专题20.Unit2写作与阅读--2024年暑假英语初升高衔接之专题突破（牛津译林版）

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建议信
1．建议信是向收信人对某事提出写信人的建议或忠告，可以是写给个人的也可以是写给单位或机构的。
2．建议信要写出提建议的理由、建议的内容以及如果被采纳可能会出现的积极结果。建议信的写作要简明扼要，目的明确，具有合理性和说服力。
3．建议信的写作步骤：
首段：表明写作意图，陈述事由。
主体段落：应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后再写需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体建议或忠告。
结尾段：对提出的建议进行总结，展望建议被采纳后的良好结果并表达希望。
常用表达：
1．I’m srry t hear that yu are ging thrugh...
2．It is natural that many teenagers...
3．Firstly，yu’d better cmmunicate with ther students mre ften.
4．Secndly，jin in activities and discussins held in yur class.
5．Lastly，it’s a gd idea fr yu t d...
6．I hpe the advice will be f great help t yu.
7．I’m sure that yu will cheer up and slve the prblem...
写作模板
假如你是李华，你的好朋友Mary因搬家换了一所新学校，因不知如何结交新朋友而感到苦恼。请你根据下面的提示写一封建议信。
1．表示理解与同情；
2．提出建议；
3．表达祝愿。
注意：1.开头和结尾已给出；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步 审题谋篇
[审题]
写作要求是写一封建议信，写作时应注意下面几点：
1．确定文体：这是一封建议信。写作时应注意建议信的写作特点。
2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。
3．主体人称：由于是写一封建议信，所以人称应该以第二人称和第三人称为主。
[谋篇]
第一段：开门见山，引入主题。
第二段：具体提出建议。
第三段：进行总结，表示祝愿。
第二步 遣词造句
[核心词汇]
1．做某事有困难 have difficulty/truble (in) ding sth.
2．没有必要做某事 There is n need t d sth.
3．和……交流 cmmunicate with
4．接受某人的建议take sb.’s advice
[连词成句]
1．没有必要担心结交新朋友。
There is n need t be anxius abut making new friends.
2．许多青少年发现他们在新的环境中遇到同样的情况。
Many teenagers find they meet the same situatin when in a new envirnment.
3．你最好接受我的建议。
Yu’d better take my advice.
4．这个问题很容易解决。
The prblem is easy t slve.
第三步 句式升级
1．用原因状语从句合并句1、2
There is n need t be anxius abut making new friends，because many teenagers find they meet the same situatin when in a new envirnment.
2．用条件状语从句合并句3、4
The prblem is easy t slve，if yu take my advice.
第四步 组句成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。
【答案】
Dear Mary，
I’m srry t hear that yu are having truble making new friends in yur new schl.There is n need t be anxius abut making new friends，because many teenagers find they meet the same situatin when in a new envirnment.The prblem is easy t slve，if yu take my advice.
First f all，cmmunicate with yur classmates mre ften.As it may help yu develp a clse relatinship with them.Besides，why nt jin in activities and dicussins held in yur class？If yu d this，yu can make friends easily.Last but nt least，it is a gd idea t help thers whenever pssible.
Hpe my advice will be f great help t yu.
Yurs，
Li Hua
阅读天天练
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Sunrise Hike
Saturday，Octber 21,6∶45 am－7∶45 am
Enjy sunrise frm the hilltp as yu learn abut wildlife，plants，histry and frest.Ages 8 and up；under 18 with an adult.T register(报名)by phne，call 630-933-7248.
Meet in the parking lt n the west side f Greene Rad suth f 79th Street.Dress fr the weather，wear cmfrtable shes and bring water.
Trick Or Treat
Saturday，Octber 28,9∶00 am－11∶30 am
Yu and yur family are invited t jin the YMCA fr a Hallween hike up Badger Muntain！Make sure t wear yur Hallween cstumes(戏装)!
Free shirts fr the first 200 kids registered.Remember t take away yur shirt by 11∶30 am r it will be given away.
Cst：Trick Or Treat is a FREE event.
Discvery Hike
Thursday，Octber 26,1∶00 pm－4∶00 pm; Ages 3－8
Fall is pumpkin time.Listen t a pumpkin stry and learn hw pumpkins grw.Then we will head ut n the path in search f a little pumpkin just fr yu and maybe，we will find the great pumpkin alng the way.Cst：$7 per child.
