥夺) them f the challenges and pprtunities fr skill-building they need t grw strng. Such children are likely t suffer mre when expsed later t ther unpleasant but rdinary life events, such as teasing and scial rejectin.
It’s nt the kids’ fault. In the UK, as in the US, parents became much mre fearful in the 1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet expsed everyne, mre and mre, t thse rare ccurrences f crimes and accidents that nw ccur less and less. Outdr play and independent mbility went dwn; screen time and adult-mnitred activities went up.
Yet free play in which kids wrk ut their wn rules f engagement, take small risks, and learn t master small dangers turns ut t be vital fr the develpment f adult scial and even physical cmpetence. Depriving them f free play prevents their scial-emtinal grwth. Nrwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter and Leif Kennair warned:“We may bserve an increased anxiety r mental disrders in sciety if children are frbidden frm participating in age-adequate risky play.”
They wrte thse wrds in 2011. Over the fllwing few years, their predictin came true. Kids brn after 1994 are suffering frm much higher rates f anxiety disrders and depressin than did the previus generatin. Besides, there is als a rise in the rate at which teenage girls are admitted t hspital fr deliberately harming themselves.
What can we d t change these trends? Hw can we raise kids strng enugh t handle the rdinary and extrardinary challenges f life? We can’t guarantee that giving primary schl children mre independence tday will bring dwn the rate f teenage suicide tmrrw. The links between childhd verprtectin and teenage mental illness are suggestive but nt clear-cut. Yet there are gd reasns t suspect that by depriving ur naturally antifragile kids f the wide range f experiences they need t becme strng, we are systematically preventing their grwth. We shuld let g—and let them grw.
32. Why des the authr mentin the immune system in Paragraph 2?
A. T stress its imprtance.B. T help understand a new wrd.
C. T questin the latest discvery.D. T analyze the cause f anxiety.
33. Parents verprtect children because ______.
A. children are nt independent enugh
B. they want t keep children frm being teased
C. parent-mnitred activities are a must
D. they are cncerned abut their children’s safety
34. Accrding t the authr, free play can ______.
A. reduce children’s risky behavirB. strengthen children’s friendship
C. prmte children’s tughness D. develp children’s leadership skills
35. Which f the fllwing des the authr prbably agree with?
A. Stp trying t perfect yur child.
B. It takes great curage t raise children.
C. While we try t teach ur children all abut life, ur children teach us what life is all abut.
D. Prepare the child fr the rad, nt the rad fr the child.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Scientists have implanted memries int the brins f birds, helping yung zebra finches t learn a sng nrmally taught t them by their fathers. 36 Like humans, zebra finches learn hw t vcalize by imitating their parents. By listening t them sing, yung birds memrize the ntes.
“ 37 ” Tdd Rberts, frm the University f Texas Suthwestern Medical Center, tld Newsweek. “In fact, there are amazing similarities between sngbirds learning their sng and the early stages f speech learning.”
Rberts, tgether with clleagues, used “ptgenetic manipulatin”— where light is used t mnitr and cntrl brain activity—t guide the learning f sngs. 38 In this way, memries f syllables f a sng were created—the length f a nte agrees with the length f light expsure.
As a result, they guided the learning f the zebra finch with these implanted memries. Their findings are published in the jurnal Science.
“We learn many behavirs during develpment by cpying the behavir f ur parents, lder siblings r teachers. 39 But ur research in yung sngbirds shws that select synapses cnnecting sensry and mtr circuits play a pwerful rle in laying dwn these types f memries and that activatin f these cnnectins in the brain can help frm memries that can guide learning. We were very surprised by the utcme f ur experiments,” Rberts said.
Rberts said it is unlikely that a similar apprach culd be used in humans t implant memries.
40 Hwever, he did say that understanding these pathways culd help us understand cnditins where develpmental disrders cause speech prblems.
A. They are active thrughut the day.
B. Sngbirds prvide an excellent mdel.
C. Such experiments wuld give rise t debate.
D. The brain activities invlved in this are still prly understd.
E. They cntrlled the interactins between tw regins f the brain
F. It may nt be t many years befre the measurements f brain activity.
G. The breakthrugh has given an insight int the develpment f vcal learning.
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
Renee Dixsn is the directr at a preschl in Indiana. She has always taken her rle in her students’ lives very 41 . Because f the nvel crnavirus pandemic(流行), many f her kids' lives have changed 42 . Renee said sme f their parents are nw 43 fdbanks t feed their families, which 44 any extra mney they have will g t 45 , nt t Christmas gifts. That's why Renee has 46 it upn herself t make these little nes smile!