Harvest Day Camp
Mnday，Octber 31,8∶00 am－5∶00 pm
Harvest Camp is an pprtunity fr children aged 5－13 t find the wnder f autumn at Keystne Science Schl and enjy all the fun the Hallween seasn ffers.We’ll explre the ways ur natural envirnment has changed frm summer t fall.As always，ur prgramming is fcused n building skills，knwledge and cnfidence.Cst：$0.00.
eq \x(语篇解读 这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了在秋季，为孩子们准备的一些有趣的活动。)
1．What d these activities have in cmmn?
A．They are designed nly fr children.
B．They are held in a muntain.
C．They are t celebrate Hallween.
D．They all take place in autumn.
D 【解析】细节理解题。由“Saturday，Octber 21；Saturday，Octber 28；Thursday，Octber 26；Mnday，Octber 31”可知，这些活动有一个共同点，就是都在秋天举行，故选D。
2．In which activity might children get free clthes?
A．Sunrise Hike.
B．Discvery Hike.
C．Harvest Day Camp.
D．Trick Or Treat.
D【解析】细节理解题。由Trick Or Treat中的“Free shirts fr the first 200 kids registered.”可知，在Trick Or Treat活动中，孩子们可能会获得免费的衣服，故选D。
3．What can children d n the last day f Octber?
A．Listen t a pumpkin stry.
B．Hike with their parents.
C．Enjy the beauty f autumn.
D．Learn abut wildlife and frest.
C【解析】细节理解题。由文章最后的“Mnday，Octber 31”和“We’ll explre the ways ur natural envirnment has changed frm summer t fall.”可知，我们将探索自然环境从夏季到秋季的变化。由此可知，在10月的最后一天，孩子们可以欣赏秋天的美丽，故选C。
B
Have yu ever thught f taking a train and having an adventure？Riding the train can be a real adventure.That is hw I feel every time I take Amtrak.I ften take a fur-hur trip t visit my children.Every time I take this trip I never knw what will happen.
Last week when I was n the train and ver an hur int the train ride，there was a man sitting by himself in the back f the train carrying n a mbile phne cnversatin—in anther language.It was lud and disturbed mst f the peple n the train.I think it was annying.
Frtunately，I sat next t a wnderful ld lady wh was taking a tw-day trip by train.She said her tw daughters were distraught at the thught f her driving fr three days t reach her hme，althugh she had n truble driving.The train ride was the nly chice fr her.She lved t lk ut f the windw and watch the wrld g by n the train.
She was fun t talk t and asked me when my children started being parents.That is a very gd questin.Bth f us are ld and have children.She asked that same questin frm time t time.
There are always many peple n the train frm all walks f life，different cuntries，and many languages.Riding the train is a great way t increase yur knwledge and take in all kinds f cultures.If yu get hungry，yu can buy fd in the fd car at any time.If yu need t use the restrm there is always ne available.
It sure beats driving the car，which has t stp fr fd and restrms.And it is better than taking the bus.
eq \x(语篇解读 作者在本文中介绍了乘坐火车时的经历，认为乘坐火车是一次很好的文化体验。)
4．Accrding t the passage，the purpse f the authr’s train ride was .
A．t d business
B．t see her children
C．t visit places f interest
D．t see her ld friends
B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“I ften take a fur-hur trip t visit my children.”可知，作者坐火车去看望孩子们。故选B。
5．Which f the fllwing is the clsest in meaning t the underlined wrd “distraught” in Paragraph 3?
A．Disappinted. B．Satisfied.
C．Wrried. D．Pleased.
C【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，此处句意为：虽然老太太开车没有问题，但是两个女儿一想到她要开车三天才到家，就会感到 。根据常识可知，此处意为“担心”。故选C。
6．Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut the ld lady sitting next t the authr?
A．She is t ld t drive nw.
B．She des nt like t take trains.
C．Althugh she is ld，she has a gd memry.
D．Her daughters live far away frm her hme.
D【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“at the thught f her driving fr three days t reach her hme”可推知，女儿们住得很远。故选D。
7．What is the best title fr this passage?
A．Train Ride—A Cultural Experience
B．A Painful Experience n the Train
C．The Histry f Amtrak
D．A Wnderful Lady
A【解析】标题归纳题。根据全文的介绍以及倒数第二段第二句“Riding the train is a great way t increase yur knwledge and take in all kinds f cultures.”可知，本题答案为A。
C
Yur huse may have an effect n yur figure.Experts say the way yu design yur hme culd play a rle in whether yu pack n the punds r keep them ff.Yu can make yur envirnment wrk fr yu instead f against yu.Here are sme ways t turn yur hme int part f yur diet plan.
Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark envirnments are mre likely t encurage vereating，fr peple are ften less self-cnscius(难为情) when they’re in prly lit places—and s mre likely t eat lts f fd.If yur hme desn’t have enugh windw light，get mre lamps and fld the place with brightness.
Mind the clrs.Research suggests warm clrs fuel ur appetites.In ne study，peple wh ate meals in a blue rm cnsumed 33 percent less than thse in a yellw r red rm.Warm clrs like yellw make fd appear mre appetizing，while cld clrs make us feel less hungry.S when it’s time t repaint，g blue.
Dn’t frget the clck—r the radi.Peple wh eat slwly tend t cnsume abut 70 fewer calries(卡路里) per meal than thse wh rush thrugh their meals.Begin keeping track f the time，and try t make dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while yu’re at it，actually sit dwn t eat.If yu need sme help slwing dwn，turn n relaxing music.It makes yu less likely t rush thrugh a meal.
Dwnsize the dishes.Big serving bwls and plates can easily make us fat.We eat abut 22 percent mre when using a 12-inch plate instead f a 10-inch plate.When we chse a large spn ver a smaller ne，ttal intake(摄入) jumps by 14 percent.And we’ll pur abut 30 percent mre liquid int a shrt，wide glass than a tall，skinny glass.
8．The text is especially helpful fr thse wh care abut .
A．their hme cmfrts B．their bdy shape
C．huse buying D．healthy diets
B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章首句“Yur huse may have an effect n yur figure.”以及下面几个段落中提到的建议可知，本文是关于如何不变胖的，所以那些“关心自己体形的人”会觉得本文特别有帮助，故选B项。
9．A hme envirnment in blue can help peple .
A．digest fd better B．reduce fd intake
C．burn mre calries D．regain their appetites
B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ wh ate meals in a blue rm cnsumed 33 percent less than thse in a yellw r red rm.”可知，人们在蓝色的房间里吃饭，要比在黄色或者红色的房间里少吃33%的食物，故B项“减少食物摄入量”正确。
10．What are peple advised t d at mealtimes?
A．Eat quickly. B．Play fast music.
C．Use smaller spns. D．Turn dwn the lights.
C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“When we chse a large spn ver a smaller ne，ttal intake(摄入) jumps by 14 percent.”可知，应使用较小的汤匙，故C项正确。
11．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Is Yur Huse Making Yu Fat?
B．Ways f Serving Dinner
C．Effects f Self-Cnsciusness
D．Is Yur Hme Envirnment Relaxing?
A【解析】标题归纳题。短文首句即为主题句：房子可能影响住户的身材。接下来介绍了墙壁的颜色、房间的亮度、吃饭的速度以及吃饭时使用的器皿大小等都与一个人的身材有关。因此A项“你的房子正在让你发胖吗？”最适合作文章的标题。
第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everybdy gets angry，but ut-f-cntrl anger isn’t gd fr yu r thse arund yu.S here are five simple strategies t help yu learn hw t manage yur anger：
•Relax.Breathe deeply，frm yur stmach. 1 Repeat it t yurself and visualize a relaxing time and experience.
•Change the way yu think.When yu’re angry，yur thinking can get exaggerated(夸大的)． 2 Fr instance，instead f telling yurself，“Oh，it’s terrible！Everything’s ruined，” tell yurself，“It’s understandable that I’m upset abut it，but it’s nt the end f the wrld.”
• 3 Statements like “This never wrks.” r “Yu’re always frgetting things.” will make yu feel yur anger is justified(合乎情理的) and there’s n way t slve the prblem.They might upset peple wh might be willing t wrk with yu n a slutin.
•Have a better cmmunicatin.Angry peple tend t jump t cnclusins.If yu are in a heated discussin，slw dwn. 4 And take yur time befre answering.Instead f saying the first thing that cmes int yur head，think carefully abut what yu want t say.
•Use humr.Psychlgists say that highly angry peple tend t think “things ught t g my way！” “Silly humr” can help yu get a mre balanced perspective.S，when yu feel that anger cming the next time，picture yurself as a king r queen，walking arund，admired by everybdy，and getting yur wn way in every situatin.The mre detail yu can get int yur imaginary scenes，the mre likely it is t put a smile n yur face. 5
A．Be careful with wrds like “never” r “always”．
B．Listen carefully t what the ther persn is saying.
C．Try replacing these thughts with mre reasnable nes.
D．Avid using these strategies when yu’re in a tense situatin.
E．Then slwly repeat a calm wrd r phrase such as “take it easy”．
F．Try changing the tpics s yur talks wn’t turn int arguments.