In additin t her day jb at the preschl, Renee has started driving fr Uber t 47 sme extra mney. But she wn't be keeping it fr herself. 48 , she’ll buy presents fr all 50 f her students.
Thankfully, she isn't ding this 49 ! Several peple in her cmmunity have 50 up and dnated t her 51 . Between their help and her Uber 52 , she has been able t make massive(大量的) trips t Target t 53 up n tys. In fact, her ffice is quickly filling up with 54 fr her students!
“I knw hw it feels t be 55 as a child because yur parent desn't have anything,” she said. She feels that 56 she didn't d this fr them, she wuld be letting them dwn. With r withut presents, it's 57 that she culd never disappint them because she clearly ges abve and 58 fr them!
“Everyne always tld me I have a big heart,” she 59 . “I said, ‘N, I lve children.’”
It's safe t say bth are 60 fr this selfless individual! Thank yu, Renee, fr making sure everyne has a wnderful time this hliday seasn!
41. A. actuallyB. gentlyC. exactlyD. seriusly
42. A. frequentlyB. dramaticallyC. cnverselyD. slwly
43. A. relying nB. fcusing nC. lking frward tD. getting used t
44. A. decidesB. reflectsC. meansD. frces
45. A. extremesB. supermarketsC. cmmunitiesD. essentials
46. A. takenB. madeC. carriedD. fllwed
47. A. saveB. earnC. dnateD. raise
48. A. TherefreB. InsteadC. BesidesD. Thus
49. A. lnelyB. singleC. alneD. enugh
50. A. steppedB. rseC. stppedD. gt
51. A. causeB. eventC. familyD. festival
52. A. experienceB. wrkC. custmerD. incme
53. A. pickB. takeC. stckD. use
54. A. bksB. pensC. snacksD. presents
55. A. happyB. dwnC. thrilledD. frightened
56. A. thughB. becauseC. ifD. while
57. A. curiusB. seriusC. anxiusD. bvius
58. A. beyndB. underC. withutD. behind
59. A. explainedB. admittedC. addedD. claimed
60. A. freeB. trueC. ptimisticD. hpeful
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）
第三部分 英语知识运用
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Smetimes in life, yu need t act quickly. Thinking t much abut a prblem 61 (be)nt always beneficial. It can hld us back. But many things in life require careful thught and preparatin. “An unce f preventin is wrth a pund f cure,” is 62 great expressin fr that kind f behavir. This saying cmes t us 63 Benjamin Franklin, wh was ne f the 64 (fund) f the United States. The wrd “unce” means smething really small, just tw-ne-hundredths f a kilgram 65 (exact). S, when yu deal with a prblem, spending a small amunt f time and effrt early n can save yu mre truble in the end. Fr example, if a cuntry annunces strng measures fr 66 (cntain)a virus, we culd say, “An unce f preventin is wrth a pund f cure.” It is better 67 (take) severe precautins（预防）than t suffer severe cnsequences later.
Franklin was nt talking abut disease. 68 rather fire preventin. During a visit t Bstn in 1733, Franklin 69 (impress) with the city’s fire preventin methds. He tried t bring sme f thse practices t the city f Philadelphia, 70 he lived. Frm then n, this expressin can be used in many serius situatins.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Tday, at the lcal cnvenience stre that I wrk, an elderly man with a guide dg cme in. He went t the shelf where there were all kinds f greeting card. He picked up a card, held it up extreme clse t his eyes, but struggled t read it. Just as I was abut walk ver t help him, I fund the little girl, wh was abut ten years ld, asking him if he needed help. Befre hear his answer, she started t read him almst every single greeting card ut lud until the elderly man was smiled. He said, “That’s perfect! His wife will lve this ne!”
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，你校打算成立Fans英语俱乐部，想邀请外教Smith参加，请你给Smith写封邀请函，内容包括：
1. 成立俱乐部的目的；
2. 活动时间、地点及安排；
3. 邀请加入。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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