G．That will help yu realize that the things yu’re angry abut are really nt very imprtant.
eq \x(语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章就如何管理自己的愤怒给出了五条建议。)
1．E 【解析】 E项(然后慢慢地重复一个词或一句话，例如“放轻松”。)和下文“Repeat it t yurself and visualize a relaxing time and experience.”承接自然，该句的“it”指代E项中的“a calm wrd r phrase”，且两句中的repeat属于原词复现。故选E项。
2.C 【解析】C下文的“举个例子来说，不要告诉你自己‘太糟糕了！一切都毁了！’，而要说‘我对它感到失落是可以理解的，但这绝对不是世界末日。’”可知，C项(尝试用更合理的想法代替被夸大的想法)承接自然，故选C项。
3．A 【解析】A项(小心使用“从不”或“总是”这样的词)和下文“像‘这是没用的’或者‘你总是忘记事情’的说法会让你觉得你的愤怒是合乎情理的并且没有办法解决这个问题”承接自然，该句是对答案的进一步说明。故选A项。
4．B 【解析】B项(仔细听别人说了什么)和下文“在回答之前慢慢来”承接自然。先仔细听，然后再回答，符合事情的发展逻辑和语境。故选B项。
5．G【解析】上文“你放入想象场景里的细节越多，你就越有可能面带微笑”和G项(这会帮你意识到你所生气的事其实并没有那么重要)承接自然，符合语境，G项中的that指代前文提到的幽默方式。故选G项。
第三节 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China held a meeting 1. Tuesday mrning at the Great Hall f the Peple in Beijing t praise rle mdels in the cuntry’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic.
The Medal f the Republic was cnferred n a famus respiratry disease expert Zhng Nanshan.The 2. (natin) hnrary title，“the Peple’s Her，” was cnferred n Zhang Bli,3. expert wh was respnsible fr the research f the COVID-19 treatment plan 4. (cmbine) traditinal Chinese medicine and Western medicine，Zhang Dingyu，head f Wuhan Jinyintan Hspital，and Chen Wei，a military medical scientist 5. made majr achievements in the develpment f vaccine and prtective medicine.
“I wuld like t 6. (sincere) thank the Party and the state fr granting this hnr t us fur medical 7. (wrker)，” Zhng said.“There shuld be n relaxatin 8.________China wn victry at the beginning f the COVID-19 fight and I prmise 9._________(wrk) tgether with clleagues arund the cuntry and the wrld.” In additin,1,499 persns,500 grups,186 CPC members and 150 primary-level Party rganizatins 10.________ (praise) fr their rles in fighting the epidemic.
1．n【解析】考查介词。根据后文“Tuesday mrning”可知表示“在某一天的早上”应用介词n。故填n。
2．natinal【解析】考查形容词。修饰后文名词title，应用形容词natinal，作定语。故填natinal。
3．an【解析】考查冠词。expert为可数名词，此处表示泛指，因其发音以元音音素开头，故应用不定冠词an，故填an。
4．cmbining【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，cmbine在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语plan构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语。故填cmbining。
5．wh/that考【解析】查定语从句。此处为定语从句，修饰先行词a military medical scientist，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词wh或that引导该从句。故填wh/that。
6．sincerely【解析】考查副词。修饰后文动词thank，应用副词sincerely，作状语。故填sincerely。
7．wrkers【解析】考查名词的数。wrker为可数名词，由fur修饰，故填wrkers。
8．thugh【解析】考查状语从句。句意为：虽然中国在抗击新冠肺炎疫情的初战中告捷，但不能放松，我保证与全国和世界各国同事一道努力。此处为让步状语从句，表示“虽然”，应用thugh引导该从句。故填thugh。
9．t wrk【解析】考查非谓语动词。结合句意可知，此处表示“保证做某事prmise t d sth.”。故填t wrk。
10．were praised【解析】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合语境可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为1,499 persns,500 grups,186 CPC members and 150 primary-level Party rganizatins，谓语动词应用复数。故填were praised。
Dear (收信人)，
I understand yur feelings. (陈述事由)．But dn’t be unhappy.
Try these pieces f advice and see if they help.First， (第一条建议)． (第一条建议的理由)．Secnd， (第二条建议)，fr example (第二条建议的理由)．Besides， (第三条建议)．
I hpe yu will find my advice helpful.I wish yu all the best(祝愿)．
Yurs，
(写信人)
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。当你在家里吃饭的时候，有没有担心自己吃得越来越多，正在变胖？快来看看吧，家里的环境，包括窗户和灯的亮度、墙壁的颜色以及吃饭的速度等都可以影响你的饮食。也许使你肥胖的罪魁祸首就在你的家里！
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲了周二上午，中国在北京人民大会堂举行会议，表彰在抗击新冠肺炎疫情中的榜样。文章列举了包括钟南山在内的一些受到表彰的人选，以及钟南山的一些讲话。